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| Registros recuperados: 33 | |
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| Boon, E.K.; Hens, L.. |
| This paper reviews the state of the environment in Ghana and explores the potential for the use of institutional, legal and economic instruments in environmental management in the specific context of this developing country. The environmental situation in Ghana is characterised by desertification, land degradation, deforestation, soil erosion, desertification and inadequate water supply in the Northern regions of the country. The population as a whole is growing at a rate of 3% per annum, with even greater urban growth rates, due to rural out-migration. Large parts of the coastal zone in the south are rapidly developing to become one large suburbanised area. Water quality is particularly threatened in the urban and industrialised areas, which are mainly... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental legislation; Government policy. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/375 |
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| Reiterating our commitment to the principles and objectives set out in the Constitutive Act of the African Union and our common conviction that peace, security, democracy, good governance, political and social stability as well as sound economic policies are essential conditions for the sustainable socio-economic development of the African continent; |
| Tipo: Conference Material |
Palavras-chave: Government policy. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/548 |
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| Tarr, P.; Blackie, R.. |
| This paper examines the evolution, since 1990, of key government policies on sustainable development in Namibia. Namibia’s approach has been largely homegrown, responding to issues that are of concern to the Namibian public and policy-makers. The most successful policies have been those that have either been based on strong community-level institutions such as conservancies, or on high-quality scientific analysis, such as the management of fisheries and Environmental Assessments (EAs). Both examples have involved strong stakeholder participation in the formulation of policies and legislation. While issues relating to land and local governance of natural resources require cooperation from up to four government ministries to resolve conflicts,... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Government policy; Sustainable development; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35332. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/547 |
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| Webb, Patrick; von Braun, Joachim; Yohannes, Yisehac. |
| This study argues that famines are preventable. What was once a universal threat to human life is now primarily in Sub-Saharan Africa. Africa is likely to be the only continent to experience a continued high level of famine mortality during the 1990s, as well as an increase in absolute poverty. Therefore, the current challenge facing policymakers and research organizations such as IFPRI is to reduce the negative effects of famine in Africa and to lay the foundations for its longer- term eradication. This research by Patrick Webb, Joachim von Braum, and Yisehac Yohannes was designed to contribute to a better understanding of the root causes of famine and thereby to identify appropriate policies and projects for famine mitigation. As part of a larger IFPRI... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Famines; Ethiopia; Droughts; Government policy; Food supply; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 1992 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37973 |
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| von Braun, Joachim; de Haen, Hartwig; Blanken, Juergen. |
| Rapid population growth in agroecologies that are already under high population pressure poses a major challenge for development policy. It becomes an even greater challenge in complex agroecologies where little new technology for rapid agricultural expansion is available. The mountain zones of the Zaire-Nile Divide in Central Africa present an example of such a challenging environment where agriculture has encroached onto marginal zones, that is, water catchment areas and the last tropical forests of the area. This study by von Braun, de Haen, and Blanken highlights the potentials of agricultural development for the employment, income, and consumption of the poor, but also stresses that nonagricultural rural growth and employment expansion are key to... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture and State; Rwanda; Produce trade; Government policy; Exports; Food supply; Nutrition policy; Population; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development. |
| Ano: 1991 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42154 |
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| Pande, Rohini. |
| This paper examines the political economy of coordination in a simple two-sector model in which individuals' choice of agricultural technology affects industrialization. We demonstrate the existence of multiple equilibria; the economy is either characterized by the use of a traditional agricultural technology and a low level of industrialization or the use of a mechanized technology and a high level of industrialization. Relative to the traditional technology, the mechanized technology increases output but leaves some population groups worse off. We show that the distributional implications of choosing the mechanized technology restrict the possibility of Pareto-improving coordination by an elected policy-maker, even when we allow for income redistribution. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Industrialization; Choice of technology; Government policy; Political Economy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O14; H10. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28383 |
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| Chowdhury, Nuimuddin; Farid, Naser; Roy, Devesh. |
| Three factors, advent of new technology (HYV), development of infrastructure and market liberalization working in tandem have delivered favorable food security outcomes for Bangladesh. Bangladesh’s food-policy has benefited from a liberalized trade regime and a consistent downsizing of the government, all with favorable effects on poverty and nutrition. Post liberalization, the findings suggest a perceptible increase in the cost-effectiveness of the public food grain distribution system (PFDS). The favorable effects of liberalization are also evident in growths in outputs, market size, the size of private stocks, the emergence of a two peak harvest seasonality, and finally in declining real rice prices. The government has moreover downsized the PFDS,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food policy; Liberalization; Government policy; Markets; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Marketing. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58574 |
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| Jansen, Hans G.P.; Pender, John L.; Damon, Amy L.; Schipper, Robert A.. |
| Promising ways of promoting sustainable development in less-favored areas have long been a focus of the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). Hillside areas are an important facet of less-favored areas because they often have limited biophysical potential and attract limited public investment. As a result, poverty, low agricultural productivity, and natural resource degradation tend to be interrelated problems in such areas. In Honduras, poverty is deep and widespread, and this is especially the case in the hillside areas— home to one-third of the country’s population. The majority of these people earn their living through agriculture, as either smallholders or farm laborers. Rural poverty in the hillsides results primarily from unequal... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Sustainable development; Honduras; Rural development; Government policy; Hill farming; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37883 |
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| Pinckney, Thomas C.. |
| Instability in the production of a staple food causes severe hardship for many countries. For a country that is self-sufficient in its staple food in a normal production year, the large swings in price and consumption that result from an exclusive and uninhibited reliance on trade to stabilize prices are unacceptable. Most countries, therefore, intervene in their domestic cereal markets and move supplies from surpluses to deficit years through storage or by subsidizing international trade. The appropriate method of intervention and the most efficient way to achieve supply stability thus became topics of study. For the most part, economist have encouraged governments to rely more on trade than on stocks to make up deficits on years of production shortfalls.... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Corn industry; Government policy; Kenya; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1988 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42171 |
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| Dorosh, Paul A.; Valdes, Alberto. |
| This report on Pakistan is one of a series of country studies undertaken by the International Trade and Food Security Program are IFPRI on trade and macroeconomic policies. Other studies in this series include research reports on Colombia, Argentina, Nigeria, Zaire, and the Philippines, and collaborative work with the World Bank on this tonic in several other countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The findings from this research have vividly shown the need to analyze the effects of policy interventions in agriculture in developing countries in an economic-wide framework. There is now an overwhelming body of evidence showing that trade and exchange rate policies have, in most countries, had a far greater impact, generally adverse, on agricultural... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Produce trade; Government policy; Pakistan; Agriculture prices; Foreign exchange problem; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1990 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42161 |
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| Skoufias, Emmanuel. |
| In the second half of the twentieth century, many developing countries adopted broad social assistance programs, like food subsidies, ostensibly designed to help poor people. Their effectiveness was mixed and, unfortunately, many of these expensive programs did not make much difference in the lives of poor people, much less help them climb permanently out of poverty. In the 1990s Mexico took a completely new approach. It launched a social program— PROGRESA—that was revolutionary in two ways. First, PROGRESA aimed to integrate interventions in health, education, and nutrition simultaneously, based on an understanding that these dimensions of human welfare are interdependent and that poor health, education, and nutrition are both causes and consequences of... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Rural poor; Government policy; Programa de Educación; Salud y Alimentación (Mexico City; Mexico); Evaluation; Poverty; Government policy; Mexico; Social policy; Consumer/Household Economics. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37891 |
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| Hart, Chad E.. |
| Federal and state governments are searching for programs and/or policies to deal with the risks linked with uncertainty in water supplies and demands. Within the United States, competition among agricultural, urban, and environmental concerns for water is increasing. Drought conditions and water use restrictions have, at times, limited water supplies for these varied uses. The federal government stands in a unique position as both a major supplier and demander of water. As such, the federal government has put forward several programs for water conservation, information, and usage. One area in which the federal government has not made significant progress is the issue of risk management and compensation for water reallocations. When natural forces or... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Government policy; Reallocation; Risk management; Water rights; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18298 |
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| Registros recuperados: 33 | |
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