Data/hora: 13/06/2024 08:13:07

Provedor de dados: | Scientia Agricola
País: | Brazil
Título: | Managing agricultural phosphorus to minimize water quality impacts
Autores: | Sharpley,Andrew.
Data: | 2016-02-01
Ano: | 2016
Palavras-chave: | Fertilizer management; Conservation practices; Runoff; Erosion; Eutrophication.
Resumo: | ABSTRACT Eutrophication of surface waters remains a major use-impairment in many countries, which, in fresh waters, is accelerated by phosphorus (P) inputs from both point (e.g., municipal waste water treatment plants) and nonpoint sources (e.g., urban and agricultural runoff). As point sources tend to be easier to identify and control, greater attention has recently focused on reducing nonpoint sources of P. In Brazil, agricultural productivity has increased tremendously over the last decade as a consequence, to a large extent, of increases in the use of fertilizer and improved land management. For instance, adoption of the “4R” approach (i.e., right rate, right time, right source, and right placement of P) to fertilizer management can decrease P runoff. Additionally, practices that lessen the risk of runoff and erosion, such as reduced tillage and cover crops will also lessen P runoff. Despite these measures P can still be released from soil and fluvial sediment stores as a result of the prior 10 to 20 years’ management. These legacy sources can mask the water quality benefits of present-day conservation efforts. Future remedial efforts should focus on developing risk assessment indices and nonpoint source models to identify and target conservation measures and to estimate their relative effectiveness. New fertilizer formulations may more closely tailor the timing of nutrient release to plant needs and potentially decrease P runoff. Even so, it must be remembered that appropriate and timely inputs of fertilizers are needed to maintain agricultural productivity and in some cases, financial support might also be required to help offset the costs of expensive conservation measures.
Tipo: | Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Idioma: | Inglês
Identificador: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162016000100001
Editor: | São Paulo - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz"
Relação: | 10.1590/0103-9016-2015-0107
Formato: | text/html
Fonte: | Scientia Agricola  v.73 n.1 2016
Fonte: | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess