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Physical characterization of Arabica ground coffee with different roasting degrees Anais da ABC (AABC)
NAKILCIOĞLU-TAŞ,EMINE; ÖTLEŞ,SEMIH.
Abstract: Roasting is a determinative operation on the final quality of coffee. Roasting process causes physical, chemical and sensory changes on coffee. In this study roasting degree effect on physical properties of Arabica fine ground coffee was examined. The bulk properties, particle property, reconstitution properties, moisture content, water activities and color properties were investigated in different roasting degrees of coffee. The results showed that the physical characteristics of coffee samples were influenced by the degree of roast. To have longer shelf life, lower cost and better physical attributes of Arabica fine ground coffee, the roasting process should be kept at a lower degree. At the same time the requests and expectations of customer...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Arabica coffee; Bulk density; Flowability; Roasting degree; Water content.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000300901
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Soil resistance to penetration and least limiting water range for soybean yield in a haplustox from Brazil BABT
Beutler,Amauri Nelson; Centurion,José Frederico; Silva,Alvaro Pires da.
The objective of this study was determine the resistance to penetration (PR), least limiting water range (LLWR) and critical bulk density (Db-crit) for soybean yield in a medium-textured oxisol (Haplustox). The treatments represented the soil compaction by passing a tractor over the site 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 times, with 4 replications in a randomized experimental design. Samples were collected from 0.02-0.05, 0.07-0.10 and 0.15-0.18 m depths. Soybean (Glycine max cv. Embrapa 48) was sowed in December 2002. Plant height, number of pods, aerial dry matter, weight of 100 seeds, and the yield in 3.6 m² plots were recorded. Soybean yield started reduction at the PR of 0.85 MPa and Db of 1.48 Mg m-3. The LLWR was limited in highest part by water content at field...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Glycine max; Water content; Resistance to penetration; Bulk density.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132005000800002
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Relationship between gibberellic acid and growth parameters in developing seed and pod of pigeon pea Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Chudasama,Rita S.; Thaker,Vrinda S..
Changes in endogenous gibberellic acid (GA) levels were determined in developing seeds and pods of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan). Antibodies against GA3 were raised in rabbits and indirect ELISA developed to estimate GA level. Two varieties, black seeded variety (V1) and B.D.N2 (V2), were selected on the basis of their seed index value. The pod length and number of seeds per pod were significantly different for the two varieties. Dry weight, water content (WC), rate of water accumulation, rate of dry matter accumulation (DMA), and GA content in pod and seed were all larger in V1 than in V2. In both varieties, higher GA content was observed during cell elongation and DMA phases, respective to their varietal differences in growth traits. Relationships between...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cajanus cajan; Dry matter accumulation; Endogenous gibberellic acid; Seed development; Water content.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202007000100005
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Temporal and spatial variability of structure dependent properties of a volcanic ash soil under pasture in southern Chile Chilean J. Agric. Res.
Dec,Dorota; Dörner,José; Balocchi,Oscar.
Prairies are a main source for livestock feeding in southern Chile. The aim of this research was to define how grazing events and natural wetting and drying cycles (WD) affect the spatial and temporal variability of the soil’s structural properties. The investigation was conducted in a Duric Hapludand, Valdivia Series. Penetration resistance (PR) and volumetric water content (WC), measured in situ, were used to prepare maps which show i) temporal (1383 to 3047 kPa for 46 to 16% WC) and spatial changes, and ii) grazing events as an important factor influencing spatial changes in PR (differences of 3421 kPa between max and min values). Grazing and WD cycles induced changes in the soil’s mechanical stability and pore functions, which indicate that...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Penetration resistance; Water content; Mechanical strength; Porous system; Andisol.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000200015
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Field Performance of a Winged Scarifier as a Function of Soil Compaction and Water Content Chilean J. Agric. Res.
Cholaky,Carmen; Cisneros,José M; Balbuena,Roberto.
Initial soil conditions, operational aspects, and tool shape affect the efficiency of soil decompaction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a winged scarifier as a function of soil compaction and edaphic water content. The experiment was carried out in a typical Hapludoll. Treatments considered two soil compaction levels: high (HC) and low compaction (LC); and three soil water contents: wet (WS), humid (HS), and dry (DS) with 9, 14, and 19% gravimetric water content, respectively. A split-plot randomized block design was applied. Tractive effort, disturbed area, tillage depth, specific resistance, and power were evaluated. Results showed that tractive effort was 17% greater in HC than LC, and in both cases HS was greater than WS...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Agricultural engineering; Winged scarifier; Bulk density; Water content; Compaction.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000100016
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Dehydration of infrared ginger slices: heat and mass transfer coefficient and modeling Ciência e Agrotecnologia
Corrêa,Paulo Cesar; Baptestini,Fernanda Machado; Zeymer,Juliana Soares; Araujo,Marcos Eduardo Viana de; Freitas,Rita Cristina Pereira de; Leite,Rildo Araujo.
ABSTRACT Dehydration of plant products extends its shelf life and reduces its mass and volume, which increases transport and storage efficiency and adds value to food. However, it is an intensive process in energy and time, making necessary the search for more efficient technologies, Thus, this study aimed to investigate the infrared ginger dehydration process by approaching the constant period of dehydration to the theory of mass and heat transfer process to the wet bulb thermometer and the decreasing period of dehydration to liquid diffusion theory. We submitted 5.0 mm thickness and 2.0 cm diameter slices to a dryer with infrared radiation at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 °C until constant mass. Heat and mass transfer coefficients, and effective diffusion...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Modified Henderson and Pabis; Radiation; Water content; Zingiber officinale.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-70542019000100400
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Study of thermodynamic water properties and moisture sorption hysteresis of mango skin Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.
Souza,Silvio José Ferreira de; Alves,Aline Inácio; Vieira,Érica Nascif Rufino; Vieira,José Antônio Gomez; Ramos,Afonso Mota; Telis-Romero,Javier.
The equilibrium moisture content for adsorption and desorption isotherms of mango skin was determined using the static gravimetric method at temperatures of 20, 26, 33, 38 and 44 oC in the 0.056 to 0.873 water activity range. Both sorption curves show a decrease in equilibrium moisture content as the temperature increasing. The hysteresis effect was observed at constant water activity. The Guggenheim, Anderson, and de Boer (GAB) model presented the best fitting accuracy among a group of models and was used to determine the thermodynamic properties of water sorption. Integral enthalpy and integral entropy areas showed inverted values for the adsorption and desorption isotherms over the wide range of water activity studied. These values confirm, in energetic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Agricultural waste; Gravimetric method; Integral properties; Modelling; Water content.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612015000100157
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Estudio del crecimiento del maíz bajo condiciones de temporal mediante la captación de agua de lluvia Colegio de Postgraduados
Torres Suárez, Sandra Luz.
El trabajo de investigación fue conducido en el campo experimental del campus Montecillo del Colegio de Postgraduados. Cuyo objetivo principal fue observar si existe afectación en el contenido de agua presente en el suelo, debida a una conformación diferente de surcos y la colocación de contras a lo largo de los mismos. La variedad de semilla utilizada fue San Josecito, sembrada el día 2 de junio de 2006. El diseño experimental fue el de Bloques Completos con Tratamientos Aleatorizados, con 4 repeticiones, disponiéndose de una superficie total de 1500 m2. Los tratamientos probados consistieron en: Arada pacial con contras a cada 3 m (Trat A), surco tipo Anaya (inclinado) con contras a cada 3 m (Trat B), Surco normal con contras a cada 3 m (Trat C)...
Tipo: Tesis Palavras-chave: Maíz; Microcuencas; Termporal; Contenido de humedad; Maestría; Hidrociencias; Corn; Micro-basins; Rainfed; Water content.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1520
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DEFICIT IRRIGATION OF SUBSURFACE DRIP-IRRIGATED GRAPE TOMATO REA
Mendonça,Thaís G.; Silva,Marília B. da; Pires,Regina C. de M.; Souza,Claudinei F..
ABSTRACT Agriculture is one of the segments that most uses water and developments have been made to save irrigation water. Deficit irrigation is a technique that can contribute to production and water saving in agriculture. This study aimed to evaluate the viability of deficit irrigation in tomato production irrigated by subsurface drip in a greenhouse and estimate water saving. The experiment was conducted at the CCA/UFSCar, in Araras, São Paulo, Brazil, with grape tomato cultivation. It consisted of three treatments, 100 % water depth and deficit irrigation (75 and 50 % of water depth), with a randomized block design. Irrigation management was performed using mean soil moisture data collected through TDR probes installed in each treatment. Tomato plants...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: TDR; Water resources; Irrigation management; Water content.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162020000400453
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Wet bulbs from the subsurface drip irrigation with water supply and treated sewage effluent REA
ELAIUY,MARCELO L. C.; SANTOS,LEONARDO N. S. DOS; SOUSA,ALLAN C. M. DE; SOUZA,CLAUDINEI F.; MATSURA​,EDSON E..
The use of treated sewage effluent (TSE) combined with the subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) method in agriculture can decrease the costs of agricultural production, in attempts to fertigate crops more efficiently. In this study it was compared the dimensions of the wet bulb formed by the application of TSE and municipal water supply (MWS) in an Oxisoil. We have evaluated the effect of water quality and discharge between drippers used in sugarcane crop. Three trenches were opened and 21 three-rod TDR probes were setup in a mesh and a dripper was buried at 0.30 m, for each constant discharge of 1.0 L h-1and 1.6 L h-1. Comparing results from different wetted soil profiles it was observed that the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the wet bulb are similar...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Oxisoil; Wastewater; TDR; Water content; Electrical conductivity.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162015000200242
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Development of a Resonant Microwave Sensor for Sediment Density Characterization ArchiMer
Mansour, Rassoul; Rioual, S.; Lescop, B.; Talbot, P.; Abboud, M.; Farah, W.; Tanné, G..
In this study, a sensor based on the development of a planar antenna immersed in sediments dedicated to water content monitoring in this type of material is proposed and experimentally validated. It is produced by a conventional Printed Circuit Board (PCB) manufacturing process on a double-sided metalized FR4 substrate. The sensitivity of the sensor is ensured by the variation of the real part of the complex dielectric permittivity of sediments with water content at around 1 GHz. As shown, in this frequency range, electrode polarization and Maxwell–Wagner polarization e ects become negligible, leading to only a bulk water polarization sensitivity. The sensor operates in the reflection mode by monitoring the variation of the resonant frequency as a function...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Resonant sensor; Water content; Dielectric characterization; Microwave; Antenna; Sediments.
Ano: 2020 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00610/72167/70939.pdf
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Etude preliminaire des equilibres de distribution de l'eau et des ions au cours de l'ovogenese de Solea solea ArchiMer
Gallis, J; Lemenn, F; Lebrun, A; Nunez, R.
During oogenesis of Solea solea L., gonadal changes in water, Na super(+) and K super(+) ions seem to be related to yolk protein incorporation by the oocyte. The decrease in oocyte water accumulation, associated with an increase in pericellular water accumluation and a decrease in K super(+) concentration occurs when vitellogenin enters the oocyte. Na super(+) concentration decreases in the oocyte at the end of the exogenous vitellogenesis when the first stages of the oocyte maturation take place. Water accumulation in the pericellular space during vitellogenesis allows the rapid transfer of water from this compartment into the oocyte during the terminal phase of maturation. However the total amount of gonadal water remains stable.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Solea solea; Soleidae; Pisces; Hydration; Water content; Ion accumulation; Sexual maturity; Ovaries; Oogenesis; Solea; Maturation ovocytaire; Ovogenèse; Eau; Ions.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1231.pdf
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WATER REQUIREMENTS AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF CARROT UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION IN A HAPLOXERAND SOIL J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.
Quezada,C; Fischer,S; Campos,J; Ardiles,D.
Water management efficiency is a key issue for sustainable agriculture development, since it is necessary to get a higher biomass production per unit of applied water. This study aimed to determine both water requirements and water use efficiency (WUE) and their effect on yield and quality parameters in carrots (Daucus carota L.), during the 2006 - 2007 growing season in Chilian, Chile (36° 35' 43.2" S, 72° 04' 39" W, 140 m altitude). The water treatments applied were 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 % pan evaporation (Epan) in a Haploxerand soil under drip irrigation. The results showed that the highest crop yield was obtained with 100% Epan treatment. However, the highest WUE was found in the 75% Epan treatment equivalent to 3864 m³ ha-1, which is the recommended...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Water content; Roots quality; Water stress; Andisols.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-95162011000100002
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Distribución espacial del amonio en fiordos y canales comprendidos entre Puerto Montt y Laguna San Rafael en período de primavera OceanDocs
Prado-Fiedler, R..
An oceanographic expedition was carried out between October 18th and November 15th 1995 in the inlets region and fjords located between Puerto Montt (41° 20’S and San Rafael Lagoon (46° 40’ S) in Southern Chile. The main purpose of the present work is to characterise the spatial distribution of ammonium and its concentration range in the studied region during spring onset. Water samples were collected from a total of 101 oceanographic stations of the expedition Cimar-Fiordo 1. The main part of the water body showed concentrations lower than 1 µmol/L. The higher ammonium concentrations were found in the continental fjords, specially in the area situated south of the narrows of Meninea island, where subsurface maximums greater than 2 µmol/L were found. The...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Fjords; Water properties; Ammonia; Water content; Channels; Water analysis; Water sampling; Surface layers; Core layers (water); Sea water; Fjords; Water content; Ammonia; Water analysis; Sea water; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16314; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15852; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_349; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16064; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6903.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1576
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Nitrogen and phosphorus species of Lake Burullus Water (Egypt) OceanDocs
Okbah, M.A..
Water samples collected from Lake Burullus were analyzed to investigate temporal and spatial variations of phosphorus and nitrogen species during the period from January to October 2003. The concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), particulate nitrogen (PN) and total nitrogen (TN) were in the ranges of 4.10-107.51mole l-1 ; 7.43-170.10mole l-1; 9.33-209.4mole l-1 and 51.40-259.0 mole l-1 respectively. DIN, DON and PN species represent 19%, 34% and 47% of the total nitrogen content, respectively. Significant variations for the concentrations of the phosphorus forms have been found in this study. Concentrations of reactive phosphate (PO4), dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP), particulate phosphorus (PP) and...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Water samples; Water content; Nitrogen; Nutrients; Phosphorus; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5192; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5274; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5804.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1263
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Response of Caper Plant to Drought and Different Ratios of Calcium and Sodium Chloride1 Planta Daninha
ROSTAMI,L.; SADEGHI,H.; HOSSEINI,S..
ABSTRACT Caper (Capparis spinosa) is used as multipurpose and adaptable plant which provides a valuable opportunity to enhance greenery in harsh climatic areas. This plant like the others is affected by drought and sodium chloride stresses as the most common abiotic stresses worldwide. This study was carried out to determine the interaction between drought and different ratios of sodium and calcium chloride on caper. Droughts stress were two levels of 100 and 75% of field capacity and were applied based on the daily weighting method of pots. Salt treatments were four different ratios of calcium chloride: sodium chloride (1:0, 1:1, 1:3, 1:5]. Treatments started when the plants were sown in the pots. Results indicated that higher ratios of calcium chloride...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Salt stress; Chlorophyll index; Water content.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582016000200259
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Rheological Parameters as Affected by Water Tension in Subtropical Soils Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo
Pértile,Patricia; Reichert,José Miguel; Gubiani,Paulo Ivonir; Holthusen,Dörthe; Costa,André da.
ABSTRACT Rheological parameters have been used to study the interaction between particles and the structural strength of soils subjected to mechanical stresses, in which soil composition and water content most strongly affect soil resistance to deformation. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of water tension on rheological parameters of soils with different mineralogical, physical, and chemical composition. Surface and subsurface horizons of four Oxisols, two Ultisols, one Alfisol, and one Vertisol were physically and chemically characterized; their rheological parameters were obtained from amplitude sweep tests under oscillatory shear on disturbed soil samples that were saturated and subjected to water tension of 1, 3, 6, and 10 kPa. In these...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Soil mechanics; Rheometry; Cohesion; Water content; Capillary forces.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832016000100411
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Quantification of the least limiting water range in an oxisol using two methodological strategies Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo
Moreira,Wagner Henrique; Tormena,Cássio Antônio; Betioli Junior,Edner; Figueiredo,Getulio Coutinho; Silva,Álvaro Pires da; Giarola,Neyde Fabíola Balarezo.
The least limiting water range (LLWR) has been used as an indicator of soil physical quality as it represents, in a single parameter, the soil physical properties directly linked to plant growth, with the exception of temperature. The usual procedure for obtaining the LLWR involves determination of the water retention curve (WRC) and the soil resistance to penetration curve (SRC) in soil samples with undisturbed structure in the laboratory. Determination of the WRC and SRC using field measurements (in situ ) is preferable, but requires appropriate instrumentation. The objective of this study was to determine the LLWR from the data collected for determination of WRC and SRC in situ using portable electronic instruments, and to compare those determinations...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Water content; Instrumentation; Critical bulk density; Soil physical quality; Matric potential.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832014000600012
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Different harvest times and physiological quality of coriander seeds AGRIAMBI
Alkimim,Emilly R.; David,Andréia M. S. de S.; Sousa,Tiago V.; Rodrigues,Cleiton G.; Amaro,Hugo T. R..
ABSTRACT The season of harvest is one of the most important factors influencing seed quality. This study evaluated the effect of different harvesting times on the physiological quality of Coriandrum sativum L. seeds, cv. Palmeira. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six treatments (harvest times) and four replications. The experiment was conducted during the months of April to October 2010. The first moment to harvest seeds was carried out 15 days after full bloom, when approximately 50% of plants were in flowering phase. Other harvests (22, 29, 36, 43 and, 50 days after bloom) were carried out at 7 days intervals until the seeds reached 16.0% of moisture, which occurred in the 6th harvest. Immediately after each harvest, the seeds were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coriandrum sativum L.; Germination; Vigor; Water content.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662016000200133
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Physical quality of grains subjected to moistening and drying processes for marketing AGRIAMBI
Coradi,Paulo C.; Sousa,Alisson H. S. de; Camilo,Lucas J.; Lima,Roney E.; Milane,Lélia V.; Lemes,Ângelo F. C..
ABSTRACT The aim was to evaluate the physical quality of conventional and transgenic corn grains, through drying and wetting processes for marketing. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme (7 x 3 x 2), corresponding to seven drying times (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 min), three temperatures of the drying air (80, 100 and 120 °C) and two hybrids of corn (conventional AG 1051 and transgenic Herculex@ 30S31H). Grain drying was held in convection oven with forced air ventilation while the wetting was done in a B.O.D chamber. The water movement in the grain, the volume and the electrical conductivity were evaluated periodically. The results showed that the transgenic corn grain reduced the negative effects of drying and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: AG 1051; Herculex@ 30S31H; Water content; Temperature.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662016000900847
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