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| Registros recuperados: 11 | |
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| Tesfatsion, Leigh. |
| This study undertakes a systematic experimental investigation of hysteresis (path dependency) in an agent-based computational labor market framework. It is shown that capacity asymmetries between work suppliers and employers can result in two distinct hysteresis effects, network and behavioral, when work suppliers and employers interact strategically and evolve their worksite behaviors over time. These hysteresis effects result in persistent heterogeneity in earnings and employment histories across agents who have no observable structural differences. At a more global level, these hysteresis effects are shown to result in a one-to-many mapping between treatment factors and experimental outcomes. These hysteresis effects may help to explain why excess... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor markets; Network hysteresis; Behavioral hysteresis; Capacity asymmetries; Agent-based computational economics; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18189 |
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| Ranis, Gustav. |
| Arthur Lewis seminal 1954 paper and its emphasis on dualism appeared at a time when neither the work of Keynes or Harrod-Domar nor the later neoclassical production function of Solow seemed relevant for developing countries. As a consequence, his model, rooted in the classical tradition, plus its many extensions, generated an extensive literature at the center of development theory. The approach also encountered increasingly strong criticism, some of the red herring variety, but some, spearheaded by neoclassical microeconomists like Rosenzweig, also raised serious challenges, focused especially on its labor market assumptions. This paper reviews this landscape and asks what theoretical or policy relevance the Lewis model retains for todays developing... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Development theory; Dualism; Labor markets; International Development; O11. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28410 |
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| Ranis, Gustav. |
| The labor surplus economy model has as its basic premise the inability of unskilled agricultural labor markets to clear in countries with high man/land ratios. In such situations, the marginal product of labor is likely to fall below a bargaining wage, related to the average rather than the marginal product. The reallocation of such disguisedly unemployed workers by means of balanced intersectoral growth ultimately permits the entire economy to operate on neo-classical principles. Finally, the paper introduces open economy dimensions, indicates the existence of other labor surplus sub-sectors and briefly responds to neo-classical critiques on both theoretical and empirical grounds. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Development theory; Labor markets; Labor and Human Capital; O10; O12; O17. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28480 |
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| Evenson, Robert E.; Kimhi, Ayal; Desilva, Sanjaya. |
| Labor markets in all economies are subject to transaction costs associated with recruiting, monitoring and supervising workers. Rural labor markets in developing economies, where institutions such as labor and contract law and formal employment assistance mechanisms are not in place, are regarded to be particularly sensitive to transaction cost conditions. The inherent difficulty of measuring transaction costs has limited studies on this topic. In this paper, we analyze supervision activities reported in a cross-section survey of rice farmers in the Bicol region of the Philippines. This survey is unique because it provides supervision data at the farm task level. We present a simple optimization model in which supervision intensity increases the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Transaction costs; Supervision; Labor markets; Philippines; Crop Production/Industries; 013; D23; J43; Q12. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28467 |
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| Registros recuperados: 11 | |
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