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Registros recuperados: 29
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Climate Change and Individual Decision Making: An Examination of Knowledge, Risk Perception, Self-interest and Their Interplay AgEcon
Pongiglione, Francesca.
In this essay, three separate yet interconnected components of pro-environmental decision making are considered: (a) knowledge, in the form of basic scientific understanding and procedural knowledge, (b) risk perception, as it relates to an individual’s direct experience of climate change and (c) self-interest, either monetary or status-driven. Drawing on a variety of sources in public policy, psychology, and economics, I examine the role of these concepts in inducing or discouraging pro-environmental behavior. Past researches have often overemphasized the weight of just one of those variables in the decision making. I argue, instead, that none of them alone is capable of bringing about the behavioral change required by the environmental crisis. Evidence...
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Individual Behavior; Climate-Change; Psychology; Uncertainty; Environmental Economics and Policy; D03; D80; Q00.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119094
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Do Community Characteristics Determine Environmental Outcomes? Evidence from the Toxics Release Inventory AgEcon
Arora, Seema; Cason, Timothy N..
This research uses neighborhood characteristics (at the zipcode level) to explain changes in toxic releases between 1990 and 1993. It combines the Toxics Release Inventory data with demographic data from the 1990 US Census. We first analyze the location of manufacturing facilities in a particular neighborhood using a sample selection model, and then attribute changes in the level of emissions between 1990 and 1993 to the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the neighborhood in 1990. The results indicate that variables likely to affect the propensity for communities to engage in political action significantly influence environmental performance. Economic characteristics of neighborhoods (such as income levels and unemployment) also affect...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Q00.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10531
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The Roles of the Environment and Natural Resources in Economic Growth Analysis AgEcon
Toman, Michael.
The primary aim of this paper is pedagogical. We first present and discuss a "wiring diagram" framework in order to elucidate the general links between economic growth and "natural capital." After developing the general framework, we develop parallel frameworks applicable to several specific sectors of the economy (agriculture, forestry, and manufacturing). Two appendices provide a mathematical formulation of the economy-wide framework and a brief historical review of the role of natural resources and the environment in economic growth theory.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Natural resources; Sustainable development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q00; O1.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10510
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Issues at the Forefront of Public Policy for Environmental Risk: Comments for the American Meteorological Society's Annual Policy Colloquium AgEcon
MacAuley, Molly K..
The lay of the policy land for addressing and managing environmental risk includes the hillock of the precautionary principle, the mountain of the practice and ethics of monetary valuation, and the tectonic plates of real-world innovations in markets and trading exchanges for nonmarketed environmental goods. This paper offers an overview of these contemporary and as yet unresolved issues and asks how each might be addressed in disparate environmental risks such as lightning, climate change, and severe weather. The overview focuses on issues that may be of interest to the American Meteorological Society's annual policy colloquium.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Risk; Environment; Public policy; Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q00; D89.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10494
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Distributional effects of direct payments in Switzerland AgEcon
El Benni, Nadja; Mann, Stefan; Lehmann, Bernard.
The switch from market-support to direct payments in Switzerland had impacts on the income distribution among farmers. In this paper, the distributional effect of the switch as a whole and of the different kinds of direct payments are elaborated through a presentation of different decomposed Gini coefficients. Although the income distribution in Swiss Agriculture is still more equal than in most other countries, the Gini coefficient has risen from 0.27 in 1990 to 0.38 in 2009 and is by now strongly dependent on the composition of direct payments. Off-farm income and direct payments decrease, while market income increases income inequality.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Income distribution; Direct payments; Gini decomposition; Agricultural policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q00; Q18; Q28..
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99368
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The Certainty of Confronting Uncertainty in the Chesapeake Bay Restoration Effort AgEcon
Hershner, Carlton.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Environmental Restoration; TMDL; Chesapeake Bay; Adaptive Management; Uncertainty; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q00; Q01; Q20; Q28.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117401
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Equity and Justice in Global Warming Policy AgEcon
Kverndokk, Snorre; Rose, Adam Z..
Many countries are implementing or at least considering policies to counter increasingly certain negative impacts from climate change. An increasing amount of research has been devoted to the analysis of the costs of climate change and its mitigation, as well as to the design of policies, such as the international Kyoto Protocol, post-Kyoto negotiations, regional initiatives, and unilateral actions. Although most studies on climate change policies in economics have considered efficiency aspects, there is a growing literature on equity and justice. Climate change policy has important dimensions of distributive justice, both within and across generations, but in this paper we survey only studies on the intragenerational aspect, i.e., within a generation. We...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Economics of Climate Change; Intragenerational Equity; Distributive Justice; Environmental Economics and Policy; D62; D63; H23; H41; Q00.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44230
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U.S. FARM BILL RESOURCES AND PROGRAMS FOR BEGINNING FARMERS AgEcon
Sureshwaran, Suresh; Ritchie, Stephanie.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Beginning Farmer and Rancher; Farm Bill; Conservation; USDA; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Q00; Q10.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109476
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A Comparative Study of China's and Australia's Cotton Production AgEcon
Zhao, Xufu; Tisdell, Clement A..
After providing information about the global importance of cotton as a textile and China’s and Australia’s contribution to global cotton production, this paper examines and compares trends in the time-series of cotton production of China and Australia for the period 1980-2007. In doing so, it takes account of changes in the area planted with cotton and its yield. Correlation estimates and decomposition analysis are used to determine the relative contribution to variations in the total output of cotton of changes in the total area planted with cotton and its yield in both countries. These relative contributions are found to be quite different for Australia and China. In addition, there is a comparative analysis of fluctuations in the production of cotton,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Australia; Agricultural economics; China; Cotton production; Cotton supply responses; Fibre markets; Fluctuations in agricultural production; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade; Q00; Q10; Q11; Q13; Q18; Q19.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90622
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UK Sugar Beet Farm Productivity Under Different Reform Scenarios: A Farm Level Analysis AgEcon
Renwick, Alan W.; Revoredo-Giha, Cesar; Reader, Mark A..
The purpose of this paper is to study the effect that the imminent reform in the European Union (EU) sugar regime may have on farm productivity in the United Kingdom (UK). We perform the analysis on a sample of sugar beet farms representative of all the UK sugar beet regions. To estimate the changes in productivity, we estimate a multi-output cost function representing the cropping part of the farm, which is the component that would be mostly affected by the sugar beet reform. We use this cost function to compute the new allocation of outputs and inputs after the changes in the sugar beet quota and price support. This are subsequently used to compute measures of total factor productivity. Our results show slight decreases in the productivity at the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: EU sugar reform; UK agriculture; UK sugar beet production; Multi-output cost function; Total factor productivity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Productivity Analysis; Q00; D24.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24665
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Risk and Aversion in the Integrated Assessment of Climate Change AgEcon
Crost, Benjamin; Traeger, Christian P..
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Climate change; Uncertainty; Integrated assessment; Risk aversion; Intertemporal substitution; Recursive utility; Dynamic programming; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54; Q00; D90; C63.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90935
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Invasive Species and Delaying the Inevitable: Results from a Pilot Valuation Experiment AgEcon
McIntosh, Christopher R.; Shogren, Jason F.; Finnoff, David C..
Herein we explore the economic value of delaying inevitable environmental damage due to aquatic invasive species, which is a problem especially relevant to tropic and subtropical regions. We developed an analytical framework and tested it using a stated preference survey. The results suggest that delaying the impacts can be valuable. Other tests reveal characteristics of the willingness-to-pay estimates that are consistent with economic theory.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Environmental damage; Invasive aquatic species; Nonmarket valuation; Q00; Q29; Q29.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37127
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BEHAVIOURS OF CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS. Analysis based on New (and not so new) Institutional Economics AgEcon
Tisdell, Clement A..
This article draws mostly (but not entirely) on new institutional economics to consider the likely behaviours of non-government conservation organizations and the implications of these behaviours for biodiversity conservation. It considers how institutional factors may result in behaviour of conservation NGOs diverging from their objectives, including their support for biodiversity conservation; examines aspects of rent capture and conservation alliances; specifies social factors that may restrict the diversity of species supported by NGOs for conservation; considers bounded rationality in relation to the operation of conservation NGOs; and using game theory, shows how competition between NGOs for funding can result in economic inefficiencies and narrow...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Australia; Biodiversity conservation; Bounded rationality; Civil society; Common Agricultural Policy; European Union; Landcare; Mixed goods; New institutional economics; New Zealand; NGOs; Principal-and-agent problem; Political acceptability; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; Q00; Q2; Q5; Q57; Z13.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6185
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The Social Discount Rate under Intertemporal Risk Aversion and Ambiguity AgEcon
Traeger, Christian P..
The social discount rate crucially determines optimal mitigation policies. This paper examines two shortcomings of the recent debate and the models on climate change assessment. First, removing an implicit assumption of (intertemporal) risk neutrality reduces the growth effect in social discounting and significantly amplifies the importance of risk and correlation. Second, debate and models largely overlook the difference in attitude with respect to risk and with respect to non-risk uncertainty. The paper derives the resulting changes of the risk-free and the stochastic social discount rate and points out the importance of even thin tailed uncertainty for climate change evaluation.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Ambiguity; Discounting; Expected utility; Intertemporal substitutability; Intertemporal risk aversion; Recursive utility; Risk aversion; Social discount rate; Uncertainty; Political Economy; Risk and Uncertainty; D61; D81; D90; H43; Q00; Q54.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55785
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Resultados economicos y riesgo en los citricos de la Comunidad Valenciana AgEcon
el Kamel, Helmi Ahmed; Garcia Alvarez-Coque, Jose-Maria.
SUMMARY: The purpose of this paper is to outline and adapt Sharpe's model to the agricultural activities as well as to measure the performance of crops when yield and risk are considered. The model is applied to the main varieties of citrus fruits in Valencia. For them, systematic and specific risks are measured and the yield índex elasticities are quantified. Applying performance rates, we determine the economic yields of citrus varieties in the 1985-1997 period. In the same way, we focus on its management based on the previously outlines criteria. Key Words: Risk, performance, crops programming RESUMEN: En este trabajo se presenta el modelo de Sharpe adaptado al campo de la producción agraria así como los métodos de medida de los resultados económicos...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Risk; Performance; Crops programming; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; Q00; R3.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28785
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Alternative Model Selection Using Forecast Error Variance Decompositions in Wholesale Chicken Markets AgEcon
McKenzie, Andrew M.; Goodwin, Harold L., Jr.; Carreira, Rita I..
Although Vector Autoregressive models are commonly used to forecast prices, specification of these models remains an issue. Questions that arise include choice of variables and lag length. This article examines the use of Forecast Error Variance Decompositions to guide the econometrician’s model specification. Forecasting performance of Variance Autoregressive models, generated from Forecast Error Variance Decompositions, is analyzed within wholesale chicken markets. Results show that the Forecast Error Variance Decomposition approach has the potential to provide superior model selections to traditional Granger Causality tests.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Broiler markets; DAGs; Forecasting; Market structure; VAR; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; C53; D4; L1; Q00.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48750
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Technological Change and the Environment AgEcon
Jaffe, Adam B.; Newell, Richard G.; Stavins, Robert N..
Environmental policy discussions increasingly focus on issues related to technological change. This is partly because the environmental consequences of social activity are frequently affected by the rate and direction of technological change, and partly because environmental policy interventions can themselves create constraints and incentives that have significant effects on the path of technological progress. This paper, prepared as a chapter draft for the forthcoming Handbook of Environmental Economics (North-Holland/Elsevier Science), summarizes current thinking on technological change in the broader economics literature, surveys the growing economic literature on the interaction between technology and the environment, and explores the normative...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Technological change; Induced innovation; Environment; Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O30; Q00.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10566
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Comportamiento de los sectores de la industria alimentaria desde la perspectiva de las tasas de absorcion interna AgEcon
Rios, Merce Sala.
Resumen: El presente trabajo analiza la evolución de la industria alimentaria de la economía española a lo largo del período 1986-1998. El objetivo es llegar a conclusiones acerca de la especialización productiva, la demanda y los intercambios con el exterior. Conclusiones que se abordan a nivel sectorial. Ello es así desde el momento en que se ha desglosado la industria alimentaria en 12 sectores que serán sobre los que se trabajará. En definitiva, se trata de evaluar los principales cambios en la estructura de mercado de los distintos sectores mediante el análisis de un modelo contable que parte de la igualdad entre recursos y empleos. Dicho modelo nos permitirá aproximar conceptos como la tasa de absorción, la tasa de apertura, la tasa de penetración y...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; L22; Q00; L22; Q00.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28784
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La nueva economía institucional y la economía de los recursos naturales: comunes, instituciones, gobernanza y cambio institucional AgEcon
Caballero-Miguez, Gonzalo; Garza-Gil, Maria Dolores.
In recent decades, the New Institutional Economics has brought about the “return of institutions” to the economic mainstream, and institutional theory and analysis have been developed from Ronald Coase’s notion of transaction costs and Douglass North’s view on institutions. The Nobel Prize award in Economics to Oliver Williamson and Elinor Ostrom in 2009 has pointed out the relevance of the new institutional approach. Natural Resource Economics has included the institutional determinants of the management of natural resources into its research agenda. In this sense, the advances of the New Institutional Economics allows the development of institutional analysis in the field of the Economics of Natural Resources, such as Elinor Ostrom’s work has shown. This...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; B52; Q00; L22.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99096
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CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES PROVIDED BY SEASONAL CLIMATE FORECASTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW AgEcon
Hill, Harvey S.J.; Mjelde, James W..
Use of seasonal climate forecasts is a rapidly evolving area. Effective research and application of climate forecasts require close cooperation between scientists in diverse disciplines and decision makers. Successful collaboration requires all players to at least partially understand each other's perspectives. Issues associated with seasonal forecasts, through a selected review of both physical and social sciences literature, is presented. Our hope is that the review will improve research in this area by stimulating further collaborations.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Climate forecasts; Review; Value of information; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D80; D81; O30; Q00.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15071
Registros recuperados: 29
Primeira ... 12 ... Última
 

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