SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Species-specific mechanisms of cytotoxicity toward immune cells determine the successful outcome of Vibrio infections

Rolland, Jean-luc; Medhioub, Walid; Vergnes, Agnes; Abi-khalil, Celina; Savar, Veronique; Abadie, Eric; Masseret, Estelle; Amzil, Zouher; Laabir, Mohamed.

To better understand the effect of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins (PSTs) accumulation in the digestive gland of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, we experimentally exposed individual oysters for 48 h to a PSTs producer, the dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella. In comparison to the effect of the non-toxic Alexandrium tamarense, on the eight apoptotic related genes tested, Bax and BI.1 were significantly upregulated in oysters exposed 48 h to A. catenella. Among the five detoxification related genes tested, the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP1A) was shown to be correlated with toxin concentration in the digestive gland of oysters exposed to the toxic dinoflagellate. Beside this, we observed a significant increase in ROS production, a decrease in...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Toxin; Biomarker; Expression; Phytoplankton.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00225/33606/32003.pdf

Paralytic shellfish poison outbreaks in the Penze estuary: Environmental factors affecting toxin uptake in the oyster, Crassostrea gigas

Rubio, Tristan; Oyanedel, Daniel; Labreuche, Yannick; Toulza, Eve; Luo, Xing; Bruto, Maxime; Chaparro, Cristian; Torres, Marta; De Lorgeril, Julien; Haffner, Philippe; Vidal-dupiol, Jeremie; Lagorce, Arnaud; Petton, Bruno; Mitta, Guillaume; Jacq, Annick; Le Roux, Frederique; Charriere, Guillaume; Destoumieux-garzon, Delphine.

Vibrio species cause infectious diseases in humans and animals, but they can also live as commensals within their host tissues. How Vibrio subverts the host defenses to mount a successful infection remains poorly understood, and this knowledge is critical for predicting and managing disease. Here, we have investigated the cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning infection and colonization of 2 virulent Vibrio species in an ecologically relevant host model, oyster, to study interactions with marine Vibrio species. All Vibrio strains were recognized by the immune system, but only nonvirulent strains were controlled. We showed that virulent strains were cytotoxic to hemocytes, oyster immune cells. By analyzing host and bacterial transcriptional...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: T6SS; Toxin; Dual RNA-seq; Cytolysis; Pathogenesis.

Ano: 2019

URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00507/61837/65900.pdf

The toxins of marine microalgae

Lassus, Patrick; Baron, Regis; Garen, Pierre; Truquet, Philippe; Masselin, Pierre; Bardouil, Michele; Leguay, Didier; Amzil, Zouher.

Several experiments using a self-regulated system were conducted to define the factors likely to influence the uptake of paralytic shellfish poison (PSP) by oysters in the Penze estuary (France, Brittany). Each 4-day experiment was carried out in a recirculated sea water system using 15 Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) separated from each other and supplied with unfiltered natural seawater containing alternatively toxic (Alexandrium minutum) or non-toxic (Skeletonema costatum) algal diets. The food supply and exposure times to toxic diets were determined according to field studies of the Upstream and downstream movement of patches containing A. minutum. The experimental parameters corresponded roughly to the hydrological conditions generally observed in...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Experimental contamination; Oyster toxicity; Dinophyceae; Toxin; PSP.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-400.pdf

Marcaillou-le Baut, Claire.

Exotoxins exert direct deleterious effects on flora and fauna: Some of them damage the cellular membrane, others have inhibiting effects on phytoplanktonic populations susceptible to coming into competition. In terms of pollution, exotoxins are especially a significant menace for aquaculture and although some are also bothersome for Man, we will not treat them here. Endotoxins accumulate in the food chain and reach humans via consumed sea products. They constitute a potential risk for human health and a scourge for the shellfish farming economy.

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Molecular structure; Toxicogenesis; Phycotoxyn; Toxin; Marine micro algae.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-2323.pdf

Toxicity to bivalve hemocytes of pathogenic Vibrio cytoplasmic extract

Lambert, Christian; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Bultel, Valérie.

Using a chemiluminescence (CL) test, it had been previously demonstrated that Vibrio pectenicida, which is pathogenic to Pecten maximus larvae, was able to inhibit completely the CL activity of P, maximus hemocytes and partially inhibit those of Crassostrea gigas, Conversely, a Vibrio sp, strain, S322, pathogenic to C,gigas larvae was more active in reducing the CL activity of oyster hemocytes than of scallop hemocytes, Using this same CL biotest, V, pectenicida and S322 cytoplasmic extracts were shown to reproduce CL inhibition while the cytoplasmic extract of a nonpathogenic strain (U1, Pseudoalteromonas) was without effect. Moreover, cytoplasmic extract as well as live V, pectenicida cells provoked, within a few hours, death of P. maximus hemocytes...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Hemocyte; Toxin; Chemiluminescence; Crassostrea gigas; Pecten maximus; Vibrio pectenicida.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-466.pdf

Phycotoxin monitoring in France : risk-based strategy and main results (2006-2008)

Belin, Catherine; Amzil, Zouher.

Toxin monitoring is carried out along the coasts of France by a national network, REPHY, which is the National Monitoring Network for Phytoplankton and Phycotoxins. Sampling strategy differs according to the type of zone coastal or offshore and to the family of toxins. For PSP and ASP toxins, monitoring is based on the detection of toxic phytoplankton species. For lipophilic toxins, a systematic analysis of toxins is performed in risk areas during high risk periods. Experimental monitoring for palytoxins has also been conducted along the Mediterranean coast since 2007. The total number of toxin analyses is in the order of 2500 to 3000 per year. The detailed results for each family of toxins showed that the most frequent toxic events for the period from...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Monitoring; Phytoplankton; Toxin; Sampling; Shellfish; French coasts.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00077/18821/16398.pdf

The paralytic shellfish toxin, saxitoxin, enters the cytoplasm and induces apoptosis of oyster immune cells through a caspase-dependent pathway

Abikhalil, Celina; Finkelstein, Darren S.; Conejero, Genevieve; Du Bois, Justin; Destoumieux-garzon, Delphine; Rolland, Jean-luc.

Exposure of the toxin-producing dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella (A. catenella) was previously demonstrated to cause apoptosis of hemocytes in the oyster species Crassostrea gigas. In this work, a coumarin-labeled saxitoxin appeared to spread throughout the cytoplasm of the hemocytes. PSTs, including saxitoxin, were also shown to be directly responsible for inducing apoptosis in hemocytes, a process dependent on caspase activation and independent of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. A series of in vitro labeling and microscopy experiments revealed that STX and analogs there of induced nuclear condensation, phosphatidylserine exposure, membrane permeability, and DNA fragmentation of hemocytes. Unlike in vertebrates, gonyautoxin-5 (GTX5), which...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Toxin; Harmful algae; Phytoplankton.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00391/50272/50905.pdf

PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TOXINS FROM WHEAT ISOLATES OF Drechslera tritici-repentis, Bipolaris bicolor, AND Bipolaris sorokiniana

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins

BACH,E. E.; KIMATI,H..

Low molecular weight metabolites produced by Bipolaris bicolor, Bipolaris sorokiniana, and Drechslera tritici-repentis are considered to be toxins that facilitate disease in wheat cultivars. Several such toxins were isolated from these fungi. Electrophoresis demonstrated bands of proteins that reduced shoot inhibition in susceptible plants but not in resistant plants. Chlorophyll content was reduced during the first 10 hours of light in the susceptible plants and after 18 hours in the resistant plants. The enzyme beta-1,3-glucanase increased in the resistant plants after treatment with toxins, but in the susceptible plants this enzyme decreased compared to the control. This suggests that the toxin was a protein and the susceptible plants needed other...

Characterization of Leiurus abdullahbayrami (Scorpiones: Buthidae) venom: peptide profile, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity

Palavras-chave: Toxin; Wheat pathogens; Protein toxin.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-79301999000200006

Erdeş,Efe; Doğan,Tuğba Somay; Coşar,İlhan; Danışman,Tarık; Kunt,Kadir Boğaç; Şeker,Tamay; Yücel,Meral; Özen,Can.

Background Scorpion venoms are rich bioactive peptide libraries that offer promising molecules that may lead to the discovery and development of new drugs.Leiurus abdullahbayrami produces one of the most potent venoms among Turkish scorpions that provokes severe symptoms in envenomated victims.Methods In the present study, the peptide profile of the venom was investigated by electrophoretic methods, size-exclusion and reversed-phase chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Cytotoxic and antimicrobial effects were evaluated on a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and various bacterial and fungal species.Results Proteins make up approximately half of the dry weight of L. abdullahbayrami crude venom. Microfluidic capillary electrophoresis indicated the presence of...

Anticancer potential of nanogold conjugated toxin GNP-NN-32 from Naja naja venom

Palavras-chave: Scorpion venom; Toxin; Peptide; Leiurus abdullahbayrami; Microfluidic capillary; Electrophoresis; Peptidomics; Venomics; Cytotoxicity; Antimicrobial activity; Turkey.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992014000200338

Attarde,Saurabh S.; Pandit,Sangeeta V..

Abstract Background: Cancer is the second most common fatal disease in the world, behind cardiovascular disorders in the first place. It accounts for around 0.3 million deaths per year in India due to the lack of proper diagnostic facilities, prevention and treatment. Current therapeutic methods do not provide adequate protection and affect normal cells along with cancerous ones. Thus, there is a need for some alternative therapeutic strategy, preferably from natural products, which have been traditionally used for treatment of various diseases in the country. Methods: In this study, we have conjugated purified NN-32 toxin from Naja naja venom with gold nanoparticles and its anticancer potential was evaluated against human breast cancer cell lines....

Heterologous expression, protein folding and antibody recognition of a neurotoxin from the Mexican coral snake Micrurus laticorallis

Palavras-chave: GNP-NN-32; Anticancer; Toxin; Naja naja; Venom; Breast cancer; MCF-7; MDA-MB-231.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992020000100304

Clement,Herlinda; Flores,Vianey; la Rosa,Guillermo De; Zamudio,Fernando; Alagon,Alejandro; Corzo,Gerardo.

Abstract Background The cysteine-rich neurotoxins from elapid venoms are primarily responsible for human and animal envenomation; however, their low concentration in the venom may hamper the production of efficient elapid antivenoms. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to produce fully active elapid neurotoxic immunogens for elapid antivenom production. Method Cysteine-rich neurotoxins showed recombinant expression in two strains of E. coli, and were purified using affinity chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC (rpHPLC). Results The cDNA of the four disulfide-bridged peptide neurotoxin Mlat1 was cloned into a modified expression vector, pQE30, which was transfected into two different E. coli strains. The recombinant toxin (HisrMlat1) was...

Biodistribution studies of bee venom and spider toxin using radiotracers

Palavras-chave: Micrurus laticorallis; Protein folding; Recombinant; Elapid; Toxin; Protein recognition.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100318

Yonamine,C. M.; Costa,H.; Silva,J. A. A.; Muramoto,E.; Rogero,J. R.; Troncone,L. R. P.; Camillo,M. A. P..

The use of radiotracers allows the understanding of the bioavailability process, biodistribution, and kinetics of any molecule labelled with an isotope, which does not alter the molecule's biological properties. In this work, technetium-99m and iodine-125 were chosen as radiotracers for biodistribution studies in mice using bee (Apis mellifera) venom and a toxin (PnTX2-6) from the Brazilian "armed" spider (Phoneutria nigriventer) venom. Incorporated radioactivity was measured in the blood, brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney, adrenal gland, spleen, stomach, testicle, intestine, muscle, and thyroid gland. Results provided the blood kinetic parameter, and different organs distribution rates.

Fitness cost of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in velvetbean caterpillar Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

Palavras-chave: Phoneutria nigriventer; Apis mellifera; Toxin; Venom; Radiotracer; Biodistribution.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992005000100006

Rev. Bras. entomol.

Sosa-Gómez,Daniel Ricardo; Miranda,José Ednilson.

Selection pressure to obtain resistant genotypes can result in fitness cost. In this study, we report the effects of the selection pressure of a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis on biological aspects of a Dipel-resistant strain of velvetbean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner. Comparisons of Dipel-resistant and susceptible individuals revealed significant differences in pupal weight and larval development time. Both strains (Dipel-resistant and susceptible) were susceptible to Cry1Ac toxin expressed in foliar cotton tissues. Resistant and susceptible strains showed low survival rates of 22.5% and 51.2%, respectively, when fed with Greene diet containing Bt-cotton. Larvae bioassayed after three laboratory generations presented lower...

การพัฒนาเตาต้มหน่อไม้ด้วยวิธีการเผาถ่าน

Palavras-chave: Anticarsia gemmatalis; Toxin; Cry1Ac; Dipel-resistant; Strain.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262012000300014

Thai Agricultural

Luepong Luenam; Somsak Kuhaswonvetch; Sodsri Nokyoo.

The objective of this study was research and development of a charcoal stove, boiled bamboo shoots with the application of heat caused by burning charcoal in a kiln. The heat was the boiled bamboo shoots fresh. Test furnace shoot live shows that can be packed bamboo shoots, bamboo fresh in boiled averaged 93.33 kg. The total firewood packed 150 kg and firewood front burner 23 kg. Boil water up to 2.15 hours, the temperature water in the boiler height 98.00 OC and the temperature shoot up to 94.33 OC. Boiled bamboo shoots with temperatures above 80 OC for a period longer than 30 minutes, which destroys the toxins do two lists that are harmful. Consumers can cook asparagus. After boiling the bamboo charcoal yield of 38.00 kg and 0.93 liters of water wood.

Tipo: PhysicalObject

Palavras-chave: Bamboo shoots; ฺBoiled; Charcoal; Charcoal stove; Wood vinegar; Quality; Toxin; Prachinburi province; หน่อไม้; การต้ม; เตาเผาถ่าน; ถ่าน; น้ำส้มควันไม้; คุณภาพ; กระบวนการผลิต; จ.ปราจีนบุรี.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5384

Production of zearalenone by Fusarium spp. in maize kernel

Thai Agricultural

Chintana Chana; Pranee Hamelink; Chiradej Chamswarng; Ronnapop Bunjoedchoedchu.

2 tables

Palavras-chave: Corn; Maize; Fungi; Fusarium spp.; Toxin; Zearalenone; ข้าวโพด; การสร้างเซียราลีโนน; ฟูซาเรียม.

Ano: 1989

URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/4369

Cyanobacteria, microcystins and cylindrospermopsin in public drinking supply reservoirs of Brazil

Anais da ABC (AABC)

BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA,MARIA DO CARMO; PICCIN-SANTOS,VIVIANE; MOURA,ARIADNE N.; ARAGÃO-TAVARES,NÍSIA K.C.; CORDEIRO-ARAÚJO,MICHELINE K..

Brazil has a history of blooms and contamination of freshwater systems by cyanobacterial toxins. The monitoring relevance of toxins from cyanobacteria in reservoirs for public supply is notorious given its high toxicity to mammals, included humans beings. The most recurrent toxins in Brazilian water bodies are microcystins (MC). However, the recent record of cylindrospermopsin (CYN) in northeastern Brazil, Pernambuco state, alerts us to the possibility that this could be escalating. This study reports occurrence of MC and CYN, quantified with ELISA, in 10 reservoirs, devoted to public drinking supply in northeastern Brazil. The composition and quantification of the cyanobacteria community associated with these water bodies is also presented. From 23...

A sensitive bioassay for destruxins, cyclodepsipeptides from the culture filtrates of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok.

Palavras-chave: Bloom; Harmful algae; Monitoring; Toxin; Water quality.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652014000100297

Anais da SEB

Samuels,Richard I..

Destruxin A, a toxic cyclodepsipeptide, was purified from culture filtrates of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. by Reverse-Phase HPLC, and assayed for its effects on a larval Manduca sexta (L.) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) heart preparation. Destruxin A was found to cause reversible and dose-dependent acceleration of the heart beat. The heart bioassay was highly sensitive to pulse applications of destruxin A at concentrations as low as 35 pmol. Because of its high level of sensitivity, the M. sexta heart bioassay could be used to detect and quantify destruxins in tissue extracts from mycosed insects or to confirm bioactivity of HPLC fractions. The site of action of Destruxin A was not determined. However, this toxin did not...

Virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance, and plasmid content of Escherichia coli isolated in swine commercial farms

Palavras-chave: Insecta; Manduca sexta; Heart; Toxin; Peptide; Destruxin.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0301-80591998000200009

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

Costa,M.M.; Drescher,G.; Maboni,F; Weber,S.S.; Schrank,A.; Vainstein,M.H.; Schrank,I.S.; Vargas,A.C..

Virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Escherichia coli isolates were evaluated. A total of 80 E. coli isolates were evaluated, being 64 from clinical samples (intestinal content and fragments of organs from diarrheic piglets), seven from feces of clinically healthy piglets and sows, and nine environmental samples (five from facilities, two from feed, one from insect, and one from waste). Molecular characterization was performed by PCR detection of fimbriae and toxin genes and plasmid content determination. The isolates were also characterized according to their resistance or sensitivity to the following drugs: ampicillin, trimethoprim:sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, amikacine, colistin, norfloxacin, florfenicol, enrofloxacin,...

Investigation of mad honey use as an alternative treatment in patients admitted to the pulmonary clinic: Ordu, Turkey example

Palavras-chave: Swine; Colibacillosis; Fimbriae; Toxin; Antimicrobial resistance.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352010000100004

BABT

Ugur,Hacer Gok; Sıralı,Recep; Tekgul,Ahmet Talha; Efe,Burcin.

Abstract This study assessed mad honey use in alternative treatments. The universe of this descriptive study was patients admitted to the pulmonary disease clinic located in the Ordu province of the Black Sea region between 15 December 2014 and 15 February 2015. We did not use a sampling method and patients who agreed to participate were included in the study (n=353). In order to collect the data, we used a questionnaire prepared by the researchers. In this study, 77% of the participants stated that mad honey was beneficial to health, 44.5% used mad honey, and 53.5% consumed it daily. Furthermore, 28.7% used mad honey for asthma, 6.4% for cough, 12.1% for gastrointestinal diseases, and 3.2% for hypertension. There was a significant relationship between the...