Data/hora: 01/06/2024 19:15:50

Provedor de dados: | Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
País: | France

Título:

Adaptation génétique et détection de la sélection dans le cadre d'évolutions expérimentales

Genetic adaptation and detection of selection in experimental evolution

Autores: | Barthelemy, Clement.
Data: | 2020-03-02
Ano: | 2020
Palavras-chave: | Adaptation polygénique; Évolution expérimentale; Épistasie; Plasticité phénotypique; Caractère à seuil; Evolve &amp; resequence; Polygenic adaptation; Experimentale evolution; Epistasis; Phenotypic plasticity; Threshold trait; Evolve &amp; resequence.
Resumo: | Adaptation is a concept at the heart of the theory of evolution by natural selection. It designates both the process which allows the adjustment of the phenotypic trait of an individual to external environmental conditions and the state resulting from this process. In this context, genetic adaptation represents all of the molecular determinants of adaptation, which means, all of the mechanisms that drives adaptation of species at the molecular level. To study the evolutionary processes during adaptation, we can study the evolution of an experimental population in response to the conditions imposed by the experimenter (environmental, demographic, etc.): this is experimental evolution. When these experiments are coupled with high-throughput sequencing, the output data (in the form of time-series) are particularly useful for the study of adaptation and selection in "real time". In this thesis, we will develop a quantitative genetic model in order to study the evolutionary dynamics of a threshold trait (representing resistance to infectious agents traits) during an experimental evolution. In addition, we will develop an innovative method for detecting loci under selection using a clustering method with a shape-based approach. In addition, we will study the influence of mechanisms such as epistasis, which represents the interactions between several alleles at different loci, or phenotypic plasticity, which allows individuals to express a different phenotype while carrying the same genotype, on genetic adaptation and - a fortiori - on adaptation.
Tipo: | Text
Idioma: | Francês

Identificador:

https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00693/80497/83690.pdf

https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00693/80497/

Editor: | Université de La Rochelle
Relação: | info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/678589/EU//VIVALDI
Formato: | application/pdf

Fonte:

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

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