Consulta: creatorFacets:"Le Guyader, Soizick"
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Rapport d’activités 2015. Laboratoire Santé Environnement et Microbiologie. Laboratoire National de Référence de Microbiologie des coquillages
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Garry, Pascal; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
La Microbiologie sanitaire, thème de recherche fédérant notre laboratoire, nous a permis d’obtenir des résultats intéressants qui sont présentés dans ce rapport et ont été valorisés par des publications ou la participation des membres de l’équipe à des congrès scientifiques. Cette thématique nous permet surtout des collaborations variées au travers des projets de recherche portés par l’équipe. L’élargissement de nos activités en intégrant la coordination REMI constitue un point important à souligner complétant nos actions de référence, d’expertise et de recherche. L’attrait et l’intérêt scientifique suscité par la microbiologie sanitaire a été démontré par le succès rencontré par le colloque organisé à Brest en lien avec la fin du projet européen...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00380/49138/49574.pdf

Three-year study to assess human enteric viruses in shellfish
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Haugarreau, Larissa; Miossec, Laurence; Dubois, Eric; Pommepuy, Monique.
The main pathogenic enteric viruses able to persist in the environment, such as hepatitis A virus (HAV), Norwalk-like virus (NLV), enterovirus (EV), rotavirus (RV), and astrovirus (AV), were detected by reverse transcription-PCR and hybridization in shellfish during a 3-year study. Oyster samples (n = 108), occasionally containing bacteria, were less frequently contaminated, showing positivity for AV (17%), NLV (23%), EV (19%), and RV (27%), whereas mussel samples, collected in areas routinely impacted by human sewage, were more highly contaminated: AV (50%), HAV (13%), NLV (35%), EV (45%), and RV (52%). Sequences obtained from HAV and NLV amplicons shelved a great variety of strains, especially for NLV (strains close to Mexico, Snow Mountain Agent, or...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Molecular technique; Seasonal variation; Human pathology; Viral contamination; Shellfish; Enteric virus.
Ano: 2000
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00507/61879/65953.pdf

Evidence of the presence of viral shellfish contamination in shellfish after short rainfall events
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Saux, Jean-claude; Serais, Ophelie; Krol, Joanna; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Salvagnac, P.; Delmas, G.; Cicchelero, V.; Claudet, J.; Pothier, P.; Balay, K.; Fiandrino, Annie; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Infectious diseases linked to the consumption of raw shellfish have long been identified. Over the past century, various strategies have been set up in shellfish growing areas throughout the world to guarantee the sanitary quality of shellfish and to protect consumers. However despite sanitary improvements, human enteric viruses - especially Hepatitis A virus and norovirus– have been found to be associated with shellfish outbreaks. A recent example demonstrated the impact of storm events. Following heavy rain and sewage overflow, shellfish beds were contaminated and the shellfish from them were marketed after depuration. However, since viruses persist longer than fecal contamination indicator bacteria, several clusters of gastroenteritis cases were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Virus; Shellfish; Contamination events.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17736/15257.pdf

Monitoring viral contamination of molluscan shellfish
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Infectious diseases linked to the consumption of raw shellfish like oysters, mussels, cockles and clams, have long been identified. Bacterial diseases such as cholera and typhoid fever were the first to be suspected of being linked to consumption of contaminated shellfish (Butt et al., 2004). During the past century, various strategies have been established in shellfish growing areas throughout the world to assure the sanitary quality of shellfish. More recently, despite sanitary surveys, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus and enteric viruses - especially Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and norovirus (NoV) – were found to be associated in outbreaks of human illness.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12607/9485.pdf

Impact of Xynthia Tempest on Viral Contamination of Shellfish
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grodzki, Marco; Ollivier, Joanna; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Piquet, Jean-come; Noyer, Mathilde; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Viral contamination in oyster and mussel samples was evaluated after a massive storm with hurricane wind named "Xynthia tempest" destroyed a number of sewage treatment plants in an area harboring many shellfish farms. Although up to 90% of samples were found to be contaminated 2 days after the disaster, detected viral concentrations were low. A 1-month follow-up showed a rapid decrease in the number of positive samples, even for norovirus.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00079/18992/17216.pdf

Use of rotavirus virus-like particles as surrogates to evaluate virus persistence in shellfish
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Loisy, Fabienne; Atmar, R; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Cohen, J; Caprais, Marie-paule; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Rotavirus virus-like particles (VLPs) and MS2 bacteriophages were bioaccumulated in bivalve mollusks to evaluate viral persistence in shellfish during depuration and relaying under natural conditions. Using this nonpathogenic surrogate virus, we were able to demonstrate that about 1 log(10) of VLPs was depurated after 1 week in warm seawater (22 degrees C). Phage MS2 was depurated more rapidly (about 2 log(10) in 1 week) than were VLPs, as determined using a single-compartment model and linear regression analysis. After being relayed in the estuary under the influence of the tides, VLPs were detected in oysters for up to 82 days following seeding with high levels of VLPs (concentration range between 10(10) and 10(9) particles per g of pancreatic tissue)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Seawater; Viral diseases; Bioaccumulation; Depuration; Contamination; Model; Pancreas; Regression analysis; Shellfish; Phages; Virus.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-1233.pdf

Metagenomic to evaluate norovirus genomic diversity in oysters: Impact on hexamer selection and targeted capture-based enrichment
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Strubbia, Sofia; Schaeffer, Julien; Besnard, Alban; Wacrenier, Candice; Le Mennec, Cecile; Garry, Pascal; Desdouits, Marion; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Human virus transmission through food consumption has been identified since many years and the international trade increases the risk of dissemination of viral pathogens. The development of metagenomic approach holds many promises for the surveillance of viruses in food and water. This work aimed to analyze norovirus diversity and to evaluate strain-dependent accumulation patterns in three oyster types by using a metagenomic approach. Different hexamer sets to prime cDNA were evaluated before capture-based approach to enhance virus reads recovery during deep sequencing. The study includes the use of technical replicates of artificially contaminated oysters and the analysis of multiple negatives controls. Results showed a clear impact of the hexamer set...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Norovirus; Oysters; Metagenomic; Human enteric viruses.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00614/72575/71535.pdf

Emergence of new norovirus variants on spring cruise ships and prediction of winter epidemics
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Verhoef, L; Depoortere, E; Boxman, I; Duizer, E; Van Duynhoven, Y; Harris, J; Johnsen, C; Kroneman, A; Le Guyader, Soizick; Lim, W; Maunula, L; Meldal, H; Ratcliff, R; Reuter, G; Schreier, E; Siebenga, J; Vainio, K; Varela, C; Vennema, H; Koopmans, M.
In June 2006, reported outbreaks of norovirus on cruise ships suddenly increased; 43 outbreaks occurred on 13 vessels. All outbreaks investigated manifested person-to-person transmission. Detection of a point source was impossible because of limited investigation of initial outbreaks and data sharing. The most probable explanation for these outbreaks is increased norovirus activity in the community, which coincided with the emergence of 2 new GGII.4 variant strains in Europe and the Pacific. As in 2002, a new GGII.4 variant detected in the spring and summer corresponded with high norovirus activity in the subsequent winter. Because outbreaks on cruise ships are likely to occur when new variants circulate,. an active reporting system could function as an...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-3942.pdf

Validity of Escherichia coli, enterovirus, and F-specific RNA bacteriophages as indicators of viral shellfish contamination
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Miossec, Laurence; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pelletier, Dominique; Haugarreau, Larissa; Caprais, Marie-paule; Pommepuy, Monique.
The sanitary classification of harvesting areas for bivalve mollusks in France is based on the level of Escherichia Coli contamination detected in shellfish meat, as defined in EC Directive 91/492 EEC. However, outbreaks of gastroenteritis or hepatitis after consumption of shellfish meeting current bacteriological standards suggest that E. coli is a poor indicator of viral contamination. The purpose of this study was to assess the adequacy of enterovirus and F-specific RNA bacteriophages as new indicators of human enteric viruses. Shellfish were sampled over a 37-mo period to characterize microbial contamination in two coastal areas subjected to different sewage contamination inputs. Contamination by E. coli, F-specific RNA bacteriophages (F+ RNA) and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Indicator; Escherichia coli; F specific RNA bacteriophages; Enteric viruses; Viral contamination; Shellfish.
Ano: 2001
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/10006/7794.pdf

Detection of multiple noroviruses associated with an international gastroenteritis outbreak linked to oyster consumption
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Bon, Fabienne; Demedici, Dario; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Bertone, Alessandra; Crudeli, Silvia; Doyle, Aoife; Zidane, Mohamed; Suffredini, Elisabetta; Kohli E, Evelyne; Maddalo, Francesco; Monini, Marina; Gallay, Anne; Pommepuy, Monique; Pothier, Pierre; Ruggeri, Franco M.
An international outbreak linked to oyster consumption involving a group of over 200 people in Italy and 127 total subjects in 13 smaller clusters in France was analyzed using epidemiological and clinical data and shellfish samples. Environmental information from the oyster-producing area, located in a lagoon in southern France, was collected to investigate the possible events leading to the contamination. Virologic analyses were conducted by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) using the same primer sets for both clinical and environmental samples. After sequencing, the data were analyzed through the database operated by the scientific network FoodBorne Viruses in Europe. The existence of an international collaboration between laboratories was critical to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Seafood; Contamination; Norovirus; Epidemiology; Virology; Oyster.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-2096.pdf

Sustained fecal-oral human-to-human transmission following a zoonotic event
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: De Graaf, Miranda; Beck, Relja; Caccio, Simone M.; Duim, Birgitta; Fraaij, Pieter L. A.; Le Guyader, Soizick; Lecuit, Marc; Le Pendu, Jacques; De Wit, Emmie; Schultsz, Constance.
Bacterial, viral and parasitic zoonotic pathogens that transmit via the fecal-oral route have a major impact on global health. However, the mechanisms underlying the emergence of such pathogens from the animal reservoir and their persistence in the human population are poorly understood. Here, we present a framework of human-to-human transmission of zoonotic pathogens that considers the factors relevant for fecal-oral human-to-human transmission route at the levels of host, pathogen, and environment. We discuss current data gaps and propose future research directions.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00358/46959/46873.pdf

Environmental detection of Genogroup I, II, and IV Noroviruses by using a generic Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR Assay
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Miura, Takayuki; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Grodzki, Marco; Okabe, Satoshi; Atmar, Robert L.; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Norovirus is the most common agent implicated in food-borne outbreaks and is frequently detected in environmental samples. These viruses are highly diverse, and three genogroups (genogroup I [GI], GII, and GIV) infect humans. Being noncultivable viruses, real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) is the only sensitive method available for their detection in food or environmental samples. Selection of consensus sequences for the design of sensitive assays has been challenging due to sequence diversity and has led to the development of specific real-time RT-PCR assays for each genogroup. Thus, sample screening can require several replicates for amplification of each genogroup (without considering positive and negative controls or standard curves). This...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00162/27313/25544.pdf

Evaluation of various real-time RT-PCR assays for the detection and quantitation of human norovirus
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Butot, Sophie; Le Guyader, Soizick; Krol, Joanna; Putallaz, Thierry; Amoroso, Richard; Sanchez, Gloria.
Human noroviruses (NoVs) are the most common viruses causing acute gastroenteritis in humans. Performance characteristics of two commercial quantitative NoV RT-PCR assays, the Norovirus real-time RT-PCR Kit (AnDiaTec) and the Type I and Type II kits (Generon), and the international assay as selected by the CEN/TC/WG6/TAG4 group were evaluated for the specific detection and quantitation of 59 NoV samples, including different subtypes of NoV genogroup I and II. The results showed that the method proposed by the CEN/TC/WG6/TAG4 group was 100% specific since it was able to detect all samples tested. The commercialized kits evaluated failed to detect a vast majority of NoV GI strains. Additionally the Generon kit did not succeed to detect strains from GII.3,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Norovirus; Real-time RT-PCR; Commercial kit.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00006/11760/8473.pdf

Les Toxi-Infections Alimentaires Collectives (TIAC) virales associées à la consommation d'huîtres en France, hiver 2000-2001
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Zidane, Mohamed; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique.
During the winter 2000/2001, several outbreaks associated with the consumption of shellfish were declared in France. Following these events, a close cooperation was organized between administrations and laboratories (DGAL, DPMA, InVS, AFSSA, Ifremer, CHU-Dijon and CNC) to gather competences and to manage the situation. This report synthesizes the information collected during these outbreaks.  From the outset, the epidemiologic investigations directed the research towards viral contamination and shellfish as contamination source. Several outbreaks were investigated. Oysters and stools samples from ill patients were analysed by RT-PCR for viruses (enterovirus, rotavirus, norovirus and astrovirus). The genic amplification was done by using the same primers in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Épidémie; Gastro-entérites; Huîtres; Contamination virale; RT-PCR; Norovirus; TIAC.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00068/17941/15476.pdf

Rapport d'activités 2020. Laboratoire Santé Environnement et Microbiologie, Laboratoire National de Référence de Microbiologie des coquillages
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Garry, Pascal; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Ce rapport présente une synthèse des actions, et travaux réalisés par le laboratoire Santé Environnement et Microbiologie pendant l’année 2020. Les divers projets de recherche sont résumés et les derniers développements ou résultats sont brièvement évoqués. Les actions en tant que Laboratoire National de Référence pour la Microbiologie des Coquillages et les activités pour la coordination du réseau REMI sont également présentées.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microbiologie sanitaire; Bactéries entériques; Vibrions; Virus entériques humains; Norovirus; SARS-CoV-2; Coquillages. Activité de référence; REMI.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00691/80332/83455.pdf

Modeling of Faecal Contamination in Water from Catchment to Shellfish Growing Area
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bougeard, Morgane; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Perenne, Nicolas; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique.
During rainstorms, watersheds can introduce large amounts of faecal pollution into the rivers and sea, leading to shellfish contamination. In this study, we assessed Escherichia coli fluxes from a catchment, and their impact on estuarine water quality, using two assembled models. For the catchment, the agro-hydrological model SWAT was implemented integrating land uses, soil, topography, rainfall and other climatic data on Daoulas watershed (France). Initially, the SWAT model was calibrated and validated for river flow rates, and results were found satisfactory. Subsequently, different faecal contamination sources were integrated into the model: point sources (WWTP discharges into rivers) and non-point sources (manure spreading on fields). During rainfall...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modeling; SWAT; MARS; E. coli; Shellfish; Catchment; Estuary.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17748/15270.pdf

Calicivirus Removal in a Membrane Bioreactor Wastewater Treatment Plant
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Sima, Laura C.; Schaeffer, Julien; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Elimelech, Menachem; Le Guyader, Soizick.
To evaluate membrane bioreactor wastewater treatment virus removal, a study was conducted in southwest France. Samples collected from plant influent, an aeration basin, membrane effluent, solid sludge, and effluent biweekly from October 2009 to June 2010 were analyzed for calicivirus (norovirus and sapovirus) by real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) using extraction controls to perform quantification. Adenovirus and Escherichia coli also were analyzed to compare removal efficiencies. In the influent, sapovirus was always present, while the norovirus concentration varied temporally, with the highest concentration being detected from February to May. All three human norovirus genogroups (GI, GII, and GIV) were detected in effluent, but GIV was never...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15378/12810.pdf

Development of a reverse transcription-PCR-DNA enzyme immunoassay for detection of "Norwalk-like" viruses and hepatitis A virus in stool and shellfish
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Schwab, Kellogg; Neill, Frederick; Le Guyader, Soizick; Estes, Mary; Atmar, Robert.
Outbreaks of food- and waterborne gastroenteritis are being increasingly reported throughout the world. The analysis of environmental samples by ne,ver diagnostic techniques such as reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) amplification of nucleic acid has begun to identify human enteric viruses (predominantly "Norwalklike" viruses [NLVs]) as the cause of many of these outbreaks. To streamline NLV detection from environmental samples such as shellfish, we have developed an RT-PCR-oligoprobe amplification and detection method using several new procedures that enable confirmed RT-PCR amplification and product detection in 1 day. The new steps include replacing reverse transcriptase and Tag polymerase with rTth polymerase, a heat-stable enzyme that functions as...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalvia; Immuoessay; DNA enzyme; Reverse transcription PCR; Detection  method; Enteric virus.
Ano: 2001
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-1267.pdf

Surveillance des risques biologiques liés à la consommation de coquillages en France
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Vaillant, Véronique; Jourdan-da Silva, Nathalie; Quilici, Marie-laure; Couturier, Elisabeth; Le Guyader, Soizick; Delmas, Gilles; Le Saux, Jean-claude.
Shellfish filter large volumes of water to meet their nutritional requirements and thus ingest phytoplankton, but also concentrate microorganisms naturally present in water (vibrios, phycotoxins) or of fecal origin (enteric viruses, enterobacteria, protozoan). The analysis of data from systems contributing to the surveillance of foodborne illnesses associated with shellfish consumption and from published outbreak investigations shows that, in France, foodborne illnesses associated with shellfish consumption are mainly of viral origin, mostly due to norovirus followed by hepatitis A virus. The risk linked to phycotoxins appears low and the one related to enterobacteria and vibrios very low. The mandatory notification (MN) of foodborne outbreaks remains the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Toxi-infections alimentaires; Coquillages; Phycotoxines; Risques biologiques; Surveillance épidémiologique; Déclaration obligatoire; France; Foodborne illnesses; Shellfish; Phycotoxins; Biological risks; Epidemiological surveillance; Mandatory notification; France.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00092/20362/18023.pdf

Norovirus contamination on French marketed oysters
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Schaeffer, Julien; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Lora, Monica; Atmar, Robert; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Contaminaded shellfish have been implicated in gastroenteritis outbreaks in different countries. As no regulation has been set up yet regarding viral contamination of food, very few data are available on the prevalence of contamined products on the market. This study presents data obtained from oysters collected on the French market in one producing area over a 16 month period of time. Noroviruses were detected in 9% of samples with a seasonal impact and influence of climatic events. Contamination levels were low and, surprisingly, oysters sampled directly from the producer were found to have less contamination than oystes from supermarkets.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster; Marker; Norovirus; Quantification; Calicivirus; Prevalence.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00152/26367/24457.pdf

Possible relation between a winter epidemic of acute gastroenteritis in France and viral contamination of shellfish
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Miossec, Laurence; Le Guyader, Soizick; Haugarreau, Larissa; Comps, Marie-annick; Pommepuy, Monique.
Several outbreaks of gastroenteritis related to the consumption of shellfish (frequently eaten raw) have been reported in different parts of the world. In Europe, hum an calicivirus infections may have been involved in winter outbreaks in recent years, although there is little evidence confirming such viral contamination in shellfish. This study presents the first results of a field survey on viral contamination in two shelllish harvesting areas along the French Mediterranean coast. The first, consisting mainly of oyster beds, was c1assified in category A, as determined by fecal coliform counts in shellfish (European Community Directive 91/492), and the second, a mussel bed, was c1assified in category C. Shelllish samples were collected monthly between...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Viral contamination; Enterovirus; Human calicivirus; Rotavirus; Astrovirus; Fecal coliforms; Gastroenteritis.
Ano: 1998
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00001/11257/7802.pdf

Complete Genome Sequence of   Campylobacter armoricus   CA639, Which Carries Two Plasmids, Compiled Using Oxford Nanopore and Illumina Sequencing Technologies
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boukerb, Amine Mohamed; Schaeffer, Julien; Serghine, Joelle; Carrier, Gregory; Le Guyader, Soizick; Gourmelon, Michele.
As determined by a hybrid approach combining Oxford Nanopore MinION and Illumina MiniSeq sequence data, Campylobacter armoricus strain CA639 harbored a circular chromosome of 1,688,169 bp with a G+C content of 28.47% and two plasmids named pCA639-1 and pCA639-2, with lengths of 51,123 and 28,139 bp, and G+C contents of 26.5% and 28.45%, respectively.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00600/71164/69495.pdf

Rapport d’activités 2016. Laboratoire Santé Environnement et Microbiologie, Laboratoire National de Référence de Microbiologie des coquillages
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Garry, Pascal; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Ce rapport présente une synthèse des actions, travaux menés par l’équipe, accompagnée par des stagiaires, doctorants, post doctorants qu’il est important de remercier pour leur contribution. Cette année 2016 a de nouveau été une année riche en résultats innovants qui permet à notre équipe d’être reconnue au niveau national et international. En effet la Microbiologie sanitaire, thème de recherche fédérant notre laboratoire, thématique à l’interface de la santé publique, de la qualité des eaux côtières et des coquillages, nous permet de développer nos activités sur le terrain ou sur une approche plus fondamentale. Les résultats obtenus nous permettent d’exercer notre activité de Laboratoire National de Référence, en apportant connaissance scientifique et...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00433/54493/55858.pdf

Microbiologie et coquillages : des enjeux et des développements futurs
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Garry, Pascal; Ollivier, Joanna; Piquet, Jean-come.
The shellfish safety has long been considered a public health problem. The implementation of a regulation based on a bacterial indicator of faecal contamination has significantly reduced outbreaks of bacterial origin. However, epidemics of viral gastroenteritis due to the presence of noroviruses from human sewage persist. We demonstrated few years ago that oysters are not just a passive filter but are able to select some viral strains, via the presence of specific ligands, very similar to ligands observed in humans for these same virus. Ongoing developments, in conjunction with the application of metagenomic tools, will allow us to better understand the fate of some human pathogens after their release into the coastal environment.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Microbiology; Oysters; Norovirus.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00599/71141/69457.pdf

A scientific review of binding and inactivation of viruses on and in food, with a focus on the role of the matrix
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Atmar, Robert.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17762/15276.pdf

Viruses in Shellfish INTRODUCTION
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bosch, Albert; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00011/12251/9061.pdf

VirOdyssée, la course du norovirus de la terre à la mer
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Euller, Gabriel; Desdouits, Marion; Pilven, Sophie; Preux, Guillemette; Le Guyader, Soizick; Garry, Pascal.
Ce jeu de l’oie sous forme de poster a été réalisé dans le cadre de la fête de la science 2020, au muséum d’histoire naturelle de Nantes, afin de présenter au grand public, le mode de dissémination d’un norovirus depuis son excrétion jusqu’à la contamination des coquillages et l’impact de l’homme et de l’environnement sur le devenir de ce virus.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78757/80929.pdf

Virus Aichi, norovirus, astrovirus, entérovirus et rotavirus impliqués dans des cas de gastroentérites suite à la consommation d’huîtres
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Delmas, Guy; Krol, Joanna; Ambert-balay, Katia.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00002/11301/10399.pdf

Norovirus and Hepatitis A virus in shellfish, soft fruits and water
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bosch, Albert; Bidawid, Sabah; Le Guyader, Soizick; Lees, D.; Jaykus, L.a.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17769/15285.pdf

De la terre à la mer. "Usual suspects" de la contamination microbiologique des coquillages
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Euller, Gabriel; Desdouits, Marion; Pilven, Sophie; Le Guyader, Soizick; Garry, Pascal.
Ce poster a été réalisé dans le cadre de la fête de la science 2020, au muséum d’histoire naturelle de Nantes, afin de présenter au grand public les principaux organismes pathogènes pour l’homme contaminant les coquillages.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78754/80922.pdf

Contamination of Clams with Human Norovirus and a Novel Hepatitis A Virus in Cameroon
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bonny, Patrice; Desdouits, Marion; Schaeffer, Julien; Garry, Pascal; Essia Ngang, Jean Justin; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Shellfish constitute an important protein source but may be contaminated by viruses from various origins. A study performed on clams collected in Cameroon showed a high prevalence of norovirus and hepatitis A virus. After sequencing, the hepatitis A virus showed similarities with the genotype V simian strains. The need for a one-health approach to protect humans from emerging diseases is evident by the high number of microbial pathogens that become zoonotic following insect bites or consumption of contaminated meat. This is particularly well documented for infectious disease transmission from non-human primates to human (Devaux et al. 2019). Environmental issues are critical in such events, especially for RNA viruses that may be excreted at high...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Hepatitis A virus; Molecular epidemiology.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00635/74745/74851.pdf

De la terre à la mer, les microbes sous surveillance
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Desdouits, Marion; Piquet, Jean-come; Rocq, Sophie; Euller, Gabriel; Le Guyader, Soizick; Garry, Pascal.
Ce poster a été réalisé dans le cadre de la fête de la science 2020, au muséum d’histoire naturelle de Nantes, afin de présenter au grand public l’évolution de la surveillance de la qualité microbiologique des zones de production conchylicole depuis le début du 20ème siècle à nos jour.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78756/80928.pdf

Rapport d’activités 2019. Laboratoire Santé Environnement et Microbiologie, Laboratoire National de Référence de Microbiologie des coquillages
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Garry, Pascal; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Ce rapport présente une synthèse des actions, et travaux réalisés par le laboratoire Santé Environnement et Microbiologie pendant l’année 2019. Les divers projets de recherche sont résumés et les derniers développements ou résultats sont brièvement évoqués. Les actions en tant que Laboratoire National de Référence pour la Microbiologie des Coquillages et les activités pour la coordination du réseau REMI sont également présentées.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microbiologie sanitaire; Bactéries entériques; Vibrions; Virus entériques humains; Norovirus; Coquillage. Activité de référence; REMI.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00615/72671/71688.pdf

Infectivity of GI and GII noroviruses established from oyster related outbreaks
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Thebault, Anne; Teunis, Peter F. M.; Le Pendu, Jacques; Le Guyader, Soizick; Denis, Jean-baptiste.
Noroviruses (NoVs) are the major cause of acute epidemic gastroenteritis in industrialized countries. Outbreak strains are predominantly genogroup II (GII) NoV, but genogroup I (GI) strains are regularly found in oyster related outbreaks. The prototype Norwalk virus (GI), has been shown to have high infectivity in a human challenge study. Whether other NoVs are equally infectious via natural exposure remains to be established. Human susceptibility to NoV is partly determined by the secretor status (Se+/-). Data from five published oyster related outbreaks were analyzed in a Bayesian framework. Infectivity estimates where high and consistent with NV(GI) infectivity, for both GII and GI strains. The median and CI95 probability of infection and illness, in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Norovirus; Shellfish; Bayesian analysis; Dose-response relationship; Fucosyltransferases.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00148/25927/24030.pdf

Metavirome Sequencing to Evaluate Norovirus Diversity in Sewage and Related Bioaccumulated Oysters
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Strubbia, Sofia; Schaeffer, Julien; Oude Munnink, Bas B.; Besnard, Alban; Phan, My V. T.; Nieuwenhuijse, David F.; De Graaf, Miranda; Schapendonk, Claudia M. E.; Wacrenier, Candice; Cotten, Matthew; Koopmans, Marion P. G.; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Metagenomic sequencing is a promising method to determine the virus diversity in environmental samples such as sewage or shellfish. However, to identify the short RNA genomes of human enteric viruses among the large diversity of nucleic acids present in such complex matrices, method optimization is still needed. This work presents methodological developments focused on norovirus, a small ssRNA non-enveloped virus known as the major cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide and frequently present in human excreta and sewage. Different elution protocols were applied and Illumina MiSeq technology were used to study norovirus diversity. A double approach, agnostic deep sequencing and a capture-based approach (VirCapSeq-VERT) was used to identify norovirus in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Norovirus; Sewage; Oysters; Metagenomic sequencing; Metavirome.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00586/69765/67656.pdf

Detecting virus contamination in shellfish
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bosch, Albert; Lees, D.; Von Bonsdorff, C.h.; Pinto, R.m.; Crocci, L.; De Medici, D.; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17767/15283.pdf

A Targeted Metagenomics Approach to Study the Diversity of Norovirus GII in Shellfish Implicated in Outbreaks
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Desdouits, Marion; Wacrenier, Candice; Ollivier, Joanna; Schaeffer, Julien; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Human noroviruses (NoV) cause epidemics of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide and can be transmitted through consumption of contaminated foods. Fresh products such as shellfish can be contaminated by human sewage during production, which results in the presence of multiple virus strains, at very low concentrations. Here, we tested a targeted metagenomics approach by deep-sequencing PCR amplicons of the capsid (VP1) and polymerase (RdRp) viral genes, on a set of artificial samples and on shellfish samples associated to AGE outbreaks, to evaluate its advantages and limitations in the identification of strains from the NoV genogroup (G) II. Using artificial samples, the method allowed the sequencing of most strains, but not all, and displayed variability...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Norovirus; Foodborne virus; Metagenomics; Amplicon deep sequencing; Viral diversity.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00646/75831/76818.pdf

Rapport d’activités 2017. Laboratoire Santé Environnement et Microbiologie. Laboratoire National de Référence de Microbiologie des coquillages
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Garry, Pascal; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Ce rapport présente une synthèse des actions, travaux menés par l’équipe, accompagnée par des stagiaires, doctorants, post doctorants qu’il est important de remercier pour leur contribution. Cette année 2017 a de nouveau été une année riche en résultats innovants qui permet à notre équipe d’être reconnue au niveau national et international. En effet la Microbiologie sanitaire, thème de recherche fédérant notre laboratoire, thématique à l’interface de la santé publique, de la qualité des eaux côtières et des coquillages, nous permet de développer nos activités sur le terrain ou sur une approche plus fondamentale. Les résultats obtenus nous permettent d’exercer notre activité de Laboratoire National de Référence, en apportant connaissance scientifique et...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00465/57686/59887.pdf

Toxi-infections alimentaires collectives à coquillages et expertise crise d'Arcachon - Année 2006
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Saux, Jean-claude; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
En 2006, le nombre d'informations recensées par Ifremer, relatives aux toxi-infections alimentaires collectives (TIAC) liées à la consommation de coquillages vivants en France a triplé par rapport aux années précédentes, avec 45 foyers suspectés ou confirmés pour environ 400 cas estimés. Pendant cette même période, les alertes européennes sont restées au même niveau que les années antérieures avec 22 notifications communautaires. Majoritairement, ces TIAC ont été déclarées au cours du premier trimestre de l'année avec comme vecteur alimentaire incriminé principalement les huîtres et comme agent causal suspecté ou identifié les norovirus et un virus émergent, le virus Aichi. Sur l'ensemble de ces TIAC, seul un nombre très limité d'entre elles a pu faire...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00306/41708/40919.pdf

Three-year study to assess human enteric viruses in shellfish
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Haugarreau, Larissa; Miossec, Laurence; Dubois, Eric; Pommepuy, Monique.
The main pathogenic enteric viruses able to persist in the environment, such as hepatitis A virus (HAV), Norwalk-like virus (NLV), enterovirus (EV), rotavirus (RV), and astrovirus (AV), were detected by reverse transcription-PCR and hybridization in shellfish during a 3-year study. Oyster samples (n = 108), occasionally containing bacteria, were less frequently contaminated, showing positivity for AV (17%), NLV (23%), EV (19%), and RV (27%), whereas mussel samples, collected in areas routinely impacted by human sewage, were more highly contaminated: AV (50%), HAV (13%), NLV (35%), EV (45%), and RV (52%). Sequences obtained from HAV and NLV amplicons shelved a great variety of strains, especially for NLV (strains close to Mexico, Snow Mountain Agent, or...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Molecular technique; Seasonal variation; Human pathology; Viral contamination; Shellfish; Enteric virus.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-1363.pdf

Rapport d'activités 2014 de l'Unité SG2M. Santé, Génétique et Microbiologie des mollusques
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Lapegue, Sylvie; Le Guyader, Soizick; Hatt, Philippe-jacques; Rivet, Florence.
L’environnement marin est un système dynamique soumis à une forte variabilité d’origines naturelle et anthropique. Les pressions d’origine anthropique sont diverses (surexploitations des ressources vivantes, rejets de contaminants, aménagements, changements globaux) et ont fortement augmenté aux cours des dernières décennies, générant des évolutions importantes dans les écosystèmes marins et dans les usages qui en dépendent, en particulier en zone côtière. L’amélioration du bon état écologique et des services rendus par les écosystèmes marins pose des questions complexes en termes de fonctionnalité et de biodiversité, de durabilité de l’exploitation des ressources vivantes, des politiques publiques et des interactions entre usages. Ces questions entrent...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00283/39455/37921.pdf

Strain-Dependent Norovirus Bioaccumulation in Oysters
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Maalouf, Haifa; Schaeffer, Julien; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Le Pendu, Jacques; Atmar, Robert L.; Crawford, Sue E.; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Noroviruses (NoVs) are the main agents of gastroenteritis in humans and the primary pathogens of shellfish-related outbreaks. Some NoV strains bind to shellfish tissues by using carbohydrate structures similar to their human ligands, leading to the hypothesis that such ligands may influence bioaccumulation. This study compares the bioaccumulation efficiencies and tissue distributions in oysters (Crassostrea gigas) of three strains from the two principal human norovirus genogroups. Clear differences between strains were observed. The GI.1 strain was the most efficiently concentrated strain. Bioaccumulation specifically occurred in digestive tissues in a dose-dependent manner, and its efficiency paralleled ligand expression, which was highest during the cold...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00036/14753/12087.pdf

The role of models in assessing the impact of sewage overflows on feacal water contamination
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Riou, Philippe; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Dumas, Franck; Le Guyader, Soizick; Le Goff, R.; Maheux, Frank; Lamort, Laure; Pommepuy, Monique.
Climate change contributes to local weather modifications such as storm events and heavy rainfall, and in particular, changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme storm and rainfall events. Observations have indicated that rainfall-runoff processes, like sewage overflow may induce fecal contamination in coastal water. Pathogens present in runoff water could therefore contaminate shellfish and be responsible for food-borne disease outbreaks. Mathematical models for this were used to predict the effect of climate modifications on shellfish quality. Using a hydrodynamic model, simulations of water quality conditions under a variety of storm event scenarios were run and are presented here for a harvesting area in France. Major storm events occurring in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modeling; Seawater fecal contamination; E. coli; Virus; Shellfish; Climate change.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17739/15261.pdf

Molecular epidemiology of caliciviruses detected in sporadic and outbreak cases of gastroenteritis in France from December 1998 to February 2004
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bon, Fabienne; Ambert Balay, K; Giraudon, H; Kaplon, J; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique; Gallay, A; Vaillant, V; De Valk, H; Chikhi Brachet, R; Flahaut, A; Pothier, P; Kohli, E.
We compiled sequence and epidemiological data from 172 caliciviruses detected in France from December 1998 to February 2004 in sporadic and outbreak cases. The results showed a cocirculation of strains with a majority of genogroup II (GII) noroviruses. Three groups of noroviruses, not detected before in our laboratory, emerged and spread during the period: the recombinant GGIIb and Norwalk-related strains not amplified in the polymerase gene in 2000 and a new Lordsdale variant in 2002. We observed that (I) GII4 noroviruses were predominant in nursing home and hospital outbreaks but rare in oyster- and water-related outbreaks despite continuous circulation in the population; (ii) at the opposite, genogroup I strains were detected in the majority of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genogroup; Cocirculation; Gastroenteritis; Caliciviruses; Epidemiological.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-723.pdf

Viral contaminants of molluscan shellfish: detection and characterisation
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bosch, Albert; Pinto, R.m.; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17768/15284.pdf

Contamination des coquillages par les norovirus en rivière d'Auray en lien avec la rénovation d'une station d'épuration littorale
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Treguier, Cathy; Schaeffer, Julien; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Le Guyader, Soizick; Cochennec-laureau, Nathalie.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00312/42358/41693.pdf

Shellfish contamination by norovirus : strain selection based on ligand expression?
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Atmar, Robert; Maalouf, Haifa; Le Pendu, Jacques.
Shellfish can be a vector for human pathogens. Despite regulation based on enteric bacteria, shellfish are still implicated in viral outbreaks. Oysters are the most common shellfish associated with outbreaks, and noroviruses, which cause acute gastroenteritis, are the most frequently identified pathogen in these outbreaks. Analysis of shellfish-related outbreak data worldwide shows an unexpected high proportion of NoV GI strains. Recent studies performed in vitro, in vivo and in the environment indicate that oysters are not just a passive filter, but can selectively accumulate norovirus strains based on virus carbohydrate ligands shared with humans. These observations may help explain the GI/GII bias observed in shellfish-related outbreaks compared to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Noroviruses; Oyster contamination; Pathogen.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00150/26093/24313.pdf

Developing a strategy to limit shellfish viral contamination
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Saux, Jean-claude; Derolez, Valerie; Brest, G.; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique.
For shellfish, the viral contamination clearly occurs in the first step of the process i.e. in growing and harvesting areas. As opposed to other foods, there is no proof that other routes (foodhandlers, aerosol), could be at the origin of the seafood contamination (Koopmans &amp; Duizer, 2004). Most of the time, untreated sewage are at the origin of the presence of viruses in shellfish. However, direct contamination by ill people working in the growing area, has also been reported (Berg et al., 2000; Butt et al, 2004).
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17733/15254.pdf

Detection of Hepatitis E Virus in Sewage After an Outbreak on a French Island
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Miura, Takayuki; Lhomme, Sebastien; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Le Mehaute, Philippe; Guillois, Yvonnick; Couturier, Elizabeth; Izopet, Jacques; Abranavel, Florence; Le Guyader, Soizick.
A hepatitis E outbreak, which occurred on a small isolated island, provided an opportunity to evaluate the association between the number of hepatitis E cases in the community and the concentration of virus detected in sewage. Samples were collected from the different sewage treatment plants from the island and analyzed for the presence of hepatitis E (HEV) virus using real-time RT-PCR. We demonstrated that if 1–4 % of inhabitants connected to a WWTP were infected with HEV, raw sewage contained HEV at detectable levels. The finding that such a small number of infected people can contaminate municipal sewage works raises the potential of the further distribution of the virus. Indeed, investigating the routes of transmission of HEV, including the potential...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis E virus; Wastewater treatment plant; Quantification.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00334/44482/44199.pdf

Detection and Quantification of Noroviruses in Shellfish
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Schaeffer, Julien; Bosch, Albert; Loisy, Fabienne; Pommepuy, Monique; Atmar, Robert L.
Noroviruses (NoVs) are the most common viral agents of acute gastroenteritis in humans, and high concentrations of NoVs are discharged into the environment. As these viruses are very resistant to inactivation, the sanitary consequences are contamination of food, including molluscan shellfish. There are four major problems with NoV detection in shellfish samples: low levels of virus contamination, the difficulty of efficient virus extraction, the presence of interfering substances that inhibit molecular detection, and NoV genetic variability. The aims of this study were to adapt a kit for use with a method previously shown to be efficient for detection of NoV in shellfish and to use a one step real-time reverse transcription-PCR method with addition of an...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6137.pdf

Norwalk virus-specific binding to oyster digestive tissues
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Loisy, Fabienne; Atmar, R; Hutson, A; Estes, M; Ruvoen-clouet, N; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Pendu, J.
The primary pathogens related to shellfishborne gastroenteritis outbreaks are noroviruses. These viruses show persistence in oysters, which suggests an active mechanism of virus concentration. We investigated whether Norwalk virus or viruslike particles bind specifically to oyster tissues after bioaccumulation or addition to tissue sections. Since noroviruses attach to carbohydrates of the histo-blood group family, tests using immunohistochemical analysis were performed to evaluate specific binding of virus or viruslike particles to oyster tissues through these ligands. Viral particles bind specifically to digestive ducts (midgut, main and secondary ducts, and tubules) by carbohydrate structures with a terminal N-acetylgalactosamine residue in an alpha...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bioaccumulation; Shellfish; Escherichia coli; Pathogen; Oyster digestive tissue; Noroviruses.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1542.pdf

Digital PCR for Quantifying Norovirus in Oysters Implicated in Outbreaks, France
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Polo, David; Schaeffer, Julien; Fournet, Nelly; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Mcleod, Catherine; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Using samples from oysters clearly implicated in human disease, we quantified norovirus levels by using digital PCR. Concentrations varied from 43 to 1,170 RNA copies/oyster. The analysis of frozen samples from the production area showed the presence of norovirus 2 weeks before consumption.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00359/46971/46887.pdf

Contamination des coquillages par les norovirus en rivière d'Auray (Norocoqauray)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Treguier, Cathy; Schaeffer, Julien; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Cochennec-laureau, Nathalie; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Les norovirus (NoV) sont responsables des épidémies hivernales de gastroentérites aiguës dans la population. Ils sont excrétés dans les fèces humains, puis se retrouvent, après épuration insuffisante, dans le milieu marin naturel où ils peuvent contaminer des coquillages, qui à leur tour risquent de déclencher des gastroentérites chez les consommateurs. Cette étude vise à améliorer les connaissances sur la contamination des coquillages en élevage en rivière d’Auray par les NoV, en lien avec les bactéries témoins de contamination fécale Escherichia coli (E. coli). L’objectif est de suivre les flux de NoV et d’E. coli apportés par différents rejets (dont une station d’épuration) impactant la zone conchylicole et leur influence sur la qualité des coquillages...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Norovirus; Coquillages; Contamination; Station d’épuration; Flux; Rivière d’Auray; Escherichia coli.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00267/37778/35829.pdf

Detection of human enteric viruses in shellfish collected in Tunisia
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Elamri, D; Aouni, M; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Aims: The aim of this study was to detect the main pathogenic human RNA enteric viruses able to persist in the environment such as astrovirus, enterovirus, norovirus and hepatitis A virus (HAV) in shellfish collected from two locations in northern Tunisia.   Methods and Results: Viruses were eluted from digestive tissues and concentrated by polyethylene glycol precipitation before nucleic acid extraction and purification. After checking for inhibitors, all viruses were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and confirmed by hybridization. Overall, 83% of the samples were found positive for at least one virus. Astrovirus was detected in 61% of the samples, norovirus in 35% and HAV in 26%. Surprisingly, only one sample was found...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Reverse transcription PCR; Human enteric viruses.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1881.pdf

Aichi Virus, Norovirus, Astrovirus, Enterovirus, and Rotavirus Involved in Clinical Cases from a French Oyster-Related Gastroenteritis Outbreak
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Ambert-balay, Katia; Krol, Joanna; Serais, Ophelie; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Giraudon, Helene; Delmas, Gilles; Pommepuy, Monique; Pothier, Pierre; Atmar, Robert L.
Following a flooding event close to a shellfish production lagoon, 205 cases of gastroenteritis were linked to oyster consumption. Twelve stool samples from different individuals were collected. Analysis showed that eight samples were positive for multiple enteric viruses, and one stool sample had seven different enteric viruses. Analysis of shellfish implicated in the outbreak allowed detection of the same diversity of enteric viruses, with some viral genomic sequences being identical to those obtained from stool sample analysis. Shellfish were contaminated by as many as five different enteric viruses. For the first time in Europe, Aichi virus was identified in oyster samples. Shellfish samples collected over 3 weeks following the outbreak showed a...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-6099.pdf

Analytical Methods for Virus Detection in Water and Food
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bosch, Albert; Sanchez, Gloria; Abbaszadegan, Morteza; Carducci, Annalaura; Guix, Susana; Le Guyader, Soizick; Netshikweta, Rembuluwani; Pinto, Rosa M.; Van Der Poel, Wim H. M.; Rutjes, Saskia; Sano, Daisuke; Taylor, Maureen B.; Van Zyl, Walda B.; Rodriguez-lazaro, David; Kovac, Katarina; Sellwood, Jane.
Potential ways to address the issues that relate to the techniques for analyzing food and environmental samples for the presence of enteric viruses are discussed. It is not the authors' remit to produce or recommend standard or reference methods but to address specific issues in the analytical procedures. Foods of primary importance are bivalve molluscs, particularly, oysters, clams, and mussels; salad crops such as lettuce, green onions and other greens; and soft fruits such as raspberries and strawberries. All types of water, not only drinking water but also recreational water (fresh, marine, and swimming pool), river water (irrigation water), raw and treated sewage are potential vehicles for virus transmission. Well over 100 different enteric viruses...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Enteric viruses; Gastroenteritis; Hepatitis; Detection; Concentration.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00031/14191/11465.pdf

Rotavirus VLP2/6: a new tool for tracking rotavirus in the marine environment
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Loisy, Fabienne; Atmar, Robert L.; Cohen, Jean; Bosch, Albert; Le Guyader, Soizick.
The potential of rotavirus 2/6-virus-like-particles (VLP2/6) for use as tracers in the marine environment was investigated. The stability of bovine rotavirus (strain RF) and VLP2/6 in natural seawater at 25degreesC for six days was studied. ELISA and western blot methods were used to quantify the particles. The rates of decline of rotavirus particles and VLP2/6 were similar (approximately 0.5 log 10 per day). Western blot analysis showed that the integrity of capsid proteins VP2 and VP6 was conserved during the incubation time. These results demonstrate that VLP2/6 particles have the same stability in seawater as rotavirus particles. Thus, VLP2/6 can be used as a tracer, which should be of particular value for studying the fate of rotavirus particles in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Stability; Tracer; Seawater; Virus like particles; Rotavirus.
Ano: 2004
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-330.pdf

Huîtres et norovirus : une affinité particulière?
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Maalouf, Haifa; Le Pendu, Jacques.
Shellfish can be a vector for human pathogens. Despite regulation based on enteric bacteria, shellfish are still implicated in viral outbreaks. Oysters are the most common shellfish associated with outbreaks, and noroviruses, which cause acute gastroenteritis, are the most frequently identified pathogen in these outbreaks. Analysis of shellfish-related outbreak data worldwide shows an unexpected high proportion of genogroup I strains. Recent studies performed in vitro, in vivo and in the environment indicate that oysters are not just a passive filter, but can selectively accumulate norovirus strains based on virus carbohydrate ligands shared with humans. These observations may help explain the GI/GII bias observed in shellfish-related outbreaks compared to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huîtres; Norovirus; Ligand; Sélection de souches; Oysters; Norovirus; Ligand; Strain selection.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00152/26357/24514.pdf

Etude de la qualité du milieu marin littoral en Martinique (Baie de Fort de France)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Breton, Marguerite; Caprais, Marie-paule; Derrien, A.; Douillet, P; Dubois, E; Dupray, E; Gourmelon, Michele; Guillerm, Denise; Kempf, Marc; Lazure, P.; Le Guyader, Soizick; Le Menn, Remi; Menard, Dominique; Pommepuy, Monique; Salomon, Jean-claude.
Les départements et territoires d'outre mer sont généralement l'objet d'enjeux économiques importants, et de conflits d'activités liés au développement touristique, aquacole, agricole et industriel. Les études font généralement état d'une lente dégradation de l'environnement marin avec diminution des coraux et de la faune associée, au profit d'une augmentation de la couverture algale. On constate parfois un envasement ou un ensablement des sites, la présence dans l'eau de polluants organiques, dont des pesticides, des métaux ainsi que des microorganismes d'origine fécale. En Martinique, ce dernier aspect, lié à l'assainissement des zones rurales, urbaines et touristiques est actuellement considéré comme une préoccupation majeure pour les prochaines années....
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00132/24303/22301.pdf

Characterization of Norovirus and Other Human Enteric Viruses in Sewage and Stool Samples Through Next-Generation Sequencing
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Strubbia, Sofia; Phan, My V. T.; Schaeffer, Julien; Koopmans, Marion; Cotten, Matthew; Le Guyader, Soizick.
This study aimed to optimize a method to identify human enteric viruses in sewage and stool samples using random primed next-generation sequencing. We tested three methods, two employed virus enrichment based on the binding properties of the viral capsid using pig-mucin capture or by selecting viral RNA prior to library preparation through a capture using the SureSelect target enrichment. The third method was based on a non-specific biophysical precipitation with polyethylene glycol. Full genomes of a number of common human enteric viruses including norovirus, rotavirus, husavirus, enterovirus and astrovirus were obtained. In stool samples full norovirus genome were detected as well as partial enterovirus genome. A variety of norovirus sequences was...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Human enteric viruses; Norovirus; Sewage; Metagenomic; Virome.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00512/62332/66592.pdf

Foodborne viruses: Detection, risk assessment, and control options in food processing
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bosch, Albert; Gkogka, Elissavet; Le Guyader, Soizick; Loisy-hamon, Fabienne; Lee, Alvin; Van Lieshout, Lilou; Marthi, Balkumar; Myrmel, Mette; Sansom, Annette; Schultz, Anna Charlotte; Winkler, Anett; Zuber, Sophie; Phister, Trevor.
In a recent report by risk assessment experts on the identification of food safety priorities using the Delphi technique, foodborne viruses were recognized among the top rated food safety priorities and have become a greater concern to the food industry over the past few years. Food safety experts agreed that control measures for viruses throughout the food chain are required. However, much still needs to be understood with regard to the effectiveness of these controls and how to properly validate their performance, whether it is personal hygiene of food handlers or the effects of processing of at risk foods or the interpretation and action required on positive virus test result. This manuscript provides a description of foodborne viruses and their...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Virus; Detection; Risk assessment; Food; Processing technologies.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00443/55507/57057.pdf

Microbial impact of small tributaries on water and shellfish quality in shallow coastal areas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Riou, Philippe; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Dumas, Franck; Caprais, Marie-paule; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of small tributaries on seawater and shellfish quality in coastal area subjected to brief episodes leading to fecal contamination. Escherichia coli and F-RNA-specific bacteriophages were selected as fecal indicators and astroviruses were chosen as being representative of pathogens in the human population during winter viral epidemics. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was built to simulate the current and dispersion in the model domain, which includes areas uncovered at low tide. The model also includes decay rates to simulate microorganism behavior and assess the influence of fecal input on shellfish quality. The originality lies in the fact that specific features of the study area were considered. Modeling...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Astrovirus; F RNA specific; E. coli; Seawater fecal contamination; Modeling.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2675.pdf

Toxi-infections alimentaires collectives liées à la consommation de moules contaminées par Vibrio parahaemolyticus : Enquête environnementale
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Hervio Heath, Dominique; Zidane, Mohamed; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Lozach, Solen; Vaillant, V.; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mots Clés Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Hémolysines thermostables TDH et TRH; TIAC; Coquillages; Environnement.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17737/15258.pdf

Fecal contamination in coastal areas: An engineering approach
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Caprais, Marie-paule; Gourmelon, Michele; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Introduction : "The occurrence of pathogenic microorganisms in seawater or in shellfish could exist anytime sewage from human or animal origin would be discharged to the coast" (Metcalf, 1982). According to the diseases occurring in the human population or in animals, pathogens might be present in recreational waters or in shellfish. Thus, the presence of human enteric viruses (norovirus, astrovirus, rotavirus, hepatitisAvirus (HAV)) and pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, etc.) has been reported in coastal areas for a long time (Colwell, 1978; Metcalf, 1978; Melnick et al., 1979; Grimes, 1991; Bosch et al., 2001;Kong et al., 2002). These...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Estimating model; Infection dose; Microorganisms; STEC; Bacteria; Virus; Fecal contamination; Pathogenic agent; Marine sediment; Estuarine water; Coastal area; Marine water.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1207.pdf

Faecal contamination of echinoderms: first report of heavy     Escherichia coli     loading of sea urchins from a natural growing area
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bouchoucha, Marc; Piquet, Jean-come; Chavanon, Fabienne; Dufresne, C.; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Although little evidence existed to support that view, European countries and in particular France, have regarded echinoderms, including sea urchins, as low risk in terms of feacal contamination. It is hypothesized that the sea urchins mode of feeding, which is based on grazing and differs from bivalve molluscs, would prevent it from concentrating high levels of Escherichia coli. Here, we monitored E. coli levels in sea urchins (Paracentrotus lividus) and in filter-feeder mussels (Mytillus galloprovincialis), collected concurrently from the same natural area over a 1-year period to verify this assumption. Sea urchins were collected on the seafloor, whereas mussels were collected from the water column at a depth of 4 m. Our results showed heavy bacterial...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: E. coli; Fecal contamination; Mussel; Sea urchin; Shellfish monitoring program.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00310/42086/41400.pdf

Human and animal enteric caliciviruses in oysters from different coastal regions of the United States
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Costantini, V; Loisy, Fabienne; Joens, L; Le Guyader, Soizick; Saif, L.
Food-borne diseases are a major cause of morbidity and hospitalization worldwide. Enteric caliciviruses are capable of persisting in the environment and in the tissues of shellfish. Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) have been implicated in outbreaks linked to shellfish consumption. The genetic and antigenic relatedness between human and animal enteric calliciviruses suggests that interspecies transmission may occur. To determine the occurrence of human and animal enteric calliciviruses in United States market oysters, we surveyed regional markets. Oysters were collected from 45 bays along the United States coast during the summer and winter of 2002 and 2003. Samples were analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR, and results were confirmed by hybridization and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Monitoring; Microbiology; Sampling; Oyster; Shellfish tissue; Human norovirus; Calicivirus.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1235.pdf

Norovirus and Other Human Enteric Viruses in Moroccan Shellfish
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Benabbes, Laila; Ollivier, Joanna; Schaeffer, Julien; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Rhaissi, Houria; Nourlil, Jalal; Le Guyader, Soizick.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of human enteric viruses in shellfish collected along the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Coast of Morocco. A total of 77 samples were collected from areas potentially contaminated by human sewage. Noroviruses were detected in 30 % of samples, with an equal representation of GI and GII strains, but were much more frequently found in cockles or clams than in oysters. The method used, including extraction efficiency controls, allowed the quantification of virus concentration. As in previous reports, results showed levels of contamination between 100 and 1,000 copies/g of digestive tissues. Sapoviruses were detected in 13 % of samples mainly in oyster and clam samples. Hepatitis A virus was detected in two...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Norovirus; Hepatitis A virus; Environmental conditions; Quantification; Morocco.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00130/24102/22489.pdf

Assessment of human enteric viruses in cultured and wild bivalve molluscs
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Luz Vilarino, M.; Le Guyader, Soizick; Polo, David; Schaeffer, Julien; Krol, Joanna; Romalde, Jesus L.
Standard and real-time reverse transcription-PCR (rRT-PCR) procedures were used to monitor cultured and wild bivalve molluscs from the Ria de Vigo (NW Spain) for the main human enteric RNA viruses, specifically, norovirus (NoV), hepatitis A virus (HAV), astrovirus (AsV), rotavirus (RT), enterovirus (EV), and Aichi virus (AiV). The results showed the presence of at least one enteric virus in 63.4% of the 41 samples analyzed. NoV GII was the most prevalent virus, detected in 53.7% of the samples, while NoV GI, AsV, EV, and RV were found at lower percentages (7.3, 12.2, 12.2, and 4.9%, respectively). In general, samples obtained in the wild were more frequently contaminated than those from Cultured (70.6 vs. 58.3%) molluscs and were more readily contaminated...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Seafood industry; Viral quantification; Viral prevalence; Norovirus; Hepatitis A virus; Enteric viruses; Molluscs.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6957.pdf

An oyster-associated hepatitis A outbreak in France in 2007
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Guillois-becel, Y.; Couturier, E.; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Roque-afonso, A. M.; Le Guyader, Soizick; Le Goas, A.; Pernes, J.; Le Bechec, S.; Briand, A.; Robert, C.; Dussaix, E.; Pommepuy, Monique; Vaillant, V.
Following the notification of nine hepatitis A cases clustered in the Cotes d'Armor district in northwestern France, epidemiological, environmental and microbiological investigations were set up in order to identify the source and vehicle of contamination and implement control measures. In total, 111 cases were identified in the outbreak, all of whom lived or had stayed as tourists in the Cotes d'Armor district. Of the cases, 87% had eaten raw shellfish, and 81% specifically oysters. Traceback investigations carried out on raw shellfish consumed by the cases showed that the raw shellfish originated from a single shellfish farm. The shellfish were probably contaminated either in the submersible tanks or in a depuration land-based tank where they were...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6685.pdf

Comprehensive Analysis of a Norovirus-Associated Gastroenteritis Outbreak, from the Environment to the Consumer
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Krol, Joanna; Ambert-balay, Katia; Ruvoen-clouet, Nathalie; Desaubliaux, Benedicte; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Ponge, Agnes; Pothier, Pierre; Atmar, Robert L.; Le Pendu, Jacques.
Noroviruses have been recognized to be the predominant agents of nonbacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks in humans, and their transmission via contaminated shellfish consumption has been demonstrated. Norovirus laboratory experiments, volunteer challenge studies, and community gastroenteritis outbreak investigations have identified human genetic susceptibility factors related to histo-blood group antigen expression. Following a banquet in Brittany, France, in February 2008, gastroenteritis cases were linked to oyster consumption. This study identified an association of the norovirus illnesses with histo-blood group expression, and oyster contamination with norovirus was confirmed by qualitative and quantitative analyses. The secretor phenotype was...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00002/11309/8050.pdf

Evaluation of removal of noroviruses during wastewater treatment, using real-time reverse transcription-PCR: Different behaviors of genogroups I and II
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Da Silva, A; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Pommepuy, Monique; Elimelech, M; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Noroviruses, an important cause of gastroenteritis, are excreted by infected individuals and are therefore present in wastewater. We quantified norovirus genogroup I (GI) and GII in wastewater at different locations in France and evaluated removal by a range of treatment types, including basic (waste stabilization pond), current industry standard (activated sludge), and state-of-the-art (submerged membrane bioreactor) treatments. Noroviruses were quantified using real-time reverse transcription-PCR (rRT-PCR). Mengovirus was used as a virus extraction control, and internal controls were used to verify the level of GI and GII rRT-PCR inhibition. A total of 161 (81 influent and 79 effluent) samples were examined; GI and GII were detected in 43 and 88% of the...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3571.pdf

Infectivity and RNA Persistence of a Norovirus Surrogate, the Tulane Virus, in Oysters
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Polo, David; Schaeffer, Julien; Teunis, Peter; Buchet, Vincent; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Oysters, being filter feeders, can accumulate some human pathogens such as norovirus, a highly infectious calicivirus, most common cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Accumulated virus decays over a period of days to weeks, possibly rendering contaminated oysters safe again. Sensitive molecular methods have been set up for shellfish analysis but without answering the question of infectious virus detection. Using the Tulane virus (TV), a norovirus surrogate that recognizes the same ligand as human norovirus in oyster tissues, the genome and infectious virus decay rates were estimated using inverse linear regression in a Bayesian framework for genome copies. Infectivity decreased faster than genome copies but infectious viruses were detected for...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Infectious virus; Genome detection; Oysters; Persistence; Shellfish outbreaks.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00436/54736/56182.pdf

Investigation of a hepatitis A outbreak due to oyster consumption in France in 2007
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Guillois-bécel, Y.; Couturier, E.; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Roque-afonso, A.m.; Le Guyader, Soizick; Le Goas, A.; Pernes, J.; Le Bechec, S.; Briand, A.; Robert, C.; Dussaix, E.; Pommepuy, Monique; Vaillant, C.
Following the notification of nine hepatitis A cases partly clustered near an oyster growing area in the Côtes d’Armor district (Brittany, France), epidemiological, environmental and microbiological investigations were performed in order to identify the source and vehicle of contamination and devise control measures. The investigations identified 111 cases, all of whom lived or had stayed in the district. Of these cases, 87% had eaten raw bivalve molluscs and 81% had specifically eaten oysters. The raw molluscs originated from a single shellfish farm located at the north of Paimpol bay. The shellfish were probably contaminated while being stored in submersible tanks or purified in a land-based tank. They were tainted either by sewage overflows or releases...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis A; Outbreak; Oysters; Epidemiological investigations; Traceback investigations.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17750/15272.pdf

Novel opportunities for NGS-based one health surveillance of foodborne viruses
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Desdouits, Marion; De Graaf, Miranda; Strubbia, Sofia; Oude Munnink, Bas B.; Kroneman, Annelies; Le Guyader, Soizick; Koopmans, Marion P. G.
Foodborne viral infections rank among the top 5 causes of disease, with noroviruses and hepatitis A causing the greatest burden globally. Contamination of foods by infected food handlers or through environmental pollution are the main sources of foodborne illness, with a lesser role for consumption of products from infected animals. Viral partial genomic sequencing has been used for more than two decades to track foodborne outbreaks and whole genome or metagenomics next-generation-sequencing (NGS) are new additions to the toolbox of food microbiology laboratories. We discuss developments in the field of targeted and metagenomic NGS, with an emphasis on application in food virology, the challenges and possible solutions towards future routine application
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Next-generation sequencing; Metagenomics; Foodborne virus; Food virology; Human enteric virus; Norovirus.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00641/75330/75988.pdf

Norovirus et huîtres : de la terre à la mer !
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Thomas, Adeline; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Ollivier, Joanna; Maalouf, Haifa; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00060/17118/14630.pdf

Processing Strategies to Inactivate Enteric Viruses in Shellfish
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Richards, Gary P.; Mcleod, Catherine; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Noroviruses, hepatitis A and E viruses, sapovirus, astrovirus, rotavirus, Aichi virus, enteric adenoviruses, poliovirus, and other enteroviruses enter shellfish through contaminated seawater or by contamination during handling and processing, resulting in outbreaks ranging from isolated to epidemic. Processing and disinfection methods include shellfish depuration and relaying, cooking and heat pasteurization, freezing, irradiation, and high pressure processing. All the methods can improve shellfish safety; however, from a commercial standpoint, none of the methods can guarantee total virus inactivation without impacting the organoleptic qualities of the shellfish. Noroviruses cause the majority of foodborne viral illnesses, yet there is conflicting...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Processing; Norovirus; Hepatitis A virus; Depuration; High pressure; Heat inactivation.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00011/12253/9199.pdf

Virus Type-Specific Removal in a Full-Scale Membrane Bioreactor Treatment Process
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Miura, Takayuki; Schaeffer, Julien; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Le Mehaute, Philippe; Le Guyader, Soizick.
We investigated removal of noroviruses, sapoviruses, and rotaviruses in a full-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) plant by monitoring virus concentrations in wastewater samples during two gastroenteritis seasons and evaluating the adsorption of viruses to mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS). Sapoviruses and rotaviruses were detected in 25% of MBR effluent samples with log reduction values of 3- and 2-logs in geometric mean concentrations, respectively, while noroviruses were detected in only 6% of the samples. We found that norovirus and sapovirus concentrations in the solid phase of mixed liquor samples were significantly higher than in the liquid phase (P &lt; 0.01, t test), while the concentration of rotaviruses was similar in both phases. The efficiency...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Norovirus; Sapovirus; Rotavirus; MBR; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Adsorption.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00414/52548/53441.pdf

Prévalence des norovirus dans les huîtres mises sur le marché dans le Département de la Vendée. Période février 2010-mai 2011
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Saux, Jean-claude; Lora, M.; Schaeffer, Julien; Poiraud, G.; Le Guyader, Soizick.
L’objet de cette étude est d’évaluer, par les méthodes de détection virale en cours de validation au niveau européen, le niveau de présence des norovirus dans les huîtres à l’expédition et sur les lieux de vente dans un département test, celui de la Vendée. En effet, aujourd’hui peu d’informations existent au niveau international et national sur la prévalence des norovirus dans les coquillages mis dans les circuits de consommation, alors que tous les ans des coquillages, répondant aux critères de mise en marché, sont incriminés ou suspectés dans des foyers de toxi-infections alimentaires collectives liés à la consommation de coquillages, majoritairement contaminés par des virus et plus particulièrement par les norovirus. Cette étude sur la période de...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microbiologie; Coquillages; Norovirus; Huître creuse; Détection; Santé publique; Département Vendée.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00185/29650/28019.pdf

Characterization of new recombinant noroviruses
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Ambert Balay, K; Bon, F; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pothier, P; Kohli, E.
Noroviruses are important etiologic agents of acute gastroenteritis and show great genetic diversity. To characterize more fully previously detected strains that could not be assigned unequivocally to one particular genotype based on the RNA polymerase, we have sequenced a region in the capsid gene and, in some cases, in the junction between open reading frame 1 (ORF1) and ORF2. The results allowed us to identify several recombinant noroviruses: GGHb viruses were detected for the first time in France in August 2000 and then spread through France and to Europe during the following winter. Here we present the characterization of three other probable GII recombinants which showed different phylogenetic positions depending on their ORF1 and ORF2 sequences....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genogroup; RNA recombination; Gastroenteritis; Round structured virus; Reverse transcription; Norovirus.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-1234.pdf

Détection des virus entériques dans les stations d'épuration par PCR
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Dubois, Eric; Menard, Dominique.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00041/15209/12537.pdf

Transmission of viruses through shellfish: when specific ligands come into play
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Atmar, Robert L.; Le Pendu, Jacques.
Shellfish are known as vectors for human pathogens and despite regulation based on enteric bacteria they are still implicated in viral outbreaks. Among shellfish, oysters are the most common vector of contamination, and the pathogens most frequently involved in these outbreaks are noroviruses, responsible for acute gastroenteritis in humans. Analysis of shellfish-related outbreak data worldwide show an unexpected high proportion of NoV GI strains. Recent studies performed in vitro, in vivo and in the environment indicate that oysters are not just passive filters, but can selectively accumulate norovirus strains based on viral carbohydrate ligands shared with humans. These observations contribute to explain the GI bias observed in shellfish-related...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00114/22516/20238.pdf

Noroviruses are highly infectious but there is strong variation in host susceptibility and virus pathogenicity
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Teunis, Peter Fm; Le Guyader, Soizick; Liu, Pengbo; Ollivier, Joanna; Moe, Christine L.
Noroviruses are a major public health concern: their high infectivity and environmental persistence have been documented in several studies. Genetic sequencing shows that noroviruses are highly variable, and exhibit rapid evolution. A few human challenge studies have been performed with norovirus, leading to estimates of their infectivity. However, such incidental estimates do not provide insight into the biological variation of the virus and the interaction with its human host. To study the variation in infectivity and pathogenicity of norovirus, multiple challenge studies must be analysed jointly, to compare their differences and describe how virus infectivity and host susceptibility vary. Since challenge studies can only provide a small sample of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Challenge studies; Infectivity; Natural experiments; Norovirus; Multilevel dose response.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00641/75265/75474.pdf

Optimization of PMAxx pretreatment to distinguish between human norovirus with intact and altered capsids in shellfish and sewage samples
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Randazzo, Walter; Khezri, Mohammad; Ollivier, Joanna; Le Guyader, Soizick; Rodriguez-diaz, Jesus; Aznar, Rosa; Sanchez, Gloria.
Shellfish contamination by human noroviruses (HuNoVs) is a serious health and economic problem. Recently an ISO procedure based on RT-qPCR for the quantitative detection of HuNoVs in shellfish has been issued, but these procedures cannot discriminate between inactivated and potentially infectious viruses. The aim of the present study was to optimize a pretreatment using PMAxx to better discriminate between intact and heat-treated HuNoVs in shellfish and sewage. To this end, the optimal conditions (30 min incubation with 100 μM of PMAxx and 0.5% of Triton, and double photoactivation) were applied to mussels, oysters and cockles artificially inoculated with thermally-inactivated (99 °C for 5 min) HuNoV GI and GII. This pretreatment reduced the signal of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Intercalating dyes; Viability PCR; Norovirus; Shellfish; Sewage; RT-qPCR.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00411/52208/52970.pdf

Passive Samplers, a Powerful Tool to Detect Viruses and Bacteria in Marine Coastal Areas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Vincent Hubert, Francoise; Wacrenier, Candice; Morga, Benjamin; Lozach, Solen; Quenot, Emmanuelle; Mege, Mickael; Lecadet, Cyrielle; Gourmelon, Michele; Hervio-heath, Dominique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
The detection of viruses and bacteria which can pose a threat either to shellfish health or shellfish consumers remains difficult. The current detection methods rely on point sampling of water, a method that gives a snapshot of the microorganisms present at the time of sampling. In order to obtain better representativeness of the presence of these microorganisms over time, we have developed passive sampling using the adsorption capacities of polymer membranes. Our objectives here were to assess the feasibility of this methodology for field detection. Different types of membrane were deployed in coastal waters over 2 years and the microorganisms tested using qPCR were: human norovirus (NoV) genogroups (G)I and II, sapovirus, Vibrio spp. and the species...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Norovirus; Ostreid herpes virus 1 &amp;#956; Var; Vibrio spp; Microbial source tracking; Sea; Passive sampler; Oyster (Crassostrea gigas).
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00682/79375/81893.pdf

Improving the efficacy of sewage treatment decreases norovirus contamination in oysters
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Schaeffer, Julien; Treguier, Cathy; Piquet, Jean-come; Gachelin, Sonia; Cochennec-laureau, Nathalie; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Garry, Pascal; Le Guyader, Soizick.
As human population increases worldwide, water quality will become increasingly problematic, and food consumed raw may be of higher risk. This is already evident for oysters grown in coastal areas - despite regulations based on bacterial indicators, oysters are still implicated in food-borne outbreaks worldwide. The pathogens most frequently detected are human noroviruses, which are shed at high concentrations in human excreta and are very resistant to environmental conditions. Sewage treatment plants usually apply a variety of steps such as activated sludge treatment, chlorine or UV disinfection to eliminate contaminants, these processes have variable efficacy. This study demonstrates the impact of replacing an old lagoon-based sewage treatment plant with...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Norovirus; Shellfish safety; Sewage treatment; Coastal water quality.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00450/56140/57707.pdf

Metagenomics-Based Proficiency Test of Smoked Salmon Spiked with a Mock Community
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Sala, Claudia; Mordhorst, Hanne; Grützke, Joesphine; Brinkmann, Annika; Petersen, Thomas N; Poulsen, Casper; Cotter, Paul D; Crispie, Fiona; Ellis, Richard J; Castellani, Gastone; Amid, Clara; Hakhverdyan, Mikhayil; Le Guyader, Soizick; Manfreda, Gerardo; Mossong, Joël; Nitsche, Andreas; Ragimbeau, Catherine; Schaeffer, Julien; Schlundt, Joergen; Tay, Moon Y. F.; Aarestrup, Frank M.; Hendriksen, Rene S.; Pamp, Sünje Johanna; De Cesare, Alessandra.
An inter-laboratory proficiency test was organized to assess the ability of participants to perform shotgun metagenomic sequencing of cold smoked salmon, experimentally spiked with a mock community composed of six bacteria, one parasite, one yeast, one DNA, and two RNA viruses. Each participant applied its in-house wet-lab workflow(s) to obtain the metagenomic dataset(s), which were then collected and analyzed using MG-RAST. A total of 27 datasets were analyzed. Sample pre-processing, DNA extraction protocol, library preparation kit, and sequencing platform, influenced the abundance of specific microorganisms of the mock community. Our results highlight that despite differences in wet-lab protocols, the reads corresponding to the mock community members...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shotgun metagenomics; Smoked salmon; Proficiency test; Experimentally spiked samples; Wet-lab protocols.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00664/77615/79636.pdf

Diversity of enterovirus sequences detected in oysters by RT-heminested PCR
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Dubois, Eric; Merle, Ghislaine; Roquier, Catherine; Trompette, Aurélien; Le Guyader, Soizick; Cruciere, Catherine; Chomel, Jean-jacques.
Oysters harvested in western France, from five sites associated with outbreaks of food-borne norovirus gastroenteritis between February 2000 and March 2001, were assayed for enterovirus RNA by reverse transcriptase-heminested polymerase chain reaction (RT-heminested PCR). Forty percent (21/52) of shellfish samples (pool of seven oysters) were contaminated by enteroviruses. Infectious coxsackieviruses serotype A21 were isolated from three of these positive samples. Amplicons corresponding to 65 base sequences in the 5' untranslated region of the enteroviral genome were analyzed by direct sequencing. Interpretable results were obtained from 18 amplicons, but mixtures of sequences confused the results from 3 samples. Sequences isolated from samples from the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sequence analyze; RT PCR; Cell culture; Shellfish; Enterovirus.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-763.pdf

Tulane Virus as a Potential Surrogate To Mimic Norovirus Behavior in Oysters
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Drouaz, Najoua; Schaeffer, Julien; Farkas, Tibor; Le Pendu, Jacques; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Oyster contamination by noroviruses is an important health and economic problem. The present study aimed to compare the behaviors of Norwalk virus (the prototype genogroup I norovirus) and two culturable viruses: Tulane virus and mengovirus. After bioaccumulation, tissue distributions were quite similar for Norwalk virus and Tulane virus, with the majority of viral particles detected in digestive tissues, while mengovirus was detected in large amounts in the gills and mantle as well as in digestive tissues. The levels of persistence of all three viruses over 8 days were comparable, but clear differences were observed over longer periods, with Norwalk and Tulane viruses displaying rather similar half-lives, unlike mengovirus, which was cleared more rapidly....
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00275/38633/37163.pdf

Rapport d'activités 2015 de l'Unité SG2M : Santé, Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Renault, Tristan; Bechemin, Christian; Le Guyader, Soizick; Stavrakakis, Christophe; Rivet, Florence.
L’unité SG2M est structurée pour aborder de manière intégrée les domaines de la santé animale et de la santé humaine liée à production, à la consommation de coquillages, et à la qualité microbiologique du littoral. Ainsi, dans le cadre d’un continuum recherche/surveillance/expertise, et d’une approche pluridisciplinaire, l’unité cherche à développer des connaissances concernant les interactions entre agents infectieux, hôtes et environnement chez les mollusques marins, et les cycles de contamination. Dans le domaine de la recherche, les activités de l’unité sont déclinées selon quatre axes structurants : (1) la microbiologie sanitaire et les voies de transfert des agents pathogènes humains dans l’environnement côtier, (2) l’étude des maladies affectant les...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00319/43055/42562.pdf

Environmental Conditions Leading to Shellfish Contamination and Related Outbreaks
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Maalouf, Haifa; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Human fecal wastes contain a large variety of viruses that can enter the environment through discharge of waste materials from infected individuals. Despite the high diversity of viruses that are introduced into the environment by human fecal pollution, only a few have been recognized to cause disease in association with consumption of contaminated shellfish. To explain bivalve mollusks contamination, several factors including human epidemiology, virus persistence through sewage treatment plant, and shellfish uptake may be suggested. Considering different outbreaks described in the literature, the most common route for transmission is accidental contamination after heavy rainfall, when extra loads cause an overflow, and release of untreated sewage into the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Outbreaks; Norovirus; Environmental conditions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00011/12252/9031.pdf

Prediction of faecal contamination in shellfish production areas: Interest and limits of the salinity parameter
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Saux, Jean-claude; Le Vaillant, Gael; Guillermou, Ghislain; Vilbas, Jean-valere; Deter, Julie; Delyon, Bernard; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique.
Estuarine areas are sensitive to rapid and punctual contamination linked to heavy rainfall inducing rapid fresh water input. Thus, the increase of seawater contamination may be linked to a salinity decrease. The objective of this study was to measure salinity variation as a proxy to evaluate the risk of faecal contamination. Salinity sensors were set up on shellfish beds in Daoulas estuary (Bay of Brest) and monitored every 10 min over a four year period. Precipitation and river flows were also recorded. Moreover E. coli concentrations and salinity were measured in the estuarine surface water during different hydrodynamic conditions and seasons. The results indicated a significant relationship between E. coli concentration and salinity in the estuary....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Salinity; Sensor; E. coli; Shellfish; Prediction; Alert; Daoulas estuary.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17751/15273.pdf

Rapport d’activités 2018 – Laboratoire Santé Environnement et Microbiologie.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Desdouits, Marion; Garry, Pascal; Gourmelon, Michele; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Hubert, Francoise; Kaelin, Gaelle; Kergaravat, Cedric; Le Mennec, Cecile; Le Guyader, Soizick; Loiseau, Veronique; Lozach, Solen; Maillot, Jessica; Ollivier, Joanna; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Piquet, Jean-come; Quenot, Emmanuelle; Rocq, Sophie; Schaeffer, Julien; Serghine, Joelle; Vallade, Emilie; Veron, Antoine; Wacrenier, Candice.
Ce rapport présente une synthèse des actions, et travaux réalisés par le laboratoire Santé Environnement et Microbiologie pendant l’année 2018. Les divers projets de recherche sont résumés et les derniers développements ou résultats sont brièvement évoqués. Les actions en tant que Laboratoire National de Référence pour la Microbiologie des Coquillages et les activités pour la coordination du réseau REMI sont également présentées.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microbiologie sanitaire; Bactéries entériques; Vibrions; Virus entériques humains; Norovirus; Coquillage; Activité de référence; REMI.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00491/60218/63584.pdf

Adsorption of norovirus and ostreid herpesvirus type 1 to polymer membranes for the development of passive samplers
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Hubert, Francoise; Morga, Benjamin; Renault, Tristan; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Aims  This study was performed to develop passive sampling methodology for the detection of two viruses in seawater in the area of shellfish production, The Norovirus (NoV), a human pathogen implicated in gastroenteritis outbreaks linked to oyster consumption and the ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1) a virus associated with mass mortalities of Pacific oysters. Methods and Results  Commercially membranes were tested for their capacity to adsorb virus: Zetapor, gauze, nylon, low density polyethylene (LDPE) and Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF). Laboratory exposures of membranes to contaminated water samples (stool, sewage, seawater) were performed. Our data shown that the amount of NoV GII genome per membrane measured with qRT-PCR increased with the time of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Norovirus; OsHV-1; Pacific oysters; Passive samplers; Seawater; Sewage.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00365/47646/47670.pdf

Bioaccumulation Efficiency, Tissue Distribution, and Environmental Occurrence of Hepatitis E Virus in Bivalve Shellfish from France
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grodzki, Marco; Schaeffer, Julien; Piquet, Jean-come; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Cheve, Julien; Ollivier, Joanna; Le Pendu, Jacques; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV), an enteric pathogen of both humans and animals, is excreted by infected individuals and is therefore present in wastewaters and coastal waters. As bivalve molluscan shellfish are known to concentrate viral particles during the process of filter feeding, they may accumulate this virus. The bioaccumulation efficiencies of oysters (Crassostrea gigas), flat oysters (Ostrea edulis), mussels (Mytilus edulis), and clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) were compared at different time points during the year. Tissue distribution analysis showed that most of the viruses were concentrated in the digestive tissues of the four species. Mussels and clams were found to be more sensitive to sporadic contamination events, as demonstrated by rapid...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00204/31501/29905.pdf

Molecular epidemiological survey of rotaviruses in sewage by reverse transcriptase seminested PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism assay
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Dubois, E; Le Guyader, Soizick; Haugarreau, Larissa; Kopecka, H; Cormier, M; Pommepuy, Monique.
Rotavirus double-stranded RNA was detected directly in sewage treatment plant samples over a 1-year period by reverse transcription followed by PCR amplification of the VP7 gene and Southern blot hybridization. The presence of naturally occurring rotaviruses was demonstrated in 42% of raw sewage samples and in 67% of treated effluent samples, Amplified viral sequences were analyzed bg restriction enzymes. Ten different restriction profiles were characterized, most of which were found in treated effluent samples. A mixture of restriction profiles was observed in 75% of contaminated effluent samples, The profiles were compared with those obtained from human rotavirus isolates involved in infections in children from the same area (six different profiles were...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00336/44720/44851.pdf

Virus entériques humains et coquillages
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Le Mennec, Cecile; Miura, Takayuki; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Human enteric viruses discharged in raw sewage are hightly resistant and may be detected in surface waters, coastal areas and shellfish. Whereas noroviruses, responsible for relatively benign acute gastroentritis, are the most common agents implicated in shellfish borne outbreaks, other human viruses which cause severe human diseases, such as hepatitis A virus, may also be transmitted. Environmental studies have demonstrated that virus concentrations detected in shellfish are higher than in surrounding waters. This concentration may explain the high prevalence of noroviruses detected in various shellfish species collected in different countries. If many questions remain regarding viral contamination of shellfish, the most important seems to be the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Human enteric viruses; Norovirus; Hepatitis A virus; Coquillage; Virus entérique humain; Norovirus; Virus de l'hépatite A.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00317/42849/42258.pdf

Monitoring viral contamination in shellfish growing areas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique; Atmar, Robert.
Human and animal fecal wastes and urine contain a large number of different viruses that can enter the environment through the discharge of waste materials from infected individuals. Despite the high diversity of viruses that are introduced into the environment by human fecal pollution, only a few have been recognized to cause disease in association with consumption of contaminated shellfish. Viruses are present in shellfish in very low numbers. Nevertheless, they are present in sufficient quantities to pose a health risk as presented. This low level of contamination has made it necessary to develop highly sensitive viral extraction methods to ensure virus recovery from shellfish tissues. The most common route for accidental contamination is after heavy...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Human enteric viruses; Shellfish; Sewage; Persistence; Flux.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12606/15279.pdf