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| Registros recuperados: 1.469 | |
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| Gounder, Rukmani. |
| As diversity is the strength for economic growth quality domestic institutions and good governance are some of the essential factors to achieve sustainable growth and maintain social stability and harmony. Therefore, necessary social, economic, political and institutional dynamics contribute to higher growth prospects and mitigate conflict in a multi-cultural society. Since the 1987 military coups some of the issues that have confronted the people of Fiji, and others, co-integrate with ethnicity, political instability, conflict and governance. This article links these issues and evaluates the characteristics and factors associated with the dimensions of conflict. In particular, the study highlights the nature and impact of conflict on the civil society and... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Conflict; Aid; Donor Approaches; Fiji; International Development. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23699 |
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| Lovo, Stefania. |
| Land and market imperfections shape the organization of agricultural production and lead to different production regimes within rural farm households in South Africa. This paper presents a theoretical model to explain the presence of three main households groups (classes) determined on the basis of the labor regime adopted: small peasants (working both on and off farm), self cultivators (autarkic in labor) and hiring in households. Membership in the three categories is determined by the endogenous shadow wage and the effective market wages. A generalized ordered logit model is used to test the main predictions of the model. Market imperfections, which prevent household from accessing markets, are expected to have different impacts on heterogenous... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Farm households; Market imperfections; Liquidity constraint; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6675 |
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| Sauer, Johannes; Frohberg, Klaus; Hockmann, Heinrich. |
| The availability of efficiency estimation software freely distributed via the internet and relatively easy to use recently inflated the number of corresponding applications. The resulting efficiency estimates are used without a critical assessment with respect to the literature on theoretical consistency, flexibility and the choice of the appropriate functional form. The robustness of policy suggestions based on inferences from efficiency measures nevertheless crucially depends on theoretically well-founded estimates. This paper addresses stochastic efficiency measurement by critically reviewing the theoretical consistency of recently published technical efficiency estimates with respect to economic development. The results confirm the need for a... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18772 |
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| Abdulai, Awudu; Johnson, Michael; Diao, Xinshen. |
| This study focuses on public investments and policy reforms for leveraging growth spillovers at the Africa regional level. It reviews first the theory and evidence of knowledge and growth spillovers generally and second the evidence in the African context. Given the limited and scattered evidence of actual past spillovers, it reviews recent ex ante simulations using partial and general equilibrium models to stress the potential for spillovers from greater cooperation in agricultural research, and from trade liberalization, policy harmonization and investments in infrastructure. The results show that permitting greater crossborder transfers and adopting improved technologies could have large spillover multiplier effects on overall economic welfare in the... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Sub-Saharan Africa; Regional cooperation; Spillovers; Agricultural development; International Development. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57021 |
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| Kanbur, Ravi; Tuomala, Matti. |
| What explains the spectacular increases in inequality of disposable income in transitional economies of Central and Eastern Europe? There are at least two possible explanations. First, the pre-tax distribution of income became more unequal because of the shift to a market economy. Second, the degree of progressivity of the income tax system declined. But each of these factors is in turn determined by other structural changes associated with transition-notably, the decrease in public provision of key public goods, the decrease in non income tax revenue sources such as profits from public production, and perhaps a decline in society's inequality aversion. This paper develops a framework in which these different forces on inequality can be assessed. Using a... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Development; Public Economics. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7240 |
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| Deininger, Klaus W.; Goyal, Aparajita. |
| Despite strong beliefs that property titling and registration will enhance credit access, empirical evidence in support of such effects remains scant. The gradual roll-out of computerization of land registry systems across Andhra Pradesh’s 387 sub-registry offices (SROs) allows us to combine quarterly administrative data on credit disbursed by all commercial banks for a 11 year period (1997-2007) aggregated to the SRO level with the date of shifting registration from manual to digital. Computerization had no credit effect in rural areas but led to increased credit-supply in urban ones. A marked increase of registered urban mortgages due to computerization supports the robustness of the result. At the same time, estimated impacts from reduction of stamp... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land Registration; Credit; Transactions; Computerization; India; International Development; Land Economics/Use; G28; Q24; R51; R52. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61257 |
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| Duncan, Ronald C.. |
| The results of a three-year study of the implications of China's accession to the WTO for its agricultural sector and policy options to maximise the benefits of the trade reforms are reported. The most important message from the study is that macro-economic and other non-agriculture specific policies can do much to improve the outcome for rural households and thereby improve food security. These policies include the promotion of urban development in inland areas and gradual reform of monetary policy. However, agricultural policies need further reform, including abandoning of price support and regional self-sufficiency policies, reform of monopolistic agricultural marketing and distribution activities, and reform of the state grain storage system.... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58402 |
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| Content: (1) Diersen, Matthew A., William W. Wilson, and Bruce L. Dahl. "Additionality of Credit Guarantees for Wheat Exports." (pp. 165-184); (2) Kinnucan, Henry W. and Myrland Oystein. "Welfare Effects of Supply Expansion with Trade Restrictions: The Case of Salmon." (pp. 185-204); (3) Lee, Dae-Seob, Yiqian Wang, and P. Lynn Kennedy. "Implication of U.S. Rice Export Promotion Programs: The Case of Selected Latin American Countries." (205-220); (4) Marshal, Maria I. and Thomas L. Marsh. "Endogenous Trade Protection in the Mexican Corn Market." (pp. 221-249); (5) Babula, Ronald A., Robert A. Rogowsky, and Robert F.J. Romain. "Exploitation and Analysis of Long Run Cointegration Properties of a Quarterly System of U.S. Wheat Related Product Markets." (pp.... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49167 |
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| Thurlow, James; van Seventer, Dirk Ernst. |
| The paper reports on the construction and testing of a Standard International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) computable general equilibrium model for South Africa. A 1998 social accounting matrix (SAM) for South Africa is compiled using national accounts information and recently released supply-use tables. By updating to a recent year, and by distinguishing between producers and commodities, this SAM is an improvement on the existing SAM databases for South Africa. Furthermore, this SAM is made consistent with the requirements of IFPRI's standard comparative static computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. This model is then used to simulate the economy- wide impact of a range of hypothetical policy levers, including: increased government... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Development. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16279 |
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| Sultan, Tursinbek; Huang, Zuhui; Larsen, Karin. |
| In many of the developing (transition) countries, government is promoting the use of cooperatives as organizations that can help enhance the development of farmers and other communities. Agricultural cooperatives are believed to function as a tool for the government in promoting the economic and social development, in particular by creating employment, generating income, eradicating poverty and strengthen farmers’ (market) power within the modern value chain. As for most transitional countries, Chinese government played a primary important role in agricultural cooperatives development. The government attempted to restructure the agro-food system to a modernized and industrialized one by supporting farmer cooperatives and producer organizations. Since the... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Farm Management; International Development; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122025 |
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| Li, Shanjun; Liu, Yanyan; Deininger, Klaus W.. |
| We quantify the importance of peer effects in group lending by estimating a static game of incomplete information. In our model, group members make their repayment decisions simultaneously based on their household and loan characteristics as well as their expectations on other members' repayment decisions. Exploiting a rich data set of a microfinance program in India, our estimation results suggest that the probability of a member making a full repayment would be 15 percentage points higher if all the other fellow members make full repayment compared to the case where none of the other members repay in full. We also find that large inconsistencies exist in the estimated effects of other variables in models that do not incorporate peer effects and control... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Microfinance; Repayment; Strategic default; International Development. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51699 |
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| Auty, Richard M.. |
| This paper starts out from the optimistic assumption that the basic policies for environmental economic development are known but uncertainties surround the speed of their adoption. In many developing countries the key obstacle is poor governance: consequently, renewable resources continue to be mined, non-renewable resources are depleted irresponsibly, and reductions in pollution intensity lag. Recent research identifies resource abundance as an important cause of policy failure. This is because the primary sector remains large in relation to GDP so that differences in the scale of natural resource rents (and in their socio-economic linkages) condition macro policy in important ways. Most developing countries are resource-rich, a condition that engenders... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24136 |
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| Elgali, Mohamed B.; Mustafa, Rajaa H.; Bauer, Siegfried. |
| The agricultural trade of the Sudan is expected to develop under the recent dramatic increase of world food prices. Sudan as one of the developing countries and as price taker on the world agricultural market has been affected greatly by the world price increase. This paper aims at studying the impact of the increasing world food prices on developments of the agricultural crops trade sector of Sudan. In this paper a multimarket model is used as the main tool to estimate the increase of the world food prices on the crop trade sector. Multi-market analysis is a tool for simulating the effects of agricultural price policies on outcomes considered of interest to policy makers. The model under consideration takes the normal specification of a standard partial... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Trade; Multi-market model; Sudan; International Development; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97067 |
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| Winarsih, Dwi; Sutanto; Augier, Laurent. |
| The condition of small-scale farmers in Indonesia is getting worse that is caused by an unfair low price that reflects to the low level of revenue for their income. This happens either because the dependency on trader/middlemen for selling the produce and the low accessibility of farmers to the market. The existence of auction mechanisms created by the Indonesian government auctions is still dominated by traders/middlemen, so that the increasing of prices have not affected to the farmers. Alternatively, by linking directly farmers to the auction mechanism will be analyzed in a descriptive and a qualitative ways from the point of view of price formation in the auction and the farmers’ determining factors to participate in the auction. The analysis conducts... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Small-scale Farmers; Auction mechanism; Price formation; Farmer’s motivation; International Development. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91946 |
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| Registros recuperados: 1.469 | |
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