Consulta: creatorFacets:"Grizel, Henri"
Registros recuperados: 94
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 03:17:47

Les maladies des mollusques : étiologie et progrès récents des recherches
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
Recent research in mollusc pathology has enabled different pathogens of the large systematlc groups to be described. The main microorganisms and Protozoans are enumerated showing the economic incidence of the deseases on mollusc production. We also mention recent results obtained in the laborarory for dlfferent purified organisms. Finally, we review advances in cell culture giving an example of the application of these techniques experimental pathogenesis.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathogens; Pathology; Molluscs; Agents pathogènes; Pathologie; Mollusques.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/publication-3105.pdf

Parasites nouveaux de la glande digestive des mollusques marins Mytilus edulis L. et Cardium edule L.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Comps, Michel; Grizel, Henri; Tige, Gilbert; Duthoit, Jean-louis.
Some similar stages to those of the digestive gland parasite in the Ostrea edulis have been observed in the Mytilus edulis as well as in the Cardium edule in which the simultaneous presence of some Microsporidia spores was noticed. Their study with an electron microscope enabled the description of their structural specificities and characteristics.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1975
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1975/publication-5914.PDF

Mise au point de techniques d'isolement de parasites - Compte rendu d'activité
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Bachere, Evelyne; Gagneraud, Sylvie; Audic, Guylaine.
Les recherches faisant l'objet de ce contrat ont porté sur la mise au point de techniques adaptées aux bivalves marins et à l'étude du parasite Bonamia ostreae responsable de la maladie hémocytaire de l'huître plate, Ostrea edulis.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Huître plate; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Techniques laboratoire.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12626/9514.pdf

Données sur la situation de la maladie de l'huître plate, Ostrea edulis L.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Tige, Gilbert; Rabouin, Marie-agnès.
Throughout the years 1974-1975, the flat oyster (Ostrea edulis Linné) disease has gradually spread to most of the French oyster culture centres and caused very important losses in farmed oysters and natural deposits. This note analyses the current evolution of the epizooty; to do so, we differentiate three types of flat oyster culture centres: Centres affected in the past by the epizooty and where the traditional flat oyster culture has become uncertain. It has been replaced by the culture of Crassostrea gigas and by the finishing, for 7 to 8 months, of flat oysters aged 3 or 4 years old which remained of good quality. Centres recently touched by the epizooty where the culture of flat oysters (18 months and 2 years old) from unharmed spat is still possible...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marteilia refringens; Pathologie; Ostrea edulis; Huître.
Ano: 1976
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1976/acte-5928.PDF

Mortalités d'huîtres japonaises sur le Banc de Ronce Les Bains : rapport provisoire au 4/8/88
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bodoy, Alain; Garnier, Jacqueline; Geairon, Philippe; Chagot, Dominique; Grizel, Henri; Comps, Michel; Razet, Daniel.
Depuis le mois de juin 1988, les ostréiculteurs ont fait part de la présence de mortalités importantes sur le banc de Ronce (bassin de Marennes-Oléron), d'abord auprès de l'Ifremer et des Affaires Maritimes, puis des pouvoirs publics. Ces problèmes ont été évoqués lors d'une réunion en Préfecture de Charente-Maritime, le 4 juillet 1988. Il s'est alors avéré nécessaire de réaliser un constat de la situation notamment sur le banc de Ronce, et de faire le point sur les causes pouvant être à l'origine de la situation sur les mortalités survenues dans cette zone. Cette décision a été confirmée le 12 juillet, lors d'une réunion à la Sous-Préfecture de Rochefort. Le présent rapport présente les résultats scientifiques actuellement disponibles, ainsi que les...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalité; Météorolgie; Paramètres hydrologiques; Physiologie; Croissance; Bivalvia; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00086/19765/17406.pdf

Rapport sur l'étude de la parasitose de l'huitre plate en Bretagne - Etude sur Bonamia Ostreae (Épidémiologie, cycles, essais d'éradication)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Tige, Gilbert; Gadeau, V.; Bachere, Evelyne.
En 1968, un nouveau parasite est mis en évidence par HERRBACB (1971) sur des huîtres plates élevées dans l'Aber Wrach. celui-ci, décrit en 1974 par GRIZEL et coll., sous le nom de Marteilia refringens, s'est propagé progressivement à de nombreux centres d'élevages bretons atteignant le département du Morbihan en 1974 (GRIZEL et coll., 1976). Les premières zones touchées ont été le golfe du Morbihan et la rivière d'Auray, puis en 1975 les rivières de St Philibert et de Crach. La période d'infestation, limitée dans le temps, a lieu durant la période estivale principalement au cours des mois de juillet et août (GRIZEL et coll., 1977). Afin d'enrayer la maladie, et suite aux connaissances acquises, des mesures prophylactiques ont été mises en place, notamment...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1980
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00045/15674/13077.pdf

Pathologie des mollusques bivalves et protection des cheptels coquilliers
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
Shellfish farms show a number of specificities, some of which are decisive in the triggering and spreading of infectious and non-infectious diseases. This chapter deals only with infectious diseases which are currently the major hazard in shellfish culture, due to their virulence but also to the insufficiency of available fighting means. The epidemiological analysis is essentially based on the example of French shellfish culture. But the conclusions that can be drawn are of general interest. We then tackle the therapeutic and prophylactic fighting means. This study highlights the specificities of epizooties in bivalve molluscs and the constraints raised by fighting against farm diseases in an open and fluid environment,  farming habits and the consumption...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mesures zootechniques; Traitement maladies; Prophylaxies zoosanitaires; Diagnostic; Maladies infectieuses; Maladies; Bivalves; Mollusques; Pathologie.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/publication-6246.PDF

Données sur la situation de la maladie de l'huître plate, Ostrea edulis
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Tige, Gilbert; Rabouin, Marie-agnès.
Au cours des années 1974-1975, la maladie de l'huître plate, Ostrea edulis Linné, a peu à peu gagné la majorité des centres ostréicoles français et provoqué des pertes très importantes tant sur les huîtres d'élevage que sur les gisements naturels. Cette note analyse l'évolution actuelle de l'épizootie ; elle distingue pour cela trois types de centres d'élevage de l'huître plate : les centres anciennement touchés par l'épizootie où la culture traditionnelle de l'huître plate est devenue aléatoire. Elle est remplacée par celle de Crassostrea gigas et par l'affinage, pendant 7 à 8 mois, d'huîtres plates de 3 ou 4 ans qui restent de bonne qualité. Les centres récemment atteints par l'épizootie où, après dragage des bancs naturels parasités, l'élevage d'huîtres...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Ostrea edulis; Pathologie; Maladie; Huître plate.
Ano: 1976
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/11999/8692.pdf

Rapport sur les causes des mortalités d'huîtres creuses observées en juin 1992 sur le Banc de Ronce Les Bains (Bassin de Marennes-Oléron)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Bacher, Cedric; Razet, Daniel; Prou, Jean; Galgani, Francois; Renault, Tristan; Bodoy, Alain; Garnier, Jacqueline; Geairon, Philippe; Chagot, Dominique; Grizel, Henri; Comps, Michel; Masson, Daniel; Noinin, Michel.
Dès le 4 JUIN 1992, un ostréiculteur digne de confiance avait signalé aux services d'IFREMER, une situation anormale sur le banc de Ronce les Bains. Un premier prélèvement a été effectué le jour même. En effet, ce secteur avait déjà été le lieu de mortalités d'huitres estimées à 7 000 tonnes, au printemps 1988, et s'est révélé par le passé comme étant un endroit sensible. Pour information, figure en annexe le rapport établi en 1988, à destination du Préfet de la Charente Maritime. Ces mortalités ayant rapidement pris de l'ampleur, un dépôt de plainte contre X a été effectué par la Section Régionale de la Conchyliculture. A la suite de quoi, les services d'IFREMER ont été requis par la Gendarmerie Nationale (Brigade de Marennes) le 10 juin 1992, pour...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Banc de Ronce Les Bains; Bassin de Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15899/13327.pdf

Sublethal and histopathological effects of trace levels of tributyltin fluoride on adult oysters Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Chagot, Dominique; Alzieu, Claude; Sanjuan, Jane; Grizel, Henri.
Shell malformations and histological effects of environmental concentrations of TBTF (2, 13.1 and 64.8 ng/!) were assessed on adult oysters Crassostrea gigas during a I-month experiment, incIuding both an exposure and a depuration phase. The results showed that the digestive gland is the primary target organ. Recoverable modifications were observed at the lowest concentration. Limited necrosis was observed at the highest concentration and a longer exposure could have led to extensive and irreversible tissue lesions. Shell malformations (chambering) were observed during the depuration phase. Finally the authors suggest that safe TBT levels in mariculture waters should be lower than 2 ng/l.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Histopathological effects; Crassostrea gigas; Tributyltin; Effets histopathologiques; Crassostrea gigas; Tributylétain.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/publication-2754.pdf

Etude comparée de la croissance de Crassostrea gigas Thunberg dans trois rivières du Morbihan
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Auger, Christian; Grizel, Henri; Tige, Gilbert; Langlade, Aime; Rabouin, Marie-agnès.
Breeding Crassostrea gigas was conducted in three rivers of Morbihan (Brittany France). During one year, every four months, their increasement was examined. In one of these rivers, oysters showed, however their age and their origin, an abnormal increasement. Shells were very thick, with many chambers. At the opposite, in the two others rivers, oysters did not show that disordered state. Shells were sound and their linear increasement was harmonious
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coquilles; Physiologie; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1977/acte-6245.PDF

Observations sur le cycle de Marteilia refringens
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Tige, Gilbert.
Observations on the cycle of Marteilia refringens in light and electronic microscopy led us to realise in situ experiences of experimental infestation. According to the rivers the period of infestation varied between may and auguste. During the winter the parasite seems to be absent from the tissues of the oyster.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostrea edulis; Parasite; Infestation; Marteilia refringens.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1979/publication-3225.pdf

Etude et mise au point d'un procédé de captage d'huîtres plates utilisable en eau profonde
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Martin, Anne-geneviève; Grizel, Henri; Langlade, Aimé; Cadoret, François.
Un nouveau procédé de captage d'huîtres plates en eau profonde a été mis au point en baie de Quiberon (Bretagne) de 1978 à 1982. Il est basé sur l'utilisation de la coquille de moule étuvée placée dans des filets maintenus en suspension au-dessus du sol. Ce travail analyse différents paramètres influant sur l'intensité de captage (hauteur au-dessus du sol, disposition des collecteurs, épaisseur de la couche collectrice, site). Il aboutit à la définition d'un système très performant permettant une production dont le coût se révèle nettement moindre que celui des collecteurs tuiles classiquement utilisés dans la zone de balancement des marées. Ce procédé a également été employé, avec succès dans d'autres sites.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/publication-7041.pdf

Branchial Rickettsiales-like infection associated with a mass mortality of sea scallop Pecten maximus
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Legall, Ghyslaine; Chagot, Dominique; Mialhe, Eric; Grizel, Henri.
A branchial infection of Pecten maximus is histologically and ultrastructurally described. Gill epithelial cells were heavily infected with colonies of procaryotes, believed ta belong to the Rickettsiales.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-3125.pdf

Recherches sur une maladie epizootique de l'huitre plate Ostrea edulis Linne
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bonami, Jean-robert; Grizel, Henri; Vago, Constantin; Dutholt, Jean-louis.
Digestive glands of Ostrea edulis affected by an epizootic have been examined by light- and electron- microscopy. Round, compact lesions in the digestive gland cells contain refractive elements staining slightly blue or red with Geimsa. Ultra-structurally, each lesion contains (a) dense cytoplasma, without mitochondria and with paracrystal-line inclusions, (b) enclosed regions with vacuolar cytoplasm, no mitochondria and two types of formation; one is opaque, the other a vacuole containing ribosomes, lamellar structures and peripheral ovoid particles. The nature and significance of these structures is not known.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Histology; Epizooty; Ostrea edulis.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1971/publication-2238.pdf

Evolution de la situation épizootiologique en Bretagne en 1983 suite au développement de Bonamia ostreae
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Tige, Gilbert; Grizel, Henri; Cochennec, Nathalie; Rabouin, Marie-agnès.
Bonamia ostreae diseease is always present in Brittany in the different farming areaa except few free natural oysters beds. Yet Bonamiose disease have not increased in the Bay of Cancale on oysters initialy very few parasited. The technical modifications of rearing and the eradication on sick oysters could explain this situation.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; Bretagne; Pathologie; Parasite; Bonamiose; Bonamia ostreae.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/acte-4971.PDF

Données sur le nouveau parasite de l'huître plate. Situation épidémiologique
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Tige, Gilbert; Grizel, Henri; Comps, Michel.
Abnormal mortalities of flat oysters, Ostrea edulis, have been monitored in June 1979 in some farms of l'Ile Tudy. The examination of these oysters with light and electron microscopy showed different forms of an intracellular parasite localized in the connective tissue of the gills and the digestive gland. It is also detectable in the blood vessels and the stomachal epithelium. Numerous parasited oysters showed distinctive branchial damages (perforations, indentations) visible through macroscopic examination. The epidemiological monitoring carried out on the Norman and Breton coast revealed the presence of this parasite in a large number of flat oyster farms. The percentage of parasited oysters is higher in areas where mortalities have been monitored but...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Epidémiologie; Huître plate; Ostrea edulis; Mortalité.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1980/acte-4925.PDF

Etude d'impact de la pollution pétrolière de L'Amoco Cadiz sur les huitres - Mars 1978 / Avril 1979
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Michel, Pierre; Grizel, Henri.
Dans la nuit du 16 mars 1978, le pétrolier "AMOCO CADIZ" venait s'échouer à PORTSALL,à la pointe nord-ouest de la Bretagne avec ses 223 000 tonnes de pétrole brut en provenance d'Arabie et d'Iran. Dans les trois semaines qui ont suivi l'accident, la totalité de la cargaison est partie à la mer.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00046/15734/13136.pdf

Biotechnologies marines : mythe ou réalité
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
En France, la notion de biotechnologies marines (BM) a vu le jour depuis une dizaine d'années sous la poussée d'un petit groupe de chercheurs. Actuellement, et malgré tous les efforts déployés, elle a encore bien du mal à percer dans le monde scientifique et industriel.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; Recherche; Biotechnologie marine.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1993/publication-7451.pdf

Serological and analysis of Bonamia in Ostrea edulis and Tiostrea lutaria using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Mialhe, Eric; Boulo, Viviane; Elston, Ralph; Hill, Barry; Hine, Michel; Montes, Jaime; Mont, Jaime; Banning, Paul Van; Grizel, Henri.
Murine moncolonal and polyclonal antibodies to antigesn of Bonamia ostreae were assessed for serological comparaison of parasites associated with different geographical originns of flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, and with Tiostrea lutaria. All Bonamia isolates from O. edulis reacted similary with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. The parasite associed with Tiostrea lutaria which lacks reactivity with 20 B 2 MAB must be considered as a serologically distinct from of B. ostreae
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Serological comparison; Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies; Tiostrea lutaria; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia; Comparaison sérologique; Anticorps polyclonaux et monoclonaux; Tiostrea lutaria; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-3101.pdf

Journées du Département RA - Compte-rendu de la revue du thème "santé des cheptels"
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Berthe, Franck.
Les 21 et 22 juin 2000, le Département des Ressources Aquacoles a consacré ses journées annuelles à une revue du thème "santé des cheptels" et du dispositif de recherche en pathologie sur les filières poissons, crustacés et mollusques, domaine très stratégique pour l'aquaculture marine française. Les objectifs des ces journées, rappelés par Yves Harache, Directeur du Département, étaient les suivante : • Dresser le bilan des actions de recherche menées par l'Ifremer en pathologie des espèces aquacoles,  • Repréciser la stratégie (objectifs/moyens) du Département des Ressources Aquacoles sur le thème "santé des cheptels",  • Programmer les actions de recherche à venir, • Stimuler les interactions entre groupes de recherche et laboratoires impliqués. Le...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Ecotoxicologie; Mortalités; Ecopathologie; Poissons; Crustacés; Mollusques; Nacres.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00164/27547/25711.pdf

REseau MOllusques des Rendements Aquacoles de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas sur les côtes françaises (REMORA). Résultats des stations nationales et régionales dans la lagune de Thau pour l'année 2002.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Gall, Patrik; Lagarde, Franck; Pichot, Yves; Grizel, Henri; Hamon, Pierre-yves; Vercelli, Catherine.
This report presents the main results for 2002 of the eight points in the Lagune de Thau, in accordance with the monitoring network REMORA: 3 national points and 5 regional added by the «Laboratoire Conchylicole de Méditerranée». Only adults batch is observed in the Mediterranean sea. This year the mortality ratio is low (&lt; 5 %), without significant differences between areas. Like for the whole national network, the average individual weight are less than previous years in Bouzigues and Marseillan area ; in opposite Mèze area has better results. Bouzigues area presents the best productivity rate (3.1) and the worst in the middle of the zone. The AFNOR index, calculed in December, allows to classify the oysters like "spéciales". The best values are...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; Méditerranée.; Huître creuse; Crassastrea gigas; Mortalité; Qualité; France; Lagune de Thau; Croissance; REMORA; France; Mediterranean Sea; Lagune de Thau; Crassos/rea gigas; Mortality; Growth; Quality; Polvdora sv.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00113/22385/20080.pdf

Bonamiasis : a model study of diseases in marine molluscs
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Mialhe, Eric; Chagot, Dominique; Boulo, Viviane; Bachere, Evelyne.
Research on bonamiasis, an epizootic disease of the edible oyster Ostrea edu/is caused by the protozoan Bonamia ostreae, is discussed in relation to oyster fanning, research technology, epizootiology, and management. Morphological and infectious characteristics of the parasite are described. Recent progress in isolation and purification of the parasite have permitted investigations into host defense mechanisms, parasite infectivity, and the development of a mol1usc-pathogen mode!.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Epizootic disease; Pathology; Protozoan; Bonamia ostreae; Oysters.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-3120.pdf

An infection of Ruditapes decussatus (Bivalvia) by Rickettsia
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Mialhe, Eric; Chagot, Dominique; Boulo, Viviane; Comps, Michel; Ruano, Francisco; Grizel, Henri.
The authors report the presence of a Rickettsia in Ruditapes decussatus from natural populations of the Algarve (Portugal). Light microscopic shows infections of varying importance in gill tissues. Some enclose small procaryotic colonies (cp) scattered in all lamellae; in others, the colonies are scarce and hypertrophic (100 mu m). These different pictures suggest an amplification process. Digestive diverticulae may also be infected, but to a lesser extent. The ultrastructural features of this intravacuolar (mvd: densified vacuolar membrane) procaryote (P) and its multiplication by scission without a complex developmental cycle allows its classification in the order Rickettsiales.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ruditapes philippinarum; Pathogens; Histopathology; Pathology.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/acte-3107.pdf

Développement et cycle du parasite responsable de l'épizootie de l'huître plate Ostrea edulis L.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
The description, in light microscopy, of the different stages of the evolution of the Ostrea edulis digestive gland parasite enabled the highlighting of an annual evolution cycle in sick oyster populations.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostrea edulis; Huître plate; Pathologie; Parasitologie.
Ano: 1975
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1975/acte-6167.PDF

Essais d'infestations expérimentales entre Crassostrea rhizophorae et Carcinus maenas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Tige, Gilbert.
Following our aim of developing oyster culture in French Guyana and studying the different options available to increase a stock of new oyster species, we were lead to search for possible parasites in Crassostrea rhizophorae. These oysters from the French Guyanese coasts host some gregarine Nematopsis sp. spores, characterized by Comps, Grizel and Tige (1972). Through this work, we conducted some experimental infestation trials between Crassostrea rhizophorae spats parasited by these spores and the most common crab on metropolitan farms Carcinus maenas.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Naissain; Infestations expérimentales; Parasite; Carcinus maenas; Crassostrea rhizophorae; Pathologie.
Ano: 1975
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1975/acte-6290.PDF

Incidences de l'Amoco-Cadiz sur les exploitations ostréicoles - Contrat C.N.E.X.O. 79/6020
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Michel, Pierre; Grizel, Henri.
La présente étude n'est pas limitée dans le temps à la durée de la convention de recherche qui lui est propre. En effet, le suivi de la contamination des huîtres touchées par l'"Amoco-Cadiz" a débuté aussitôt après l'échouage du pétrolier en mars 1978, supporté par le contrat C.N.E.X.O. 78/5719. On ne peut dissocier du point de vue scientifique ce qui s'est passé dans l'année qui a suivi l'échouage et ce qui s'est passé après. Nous reprenons donc ici le bilan global des essais et mesures que nous avons effectués sur les huîtres en 1978 et 1979. Des travaux spécifiques, portant sur les huîtres, sont mis en place rapidement. Ils visent, outre l'intérêt scientifique indéniable qu'ils représentent, à répondre aux problèmes pratiques soulevés par les...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00046/15685/13087.pdf

Study of a haplosporidian (Ascetospora), parasitizing the Australian flat oyster Ostrea angasi
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bachere, Evelyne; Chagot, Dominique; Tige, Gilbert; Grizel, Henri.
Considering the epizootics which affect the French stock of flat oysters, Ostrea edulis (Grizel, 1985), trials to introduce an Australian oyster, Ostrea angasi, have been undertaken. The spat produced in a hatchery from breeders imported from Australia were reared in the south ofBrittany and in Normandy (Bougrier et al., 1986). Following mass mortalities (65% of individuals) a haplosporidian was observed in this species. Sporogenesis of the parasite was studied using Iight and electron microscopy.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Haplosporidian; Parasitology; Pathology; Ostrea angasi; Oysters.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-3112.pdf

Sur un abces du manteau de Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; His, Edouard.
An unusual abscess of the mantle is described. Microscopic examinations revealed an invasive infiltration of the vesicular connective tissue by leucocytes, and a typical pseudo-stratified epithelium.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: ANE; Arcachon Lagoon Crassostrea gigas Mantle Diseases.
Ano: 1978
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1978/publication-1964.pdf

Habitat use of a multispecific seagrass meadow by green turtles Chelonia mydas at Mayotte Island
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Ballorain, Katia; Ciccione, Stephane; Bourjea, Jerome; Grizel, Henri; Enstipp, Manfred; Georges, Jean-yves.
We investigated the habitat use in green turtles exploiting a 13-ha multispecific seagrass meadow at Mayotte Island, south-western Indian Ocean. A phytoecological survey shows the occurrence of eight seagrass species, dominated by Halodule uninervis and Syringodium isoetifolium, distributed according to four distinct seagrass communities along the depth gradient. Direct underwater censuses show that green turtles occurred all over the meadow. Yet when community relative surface area was taken into account green turtles preferentially frequented the most seaward, biomass-richer S. isoetifolium-dominated community, suggesting that green turtles compensate for their intrinsically nutrient-poor herbivorous diet. Additionally, smaller (\80 cm standard curved...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00018/12918/10201.pdf

Etude des recentes epizooties de l'huitre plate Ostrea Edulis Linne et de leur impact sur l'ostreiculture bretonne
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
The study concerns two previously unseen Protozoa, Marteilia refringens and Bonamia ostreae, responsible for epizootics in the flat oyster, Ostrea edulis L. The epizootiological aspect, the impact of diseases on Breton oyster farming and the research for appropriate prophylaxes is addressed. The morphology, the ultrastructure and certain phases of the growth cycle are described for the two parasites, as well as their cyto- and histopathogenic effects. The epizootiology explains the evolution of the diseases in space and time, their conditions for propagating, the sensitivity of the parasites and the receptivity of various test hosts. A summary analysis of Breton oyster farming before and during the epizootic is done. It makes it possible to judge the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Impact; Prophylaxies; Epizootiologie; Bonamia ostreae; Martelia refrengens; Protozoaires; Epizooties; Ostrea edulis; Huître plate; Ostréiculture; Bretagne.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/these-2581.pdf

Rapport d'activité 1989 du Laboratoire de Pathologie et de Génétique des Invertébrés Marins (LPGIM) - La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Rapport activité; Pathologie; Génétique; Invertebres marins.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00077/18839/16414.pdf

Marteilia refringens and oyster disease - Recent observations
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
The parasite responsible for the disease of the flat oyster, Ostrea edulis has been the object of numerous studies (Comps 1970), (Tigé and Morel, 1974, Perkins, 1976) in which most considered the internal cycle of development of the parasite in the oyster, and the parasite's structure, ultrastructure, and systematic position, of which the latter remains debatable. In this paper I mention observations made at the time of diagnosis for the presence of infections and information gained through studies of oysters on the bottoms of estuaries and coastal waters. The research is designed to provide practical solutions to problems facing oyster culture.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1979/publication-3222.pdf

Impact de Marteilia refringens et de Bonamia ostreae sur l'ostréiculture bretonne
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
Two successive diseases struck the flat oyster Ostrea edulis farms in Brittany. These two epizooties lead to some changes in the farming practices. The oyster culture developed towards the open ocean, in the sublitoral part. New techniques have been developed for the culture and collection. The flat oyster has been partially replaced by the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas whose production went from 3 000 to 16 000 tonnes. They also had heavy consequences on the regional economy. The important mortalities decimated the stocks. The production dropped by about 17 000 tonnes from 1910 to 1982. For the same period of time, profits from the sale of the produced flat oysters dropped from 131.6 million to 65.2 million francs. Numerous companies reduced the surface...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bonamia ostreae; Marteilia refringens; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Ostrea edulis; Huître; Pathologie.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-5924.PDF

Premiers essais d'une nouvelle technique de captage d'huîtres plates en Baie de Quiberon
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Langlade, Aime; Perodou, Jean-bernard.
Some observations on spat collection, carried out in 1976 and 1977, lead us to use mussel shells in suspension. In 1978, while bottom collection, in deep water farms, had been very bad, large quantities of spat were collected using our method. The sectors used, the percentage of collecting mussel shells and the amount of spat par shell are indicated in this note.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Naissain; Captage; Ostrea edulis; Huître plate.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1979/acte-6288.PDF

Essais de captage d'huître plate avec de nouveaux types de collecteurs
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Martin, Anne-genevieve; Grizel, Henri; Langlade, Aime.
Malgré l'augmentation du coût de la main d'oeuvre au cours des dernières années, il a été constaté une diminution du prix du naissain capté d'une manière traditionnelle à l'aide de tuiles chaulées. Le besoin de rechercher des collecteurs aussi performants que la tuile mais surtout plus facilement maniables et d'un coût moins élevé s'est fait de plus en plus ressentir dans la profession ostréicole. Les deux nouveaux types de collecteurs étudiés semblent, sous réserve de modifications, réclamer moins de manipulations que la tuile. Ceci pourrait se traduite par une diminution du prix de production du naissain
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Collecteur; Ostrea edulis; Huître plate; Naissain; Captage; Reproduction.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1982/acte-5016.PDF

Les maladies des mollusques bivalves: risques et prévention
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
La conchyliculture basée sur les activités de pêche et d'élevage dans le milieu naturel s'est considérablement développée au cours de ces dernières années, notamment grâce à la production de naissain dans les écloseries et les nurseries, L'accroissement des demandes des échanges de produits, facilité par les moyens modernes de transport, a provoqué une augmentation des risques de propagation de maladies. En s'appuyant sur des exemples, une analyse est faite sur les risques encourus liés aux pratiques conchylicoles et à l'état actuel des connaissances scientifiques. Des recommandations sont formulées sur la prévention, sur le besoin de réglementations et sur les difficultés rencontrées dans ce domaine, Enfin, quelques suggestions sont proposées pour mieux...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Analyse des risques; Commerce international; Conchyliculture; Maladies; Mollusques bivalves; Santé animale.; Animal health; Bivalve molluscs; Diseases; International trade; Risk analysis; Shellfish farming.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/publication-6089.PDF

Epizootiologie des mollusques bivalves : mesures de prophylaxie
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
La conchyliculture résulte de l'évolution d'une activité de cueillette vers une activité sédentaire de culture. Cette évolution s'est faite par étapes dont les principales sont la gestion des gisements naturels, l'affinage des produits issus de ces gisements et la maîtrise du captage et de l'élevage des juvéniles et adultes. Ces différentes étapes sont d'ailleurs encore observables dans plusieurs pays. Cette évolution a été généralement suscitée par l'amélioration du gain et à conduit les éleveurs à accroître le nombre d'animaux élevés sur une superficie déterminée. En contre partie le passage d'une exploitation extensive à une exploitation intensive à fait surgir à plus ou moins long terme des problèmes peu connus jusqu'alors dans les exploitations du...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Prophylaxie; Epizootiologie; Epizootie; Pathologie; Conchyliculture.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/acte-4970.PDF

Essai de réimplantation de Crassostrea angulata en France. Résistance au chambrage et comportement des hybrides C. angulata - C. gigas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bougrier, Serge; Raguenes, Gerard; Bachere, Evelyne; Tige, Gilbert; Grizel, Henri.
The inability to rear the oysters C. gigas and O. edulis in certain Brittany waters has prompted us to conduct breeding trials with C. angulata C. gigas and their hybrids. Results have revealed that all the strains tested were sensitive to Tributyl tin (TBT), showing atnormal shell thickness and their growth was lower than C. gigas. In addition, C. angulata was still affected by the presence of the Iridovirus in France.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: TBT; Breeding trials; Hubrids; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; TBT; Chambrage; Croisement; Hybrides; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-3102.pdf

Maladie hémogtaire de l'huître plate causée par Bonamia ostreae : évolution de la situation épizootiologique en Bretagne au cours de l'année 1981
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Tige, Gilbert; Grizel, Henri; Rabouin, Marie-agnès; Cochonnec, Nathalie; Audic, Guylaine; Langlade, Aimé.
Au mois de juin 1979, des mortalités anormales d'huitres plates ont été observées sur les parcs de l'ile Tudy en Bretagne. Les examens histologiques effectués sur ces huîtres ont permis de mettre en évidence, au niveau des cellules sanguines, un protiste, nouveau parasite intracytoplasmique (Comps et al., 1980), ultérieurement désigné sous le nom de Bonamia ostreae (Pichot el al., 1980). Cette parasitose hémogtaire s'est étendue rapidement, en 1980, aux principaux secteurs ostréicoles de Bretagne (Tigé et al., 1980, 1981) affectant gravement la production d'huîtres plates. Les résultats des contrôles effectués au cours de 1981 sont regroupés dans la présente note, qui donne des précisions sur la situation épizootiologique et sur son évolution
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1982
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1982/publication-7025.pdf

A direct monoclonal antibody sandwich immunoassay for detection of Bonamia ostreae (Ascetospora) in hemolymph samples of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis (Mollusca : Bivalvia)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Cochennec, Nathalie; Hervio, Dominique; Panatier, B; Boulo, Viviane; Mialhe, Eric; Rogier, H; Grizel, Henri; Paolucci, F.
Currently recognition of molluscan diseases relies heavily upon light microscopic examination of stained histological sections of molluscan tissues Such histopathological methods are time consuming and relatively inefficient In the study of ongoing epizootics Alternatively, more effluent investigative tools are needed to accelerate disease recognition and quantification Such methods are needed to prevent control and eradicate molluscan diseases This paper reports the development of a direct sandwich enzyme-lmmunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the ascetosporan intrahemocytic parasite Bonamiao ostreae of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis. Bonamiasis is a commercially important epizootic disease of oysters A Bonamia-specific monoclonal antibody is employed in the...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/publication-2765.pdf

Bonamia ostreae, parasite of the European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, does not experimentally infect the Japanese oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Cochennec, Nathalie; Grizel, Henri.
The protozoan Bonamia ostreae (Ascetospora) is the etiological agent of bonamiosis, or hemocyte disease of the European fiat oyster, Ostrea edulis (Pichot et al., 1980). Since this infection was first reported from the coast of Brittany (Comps et al., 1980), the parasite has spread rapidly along the French Atlantic coasts (Grizel &amp; Tigé, 1982), and in the European countries including the UK, Holland, lreland and Spain (Bannister &amp; Key, 1982; Van Banning, 1982; Polanco et al., 1984). Under the EEC Council Directive 91/67, this parasitic protozoan is included in list II of Annex A. Serious pathogen agents for molluscs that should be obligatorily declared are placed in this list
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Infection; Protozoan; Oyster; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1995/publication-2892.pdf

Le réseau de pathologie des mollusques. REPAMO
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
The creation of a mollusc pathology network was in effect and made official during 1992. The subject of this document is to present this network, which has not yet achieved its definitive size.  Why this network?  The creation of this network responds to several institutional and scientific needs. Indeed, the setting up of control measures aimed at regulating mollusc exchanges notably via European Directive 91/67 and its transcription into French law has, as a corollary, caused the recognition of IFREMER as the agency charged with performing the analyses necessary for responding to the needs of this Directive, as far as marine invertebrates are concerned. Moreover, France being among the primary producers of shellfish in the world, the setting up of a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Network; Pathology; Molluscs.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/rapport-1922.pdf

Incidences de l'Amoco Cadiz sur les exploitations ostréicoles
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Michel, Pierre; Abarnou, Alain; Guegan, B.
Oyster contamination present on Oyster-beds in Abers-Morlaix bay when stranding arrives, decontamination of this oysters in others clean rivers an clean oyster stocks in oyster-beds, submersible and insubmersible thanks in pollute rivers are described. Pratical implication of this result in given.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Amoco Cadiz; Croissance; Mortalités; Décontamination; Marée noire; Contamination; Pollution; Huîtres.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1979/acte-6247.PDF

Rapport final : mise au point de cultures cellulaires de mollusques marins
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
Le problème majeur allant à l'encontre du développement de l'aquaculture dans le monde, en particulier pour l'élevage des mollusques, est lié à des maladies infectieuses. Les agents responsables sont essentiellement des parasites et des microorganismes intracellulaires. Les données acquises en pathologie des mollusques sont à l'heure actuelle en majorité descriptives, mais compte tenu de l'impact économique de ces maladies, des recherches doivent être développées pour élaborer des mesures prophylactiques et thérapeutiques. Dans cette optique l'établissement de lignées cellulaires de mollusques marins constitue une priorité car, à l'instar des lignées cellulaires de vertébrés utilisées en pathologie humaine et vétérinaire, elles permettraient la production...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Culture cellulaire; Biologie moléculaire; Agent pathogène; Primoculture; Ostrea edulis.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00049/15978/13420.pdf

Essai de contamination d'Ostrea edulis Linne par Bonamia ostreae (Pichot et al., 1979) en riviere de Crach (Morbinhan).
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Tige, Gilbert; Grizel, Henri.
In March 1982, an experimental contamination with Bonamia ostreae was created in the Crach River (Morbihan). Flat oysters were coming from a wild oyster bed in La Rochelle, a histological control has shown they were free from parasites. These oysters were found to be infected after 4 to 5 months. The parasite propagation seems to occur all the year. At the beginning of the disease, infestation rates are low. Percentages increase progressively and reach 25 to 30% after 4 months and 50% and more after 6 or 8 months for the oysters immersed from March to June 1982.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bonamia ostreae Ostrea edulis Experimental research Histopathology; Parasitic diseases Oyster culture.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1982/publication-1843.pdf

Infection parasitaire causée par Marteilia maurini sp. n. chez la moule Mytilus galloprovincialis
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Comps, Michel; Grizel, Henri; Papayanni, Youla.
During the last year (1981), zoosanitaries control was practiced on the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis from Venise lagoon. This species is infected by new parasite Marteilia maurini sp. n. His structurals characteristic and his development cycle are similar to those of Marteilia refringens in the fIat oyster.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Parasite; Pathologie; Marteilia maurini; Mytilus galloprovincialis.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1982/acte-3226.pdf

Sur un sporozoaire parasite de Crassotrea rhizophorae (Guilding)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Comps, Michel; Grizel, Henri; Tige, Gilbert.
Along the French Guiana coast, mainly in the Monsinéry River, there are populations of natural oysters belonging to the species Crassostrea rhizophorae (Guilding). Within the scope of the growth of oyster farming in Guiana, we researched possible parasites of these oysters that are still little studied. This work, conducted based on living and set samples, allowed us to highlight the presence of nematops spores.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Guyane; Crassostrea rhizophorae; Parasite; Pathologie; Huîtres.
Ano: 1972
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1972/publication-3008.pdf

Histological study of a cellular reaction in Ruditpaes decussatus infected by a protozoan
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Chagot, Dominique; Comps, Michel; Boulo, Viviane; Ruano, Francisco; Grizel, Henri.
An infection caused by a Perkinsus -like parasite has been observed in Ruditapes decussatus from Portugal (Comps and Chagot, 1987). Following a pathological study carried out on clams affected by mortalities in the Algarve area, this parasite was found again, inducing a reaction process in the host. Histological examination reveals the parasite in the connective tissue of different organs. The adjoining tissues, particularly the epithelia, are not affected.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Cells; Histology; Pathology; Ruditapes decussatus.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/acte-3109.pdf

Prophylactic strategies and zootechnic measures, recent advances
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
The spread of major diseases of molluscs around the world and the increase of transfers need the development of adapted prophylactic strategies and the increase of research in epidemiology, immunology and genetics. The prophylactic strategies must be based on common laws with the establishment of a list of declarable pathogens, with basic sampling rules (sample size, frequency, definition of geographical areas) and with reglementation of the internal transfers. Moreover, specific adapted diagnosis should be developed to increase the sanitary control performance (e.g. ELISA test, DNA probe, cell culture). In the case of an infectious disease the epidemiology studies should be concerned, the relationship between the culture techniques and the disease, the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bonamia ostreae; Mollusc culture; Aquaculture techniques; Pathology; Immunology; Genetics; Epidemiology; Fish diseases; Disease control.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1483.pdf

Parasitose à Mytilicola orientalis Mori
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Description parasite; Parasitose; Mytilicola oreintalis.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/acte-3227.pdf

Bilan 1999 du Réseau REPAMO - Réseau National de Surveillance zoosanitaire des Mollusques marins
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Thebault, Anne; Martin, Anne-genevieve; Le Coguic, Yvette; Hirata, Toshio; Tige, Gilbert; Pichot, Yves; Grizel, Henri; Berthe, Franck; Cochennec, Nathalie; Renault, Tristan; Le Roux, Frederique.
Le réseau REPAMO (Réseau de Pathologie des Mollusques) est un réseau de santé animale, qui s'occupe des coquillages marins du littoral français métropolitain. Les mollusques marins des côtes françaises représentent une ressource par la pêche, mais sont surtout une part importante de l'aquaculture. Les pertes liées aux maladies dans ce domaine d'activité sont aujourd'hui considérées comme l'un des principaux facteurs limitants de son développement au niveau mondial. Deux exemples récents suffisent à illustrer ce danger pour l'ostréiculture française : • La culture de l''huître plate Ostrea edulis, déjà atteinte par un parasite, Marteilia refringens, est passée en quelques années de 20 000 tonnes à 1800 tonnes, suite à une épizootie. En effet à la fin des...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Réseau surveillance; Pathologie; Mollusques bivalves; Mortalité.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00098/20903/18522.pdf

Recherche sur l'agent de la maladie de la glande digestive de Ostrea edulis Linné
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Comps, Michel; Bonami, Jean-robert; Cousserans, F.; Duthoit, Jean-louis; Le Pennec, Marie-annick.
Numerous diseases have been described in Ostrea and Crassostrea oysters and especially in cultivated species of commercial interest. The lack of growth, but more often mortalities, are in most cases the most obvious symptoms of this supposed sickness. The consequences of these epizooties can be so bad that they can result in the disappearance of an entire oyster population from a determined area as for Ostrea edulis L. in 1920-1921 (Dollfus, 1922) on some coasts of Europe and for Crassostrea angulata LMK in 1970-1971 on the French Atlantic coast and especially in the Marennes-Oléron and Arcachon basins. These cases can be considered as extreme cases as most of the time, oysters are only subjected to a number of episodic affections, affecting the farms only...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Glande digestive; Maladie; Pathologie; Ostrea edulis; Huître.
Ano: 1974
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1974/publication-6286.PDF

Rapport sur la situation zoosanitaire du cheptel Crassostrea gigas : cas du bassin de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Renault, Tristan; Cochennec, Nathalie; Tige, Gilbert; Audic, Guylaine; Pichot, Yves; Chollet, Bruno; Goulletquer, Philippe; Soletchnik, Patrick; Geairon, Philippe; Prou, Jean.
Le cheptel d'huîtres creuses, Crassostrea gigas, du Bassin de Marennes-Oléron a subi ces dernières années des morta lités (mai 88, mai 91, été 1992 et hiver 92-93). Les examens histopathologiques pratiqués durant celles-ci n'ont pas permis de déceler d'agents pathogènes. Les causes avaient été attribuées essentiellement, pour les premiers cas, à un manque de nourriture corrélé avec des conditions de sécheresse (donc un manque d'apport d'eau douce pour le bassin) et à des surcharges trop importantes des biomasses de fiItreurs, huîtres y compris. L'explication du dernier cas de mortalité survenue au cours de l'hiver serait d'un autre ordre: l'abaissement brutal des salinités, notamment dans les claires où étaient épurées soit des huîtres natives fragilisées,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Etude zoosanitaire; Mortalité; Epidémiologie; Pathologie; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00050/16152/13635.pdf

La maladie de la glande digestive d'Ostrea edulis Linne
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Tige, Gilbert.
The first microscope observations of the digestive gland of Ostrea edulis were conducted by Comps (1970) and Herbach (1971), but the first effects had already been observed in the autumn of 1967. During summer 1968, an abnormal mortality occurred in the upstream part of the Aber Wrach, then spread downstream and into the Aber Benoît. Similar mortalities were also observed in the area of La Tremblade and in the Arcachon Bay. Since then, a permanent monitoring is conducted in the different Breton oyster culture centres and the Arcachon area.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Glande digestive; Maladie; Ostrea edulis; Huître; Pathologie.
Ano: 1973
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1973/acte-5929.PDF

Mise en évidence d'Haplosporidium sp. (Haplosporida - Haplosporidiidae) parasite de l'huître plate Ostrea edulis L.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bachere, Evelyne; Grizel, Henri.
A new Haplosporidie has been observed in the flat oyster Ostrea edulis from the Mediterranean Sea. Different development stages have been described in light and electron microscopy. The characteristics of the spores and especially the presence of at least four sporal filaments enable us to distinguish this Haplosporidie from those already described in the Atlantic flat oysters. Different haplosporidies have been described in the oyster. Some are known as being pathogenic, Minchinia costalis (Andrews et al., 1962 and 1978; Couch 1967) and Minchinia nelsoni (Haskin et al., 1966; Farley 1968 and 1975), others, identified only recently, are considered as occasional parasites (Van Banning, 1977). During the research conducted on Bonamia ostreae (Pichot et al.,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Haplosporidium; Parasite; Ostrea edulis; Huître plate.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1982/publication-6576.PDF

Introduction de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas en France
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
La production d'huîtres creuses françaises est actuellement supérieure à 100 000 tonnes. Elle est assurée par la culture d'une seule espèce, Crassostrea gigas, élevée dans la plupart des centres ostréicoles. Cette espèce s'est avérée résistante aux différentes maladies qui ont affecté tout d'abord l'huître creuse, Crassostrea angulata (Viroses), puis l'huître plate Ostrea edulis (Marteilia refringens et Bonamia ostreae). Ainsi, malgré toutes les controverses que cette implantation a provoquées, le fait essentiel est que depuis 1970-1971, la profession ostréicole a pu rester active, grâce à la culture de C. gigas, et ce, malgré les nombreux problèmes auquels elle a du faire face.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; Introduction; Crassostrea gigas; Huître.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-7379.pdf

Recherches sur Bonamia ostreae gen. n., sp. n., parasite nouveau de l'huitre plate Ostrea edulis L
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Pichot, Yves; Comps, Michel; Tige, Gilbert; Grizel, Henri; Rabouin, Marie-agnès.
Unaccustomed mortalities were observed during spring 1979 in flat oysters of Ile-Tudy. A parasite was observed in the blood cells of the oysters causing gill ulcers.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; ANE; Bonamia ostreae; Ostrea edulis; New species; Parasitic diseases; Oyster culture.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1979/publication-1833.pdf

Epizootiological study of rickettsiosis of the Saint-Jacques scallop Pecten maximus
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Gall, G; Mialhe, Eric; Chagot, D; Grizel, Henri.
Rickettsia-like microorganisms were described in gill endothelial cells during mass mortalities of Saint-Jacques scallops Pecten maximus in Saint-Brieuc Bay (North Brittany, France) during winter 1985-86. In order to evaluate the epizootiological significance of rickettsiosis of scallops, an analytical and descriptive epizootiological study was undertaken. The study included the geographic distribution, incidence and severity of the disease for several northern European and French scallop populations. Since the center of French scallop production is in Saint-Brieuc Bay, epizootiological investigations were concentrated in this area. Dissemination appeared to be by horizontal transmission. The pathogenic significance of the rickettsia-like organism in...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/publication-2758.pdf

Isolement et purification de Marteilia (Protozoa : Ascetospora) parasites de bivalves marins
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Mialhe, Eric; Bachere, Evelyne; Le Bec, Claude; Grizel, Henri.
Marteilia (Protozoa: Ascetospora) parasites of Ostrea edulis and Mytilus edulis, have been isolated and purified by an original method. The electron microscopie study of the purified pansporoblasts and spores confirms the integrity of the parasite and shows some new characteristics.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/publication-3223.pdf

Premières données sur la cinétique d'épuration in situ des huîtres contaminées par les effluents de l'"Amoco-cadiz" - Résultats d'expériences utiles aux ostréiculteurs
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Michel, Pierre; Abarnou, Alain.
L'échouage de l'"Amoco-Cadiz" sur le site de Portsall, la nuit du 16 mars, a provoqué l'écoulement de la cargaison d'hydrocarbures contenue dans les soutes de ce bateau. Ceux-ci, sous l'action des vents dominants, s'étendaient vers l'est du point de la catastrophe, atteignant dès le deuxième jour des centres ostréicoles.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1978
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1978/publication-7146.pdf

Localisation and characterization of acid phosphate activity in Bonamia ostreae (Ascetospora), an intrahemocytic protozoan parasite of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis (Bivalvia)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Hervio, Dominique; Chagot, Dominique; Godin, Pierre; Grizel, Henri; Mialhe, Eric.
Acid phosphatase activity was cytochemically detected at the ultrastructural level in the protozoan Bonamia ostreae, an intrahemocytic parasite of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis. Lead nitrate was used as capture agent for phosphate liberated during the hydrolysis of the subtrate (cytidine 5' monophosphate). Lead phosphate precipiation, indicative of enzyme activity, was located in membrane-bound organelles corresponding to the cytoplasmic inclusions known as "dense bodies". Acid phosphatase activity level and sodium L-tartrate inhibition were measured spectrophotometrically from a purified parasite suspension. The possible involvement of this enzyme in intracellular survival of B. ostrea is discussed.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Acid phosphate activity; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/publication-2755.pdf

Image analysis : a new method for estimating triploidy in commercial bivalves
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Noiret, Christophe; Peudenier, Isabelle; Grizel, Henri.
For determination of ploidy levels in bivalves,  three techniques are now routinely used: karyological determination. microfluorimetry and flow cytometry. This paper proposes an alternative technique which is based on determination of the optical density (OD) of stained nuclei using image analysis. A karyological and image analysis comparative experiment conducted on juveniles of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) and Ruditapes philippinarum (Adam &amp; Reeve) is described and highlights the advantages of the image analysis technique. Initially developed on C. gigas and R. philippinarum, the image analysis method was easily extended to other bivalve species and to different developmental stages, as demonstrated by two experiments conducted on Ostrea edulis (L.)....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Estimation bivalve triploidy; Image analysis; Triploid; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-3200.pdf

Introduction into France of the Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Heral, Maurice.
The Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) has been introduced in France on a large scale to replace cultivation of the Portuguese oyster (Crassostrea angulata), affected by a viral disease. The importation took place from 1971 to 1975, with broodstock coming from British Columbia (Canada) and spat from Japan. Good growth rate and success of the natural setting on the French Atlantic coast attested to the success of this implantation, with a production which reached 80000 t by 1976. The precautionary measures associated with this transfer Iimited the implantation of an introduced fauna, 15 years after, to: Balanus amphitrite, Aiptasia pulchella and, on the Mediterranean coast, Undaria pinnatifida and Laminaria japonica. The authors also discuss the possible...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Introduction; Crassostrea gigas; Huître; Introduction.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/publication-2760.PDF

Mémento pratique à l'attention des courtiers, expéditeurs et éleveurs sur la modalités de transfert des coquillages entre les pays ou au sein d'un pays de l'Union Européenne et avec les pays tiers
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
Ce mémento concerne essentiellement l'application de la Directive CEE 91/67 du 28 janvier et des textes qui en découlent relatifs à la protection de la santé des cheptels (Décret 95-1 00 du 26 janvier 1995). Il faut  toutefois ne pas oublier que les transferts de coquillages de taille marchande doivent en plus respecter les dispositions destinées à garantir leur salubrité et la santé des consommateurs. A ce jour, deux maladies de mollusques sont obligatoirement contrôlées et soumises à déclaration. Les transferts à l'intérieur des frontières françaises ou entre les pays de l'Union Européenne (U.E.) sont régis par les mêmes  réglementations. Le littoral européen est découpé en zones qui ont l'un des statuts suivants : a) agréé ou indemme, c'est-à-dire dans...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00446/55729/57381.pdf

Recherches sur les maladies des mollusques d'élevage
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
Shellfish farming has evolved from a harvesting business to a sedentary farming business. This evolution was done in stages, the main ones being management of natural sites, farming and maturing juveniles and adults. The different stages can moreover still be observed in several countries.... Among the research to be developed, pathology may be crucial for maintenance and growth of shellfish farming.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Prophylaxies zoosanitaires; Pathologies; Mollusques; Maladies.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/acte-3114.pdf

Bivale mollusc cell culture
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Mialhe, Eric; Boulo, Viviane; Grizel, Henri.
The historical background of bivalve cell culture and its potential uses in molluscan pathology are reviewed. Then, primary cultures for the study of some host-pathogen interactions at the cellular level are considered. Next, alternative methods to classical cell cultures are examined that may lead to the production of bivalve celllines.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Cell culture; Pathology; Molluscs.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-3122.pdf

Reproductive seasonality and trend of Chelonia mydas in the SW Indian Ocean: a 20 yr study based on track counts
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Lauret-stepler, Marie; Bourjea, Jerome; Roos, David; Pelletier, Dominique; Ryan, P.g.; Ciccione, Stephane; Grizel, Henri.
The green turtle Chelonia mydas is classified as endangered because of global declines over the past few centuries due to human exploitation and habitat destruction, particularly the loss of nesting areas. We used the number of tracks as an indicator of breeding female abundance at their nesting sites to study the seasonality and trends of turtles breeding at 3 islands in the SW Indian Ocean: Europa, Tromelin and Grande Glorieuse, over 20 yr. On Tromelin, tracks were counted along the entire nesting beach, but on Europa and Grande Glorieuse counts were limited to a proportion of the island. Europa and Tromelin exhibited similar seasonal patterns, with a well-defined peak during the wet season (November–February), compared to a dry season peak for Grande...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00018/12917/9874.pdf

Développement de protistes parasites en culture cellulaire de l'huître japonaise Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Cousserans, François; Bonami, Jean-robert; Comps, Michel; Grizel, Henri.
Cell cultures, which are the basis of numerous recent studies in medical pathology, have been, for a few years, of great interest in the studies carried out on the diseases affecting invertebrates. However, such cultures, dealing with marine bivalve molluscs, obtained for the first time by Vago and Chastang (1) and progressively improved since then [(2) to (10)], have not been used in pathological studies yet. As the diseases affecting marine molluscs of economic importance such as oysters are both of great interest and facing specific study difficulties, we tried to adapt oyster cell cultures to the study of the presence, development and cycles of the pathogenic or possibly pathogenic microorganisms affecting Crassostrea, and especially the species gigas,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Culture cellule; Parasite; Huîtres; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1974
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1974/publication-5907.PDF

Compléments d'observations sur le cycle du parasite, Marteilia refringens (Grizel et coll. 1974)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Tige, Gilbert; Grizel, Henri; Langlade, Aime; Rabouin, Marie-agnès.
Les premiers stades connus du parasite ont été mis en évidence en Bretagne pendant les mois de juillet et d'août (GRIZEL et TIGE, 1977). Suite à ces observations, un essai a été réalisé en 1978 pour savoir si l'infestation avait bien lieu à ces dates ou si elle se faisait antérieurement sous une forme non décelée actuellement et subissant des transformations profondes dans les tissus de l'huître. Les résultats montrent que l'infestations se fait effectivement pendant l'été, à partir du mois de juillet jusqu'à la fin du mois d'août. Elle fut dans l'ensemble faible; les lots les plus infestés sont ceux qui ont séjourné le plus longtemps en zone contaminée.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostrea edulis; Marteilia refringens; Pathologie; Parasite.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1979/acte-6098.PDF

Evaluation du recrutement d'huîtres plates (Ostrea edulis) collectées sur tuiles dans le quartier d'Auray (Bretagne)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Martin, Anne-genevieve; Grizel, Henri; Langlade, Aime.
La région d'Auray avec la Baie de Quiberon et les rivières attenantes, est le seul centre de captage de l'huître plate en Bretagne. Celui-ci s'effectue sur des parcs situés en zone intertidale à partir de tuiles chaulées. La présente étude a permis de dénombrer les collecteurs posés durant la campagne de reproduction 1979 et d'évaluer le poids de naissain récolté. Celui-ci est de 516,36 +/- 45,36 tonnes pour un total de 19 383 000 tuiles. Les données obtenues seront utilisées ultérieurement pour analyser les performances du captage en fonction de la date et du mode de pose des collecteurs.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître plate; Ostrea edulis; Recrutement; Naissain; Collecteur; Auray; Baie Quiberon; Bretagne.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/11987/8691.pdf

Localization and characterization of acid phosphatase activity in Bonamia ostreae (Ascetospora), an intrahemocytic protozoan parasite of the fIat oyster Ostrea edulis (Bivalvia)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Hervio, Dominique; Chagot, D; Godin, P; Grizel, Henri; Mialhe, Eric.
Acid phosphatase activity was cytochemically detected at the ultrastructural level in the protozoan Bonamia ostreae, an intrahemocytic parasite of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis. Lead nitrate was used as capture agent for phosphate liberated during the hydrolysis of the substrate (cytidine 5' monophosphate). Lead phosphate precipitation, indicative of enzyme activity, was located in membrane-bound organelles corresponding to the cytoplasmic inclusions known as 'dense bodies'. Acid phosphatase activity level and sodium L-tartrate inhibition were measured spectrophotometrically from a purified parasite suspension. The possible involvement of this enzyme in intracellular survival of B. ostreae is discussed.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00182/29311/28273.pdf

Receptivite de trois populations naturelles d'huitres plates Ostrea edulis L. au protozoaire Bonamia ostreae (Pichot et al., 1980).
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bachere, Evelyne; Grizel, Henri.
Experimental infections by inoculation of Bonamia ostreae have been conducted on three flat oysters Ostrea edulis populations coming from wild beds. All of these are disease sensible and the infection rates are respectively 56, 45 and 37% for population from Belle-Isle, La Rochelle and Thau. Receptivity values, compared by Chi-square test, have not revealed significant differences between these three populations.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: MED; France ANE; France Bonamia ostreae Protista Ostrea edulis Bivalvia Parasitic diseases Disease resistance Oyster reefs.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/publication-1827.pdf

Inventaire des sites potentiels pour l'aquaculture sur le littoral de l'Ille et Vilaine - Étude bibliographique et reconnaissance du terrain pêche et aquaculture traditionnelle
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
Le département de l'Ille et Vilaine possède dans sa partie nord, une frange littorale d'environ 50 km (vol d'oiseau) depuis le Frémur jusqu'à la limite est de la baie du Mont St Michel et s'étend sur environ 15 km de long en profondeur (vol d'oiseau) sur le bassin de la Rance. Les activités de cette façade maritime concernent de façon saisonnière le tourisme, toute l'année le trafic de marchandises et de passagers et toutes les professions liées directement à l'exploitation et la mise en valeur des produits de la mer. Celles-ci sont représentées par la pêche, l'ostréiculture, la mytiliculture, la pisciculture en eau de mer, l'extraction d'agrégats marins et l'exploitation des algues (fig. 1).
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00046/15684/13086.pdf

Les Haplosporidies parasites de mollusques
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Ormieres, René; Grizel, Henri.
Haplosporidiae are of a great economic importance because of the diseases they sometimes determine in edible molluscs, especially in oysters. Haplosporidia diseases can lead to the death of the hosts.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusques; Haplosporidia; Haplosporidies; Pathologie; Parasite; Parasitologie.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1977/acte-6174.PDF

Phylogeography of the green turtle, Chelonia mydas, in the Southwest Indian Ocean
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bourjea, Jerome; Lapegue, Sylvie; Gagnevin, L; Broderick, D; Mortimer, J.a.; Ciccione, S; Roos, David; Taquet, Coralie; Grizel, Henri.
Patterns of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation were used to analyse the population genetic structure of southwestern Indian Ocean green turtle (Chelonia mydas) populations. Analysis of sequence variation over 396 bp of the mtDNA control region revealed seven haplotypes among 288 individuals from 10 nesting sites in the Southwest Indian Ocean. This is the first time that Atlantic Ocean haplotypes have been recorded among any Indo-Pacific nesting populations. Previous studies indicated that the Cape of Good Hope was a major biogeographical barrier between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans because evidence for gene flow in the last 1.5 million years has yet to emerge. This study, by sampling localities adjacent to this barrier, demonstrates that recent gene...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Phylogeography; Mozambique Channel; Mitochondrial DNA; Indian Ocean; Control region; Chelonia mydas.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2185.pdf

Epidémiologie des bivalves
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
The notions of pathology and epidemiology in marine aquaculture are relatively new, especially as far as molluscs are concerned, as they've only been used for about thirty years. Although numerous studies have been conducted, and the concepts in these specific fields have evolved, only very few actions are proposed to stop the spreading of a disease. Only a few main mollusc species are cultivated throughout the world and most of them suffered or suffer from epizooties. Today, their pathological history is more solid: several infectious diseases are now known, numerous pathogens or potential pathogens have been described, diverse mortalities have been studied and several types of tumours have been observed. We now live in some cases, as for the flat oyster...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture marine; Pathologie; Conchyliculture; Bivalves; Epidémiologie.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-6580.pdf

Cell separation by centrifugal elutriation
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bachere, Evelyne; Chagot, Dominique; Grizel, Henri.
There is an ongoing need to isolate and purify ceIls in bivalve mollusc disease research. Many separation techniques differentiate cells solely by a single factor and usually require additives in the medium that may damage live cells. Centrifugai elutriation is a technique that separates particles by size and density simultaneously and can be conducted in physiological media without additives. Living cells can be separated without chemical damage and, because the procedure can be conducted aseptically, cells can be maintained in vitro after elutriation. A description of the technique, methods to determine flow rates and rotor speeds, and a preliminary separation of oyster hyalinocytes is presented
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalve mollusc; Centrifugal elutriation; Cell separation.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-3118.pdf

Monoclonal antibodies : a tool for molluscan pathology
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Mialhe, Eric; Boulo, Viviane; Grizel, Henri; Rogier, Hervé; Paolucci, Francis.
Hybridoma technology is reviewed, and the characteristics of monoclonal antibodies are compared with those of polyclonal antibodies. The contribution of monoclonal antibodies to molluscan pathology is developed with special emphasis on their use as diagnostic tools. The results of studies with monoclonal antibodies prepared against the protozoan oyster pathogen Bonamia ostreae are briefly described.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathology; Molluscs; Monoclonal antibody technology.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-3121.pdf

Mayotte Island: another important green turtle nesting site in the southwest Indian Ocean
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bourjea, Jerome; Frappier, Julie; Quillard, Mireille; Ciccione, Stephane; Roos, David; Hughes, Georges; Grizel, Henri.
Situated in the north of the Mozambique Channel, Mayotte is the easternmost island of the Comoros Archipelago. From 1998 to 2005, Grande Saziley beach was monitored daily for green turtle Chelonia mydas nesting activity. Track surveys were monitored daily on 5 other adjacent beaches. Although nesting occurs throughout the year, nesting seasonality begins at the end of the wet season and intensifies during the dry season to reach an average nesting peak in June. In order to estimate the number of females nesting in the Saziley site and population trends over the study period, incubation success and number of nests per female and per season were estimated at 0.77 (±0.05 SD) and 3.03 (±0.37) respectively. With an average of 1545 nesting turtles per year...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00018/12916/9873.pdf

Mantle histology, histochemistry and ultrastructure of the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera (L.)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Jabbour-zahab, Roula; Chagot, Dominique; Blanc, François; Grizel, Henri.
The edge and isthmus of the mantle of Pinctada margaritifera (Mollusc, Bivalvia) were studied using light and electron microscopy from a morphological and histochemical point of view. Six areas with several subareas were differentiated in the mantle edge. One of these areas is similar to the epithelium isthmus, Trials to elucidate the nature of the pigment responsible for the black colour of the shell and pearl indicate a melanin-like material. Possible functions of the distinctive epithelial areas in Pinctada margartifera mantle are discussed according to available data on the secretion of organic matrix of the shell, protein sclerotization and deposition of crystals in some pearl-forming molluscs. Three different epithelial areas in the outer mantle edge...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalvia; Mollusc; Pinctada margaritifera; Pigment; Ultrastructure; Structure; Mantle; Bivalves; Mollusques; Pinctada margaritifera; Pigment; Ultrastructure; Structure; Manteau.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/publication-2770.pdf

Bilan des essais d'acclimatation d'Ostrea chilensis sur les cotes de Bretagne.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Comps, Michel; Raguenes, D; Leborgne, Y; Tige, Gilbert; Martin, A.
Following the mass mortality of Ostrea edulis, some experiments were conducted with O. chilensis broodstock and spat coming from Chiloe Island (Chile). Concurrently, spat of th same species produced in a hatchery was cultivated. After a small period of growth, these oysters died during the summer. Microscopic observations showed Marteilia refringens and Bonamia ostreae in the oysters' tissue. For these reasons, Ostrea chilensis has not been retained to temporarily replace O. edulis.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: ANE; France Bonamia ostreae Marteilia refringens Ostrea chilensis Ostrea edulis Bivalvia marine mollusks spat mortality parasites parasitic diseases acclimatization oyster culture.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1982/publication-1851.pdf

Micro-organismes de type Rickettsien chez les huîtres Crassostrea gigas Th. et Ostrea edulis L.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Comps, Michel; Tige, Gilbert; Duthoit, Jean-louis; Grizel, Henri.
Some rickettsian infections have been found in French Atlantic oysters, Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis. The micro-organisms parasite the digestive diverticulum epithelium cells although not creating any damage that could strongly affect the molluscs. If not for its shape, which appears to be longer in the case of the Crassostrea gigas Rickettsia, the characteristics of these two micro-organisms seem pretty close and enabled their inclusion in the Rickettsial order.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Rickettia; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Pathologie; Infections.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1977/acte-6173.PDF

Ultrastructural study of sporulated instars of a haplosporidian parasitizing the clam Ruditapes decussatus
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Chagot, Dominique; Bachere, Evelyne; Ruano, Francisco; Comps, Michel; Grizel, Henri.
In 1951, Vilela pointed out the presence of a haplosporidian parasitizing Ruditapes decussatus from Portuguese waters and created the species Haplosporidium tapetis. Later, a haplosporidian was found in the same species originating from the pound of Thau (France).
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Haplosporidian paratizing; Ruditapes decussatus; Pathology.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/acte-3110.pdf

Bilan du réseau de pathologie des mollusques. REPAMO. 1995
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Network; Pathology; Molluscs.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1995/rapport-1924.pdf

Etude d'un parasite de la glande digestive observé au cours de l'épizootie actuelle de l'huître plate
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Comps, Michel; Cousserans, François; Bonami, Jean-robert; Vago, Constantin.
Description, in electron microscopy, of the stages of a parasite observed in the digestive gland of the oyster Ostrea edulis during the epizooties which are currently spreading throughout flat oyster farms.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Ostrea edulis; Huitre; Epizootie; Parasite.
Ano: 1974
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1974/publication-5921.PDF

Presence d'une coccidie parasite du rein chez Ostrea edulis L.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Tige, Gilbert; Comps, Michel; Grizel, Henri.
A Coccidia parasite of the kidney cells has been observed in the flat oyster O. edulis. This Sporozoa does not seem to cause any serious damage to the oyster.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: ANE; France Ostrea edulis Parasitism.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1977/publication-1970.pdf

La réglementation zoosanitaire et son application à la conchyliculture
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Berthe, Franck; Thebault, Anne; Grizel, Henri.
As for other animal production sectors, shellfish farming has been afflicted with various diseases and some constitute limiting factors for the quality or the quantity of production.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Réglementation zoosanitaire; Conchyliculture; Pathologie.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3246.pdf

Réseau de veille zoosanitaire des mollusques REPAMO - Rapport d'activité pour l'année 1997
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Berthe, Franck; Pichot, Yves; Chollet, Bruno; Thebault, Anne; Kuntz, Gregoire; Tige, Gilbert; Thebault, Anne; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Hirata, Toshio; Le Coguic, Yvette; Renault, Tristan; Lipart, Cecile; Grizel, Henri; Joly, Jean-pierre; Mazurie, Joseph; Baud, Jean-pierre; Goulletquer, Philippe; Dreno, Jean-paul; Buestel, Dominique.
Le réseau de veille zoosanitaire des mollusques, REPAMO, a été créé en 1992 afin de protéger les espèces d'intérêt économique des maladies susceptibles de les affecter. En effet, de même que les autres productions animales, la conchyliculture est frappée par diverses maladies dont certaines se comportent comme des facteurs limitants de la qualité ou de la quantité des productions. L' histoire de l'ostréiculture française a connu de tristes expériences en la matière, notamment dans les années 70 pour l' huître creuse portugaise, Crassostrea angulata ou encore pour l'huître plate, Ostrea edulis. En fait, nous ne disposons que de très peu de possibilités de protéger les mollusques bivalves vis à vis des maladies infectieuses. D' une part, les traitements,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Réseau surveillance; Pathologie; Mollusques bivalves; Mortalité.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00098/20901/18521.pdf

Bilans depuis 1999 et évolution de la stratégie du REPAMO
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Thebault, Anne; Martin, Anne-genevieve; Pichot, Yves; Chollet, Bruno; Robert, Maeva; Le Coguic, Yvette; Tige, Gilbert; Hirata, Toshio; Mazurie, Joseph; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Masson, Nadine; Auby, Isabelle; Maurer, Daniele; Le Roux, Frédérique; Cochennec, Nathalie; Renault, Tristan; Berthe, Franck; Grizel, Henri.
The main objectives of the Mollusc Pathology Network (REPAMO) are to prevent introductions or outbreaks of infectious agents, prevent spread within a farm and especially from one farm to another, to study ways of decreasing the impact of infectious agent and to monitor the development of these pathogens in order to guarantee the health status of oysters exchanged with our commercial partners. On the whole, REPAMO's activities have not changed and include: - monitoring the development of diseases that have to be reported to authorities and carrying out analyses to classify zones: bonamiosis and marteiliosis; - baseline monitoring of farmed and wild populations of bivalve molluscs; - studying cases of abnormal mortality events; - controlling mollusc...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusques; Réseau surveillance; Pathologie; REPAMO.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3265.pdf

Situation épidémiologique consécutive à la présence du parasite Bonamia Ostreae en Bretagne - Evolution au cours de l'année 1980
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Tige, Gilbert; Grizel, Henri; Martin, Anne-geneviève; Langlade, Aimé; Rabouin, Marie-agnès.
Au mois de juin 1979, des mortalités anormales affectant l'huître plate, Ostrea edulis L., ont été constatées sur des parcs d'élevage de l'île Tudy en Bretagne, (Comps et coll., 1980). Les examens histologiques ont permis de déceler l'existence, dans les cellules sanguines des huîtres atteintes, d'un nouveau parasite, Bonamia ostreae gen., n., sp. n. (Pichot et coll., 1979).  Depuis, l'extension de cette parasitose a été constatée par l'analyse mensuelle d'échantillons d'huîtres provenant de différents secteurs ostréicoles de Bretagne. La présente note donne des précisions sur la situation épidémiologique et sur son évolution au cours de l'année 1980 à la suite du développement de ce nouveau parasite.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1981/publication-7018.pdf

Les épizooties en conchyliculture
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
Shellfish culture is widely spread throughout the world and is the focus of an important activity either as a fishing of shellfish deposits or as a culture. The greatest production areas are Northern America with the United States and Canada. Asia with Japan and Korea, Europe with France, the Netherlands and Spain. At some point, each of these countries has had to face more or less important epizooties of variable durations. Each time, some studies have been carried out to try and find the origin of the disease, understand its evolution and look for solutions to the crisis it lead to. If, in most cases, these mortalities could be linked to the presence of some infectious agents, some phenomena still remained unexplained, the mortalities potentially being...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Mortalités; Pathologie; Maladie; Conchyliculture; Epizootie.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-6581.pdf

Monoclonal antibodies against Bonamia ostreae (Protozoa: Ascetospera), an intrahaemocytic parasite of flat oyster Ostrea edulis (Mollusca : Bivlavia)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Rogier, Hervé; Hervio, Dominique; Boulo, Viviane; Clavies, Christine; Hervaud, Eliane; Bachere, Evelyne; Mialhe, Eric; Grizel, Henri; Pau, Bernard; Paolucci, Francis.
The protozoan Bonamia ostreae (Ascetospora), a paasite of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis, was purified by differential and isopycnic centrifugations. Mice of the strain Balb/c were immunized with purified parasites and hybridomas were prepared by fusion of immunized mouse splenocytes with the mouse myeloma cell line P3-X63-Ag8-653. From the fusion, 12 clones were isolated and saved. The resulting antibodies were characterized with a solid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA). Antibodies from 7 clones reacted only with B. ostreae and not with normal host tissue. Although some of the antibiodies identified. One of these antibodies (20B2-1B12) has an apparent association constant of ca 3 X 10(8) M-1 and bound to a number of different sites on the parasite. These...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Monoclonal antibodies; Oyster; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/publication-2756.pdf

Parasitologie des mollusques
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
Afin de mieux comprendre les problèmes de parasitologie des mollusques, il est nécessaire de donner un aperçu rapide sur : les principales espèces de mollusques réellement cultivées dans le monde, la naissance de la conchyliculture, le contexte de développement des recherches de parasitologie.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Parasitologie; Mollusques; Parasite; Marteilia refringens; Minchinia nelsoni.
Ano: 1976
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00013/12465/9301.pdf