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Registros recuperados: 40
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Linking Future Ecosystem Services and Future Human Well-being Ecology and Society
Butler, Colin D; Australian National University; colin.butler@anu.edu.au; Oluoch-Kosura, Willis; University of Nairobi; Willis.Kosura@aercafrica.org.
Ecosystem services are necessary, yet not sufficient for human well-being (however defined). Insufficient access to the ecosystem provisioning service of food is a particularly important factor in the loss of human well-being, but all ecosystem services contribute in some way to well-being. Although perhaps long obvious to ecologists, the links between ecosystems and aspects of human well-being, including health, have been less well understood among the social science community. This situation may now be starting to change, thanks in part to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA). Causality between ecosystem services and well-being is bidirectional; it is increasingly clear that functioning societies can protect or enhance ecosystem services, and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Cognitive potential; Conflict; Ecosystems; Health; Human well-being; Hunger; Nutrition; Scenarios; Surprise.
Ano: 2006
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DYNAMICS OF POVERTY AND FOOD SUFFICIENCY AgEcon
Ribar, David C.; Hamrick, Karen S..
This study examines dynamics in poverty and food insufficiency using newly available longitudinal data from the 1993 panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation SIPP) and the follow-on Survey of Program Dynamics (SPD). The study uses these data to characterize the incidence and dynamics of poverty and food problems for the entire U.S. population and for different subgroups. It also estimates multivariate, discrete-choice regression models to examine the factors associated with transitions into and out of poverty and food insufficiency, and it analyzes the empirical results in the context of a life-cycle model of income and food consumption. Results indicate that the incidence of food insufficiency in the United States is low-less than 3 percent...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food sufficiency; Food insufficiency; Food security; Food insecurity; Poverty; Well-being; Hunger; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33851
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Eliminating Fruit and Vegetable Planting Restrictions: How Would Markets Be Affected? AgEcon
Johnson, D. Demcey; Krissoff, Barry; Young, C. Edwin; Hoffman, Linwood A.; Lucier, Gary; Breneman, Vincent E..
Eighty-nine percent of American households were food secure throughout the entire year in 2005, meaning that they had access, at all times, to enough food for an active, healthy life for all household members. The remaining households were food insecure at least some time during that year. The prevalence of food insecurity declined from 11.9 percent of households in 2004 to 11.0 percent in 2005, while the prevalence of very low food security remained unchanged at 3.9 percent. This report, based on data from the December 2005 food security survey, provides the most recent statistics on the food security of U.S. households, as well as on how much they spent for food and the extent to which food-insecure households participated in Federal and community food...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Food spending; Food pantry; Hunger; Soup kitchen; Emergency kitchen; Material well-being; Food Stamp Program; National School; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7249
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Does SNAP Decrease Food Insecurity? Untangling the Self-Selection Effect AgEcon
Nord, Mark; Golla, Anne Marie.
Self-selection by more food-needy households into the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly called the Food Stamp Program) makes it difficult to observe positive effects of the program in survey data. This study investigates self-selection and ameliorative program effects by examining households’ food security month by month for several months prior to initial receipt of SNAP benefits and for several months after joining the program. Two-year panels are constructed by matching the same households interviewed in the Current Population Survey Food Security Supplement in 2 consecutive years using data from 2001 to 2006. Food security is observed to deteriorate in the 6 months prior to beginning to receive SNAP benefits and to improve...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food insecurity; Food stamps; Food security; Hunger; Very low food security; SNAP; Longitudinal analysis; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55955
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Investing in Agriculture for Growth and Food Security in the ACP Countries AgEcon
Skoet, Jakob; Stamoulis, Kostas G.; Deuss, Annelies.
Countries in the ACP region will face significant challenges in the years to come as they try to step up economic growth, deal with increasingly integrated world markets and meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), especially those focused on hunger and poverty. These efforts will take place in the face of declining external assistance and many competing demands on resources. The analysis in the paper shows that agriculture and rural economic activities are essential for growth, poverty reduction and food security especially for the poorer countries in the region. However trends in public resource mobilisation for agriculture and rural development (in terms of both domestic spending and Official Development Assistance) do not reflect that important...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: ACP countries; Hunger; Agriculture; Rural development; Food security; Resource mobilisation.; Food Security and Poverty; F35; H54; H55; Q18; R11; O12.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23802
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Food Security in Developing Countries AgEcon
Staatz, John M.; Boughton, Duncan; Donovan, Cynthia.
This paper provides a systematic definition of food security, focusing on its different dimensions; examines the nature and magnitude of the different dimensions of food insecurity in developing countries; discusses the difficult tradeoffs that policy makers face in trying to address food security’s multiple dimensions simultaneously; and explores promising new approaches to address food insecurity. The geographic focus is on Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, where the majority of the world’s food insecure people live.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Food security; Hunger; Poverty; Food policy; Economic development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; O13; O19; Q18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49227
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International agricultural research for food security, poverty reduction, and the environment: What to expect from scaling up CGIAR investments and “Best Bet” programs. AgEcon
von Braun, Joachim; Fan, Shenggen; Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela; Rosegrant, Mark W.; Nin Pratt, Alejandro.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Developing countries; CGIAR; Food prices; Poverty reduction; Hunger; Agricultural research food security; Environment; Agricultural innovation; Agricultural development; Climate change; Agricultural biodiversity; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46015
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A Global Hunger Index: Measurement Concept, Ranking of Countries, and Trends AgEcon
Wiesmann, Doris M..
Progress in combating hunger and undernutrition has been lagging for decades. Best practices to fight hunger and undernutrition have been available for a long while, but lack of political will among leaders and a lack of political power among the poor have hampered their implementation. Since indices have proven to be powerful tools for advocacy and are able to capture multifaceted phenomena, the Global Hunger Index (GHI) was developed to increase attention to the hunger problem and mobilize the political will to speed up urgently needed progress in the fight against hunger. The GHI captures three dimensions of hunger: insufficient availability of food, shortfalls in the nutritional status of children, and child mortality, which is to a large extent...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Hunger; Undernutrition; Child malnutrition; Child mortality; Food availability; Indicators; HIV/AIDS; Conflict; War; Developing countries; Countries in transition; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55891
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Social Protection: Opportunities for Africa. AgEcon
Adato, Michelle; Hoddinott, John.
Social protection involves policies and programs that protect people against risk and vulnerability, mitigate the impacts of shocks, and support people who suffer from chronic incapacities to secure basic livelihoods. It can also build assets, reducing both short-term and intergenerational transmission of poverty. It includes social insurance (such as health, life, and asset insurance, which may involve contributions from employers and/or beneficiaries); social assistance (mainly cash, food, vouchers, or subsidies); and services (such as maternal and child health and nutrition programs). Interventions that provide training and credit for income-generating activities also have a social protection component. Interest in social protection is growing across...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: AFRICA; Social protection; Poverty reduction; Hunger; Cash transfers; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46013
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Household Food Security in the United States, 2004 AgEcon
Nord, Mark; Andrews, Margaret S..
Eighty-eight percent of American households were food secure throughout the entire year in 2004, meaning that they had access, at all times, to enough food for an active, healthy life for all household members. The remaining households were food insecure at least some time during that year. The prevalence of food insecurity rose from 11.2 percent of households in 2003 to 11.9 percent in 2004, and the prevalence of food insecurity with hunger rose from 3.5 percent to 3.9 percent. This report, based on data from the December 2004 food security survey, provides the most recent statistics on the food security of U.S. households, as well as on how much they spent for food and the extent to which food-insecure households participated in Federal and community...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Hunger; Food spending; Food pantry; Soup kitchen; Emergency kitchen; Material well-being; Food Stamp Program; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33596
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FOOD ASSISTANCE AND NUTRITION RESEARCH SMALL GRANTS PROGRAM: EXECUTIVE SUMMARIES OF 2002 RESEARCH GRANTS AgEcon
Tiehen, Laura.
This report summarizes research findings from the Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Small Grants Program. The Economic Research Service created the program in 1998 to stimulate new and innovative research on food assistance and nutrition issues and to broaden the participation of social science scholars in these issues. The report includes summaries of the research projects that were awarded 1-year grants in summer and fall 2001. The results of these research projects were presented at the October 2002 Small Grants Program conference. The projects focus on food insecurity and hunger, nutritional status and diet quality, Federal food assistance program participation, and the role of private-sector organizations in the provision of food assistance. Some...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food assistance; Nutrition; Vulnerable populations; Food security; Food insecurity; Hunger; Hungry; Food assistance; Food spending; Well-being; Food Stamp Program; Food stamps; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33829
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DO FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS IMPROVE HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY?: RECENT EVIDENCE FROM THE UNITED STATES AgEcon
Huffman, Sonya Kostova; Jensen, Helen H..
Food assistance programs play an important role in meeting the basic needs of low income households. This paper examines the interaction among food stamps, labor force participation and food insecurity status of low-income households under different program design and economic conditions. A simultaneous equation model with three probit equations links the program, work force participation and outcome. Results based on the Survey of Program Dynamics data suggest that Food Stamp Program participation is more responsive to changes in the program benefits than to changes in unemployment rate or nonlabor income; food insecurity status is more responsive to changes in the food program benefit or unemployment rate, than to nonlabor income.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food assistance; Food security; Hunger; And welfare programs; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22219
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PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE WORLD FOOD SITUATION AgEcon
Gebremedhin, Tesfa G..
Although world food and agricultural production, based on current trends, will be sufficient to meet demand in the decades ahead, the world still faces a serious food crisis, at least as perilous and life-threatening for millions of poor people as those of the past. To this end, the main objective of this paper is to illuminate the world food situation and to provide a critical analysis of the core causes of world food insecurity by identifying the various misconceptions surrounding our understanding of hunger, starvation, and poverty. A clear and deeper awareness of the real causes of hunger and malnutrition in poor countries is imperative to enable and challenge policy makers and planners to lay the groundwork at the grass-roots level for appropriate...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Food distribution; Food security; Food supply; Hunger; Malnutrition; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14663
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HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY IN THE UNITED STATES, 2001 AgEcon
Nord, Mark; Andrews, Margaret S.; Carlson, Steven.
Eighty-nine percent of American households were food secure throughout the entire year 2001. The rest were food insecure at least some time during the year, meaning they did not always have access to enough food for active, healthy lives for all household members because they lacked sufficient money or other resources for food. The prevalence of food insecurity rose from 10.1 percent in 1999 to 10.7 percent in 2001, and the prevalence of food insecurity with hunger rose from 3.0 percent to 3.3 percent during the same period. This report, based on data from the December 2001 food security survey, provides the most recent statistics on the food security of U.S. households, as well as on how much they spent for food and the extent to which food-insecure...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Hunger; Food spending; Food pantry; Soup kitchen; Emergency kitchen; Material well-being; Food Stamp Program; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33865
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LA CONSOLIDACIÓN DEL HAMBRE Y DEL DERECHO A LA ALIMENTACIÓN EN LAS AGENDAS POLÍTICAS DE AMÉRICA LATINA AgEcon
Viveros, Jose Luis; Almeida Filho, Niemeyer.
América Latina y el Caribe es la única región en desarrollo que puede acabar con el hambre en nuestra generación. Tiene 52,4 millones de personas subnutridas (10% de población) y 9 millones de niños con desnutrición crónica, pero también es la principal productora mundial de alimentos y tiene recursos financieros, naturales, humanos e institucionales para hacer del hambre un recuerdo del pasado. Es básicamente un problema de desigualdad en el acceso a los recursos, y tiene serias implicaciones económicas (retraso en crecimiento y déficit de competitividad) y políticas (desencanto con la democracia, auge del populismo, y violación de los derechos). En este trabajo se presentan los notables avances de la lucha contra el hambre y el derecho a la alimentación...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Hambre; Derecho a la alimentación; América Latina; Políticas de Seguridad Alimentaria; Hunger; Rights Laws; Latin America; Food Security Policies; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109439
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The Challenge of Hunger: The 2008 Global Hunger Index. AgEcon
von Grebmer, Klaus; Fritschel, Heidi; Nestorova, Bella; Olofinbiyi, Tolulope; Pandya-Lorch, Rajul; Yohannes, Yisehac.
With high food prices threatening the food security of millions of vulnerable households around the world, hunger and malnutrition are back in the headlines. The world is making only slow progress in reducing food insecurity, according to the Global Hunger Index (GHI). Some regions—in particular South and Southeast Asia, the Near East and North Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean—have made significant headway in combating hunger and malnutrition since 1990, but in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, the GHI remains high. Moreover, progress in Sub-Saharan Africa since 1990 has been marginal. The GHI is a tool developed by IFPRI for regularly tracking the state of global hunger and malnutrition. This year’s index reflects data until 2006—the most...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Hunger; Undernutrition; Child mortality; Malnutrition in children; Food availability; Indicators; HIV/AIDS; Conflict war; Developing countries; Transitional economies; Countries in transition malnutrition measurement evaluation.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46014
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Halving Hunger: Meeting the First Millennium Development Goal through "Business as Unusual" AgEcon
Fan, Shenggen.
In 2000, the world’s leaders set a target of halving the percentage of hungry people between 1990 and 2015. This rather modest target constitutes part of the first Millennium Development Goal, which also calls for halving the proportion of people living in poverty and achieving full employment. However, the effort to meet the hunger target has swerved off track, and the world is getting farther and farther away from realizing this objective. The goal of halving hunger by 2015 can still be achieved, but business as usual will not be enough. What is needed is “business as unusual”—a smarter, more innovative, better focused, and cost-effective approach to reducing hunger.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Developing countries; Developing countries; Economic policy; Hunger; Developing countries; Millennium Development Goals (MDG); Policies; Poverty; Developing countries; Rural development; Developing countries; Social protection; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92808
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Exploring Statistics South Africa’s national household surveys as sources of information about household-level food security AgEcon
Aliber, Michael.
This article seeks to contribute to an understanding of household-level food security in South Africa using publicly available household survey data from Statistics South Africa. The two datasets that are used in particular are the General Household Survey, an annual household survey that began in 2002, and the Income and Expenditure Survey of 2005/06. Because these surveys are not designed for the analysis of household-level food security, it is not possible to do the kind of detailed analysis made possible by purpose-designed surveys. However these datasets have some value in respect of understanding food security, namely: large sample sizes; the depth of complementary types of information that assist in contextualising the experience of food insecurity...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Food security; Household survey; Hunger; Food expenditure; Statistics South Africa; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58213
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Characteristics of Low-Income Households With Very Low Food Security: An Analysis of the USDA GPRA Food Security Indicator AgEcon
Nord, Mark.
This Economic Information Bulletin describes characteristics of low-income households that had very low food security in 2005. The U.S. Department of Agriculture monitors the food security of low-income households to assess how effectively the Government’s domestic nutrition assistance programs meet the needs of their target populations. USDA seeks to reduce the prevalence of very low food security among low-income households as part of its strategic plan under the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA).
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Very low food security; Hunger; Food stamp program; School lunch program; WIC; GPRA; ERS; USDA; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59030
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SECOND FOOD SECURITY MEASUREMENT AND RESEARCH CONFERENCE, VOLUME II: PAPERS AgEcon
The Second Food Security Measurement and Research Conference (23-24, 1999) was co-sponsored by the U. S. Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service and Economic Research Service and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' National Center for Health Satistics. The conference was the second in a series and was attended by researchers from government, academia, and the private sector. The conference was part of an ongoing program of Federal food security research, the goal of which has been to establish a stable measurement strategy to assess annual the food security status of the U. S. population. This report is volume 11 of a two-volume set and contains a set of research papers that conference participants prepared to provide...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food security; Hunger; Food assistance; Nutrition monitoring; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33883
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