Data/hora: 10/06/2024 19:06:41

Provedor de dados: | 20
País: | Belgium
Título: | Genética poblacional y filogeografía de Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758)  y Cheloniamydas (Linnaeus, 1758): Una perspectiva regional con énfasis  en el suroeste de Cuba
Autores: | Ruiz Urquiola, A.
Data: | 2014-03-24
Ano: | 2008
Palavras-chave: | Population genetics; Phylogenetics; Marine turtles.
Resumo: | El manejo efectivo para la conservación de las tortugas marinas depende del  entendimiento de las interconexiones demográficas entre las poblaciones. En este trabajo  se determinaron la estructura poblacional,  la diversidad genética y las relaciones  filogenéticas y filogeográficas entre las principales colonias de anidación cubanas de  Chelonia mydas y Caretta caretta, y se compararon en un contexto regional, a partir de la  secuenciación de la primera mitad de la región no codificadora del DNA mitocóndrico, con  vistas a un manejo sostenible. En las colonias de anidación cubanas de ambas especies  estuvieron presentes los haplotipos más distribuidos y representados de los linajes de  cada especie informados para la región. No obstante, las colonias de C. mydas también se  destacaron  por la presencia de haplotipos endémicos. Estas constituyeron poblaciones  panmictas y estuvieron estructuradas significativamente con las restantes poblaciones de  anidación de la región, como consecuencia de un porcentaje de variación mayor dentro  que entre las colonias de anidación. Por consiguiente, las colonias de anidación cubanas  constituyen poblaciones que han intercambiado migrantes limitadamente con las restantes  del Mediterráneo americano. El grado de diferenciación genética (F-ΦST) estuvo  positivamente correlacionado con la distancia geográfica entre las colonias de anidación  de la región, cumpliéndose el modelo pasarela congruente con los patrones de corrientes  marinas imperantes en la región. Existieron fallos a la conducta de reproducción en el  lugar de origen dentro de cada especie, que condujeron a dispersiones de los haplotipos  más distribuidos y representados entre los  que se encontraron los ancestros de cada  linaje. Estos fallos pudieron ser provocados por las fluctuaciones climáticas durante el Pleistoceno, que conllevaron a  sucesivas recolonizaciones de  hábitat en función de las  características óptimas para la anidación. Consecuentemente, las huellas de las  expansiones demográficas han quedado difusas, a pesar de la estructura genética  significativa y presencia de endemismo en la mayoría de las poblaciones de anidación. A  partir del análisis filogeográfico de clados anidados se corroboró un flujo genético  restringido por aislamiento por distancia,  con fragmentación pasada y colonizaciones a  grandes distancias o una de estas dos últimas variantes. Finalmente, las poblaciones de  anidación cubanas, a pesar de compartir un pasado histórico común con las restantes  poblaciones de anidación de la región, constituyeron unidades genéticas singulares  consideradas Mus, que deben ser manejadas cuidadosamente para evitar pérdida de la  variabilidad genética del genofondo de cada especie de tortuga marina.
Tipo: | Theses and Dissertations
Idioma: | Espanhol
Identificador: | http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5388
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