Consulta: creatorFacets:"Evenson,   Robert E."
Registros recuperados: 20
Data/hora: 09/06/2024 06:47:00

The Agricultural Research System of the Philippines: A Reconnaissance Report
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.; Waggoner,   Paul E.; Bloom,   Paul R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8431

Technology-Climate Interactions in the Green Revolution in India
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: McKinsey,   James W., Jr.; Evenson,   Robert E.
This paper presents a model of the Green Revolution in India, in which the development and diffusion of HYVs, the expansion of irrigation and the expansion of multiple-cropping are treated as endogenous responses to more basic investments in agricultural technology and infrastructure, as well as to climate and edaphic endowments. We incorporate explicit climate-technology interactions in the model, in order to identify climate effects on the diffusion of HYVs, irrigation and multiple-cropping, and on Net Revenue to agriculture. We find that climate affects technology development and diffusion, and that technology development and diffusion affect the impacts of climate on agricultural productivity in India.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Green Revolution; India; HYV; Rice; Wheat; Climate; Agricultural research; International Development; 112; 121; 226; 620; 710.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28452

TECHNICAL CHANGE AND AGRICULTURAL TRADE: THREE EXAMPLES (SUGARCANE, BANANAS, AND RICE)
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.; Houck,   James P.; Ruttan,   Vernon W.
The purpose of this paper is to examine three cases which provide some insight into the character of international transmission of technical change and its economic impacts and implications. These cases focus on three separate commodities, sugarcane, bananas, and rice. Each case presents different facets of the international movement of technological innovation.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1968
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13879

DETERMINANTS OF THE DEMAND FOR STATE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION  RESOURCES: A  DEMAND-SYSTEM APPROACH
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Huffman,   Wallace E.; Evenson,   Robert E.
This paper presents new econometric evidence on state government's demand for resources to support local agricultural experiment station research.  The econometric model consists of a complete-demand system covering four major resource sources, and it is fitted to annual observations on 48 contiguous states, 1970 to 1999.  These results show that forces of total SAES budget size, national ranking of agricultural college and university programs, state demographics, and state's agricultural-output composition impact a state government's demand for resources for state agricultural experiment stations.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18206

Agricultural research and productivity growth in India
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.; Pray,   Carl E.; Rosegrant,   Mark W.
India’s investments in agricultural research, extension, and irrigation have made it one of the largest publicly funded systems in the world. But some policymakers who perceive that the benefits to research may be declining are advocating a cut back on public spending on research. This research report, which examines the effects of research and development on productivity in India, finds that India is still benefiting from these investments. The main sources of agricultural productivity growth in India during 1956–87 were public agricultural research and extension; expansion of irrigated area and rural infrastructure and improvement in human capital were also important contributors. The report also shows that the public benefits from private research can...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Research; India; Agricultural productivity; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37901

GMOs: Prospects for Increased Crop Productivity in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.
Genetically Modified Crops (GMO foods) have been widely available to farmers since 1996. The Gene Revolution, based on recombinant DNA (rDNA) genetic engineering techniques, is seen by proponents as both supplanting Green Revolution varieties, based on conventional plant breeding techniques, and potentially enabling “disadvantaged” production environments, unreached by Green Revolution varieties to achieve productivity improvements. This paper argues that the private firms supplying GM crop products have generally had little interest in selling products in disadvantaged production environments. The paper also argues that present rDNA techniques allow only static gains from specific “trait” improvements. But these GM products can be installed on Green...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified foods; Genetic engineering; Crop Production/Industries; O1; O4; Q1.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28504

Long-Run Structural and Productivity Change in U.S. Agriculture: Effects of Prices and Policies
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.; Huffman,   Wallace E.
This paper presents (1) a conceptual framework for structural change when farms may be multiproduct or specialized and (2) an econometrics examination of causes of structural and total factor productivity (TFP) change for U.S. agriculture. Farm size, farm specialization, and part-time farming are the structural dimension emphasized, and they become potential channels to TFP change. Using state aggregate data starting in 1950, we conclude that input prices, public and private research, public extension, and government commodity programs have directly and indirectly caused change in U.S. farm structure and TFP. Our results suggest that changes in farm size, however, have been dominated by input price changes rather than by technology or government programs.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm structure; Productivity; Farm size; Farm specialization; Part-time farming; Research; Technical change; Agriculture; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28518

Green Revolution Counterfactuals
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Msangi,   Siwa; Sulser,   Timothy B.
In this paper, we conduct two “"counterfactual" simulations for the 30-year period 1970-2000-the first holding 1970 crop genetic improvements (CGI) constant and the second presuming the International Agricultural Research Center (IARC) system had not been built. Both these counterfactuals apply to developing countries only. The core estimates on which the counterfactuals are based include country fixed effects , and the key estimates are for the Dietary Energy Sufficiency (DES) equation. DES affects birth rates, death rates, child mortality rates and malnutrition rates, making it possible to “"endogenize”" population growth in developing countries, in the counterfactuals.  Reduced DES levels (from reduced CGI contributions) will lead to more births, more...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21363

NEW ECONOMETRIC EVIDENCE ON AGRICULTURAL TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY DETERMINANTS: IMPACT OF FUNDING SOURCES
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Huffman,   Wallace E.; Evenson,   Robert E.
This paper examines the impact of public and private agricultural research and extension on agricultural total factor productivity at the state level. We test the hypothesis that the composition of agricultural experiment station funding share of funding from impact of federal competitive grants and contracts and from federal formula and state government appropriations---affects the productivity of public agricultural research using data for the 48 contiguous states over 1970-1999.  Our results show not only that sources of funding matter, but that an increase in federal competitive grant funding at the expense of federal formula funding would lower the productivity of public agricultural research. Furthermore, our simulation results show that a few states...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18201

ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1969
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13691

The Effects of Transaction Costs on Labor Market Participation and Earnings: Evidence from Rural Philippines Markets
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lanzona,   Leonardo; Evenson,   Robert E.
The paper aims to measure transaction costs and its effects on labor market participation and on wage earnings. The observed differences between buying and selling prices of rice across households are used to calculate transaction costs indices for villages which are incorporated into the standard labor market participation and Mincer wage equations. The estimates indicate that transaction costs may be a source of the income differentials between (a) the landed and the landless, (b) the rural and the urban areas, and (c) the males and the females. Furthermore, biases can be noted in the regression coefficients of estimates that do not control for transaction costs.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Transaction costs; Labor market participation; Philippines; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28465

Research Evaluation: Policy Interests and the State of the Art
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49067

PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH U.S. AGRICULTURE: AN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES, AND PROSPECTS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17253

Total Factor Productivity and Sources of Long-term Growth in Indian Agriculture
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Evenson,   Robert E.
This paper assesses total factor productivity (TFP) growth in India, examines the  sources of productivity growth, including public and private investment, and estimates the  rates of return to public investments in agriculture.  The results show that significant TFP  growth in the Indian crops sector was produced by investments -- primarily in research -- but  also in extension, markets, and irrigation.  The high rates of return, particularly to public  agricultural  research  and  extension,  indicate  that  the  Government  of  India  is  not  over  investing in agricultural research and investment, but rather that current levels of public  investment could be profitably expanded.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42821

Supervision and Transaction Costs: Evidence from Rice Farms in Bicol, The Philippines
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.; Kimhi,   Ayal; Desilva,   Sanjaya.
Labor markets in all economies are subject to transaction costs associated with recruiting, monitoring and supervising workers. Rural labor markets in developing economies, where institutions such as labor and contract law and formal employment assistance mechanisms are not in place, are regarded to be particularly sensitive to transaction cost conditions. The inherent difficulty of measuring transaction costs has limited studies on this topic. In this paper, we analyze supervision activities reported in a cross-section survey of rice farmers in the Bicol region of the Philippines. This survey is unique because it provides supervision data at the farm task level. We present a simple optimization model in which supervision intensity increases the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Transaction costs; Supervision; Labor markets; Philippines; Crop Production/Industries; 013; D23; J43; Q12.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28467

Agricultural Productivity Measures for U.S. States 1950-82
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.; Landau,   Daniel; Ballou,   Dale.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50019

Technology Capital: The Price of Admission to the Growth Club
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.; Fuglie,   Keith O.
We assess long-run patterns of global agricultural productivity growth in developing countries between 1970 and 2005 and examine the relationship between investments in technology capital and productivity.  To measure agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) we employ a Solow-type growth accounting method to decompose output growth into input and TFP growth.  For technology capital we construct two indexes reflecting national capacities in agricultural research and education-extension for 87 developing countries. We then correlate technology capital levels with long-term growth rates in agricultural TFP. Our findings show that average agricultural TFP growth in developing countries accelerated in the 1980s and 1990s but fell marginally in the early...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Agricultural extension; Agricultural research; Land quality; Agricultural cost shares; Growth accounting; Total factor productivity (TFP); International Development; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q10; Q16; O13; O30; O47; O57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51398

SUPERVISION AND TRANSACTION COSTS:  EVIDENCE FROM RICE FARMS IN BICOL, THE PHILIPPINES
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.; Kimhi,   Ayal; Desilva,   Sanjaya.
Labor markets in all economies are subject to transaction costs associated with recruiting, monitoring and supervising workers.  The level of transaction costs affects labor and land contract choices and family labor advantages.  Rural labor markets in developing economies, where institutions such as labor and contract law and formal employment assistance mechanisms are not in place, are regarded to be particularly sensitive to transaction cost conditions.  A number of studies of contract choice support this contention.  The inherent difficulty of measuring transaction costs, however, has limited studies on this topic. In this paper, we analyze supervision activities reported in a cross-section survey of rice farmers in the Bicol region of the Philippines....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21788

Does Intellectual Property Protection Spur Technological Change?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kanwar,   Sunil; Evenson,   Robert E.
Of the diverse factors motivating technological change, one factor that has received increasing attention in the recent past has been the protection of intellectual property rights. Given fairly recent changes in the international policy ethos where a regime of stronger intellectual property protection has become a fait accompli for most developing countries, it is of some significance to ask whether more stringent protection of intellectual property does indeed encourage innovation. And this is the question which this paper examines, utilising cross-country panel data on R&amp;D investment, patent protection and other country-specific characteristics spanning the period 1981-1990. The evidence unambiguously indicates the significance of intellectual...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Technological change; Economic growth; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O34; O31.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28432

The Effects of Agricultural Extension on Farm Yields in Kenya
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.; Mwabu,   Germano.
The paper examines effects of agricultural extension on crop yields in Kenya controlling for other determinants of yields, notably the schooling of farmers and agro-ecological characteristics of arable land. The data we use were collected by the Government of Kenya in 1982 and 1990, but the estimation results reported in the paper are based primarily on the 1982 data set. The sample used for estimation contains information about crop production, agricultural extension workers (exogenously supplied to farms), educational attainment of farmers, usage of farm inputs, among others. A quantile regression technique was used to investigate productivity effects of agricultural extension and other farm inputs over the entire conditional distribution of farm yield...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural extension; Economic effects; Q16; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; O13.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28509