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| Jung, T.; Pérez-Sierra, A.; Durán, A.; Horta Jung, M.; Balci, Y.; Scanu, B.. |
| Most members of the oomycete genus Phytophthora are primary plant pathogens. Both soil- and airborne Phytophthora species are able to survive adverse environmental conditions with enduring resting structures, mainly sexual oospores, vegetative chlamydospores and hyphal aggregations. Soilborne Phytophthora species infect fine roots and the bark of suberized roots and the collar region with motile biflagellate zoospores released from sporangia during wet soil conditions. Airborne Phytophthora species infect leaves, shoots, fruits and bark of branches and stems with caducous sporangia produced during humid conditions on infected plant tissues and dispersed by rain and wind splash. During the past six decades, the number of previously unknown Phytophthora... |
| Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor |
Palavras-chave: Disease management; Epidemic; Forest dieback; Invasive pathogens; Nursery infestation; Root rot. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/649734 |
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| Wangai, L.N; Kimani, F.T; Omar, S.A; Karanja, S.M; Nderu, D.W; Magoma, G; Mutua, D. |
| Development and spread of chloroquine (CQ) resistance led to its withdrawal in most malaria endemic countries. In Kenya, this occurred in 1998 when clinical efficacy dropped below 50%. Less than a decade after CQ was removed from routine use in Malawi, the drug has reversed to activity and is again effective for first-line treatment of uncomplicated malaria. There is a probability of a similar reversed activity in Kenya for more 10 years of its absence in uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria treatment. The present study was aimed at establishing the CQ resistance status in the country, 10 years after its withdrawal, by looking at high malaria transmission zone, Mbita, a malaria endemic area and some malaria epidemic areas of the Kenyan highlands.... |
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Palavras-chave: Plasmodium falciparum; Chloroquine (CQ); Resistance; Endemic; Epidemic. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3096 |
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| Hennessy, David A.. |
| Concerns about biosecurity in the food system raise a variety of issues about how the system is presently organized, why it might be vulnerable, what one could reasonably do to better secure it, and the costs of doing so. After presenting some facts about US agriculture and food, this paper considers three economic aspects of the general problem. One is the global problem, or the way biosecurity measures can affect how countries relate to each other and the global consequences that result. Another is how to best manage the immediate aftermath of a realized threat in order to minimize damage. The third is how to seek to prevent realization of the threat. Some policy alternatives are also presented. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agro-terrorism; Animal disease; Biosecurity; Epidemic; Food system policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9371 |
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| Hennessy, David A.. |
| The spatial dimension of agricultural production is important when a communicable disease enters a region. This paper considers two sorts of biosecurity risk that producers can seek to protect against. One concerns the risk of spread: that neighboring producers do not take due care in protecting against being infected by a disease already in the region. In this case, producer efforts substitute with those of near neighbors. For representative spatial production structures, we characterize Nash equilibrium protection levels and show how spatial production structure matters. The other sort of risk concerns entry: that producers do not take due care in preventing the disease from entering the region. In this case, producer heterogeneity has subtle effects on... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Circle and line topologies; Complements and substitutes; Epidemic; Public good; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18434 |
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| Barroso,David Eduardo; Carvalho,DM; Casagrande,ST; Rebelo,MC; Soares,V; Zahner,V; Solari,CA; Nogueira,SA. |
| The main objectives of the present study were to investigate the clinical and laboratory features of meningococcal disease in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, during the overlap of 2 epidemics in the 1990s. We conducted a study of a series of cases of meningococcal disease admitted in a Meningitis Reference Hospital. All clinical isolates available were analyzed by means of microbiological epidemiological markers. In 1990, Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B:4,7:P1.19,15, 1.7,1 sulfadiazine-resistant of the ET-5 complex emerged causing epidemic disease. Despite mass vaccination campaign (VaMengoc B+C®), the ET-5 clone remained hyperendemic after the epidemic peaked. In 1993 to 1995, an epidemic of serogroup C belonged to the cluster A4 overlapped, with a... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Neisseria meningitidis; Meningococcal disease; Epidemic; Meningitis; Sepsis. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000300008 |
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