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The Multiple Dimensions of Rural Forests: Lessons from a Comparative Analysis Ecology and Society
Nasi, Robert; CIFOR, Indonesia; r.nasi@cgiar.org.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis Palavras-chave: Local practices and knowledge; Multiple uses; Multivariate analyses; State and customary rules; Rural forests.
Ano: 2013
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Caractérisation empirique et détaillée des captures : Contribution à l'approche écosystémique des pêches ArchiMer
Fauconnet, Laurence.
The ecosystem approach of sheries requires to rethink sheries management at integrated scales. Knowledge on shing pressure at the community level remains limited while pressure is the lever by which management operates. This work aims at characterizing in detail catches, that is indirectly shing pressure, and to link its components to different management objectives. For doing so, this work relies on analyses of at-sea observer data. The ecosystem approach of sheries requires to rethink sheries management at integrated scales. Knowledge on shing pressure at the community level remains limited while pressure is the lever by which management operates. This work aims at characterizing in detail catches, that is indirectly shing pressure, and to link its...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Pression de peche; Metriques de diversite; Rejets; Communautes marines; Gestion ecosystemique des peches; Selectivite; Observations a bord des navires de peche professionnelle; Comparaison d'engins; Analyses multivariees.; Shing pressure; Diversity metrics; Discards; Marine communities; Ecosystem approach to fisheries; Selectivity; Observations onboard professionnal fishing vessels; Gear comparison; Multivariate analyses.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00256/36717/35331.pdf
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A new application of principal response curves for summarizing abrupt and cyclic shifts of communities over space ArchiMer
Auber, Arnaud; Travers-trolet, Morgane; Villanueva, Ching-maria; Ernande, Bruno.
There is a growing need to easily describe and synthesize the dynamics of ecosystems’ components in space and time. Most multivariate analyses provide ordination diagrams or biplots that are too cluttered to allow simple reading and are unfamiliar to most users. To overcome such difficulties, a novel application of principal response curves (PRCs) is proposed. Principal response curves are traditionally used to assess treatment effects on community structure measured repeatedly over time. In this new application, the tested factor and the repeated-observation axis are replaced by time and space, respectively. The georeferencing of sampling sites permits to produce an easy-to-read map that summarizes both the temporal dynamics of the community and the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Fish communities; Multivariate analyses; Partial redundancy analysis; Spatial management tools; Spatio-temporal dynamics.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00413/52478/53266.pdf
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Characterizing catches taken by different gears as a step towards evaluating fishing pressure on fish communities ArchiMer
Fauconnet, Laurence; Trenkel, Verena M.; Morandeau, Gilles; Caill-milly, Nathalie; Rochet, Marie-joelle.
To implement an ecosystem approach to fisheries management, there is a need to characterize the total pressure exerted by fisheries at the community level. French onboard observer data were used to derive catch metrics and compare fishing distribution across community components between two sites in the Southern Bay of Biscay. Sample-based rarefaction curves were used to standardize metrics across different active and passive gears, and correct for sample size differences. Six metrics for species, length and functional catch composition were tested. Length and functional metrics were found the most relevant metrics to highlight differences in catches between gears, sites, and gear-site interactions. Significant differences were found between gears, mainly...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Catch diversity; Gear comparison; Multivariate analyses; Southern Bay of Biscay.
Ano: 2015 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00248/35882/34468.pdf
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Fairly processing rare and common species in multivariate analysis of ecological series - Application to macrobenthic communities from Algiers harbour ArchiMer
Mante, Claude; Claudet, Joachim; Rebzani Zahaf, C.
Systematic sampling of communities gives rise to large contingency tables summing up possible changes in the assemblages' structure. Such tables are generally analysed by multivariate statistical methods, which are ill-suited for simultaneously analysing rare and common species (Field et al., 1982). In order to separately process species belonging to either of these categories, we propose a statistical method to select common species in a sequence of ecological surveys. It is based on a precise definition of rarity, and depends on a rarity parameter. In this work, this parameter will be optimised so that the sub-table of common species captures the essential features of the complete table as well as possible. In this way we analysed the spatio-temporal...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Hellinger distance; Pollution; Algiers harbour; Multivariate analyses; Macrobenthic communities; Selection; Rare species.
Ano: 2003 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-754.pdf
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Role of environmental factors for the vertical distribution (0-1000 m) of marine bacterial communities in the NW Mediterranean Sea ArchiMer
Ghiglione, J. F.; Palacios, C.; Marty, J. C.; Mevel, G.; Labrune, C.; Conan, P.; Pujo-pay, M.; Garcia, N.; Goutx, M..
Bacterioplankton plays a central role in energy and matter fluxes in the sea, yet the factors that constrain its variation in marine systems are still poorly understood. Here we use the explanatory power of direct multivariate gradient analysis to evaluate the driving forces exerted by environmental parameters on bacterial community distribution in the water column. We gathered and analysed data from a one month sampling period from the surface to 1000m depth at the JGOFS-DYFAMED station (NW Mediterranean Sea). This station is characterized by very poor horizontal advection currents which makes it an ideal model to test hypotheses on the causes of vertical stratification of bacterial communities. Capillary electrophoresis single strand conformation...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Free living bacteria; Ribosomal RNA genes; Strand conformation polymorphism; Flame ionization detection; Dissolved organic carbon; 16S RDNA; Microbial diversity; Lipid classes; Phytoplankton dynamics; Multivariate analyses.
Ano: 2008 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00208/31974/30409.pdf
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Fishing strategy development under changing conditions: examples from the French offshore fleet fishing in the North Atlantic ArchiMer
Holley, Jean-francois; Marchal, Paul.
A typology is presented for the French offshore fleet fishing in the North Atlantic. The investigation was carried out separately for all years between 1985 and 2002. Two methods were combined: PCA and cluster analysis. In 1985, most vessels targeted saithe off western Scotland (vessels from Lorient) and in the northern North Sea (vessels from Boulogne and Fecamp). Then, probably because of the decline in biomass of saithe, some vessels started to target deepwater species from the early 1990s. In 2002, some vessels fished exclusively for saithe (>80%), while others targeted mainly deepwater species. In all, 12 fisheries are identified for the period 1985-2002. Results are given of a preliminary investigation trying to identify the external factors...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Saithe; Multivariate analyses; Mixed fisheries; Fishing strategy; Fisheries dynamics; Deepwater species.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-384.pdf
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Serpocaulon × manizalense: a new hybrid between simple- and pinnate-leaved species of Serpocaulon (Polypodiaceae) from Colombia Naturalis
Sanín, D.; Torrez, V..
During a revision of Serpocaulon from Colombia, a new hybrid was found between S. adnatum and S. levigatum near to Manizales city, which is described and illustrated herein. Qualitative and quantitative spore and macro-morphological characters were evaluated using principal component analyses to distinguish the new taxon. Our results suggest that the perispore with leasura, lamina width, rhizome diameter, blade dissection and number of pinnae are important characters to distinguish S. × manizalense. This is the first record of a hybrid between a simple and pinnate-leaved species in Serpocaulon, which is considered to be Critically Endangered (CR).
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Endangered fern; Hybridization; Multivariate analyses; Serpocaulon adnatum; Serpocaulon levigatum.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/524777
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Impact of castor meal on root-knot and free-living nematodes Scientia Agricola
Ritzinger,Cecilia Helena Silvino Prata; De Ley,Paul; Ploeg,Antoon Teunis; McSorley,Robert; Tandingan De Ley,Irma.
Soil amendment may enhance soil quality as well as reduce plant-parasitic nematode. Despite the many applications already undertaken using castor meal, its efficiency in controlling root-knot nematodes (RKN, Meloidogyne incognita) when applied to melon (Cucumis melo) is still not clear. Three different amounts of castor meal (Ricinus communis) applied were evaluated in microplots planted with melon either with or without RKN. The impact of castor meal on soil free-living nematode communities was also determined. Total nematode genera richness was estimated as 37 for the entire set of microplots sampled across both sampling dates. Rarefaction analysis resulted in 12 collector's curves out of the total of 30 that reached the horizontal asymptote. Univariate...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bray-Curtis similarity measure; Nematode community; Trophic group; Univariate; Multivariate analyses.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162014000400003
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Fee - fishing operation evaluation at Nothwest São Paulo State, Brazil Scientia Agricola
Lopes,Ruy Bessa; Landell Filho,Luiz de Carvalho; Dias,Carlos Tadeu dos Santos.
Fee-fishing operations developed recently in Brazilian agricultural scenery in a rather disordered manner. This study, carried out at the northwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil, focuses on the productive performance of fee-fishing system. Several visits were made monthly to nine fee-fishing establishments, for six months. A questionnaire by owners targeting 13 indicators of the operation's productive performance. Data were submitted to multivariate analysis (MANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. MANOVA indicated significant differences between the fee-fishing operations. The PCA analyses indicated, from the higher coefficient eigenvectors, three attributes for the lakes, such as productive system, fishery management and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Fish; Multivariate analyses; Productive system; Lakes.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162005000600013
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Genetic diversity in common bean accessions evaluated by means of morpho-agronomical and RAPD data Scientia Agricola
Chiorato,Alisson Fernando; Carbonell,Sérgio Augusto Morais; Benchimol,Luciana Lasry; Chiavegato,Marilia Barbosa; Dias,Luiz Antonio dos Santos; Colombo,Carlos Augusto.
Germplasm banks store genotype samples, improved varieties, landraces and wild species, all generically denominated accessions. The importance of characterizing germplasm banks is based on the identification and knowledge of relevant traits for genetic improvement and ex situ germplasm conservation. Thus, the present study had as aim the evaluation of the genetic diversity among 220 accessions of a Brazilian common bean germplasm bank of the "Instituto Agronômico de Campinas" (IAC) by means of 23 morpho-agronomical descriptors and 19 RAPD loci. These accessions correspond to genotypes from the Andean and Middle American gene pool as well as from cultivars derived from common bean improvement programs. The Middle American accessions and the improved...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris; Germplasm bank; Botanical descriptors; Multivariate analyses.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162007000300007
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DNA fingerprinting based on SSR amplification profiles for Piper species identification (Piperaceae) Acta Botanica
Christ,Jheniffer Abeldt; Hollunder,Renan Köpp; Carvalho,Marina Santos; Ferreira,Marcia Flores da Silva; Garbin,Mário Luís; Carrijo,Tatiana Tavares.
ABSTRACT DNA fingerprinting based on SSR amplification profiles was applied to native species of Piper from the Atlantic Forest to compare the utility of this type of molecular marker with the morphological characters traditionally applied in Piper taxonomy and identification. Fifty-one SSR markers developed for four species of Piper native to Asia and Mesoamerica were applied to 16 species, together with 63 morphological characters, for species characterization. Molecular and morphological data were analysed by cluster analysis, followed by a cluster sharpness test and the construction of a heat map to visualize the association of characters with species groups. A multivariate regression tree determined the number of loci needed for species...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Heat map; Microsatellites; Morphology; Multivariate analyses; Taxonomy.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062018000400511
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Influence of environmental variation on Atlantic Forest tree-shrub-layer phytogeography in southeast Brazil Acta Botanica
Nettesheim,Felipe Cito; Menezes,Luis Fernando Tavares de; Carvalho,Daniel Costa de; Conde,Marilena Menezes Silva; Araujo,Dorothy Sue Dunn de.
This work assessed data from 32 forest sites in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, Brazil, using multivariate analysis to answer the question: Are there floristic patterns of the Atlantic Forest tree-shrub layer related to the Serra do Mar and the width of coastal plains in the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo? Three multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between the tree-shrub flora and environmental variation in these 32 study areas. Our analyses demonstrated the influence of geo-climatic variation on floristic differentiation of tree and shrub species in Atlantic Forest regions generating groups of areas based on similar biotic and abiotic characteristics. These groups support the existence of floristic patterns within the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Atlantic rain forest; Floristic composition; Multivariate analyses; Phytogeography.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062010000200007
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Genetic divergence among maize hybrids by morphological descriptors Bragantia
Rigon,João Paulo Gonsiorkiewicz; Capuani,Silvia; Rigon,Carlos Alberto Gonsiorkiewicz.
Two experiments with 25 maize commercial hybrids were carried out in a direct sowing system in Southern Brazil in the harvests of 2009/2010 and 2010/2011. Quantitative descriptors were used with the objective of determining the genetic divergence and the relative contributions of traits among hybrids for extraction of inbred lines. This study was carried out in Oxisol soil using a randomized block design with four replicates. Data were subjected to combined analysis of variance, and based on the multivariate analyses, Tocher and average linkage (UPGMA) cluster analyses, based on generalized distance of Mahalanobis, to quantify divergence in addition to Singh criterion to validate trait with the most contribution. The multivariate methods were consistent...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Divergence quantitative descriptors; Multivariate analyses; Zea mays.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052015000200156
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