|
|
|
| Registros recuperados: 30 | |
|
|
| Gatto, Marino; Politecnico di Milano; gatto@elet.polimi.it; Caizzi, Andrea; CESI, Business Unit Ambiente; caizzi@cesi.it; Rizzi, Luca; CESI, Business Unit Ambiente; rizziluca@virgilio.it; De Leo, Giulio A; Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell' Ambiente; deleo@dsa.unipr.it. |
| Despite recent advances, there is a high degree of uncertainty concerning the climate change that would result from increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. Also, opponents of the Kyoto Protocol raised the key objection that reducing emissions would impose an unacceptable economic burden on businesses and consumers. Based on an analysis of alternative scenarios for electricity generation in Italy, we show that if the costs in terms of damage to human health, material goods, agriculture, and the environment caused by greenhouse gas emissions are included in the balance, the economic argument against Kyoto is untenable. Most importantly, the argument holds true even if we exclude global external costs (those due to global warming), and account... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Cost-benefit analysis; Electric power generation; Environmental costs; Externalities; Greenhouse gasses; Italian economic impacts; Kyoto Protocol. |
| Ano: 2002 |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Sedjo, Roger A.. |
| A major problem being faced by human society is that the global temperature is believed to be rising due to human activity that releases carbon dioxide to the atmosphere; i.e., global warming. The major culprit is thought to be fossil fuel burning, which is releasing increasing amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The problem of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide can be addressed a number of ways. One of these is forestry and forest management. This paper examines a number of current issues related to mitigating the global warming problem through forestry. First, the overall carbon cycle is described, and the potential impact of forests on the buildup of atmospheric carbon is examined. A major focus is the means by which forests and forest... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Forests; Carbon; Sinks; Sequestration; Forest management; Kyoto Protocol; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q15; Q21; Q23; Q24. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10571 |
| |
|
|
| Jung, Martina. |
| In the present study, CDM host countries are classified according to their attractiveness for CDM non-sink projects. A cluster analysis is conducted based on three different factors determining host country attractiveness (mitigation potential, institutional CDM capacity and general investment climate) in order to elaborate a CDM host country classification. The results suggest that only a small proportion of potential host countries will attract most of the CDM investment. The CDM (non-sink) stars are China, India, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, South Africa, Indonesia and Thailand. They are followed by attractive countries like Costa Rica, Trinidad and Tobago, Mongolia, Panama, and Chile. While most of the promising CDM host countries are located in Latin... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Clean development mechanism; Kyoto Protocol; Attractiveness; Cluster analysis; Farm Management; Q25; C49. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26328 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Demailly, Damien; Quirion, Philippe. |
| We assess five proposals for the future of the EU greenhouse gas Emission Trading Scheme (ETS): pure grandfathering allocation of emission allowances (GF), output-based allocation (OB), auctioning (AU), auctioning with border adjustments (AU-BA), and finally output-based allocation in sectors exposed to international competition combined with auctioning in electricity generation (OB-AU). We look at the impact on production, trade, CO2 leakage and welfare. We use a partial equilibrium model of the EU 27 featuring three sectors covered by the EU ETS – cement, steel and electricity – plus the aluminium sector, which is indirectly impacted through a rise in electricity price. The leakage ratio, i.e. the increase in emissions abroad over the decrease in EU... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Emission Trading; Allowance Allocation; Leakage; Spillover; Climate Policy; Kyoto Protocol; Border Adjustment; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q5. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46623 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Toman, Michael; Morgenstern, Richard D.; Anderson, John W.. |
| This paper focuses on the economic desirability of the fixed and relatively short-term greenhouse gas targets and timetables in the Kyoto Protocol. The Protocol provides flexibility in which greenhouse gases to control, where control can be implemented, and what domestic policy measures are used. However, the Protocol does not allow much flexibility in when emission reductions take place in pursuit of longer-term environmental goals. Nor does it allow more flexible shorter-term environmental targets through price-based policy instruments that balance environmental goals and compliance costs. The relative inflexibility of the Protocol with respect to these elements may derive, in part, from a misplaced analogy between the global warming issue and the highly... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Climate change policy; Kyoto Protocol; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q28. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10763 |
| |
|
|
| Amano, Masahiro; Sedjo, Roger A.. |
| This report compares the approaches of the governments of Japan, Canada, and the European Union member countries toward using carbon sinks to meet their respective Kyoto Protocol carbon reduction targets. Various policies have been proposed by which governments can sequester carbon by promoting afforestation and reforestation, slowing deforestation, and undertaking forest management activities under Articles 3.3 and 3.4. At this time, carbon emissions reduction programs are still under development, both within individual countries and within the context of the protocol. Although some of the details have been worked out, concrete definitions are often still lacking, especially as regards impermanence of forests, additionality, leakage, and socioeconomic and... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Climate; Sinks; Kyoto Protocol; Forestry; Canada; Japan; European Union; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F01; Q23; Q28; Q48. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10913 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Sari, Agus. |
| The US has repeatedly criticized the lack of "meaningful participation" of developing countries in the Kyoto Protocol. I discuss the course of negotiations on developing country participation between the conferences at Kyoto in 1997 and Marrakech in 2001. The reluctance of developing countries to enter into discussions on quantitative emissions targets can be explained by the principle of "common, but differentiated responsibilities" enshrined in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the fact that both per capita cumulative emissions and per capita income are still much lower in developing countries than in the industrialized world. Moreover, the Clean Development Mechanism that generates emissions credits for projects in developing countries... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International climate policy; Kyoto Protocol; Developing countries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q540; Q560. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26302 |
| |
|
|
| Sippel, Maike. |
| Cities are not affected by global climate policy and the Kyoto Protocol - however many of them engage in voluntary activities. This paper analyses how communities in general and especially the city of Hamburg can contribute to global climate protection in their citypartnerships according to the slogan "think global, act local". Possible activities are in the fields of awareness-raising, capacity-building, exchange of experiences and joint project implementation. A focus is layed on projects according to the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol in north-south citypartnerships. There is a clear potential for reduction of transaction costs in this kind of projects due to the institutional links of the citypartnership. For Hamburg, CDM-potential... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: CDM; Citypartnership; Climate policy; Hamburg; Kyoto Protocol; Transaction costs; Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26247 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Stavins, Robert N.. |
| The Kyoto Protocol (1997) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992) may come into force without U.S. participation, but its effects on climate change will be trivial. At the same time, the economic and scientific consensus points to the need for a credible international approach. A reasonable starting point is the Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC), which was signed by 161 nations and ratified by 50, including the United States, and entered into force in 1994. In this paper, I remain agnostic on the question of the Kyoto Protocol's viability. Some analysts see the agreement as deeply flawed, while others see it as an acceptable or even excellent first step. But virtually everyone agrees that the Protocol is not... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Global climate change; Global warming; Policy architecture; Kyoto Protocol; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q54; Q58; Q48; Q39. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10720 |
| |
| Registros recuperados: 30 | |
|
|
|
