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Data/hora: 09/06/2024 14:38:24

Antifungal Activity of Aerial Parts of Cenchrus pennisetiformis Against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: KHURSHID,S.; JAVAID,A.; SHOAIB,A.; JAVED,S.; QAISAR,U.
ABSTRACT: Antifungal potential of aerial parts of an allelopathic grass Cenchrus pennisetiformis (Hochst. &amp; Steud.) Wipff. was evaluated against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici Snyder &amp; Hansen, a fungal pathogen causing wilt disease in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Different concentrations (1% to 6%) of methanolic leaf, stem and inflorescence extract of the grass significantly reduced fungal biomass by 40-88%, 13-89%, and 26-76%, respectively. Methanolic shoot (leaf + stem) extract was fractionated using four organic solvents viz. n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. All the sub-fractions of methanolic shoot extract showed remarkable antifungal potential to variable extents. Different concentrations (1.56-200 mg mL-1) of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antifungal activity; GC-MS analysis; Methanolic extracts.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100223

Bioactive Constituents of Shoot Extracts of Sisymbrium irio L. Against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: AKHTAR,R.; JAVAID,A.; QURESHI,M.Z.
ABSTRACT: The present study was carried out to check the antifungal potential of Sisymbrium irio L. shoot extract against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (FOC). In preliminary bioassays, different concentrations (1 to 5%) of leaf, stem and fruit extracts were evaluated against FOC. All the extracts were effective against the pathogen. However, the leaf extract was found the most effective causing 25-41% decrease in FOC biomass. The fractionation of methanolic leaf extract was done by two organic solvents namely n-hexane and chloroform. Different concentrations (1.56 to 200 mg mL-1) of these fractions were tested against FOC. The n-hexane and chloroform fractions showed inhibitory activity against the pathogen and resulted in 77-93% and 80-96% reduction in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Basal rot of onion; Brassicaceous weed; Methanolic extract.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582020000100208

Evaluation of Antifungal Potential of Leaf Extract of Chenopodium murale Against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: NAQVI,S.F.; JAVAID,A.; QURESHI,M.Z.
ABSTRACT: The present study was performed to evaluate antifungal activity and GC-MS analysis of leaf extract of Chenopodium mural against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL), a highly problematic soil-borne pathogen of tomato. Dried leaves of C. murale were extracted with methanol for 2 weeks and after evaporating the solvent on a rotary evaporator, antifungal bioassay was carried out against FOL. All concentrations (1 to 5%) significantly reduced FOL biomass by 14-45%. The remaining methanolic extract was fractioned with n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate and all these fractions were assayed for their antifungal potential. A 200 mg mL-1 concentration of various sub-fractions reduced fungal biomass significantly by 94-98% over control. All the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fusarium wilt; GC-MS analysis; Tomato.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582019000100165

EFFECT OF BIOPOWER APPLICATION ON WEED GROWTH AND YIELD OF RICE
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: SANA,N.; BAJWA,R.; JAVAID,A.; SHOAIB,A.
ABSTRACT Biopower is a commercial rice biofertilizer comprised of various associative nitrogen fixers. In this present study, a field trial was carried out to assess the effects of Biopower application on the growth of some rice weeds and yield of rice (Oryza sativa). Four common rice weeds namely Cyperus rotundus, Echinochloa colonum, Marsilea minuta, Paspalum paspaloides, and mixed weeds were sown in 1:1 weed crop ratio in soil amended with i) ½ dose of N (nitrogen) + recommended doses of PK (phosphorus, potassium) fertilizers, ii) recommended doses of NPK fertilizers, and iii) farmyard manure (FYM) + ¼NPK fertilizers, with and without Biopower application. Biopower application variably reduced weed biomass in different soil amendment systems. The effect...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Associative nitrogen fixers; Biofertilizer; Weed suppression.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582017000100256

Non-Chemical Control of Charcoal Rot of Urdbean by Sonchus oleraceous Application
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: BANARAS,S.; JAVAID,A.; SHOAIB,A.
ABSTRACT: Urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] is an important leguminous crop whose production is severely affected by charcoal rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. This study was undertaken to seek an environmental friendly alternative to synthetic fungicides for management of this disease. Dry biomass of an allelopathic weed Sonchus oleraceous L. was used to combat the menace. Fumigated sandy loam pot soil, pre-inoculated with M. phaseolina, was amended with different doses of dry biomass of the weed ranging from 0.5% to 3%. Application of 2% weed biomass completely controlled the disease. Soil inoculation with M. phaseolina inoculation (positive control) reduced shoot dry weight and grain yield of urdbean by 59% and 91%, respectively, over...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Charcoal rot; Macrophomina phaseolina; Non-chemical disease management; Sow thistle; Vigna mungo.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582020000100244

ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF A BRASSICACEOUS WEED Sisymbrium irio AGAINST Macrophomina phaseolina
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: JAVAID,A.; AFZAL,L.; SHOAIB,A.
ABSTRACT Macrophomina phaseolina, a soil-borne plant pathogen, has the ability to cause diseases in about 500 plant species. Unfortunately, so far no registered fungicide is available against this fungal pathogen. In the present study, different extracts of Sisymbrium irio, a weed of family Brassicaceae, were tested for evaluation of their antifungal activity against M. phaseolina. In screening bioassays, antifungal activity of methanolic extracts of 1% to 6% concentrations of different parts (leaf, stem, root and fruit) of the weed was assessed against the fungal pathogen. Methanolic leaf and root extracts significantly reduced fungal biomass up to 59% and 69% over control, respectively. Methanolic leaf and root extracts were further partitioned using...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antifungal activity; London rocket; Plant extracts.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582017000100255

Herbicidal Activity of Aspergillus niger Metabolites Against Parthenium Weed
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: BASHIR,U.; KHAN,A.; JAVAID,A.
ABSTRACT: Metabolites of Aspergillus niger, prepared in malt extract (ME) broth and potato dextrose (PD) broth, were evaluated for their herbicidal activity against a noxious parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus). In laboratory assays, original (X) and diluted (½ X) fungal metabolites significantly reduced germination and seedling growth of weed. However, metabolites prepared in ME broth proved to have greater herbicidal activity than metabolites prepared in other growth medium. Original metabolites prepared in ME broth have completely hinder the germination of parthenium seeds; while those prepared in PD broth have reduced germination by 89% over control. In pot trials, one-week, two-week and three-week-old parthenium seedlings were sprayed three...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Natural herbicide; Parthenium hysterophorus; Noxious weed.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100225

FUNGICIDAL POTENTIAL OF ALLELOPATHIC WEED Cenchrus pennisetiformis ON GROWTH OF Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici UNDER CHROMIUM STRESS
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: KHURSHID,S.; SHOAIB,A.; JAVAID,A.; QAISAR,U.
ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to assess antifungal potential of the allelopathic grass Cenchrus pennisetiformis Hochst. &amp; Steud. against the fungal plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (cause of tomato wilt disease) under chromium stress. Laboratory experiments were performed in 10 mL volume glass test tubes each containing 1.0 mL of malt extract broth with seven concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 ppm) of each of Cr(III) and Cr(VI), and two concentrations (5% and 6%) of methanolic leaf, stem or root extract of C. pennisetiformis. A metal + weed extract amended medium was inoculated with the pathogen and incubated for 7 days at 25 C. Different concentrations of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) proved equally inhibitory...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Grass; Heavy metal; Poaceae; Wilt pathogen.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582016000300453

ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF Cirsium arvense EXTRACTS AGAINST PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS Macrophomina phaseolina
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: BANARAS,S.; JAVAID,A.; SHOAIB,A.; AHMED,E.
ABSTRACT Leaves, stems, roots and inflorescence of the asteraceous weed Circium arvense were extracted in methanol for two weeks. Methanol was evaporated in a rotary evaporator. Different concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%) of methanolic extracts were prepared, and their antifungal activities were studied against Macrophomina phaseolina, using malt extract broth as growth medium. In general, extracts of all plant parts showed antifungal activities to variable extents. The highest antifungal activity occurred due to methanolic extract of leaves, followed by stem and root extracts, resulting in 10-74%, 6-57% and 11-39% reduction in fungal biomass over control, respectively. Inflorescence extract showed the least antifungal activity, resulting in 2-30%...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antifungal activity; Asteraceous weed; Cirsium arvense; Macrophomina phaseolina.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582017000100216

MANAGEMENT OF PARTHENIUM WEED USING METABOLITES OF Alternaria japonica
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: JAVAID,A.; MUBEEN,T; BASHIR,U; SHOAIB,A.
ABSTRACT Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus) is an alien invasive weed infesting many parts of the world including Pakistan. A number of herbicides have been recommended for control of this weed, but these herbicides have issues regarding human health and environmental safety. In the current study, the herbicidal potential of culture filtrates of a fungal species, namely Alternaria japonica, was evaluated against parthenium weed. The fungal species was grown in malt extract broth (MEB) and potato dextrose broth (PDB) for 15 days. Culture filtrates were obtained by passing the materials through muslin cloth followed by filtration through filter paper and then through Millipore filter paper. In laboratory bioassays, the effect of original (X) and diluted...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Asteraceae; Congo grass; Fungi; Mycoherbicide; Weed.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582017000100214

GC-MS ANALYSIS AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC ROOT EXTRACT OF Chenopodium album AGAINST Sclerotium rolfsii
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: ALI,A.; JAVAID,A.; SHOAIB,A.
ABSTRACT Sclerotium rolfsii is a soil-borne fungal plant pathogen that causes diseases in more than 500 plant species. Chemical fungicides used to control this disease cause environmental pollution, therefore, plant derived compounds can be used as alternative to synthetic fungicides to reduce environmental pollution. Chenopodium album is a weed of family Chenopodiaceae that is used as food and also has medicinal importance. In the present study, antifungal activity of methanolic root extract of C. album was evaluated against S. rolfsii using six concentrations viz. 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 g 100 mL-1 amended in malt extract as growth medium. All the root extract concentrations significantly reduced fungal biomass by 15-58% over control. Gas...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Natural compounds; Reduction use of agrochemical.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582017000100245

BIOEFFICACY OF A COMMON WEED Datura metel AGAINST Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: KARIM,M.; JABEEN,K.; IQBAL,S.; JAVAID,A.
ABSTRACT Mango (Mangifera indica) is one of the most important trees grown mainly in the tropical and subtropical countries. Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is the most damaging disease causing reduction of flower set and yield losses in mango. The present study was designed to evaluate antifungal activity of Datura metel extracts against C. gloeosporioides. Extracts (1% to 3%) of different parts of D. metel viz. leaves, seeds and roots were assessed for their antifungal potential. Methanolic seed extract of D. metel depicted the highest antifungal potential against the test fungus. All the applied concentrations effectively reduced growth of the test fungus. However, 1.5% conc. of methanolic seeds extract showed maximum...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antifungal; GC-MS; Methanolic extracts; Phytochemical analysis.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582017000100244

Bioassays Guided Fractionation of Senna occidentalis for Identification of Natural Antifungal Constituents Against Macrophomina phaseolina
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: JAVAID,A.; QUDSIA,H.; SHOAIB,A.
ABSTRACT Macrophomina phaseolina is one of the most destructive soil-borne fungal plant pathogens. In the present study, different aerial parts of Senna occidentalis were analyzed for their antifungal activity against M. phaseolina. In initial screening bioassays, 0.5-3.0% concentrations of methanolic extracts of fruit, leaf and stem were tested against M. phaseolina. The methanolic leaf extract showed the greatest activity causing up to 29% suppression in biomass production of M. phaseolina. Fractionation of leaf extract of S. occidentalis was carried out with four organic solvents. Bioassays with a range of concentrations (2.34-150 mg mL-1) of these sub-fractions revealed that the chloroform sub-fraction was the most effective, causing 93-98% reduction...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antifungal activity; Leaf extract; Macrophomina phaseolina; Natural fungicide; Senna occidentalis.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582017000100210

Management of Charcoal Rot of Mungbean by Two Trichoderma Species and Dry Biomass of Coronopus didymus
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: JAVAID,A.; KHAN,I.H.; SHOAIB,A.
ABSTRACT: A pot experiment was carried out to check the effect of Coronopus didymus (L.) Sm. dry biomass application (1%, 2% and 3% w/w) and two species of Trichoderma (T. viride and T. aureoviride) on growth and physiology of mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) WIlczek] under biotic stress of Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Inoculation of M. phaseolina (positive control) reduced plant survival, shoot and root length as well as plant dry biomass by 22%, 52%, 61% and 64%, respectively, over the negative control (without any amendment). There was 100% plant survival in treatments with T. aureoviride alone or in combination with 1% and 2% C. didymus biomass. Likewise, T. viride in combination with 2% biomass also showed 100% plant survival. Application of 3%...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Soil amendment; Swinecress; Vigna radiata.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100323

Biological Control of Charcoal Rot of Mungbean by Trichoderma harzianum and Shoot Dry Biomass of Sisymbrium irio
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: JAVAID,A.; AFZAL,L.; SHOAIB,A.
ABSTRACT: A pot experiment was carried out for the biological control of charcoal rot on mung bean (Vigna radiata), caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. Pot soil was made sick with an inoculum of M. phaseolina. Dried powdered leaves of Sisymbrium irio, a weed from the Brassicaceae family, were mixed in soil at 1, 2 and 3% (w/w) with and without the application of Trichoderma harzianm, a fungal biological control agent. The highest grain yield (3.62 g pot-1) was recorded in a combined application of T. harzianum and 1% S. irio leaf amendment, which was 62% and 805% higher than negative and positive control treatments, respectively. The application of S. irio leaf amendment and T. harzianum generally enhanced leaf protein, sugar and chlorophyll contents, and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Charcoal rot; Macrophomina phaseolina; Plant physiology; Sisymbrium irio; Trichoderma harzianum; Vigna radiata.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582017000100274

Biological Management of Basal Rot of Onion by Trichoderma harzianum and Withania somnifera
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: AKHTAR,R.; JAVAID,A.
ABSTRACT: Onion is attacked by destructive soil-borne fungal plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, resulting in basal rot disease. In the present study, three Trichoderma species (T. pseudokoningii, T. harzianum and T. reesei) and leaves of solanaceous weed Withania somnifera were used for management of this disease. The in vitro interaction study revealed T. harzianum as the most effective biocontrol agent against the pathogen. In a pot trial, dried leaf material of W. somnifera (1%, 2% and 3% w/w) and inoculum of T. harzianum were mixed in the pot soil previously inoculated with the pathogen. The highest incidence of the disease (87%) was found in positive control (pathogen inoculation without any amendment). Different rates of dry leaf...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Basal plate rot; Biological control; Weed; Withania somnifera.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100216