Data/hora: 10/06/2024 15:19:43

Provedor de dados: | 5
País: | France
Título: | Genetically based resistance to summer mortality in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and its relationship with physiological, immunological characteristics and infection processes
Autores: | Samain, Jean-francois; Degremont, Lionel; Soletchnik, Patrick; Haure, Joel; Bedier, Edouard; Ropert, Michel; Moal, Jeanne; Huvet, Arnaud; Bacca, Helene; Van Wormhoudt, A; Delaporte, Maryse; Costil, K; Pouvreau, Stephane; Lambert, Christian; Boulo, Viviane; Soudant, Philippe; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Leroux, Frederique; Renault, Tristan; Gagnaire, Beatrice; Geret, Florence; Boutet, Isabelle; Burgeot, Thierry; Boudry, Pierre.
Data: | 2007-08
Ano: | 2007
Palavras-chave: | ROS; Temperature; Stress; Hemocytes; Reproduction; Genetic selection; Resistant oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific Oyster; Summer mortality.
Resumo: | Summer mortality of Pacific oysters is known in several countries. However no specific pathogen has been systematically associated with this phenomenon. A complex combination of environmental and biological parameters has been suggested as the cause and is now starting to be identified. A high genetic basis was found for survival in oysters when a first generation (G1) was tested in three sites during summer. This paper presents a synthesis on physiological characteristics of two selected groups ('R' and 'S', from families selected for resistance and susceptibility to summer mortality respectively), of the second and third generations. R and S showed improvement or reduction of survival compared with the control in both field and laboratory trials confirming the high heritability of survival of juveniles &lt; 1 year old. Interestingly, no correlation was observed between growth and survival.  Comparison between the two selected groups showed that S oysters invested more energy in reproduction and stayed a longer time without spawning than R oysters which had high synchronous spawning. This was mainly shown with high rather than low dietary rations (respectively 12% and 4% DW algae/DW oyster) in a controlled experiment. Moreover, early partial spawning was detected in S oysters and not R ones in the high dietary ration. S showed a higher respiration rate and an earlier decrease in absorption efficiency than R during gametogenesis, but they were not significantly different in glycogen or ATP utilisation. Two months before a mortality episode, hemocytes from S oysters had a higher adhesive capacity than R hemocytes and significantly higher reactive oxygen species production capacity. One month before mortality, S oysters had the highest hyalinocyte concentration and their expression of genes coding for glucose metabolism enzymes (Hexokinase, GS, PGM, PEPCK) was significantly lower in the labial palps. After a thermal increase from 13 °C to 19 °C, during 8 days in normoxia, S oysters showed a large HSP70 increase under hypoxia contrary to R oysters, suggesting their high susceptibility to stress. Their catalase activity was lower than in R oysters and showed no further change to subsequent hypoxia and pesticide stresses, in contrast to R oysters.  These observations suggest possible links between higher reproductive effort in S oysters, their specific stress response to temperature and hypoxia, ROS production, partial spawning, hyalinocyte increase and the infection process. To compare R and S oysters in a more integrated way, a suppression subtractive hybridisation (SSH) library and a micro-array strategy are being undertaken.
Tipo: | Text
Idioma: | Inglês

Identificador:

http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2809.pdf

DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.04.044

Editor: | Elsevier
Relação: | http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/2809/
Formato: | application/pdf
Fonte: | Aquaculture (0044-8486) (Elsevier), 2007-08 , Vol. 268 , N. 1-4 , P. 227-243
Fonte: | Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved