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Registros recuperados: 89
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Aide à l'estimation des stocks d'huîtres en élevage par télédétection basse altitude: étude de faisabilité ArchiMer
De Pontual, Helene.
Existing methods to assess the biomass of reared oyster's stocks are ail based on aerial photographs and field data. In this study, we propose an automatic processing of the digitized aerial photographs making use of advanced vision tools such as mathematical morphology. The implemented a1gorithms are described. They give enough convincing results to suggest further developments. However, this method requires the use of digital images. To this respect, a part of this paper deals with data acquisition problems. We particularly study the feasibility of using airborne video recording system. Such device should give a quite accurate information, easier to process than the classical aerial photographs.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître; Estimation des stocks; Photographie aérienne; Vidéo aéroportée; Analyse d'images numériques; Oysters; Stock assessment; Aerial pholographs; Airborne videography; Digital image processing.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00105/21669/19247.pdf
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L'éthoxyrésorufine-o-déethylase, les adduits à l'ADN et les mocronuclei dans les organismes marins. Application à la surveillance des effets biologiques sur les côtes françaises ArchiMer
Burgeot, Thierry.
Three biomarkers [ethoxyresorufm-o-deethylase (EROD), DNA adducts and micronuclei (MN) were studied for biomonitoring applications along French coasts. EROD was developed at an experirnental stage in two pilot sites, Seine Bay and Fos sur Mer, using the dab (Limanda limanda), dragon et (Callionymus lyra), red mullet (Mullus barbatus) and comber (Serranus hepatus) as target species. Higbest EROD activity was observed in the subestuarial part of Seine Bay and at the stations closest to sources of pollution from Cortiou and Fos sur Mer. The suitable number of fish for detection of a significant difference between two EROD activities was deterrnined as a function of sampling variance and a preselected statistical power. A preliminary study on hepatocytes in a...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ethoxyrésorufine-o-déethylase; Adduits à l'ADN; Micronuclei; Poisson; Moule; Huître; Biosurveillance; Ethoryresorufin-o-deethylase; DNA adducts; Micronuclei; Fish; Mussel; Oyster; Biomonitoring.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00443/55462/56984.pdf
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Relation entre la capacité trophique de l'écosystème "claire ostréicole" et la production de l'huître Crassostrea gigas en période d'affinage ArchiMer
Soletchnik, Patrick; Razet, Daniel; Goulletquer, Philippe; Geairon, Philippe; Le Moine, Olivier; Faury, Nicole.
This study presents an environmental survey o foyster ponds in Marennes Oléron Bay (France). Physical and biological parameters were recorded in continuous to study this mesocosm (450 m2 surface). The trophic capacity of the water column was assessed and used as an imput signal in the biological model of Crassostrea gigas. Oyster production in earthen-ponds was compared to the biological model results. Simulation was carried out experimental results to investigate temperature and food effect on energetic budget of Crassostrea gigas during summer and winter
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mesocosm study; Crassostrea gigas; Pond; Oyster rearing; Modèle biologique; Ressource trophique; Affinage; Claires ostréicoles; Crassostrea gigas; Huître.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3236.pdf
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Etude et modélisation de la dynamique des populations de bivalves en élevage (Crassostrea gigas et Mytilus galloprovincialis) dans le bassin de Thau (Méditerranée, France) et des ascidies solitaires associées ArchiMer
Gangnery, Aline.
The total standing stock of bivalves cultured in Thau Lagoon (France) that is mainly constituted of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, and the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, vary between 14,000 and 20,000 tons within a year. These variations were attributed to the rearing cycle of molluscs in the lagoon but also to their growth performances. Oysters cultured in the Thau Lagoon presented the best growth rate ever reported whereas trophic conditions are low : mean concentrations in organic particulate matter and total chlorophyll a averaged 1 mg.l-1 and 1.2 µg.l-1, respectively. The development of a growth model shows that temporal pattern (i.e. seasonality) of bivalve growth is explained by water temperature and spatial pattern is...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Lagoon ecosystem; Resource management; Rearing strategies; Production; Standing stock; Hydrobiology; Growth; Shellfish culture; Ascidiella aspersa; Mussel; Oyster; Ecosystème lagunaire; Gestion des ressources; Stratégies d'élevage; Production; Stock; Hydrobiologie; Croissance; Conchyliculture; Ascidiella aspersa; Moule; Huître.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/these-102.pdf
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Les risques conchylicoles en Baie de Quiberon. Deuxième partie : le risque de prédation sur l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas. Rapport final du projet Risco 2010-2013 ArchiMer
Mazurie, Joseph; Stanisiere, Jean-yves; Bouget, Jean-francois; Langlade, Aime; Leclerc, Emilie; Quinsat, Kevin; Herve, Gilles; Augustin, Jean-marie; Ehrhold, Axel; Sinquin, Jean-marc; Meidi-deviarni, Ika; Goubert, Evelyne; Cochet, Helene; Dreano, Alain.
This study (“Risco”), implicating both industry, socio-economic experts and biologists, was funded by the Regional Council of Brittany, for 3 years (2010-2012), to investigate about the causes of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) mortalities in the bay of Quiberon (South Brittany, France). The protocol including both a sonar and video visualization of the bottom, and a monthly survey of 15 experimental oyster structures, allowed to assess the risk due to predation. A clear spatial distribution of the predatory effect was evidenced, with starfish (Asterias rubens and Marthasterias glacialis) predominating in the North-East sector, and boring snails (Ocenebra erinacea and Pterophora inornata) in the South-Center area.. The main mortalities from these predators...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Baie de Quiberon; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Risque; Mortalité; Prédation; Étoiles de mer; Bigorneaux perceurs; Risco; Bay of Quiberon; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Risk; Mortality; Predation; Starfish; Oyster drills; Risco.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00180/29130/27534.pdf
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Déterminismes génétiques de l'allocation à la reproduction chez les huîtres creuses (Crassostrea gigas) triploïdes ArchiMer
Normand, Julien.
In diploid Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, gonadic development can be important in terms of energetic investment. Phenotypic and genetic negative correlations have also been observed between gonadic occupation and traits related to survival and growth, and this fact suggests that this trait could be deleterious for its aquaculture production. Triploidy can be been artificially induced to improve the production of Pacific oysters as it results in a general diminution of mean gonadic development. This trait is however highly variable. In this context, this study aimed to quantify and qualify the allocation to reproduction in triploid oysters and to study its genetic bases. Variability for allocation to reproduction and growth was first studied in 3 sets of...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Triploidy x genetic interaction; Genetic determinism; Sexual dimorphism; Gametogenesis; Allocation to reproduction; Triploid; Oyster; Interaction triploïdie x génétique; Déterminisme génétique; Dimorphisme sexuel; Gamétogenèse; Allocation à la reproduction; Triploïde; Huître.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/these-6971.PDF
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Les différents systèmes de collecteurs de naissain ArchiMer
Boury, Maurice.
Le naissain est récolté sur des matériaux très variés : pierres, coquilles, bois, tuiles non chaulées, tuiles chaulées. De plus, le même matériel peut être disposé de façons différentes. Exemple : coquilles étalées sur le fond et coquilles assemblées en chapelets et suspendues dans l'eau.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître; Reproduction; Naissain; Collecteur; Recrutement.
Ano: 1929 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00005/11586/8212.pdf
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Exploitation des huîtres en Nouvelle Calédonie échantillonnage des stocks naturels d'huîtres de paletuviers (Saccostrea cucullata) et aménagement des pêches ArchiMer
Bodoy, Alain; Morin, Jocelyne.
We analysed a few aspects of oyster culture in New Caledonia. Oyster culture there is not very important, one farm producing 30 tonnes of Japanese oysters per year and the other one, 3 tonnes of rock oysters. Mangrove oyster deposits are traditionally exploited, and this exploitation lead to a decrease of the densities and biomasses observed in the most exploited estuaries. On the four monitored sites, the maximum size observed is comprised between 7.2 to 10 cm, for a mode comprised between 3.6 and 4.8 cm. Densities go from 31 to 251 oysters and biomasses, from 0.751 to 2.553 kg/m2. Regulations focus on the minimum collection size (6 cm) and a fishing prohibition period of 8 months. Based on our observations, we suggest that these dispositions be...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Aménagement des Pêches; Stocks; Echantillonnage; Huître; Mangrove.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-6527.pdf
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Introduction de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas en France ArchiMer
Grizel, Henri.
La production d'huîtres creuses françaises est actuellement supérieure à 100 000 tonnes. Elle est assurée par la culture d'une seule espèce, Crassostrea gigas, élevée dans la plupart des centres ostréicoles. Cette espèce s'est avérée résistante aux différentes maladies qui ont affecté tout d'abord l'huître creuse, Crassostrea angulata (Viroses), puis l'huître plate Ostrea edulis (Marteilia refringens et Bonamia ostreae). Ainsi, malgré toutes les controverses que cette implantation a provoquées, le fait essentiel est que depuis 1970-1971, la profession ostréicole a pu rester active, grâce à la culture de C. gigas, et ce, malgré les nombreux problèmes auquels elle a du faire face.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: France; Introduction; Crassostrea gigas; Huître.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-7379.pdf
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Résultats des recherches pratiques depuis 1950 en ostréiculture ArchiMer
Ladouce, Rémy.
Dans cette note, nous vous proposons de rendre compte, aussi brièvement que possible, des résultats pratiques des recherches de l'Office des Pêches concernant notamment la récolte du naissain et l'engraissement des huîtres.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Naissain; Récolte; Larves; Huître; Utilisation engrais; Ostréiculture.
Ano: 1952 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00003/11460/8018.pdf
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Etude de la réponse immunitaire chez l'huître Crassostrea gigas : caractérisation et fonctions de protéines de reconnaissance aux LPS et d'effecteurs antimicrobiens ArchiMer
Gonzalez, Marcelo.
Research on the immune response of oysters is motivated by the problems of infectious diseases potentially found in the farms. Over the course of the last few years, the development of genomic approaches has allowed us to make headway on characterising genes involved in the cup oyster's (Crassostrea gigas) innate immunity, particularly thanks to various programmes for analysing transcriptome, of type EST (Express Sequence Tag) and subtractive banks. Within the context of this work, over the course of which we have used the data from genomic research and we have also developed biochemical approaches, we were particularly interested in studying the proteins involved in reconnaissance reactions to LPS as well as to antimicrobial effectors. In an earlier part,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Defense peptides; Polysaccharides; LPS; Hemocytes; Immune response; Crassostrea gigas; Shellfish culture; LPS; Défensine; Peptides antimicrobiens; LBP; BPI; Superoxide dismutase; Hémocytes; Crassostrea gigas; Huître; Mollusque; Immunité.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/these-2098.pdf
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Maladie de la glande digestive de l'huître plate - Etude histochimique ArchiMer
Morel, Marc; Tige, Gilbert.
The histochemical study conducted here aims to bring to light the different biochemical components of the parasite. We carried out a series of analyses focusing on the main features known to this parasite: basic "primary" cell (stage 1), included "secondary" cells (stage 2), groups of "secondary" cells isolated by a membrane with or without "refracting clusters" (stage 4 and 3). The results of these histochemical tests are described in this work.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Histochimie; Pathologie; Maladie; Ostrea edulis; Huître.
Ano: 1974 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1974/publication-6287.PDF
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Testing of the Argentina oyster, Ostrea puelchana, in several French oyster farming sites ArchiMer
Pascual, Marcela; Martin, Anne-genevieve; Zampatti, Eduardo; Coatanea, Denis; Defossez, Jérôme; Robert, Rene.
Because of diseases affecting fIat oyster Ostrea edulis, acclimatization of the Argentina oyster Ostrea puelchana has been tested in 1989-90 in five French oyster farming sites. Following ICES recommendations , hatchery produced juveniles, from parents imported from Argentina, were transferred to experimental si tes in summer 1989. Very high mortalities occurred, reaching 46 to 98% in March-Apri1 1990. They continued later on, resulting in the end of experiments in March 1991. The growth of surviving oysters was relatively poor in comparison of the local species. Parasites Marteilia refringens and Bonamia ostreae have been detected but at rates inadequate ta explain the high mortalities. AlI these results lead not to retain this species for breeding on...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître; Ostrea puelchana; Parasitologie; Marteilia refringens; Oysters; Ostrea puelchana; Parasitology; Marteilia refringens.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00018/12946/9916.pdf
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Approche des relations entre a croissance de l'huître Crassostrea gigas et le milieu dans le bassin d'Arcachon ArchiMer
Maurer, Daniele.
study of the experimental growth of the oyster Crassostrea gigas was undertaken of 1985 to 1988, parallel to a follow-up hydrobiologic of the medium, in three sites of the basin of Arcachon. - The characteristics of growth of the studied sites proved very stable during various years ; they are also very different from one site to another, the performances being able to vary the simple one with the double of the center of the basin towards the exit on the ocean. It is during the summer and of the autumn that the difference is established between the sectors, the spring growths being similar. The hierarchy observed is associated a more or less great precocity of the laying. - A gradient influences continental oceanic-influence is observed, resulting in more...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ostreiculture; Oyster; Hydrobiology; Growth; Bay of Arcachon; Crassostrea gigas; Ostréiculture; Huître; Hydrobiologie; Croissance; Baie d'Arcachon; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/rapport-1645.pdf
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Mortalité printanière et estivale de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans le Bassin de Marennes-Oléron (Banc de Ronce-Perquis) ArchiMer
Remoue, Sophie.
Le banc ostréicole de Ronce-Perquis au sud du bassin de Marennes-Oléron (Charente), constitue un site atelier expérimental pour l'étude des mortalités printanière et estivale de l'huître creuse Crassastrea gigas. L'étude d'une durée de 5 mois a été effectuée sur quatre lots d'huîtres captées et élevées sur des bancs ostréicoles différents, puis placés en élevage sur un même site. Le taux de mortalité des élevages d'huîtres à plat (de 22 à 50 %) est supérieure à celle des élevages sur table (inférieure à 15 %). Le lot le plus jeune, Bartleur, qui présente une faible mortalité cumulée, résiste le mieux à la période d'acclimatation des élevages. Après une phase de "rémission" de la mortalité (mi-avril mi-mai), deux épisodes de mortalité apparaissent...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Croissance; Composition biochimique; Marennes-Oléron.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00412/52359/53147.pdf
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Un microorganisme de type rickettsien chez l'huître portugaise Crassostrea angulata Lmk ArchiMer
Comps, Michel; Deltreil, Jean-pierre.
A prokaryotic microorganism has been observed in the cells of the digestive gland of Crassostrea angulata, an oyster of economic importance. The study of its characteristics shows that it has a chlamydial type cycle with structural particularities.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Crassostrea angulata; Huître; Procaryote.
Ano: 1979 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1979/publication-6081.PDF
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Etude de la structure des communautés bactériennes du sédiment et de l'écologie de Vibrio aestuarianus pathogène de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans deux sites ostréicoles ArchiMer
Azandegbe, Afi.
Since several years, the French oyster farming copes with high mortality affecting juveniles and some adults of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Studies conducted in the framework of a multidisciplinary project (MOREST) showed that mortality was related to several factors like physiological and genetic status of oyster, pathogens including bacteria of the genus Vibrio, and revealed that the sediment, on which the oyster cages are installed, might play a particular role. This has been suggested because of the concomitance of the mortalities and increased toxic compounds like ammonia and sulphides in the sediment. Moreover, the presence of Vibrio bacteria in the sediment indicates a dual role of sediment in the mortality onset. The physico-chemical...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Bactéries; Vibrio aestuarianus; Écologie; Sédiment; Ammonium; Sulfures; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Bacteria; Vibrio aestuarianus; Ecology; Sediment; Ammonia; Sulphide.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14277/11561.pdf
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Infections virales chez les huîtres Crassostrea angulata Lmk. et Crassostrea gigas Th. ArchiMer
Comps, Michel; Duthoit, Jean-louis.
Two viral infections associated to some epizooties have been observed in Crassostrea angulata Lmk. The first one concerns the Gill disease in which the viral damages go hand in hand with a cellular hypertrophy, while, in the second one, the contaminated cells are associated with a deterioration of the connective tissue. These branchial necrosis associated to a virus have been observed again recently in some Portuguese oysters from the natural deposits of the Cadix (Spain) area. Moreover, the study of the summer mortalities (July 1977) in the oyster Crassostrea gigas Th. demonstrated the presence in this species of a virus of the same type as the one associated to the massive mortalities of the Portuguese oyster. In both cases, the viral morphogenesis takes...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Pathology; Virus; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Pathologie; Virologie.
Ano: 1979 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1979/publication-5922.PDF
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Open-air treatment of wastewater from land-based marine fish farms in extensive and intensive systems: current technology and future perspectives ArchiMer
Hussenot, Jerome; Lefebvre, Sébastien; Brossard, Nicolas.
Marine land-based fish farms located in coastal wetlands (salt-pond zones, lagoon banks, etc.), whether extensive or intensive, send farm effluents directly to the sea or after short periods of stocking in retention reservoirs. The aims of our investigation have been to compare the efficiency of current and potential water treatment procedures in open-air. Wastewater retention ponds in commercial farms (Atlantic coasts of France) are efficient in removing up to 1 metric ton of particulate material (dry weight) per hectare and per day (faeces and unconsumed feed), but are inefficient in reducing dissolved wastes, both organic (urea, amino acids, protein) and inorganic (total ammonia nitrogen, phosphates). Forthcoming outdoor technology to treat these forms...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Traitement de l'eau; Effluent; Décantation; Sédimentation; Écumage; Microalgue; Huître; Water treatment; Effluent; Aquaculture; Sedimentation; Foam fractionation; Microalgae; Oyster.
Ano: 1998 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/publication-873.pdf
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Rôle fonctionnel des protistes hétéro/mixotrophes dans le réseau trophique d'un écosystème conchylicole: le marais atlantique ArchiMer
Dupuy, Christine.
L'huître Crassostrea gigas se nourrit en filtrant le phytoplancton, mais dans les marais atlantiques, cette production phytoplanctonique ne suffit pas pour équilibrer son bilan énergétique. L'analyse du réseau microbien planctonique au cours de l'isolement du marais en mortes-eaux montre une succession de peuplements : des diatomées qui épuisent rapidement les nutriments, puis des bactéries et enfin des protistes flagellés et ciliés. La production bactérienne représente une ressource énergétique importante, mais l'huître ne peut capter efficacement ces particules < 1 µm. Les protistes hétéro/mixotrophes qui se nourrissent de ces picoproies pourraient alors, s' ils sont retenus par l'huître, représenter un "relais trophique" entre la production...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître; Ressources trophiques; Réseau microbien; Protistes; Lien trophique; Marais maritime.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00439/55103/56549.pdf
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