Consulta: creatorFacets:"Koo,   Won W."
Registros recuperados: 270
Data/hora: 03/06/2024 16:33:21

Impacts of Removing Fertilizer Subsidy and Procurement Program on the Indonesian Rice Economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muharto,   Muharto; Koo,   Won W.; Yang,   Seung-Ryong.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23300

Implications of the U.S.-Korea Free Trade Agreement for Agriculture and other Sectors of the Economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhuang,   Renan; Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
This paper examines the effects of the U.S.-Korea free trade agreement (KORUS FTA) on various sectors of the economy in the two countries using a general equilibrium model. Additional analysis focuses on the agricultural sector.  Our analysis indicates that the increase in U.S.-Korea bilateral trade volume in recent years has been through intra-industry trade of high-technology products.  Under the KORUS FTA, the bilateral trade volume would increase for virtually all the sectors, and GDP and social welfare would improve for both countries.  However, producers of textile products in the United States and producers of agricultural and food products in South Korea would suffer from the FTA.  This agreement could benefit U.S. agriculture, but the benefits...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Korea; Free trade agreement; Trade creation; Trade diversion; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7636

INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT: SUBSTITUTES OR COMPLEMENTS?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marchant,   Mary A.; Cornell,   Dyana N.; Koo,   Won W.
International agricultural trade has evolved over time.  Processed foods and developing countries have become major growth markets for U.S. agricultural exports, and foreign direct investment (FDI) has become even more important than exports as a means of accessing foreign markets.  The critical question is whether FDI is a substitute for or a complement of exports.  This research builds upon an existing theoretical FDI model and contributes to the literature through the development of a simultaneous equation system for FDI and exports, which is estimated using two-stage least squares.  Empirical analyses were used to examine the relationship between U.S. FDI and exports of processed foods into East Asian countries - China, Japan, Singapore, South Korea,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: East Asia; Exports; Foreign direct investment; International trade; Processed foods; International Relations/Trade; F47; Q17; C3; F17.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15471

THE PATTERN OF BILATERAL TRADE USING A DYNAMIC GRAVITY EQUATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   Mina; Cho,   Guedae; Koo,   Won W.
Using a dynamic gravity equation, we show that the national product differentiation model explains food and agricultural trade, while the product differentiation model explains large-scale manufacturing trade for both short- and long-run.  We provide reasons of discrepancy from Head and Ries (2001) in the short-run, and illustrate the positive impacts of world income growth on bilateral trades.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20248

Energy, Agriculture, and GHG Emissions: The Role of Agriculture in Alternative Energy Production and GHG Emission Reduction in North Dakota
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aravindhakshan,   Sijesh C.; Koo,   Won W.
Energy, agriculture, and GHG emissions are highly interrelated. Several agricultural commodities are currently used as feedstock for biofuel production to replace fossil fuels. As the largest consumer of energy, the U.S. has taken several initiatives to reduce the use of fossil fuels, achieve energy security, and reduce GHG emissions. The industrial community of the U.S. invested heavily in biofuel and wind energy production. North Dakota has highest potential in producing wind energy and biomass from dedicated energy crops. Unfortunately these resources are not fully utilized for producing renewable energy. North Dakota is an energy intensive economy and per capita energy consumption is higher than other states. This technical bulletin provides a...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Renewable energy; Wind power; Ethanol; Greenhouse gas emissions; Agriculture; Agribusiness; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101222

World Wheat Policy Simulation Model: Description and Computer Program Documentation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benirschka,   Martin; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23333

2001 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD SUGAR MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 2000-2010 by using the Global Sugar Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes.  Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to improve over the next ten years after the current over supply is reduced. World demand for sugar is expected to grow faster than world supply, resulting in gradually increasing Caribbean sugar prices from 8.51 cents/lb in 2000 to 12.67 cents/lb in 2010. The U.S. wholesale price of sugar is projected to increase from 22.5 cents/lb in 2000 to 26.6 cents/lb in 2010, if the United States maintains its sugar programs. World...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending Stocks.; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23602

2002 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD SUGAR MARKETS, 2001-2011
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 2001-2011 by using the Global Sugar Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes.  Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to improve over the next 10 years after the current over supply is reduced. World demand for sugar is expected to grow faster than world supply, resulting in gradually increasing Caribbean sugar prices from 7.81 cents/lb in 2001 to 12.05 cents/lb in 2011. The U.S. wholesale price of sugar is projected to increase from 21.7 cents/lb in 2001 to 25.2 cents/lb in 2011, if the United States maintains its sugar programs. World...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23645

HETEROSKEDASTICITY IN CROP YIELD MODELS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yang,   Seung-Ryong; Koo,   Won W.; Wilson,   William W.
This study examines three alternative models of correcting for heteroskedasticity in wheat yield: the time trend variance, the GARCH, and an econometric model that includes the potential sources of heteroskedasticity. Nonnested test results suggest that modeling the sources of heteroskedasticity is the preferred procedure. Including potential sources of heteroskedasticity as explanatory variables removed the heteroskedasticity in the sample wheat yields. The results also suggest that the GARCH specification is a promising model of correcting for heteroskedasticity when the sources cannot be identified. The time trend variance model alone may misspecify the true variance structure.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30738

CHALLENGES IN AGRICULTURAL TRADE UNDER CUSTA: HIGHLIGHTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Mattson,   Jeremy W.
The report summarizes highlights of papers presented in the conference entitled "Challenges in Agricultural Trade under CUSTA" held in Fargo, North Dakota on October 26-27, 2000.  The main objective of the conference was to analyze emerging issues in agricultural trade between the United States and Canada under the U.S./Canada Free Trade Agreement (CUSTA).  Specific themes include: (1) changes in trade patterns under CUSTA, (2) CUSTA's impact on bilateral agricultural trade,  (3) recent evolution of the U.S. and Canadian marketing systems, (4) major issues for future commercial integration, and (5) trade disputes and negotiations.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Free trade agreement; Wheat; Barley; Cattle; Beef; Trade disputes; Trade negotiations; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23552

Economic Impact of a Targeted Marketing Loan Program on North Dakota
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Saxowsky,   David M.; Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Marketing.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120981

ETHANOL'S IMPACT ON THE U.S. CORN INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Andino,   Jose; Koo,   Won W.
This report evaluates the U.S. corn sector, especially changes in ethanol production.  This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural polices, weather conditions, and technological change.  Changes in ethanol production will impact the production, feed use, and exports of corn, as well as the general price level.  Federally mandated ethanol usage dictates the growth of ethanol production in the United States.  Other factors have limited impact on corn price.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Government subsidies; Feed use; Corn; Exports; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23512

IMPACTS OF THE FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL IMPROVEMENT AND REFORM ACT OF 1996 (FAIR ACT) ON THE NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Aakre,   Dwight G.
The Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (FAIR Act) decouples government farm subsidy payments from both price and production and provides farmers with nearly complete planting flexibility.  Government spending under this act will be limited to $35.63 billion for 1996-2002 period. The net farm income for all six representative farms under the 1996 FAIR Act is projected to be higher than under the 1990 farm act early in the forecast period and lower after 1999 under the 1996 FAIR Act. Cropland prices are projected to fall 19.8% between 1996 and 2002 under the 1996 FAIR Act, while cropland prices are projected to fall 18.5% under the 1990 farm act.  Cash rental rates are projected to follow cropland prices.  Debt-to-asset ratios for most...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: FAIR Act; Net farm income; Debt-to-asset ratio; Cropland prices; Land rental rates; Farm operating expenses; Capitalization rate; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23150

Assessing the Impact of Cap-and-Trade Climate Legislation on Agriculture in the Northern Plains: A Policy Simulation with Farmer Preference and Adaption
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cap-and-trade; Carbon sequestration; Climate change mitigation; Agricultural impact; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61532

U.S.-CANADA WHEAT TRADE AND ITS EFFECTS ON U.S. PRICE AND INCOME
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Mattson,   Jeremy W.
The objectives of this study are to analyze the factors causing an increase in wheat imports from Canada and to estimate the effect of increased wheat imports on U.S. prices and farm income.  An econometric model is developed and estimated to determine these factors and effects.  Canadian exports to the United States are estimated as a function of U.S. price, the U.S. - Canada exchange rate, and other variables, while U.S. price is estimated as a function of imports from Canada, U.S. domestic supply and consumption, and exports.  The two equations are estimated simultaneously.  Results from this model are used to estimate the effect of imports from Canada on U.S. farm prices and income.  Results indicate that imports from Canada have a significant negative...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Canada; Bilateral trade; Hard red spring wheat; Durum wheat; Farm price; Farm income; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23572

PROFIT CONSISTENCY AND MANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS FOR SUCCESSFUL NORTH DAKOTA FARMS, 1995-2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
Farm profitability varies widely among producers, but the reasons for those differences are not clear as it is generally not known if the same farms are in the higher profit categories every year.  Characteristics of the individual producer also vary substantially.  Farm size, crop yields, cost of production, debt structure, and land ownership are some of the traits which differ among farms.  This study analyzed farm finance data from the North Dakota Farm and Ranch Business Management Program over the years 1996-2000 to determine if the characteristics of profitable farms were different from the characteristics of farms which were not as profitable.  A secondary objective was to evaluate if farms remained in similar profit quartiles every year.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: North Dakota Farm and Ranch Business Management Program; Farm characteristics; Return on assets; Costs; Land ownership; Debt structure; Farm Management.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23607

Intermodal Competition and Pricing in Grain Transportation: A Description and Comparison of Methods
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; Wilson,   Wesley W.; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Public Economics.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23194

THE ROLE OF THE U.S. DOLLAR IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Mulik,   Kranti; Koo,   Won W.
This study examines the J-curve phenomenon for the U.S. agricultural trade and compares the effect on agricultural trade relative to U.S. non-agricultural trade.  For this purpose, the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model is adopted to estimate bilateral trade data between the United States and her three major trading partners „Ÿ Japan, Canada, and Mexico.  We find little evidence of the J-curve for U.S. agricultural trade with Japan, Canada, and Mexico.  For non-agricultural trade, on the other hand, the behavior of U.S. trade with industrialized economies such as Japan and Canada follows the J-curve, but not with developing economies such as Mexico.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Autoregressive distributed lag model; J-curve effect; Non-agricultural trade; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23482

MODELING INTERNATIONAL TRADE IMPACTS OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED WHEAT INTRODUCTIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: DeVuyst,   Eric A.; Koo,   Won W.; DeVuyst,   Cheryl Sinn; Taylor,   Richard D.
Planned introductions of genetically modified crop varieties can be troublesome to model. Estimation of demand and supply equations is not feasible due to lack of data. Further, specifying demand and supply equations requires calibration to a presumed equilibrium. Depending on the point chosen, highly questionable results may be obtained. We propose a model that uses existing supply, demand, and elasticity estimates. The approach relies on composite supply and demand functions. These composite functions are linear combinations of GM and non-GM varieties. We then employ this approach in a model of world wheat trade to analyze the impact of several plausible GM wheat adoption and consumer acceptability scenarios.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International trade; Genetically modified organisms; Producer surplus; Consumer surplus; Welfare; Transportation cost; International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23550

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSED NORTH DAKOTA WHEAT POOL; SUMMARY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Nganje,   William E.; Johnson,   D. Demcey; Park,   Joon J.; Taylor,   Richard D.
The ND Durum Wheat Pool may provide additional revenue to durum wheat producers by raising the domestic prices in the North American market with full cooperation from the Canadian Wheat Board.  The pool also could provide additional revenue to its members by improving marketing efficiency.  On the other hand, the ND Spring Wheat Pool is less likely to provide additional revenue to spring wheat producers by raising domestic prices, mainly because hard red spring and winter wheat are highly substitutable.  Efficiency gains also could be smaller than for durum wheat.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Marketing pool; Market power; Efficiency gains; Durum wheat; Hard red spring wheat; Pool price; Organizational structure; Operating costs; Marketing.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23453

Impacts of Sugar Free Trade Agreements on the U.S. Sugar Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhuang,   Renan; Koo,   Won W.
We use a multi-region GTAP model to study the implications of a global sugar free trade agreement on the U.S. sugar industry. In general, the sugar net importing countries such as the former Soviet Union, Japan, and the United States would reduce sugar production and increase their net imports from the world market. By contrast, the sugar net exporting countries such as Australia, Brazil, and Thailand would increase their sugar production and increase their net exports. Under a scenario where import tariffs and export subsidies are completely eliminated, U.S. sugar production would decrease by 2.8%. This is in contrast to some of the previous studies, which argued that the U.S. sugar production would increase slightly annually. U.S. import prices would...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21486

The Role of the Economy Structure in the U.S. - China Bilateral Trade Deficit
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tokovenko,   Oleksiy; Koo,   Won W.
This study investigates the effect of the economy structure on the U.S. - China bilateral trade deficit as alternative to the influence of the exchange rate fluctuation. The revealed comparative advantage indices are proposed as the measure of the relative structural differences between two countries due to factor endowments and technology. A Bayesian Stochastic Search Variable Selection method is applied to the U.S. - China annual trade data for 57 commodity groups at the SITC 2-digit industry aggregation level to obtain empirical variable inclusion probabilities. Based on the data, we found no conclusive evidence against the hypothesis of the short-run effect of either of the explanatory factors, while the long-run influence is revealed to be...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104018

U.S. PROCESSED FOOD EXPORTS AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
U.S. exports of processed food products and sales by foreign affiliates of U.S. companies in the industry have been growing rapidly.  Canada and Mexico are the United States' two major trading partners in the Western Hemisphere, while small quantities of processed food products are exported to a number of other countries in the hemisphere.  U.S. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), like exports, is also largest in Canada and Mexico, but there is also significant FDI in the processed food industry in South American countries such as Brazil and Argentina.  U.S. FDI, measured as sales by foreign affiliates, is significantly greater than U.S. processed food exports.   The relationship between FDI and trade is subject to much debate and analysis.  An econometric...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Processed foods; Foreign direct investment; Western Hemisphere; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23547

2004 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS, 2004-2013
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
Net farm income for all representative farms in 2013 will be lower than in 2004.  Low-profit farms, which comprise 25% of the farms in the study, may not have financial resiliency to survive without off-farm income.  Costs are projected to increase faster than yields, which will pressure net farm income downward.  Cropland prices and cash rental rates are projected to increase slightly in all regions.  Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms will increase slightly throughout the forecast period.  Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit and small-size farms are higher than those for large and high-profit farms.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Debt-to-asset ratios; Cropland prices; Land rental rates; Farm operating expenses; Capitalization rate; Farm Management.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23528

HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL INTRA-INDUSTRY TRADE IN THE U.S. FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sun,   Changyou; Koo,   Won W.
Intra-industry trade (IIT) in the U.S. food processing industry is evaluated in this study. The IIT index is disentangled into horizontal and vertical components and evaluated at 6-digit HTS product levels. The degree of IIT varies across different trading partners and sub-industries, and, for the U.S. food processing industry as a whole, it has been steadily increasing since 1989. Most of the IIT in the U.S. food processing industry is vertical in nature. However, horizontal IIT has been increasing faster than vertical IIT. The determinants of horizontal and vertical IIT are examined in a multiple-industry and multiple-country model. Industry characteristics show more significant effects on IIT than country characteristics. Product differentiation, market...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23629

2007 Outlook of the U.S. and World Sugar Industries, 2006-2016
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 2006-2016 using the Global Sugar Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes. Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to remain profitable over the next ten years mainly because higher world oil prices have increased the conversion of sugar into ethanol by Brazil, while other exporting countries have increased their production in response to those higher prices. Brazil is the largest exporter of sugar, and it is expected that the rate of increase in Brazilian sugar exports may be reduced due to high oil prices. World demand for sugar is expected...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7632

UNITED STATES AND CANADIAN AGRICULTURAL HERBICIDE COSTS: IMPACTS ON NORTH DAKOTA FARMERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
Pesticides have become a major farm production cost over the past 25 years. There are price and label differences for agricultural herbicides between the United States and Canada. Trade names are different in some cases, label restrictions vary, and weights and measures are different. The reasons for the price differences are unclear. Whether they are due to increased costs in labeling requirements, different levels of competition and use, or market segmentation is not determined. The largest total impact of using lower priced Canadian herbicide is on HRSW, followed by durum and corn. The largest per acre impact is for canola, corn, and HRSW. Herbicides with the largest total impact are Puma, followed by Roundup and Fargo. Net farm income for large,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Herbicide Costs; Trade armonization; North Dakota Representative Farm; Land Value; Pesticides; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23634

1997 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS 1996-2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.
Net farm income for all representative farms will be lower in 2003 than in 1995-96, but net farm income will be level throughout the 1997-2005 period.  Cropland prices are projected to fall in all regions of North Dakota after peaking in 1996-97.  Cash rental rates are projected to follow cropland prices.  Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms, although rising across the forecast period, will not reach levels that imperil credit worthiness.  Debt-to-asset ratios for the low profit and small size farms are higher than those for large and high profit farms.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Debt-to-asset ratio; Cropland prices; Land rental rates; Farm operating expenses; Capitalization rate; Farm Management.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23424

The J-Curve Phenomenon: Myth or Reality?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Mulik,   Kranti; Koo,   Won W.
This study examines the J-curve phenomenon for the U.S. agricultural trade and compares the effect on agricultural trade relative to the U.S. non-agricultural trade. For this purpose, the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model is adopted to estimate bilateral trade data between the U.S. and her three major trading partners ¦¡ Japan, Canada and Mexico. We find little evidence of the J-curve for the U.S. agricultural trade with Japan, Canada and Mexico. For the non-agricultural trade, on the other hand, the behavior of the U.S. trade with industrialized economies such as Japan and Canada follows the J-curve, but not with developing economies such as Mexico.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21382

HOW DIFFERENTLY AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTORS RESPOND TO EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATION?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   MinKyoung; Koo,   Won W.
This study divides the U.S. economy into the agricultural and industrial sectors and compares the degree of the involvement of exchange rates in each sector without specifying the rigid assumption of either exogeneity or endogeneity of exchange rates.  Both short- and long-run impacts of shocks in the exchange rate are found to be significant.  However, the effect of an exchange rate shock on the agricultural sector is larger than the industrial sector.  This study fulfills a fundamental question about the role of exchange rate between the two sectors.  The exchange rate is exogenous in the agricultural sector, while being endogenous in the industrial sector.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19635

AGRICULTURAL COMPETITIVENESS AND WORLD TRADE LIBERALIZATION: IMPLICATIONS OF THE WTO AND FTAA, MAY 29-30, 2003 (CONFERENCE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
Executive summary for May 29-30, 2003, conference organized by the Center for Agricultural Policy and Trade Studies (NDSU) and Farm Foundation.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23070

OUTLOOK OF THE WORLD RICE INDUSTRY UNDER ALTERNATIVE TRADE LIBERALIZATION POLICIES IN JAPAN AND KOREA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the world rice industry for the 1998-2010 period by using the World Rice Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, the weather, and technological change. This report evaluates three scenarios: the base scenario, the partial trade liberalization scenario in Japan and South Korea, and the full trade liberalization scenario. The partial trade liberalization scenario includes a partial liberalization of rice imports in Japan and South Korea from the year completing the minimum market access commitments under the UR agreement to 2010. The full trade liberalization scenario includes a full liberalization of rice imports in Japan and South Korea from...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Japonica Rice; Indica Rice; Trade Liberalization; Production; Consumption; Imports; Exports; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23402

Econometric Analysis of the U.S. Cheese Industry: Production, Consumption, Prices, Marketing
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Loma,   Eduardo; Erlandson,   Gordon W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Marketing; Agribusiness.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23120

OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF US/CANADA WHEAT POOL: A GAME THEORY ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nganje,   William E.; Koo,   Won W.; Johnson,   D. Demcey; Park,   Joon J.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This paper develops a game theory optimization model of market efficiency and derives conditions under which voluntary pooling is sustained for US/Canada durum and hard red spring wheat producers. Analysis reveals that United States and Canadian farmers can increase farm returns with efficiency gains from pooling and by internalizing benefits from grain blending and logistics. The model is used to analyze diverse factors affecting the sustainability of such a pool.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36439

THE EFFECTS OF US/CANADA TRADE ON PRODUCTION COSTS AND PRODUCTIVITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lambert,   David K.; Schuck,   Eric C.; Jin,   Hyun Joung; Koo,   Won W.
Increased international trade can affect production costs by promoting changing input and output prices and by promoting technological innovation.  Econometric results suggest increasing state exports of agricultural products and rising US/Canada agricultural trade has shifted production costs from labor and material inputs towards capital and land and that trade-induced technological improvements have driven down production costs in the Great Plains.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22008

An Economic Analysis of Corn-based Ethanol Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
A global multi-commodity simulation model was developed to estimate the impact of changes in ethanol production on the U.S. corn industry. Increased ethanol production under the Energy Acts of 2005 and 2007 resulted in a significant increase in the price of corn. However, for corn-based ethanol production, the break-even price of corn is approximately $4.52 per bushel with a federal subsidy of $0.51 per gallon of pure ethanol and $2.50 gasoline. With a corn price of $4.52, the economically desirable ethanol production is approximately 11 billion gallons. In order to produce 15 billion gallons of corn-based ethanol and to maintain the price of corn at $4.52 per bushel, supply of corn in the U.S. should be increased substantially through increases in corn...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Price impacts; Supply; Demand; Econometric simulation; HFCS; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6201

ASYMMETRIC PATTERN OF INTRA-INDUSTRY TRADE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   MinKyoung; Cho,   Guedae; Koo,   Won W.
This study proposes alternative rationales to explain an asymmetric intra-industry trade pattern between the United States and Canada after the free trade agreement became effective.  Using time-series data, a gravity equation is developed which enables us to examine the impacts of relative market size, exchange rates, and transportation costs on bilateral trade.  It is found that these three effects have to be taken together in order to explain the asymmetric intra-industry trade pattern.  Exchange rate impacts on bilateral trade are found to the most significant, indicating that U.S. dollar appreciation causes a more asymmetric trade pattern for agricultural goods than for large-scale manufacturing goods.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Border effects; Exchange rates; Gravity equation; Intra-industry trade; National product differentiation model; Product differentiation model; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23625

WORLD FEED BARLEY TRADE UNDER ALTERNATIVE TRADE POLICY SCENARIOS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mao,   Weining; Koo,   Won W.; Krause,   Mark A.
A spatial equilibrium model based on a quadratic programming algorithm was developed to analyze world feed barley trade and international competition among major exporters (Australia, Canada, the European Union, and the United States) under the current and alternative trade policy scenarios.  The U.S. Export Enhancement Program (EEP) plays an important role to maintain U.S. market share in importing countries.  Eliminating Canadian rail subsidy decreases Canadian offshore exports, but greatly increases its exports to the United States.  The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) increases feed barley trade within North America, but has little impact on world trade flows for feed barley.  Canada benefits most under the Uruguay Round Agreement of GATT...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Feed barley; International grain trade; Trade policy; Spatial equilibrium model; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23272

Recent Changes in Chinese and India's Agriculture and Implications on Global Trade of Agricultural Commodities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tangen,   Alyssa; Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the changes in import and export demand in China and India on the United States and global agriculture in 2020. A spatial equilibrium model is developed to optimize production and trade in China, India, and other major importing and exporting regions in the world. This research focuses on four primary crops: wheat, corn, rice and soybeans. In the model, China and India are divided into 31 and 14 regions, respectively. The model also includes five exporting countries and ten importing countries/regions. The results indicate that India will be able to stay largely self-sufficient in 2020 and China will increase its soybean and corn imports to meet rising domestic demand. The research also gives perspectives on...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99345

AGRICULTURAL COMPETITIVENESS AND CHANGE UNDER GLOBALIZATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
Dr. Won W. Koo, Professor and Director of the Center for Agricultural Policy and Trade Studies, North Dakota State University, and Dr. G. Edward Schuh, Professor and Director of the Freeman Center for International Economic Policy, University of Minnesota, organized a conference, Agricultural Competitiveness and Change under Globalization, held October 11-12, 2004, at the Ramada Plaza Suites and Conference Center in Fargo, North Dakota.  Speakers included Senators Byron Dorgan and Kent Conrad of North Dakota, leaders from agribusinesses and farm groups, government officials, and top economists from universities across the country.  The conference focused on the effects of globalization on U.S. agriculture, with attention given to trade negotiations and the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23071

Trade Creation and Diversion Effects of the U.S.-Canadian Free Trade Agreement
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Karemera,   David.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23345

Determinants of Red Meat Trade Flows
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Karemera,   David.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23448

Producer Preference for Land-Based Biological Carbon Sequestration in Agriculture: An Economic Inquiry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Koo,   Won W.
This study was intended to develop an understanding of producer preference for land-based carbon sequestration in agriculture. We conducted a mail survey to elicit producer choice to provide marketable carbon offsets by participating in different carbon credit programs characterized by varying practices. Based on a quantitative analysis, we found that: 1) the market price for carbon offsets could increase producer participation in carbon sequestration; 2) producers perceived differentially different but correlated private costs for adopting carbon sequestering practices, depending on production attributes; and 3) relatively high carbon prices would be needed to stimulate producer provision of carbon offsets by land-based carbon sequestration activities. A...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gas; Carbon sequestration; Producer stated preferences; Agriculture; Economics; Carbon offsets; Carbon markets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q54; Q52; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104512

Changes in Agricultural Input Costs and Their Impact on Net Farm Income
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
The recent rapid increase in commodity prices is not an unique event. It has happened several times in the past. Commodity prices have always dropped, returning to a more normal level. Production costs, on the other hand, follow commodity prices up but do not follow them down. Net farm income has increased rapidly in most commodity sectors of agriculture. However, production costs have increased substantially during the past few years. Those cost increases will reduce net farm incomes in the future if commodity prices do not continue to increase.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Production costs; Gross income; Production Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44821

On the Dynamic Relationship between U.S. Farm Income and Macroeconomic Variables
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Koo,   Won W.
This study examines the short- and long-run effects of changes in macroeconomic variables—agricultural commodity prices, interest rates and exchange rates—on the U.S. farm income. For this purpose, we adopt an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration with quarterly data for 1989–2008. Results show that the exchange rate plays a crucial role in determining the long-run behavior of U.S. farm income, but has little effect in the short-run. We also find that the commodity price and interest rate have been significant determinants of U.S. farm income in both the short- and long-run over the past two decades.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Autoregressive distributed lag model; Commodity price; Exchange rate; Farm income; Interest rate; Long-run; Short-run; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Financial Economics; C22; E23; Q11.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53097

THE EFFECT OF FOOD-SAFETY RELATED INFORMATION ON CONSUMERS' PREFERENCE: THE CASE OF BSE OUTBREAK IN JAPAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jin,   Hyun Joung; Koo,   Won W.
This study analyzes consumers' responses to food-safety related information by evaluating if Japanese consumers have undergone a structural change in their preferences for meat due to the BSE outbreak in the country.  The axiom of revealed preference is utilized to test the stability of preference in Japanese meat consumption.  The matrix of weak form of revealed preference (WARP) is partitioned and Kruskal-Wallis statistics are derived to evaluate whether the switches of preference are transitory or due to a structural change.  Empirical results show that Japanese meat demand has undergone a structural change, synchronized with the BSE outbreak in Japan in mid-September 2001.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22043

POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF THE WTO FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT ON U.S. AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
The 147 members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) reached an agreement July 31, 2004, on the framework for the final phase of the Doha Development Agenda of global trade talks. After failing to reach such an agreement at the Cancun ministerial meeting in September, 2003, this framework agreement puts the Doha Round back on-track. Negotiations on the details will begin in September 2004. The original deadline to complete talks by January 1, 2005, has been postponed, and the next WTO Ministerial Conference will be held in Hong Kong in December 2005, at which point the talks could near their conclusion.  The objective of this report is to analyze the potential impact of the framework agreement on U.S. agriculture. Most of the details of the agreement have...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23074

PREFERENTIAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS: IMPACTS ON AGRICULTURAL TRADE AND INCOME
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skripnitchenko,   Anatoliy; Beladi,   Hamid; Koo,   Won W.
In this article, we focus on the effects of preferential trade arrangements on agricultural trade and agricultural income.  Given the large number of preferential trade arrangements and complex interactions among them, we attempt to discover whether preferential trade arrangements are beneficial to agricultural trade and income, and are an effective tool to liberalize agricultural trade.  The findings suggest that preferential trade arrangements with some exceptions tend to expand agricultural trade and improve agricultural income.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Agricultural income; Gravity model; Preferential trade agreement; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23555

2000 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD SUGAR MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 1999-2009 by using the Global Sugar Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes. Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to be strong for the next ten years after the current over supply is reduced. World demand for sugar is expected to grow faster than world supply, resulting in gradually increasing Caribbean sugar prices from 6.55 cents/lb in 1999 to 12.3 cents/lb in 2009. The U.S. wholesale price of sugar is projected to increase from 20.69 cents/lb in 2000 to 28.84 cents/lb in 2009 if the United States maintains its sugar programs. World...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending Stocks; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Production Economics.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23148

Effects of the Panama Canal on U.S. Competitiveness on the World Soybean Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moon,   Sang; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21418

AN OVERVIEW OF CUBAN AGRICULTURE AND PROSPECTS FOR FUTURE TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
For many years, the United States has blocked trade with Cuba, but the situation has recently changed.  The Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000 loosened U.S. sanctions on agricultural exports to Cuba, allowing Cuba to buy from the United States using cash but not credit.  The objectives of this study are to analyze Cuban agricultural production and trade and to estimate potential agricultural trade flows that could occur between the United States and Cuba if the embargo was completely lifted.  The effects of various increases in Cuban GDP on Cuban import demand are also analyzed.  Cuba could be a significant market for U.S. exports of wheat, wheat flour, rice, corn, pulses, poultry, and dairy products, while the United States would...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cuba; Embargo; Agricultural trade potential; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23573

Spatial Equilibrium Analysis of the World Durum Industry Under Alternative Export Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Golz,   Joel T.; Koo,   Won W.; Yang,   Seung-Ryong.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23473

Effects of Resource Endowments on Agricultural Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Anderson,   Craig Scott.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23203

Third-Country Effects on the Market Shares of U.S. Wheat in Asian Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jin,   Hyun Joung; Cho,   Guedae; Koo,   Won W.
An import demand model, augmented with third-country effect variables, is developed to examine the effects of strong U.S. dollar, volatility of the U.S. dollar, and competition among the exporting countries on the shares of U.S. wheat in Asian markets.  In the empirical model, the dependent variable is the market shares of U.S. wheat.  Explanatory variables include wheat prices of exporting countries, exchange rates between the importing and exporting countries, and volatilities of the exchange rates.  Panel estimation results show that the U.S. currency values and volatility, Australian wheat price, and the volatilities of Canadian and Australian currency values have significant effects on U.S. market shares.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Exchange rate; International grain trade; Market share; Panel analysis; Panel unit-root test; Third country effect; F14; Q17.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43478

2003 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD SUGAR MARKETS, 2002-2012
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 2002-2012 using the Global Sugar Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes.   Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to improve over the next 10 years after the current over-supply is reduced. World demand for sugar is expected to grow faster than world supply, resulting in Caribbean sugar prices gradually increasing from 7.88 cents/lb in 2002 to 12.15 cents/lb in 2012. The U.S. wholesale price of sugar is projected to increase from 21.76 cents/lb in 2002 to 25.28 cents/lb in 2012, if the United States maintains its sugar programs. World...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks.; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23600

The U.S. Agricultural Sector and the Macroeconomy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Koo,   Won W.
The effects of the exchange rate, the U.S. agricultural price, the domestic income, and the interest rate on the U.S. net farm income are investigated in a cointegration framework. For this purpose, the Phillips-Hansen fully-modified cointegration (FM-OLS) procedure is applied to annual data for the period 1957–2008. Results suggest that there exists the long-run equilibrium relationship between the U.S. net farm income and the selected macroeconomic variables. We also find that the exchange rate and U.S. agricultural price are more important than other variables in determining the U.S. net farm income.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural price; Exchange rate; Gross domestic product; Interest rate; Net farm income; Phillips-Hansen fully-modified cointegration technique; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C22; E23; Q11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92580

BOOK REVIEW: SCHMITZ, ANDREW AND HARTLEY FURTAN. CANADIAN WHEAT BOARD: MARKETING IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15521

Competitiveness of Broiler Producers in North America Under Alternative Free Trade Scenarios
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Golz,   Joel T.; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23395

WELFARE IMPLICATIONS OF INTRODUCING BIOTECH TRAITS IN A MARKET WITH SEGMENTS AND SEGREGATION COSTS: THE CASE OF ROUNDUP READY® WHEAT--SUMMARY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; DeVuyst,   Eric A.; Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Dahl,   Bruce L.
Roundup Ready® Wheat (RRW) was one of the first genetically modified (GM) traits for the wheat sector and was under review by regulatory agencies in the United States and Canada when Monsanto withdrew it from further consideration.  There are a multitude of issues associated with the ex ante evaluation of this decision.  These include market acceptance and segregation, as well as the varying sources of cost savings and productivity gains.  In this article, we develop a spatial partial equilibrium model of the higher-protein hard wheat market and assess the changes in the distribution of welfare associated with release and adoption of RRW.   It incorporates segments for GM aversion in each market and segregation costs for each segment.  Major conclusions...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified grains; Welfare analysis; Wheat; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23611

A REEXAMINATION OF FRACTIONAL INTEGRATING DYNAMICS IN FOREIGN CURRENCY MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Elder,   John; Jin,   Hyun Joung; Koo,   Won W.
This paper reexamines foreign currency markets for evidence of fractional integration, and extends the extant literature in several important dimensions.  First, we utilize a new semiparametric wavelet-based estimator, which is far superior to the more prevalent GPH estimator on the basis of mean squared error.  Second, we utilize a broader and longer sample, which better facilitates the detection of long memory dynamics.  Our analysis yields interesting empirical results that contrast with other recent studies.  In particular, we find new evidence that a large proportion (fourteen out of nineteen) of exchange rate series display evidence of long memory, with little variation over alternative sample periods.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20004

2004 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD WHEAT INDUSTRIES, 2003-2013
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2003-2013 period using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change.  Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to improve for the next 10 years.  World demand for both common and durum wheat are expected to grow faster than world production, resulting in gradual increases in prices of the wheat varieties.  However, the higher price levels experienced in 2002 and 2003 due to weather conditions will not be maintained in the short-term.  World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade volume of durum wheat...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Common wheat; Durum wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23583

Demand for Meat in Korea: Estimation and Test for Structural Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lee,   Chang-Buhm; Koo,   Won W.; Yang,   Seung-Ryong.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23434

HOW DIFFERENTLY DO THE AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTORS RESPOND TO EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATION?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   MinKyoung; Koo,   Won W.
This study divides the U.S. economy into the agricultural and industrial sectors and compares the degree of involvement of exchange rates in each sector without specifying the rigid assumption of either exogeneity or endogeneity of exchange rates.  Both short- and long-run impacts of shocks in the exchange rate are found to be significant.  However, the effect of an exchange rate shock on the agricultural sector is larger than that on the industrial sector.  This study examines a fundamental question about the role of the exchange rate in the two sectors.  The exchange rate is exogenous in the agricultural sector, while being endogenous in the industrial sector.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Role of exchange rates; Endogeneity; Exogeneity; Over-identification; Short- and long-run impulse response.; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23589

World Wheat Policy Simulation Model: Preliminary Baseline
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benirschka,   Martin; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23184

Japanese Wheat Import Demand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lee,   Jung-Hee; Koo,   Won W.; Krause,   Mark A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23169

The Environmental Consequences of Globalization: A Country-Specific Time-Series Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Cho,   Yongsung; Koo,   Won W.
The dynamic relationships among trade, income and the environment for developed and developing countries are examined using a cointegration analysis. Results suggest that trade and income growth tend to increase environmental quality in developed countries, whereas they have detrimental effects on environmental quality in most developing countries. It is also found that for developed countries the causal relationship appears to run from trade and income to the environment - a change in trade and income growth causes a consequent change in environmental quality, and the opposite relationship holds for developing countries.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Developed countries; Developing countries; Environmental quality; Globalization; Time-series analysis; Trade; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6510

The Impacts of the Budget Reconciliation Proposal on North Dakota Representative Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Aakre,   Dwight G.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Farm Management.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121068

2010 Outlook of the U.S. and World Sugar Markets, 2009-2019
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 2009-2019 using the Global Sugar Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes. Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to remain stable over the next ten years in spite of the 2007-08 increase in world oil prices. That increase in oil price caused an increase in the conversion of sugar into ethanol in Brazil, while other exporting countries increased their production of sugar in response to higher sugar prices. Sugar prices remained strong in 2009 as the world’s economies recover slowly from the recession. World demand for sugar is expected to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91842

U.S. Wheat Price Dynamics and the Export Enhancement Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yang,   Seung-Ryong; Johnson,   D. Demcey; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121407

2005 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD SUGAR MARKETS, 2004-2013
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 2004-2013 using the Global Sugar Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes. Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to improve slightly over the next nine years after the current over-supply is reduced.  World demand for sugar is expected to grow faster than world supply, resulting in Caribbean sugar prices gradually increasing from 8.40 cents/lb in 2004 to 8.70 cents/lb in 2013.  The U.S. wholesale price of sugar is projected to decrease from 26.15 cents/lb in 2004 to 24.89 cents/lb in 2013, if the United States maintains its sugar programs....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23646

2001 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS 2001-2010
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
Net farm income for most representative farms in 2010 will be lower than in 2000.  Low profit farms, which consist of 25% of the farms in the study, may have  negative net farm income throughout the forecasting period, and may not have financial resiliency to survive.  Cropland prices and cash rental rates are projected to increase slightly except in the Red River Valley where they are projected to fall.  Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms will increase slightly throughout the forecast period.  Debt-to-asset ratios for the low profit and small size farms are higher than those for large and high profit farms.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Net Farm Income; Debt-to-asset Ratios; Cropland Prices; Land Rental Rates; Farm Operating Expenses; Capitalization Rate; Risk; Farm Management.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23540

Analyzing Factors Affecting U.S. Food Price Inflation.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Koo,   Won W.
Since the summer of 2007, U.S. food price has increased dramatically. Given public anxiety over fast-rising food prices in recent years, this paper attempts to analyze the effects of market factors ─ prices of energy and agricultural commodities and exchange rate ─ on U.S. food prices using a co-integration analysis. Results show that the agricultural commodity price and exchange rate play key roles in determining the short- and long-run movement of U.S. food prices. It is also found that in recent years, the energy price has been a significant factor affecting U.S. food prices in the long-run, but has little effect in the short-run. This implies the strong long-run linkage between energy and agricultural markets has emerged through production of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural commodity price; Energy price; Exchange rate; Food price inflation; Time-series analysis; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54248

MONETARY IMPACTS ON PRICES IN THE SHORT AND LONG RUN: FURTHER RESULTS FOR THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Choe,   Young Chan; Koo,   Won W.
This study examines the long-run neutrality of money and the short-run dynamics of farm and nonfarm prices to the monetary shock, using Johansen'’s approach. Results find a long-run equality of prices, but not neutrality. In the short-run, farm prices adjust faster than nonfarm prices to a monetary shock.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30957

2011 Outlook of the U.S. and World Sugar Markets, 2010-2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 2010-2020 using the Global Sugar Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes. Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to remain stable over the next ten years. Sugar prices were increased from 18.7 cents/ lb in 2009 to 27 cents/lb in 2010. World sugar production increased in 2010 along with consumption. Ending stocks did tighten in 2010. Ending stock projections by various organizations for 2011 were lower than previously estimated. World demand for sugar is expected to grow at a similar rate to world supply, resulting in Caribbean sugar prices...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Agricultural and Food Policy; Marketing.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115555

REGIONAL FACTOR DEMAND IN U.S. WHEAT PRODUCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mao,   Weining; Koo,   Won W.
This study applies a translog cost function to analyze factor demands in four U.S. wheat production regions.  The results show that factor demands are inelastic across all regions.  The interdependent relationships among inputs and the effects of price changes on the relative cost shares are substantially
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wheat production; Factor demand; Elasticity of substitution; Regional comparisons; Translog models; Curvature condition; Demand and Price Analysis; Production Economics.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23091

2009 Outlook of the U.S. and World Wheat Industries, 2008-2018
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2008-2018 period using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change. Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to remain relatively healthy for the next ten years. World demand for both common and durum wheat are expected to remain strong. The price levels in 2007 and 2008 will not be maintained in 2009 and future because increased wheat and corn production in 2008 and reduced demand for corn for ethanol production will lower demand and increase supply. World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Common wheat; Durum wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54725

World Agriculture Organization (WAO): New Global Governance for Agricultural Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moon,   Wanki; Koo,   Won W.; Kim,   Chang-Gil.
It is increasingly questionable whether the WTO regime is the most appropriate form of governance for addressing global problems related to agriculture. In particular, climate change, sustainability, hunger/poverty in developing countries, and expected imbalance in food demand-supply by 2050 are emerging as grave challenges to humanity and the WTO is still struggling to resolve issues (related to the multifunctional roles of agriculture) of the 20th century while completely lacking the capacity to tackle such new global issues of the 21st century. Given this outmoded institution, the primary objective of this article is to propose that a new system of governance is needed so as to exclusively and effectively deal with problems arising from the interactions...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Global public goods; Climate change; Sustainable agriculture; Food security; WTO; Agricultural trade; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98886

2011 North Dakota Agricultural Outlook: Representative Farms, 2011-2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
Net farm income in North Dakota was at record levels for most representative farms in 2010. However income in 2020 is projected to be lower than in 2010. Commodity prices are expected to decrease slowly from current levels. Commodity yields are projected to increase at historical trend-line rates and production expenses are expected to return to normal growth rates. Debt-to-asset ratios for all farms except for the low profit farm will decrease slightly throughout the forecast period. Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit farms are expected to increase slightly.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Debt-to-asset ratios; Cropland prices; Land rental rates; Farm operating expenses; Capitalization rate; Risk; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115629

Climate Change Legislation: Positive or Negative For North Dakota Agriculture?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
The United States House of Representatives passed a climate change bill entitled “The American Clean Energy and Security Act” in June 2009.  The bill establishes a combined efficiency and renewable electricity standard which requires retail electricity suppliers to utilize 20% renewable energy by 2020. The objective of this study is to estimate the costs of the American Clean Energy and Security Act in crop production and the benefits of carbon sequestration under the legislation. This study especially evaluates the impact of the legislation on the North Dakota farm income under a Cap and Trade system with and without carbon sequestration. Three different carbon sequestration programs are evaluated to estimate the impact of each program on the net farm...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Carbon sequestration; American Clean Energy and Security Act; North Dakota Representative Farm model; No-till; Wetlands; Woodlands; Net farm income; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55940

2005 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD WHEAT INDUSTRIES, 2004-2013
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2004-2013 period using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change.   Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to improve for the next nine years.  World demand for both common and durum wheat are expected to grow faster than world production, resulting in gradual increases in prices of the wheat varieties.  However, the higher price levels experienced in 2002 and 2003 due to weather conditions will not be maintained in the short term.  World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade volume of durum...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Common wheat; Durum wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23631

THE MEXICAN SWEETENERS MARKET AND SUGAR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andino,   Jose; Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
This study analyzes the effect of a potential increase in sugar imports from Mexico on the U.S. sugar price, and its consequences for producers and consumers.  Additional sugar imports would cause a substantial reduction of sugar prices in the United States and consequently an increase in consumption.  Due to low commodity prices, acreage and total production of beet and cane sugar in the United States are expected to fall.  Under these circumstances, social welfare in the United States may increase; however, welfare benefits may go to food processors rather than consumer households.  By contrast, increases in sugar imports would substantially hurt sugar beet and cane producers.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Mexican Sugar; HFCS; NAFTA; U.S. Sugar; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23490

Impacts of Alternative Farm Programs on the North Dakota Agricultural Economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Aakre,   Dwight G.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23427

THE U.S. CANE AND BEET SUGAR INDUSTRY UNDER ALTERNATIVE TRADE LIBERALIZATION POLICY OPTIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.
The objective of this study is to analyze major issues the U.S. sugar industry is facing or will face in the near future and the impacts of alternative trade liberalization policies in the United States and the European Union (EU) on the U.S. sugar industry. Special attention is given to regional competitiveness in sugar production in the United States. A global sugar policy simulation model was used for this study. This study indicates that most sugar producing regions may be able to survive at current costs and asset values if both the United States and the EU liberalize their sugar trade, while sugar subsidies remain in other countries. However, if only the United States eliminates its sugar programs, all U.S. sugar producing regions would be threatened.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sugarbeet; Sugarcane; Loan rates; Import liberalization; Sugar price; Caribbean sugar price; High fructose corn syrup; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23404

DETERMINING BILATERAL TRADE PATTERNS USING A DYNAMIC GRAVITY EQUATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   MinKyoung; Cho,   Guedae; Koo,   Won W.
Using a dynamic gravity equation, we show that the national product differentiation model explains food and agricultural trade more properly, while the product differentiation model is more appropriate to explain large-scale manufacturing trade.  In this context, our result is not consistent with the one found by Head and Ries (2001) in the short-run.  The intuitive explanation for this result is that inward foreign direct investment can occur through either merger or acquisition in the short-run.  Second, the pattern of bilateral trade could quickly adjust to changes in relative income between countries.  Furthermore, we illustrate the positive impacts of world income growth on bilateral trade, which is in sharp contrast with the conventional analysis....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Dynamic gravity equation; National product differentiation; Product differentiation; World income growth; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23538

2008 Outlook of the U.S. and World Sugar Markets, 2007-2017
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 2007-2017 using the Global Sugar Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes. Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to remain profitable over the next ten years mainly because of the recent surge in world oil prices have increased the conversion of sugar into ethanol in Brazil, while other exporting countries have increased their production in response to those higher prices. Brazil is the largest exporter of sugar, and it is expected that the rate of increase in Brazilian sugar exports may be reduced due to high oil prices. World demand for...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37276

2009 North Dakota Agricultural Outlook: Representative Farms, 2009-2018
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
Net farm income for all representative farms in 2018 is projected to be lower than in 2008. Low-profit farms, which comprise 20% of the farms in the study, may not have financial resiliency to survive without off-farm income. Commodity prices are expected to fall from current levels however the final level is unknown. Commodity yields are projected to increase at historical trend-line rates and production expenses are expected to return to normal growth rates after 2009. Debt-to-asset ratios for all farms except for the low profit farm will decrease slightly throughout the forecast period. Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit farms are expected to increase to about 0.50.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Debt-to-asset ratios; Cropland prices; Land rental rates; Farm operating expenses; Capitalization rate; Risk iv; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55124

WHEAT IMPORT DEMAND IN THE JAPANESE FLOUR MILLING INDUSTRY: A PRODUCTION THEORY APPROACH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mao,   Weining; Koo,   Won W.; Suomala,   Jon P.; Sakurai,   Takeshi.
The translog cost function is used to analyze import demand for wheat differentiated by class and country of origin in the Japanese wheat flour milling industry.  Results indicate that U.S. wheat faces strong competition in the Japanese wheat market, but its multiple classes and end-use characteristics enable the United States to preserve the largest market share in Japan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Import demand; Japan; Wheat; Production theory; Translog cost function; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23089

U.S. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES OF LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES: A DYNAMIC APPROACH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skripnitchenko,   Anatoliy; Koo,   Won W.
In this report, we apply a dynamic cost minimization model of U.S. foreign direct investment in food processing industries to nine Latin American countries.  Estimation of the first order condition (Euler equation) using a consistent rational expectation assumption showed that dynamic structure explains the investment process in food processing industries quite well.  U.S. food processors in Latin America are driven by the host country?s level of demand and by labor cost considerations.  They can adjust their investment position quickly.  We also quantified short and long-run effects of shocks to exogenous variables on foreign direct investment position.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Foreign direct investment; Dynamic; Latin America; Adjustment costs; Processed food; Euler equation; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23533

Impacts of the Armey and Shelby Flat Tax Proposal on North Dakota Representative Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duncan,   Marvin R.; Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Financial Economics.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120987

Economic Feasibility of an Air Cargo Handling Facility at Fargo, North Dakota
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Golz,   Theresa K.; Golz,   Joel T.; Koo,   Won W.
Exports to Taiwan in 1990 via air freight were approximately $2.9 billion, and imports via air freight to the united States were $3.1 billion. Total U.S. exports/imports to/from Taiwan in 1990 were $11.5 billion and $22.7 billion, respectively. China Airlines operates three air cargo hubs in the united States: New York, Los Angeles, and Dallas. The real per capita Gross National Product (GNP) in Taiwan for 1989 was $7,512, up from $3,297 in 1985. This implies that the Taiwanese economy is one of the fastest growing economies in Asia. Trade volume between the united States and Taiwan has increased substantially over the last 10 years and is predicted to grow in the future. The objective of this study is to evaluate the economic feasibility of Fargo, North...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51193

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF THE CATTLE FEEDING INDUSTRY IN THE NORTHERN PLAINS AND WESTERN LAKES STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Saxowsky,   David M.; Koo,   Won W.
The five-state study area of the Northern Plains and Western Lakes States, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin, has adequate feed supplies and feeder cattle to markedly increase cattle feeding.  Feed costs in these states have historically been lower than in the Southern Plains States.  However, higher transportation costs appear to offset that advantage.  Close access to slaughter plants in these states could offset that transportation disadvantage.  Backgrounding of cattle appears to be quite profitable and cattle feeding, especially in larger sized feedlots, can be profitable.  However, the cattle feeding industry has an increasing level of excess capacity.  To be successful, new feedlots in the Northern Plains and Western...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cattle feeding; Northern Plains; Economies of scale; Cooperative ownership; Entrance strategies; Production Economics; Agribusiness.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23199

Determinants of World Wheat Trade Flows and Policy Analysis: An Application of Gravity Model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Karemera,   David.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121644

Testing Structural Change and Estimation of U.S. Demand for Meat
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mao,   Weining; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121041

2010 Outlook for the U.S. and World Corn and Soybean Industries, 2009-2019
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
This report evaluates the United States and world corn and soybean markets for the 2009-2019 time period using the Global Corn and Soybean Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change. The major influence in the corn market will be U.S. corn based ethanol production. If the production of corn based ethanol remains strong, corn prices will likely remain strong. However, if the U.S. Federal government subsidies or mandates change, the world corn market could be negatively impacted. Under the current assumptions in the model, corn price is expected to remain in a range between $3.70 and $4.10 per bushel. The level of Chinese...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Corn; Soybeans; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ethanol; Ending stocks; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92003

Econometric Analysis of Livestock Products Demand in Korea and Its Implications in the Korean Feed Grain Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Park,   Chang J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23471

Determinants of the U.S. Trade Balance in Consumer-Oriented Agricultural Products
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhuang,   Renan; Koo,   Won W.; Mattson,   Jeremy W.
This study investigates the factors behind the growing U.S. trade deficit in consumer-oriented agricultural and food products by using reliable panel data and an empirical trade model derived from international trade theory. The results indicate that per capita income in the United States appears to be the most important determinant for the growing U.S. trade deficit. Increases in per capita income and trade liberalization in foreign countries improve the U.S. trade balance. U.S. foreign direct investment abroad in food processing, a strong U.S. dollar, and NAFTA are found to have negative effects on the U.S. trade balance.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumer-oriented products; Trade balance; Trade deficit; Exchange rate; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9079

A Dynamic Approach to the FDI-Environment Nexus: The Case of China and India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Koo,   Won W.
The cointegration analysis and a vector error-correction (VEC) model are applied to examine the short- and long-run relationships among foreign direct investment (FDI), economic growth, and the environment in China and India. The results show that FDI inflow plays a pivotal role in determining the short- and long-run movement of economic growth through capital accumulation and technical spillovers in the two countries. However, FDI inflow in both countries is found to have a detrimental effect on environmental quality in both the short- and long-run, supporting pollution haven hypothesis. Finally, it is found that, in the short-run, there exists a unidirectional causality from FDI inflow to economic growth and the environment in China and India - a change...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: China; Cointegration analysis; Environment; FDI; India; Vector error-correction; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6508

Analysis of Alternative Farm Programs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Aakre,   Dwight G.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121048

1999 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD SUGAR MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 1998-2008 by using the World Sugar Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes. Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to be strong for the next ten years. World demand for sugar is expected to grow faster than world supply, gradually increasing sugar prices. World trade volumes of sugar are expected to expand.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending Stocks; Agricultural and Food Policy; Marketing; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23165

CANADIAN EXPORTS OF LIVESTOCK AND MEAT TO THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Wachenheim,   Cheryl J.; Koo,   Won W.; Petry,   Timothy A.
Canadian exports of beef and live cattle to the United States have increased significantly since the late 1980s.  Hog exports have increased since the mid-1990s.  Major factors affecting exports of beef, pork, cattle, and hogs from Canada to the United States include the exchange rate, increased Canadian production, U.S.-Canada price differentials, and trade liberalization under the Canada - United States Free Trade Agreement (CUSTA) of 1989.  Increased Canadian exports have resulted in small but significant reductions in U.S. domestic prices of beef, pork, and hogs.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Beef; Bilateral trade; Canada - United States Free Trade Agreement; Cattle; Free trade agreement; Pork; Hogs; Prices; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23610

2011 Outlook of the U.S. and World Corn and Soybean Industries, 2010-2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
This report evaluates the United States and world corn and soybean markets for the 2010-2020 period using the Global Corn and Soybean Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change. Corn-based ethanol production has influenced United States corn industry. As long as the production of corn-based ethanol remains strong, corn prices will likely remain at a level higher than the long term average. However, changes in the U.S. Federal government subsidies or mandates could significantly impact the world corn market. Under the current assumptions in the model, corn price is expected to remain in a range between $4.68 and $5.35 per...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Production Economics; Corn; Soybeans; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ethanol; Ending stocks.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115564

Impact of Trade Liberalization on the Korean Rice Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   Young W.; Koo,   Won W.; Yang,   Seung-Ryong.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23223

Optimizing Ethanol Production in North Dakota
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
A spatial equilibrium model based on a non-linear mathematical programming algorithm was developed to determine the optimal number, location, and size of cellulose ethanol plants for North Dakota. The objective function of the model is to minimize processing cost of biomass for ethanol and the transportation cost of shipping biomass to processing plants and ethanol to blending facilities. A heuristic approach, combined with a spatial equilibrium model, was used to determine the optimal number, location and size of biomass processing plants.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Cellulosic ethanol; Biomass; Mathematical programming; Heuristic; Production costs; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91841

ANALYSIS OF THE WORLD OIL CROPS MARKET
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Sun,   Changyou; Koo,   Won W.
The world of oilseeds, meals, and oils has been evolving.  New issues have emerged for researchers and policymakers.  The United States is still the largest player, mainly due to its dominant position in soybeans and soybean meals.  Nevertheless, the position of the United States has been challenged by several countries.  The growth by Brazil and Argentina in the production of soybeans and soybean meal has especially eroded the market share of the United States in recent years.  Malaysia and Indonesia have been aggressively marketing their palm oil, intensifying the competition for U.S. soybean oil exports.  Other issues include changing trade policies and demand in major importing countries, trade liberalization, and genetically modified crops.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Oilseeds; Soybeans; Brazil; Argentina; Trade; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23621

BILATERAL TRADE OF DURUM WHEAT AND BARLEY UNDER CUSTA AND IMPLICATIONS FOR FARM PRICE AND INCOME
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the impacts of Canadian exports of durum wheat and barley to the United States on the U.S. domestic prices of these two commodities and farm income in durum wheat and barley growing regions in the United States. Major factors affecting trade flows of agricultural commodities between the United States and Canada are the U.S. export enhancement program, the elimination of Canadian rail subsidies, marketing power of the Canadian Wheat Board, differences in macroeconomic conditions, and differences in resource endowments. They have influenced Canadian exports positively and resulted in major increases in Canadian exports of agricultural commodities to the United States. The increased Canadian exports reduce domestic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bilateral Trade; Farm Income; Subsidies; Resource Endowments; Durum Wheat; Barley; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23415

THE EFFECT OF FOOD-SAFETY RELATED INFORMATION ON CONSUMER PREFERENCE:  THE CASE OF THE BSE OUTBREAK IN JAPAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jin,   Hyun Joung; Sun,   Changyou; Koo,   Won W.
This paper uses a nonparametric approach for testing whether there is a structural change in the meat demand of Japanese consumers due to the BSE (mad-cow disease) outbreak in the country.  The axiom of revealed preference is utilized to test the stability of preference in Japanese meat consumption.  The matrix of weak form of revealed preference (WARP) is partitioned and Kruskal-Wallis statistics are derived to evaluate whether the switches of preference are transitory or due to a structural change.  Empirical results show that Japanese meat demand is currently unstable and has undergone a structural change, synchronized with the BSE outbreak in Japan in mid-September 2001.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: BSE (Mad-Cow Disease); The Revealed Preference Test; WARP; Structural change; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23636

1998 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD WHEAT INDUSTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 1997-2007 period by using the World Wheat Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, the weather, and technological change. Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to be optimistic for the next ten years.  World demands for both common and durum wheat are expected to grow faster than world production of the two wheat classes, resulting in gradual increases in prices of the wheats. World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade volume of durum wheat may grow faster than common wheat.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Common wheat; Durum wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks.; Industrial Organization; Marketing; Production Economics; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23119

NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE MISALIGNMENT: IS IT PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT TO AGRICULTURAL TRADE?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cho,   Guedae; Kim,   MinKyoung; Sun,   Edwin; Jin,   Hyun Joung; Koo,   Won W.
This paper examines whether exchange rate misalignment negatively affects agricultural trade, compared to other industry sectors.  Nominal exchange rate misalignment is obtained from the percentage deviation of real exchange rates from their long-run equilibrium based on the theory of purchasing power parity.  In order to explore this issue, a bilateral trade matrix involving trade flows between 10 developed countries is constructed.  Using panel data analysis, a gravity model is estimated for 4 industry sectors over the period 1974-1999.  The study finds that over-valuation (under-valuation) of the nominal exchange rate negatively (positively) affects export performance of the agricultural sector in particular.  In the large-scale manufacturing sectors...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Exchange rate misalignment; Agricultural trade; Gravity model; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23569

2009 Outlook of the U.S. and World Wheat Industries, 2008-2018
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2008-2018 period using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change. Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to remain relatively healthy for the next ten years. World demand for both common and durum wheat are expected to remain strong. The price levels in 2007 and 2008 will not be maintained in 2009 and future because increased wheat and corn production in 2008 and reduced demand for corn for ethanol production will lower demand and increase supply. World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Common wheat; Durum wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55118

THE IMPACTS OF CHINA'S ACCESSION INTO THE WTO ON THE U.S. WHEAT INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impacts of China's entry into the World Trade Organization on the world wheat industry.  Special attention is given to the impact on the U.S. wheat industry. The Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model was used for this analysis. This study indicates that the total value of China's imports from the United States in 2005 are predicted to increase by $221 million in the normal import scenario and $842 million in the maximum import scenario. However, net increases  in U.S. export value would range from $127 million to $577 million in 2005 because increased world price of wheat in the scenarios lowers wheat imports from other countries.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wheat industry; Tariff-rate quota; Bilateral agreement; Wheat imports; Wheat price; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23320

RELATIVE AGRICULTURAL PRICE CHANGES IN DIFFERENT TIME HORIZONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cho,   Guedae; Kim,   MinKyoung; Koo,   Won W.
Using a monthly data covering from 1974:1 to 2002:12, this paper explores the linkage between changes in macroeconomic variables (real exchange rate and inflation rate) and changes in relative agricultural prices in different time horizons (1, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months). Controlling for factors likely to determine the long run trend of relative agricultural prices, the results show that long-term changes in real exchange rate has had a significant negative correlation with the long-term changes in relative agricultural prices. Conversely, changes of the general price have a role in explaining short-term changes in relative agricultural price at best.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22249

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF THE CATTLE FEEDING INDUSTRY IN THE NORTHERN PLAINS AND WESTERN LAKES STATES - SUMMARY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Saxowsky,   David M.; Koo,   Won W.
The five-state study area of the Northern Plains and Western Lakes States, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin, has adequate feed supplies and feeder cattle to markedly increase cattle feeding.  Feed costs in these states have historically been lower than in the Southern Plains States.  However, higher transportation costs appear to offset that advantage.  Close access to slaughter plants in these states could offset that transportation disadvantage.  Backgrounding of cattle appears to be quite profitable and cattle feeding, especially in larger sized feedlots, can be profitable.  However, the cattle feeding industry has an increasing level of excess capacity.  To be successful, new feedlots in the Northern Plains and Western...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cattle feeding; Northern Plains; Economies of scale; Cooperative ownership; Entrance strategies; Production Economics.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23338

Price Dynamics in the North American Wheat Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Koo,   Won W.
This study examines price dynamics in the U.S. and Canadian hard red spring (HRS) and durum wheat markets. Using monthly prices for 1979-2002, we adopt Johansen cointegration tests and a vector error-correction (VEC) model. The results show that U.S. hard red winter (HRW) and Canadian HRS are exogenous in the model consisting of U.S. HRW and HRS and Canadian HRS prices. Canadian durum is exogenous in the model of U.S. and Canadian durum prices. Therefore, the results suggest that the HRW exporting industry and Canada have been the price leader in North American wheat markets.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Canadian wheat exports; Durum wheat; Hard red spring wheat; Johansen cointegration test; Unit root test with a structural break; Vector error-correction; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19353

ANALYSIS OF FARM FINANCING AND RISK MANAGEMENT FOR NORTH DAKOTA FARMERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.
Significant changes under the 1996 FAIR Act and recent trade agreements are occurring in the U.S. farm sector.  The changes will affect both the source and the magnitude of the business and financial risks that farmers will be required to manage. The objectives of this study were to investigate North Dakota farmers' plans regarding business expansion, timing of expansion, and expected financing of that business expansion and to analyze their risk management strategies. The study was based on a statewide survey.  The data were categorized into six groups for analysis: demographics, intergenerational transfer, debt characteristics, lender relationships, business expansion, and farmer expectations of their lenders.  Statistical techniques were used to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm credit; Expansion plans; Debt-to-asset ratio; Farm demographics; Financial tools; Credit sources; Financial services; Non-traditional lending; Agricultural Finance; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23340

2006 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD WHEAT INDUSTRIES, 2005-2015
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2005-2015 period using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change.  Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to improve for the next nine years.  World demand for both common and durum wheat are expected to grow faster than world production, resulting in gradual increases in prices of the wheat varieties.  However, the current higher price levels in 2006 are due to weather conditions and will not be maintained, as production is expected to return to normal levels in 2007.  World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Common wheat; Durum wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23574

Price Transmission Mechanisms among Disaggregated Processing Stages of Food: Demand-Pull or Cost-Push?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kwon,   Dae-Heum; Koo,   Won W.
The recent concurrent surges of food and commodity prices renew the debate on the causal directions between producer and consumer prices. To address this issue, we utilize the stage of processing system incorporating retail stage beyond crude, intermediate, and finished processing stages of food and employ the method proposed by Toda and Yamamoto (1995) and Dolado and Lütkepohl (1996) of Granger causality tests. The overall results show that consistent with theory of derived demand, the demand-pull mechanisms coexist with the cost-push processes in 1985-2001. However, the upward cost-push pressures dominate the demand-pull mechanism through various transmission channels in 2002-2008.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Marketing.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49332

BIOTERRORISM AND FOOD SECURITY --ISSUES AND CHALLENGES -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
Introduction:  A conference titled Bioterrorism and Food Security: Issues and Challenges was held on October 28 and 29, 2002 at the Ramada Plaza Suites and Conference Center in Fargo, North Dakota. The conference was organized by the Center for Agricultural Policy and Trade Studies and the Great Plains Institute of Food Safety, North Dakota State University. Sponsors of the conference were the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics. Speakers included U.S. Senator Byron Dorgan, U.S. Representative Earl Pomeroy, Lieutenant Governor Jack Dalrymple, government officials, and members of academia and private industry. The purpose of this conference was to address emerging issues related to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23067

AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE NORTH DAKOTA CATTLE INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Aakre,   Dwight G.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
The analysis was conducted to evaluate the impacts of both the Federal Agricultural Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (FAIR) and the cattle cycle on the livestock enterprises.  The North Dakota Representative Farm and Ranch Model, which uses the Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute price projections as an input, was developed and used for this analysis.  Net farm income and farm debt-to-asset ratios for the average and large beef cattle farms were analyzed. The U.S. cattle industry has been characterized by cyclical variations in production and prices.  It appears that the current cattle cycle is in the final stages of expansion.  Cattle numbers continued to increase during 1995, but at a slow rate. Industry estimates are that the bottom of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Livestock; Representative farms; Cattle cycle; Production Economics.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23339

THE TRADE IMBALANCE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA: THE ROLE OF EXCHANGE RATE AND TRADE LIBERALIZATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cho,   Guedae; Koo,   Won W.
The pattern of trade between the United States and China has dramatically changed during the past 15 years.  Until 1992, the commodity trade volume between the two countries was around $10 billion per year, but it grew to $60 billion in 1999.  Because China has kept its currency (yuan or renminbi) pegged to the U.S. dollar since 1994, its current large trade surplus with the United States has led some critics to claim that the yuan is undervalued.   The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of the U.S.-China bilateral exchange rate on the pattern of trade between the two countries after controlling for alternative factors influencing U.S.-Chinese bilateral trade flows.   The results suggested that the U.S-China bilateral exchange rate does not have an...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23553

ACREAGE RESPONSES TO EXPECTED REVENUES AND PRICE RISK FOR MINOR OILSEEDS AND PROGRAM CROPS IN THE NORTHERN PLAINS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Krause,   Mark A.; Koo,   Won W.
Wheat, barely, flaxseed, and oilseed sunflower acreage respond to different economic variables. Wheat and barely acreage must be divided among program-complying, program-planted, and nonprogram-planted acreage because these categories respond to different variables and respond to own expected-revenue and price-risk variables in opposite ways. Flaxseed, sunflower, and nonprogram-planted acreage of wheat and barley have highly significant, positive responses to their own expected revenue and negative responses to their own-price risk. Flaxseed and sunflower acreage have been more responsive to their lagged values than to expected revenues for wheat.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31028

Competitiveness of Regional Sugar Production Under Alternative Production Conditions and Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120989

The Impacts of the Budget Reconciliation Proposal on North Dakota Small, Medium, and Large Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Aakre,   Dwight G.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Farm Management.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120982

The Projected Impact of Farm Program Spending Caps on North Dakota Representative Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duncan,   Marvin R.; Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Aakre,   Dwight G.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121051

The Impact of Farm Program Alternatives on Farm Debt-to-Asset Ratios and Cash Rental Rates
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duncan,   Marvin R.; Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Aakre,   Dwight G.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Financial Economics.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121049

Economic Impact of Alternative Farm Program Scenarios on the North Dakota Economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leistritz,   F. Larry; Koo,   Won W.; Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Aakre,   Dwight G.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121052

Alternative Agricultural Policies in Korea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Cho,   Kyu D.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23294

POTENTIAL EFFECTS ON U.S. CATTLE AND BEEF PRICES FROM REOPENING THE BORDERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
U.S. trade of beef and live cattle has declined substantially since the discoveries of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in Canada and the United States in 2003.  Imports of live cattle from Canada resumed in July 2005, but U.S. beef exports remained substantially below pre-BSE levels as important export markets in Japan and Korea were not regained.  The removal of the ban on Canadian imports and the eventual lifting of bans to export markets could affect U.S. cattle and beef prices.  In this study, an econometric model is developed and estimated to determine the effects of lifting trade restrictions on cattle and beef prices.  Results show that if net cattle imports from Canada increase to 1.5 million animals per year, with beef imports held...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bovine spongiform encephalopathy; Beef exports; Cattle imports; Prices; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23493

Impact of the EU Sugar Policy Reform and the WTO-DDA on the U.S. Sugar Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andino,   Jose; Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
The EU reforms will increase the Caribbean sugar price, but will not affect the U.S. sugar industry.  If liberalization occurs based on the WTO-DDA, U.S. wholesale sugar price will decrease from 24.89 to 23.79 cents per pound.  It is also expected the Caribbean price to increase from 8.7 to 12.1 cents per pound. Key Words: Sugar, Liberalization, EU Reform, Doha Development Agenda
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Liberalization; EU Reform; Doha Development Agenda; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19334

FUNDAMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING WORLD GRAIN TRADE IN THE NEXT TWO DECADES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Dahl,   Bruce L.
Replaced with corrected version of paper 04/04/08.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23516

U.S./CANADA GRAIN HANDLING AND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Park,   Joon J.; Koo,   Won W.
The United States and Canada have developed very different grain handling and transportation systems (GHTSs) over the last several decades to compete for global and domestic markets in Canada and the United States under CUSTA. Because the grain industries in both countries face long distance hauls, GHTSs are critically important to their operations and to producer returns.  There has been considerable pressure for change in Canada's grain handling and transportation sector. Some industry trends, such as the rationalization of elevators in the Prairies and investments in new high through-put facilities, are being driven by market and competitive forces. Changes in grain handling, reciprocal access to marketing functions, and elimination of rate caps may...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Canadian Wheat Board (CWB); Grain Trade; Grain Transportation and Handling System (GHTS); Rail Rate; Railcar Allocation; Rationalization; Rate Cap; Reciprocal Access; Regulation; Reform Package.; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23576

DOES EXCHANGE RATE MATTER TO AGRICULTURAL BILATERAL TRADE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CANAD?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cho,   Guedae; Kim,   Mina; Koo,   Won W.
This study examines the effects of the U.S.-Canada exchange rate on bilateral trade of agricultural goods between the two countries and on U.S. farm income.  Special attention is given to agricultural trade between the two countries under the Canada - United States Free Trade Agreement (CUSTA).  This study utilizes two time series models: the vector error correction model (VECM) and the vector moving average model (VMA) with quarterly time series data from 1983 to 2000.  This study found that exchange rates have a significant impact on U.S. agricultural trade with Canada and that the exchange rate between the two currencies is weakly exogenous in the U.S. agricultural sector, indicating that it is not influenced by U.S. agricultural trade with Canada and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cointegration; VECM; VMA; Exchange rate impacts; Weak exogeneity; Over-identification; Short- and long-run impulse response; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23485

Optimal Production and Trade for Agricultural Products
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Drennan,   Todd.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Production Economics.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121752

Price Transmission Channels of Energy and Exchange Rate on Food Sector: A Disaggregated Approach based on Stage of Process
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kwon,   Dae-Heum; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49334

JAPANESE MEAT IMPORT DEMAND ESTIMATION WITH THE SOURCE DIFFERENTIATED AIDS MODEL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yang,   Seung-Ryong; Koo,   Won W.
A source differentiated AIDS model is specified to estimate Japanese meat import demand. Block separability and product aggregation are rejected at conventional levels of significance. The model with the block substitutability restriction explains more than 95% of data variation. The empirical results indicate that the U.S. has the largest potential for beef exports to Japan. Taiwan is in a strong position in the pork market, and Thailand and China are strong in the poultry market. The U.S. competes with Canada and Taiwan in the pork market, but the competition between Taiwan and European countries is the strongest in the market. The U.S. competes with Thailand in the poultry market, where the U.S. is the most vulnerable.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30760

PREFERENTIAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS: IMPACTS ON AGRICULTURAL TRADE AND INCOME
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skripnitchenko,   Anatoliy; Beladi,   Hamid; Koo,   Won W.
In this article we focus on the effects of preferential trade arrangements on agricultural trade and agricultural income. Given the large number of preferential trade arrangements and complex interactions among them, we attempt to find out whether preferential trade arrangements are beneficial to agricultural trade and income, and are an effective tool to liberalize agricultural trade. The findings suggest that preferential trade arrangements with some exceptions tend to expand agricultural trade and improve agricultural income.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20260

Competitiveness of Regional Sugar Production under Alternative Production Conditions and Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Production Economics.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23426

AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL FEED AND MALTING BARLEY MARKETS: AN ECONOMETRIC SPATIAL OLIGOPOLISTIC APPROACH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schmitz,   Troy G.; Koo,   Won W.
A "hybrid" spatial price equilibrium model is developed to evaluate changes in production, consumption, and trade of feed and malting barley under alternative domestic and agricultural trade policy regimes. The analysis includes the economic welfare impacts of changes in various farm subsidy programs on the United States, Canada, Australia, and European Union (EU-15) which are the four major barley exporting countries in the world. The actions of competitive U.S. grain traders under the Export Enhancement Program cause feed barley exports to be segmented into two distinct markets. A spatial equilibrium is established in which the Canadian Wheat Board and Australian marketing boards behave as oligopolists in export markets under arbitrage conditions induced...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Malting; Feed; Farm Subsidy; Trade Policy; Export Market; Welfare; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23286

FORCES RESHAPING WORLD AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
This paper examines many of the forces reshaping world agriculture.  Among these forces are increased trade liberalization, agricultural research and development, and new movements in developing countries.  Worldwide agricultural production is likely to become more competitive as a result of increased trade liberalization through the World Trade Organization and regional and bilateral free trade agreements.  Countries can become more competitive through agricultural research and development.  As a result of research and development, total agricultural production has increased significantly across the world over the last several decades.  Agricultural research has also led to the development of many new, non-food uses for agricultural products.  New...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Globalization; Research and development; Productivity; Biofuels; Brazil; Food demand; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23616

EFFECTS OF THE DUTIES ON CANADIAN HARD RED SPRING WHEAT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.; Baek,   Jungho.
Since the United States imposed antidumping and countervailing duties totaling 14.16 percent on imports of Canadian hard red spring (HRS) wheat, Canadian exports to the United States have nearly stopped.  This study examines the changes in U.S. wheat imports from Canada.  An econometric model is developed and estimated to determine the effects of the decline in HRS wheat imports on U.S. farm price and producer revenue.  The substantial decline in HRS wheat imports from Canada from the 1997/98 - 2001/02 levels to the current levels is found to have increased the spring wheat price received by farmers by about $0.15 per bushel.  With the average yearly HRS wheat production totaling 481 million bushels, this price increase means an increase in annual income...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wheat; Imports; Canada; Farm price; Countervailing duties; Antidumping duties; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23494

Implications of Growth in China for the U.S. and Other Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhuang,   Renan; Koo,   Won W.
We investigate the effects of China's economic growth on various sectors in the United States and other countries and regions, using a multi-region Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model. The results indicate that all countries and regions, except South Korea and South Asian countries, would benefit from China's rapid economic growth. The welfare gain varies significantly across the countries and regions. Hong Kong and Taiwan would benefit the most from mainland China's economic growth in terms of per capita welfare gains. U.S. bilateral trade balance with China would improve in the sectors of grain and other primary agricultural products, but it would deteriorate in the sectors of textiles and high-tech manufacturing products.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10257

ESTIMATING EFFICIENCY MEASURES IN NORTH DAKOTA FARMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mulik,   Kranti; Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
A normalized Quadratic Cost function is estimated using data from 1998-2003 to analyze the cost structure of North Dakota farms.  Results indicate that there is overall evidence of increasing returns to scale.  However, we do not find differences in efficiency across the different farm sizes.  Marginal costs scale economies do not differ significantly across the different size categories, indicating that small and medium farms are just as efficient as the larger farms.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Normalized quadratic cost function; Economies of scale; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23489

INCREASES IN DEMAND FOR FOOD IN CHINA AND IMPLICATIONS FOR WORLD AGRICULTURAL TRADE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Lou,   Jianqiang; Johnson,   Roger G.
China is experiencing rapid economic growth, resulting in increased demand for food. Estimates are made of Chinese production and consumption of rice, wheat, corn, and soybeans to the year 2005. Results indicate that China will become a large net importer especially of wheat, corn, and soybeans. China's grain shipping and handling industries will need to be expanded to handle the increased imports.   Note: Figures are not included in the machine readable copy--contact the authors for more information.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trade; Food Consumption; Grain Production; Rice; Wheat; Corn; Soybeans; China; Agriculture; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23418

Heteroskedasticity in Crop Yield Models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yang,   Seung-Ryong; Koo,   Won W.; Wilson,   William W.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121402

ANALYSIS OF U.S. WHEAT MARKET SHARES IN EAST ASIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jin,   Hyun Joung; Koo,   Won W.
The effects of U.S. wheat prices, dollar values, and their volatilities on U.S. wheat market shares in 10 Asian countries are analyzed.  The variables are converted to a relative form comparing the U.S. against Australian and Canadian variables in order to incorporate the effects of competition among these countries.  The effects of the increased loan rates and target prices in the early 1980s and the U.S. export enhancement program (EEP) are also analyzed.  Estimation results show that higher U.S. wheat prices and U.S. dollar appreciation have detrimental effects, while increases in competitors? wheat prices and currency values have cross positive effects on U.S. market shares.  The importers are not sensitive to volatility in annual price and exchange...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International wheat trade; Market share; Panel unit-root test; Panel estimation; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23505

2002 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS, 2002-2011
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
Net farm income for most representative farms in 2011 will be lower than in 2002.  Low profit farms, which consist of 25% of the farms in the study, may not have financial resiliency to survive.  The new farm bill will provide higher net farm income than a continuation of the FAIR Act.  Cropland prices and cash rental rates are projected to increase slightly in all regions.  Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms will increase slightly throughout the forecast period.  Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit and small-size farms are higher than those for large and high-profit farms.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Debt-to-asset ratios; Cropland prices; Land rental rates; Farm operating expenses; Capitalization rate; Farm Management.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23506

THE RELATIVE IMPACT OF NATIONAL MONETARY POLICIES AND INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE RATE ON LONG-TERM VARIATIONS IN RELATIVE AGRICULTURAL POLICIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cho,   Guedae; Kim,   MinKyoung; Koo,   Won W.
This paper seeks to explain the causes of the long-term variation in food and agricultural prices compared to the overall price level in the United States, over the period of 1974-1996.  Using cointegration methods, this study confirms a general consensus of long-run neutrality of national money (money supply) and gives practical evidence of the real impact of international money (exchange rate) on the long-term variation of relative agricultural price in the United States, especially during the 1974-1988 period.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Long-term variation of agricultural prices; Exchange rates; Money supply; Agricultural and Food Policy; Financial Economics.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23495

CANADIAN EXPORTS OF WHEAT AND BARLEY TO THE UNITED STATES AND ITS IMPACTS ON U.S. DOMESTIC PRICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
Canadian exports of wheat and barley to the United States have increased significantly since the late 1980s.  The objectives of this study are to determine the factors that affect trade flows of hard red spring wheat, durum wheat, malting barley, and feed barley from Canada to the United States and to evaluate the impacts of Canadian wheat and barley exports on the U.S. domestic prices of these commodities.    Major factors affecting trade flows of these commodities from Canada to the United States include the exchange rate, quality differences, differences in market size, the U.S. Export Enhancement Program, the elimination of Canadian rail subsidies, and trade liberalization under the Canada - United States Free Trade Agreement of 1989 (CUSTA).  These...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bilateral trade; Free trade agreement; Wheat; Barley; Farm price; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23499

2007 North Dakota Agricultural Outlook: Representative Farms, 2007-2016
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
Net farm income for nearly all representative farms in 2016 is projected to be higher than in 2006.  Low-profit farms, which comprise 20% of the farms in the study, may not have financial resiliency to survive without off-farm income.  Commodity prices and yields are projected to increase slightly faster than costs, which will increase net farm income.  Cropland prices and cash rental rates are projected to increase slightly in all regions.  Debt-to-asset ratios for all farms will decrease slightly throughout the forecast period.  Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit farms are expected to remain near the 0.50 level.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Debt-to-asset ratios; Cropland prices; Land rental rates; Farm operating expenses; Capitalization rate; Risk; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7641

PROGRAM AND NONPROGRAM WHEAT ACREAGE RESPONSES TO PRICES AND RISK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Krause,   Mark A.; Lee,   Jung-Hee; Koo,   Won W.
Wheat acreage responses to expected wheat price and price risk are reversed for program and nonprogram-planted acreage in the northern plains, central plains, southern plains, and U.S. Expected wheat price has a strong negative effect on program-complying wheat acreage. Government support prices have a positive effect on program-complying and program-planted acreage. Price risk has a positive effect on program-complying wheat acreage and a negative effect on nonprogram-planted acreage. Estimated price elasticities are higher than in studies where risk was ignored.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30930

Changes in Agricultural Input Costs and Their Impact on Net Farm Income
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
The recent rapid increase in commodity prices is not an unique event. It has happened several times in the past. Commodity prices have always dropped, returning to a more normal level. Production costs, on the other hand, follow commodity prices up but do not follow them down. Net farm income has increased rapidly in most commodity sectors of agriculture. However, production costs have increased substantially during the past few years. Those cost increases will reduce net farm incomes in the future if commodity prices do not continue to increase.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Production costs; Gross income; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46888

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTORS IN CHINESE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Lou,   Jianqiang.
This study examined the interdependency between Chinese agricultural and industrial sectors. A dual economic model was developed to investigate the relationship between the two sectors and factors affecting Chinese economic development. The study reveals traditional inputs, such as labor, are still important to Chinese economic development. Capital investment contributed significantly to the growth of the Chinese industrial sector, but not to the agricultural sector. The results also suggest that foreign trade has made a significant contribution to Chinese economic development. It was found that the growth of the Chinese agricultural sector depends on its industrial growth, but the growth of the Chinese industrial sector does not rely on the agricultural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Chinese economic development; Dual economy; Growth model; Agricultural sector; Industrial sector; Foreign trade; International Development.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23176

2011 Outlook of the U.S. and World Wheat Industries, 2010-2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2010-2020 time period using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change. Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to remain relatively healthy for the next ten years. World demand for both common and durum wheat are expected to remain strong. The price levels in 2010 and early 2011 will not be maintained because they are the result of a small wheat crop in the Former Soviet Union (FSU). It is expected that wheat production in the FSU will return to normal in the future. World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Common wheat; Durum wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Crop Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115558

ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF THE U.S.-AUSTRALIA FREE TRADE AGREEMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Skripnitchenko,   Anatoliy; Koo,   Won W.
The general objective of this study is to analyze the economic impact of the recently negotiated U.S. - Australia Free Trade Agreement (FTA).  Specific objectives are to estimate changes in trade and prices in different sectors of the U.S. and Australian economies and to determine the impact on U.S. agriculture and the U.S. beef industry in particular.  The results of a general equilibrium analysis suggest that the FTA will not have significant effects on the economies of Australia, the United States, or the rest of the world.  The United States could achieve gains in the manufacturing sector, but the U.S. agricultural sector could experience small losses as Australia could increase exports of dairy products and beef to the United States.  The results of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Australia; Free trade agreement; Exports; Imports; Beef; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23073

Socialists Industrialization and Economic Performance in China From 1952 to 1989
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lin,   Jinding; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23115

2008 North Dakota Agricultural Outlook: Representative Farms, 2008-2017
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
Net farm income for nearly all representative farms in 2017 is projected to be lower than in 2007. Low profit farms, which comprise 20% of the farms in the study, may not have financial resiliency to survive without off-farm income. Commodity prices are expected to fall from current levels, however, the final level is unknown. Two price level scenarios were analyzed. Commodity yields are projected to increase at historical trend-line rates and production expenses are expected to return to normal growth rates after 2009. Debt-to-asset ratios for all farms will decrease slightly throughout the forecast period. Debt-to-asset ratios for the low profit farms are expected to remain near the 0.50 level.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Debt-to-asset ratios; Cropland prices; Land rental rates; Farm operating expenses; Capitalization rate; Risk.; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42500

The Environmental Consequences of Globalization: A Country-Specific Time Series Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Cho,   Yongsung; Koo,   Won W.
The dynamic relationships among trade, income and the environment for developed and developing countries are examined using a cointegration analysis. Results suggest that trade and income growth tend to increase environmental quality in developed countries, whereas they have detrimental effects on environmental quality in most developing countries. It is also found that for developed countries, the causal relationship appears to run from trade and income to the environment ─ a change in trade and income growth causes a consequent change in environmental quality, and the opposite relationship holds for developing countries.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Developed countries; Developing countries; Environmental quality; Globalization; Time-series analysis; Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37342

OFFSHORE COMMODITY AND CURRENCY HEDGING STRATEGY WITH HEDGING COSTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jin,   Hyun Joung; Koo,   Won W.
This study explores the role of hedging costs in offshore hedging to minimize the risks associated with fluctuations in commodity export prices and exchange rates in international grain trade.  The study focuses on three areas: (1) the effects of hedging costs in both commodity and currency futures hedging, (2) the relationship between hedging cost and trade volume of a grain, and (3) a prescriptive hedging strategy for Japanese wheat importers in the commodity and currency futures markets.    A demand system for futures hedging is presented and the effect of hedging cost on the model is analyzed.  The model is applied to a representative wheat importer in Japan.  Demand for futures is estimated under different levels of hedging costs in both commodity and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International grain trade; Risk management; Offshore futures hedging; Hedging cost; Marketing.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23592

INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL TRADE DISPUTES: CASE STUDIES IN NORTH AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moss,   Charles B.; Koo,   Won W.; Schmitz,   Andrew.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15687

2003 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS, 2003-2012
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
Net farm income for all representative farms in 2012 will be lower than in 2003.  Low profit farms, which comprise of 25% of the farms in the study, may not have financial resiliency to survive.  Costs are projected to increase faster than yields.  The new farm bill removes much of the price risk that producers face while placing it on the federal government.  Cropland prices and cash rental rates are projected to increase slightly in all regions.  Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms will increase slightly throughout the forecast period.  Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit and small-size farms are higher than those for large and high-profit farms.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23521

Importer Loyalty in International Wheat Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; Koo,   Won W.; Carter,   Colin A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23468

OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF A U.S./CANADIAN WHEAT POOL:  A GAME THEORY ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nganje,   William E.; Koo,   Won W.; Park,   Joon J.; Taylor,   Richard D.
The problem of declining wheat prices and excess supply has been the subject of recent economic studies partly because it coincides with the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform (FAIR) Act of 1996, and partly because efforts to decrease supply domestically have led to increased imports from Canada.  This paper develops a game theory optimization model of market efficiency and derives conditions under which voluntary pooling is sustained for U.S./Canadian durum and hard red spring wheat producers.  Analysis reveals that U.S. and Canadian farmers can increase farm returns with efficiency gains from pooling and by internalizing benefits from grain blending and logistics.  The model is used to analyze diverse factors affecting the sustainability of such...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Voluntary pooling; Game theory; Efficiency gains; Durum and HRS wheat marketing; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23661

2010 Outlook of the U.S. and World Wheat Industries, 2009-2019
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2009-2019 time period using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change. Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to remain relatively healthy for the next ten years. World demand for both common and durum wheat are expected to remain strong. The price levels in 2007, 2008 and 2009 might not be maintained in 2010 and the future because increased wheat and corn production in 2008 and 2009 and reduced demand for corn for ethanol production which pressures all commodity prices. World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Common wheat; Durum wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91843

Can A Capsule Pipeline System Compete With Truck, Rail, and Barge in Shipping Agricultural Products?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121756

ANALYSIS OF THE 2002 FARM BILL AND NEW FARM BILL ALTERNATIVES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
This report evaluates the 2002 farm bill and the effects of the individual programs within the bill on North Dakota net farm income.  A stochastic simulation model was developed, using @Risk by Palisade.  @Risk replaces the mean values for price and yield with a distribution of values for the eight major commodities grown in North Dakota.   The counter-cyclical (target price) program, marketing loan program, and federal crop insurance benefits were separated and analyzed to determine which components were the most important to North Dakota producers.      The U.S. Trade Representative offered to decrease the country's trade distorting subsidies by 60% if the European Union would lower its export subsidies 75%.  The study estimates the impact of that plan....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Risk; Farm bill; North Dakota; Forecast; Domestic subsidies; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23524

THE EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY ON WHEAT TRADE WORLDWIDE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sun,   Changyou; Kim,   Mina; Koo,   Won W.; Cho,   Guedae; Jin,   Hyun Joung.
A modified gravity-type model was employed to evaluate the effect of exchange rate volatility on wheat exports worldwide.  Special attention was given to the econometric properties of the gravity model within panel framework.  Short and long-term measures of exchange rate volatility were constructed and compared.  Both measures of exchange rate volatility have exhibited a negative effect on world wheat trade and the long-term effect was even larger.  This result implies that exchange rate volatility is an important factor in explaining the trade pattern of wheat trade worldwide.  Keywords: wheat, export, exchange rate, volatility, gravity model, and panel data.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Wheat; Export; Exchange rate; Volatility; Gravity model; And panel data.; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19766

POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF GM WHEAT ON UNITED STATES AND NORTHERN PLAINS WHEAT TRADE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; DeVuyst,   Eric A.; Koo,   Won W.
The potential introduction of genetically modified (GM) wheat has both supporters and opponents waging battle in the popular press and scholarly research.  Supporters highlight the benefits to producers, while the opponents highlight the unknown safety factors for consumers. The topic is very important to the United States, as a large portion of the wheat production is exported overseas.  Consumer groups in some countries are resisting GM wheat.   This study utilizes a spatial equilibrium model to evaluate the trade impacts associated with GM wheat introduction along with several assumed post-GM adoption scenarios.  Wheat is converted into protein equivalents to allow for substitution between wheat classes.   The importance of the U.S....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified wheat; Spatial equilibrium model; Trade flows; Protein equivalents; Externalities; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23546

Analyzing Effects of the U.S. Duties on Canadian Hard Red Spring Wheat. Technical Annex.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
This document is the technical annex to the full paper “Analyzing Effects of the U.S. Duties on Canadian Hard Red Spring Wheat” which is available separately.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Antidumping duties; Canadian exports; Countervailing duties; Farm revenue; Hard red spring; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54987

EFFECTS OF THE CANADIAN WHEAT BOARD ON THE U.S. WHEAT INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Jin,   Hyun Joung; Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Cho,   Guedae.
The practices of the Canadian Wheat Board (CWB) are an important issue in U.S. - Canada trade disputes and WTO negotiations.  This study analyzes the CWB?s effect on U.S. producers by reviewing findings from previous research and developing models to analyze CWB wheat exports to the United States and the competitive structure of Canadian wheat exports in the world market.  U.S. grain producers could benefit from the removal of the CWB as the United States could become more competitive in export markets.  However, elimination of the CWB could also result in an increase in Canadian wheat exports to the United States as Canadian producers near the border could sell directly to the United States to take advantage of market opportunities.  The net effect is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Canadian Wheat Board; State trading enterprises; Price discrimination; Wheat exports; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23530

THE EFFECTS OF THE BSE OUTBREAK IN THE UNITED STATES ON THE BEEF AND CATTLE INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jin,   Hyun Joung; Skripnitchenko,   Anatoliy; Koo,   Won W.
On December 23, 2003, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), widely known as 'mad cow disease,' was found in the state of Washington.  Major beef importing countries, including Japan, South Korea, and Mexico, banned imports of beef and beef products produced in the United States.  A single case of BSE occurred on May 20, 2003, in Canada, prompting the United States to close its border to Canadian beef products.  Prior to these BSE outbreaks in North America, the disease was detected in the United Kingdom and Japan.  U.S. consumer response to the BSE outbreak in Washington is unknown.  However, the previous cases which occurred in the United Kingdom and Japan indicate that the BSE outbreaks reduced domestic consumption of beef produced in the countries and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Production Economics.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23072

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE FARM BILL PROPOSALS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
Various farm organizations and political parties are taking sides on whether the FAIR Act needs to be scraped or just modified. This study analyzes three such proposals: the U.S. House of Representatives proposal (H.R. 2646), the American Farm Bureau proposal, and the National Farmers Union proposal. The continuation of the FAIR Act is also included as an another alternative. The H.R. 2646 and the American Farm Bureau proposals are modifications of the FAIR Act while the National Farmers Union proposal is a totally redesigned bill.  The H.R. 2646 and the Farm Bureau proposals are very similar in their results. They provide higher net farm income for the large size farm than the Farmers Union proposal does early in the forecast period, but the Farmers Union...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm Bill; Targeting; North Dakota Representative Farms; H.R. 2646; National Farmers Union; American Farm Bureau; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23496

SUBSTITUTION BETWEEN U.S. AND CANADIAN WHEAT BY CLASS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mulik,   Kranti; Koo,   Won W.
The importation of hard red winter and durum wheat from Canada has been a source of contention among U.S. wheat growers, due to the likeness between domestic and imported Canadian wheat.  It has also been investigated as a source of material injury to the U.S. market.  We examine the relative substitution between U.S. and Canadian wheat, by class, by treating wheat as an input in flour production.  We find that while U.S. hard red spring wheat and U.S. hard red winter wheat are economic substitutes, there is limited price substitution between U.S. and Canadian durum and U.S. and Canadian hard red spring wheat.  Quality differences from the millers' perspective may be the reason driving the import demand for hard red spring and durum wheat from Canada.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23615

PRODUCTIVITY SPILLOVERS FROM INWARD FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE U.S. FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sun,   Changyou; Jin,   Hyun Joung; Koo,   Won W.
Productivity spillovers in the U.S. food processing industry resulting from inward foreign direct investment (FDI) were examined for the time period of 1988 to 1992.  Both Caves-type (unidirectional) and simultaneous (bidirectional) spillover models were considered in the analysis.  Using the Caves-type spillovers model, foreign investment was found to have significantly negative spillovers.  The technology gap between U.S. firms and foreign firms in the food processing industry was small, and it was positively related to the productivity growth.  The simultaneous equation model revealed that spillovers were bi-directional in the U.S. food processing industry.  The demonstration effect from foreign presence was negative, but the competition effect had even...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23596

Effects of Government Programs on Corn, Soybeans, and Wheat Production in the U.S.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Lehman,   James R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Production Economics.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23141

THE EFFECT OF LOST EXPORTS ON U.S. BEEF PRICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Jin,   Hyun Joung; Koo,   Won W.
Since the discovery of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in the United States in December 2003, U.S. beef exports have declined approximately 85 percent.  A number of countries, including Japan and Korea (the top export markets for U.S. beef), have banned imports of beef from the United States, while U.S. exports to other important markets, such as Mexico and Canada, have been well below previous levels.  Domestic demand in the United States was not significantly affected by the BSE discovery, but the effect of decreased beef exports on U.S. price is significant.  This study examines the effect of exports and other supply and demand factors on U.S. meat prices, and estimates the effect of the drop in exports on U.S. beef and cattle prices.  Results...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy; Beef; Pork; Chicken; Exports; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23571

Japanese Import Demands for Meat
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yang,   Seung-Ryong; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23226

U.S. AGRICULTURAL TRADE WITH WESTERN HEMISPHERE COUNTRIES AND THE EFFECT OF THE FREE TRADE AREA OF THE AMERICAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
Negotiations to create the largest single market in the world, the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA), are in progress.  Such an agreement could have significant effects on U.S. agriculture; it could create an opportunity to increase U.S. exports of agricultural commodities and products, and could also lead to an increase in imports.  The objective of this study is to analyze U.S. agricultural trade with Western Hemisphere countries and to determine the effects of hemisphere-wide trade liberalization.  The Western Hemisphere contains important sources for U.S. agricultural imports and important markets for U.S. agricultural exports, though the hemisphere has been more important as a source for imports than as a market for exports.    Results suggest...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Free Trade Area of the Americas; Trade liberalization; Western Hemisphere; Agricultural trade.; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23525

Unilateral and Multilateral Trade Liberalization on Sugar and Implications on the US and World Sugar Industries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: World Sugar Industries; US Sugar Industries; Unilateral Trade; Multilateral Trade; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45787

2005 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS, 2005-2014
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Swenson,   Andrew L.; Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
Net farm income for all representative farms in 2014 is projected to be lower than in 2004.  Low-profit farms, which comprise 25% of the farms in the study, may not have financial resiliency to survive without off-farm income.  Costs are projected to increase faster than yields, which will pressure net farm income downward.  Cropland prices and cash rental rates are projected to increase slightly in all regions.  Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms will decrease slightly throughout the forecast period.  Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit and small-size farms are higher than those for large and high-profit farms.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Debt-to-asset ratios; Cropland prices; Land rental rates; Farm operating expenses; Capitalization rate; Farm Management.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23527

Impact on the SURE Program on North Dakota Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
Agricultural producer groups have stressed for years the need for a disaster title in the farm bill. In the 2008 Farm Bill, the Supplemental Revenue Assistance Program (SURE) was included to address that need. Previously, producers had to convince Washington to fund ad hoc and emergency disaster declarations in times of low crop returns. This study reviews the SURE program and estimates the effectiveness of the program for North Dakota farmers. The SURE program replaces disaster funding; however it also probably prevents additional assistance under extra ordinary conditions.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: SURE; Supplemental Revenue Assistance Program; 2008 Farm Bill; Net farm income; North Dakota Representative Farm Model; Disaster funding; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46892

1998 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS 1997-2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Duncan,   Marvin R.
Net farm income for all representative farms except small size and low profit farms in 2007 will be higher than in 1998.  Net farm income for small and low profit farms will remain the same and decrease, respectively, for the forecasting period.  Cropland prices are projected to fall in all regions of North Dakota after having peaked in 1997.  Cash rental rates are projected to follow cropland prices. Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms fall across the forecast period. Debt-to-asset ratios for the low profit and small size farms are higher than those for large and high profit farms.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Debt-to-asset ratios; Cropland prices; Land rental rates; Farm operating expenses; Capitalization rate; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23265

IMPACTS OF THE U.S.-CENTRAL AMERICA FREE TRADE AGREEMENT ON THE U.S. SUGAR INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Mattson,   Jeremy W.
- The U.S.- Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) is a free trade agreement with five Central American Countries: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.  - Because of differences in resource endowments, size, and income between the United States and the Central American countries, trade between the two regions has generally been complementary, inter-industry trade.  The United States exports wheat, corn, soybeans, and rice, and imports coffee, bananas, and fruits and vegetables.  CAFTA will enhance the U.S. trade volume with Central America through trade creation and diversion effects.  - One of the largest exports by the Central American countries is sugar.  The region exports about 1.5 million tons of sugar annually, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23069

The Effects of Unilateral Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions on the U.S. Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tokovenko,   Oleksiy; Koo,   Won W.
This study analyses potential adverse effects of unilateral increase in GHG emission standards. The single good two regions partial equilibrium model of international trade is used to derive and interpret the conditions under which such an increase will lead to a reduction in a total level of GHG emission. We found that improvement in the global GHG emission level will be observed if the response of the home country abatement level is more elastic than that of the foreign country by the factor of the ratio of initial foreign to domestic marginal emission intensities. It is also shown that in the large industry case, the appropriate factor is adjusted by the measure of the relative market influence of two industries. The study concludes that a unilateral...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Emission Regulation; Carbon Leakage; International Trade; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103847

U.S.-CANADA BORDER DISPUTES IN GRAINS: DYNAMIC INTERFACE BETWEEN THE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT AND TRADE REMEDY LAWS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Uhm,   Ihn H.
Agricultural trade between the United States and Canada has been contentious since the inception of the CUSTA agreement in 1989. Even though Canadian exports of wheat and barley are not found to have violated U.S. trade remedy laws, friction seems likely to continue as long as the surge in Canadian exports remains unabated.  Gradual harmonization of trade policies, farm subsidy programs, and marketing institutions may reduce trade disputes between the two countries in the future. To diffuse the threat of future trade disputes, a Canada - U.S. joint research team should be formed to deal with the matter through better understanding for causes of the disputes.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bilateral trade; Free trade agreement; Trade disputes; Trade remedy laws; Farm income; Farm price; Harmonization; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23267

2006 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD SUGAR MARKETS, 2005-2015
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 2005-2015 using the Global Sugar Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes. Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to improve over the next 10 years, mainly because higher world oil prices have increased the conversion of sugar into ethanol by Brazil. Brazil is the largest exporter of sugar, and it is expected that Brazilian sugar exports may be reduced due to high oil prices.  World demand for sugar is expected to grow faster than world supply, resulting in Caribbean sugar prices increasing from 11.35 cents/lb in 2005 to 18.05 cents/lb in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23604

DYNAMICS IN THE MACROECONOMY AND THE U.S. AGRICULTURAL TRADE BALANCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Koo,   Won W.
The effects of the exchange rate and the income and money supply of the United States and its major trading partners on the U.S. agricultural trade balance are examined using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Results suggest that the exchange rate is the key determinant of the short- and long-run behavior of the trade balance. It is also found that the income and money supply in both the United States and the trading partners have significant impacts on the U.S. agricultural trade in both the short- and long-run.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade balance; Autoregressive distributed lag model; Exchange rate; Income; Macroeconomy; Money supply; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23619

Expected Changes in China's Grain and Oilseed Industries and Implications for the U.S. and World Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
A spatial optimization model was developed to analyze the impacts of structural changes in China’s consumption of wheat, corn, rice, and soybeans on its agricultural sector and world agricultural trade. The model included 16 exporting and importing countries and regions. China was divided into 31 provinces and the United States into 24 producing regions and 10 consuming regions. The model optimizes agricultural production and distribution systems to meet the predicted demand for grains and oilseeds in 2020 under several assumptions associated with technical progress in producing the grains and oilseeds in China, the United States, and other countries.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Spatial optimization; China; Demand; Supply; Trade; Agricultural commodities; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51991

Grain Shipments on the Mississippi River System: A Long-Term Projection
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; Dahl,   Bruce L.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
The costs of delays for shipping commodities on the Mississippi River are important and adversely impact growth in shipments.  Lock and dam expansion requires substantial capital investment and an extended time period to complete.  This study analyzes delay costs and the competitive position of grain shipments on the Mississippi River system.  A spatial optimization model of the world grain trade was developed.  Results indicated that without expansion in barge capacity, delay costs in 2020 would increase on each reach, with some up to $1.08/mt.  Expansion results in reduced delay costs.  Barge demand is also impacted by rail capacity.  Finally, expanding the locks would result in a re-allocation of shipments among modes, reaches, and ports,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9080

2000 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD WHEAT INDUSTRIES, 1999-2001
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 1999-2009 period by using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change.  Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to be improving for the next ten years.  World demands for both common and durum wheat are expected to grow faster than world production of the two wheat classes, resulting in gradual increases in prices of the wheats, which are predicted to increase 36% for durum wheat and 23% for common wheat for the 1999-2009 period.  However, the prices are expected to recover slowly for the next 2-3 years.  World trade volumes of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Common Wheat; Durum Wheat; Production; Exports; Marketing; Production Economics; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23372

THIRD COUNTRY EFFECTS ON U.S. WHEAT EXPORT PERFORMANCE IN ASIAN COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jin,   Hyun Joung; Cho,   Guedae; Koo,   Won W.
This study examines third country effects on U.S. wheat export performance in Asian countries.  An import demand model is developed to analyze the impacts of price competitiveness, exchange rates, and exchange rate volatilities on U.S. wheat market shares.  The United States competes with Australia and Canada in the Asian wheat market.  Empirical results show that two factors, Australian wheat price and U.S. dollar values against the Asian countries' currencies, have significant effects on U.S. market shares in this region.  Furthermore, exchange rate risks between the exporting and importing countries are found to be important.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International grain trade; Market share; Exchange rate; Panel analysis.; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23529

Impacts of Regulating Greenhouse Gas Emissions on Livestock Trade Flows
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   Hyun Seok; Koo,   Won W.
The policies that regulate greenhouse gas emissions would provide a significant burden to emission industries as well as final consumers, which can lead to a strong influence on international trade flows of commodities. This study examines the impact of regulating greenhouse gas emissions on livestock trade flows using a commodity specific gravity model approach. This study finds that regulating greenhouse gas emissions has a negative effect on livestock trade flows from countries restricting greenhouse gas emissions to unrestricting countries, from restricting to restricting countries, and from unrestricting to restricting countries.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Gravity model; Livestock; Regulating greenhouse gas emission; Trade; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61861

The Projected Impact of the Freedom to Farm Act and 30 Percent Normal Flex Acres Alternatives on North Dakota Representative Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Aakre,   Dwight G.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121053

2004 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD SUGAR MARKETS, 2003-2013
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 2003-2013 using the Global Sugar Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes.  Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to improve over the next 10 years after the current over-supply is reduced.  World demand for sugar is expected to grow faster than world supply, resulting in Caribbean sugar prices gradually increasing from 7.57 cents/lb in 2003 to 8.75 cents/lb in 2013.  The U.S. wholesale price of sugar is projected to increase from 25.35 cents/lb in 2003 to 27.0 cents/lb in 2013, if the United States maintains its sugar programs.  The CAFTA...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23479

Exchange Rate Dynamics and the Bilateral Trade Balance: The Case of U.S. Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Koo,   Won W.; Mulik,   Kranti.
This study examines the dynamic effects of changes in exchange rates on bilateral trade of agricultural products between the United States and its 15 major trading partners. Special attention is paid to investigate whether or not the J-curve hypothesis holds for U.S. agricultural trade. For this purpose, an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration is applied to quarterly time-series data from 1989 and 2007. Results show that the exchange rate plays a crucial role in determining the short- and long-run behavior of U.S. agricultural trade. However, we find little evidence of the J-curve phenomenon for U.S. agricultural products with the United States’ major trading partners.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Autoregressive distributed lag approach to cointegration; Bilateral trade; J-curve effect; International Relations/Trade; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55546

2000 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS 2000-2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Swenson,   Andrew L.; Duncan,   Marvin R.
Net farm income for most representative farms in 2009 will be lower than in 1999.  Low profit farms, which consist of 25% of the farms in the study, may have  negative net farm income throughout the forecasting period, and may not have financial resiliency to survive.  This is true under both optimistic and pessimistic scenarios.  All farms, except low profit farms, may perform well under the optimistic scenario, while only high profit and large size farms may be able to survive under the pessimistic scenario. Cropland prices and cash rental rates are projected to increase slightly except in the Red River Valley where they are projected to fall.  Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms will remain unchanged throughout the forecast period.  Debt-to-asset ratios...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Net Farm Income; Debt-to-asset Ratios; Cropland Prices; Land Rental Rates; Farm Operating Expenses; Capitalization Rate; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23382

Spatial Equilibrium Analysis of the World Wheat Market Under Alternative Trade Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Golz,   Joel T.; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23271

PROCESSED FOOD TRADE AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT UNDER NAFTA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Mattson,   Jeremy W.
Trade in processed food products is rapidly growing.  Trade with Canada and Mexico has especially been growing since free trade agreements have been implemented.  The U.S. presence in the processed food industry in other countries through foreign direct investment (FDI) is also large and has been expanding.  The relationship between trade and FDI is uncertain and subject to much debate.  Japan and Canada are the largest importers of processed foods from the United States, followed by Mexico and Korea.  Canada is the leading exporter of food products to the United States, followed by France, Mexico, and Italy.  Canada and Mexico have, in recent years, become increasingly important trading partners in processed foods.  Results from this study do not...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trade; Processed foods; Foreign direct investment; Canada; Mexico; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23566

United States and Canadian Free Trade Agreement: Economic Implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Golz,   Joel T.; Uhm,   Ihn H.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23210

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FARM BILL AND SENATE AGRICULTURE COMMITTEE FARM BILL PROPOSAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
This study analyzes two farm bill proposals that would replace the Federal Agricultural Improvement and Reform Act: the U.S. House of Representatives Bill H.R. 2646 and the Senate Agriculture Committee proposal.  Both proposals try to incorporate the additional emergency federal funding that agriculture received in 1998 through 2001 into legislative language.   Both proposals provide substantially higher net farm income than the continuation of the FAIR Act.  Net farm income under the House bill is higher than under the Senate proposal given FAPRI's commodity price estimates.  Regions of the state which produce row crops, corn, and oilseeds, would have higher net farm income under the Senate proposal.  If commodity prices increase faster than FAPRI...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm Bill; North Dakota Representative Farms; H.R. 2646; Senate Agriculture Committee Proposal; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23585

How Sensitive is U.S. Agricultural Trade to the Bilateral Exchange Rate?: Evidence from Bulk and Consumer-oriented Products
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Koo,   Won W.
This paper examines the dynamic effects of changes in the bilateral exchange rate on changes in the bilateral trade of bulk and consumer-oriented agricultural products between the U.S. and its 10 major trading partners. We find that, for consumer-oriented products, U.S. exports are highly sensitive to the bilateral exchange rate and foreign income in both the short- and long-run, while U.S. imports are mostly responsive to the U.S. domestic income. For bulk products, on the other hand, U.S. exports and imports are driven largely by the income of the U.S. and its trading partners and less by exchange rate changes in both the short- and long-run.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural exports; Agricultural imports; Autoregressive distributed lag approach to cointegration; Bulk; Consumer-oriented; Exchange rate; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60929

THE U.S. SUGAR INDUSTRY UNDER EU AND DOHA TRADE LIBERALIZATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andino,   Jose; Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
This study evaluates potential reforms of the EU and some liberalization policies under the Doha agenda proposal.  Results indicate that EU sugar policy reforms will increase the Caribbean sugar price from 8.7 to 9.96 cents, but will not affect the U.S. sugar industry.  If the world sugar industry is liberalized on the basis of the WTO-Doha framework proposal, U.S. sugar imports will increase to 1.9 million tons and wholesale price will decrease from 24.89 to 23.79 cents per pound.  Under this scenario, it is also expected that the Caribbean price will increase from 8.7 to 12.1 cents per pound.  Brazil will benefit the most as production and export sales increase.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Liberalization; Production; Price; EU reform; Doha; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23567

Dynamic Interrelationships between the U.S. Agricultural Trade Balance and the Macroeconomy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Koo,   Won W.
The effects of the exchange rate and the income and money supply of the United States and its major trading partners on the U.S. agricultural trade balance are examined using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Results suggest that the exchange rate is the key determinant of the short-and long-run behavior of the trade balance. It is also found that the income and money supply in both the United States and the trading partners have significant impacts on U.S. agricultural trade in both the short and long run.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade balance; Autoregressive distributed lag model; Exchange rate; Income; Macroeconomy; Money supply; International Relations/Trade; C32; F14; Q17.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6301

AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PRODUCING CARROTS IN THE RED RIVER VALLEY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. carrot market using a quadratic programming algorithm. North Dakota ships carrots locally and to Minnesota under both the base and 1,000 acre scenarios.  North Dakota starts to ship carrots to Illinois as it produces more under other alternative scenarios.  This clearly indicates that North Dakota has a comparative advantage in producing carrots over other neighboring states.  North Dakota could produce about 8,000 acres of carrots and market them to North Dakota, Minnesota, and Illinois.  Additional production of carrots in North Dakota may not affect the national average price of carrots, but local prices may be affected due to regional competition.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carrots; Quadratic programming; North Dakota; Marketing; Production Economics.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23123

2008 Outlook of the U.S. and World Wheat Industries, 2007-2017
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2007-2017 period using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change.   Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to remain strong for the next ten years.  World demand for both common and durum wheat are expected to remain strong. The price levels in 2007, due to high corn demand in the ethanol industry, should be maintained since increases in production are limited due to land constraints in most countries.  World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade volume of durum wheat may grow faster than that...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Common wheat; Durum wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36757

China’s Trade Surplus with the United States: The Role of Exchange Rates
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Zhuang,   Renan.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92878

2007 Outlook of the U.S. and World Wheat Industries, 2006-2016
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2006-2016 period using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change.   Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to improve for the next nine years.  World demand for both common and durum wheat are expected to remain strong, however, the current higher price levels in 2006 due to weather conditions will not be maintained as production is expected to return to normal levels in 2007.  World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade volume of durum wheat may grow faster than that of common wheat.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Common wheat; Durum wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8507

ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF CAP-AND-TRADE CLIMATE POLICY ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS IN THE NORTHERN PLAINS: A POLICY SIMULATION WITH FARMER PREFERENCES AND ADAPTATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Koo,   Won W.
The purpose of this study is to examine the possible local impacts of cap-and-trade climate policy on agricultural producers in the Northern Plains. This study explicitly considers farmer behavior with respect to agricultural opportunity in carbon offset provision and ability of adaptation to mitigate the production cost impact under a cap-and-trade climate policy. Based on empirically estimated farmer behavior models, a policy simulation with agricultural census data identifies farmer acreage enrollment in carbon offset provision, carbon offset supplies and revenues, the production cost impacts of carbon prices, and impacts on net farm income and their distributions among heterogeneous farmers. Our analysis find that: 1) farmer ex ante preferences in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gas; Cap-and-trade; Climate change; Agricultural impact; Economics; Carbon offsets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91278

Economic Growth under Globalization: Evidence from Panel Data Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhuang,   Renan; Koo,   Won W.
It has been controversial among economists about the impacts of globalization on growth, and the debate over the issue has intensified in recent years. In this study, we employ reliable panel data and an empirical growth model derived from production theory to investigate the effects of globalization on economic growth. The estimation results strongly suggest that economic globalization has a significant positive effect on economic growth for all countries. However, China and India would gain the most, followed by developed countries, and other developing countries would gain the least. Other important determinants of economic growth include capital, human capital, and technology.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Globalization; Economic growth; Measure of Economic Globalization; International Development; F15; F43.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9750

2002 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD WHEAT INDUSTRIES, 2001-2011
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2002-2012 period by using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change.  Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to improve for the next ten years.  World demands for both common and durum wheat are expected to grow faster than world production of the two wheat classes, resulting in gradual increases in prices of the wheat varieties, which are predicted to increase 15.3% for durum wheat and 17.3% for common wheat for the 2002-2012 period.  World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade volume of durum...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Common wheat; Durum wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23514

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FARM BILL, THE SENATE AGRICULTURE COMMITTEE FARM BILL PROPOSAL, AND THE AGRICULTURAL CONSERVATION RURAL ENHANCEMENT ACT OF 2001
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
This study analyzes three farm bill proposals that could replace the Federal Agricultural Improvement and Reform Act: The U.S. House of Representatives Bill H.R. 2646, the Senate Agriculture Committee Proposal, and the Agricultural Conservation Rural Enhancement (ACRE) Act.  All proposals try to incorporate the additional emergency federal funding that agriculture received in 1998 through 2001 into legislative language.    All proposals provide substantially higher net farm income than the continuation of the FAIR Act.  The ACRE Act provides higher net farm income than either the House Bill or the Senate Proposal, however net farm income under the House Bill is higher than under the Senate Proposal given the Food and Agricultural Policy Research...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm Bill; North Dakota Representative Farms; H.R. 2646; Senate Agriculture Committee Proposal; ACRE Act; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23584

An Econometric Analysis of U.S. Wheat Acreage Response: The Impact of Changing Government Programs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.
This study is an attempt to evaluate effectiveness of farm commodity programs and farmers' response to market prices.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Marketing; Production Economics.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23447

The Impact of Brazil and Argentina's Currency Devaluation on U.S. Soybean Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andino,   Jose; Mulik,   Kranti; Koo,   Won W.
We analyzed the effects of Brazil and Argentina's currency devaluation on the U.S. soybean import demand in major importing countries. Results indicate that nominal exchange rates between the United States and importers affect the U.S. soybean export market.  Additionally, we found evidence that currency depreciations have favored soybean exports from Argentina and Brazil at the cost of reduced exports from the United States.  Increased world soybean demand has promoted export sales from major producers, affecting export prices.  Adoption of GM soybeans in the United States has been a determinant in decreased U.S. soybean import demand.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21450

2003 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD WHEAT INDUSTRIES, 2002-2012
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2002-2012 period using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change.   Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to improve for the next ten years.  World demands for both common and durum wheat are expected to grow faster than world production resulting in gradual increases in prices of the wheat varieties.  However, the higher price levels experienced in 2002 due to weather conditions will not be maintained in the short term.  World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade volume of durum wheat may...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Common wheat; Durum wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23598

LONGER-TERM FORECASTING OF GRAIN FLOWS AND DELAY COSTS ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; DeVuyst,   Eric A.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Dahl,   Bruce L.; Koo,   Won W.
The purpose of this study was to forecast grain and oilseed shipments through the Mississippi River system and to analyze impacts of delay costs.  The focus is on the world grain trade and expected changes in response to a multitude of evolving competitive pressures and structural changes.  The model is a spatial optimization model of the world grain trade.  Important parameters are forecasted and used to evaluate changes in flows through specific logistical channels.  Projected import demands are based on consumption functions estimated using income and population and accounting for intercountry differences in consumption dependent on economic development.  Each of the competing supply regions and countries were represented by yields, area potential that...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9237

SHORTFALLS IN 1997 NET FARM INCOME IN NORTH DAKOTA (Prepared for Senators Byron Dorgan and Kent Conrad)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Swenson,   Andrew L.; Johnson,   D. Demcey; Flaskerud,   George K.
North Dakota net farm income declined in 1997 due to adverse weather conditions and low prices.  The total income loss in 1997 was estimated to be $394 million, which was divided into $290 million due to weather and diseases, and $104 million due to lower-than-average prices.   Net farm income losses were largest in Region 3 (Northeast), followed by Regions 1 (Northwest) and 6 (East Central).  HRS wheat accounted for the largest income loss, followed by durum and barley.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Crop losses; Weather conditions; North Dakota input output model; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23140

Price Dynamics in the North American Wheat Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Koo,   Won W.
Perron's test, Johansen cointegration analysis, and a vector error-correction (VEC) model are used to identify structural change, as well as to examine price dynamics in the U.S. and Canadian hard red spring (HRS) and durum wheat markets. It is found that, due to the U.S. Export Enhancement Program (EEP), price instability experienced in June 1986 has resulted in structural changes for Canadian HRS and durum prices. We also find that Canadian prices have significant effects on the determination of the U.S. prices in the North American wheat market.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Canadian wheat exports; Durum wheat; Hard red spring wheat; Johansen cointe-gration test; Unit root test with a structural break; Vector error-correction; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10217

Identifying macroeconomic linkages to US agricultural trade balance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Koo,   Won W.
This study explores the short-run and long-run relationships between the U.S. agricultural trade balance and domestic macroeconomic aggregates and agricultural variables. We use cointegration analysis and a vector error-correction model with quarterly data for 1981-2003. The results show that, in the long-run, the exchange rate, agricultural price, and disposable income are weakly exogenous in the U.S. agricultural sector and have significant effects on the trade balance. The combined short-run dynamic effects of the exchange rate, agricultural price and production, and disposable income jointly explain changes in the trade balance.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21048

AN ANALYSIS OF 1999 GROSS RETURNS FOR SMALL GRAINS IN NORTH DAKOTA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
North Dakota gross returns from HRS wheat, durum wheat, and barley declined in 1999, relative to the expected gross returns, due to adverse weather conditions and low prices.  The total gross return reductions in 1999 was estimated to be $361 million, which was divided into $51 million from weather and disease and $329 million from lower-than-average prices. Gross return reductions were largest in Region 1 (Northwest), followed by Regions 3 (Northeast) and 6 (East Central).  HRS wheat accounted for the largest income loss, followed by durum and barley.  However, total net farm income increased in 1999 relative to 1998, because of government payments and crop insurance.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Crop losses; Weather conditions; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23249

THE IMPACT OF BRAZIL AND ARGENTINA'S CURRENCY DEVALUATION ON U.S. SOYBEAN TRADE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andino,   Jose; Mulik,   Kranti; Koo,   Won W.
We analyzed the effects of Brazil and Argentina’s currency devaluation on the U.S. soybean import demand in major importing countries.  Results indicate that nominal exchange rates between the United States and importers affect the U.S. soybean export market.  Additionally, we found evidence that currency depreciations have favored soybean exports from Argentina and Brazil at the cost of reduced exports from the United States.  Increased world soybean demand has promoted export sales from major producers, affecting export prices.  However, adoption of GM soybeans in the United States has been a determinant in decreased U.S. soybean exports.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Soybeans; Exchange rates; Third country effect; EC3SLS.; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23486

EMPIRICALLY ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF U.S. EXPORT CREDIT PROGRAMS ON U.S. AGRICULTURAL TRADE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rienstra-Munnicha,   Paul; Mulik,   Kranti; Koo,   Won W.
The use of officially supported export credit programs for agricultural products has been a widely debated issue at the World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations in recent years.  The European Union (EU) has agreed to reduce their direct export subsidies if the United States reduces its export credits.  Specifically, the main issue of contention is whether to limit the length of repayment of the U.S. export credit programs to a period not exceeding 180 days.  However, the impacts of such a reduction on the importing countries and the United States are not clear.  In light of this debate, we analyze the impact of a reduction in the repayment period to 180 days on importing countries and examine the subsequent effects on U.S. exports supported through...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Export credit programs; Agricultural trade; World Trade Organization; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23644

Grain Transportation Rates and Export Market Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; Koo,   Won W.; Smaaladen,   Terry.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Marketing.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23164

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE FARMERS UNION FARM BILL PROPOSAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
The lack of a safety net for farm income in the FAIR Act has become evident in recent years because of the necessity of federal legislation each year, 1998-2001, to support farm income. In recent years, U.S. agriculture has experienced a rapid loss of mid-size family farms.  The number of small-size farms has increased substantially and the number of large farms has increased slowly. The Farmers Union Farm Bill Proposal is a targeted plan which utilizes varying loan rates based on the USDA's full cost of production for program crops and a Farmer Owned Reserve (FOR). The proposed loan rates decrease as the value of the crop loans increase. The FOR is targeted towards a Limited Renewable Energy Reserve and a Humanitarian Assistance Reserve.    The objectives...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm Bill; Targeting; Government Agricultural Spending; North Dakota Representative Farms; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23504

Optimal Grain Distribution System and Subterminal Capacity in North Dakota
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Marshall,   Douglas D.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23422

EXCHANGE RATE PASS-THROUGH AND ITS RELATION TO MARKET POWER: REINTERPRETATION OF THE DEGREE OF EXCHANGE RATE  PASS-THROUGH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   MinKyoung; Cho,   Guedae; Koo,   Won W.
We propose a different perspective for interpretation of exchange rate pass-through: a relatively lower (higher) degree of pass-through implies a competitive (less competitive) market.  Using three different wheat exporting countries, the United States, Canada, and Australia, and two importing countries, Japan and Korea, we are not likely to reject our hypothesis.  In the competitive market (Japan), the exporting countries determine their prices based on changes in the competing country's price, and as a result, there is a close-to-zero degree of exchange rate pass-through.  However, a lower degree of price competition and a significantly higher degree of exchange rate pass-through are found in a less competitive market (Korea).
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21908

A Theoretical Analysis of Economic Impacts of Export Credit Insurance and Guarantees
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rienstra-Munnicha,   Paul; Turvey,   Calum G.; Koo,   Won W.
This paper developed an economic framework to analyze the economic impacts of an ECP on trade flows within the context of a partial equilibrium approach which assumes that non-payment risks are distinct between selling at home and abroad based on difficulties and expense in recovering non-payments are different in the two markets.  A two-country partial equilibrium trade model is developed to analyze the economic impact of the export credit insurance and/or guarantees on trade flows.  The results also show that to minimize or recover the efficiency loss, an export credit program can be employed to increase the exported quantity and reduce the excessively high equilibrium price as a result of non-payment risk.  The overall net welfare loss of the two...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21391

U.S. AGRICULTURAL TRADE WITH LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES AND EFFECTS OF THE FREE TRADE AREA OF THE AMERICAS ON SPECIFIC COMMODITIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
Trade with Latin American countries is an increasingly important issue, as negotiations progress for a Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA).  The objectives of this study are to analyze U.S. agricultural trade with Latin American countries, determine factors influencing agricultural trade with these countries, and estimate possible effects of trade liberalization under the FTAA on U.S. agricultural trade.  This study analyzes U.S. exports of wheat, corn, rice, soybeans, soybean meal, beef, pork, and poultry meat to 16 Latin American countries; U.S. imports of bananas, coffee, grapes, fruit and vegetable juice, sugar, pineapples, avocados, mangos, prepared or preserved meat, crustaceans, and fish fillets or meat from these countries are also analyzed....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Free Trade Area of the Americas; Agricultural trade; Trade creation; Trade diversion; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23568

2006 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS, 2006-2015
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
Net farm income for nearly all representative farms in 2015 is projected to be higher than in 2005.  Low-profit farms, which comprise 20% of the farms in the study, may not have financial resiliency to survive without off-farm income.  Commodity prices and yields are projected to increase slightly faster than costs, which will increase net farm income.  Cropland prices and cash rental rates are projected to increase slightly in all regions.  Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms will decrease slightly throughout the forecast period.  Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit farms are expected to increase throughout the forecast period.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Debt-to-asset ratios; Cropland prices; Land rental rates; Farm operating expenses; Capitalization rate; Risk; Farm Management.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23563

Spatial Equilibrium Analysis of the U.S. Hard Red Spring Wheat Industry under Alternative Transportation Rate Structures
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Joerger,   Paul J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23277

Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations on the U.S. Sugar Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the changes in U.S. sugar production and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from the sugar industry if the United States regulates GHG emissions from domestic sugar processing facilities.  A spatial equilibrium model is developed to optimize sugar production in the United States under a base scenario and three different levels of CO2e taxes or prices of carbon offsets.  This research focuses on U.S. sugar production, both beet and cane sugar. In the model the United States is divided into 6 beet growing regions and 4 cane growing regions. The model also includes Mexico as a domestic sugar growing region as Mexico has the ability to export unlimited amount of sugar into the United States under NAFTA. A rest of the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: GHG emissions; CO2e; Sugar; Spatial equilibrium model; Carbon tax; Cap and trade; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93027

WORLD SUGAR POLICY SIMULATION MODEL: DESCRIPTION AND COMPUTER PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benirschka,   Martin; Koo,   Won W.; Lou,   Jianqiang.
The World Sugar Policy Simulation Model is a dynamic, partial equilibrium, net trade model.   It distinguishes 18 countries and regions, and sugar is assumed to be a homogenous commodity.  The model  is designed for evaluating the effects on the world sugar economy of farm and trade policies by simulating production, consumption, stocks, and trade for sugar over a 10- to 15-year period.  Figures are not included in the machine readable file--contact the authors for paper copies.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Sugar Trade; Simulation Model Note; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23432

Monetary Impacts on Prices in the Short and Long Run: Further Results for the United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Choe,   Young Chan; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121373

THE EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY ON WHEAT TRADE WORLDWIDE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sun,   Changyou; Kim,   Mina; Koo,   Won W.; Cho,   Guedae; Jin,   Hyun Joung.
A modified gravity-type model was employed to evaluate the effect of exchange rate volatility on wheat exports worldwide.  Special attention was given to the econometric properties of the gravity model within a panel framework.  Short and long-term measures of exchange rate volatility were constructed and compared.  Both measures of exchange rate volatility exhibited negative effects on world wheat trade, with even greater effects in the long-term measure.  This result implies that exchange rate volatility is an important factor in explaining the trade pattern of wheat worldwide.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wheat; Export; Exchange rate; Volatility; Gravity model; And panel data.; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23579

THE CAUSES OF INTRA-INDUSTRY TRADE BETWEEN THE U.S. AND CANADA:TIME-SERIES APPROACH WITH A GRAVITY MODEL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   MinKyoung; Cho,   Guedae; Koo,   Won W.
This study proposes alternative reasons to explain an asymmetric intra-industry trade for agricultural products between Canada and the United States after the free trade agreement became effective. Using time-series data, a gravity model is developed which enables us to examine the significance of exchange rates and different trade patterns on bilateral trade.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21943

Analyzing Effects of the U.S. Duties on Canadian Hard Red Spring Wheat
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
Since the United States imposed antidumping and countervailing duties totaling 14.16 percent on imports of Canadian hard red spring (HRS) wheat, Canadian exports to the United States have nearly stopped. This study examines the impact of the decreased HRS wheat imports from Canada on U.S. wheat prices and producer income. To measure the impacts of the U.S. duties accurately, special attention is paid to issues related to substitutability between HRS and hard red winter (HRW) wheat and third-country effects. Results suggest that the substantial decline in Canadian HRS wheat exports to the United States has increased U.S. HRS and HRW wheat prices and thus farm income.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Antidumping duties; Canadian exports; Countervailing duties; Farm revenue; Hard red spring wheat; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54986

Short-Term Impact of Cap-and-Trade Climate Policy and Agricultural Adjustment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94314

An Econometric Analysis of Supply Response for Cattle and Hogs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Petry,   Timothy A.; Anderson,   Craig Scott.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Production Economics.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23389

2009 North Dakota Agricultural Outlook: Representative Farms, 2009-2018
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
Net farm income for all representative farms in 2018 is projected to be lower than in 2008. Low-profit farms, which comprise 20% of the farms in the study, may not have financial resiliency to survive without off-farm income. Commodity prices are expected to fall from current levels however the final level is unknown. Commodity yields are projected to increase at historical trend-line rates and production expenses are expected to return to normal growth rates after 2009. Debt-to-asset ratios for all farms except for the low profit farm will decrease slightly throughout the forecast period. Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit farms are expected to increase to about 0.50.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Debt-to-asset ratios; Cropland prices; Land rental rates; Farm operating expenses; Capitalization rate; Risk; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54246

1998 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD SUGAR MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 1997-2007 by using the World Sugar Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological changes. Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to be strong for the next ten years. World demand for sugar is expected to grow faster than world supply, gradually increasing sugar prices. World trade volumes of sugar are expected to expand.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Marketing; Production Economics; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23290

DEMAND FOR MEAT AND FISH PRODUCTS IN KOREA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jung,   Jione; Koo,   Won W.
The Korean livestock industry is currently facing the critical challenge of the market liberalization trend under the World Trade Organization. This study analyzes the consumption behavior of meat and fish products in Korea, by estimating the Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS). The empirical results indicate that beef imports in Korea would increase in the future under trade liberalization. If cheap and better quality imported beef are introduced to Korean consumers, Hanwoo (Korean domestic cattle) beef would not maintain its market share.  Key words: Meat, fish, trade liberalization, per capita consumption, demand, separability, and price elasticity.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Meat; Fish; Trade liberalization; Per capita consumption; Demand; Separability; And price elasticity.; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19895

2001 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD WHEAT INDUSTRIES, 2000-2010
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2000-2010 period by using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model.  This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change.  Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to be improving for the next ten years.  World demands for both common and durum wheat are expected to grow faster than world production of the two wheat classes, resulting in gradual increases in prices of the wheats, which are predicted to increase 5.3% for durum wheat and 1.1% for common wheat for the 2000-2010 period.  World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade volume of durum wheat...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Common Wheat; Durum Wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending Stocks; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23594

AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF DEMAND FOR MEAT AND FISH PRODUCTS IN KOREA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jung,   Jione; Koo,   Won W.
This study analyzes the structure of Korean meat and fish product demand.  The Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) is used to estimate Korean meat and fish demand. Since the expenditure term is endogenous, the three-stage least squares (3SLS) estimator is used to estimate the demand system. Empirical results indicate that beef imports would increase with increases in per capita income. If imported beef becomes less expensive as a result of the trade liberalization policy adopted by the Korean government, Hanwoo beef would not be competitive and could lose its market share. Pork and chicken would be able to maintain market shares, but most fish products would lose market shares.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demand; Almost ideal demand system; Meat; Fish; Endogeneity; Rotterdam model; Separabiilty; Estimator; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23122

2009 Outlook of the U.S. and World Sugar Markets, 2008-2018
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 2008-2018 using the Global Sugar Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes. Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to remain stable over the next ten years in spite of the 2007-08 surge in world oil prices. That increase in price caused an increase in the conversion of sugar into ethanol in Brazil, while other exporting countries increased their production in response to those higher prices. Sugar prices returned to normal levels in 2008. World demand for sugar is expected to grow at a similar rate to world supply, resulting in Carribean...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Sugar; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending stocks; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55117

PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS, AND EFFICIENCY CHANGE IN CHINESE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION FROM 1984 TO 1993
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mao,   Weining; Koo,   Won W.
This study applies a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach to analyze total factor productivity, technology, and efficiency changes in Chinese agricultural production from 1984 to 1993. Twenty- nine provinces in China were classified into advanced-technology and low-technology categories.  The Malmquist productivity measures were decomposed into two components: technical change index and efficiency change index.  The results showed that total factor productivity has risen in most provinces for both technology categories.  Technical progress has been the most important factor to Chinese agricultural productivity growth since 1984 and will remain crucial to productivity growth in low-technology provinces.  Low efficiency in many important agricultural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Chinese agriculture; Total Factor Productivity (TFP); Technology; Technical efficiency; Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA).; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23442

1999 NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK: REPRESENTATIVE FARMS 1999-2008
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Swenson,   Andrew L.; Duncan,   Marvin R.
Net farm income for most representative farms in 2008 will be higher than in 1999. However, low profit farms, which consist of 25% of the farms in the study, may have a negative net farm income throughout the forecasting period and may not have financial resiliency to survive.  This is true under both optimistic and pessimistic scenarios.  All farms except low profit farms may do well under the optimistic scenario, while only high profit farms may be able to survive under the pessimistic scenario.  Cropland prices are projected to remain constant.  Cash rental rates are projected to fall slightly.  Debt-to-asset ratios for most farms will remain unchanged throughout the forecast period.  Debt-to-asset ratios for the low profit and small size farms are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Net Farm Income; Debt-to-asset Ratios; Cropland Prices; Land Rental Rates; Farm Operating Expenses; Capitalization Rate; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23334

U.S. Grain Railroad Rate Structure and Deregulation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Bredvolt,   Sarahelen T.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Marketing; Public Economics.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23405

WELFARE IMPLICATIONS OF INTRODUCING BIOTECH TRAITS IN A MARKET WITH SEGMENTS AND SEGREGATION COSTS: THE CASE OF ROUNDUP READY® WHEAT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; DeVuyst,   Eric A.; Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Dahl,   Bruce L.
Roundup Ready® Wheat (RRW) was one of the first genetically modified (GM) traits for the wheat sector and was under review by regulatory agencies in the United States and Canada when Monsanto withdrew it from further consideration.  There are a multitude of issues associated with the ex ante evaluation of this decision.  These include market acceptance and segregation, as well as the varying sources of cost savings and productivity gains.  In this article, we develop a spatial partial equilibrium model of the higher-protein hard wheat market and assess the changes in the distribution of welfare associated with release and adoption of RRW.   It incorporates segments for GM aversion in each market and segregation costs for each segment.  Major conclusions...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified grains; Welfare analysis; Wheat; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23554

ECONOMICS OF DETECTION AND CONTROL OF INVASIVE SPECIES: WORKSHOP HIGHLIGHTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Mattson,   Jeremy W.
Invasive species are species that are not native to an ecosystem, and when introduced into the new ecosystem, they cause economic or environmental damage.  Trade is one way in which these species are introduced into new regions, and as trade increases, the introduction of invasive species also rises.  The Center for Agricultural Policy and Trade Studies, North Dakota State University, held a workshop on April 30, 2004 in Fargo, ND, titled ?Economics of Detection and Control of Invasive Species? to address these issues.  The purpose of this workshop was to present current findings on the subject of invasive species in agricultural trade and to structure the model for an in-depth research project examining this issue.  Speakers included experts from the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23068

The Growing U.S. Trade Deficit in Consumer-Oriented Agricultural Products
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhuang,   Renan; Koo,   Won W.; Mattson,   Jeremy W.
We investigate the factors behind the growing U.S. trade deficit in consumer-oriented agricultural products by using reliable panel data and an empirical trade model derived from international trade theory. The results indicate that per capita income in the United States appears to be the most important determinant for the growing U.S. trade deficit. An increase in per capita income and trade liberalization in foreign countries would improve U.S. trade balance. U.S. foreign direct investment abroad in food manufactures, a strong U.S. dollar and NAFTA are found to have negative effects on U.S. trade balance.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Consumer-oriented agricultural products; Trade balance; Trade deficit; Exchange rate; Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade; F14; Q17.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9839

Optimal Feed Grain Production and Import Policies in Korea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Kwon,   Yong W.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121750

Recent Development in Infrastructure and Its Impact on Agricultural and Non-agricultural Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Park,   Mi-Hee; Koo,   Won W.
The main objective of this paper is to estimate the relationship between telecommunication and the volume of trade. More specifically, we estimate the effect of improved telecommunication on bilateral trade of agricultural and non-agricultural goods among the OECD countries in each year from 1997 to 2001.The results indicate that per capita GDPs, geographical sizes, and telecommunication investments in both exporting and importing countries are significant and positively related to the value of bilateral trade between them. In agricultural trade, the investment in telecommunication in importing countries is more important than that of exporting countries. The geographical size of the exporting country is more important in agricultural trade than that of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19525

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DECLINING U.S. AGRICULTURAL TRADE SURPLUS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.
The U.S. agricultural trade surplus has fallen from $26.9 billion in 1996 to $7.3 billion in 2004, and it is shrinking even further in 2005.  The objective of this paper is to examine the characteristics of the decreasing agricultural trade surplus and determine the factors causing this decline.  U.S. imports from Canada and Mexico have more than doubled under NAFTA, and imports from non-NAFTA countries have also increased considerably.  Most increases in imports are consumer-ready and horticultural products.  U.S. exports to Canada and Mexico have also been increasing steadily, but exports to other important markets have been stagnant or declining.  Much of the declining trade surplus can be accounted for by trade with the European Union.  Results from an...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade balance; Free trade agreements; Consumer-oriented products; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23503

1999 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD WHEAT INDUSTRIES, 1998-2008
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 1998-2008 period by using the World Wheat Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, the weather, and technological change. Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to be optimistic for the next ten years.  World demands for both common and durum wheat are expected to grow faster than world production of the two wheat classes, resulting in gradual increases in prices of the wheats. World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade volume of durum wheat may grow faster than common wheat.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Common Wheat; Durum Wheat; Production; Exports; Consumption; Ending Stocks; Agricultural and Food Policy; Marketing; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23222

Analysis of Demand and Supply of Rice in Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Karmana,   Maman H.; Erlandson,   Gordon W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23419

Economic Development in the Agricultural and Industrial Sectors in the People's Republic of China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lin,   Jinding; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23197

ANALYSIS OF FARM FINANCING AND RISK MANAGEMENT FOR U.S. FARMERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.
Significant changes under the 1996 FAIR Act and trade agreements are occurring in the U.S. farm sector.  The changes will affect both the source and the magnitude of the business and financial risks that farmers will be required to manage. The objectives of this study were to investigate farmer plans regarding business expansion, timing of expansion, and expected financing of that business expansion and to analyze their financial services and risk management strategies. The study was based on data from a nationwide survey of subscribers to Top Operator farm magazine.  The data were categorized into six groups for analysis: demographics, intergenerational transfer, debt characteristics, lender relationships, business expansion, and farmer expectations of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm credit; Expansion plans; Debt-to-asset ratio; Farm demographics; Financial tools; Credit sources; Financial services; Non-traditional lending; Agricultural Finance; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23268

Growing U.S. Trade Deficit in Consumer-Oriented Agricultural Products
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhuang,   Renan; Koo,   Won W.; Mattson,   Jeremy W.
We investigate the factors behind the growing U.S. trade deficit in consumer-oriented agricultural products by using reliable panel data and an empirical trade model derived from international trade theory. The results indicate that per capita income in the United States appears to be the most important determinant for the growing U.S. trade deficit of consumer-oriented agricultural products. An increase in per capita income and trade liberalization in foreign countries would improve the U.S. trade balance. U.S. foreign direct investment abroad in food manufactures and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) are found to have negative effects on the U.S. trade balance.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Consumer-oriented products; Exchange rate; Trade balance; Trade deficit; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade; F14; Q17.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47270

Liberalizing International Sugar Trade: The Impact of U.S. Tariff Rate Quota  Changes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benirschka,   Martin; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35894

Economic Analysis of Domestic and Ocean Transportation for U.S. Grain Shipments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23152

THE IMPACT OF THE EXPORT ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM ON INTERNATIONAL FEED BARLEY MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schmitz,   Troy G.; Koo,   Won W.; Wahl,   Thomas I.
A "hybrid" spatial price equilibrium model is developed to evaluate differences in trade flows and equilibrium prices for feed and malting barley exports from the U.S., Canada, Australia, and European Union, caused by the U.S. Export Enhancement Program (EEP).  The analysis incorporates the relationships among several policy instruments.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21018

U.S. MEAT EXPORTS AND FOOD SAFETY INFORMATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jin,   Hyun Joung; Koo,   Won W.
New information about food safety can stimulate a sudden, significant concern by the public, resulting in a pronounced change in consumer demand.  One such example is the declining level of beef consumption in Europe and Japan, stemming from the outbreak of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), known as mad-cow disease.  This study evaluates the impacts of the BSE outbreak in Japan in September 2001 on the import demands for U.S. meat in Japan and South Korea, using a nonparametric revealed preference approach.  Empirical results show that there are excess violations in the Japanese data after the timing of the outbreak, but not in the South Korean data, implying that the event has influenced Japanese meat import demand, but not South Korean meat import...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy; Meat import demand; Revealed preference; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23623

Empirically Analyzing the Impacts of U.S. Export Credit Programs on U.S. Agricultural Export Competitiveness
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mulik,   Kranti; Rienstra-Munnicha,   Paul; Koo,   Won W.
This paper looked at the on the ongoing debate on the use of public export credit programs and their impact on US exports.  Our results indicate that cost saving is significant beneficial to the importing countries as a result of the export credit programs.  There is also an increase in US exports as a result of the US export credit programs.  However, there is a reduction in cost savings to the importing countries when the length of repayment of export credit is 180 days.  Thus, the more restrictive terms and conditions of officially supported export credits which the WTO is trying to discipline based on their implicitly subsidized components will have some adverse impact on the importing countries.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21224

How Would Cap-and-Trade Climate Policy Affect Agricultural Producers in North Dakota? An Economic Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Koo,   Won W.
The purpose of this study is to examine the possible impacts of cap-and-trade climate policy on agricultural producers in North Dakota.  In this study, we focused on carbon sequestration potential and production cost impacts of carbon prices, and explicitly considered farmer preferences and adaptation behavior to estimate the benefits and costs of greenhouse gas cap-and-trade.  Based on empirically estimated farmer behavior models, a policy simulation with agricultural census data identified farmer acreage allocation for carbon sequestration, carbon offset supplies and revenues, the production cost impacts of carbon prices, and impacts on net farm income and their distributions among heterogeneous farmers.  Our analysis found that: 1) farmer ex ante...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Cap-and-trade; Climate change; Agricultural impacts; Economics; Carbon sequestration; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98170

NON-TARIFF TRADE BARRIERS IN AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Koo,   Won W.; Taylor,   Richard D.
As trade agreements lower tariff rates throughout the world, other barriers to trade emerge.  These non-tariff barriers can be just as troublesome for exporting companies.  Non-tariff barriers include technical measures, customs rules and procedures, transport regulations or costs, lack of knowledge of regional markets, and import policies.  The objective of this study is to identify non-tariff barriers faced by U.S., and more specifically North Dakota, exporting businesses, especially those involved in agriculture, and to identify difficulties involved in exporting products.  A survey of North Dakota businesses is conducted to identify important trade barriers.  Phytosanitary regulations and railroad problems are two frustrating issues that create...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Non-tariff barriers; Trade; Survey; North Dakota exporters; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23501

Identifying the Impact of Weather Variation on Crop Yield in the Northern Plains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Weather; Production; Crop yield; Agriculture; Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104508

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSED NORTH DAKOTA WHEAT POOL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Nganje,   William E.; Johnson,   D. Demcey; Park,   Joon J.; Taylor,   Richard D.
The ND Durum Wheat Pool may provide additional revenue to durum wheat producers by raising the domestic prices in the North American market with full cooperation from the Canadian Wheat Board.  The pool also could provide additional revenue to its members by improving marketing efficiency.  On the other hand, the ND Spring Wheat Pool is less likely to provide additional revenue to spring wheat producers by raising domestic prices, mainly because hard red spring and winter wheat are highly substitutable.  Efficiency gains also could be smaller than for durum wheat.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Marketing pool; Market power; Efficiency gains; Durum wheat; Hard red spring wheat; Pool price; Organizational structure; Operating costs; Marketing.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23173

Macro Effects on Agricultural Prices in Different Time Horizons
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Cho,   Guedae; Kim,   MinKyoung.
Using monthly data covering 1974:1 to 2002:12, this paper explores the linkage between changes in macroeconomic variables (real exchange rate and inflation rate) and changes in relative agricultural prices in different time horizons (1, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months). By controlling factors that determine the long-run trend of relative agricultural prices, the results show that long-term changes in real exchange rates have had a significant negative correlation with the long-term changes in relative agricultural prices. Conversely, changes in the general price significantly affect short-term changes in the relative agricultural price.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Relative agricultural price; Exchange rates; Inflation rates; Unit root test; Canonical cointegration regression; Money neutrality; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19349

MEASURING THE MARKET POWER OF THE U.S. WHEAT EXPORTERS IN ASIAN COUNTRIES: AN ISSUE ABOUT ADJUSTMENT OF NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE WHEN USING AS A COST SHIFTER; THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE U.S. WHEAT EXPORTERS IN ASIAN COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cho,   Guedae; Jin,   Hyun Joung; Koo,   Won W.
The objective of this article is to measure the market power of U.S. grain exporters in the Asian countries.  This study revisits the issue of the market power with the Goldberg and Knetter (1999) model, addressing an issue about using nominal exchange rate as a cost shifter.  This study proposes an adjusted nominal exchange rate deflated by inflation rates of exporting countries and exchange rate risk as another possible risk shifter.  The results of the preliminary estimation show that using the adjusted exchange rate provides better results.  The results also show that U.S. wheat exporters have market power in Philippine, Korea, Malaysia, and Singapore, while no market power in Indonesia and Japan.  Australia plays a significant role in constraining the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19885

U.S. WHEAT STORAGE CONTROL UNDER JOINT CRITERIA OF MEAN BENEFITS AND PRICE VARIATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Burt,   Oscar R.
A method based on stochastic dynamic programming is developed to derive efficiency frontiers for the trade-off between the long-run average social benefits and price variation.  The method is used to quantify the importance of price variation per se as a criterion in U.S. wheat storage policy.  The results suggest that a single criterion of maximum expected social benefits, calculated by the traditional surplus measures, is satisfactory because price variation is incidentally reduced enough that further reductions can be attained only a considerable opportunity cost.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32413

2010 North Dakota Agricultural Outlook: Representative Farms, 2010-2019
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.; Swenson,   Andrew L.
Net farm income for most representative farms in 2019 is projected to be lower than in 2009.  Low-profit farms, which comprise 20% of the farms in the study, may not have financial resiliency to survive without off-farm income.  Commodity prices are expected to increase slowly from current levels. Commodity yields are projected to increase at historical trend-line rates and production expenses are expected to return to normal growth rates. Debt-to-asset ratios for all farms except for the low profit farm will decrease slightly throughout the forecast period.  Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit farms are expected to increase to about 0.70.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Net farm income; Debt-to-asset ratios; Cropland prices; Land rental rates; Farm operating expenses; Capitalization rate; Risk.; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92979

The Differences Between the Freedom to Farm Act and 30 Percent Normal Flex Acres Alternatives on North Dakota Representative Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Duncan,   Marvin R.; Taylor,   Richard D.; Aakre,   Dwight G.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121067

The Mexican Sweeteners Market and Sugar Exports to the United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andino,   Jose; Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
This study analyzes the effect of Mexico's sugar exports on the U.S. sugar industry, which could reach over 250,000 MTRV in 2006 and substantially increase in subsequent years by substituting sugar for HFCS in soft drink products.  Mexico's additional sugar exports would cause a substantial reduction of U.S. sugar price.  Because of low prices of sugar, production of beet and cane sugar in the United States is expected to fall.  Under these circumstances, social welfare in the United States may increase; however, welfare benefits may go to food processors rather than consumer.  By contrast, increases in sugar imports would substantially hurt sugar beet and cane producers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21213