Consulta: creatorFacets:"Nin Pratt,   Alejandro"
Registros recuperados: 14
Data/hora: 09/06/2024 13:37:37

Productivity Growth and Convergence in Crop, Ruminant and Non-Ruminant Production: Measurement and Forecasts
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ludena,   Carlos E.; Hertel,   Thomas W.; Preckel,   Paul V.; Foster,   Kenneth A.; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro.
There is considerable interest in projections of future productivity growth in agriculture. Whether one is interested in the outlook for global commodity markets, future patterns of international trade, or the interactions between land use, deforestation and ecological diversity, the rate of productivity growth in agriculture is an essential input. Yet solid projections for this variable have proven elusive – particularly on a global basis. This is due, in no small part, to the difficulty in measuring historical productivity growth. The purpose of this paper is to report the latest time series evidence on total factor productivity growth for crops, ruminants and non-ruminant livestock, on a global basis. We then follow with tests for convergence amongst...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malmquist index; Productivity; Convergence; Projections; Crops; Livestock; Productivity Analysis; D24; O13; O47; Q10.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25392

International agricultural research for food security, poverty reduction, and the environment: What to expect from scaling up CGIAR investments and “Best Bet” programs.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Fan,   Shenggen; Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Developing countries; CGIAR; Food prices; Poverty reduction; Hunger; Agricultural research food security; Environment; Agricultural innovation; Agricultural development; Climate change; Agricultural biodiversity; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46015

SHOULD REGIONAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE BE A POLICY PRIORITY IN SOUTHERN AFRICA?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Diao,   Xinshen; Bahta,   Yonas Tesfamariam.
We develop a detailed trade analysis to assess the potential impacts of a free trade agreement (FTA) on the agricultural sector of Southern African countries. We do this by combining the use of a partial equilibrium analysis with bilateral trade data at the four-digit Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) level for 193 agricultural industries in 14 Southern African countries. Results show that the overall welfare effects of a FTA would be positive but small in most countries. Largest benefits would go to countries with a regional comparative advantage for agriculture, while still being inefficient producers of regionally traded commodities. No direct gains for importing countries are expected because a FTA would increase imports from...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Regional trade agreement; Southern Africa; Agricultural trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; F15; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51734

Exploring growth linkages and market opportunities for agriculture in Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Diao,   Xinshen.
Considering the heterogeneity of the countries of southern Africa and the presence of South Africa and other middle-income countries in the region, southern Africa has a unique opportunity to exploit agricultural potential and regional trade opportunities through regional dynamics and integration. We analyze the implications of such opportunities for the growth of the low-income countries, using a regional general equilibrium model that captures growth linkages. We find that growth in the middle-income southern African countries, such as South Africa, benefits the region’s low-income countries through increased demand for their agricultural exports. Agricultural productivity growth, however, is necessary for low-income countries to take advantage of South...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Regional trade; General equilibrium model; Regional integration; Agricultural productivity; Agricultural growth; Grain production; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55411

High value products or staple crops? A discussion on development strategies for Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Diao,   Xinshen.
Unexploited agricultural potential and regional trade opportunities together with the presence of South Africa and other middle-income countries, offer Southern Africa the unique opportunity to foster agricultural growth through regional linkages. In this study a global general equilibrium model that focuses on Southern Africa is used to analyze the implications that these specific characteristics of the regional economy have on growth choices of low-income countries. Three groups of growth scenarios are define to analyze the role of South Africa as a possible engine of growth, the role of own growth engines in low-income countries, and growth linkages between middle- and low-income countries. Results of the simulation scenarios show that larger benefits...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21094

Agricultural Productivity and Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Yu,   Bingxin; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro.
We analyze the evolution of Sub-Saharan Africa’s agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) over the past 45 years, looking for evidence of recent changes in growth patterns using an improved nonparametric Malmquist index. Our TFP estimates show a remarkable recovery in the performance of Sub-Saharan Africa’s agriculture between 1984 and 2006 after a long period of poor performance and decline. That recovery is the consequence of improved efficiency in production resulting from changes in the output structure and an adjustment in the use of inputs. Policy interventions, including fiscal, trade and sector specific policies, appear to have played an important role in improving agriculture’s performance. Despite the improved agricultural performance, SSA...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Efficiency; Malmquist index; Total factor productivity; Technical change; Sub-Saharan Africa; Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/105400

Getting Implicit Shadow Prices Right for the Estimation of the Malmquist Index: The Case of Agricultural Total Factor Productivity in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Yu,   Bingxin.
The Malmquist index has become extensively used in international comparisons of agricultural productivity since it does not require prices for its estimation, which are normally not available. However, the DEA approach used to estimate this index still uses implicit price information. This entails potential problems because these methods are susceptible to the effect of data noise, and shadow prices can prove to be inconsistent with prior knowledge on cost shares. In this paper we analyze implicit input shadow shares used in the DEA approach to estimate agricultural productivity using the Malmquist index for 72 developing countries. We then set bounds to the implicit input shares introducing information on their likely value and compare constrained and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malmquist; Shadow prices; Total factor productivity; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; D2.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51797

International agricultural research for food security, poverty reduction, and the environment: What to expect from scaling up CGIAR investments and “Best Bet” programs.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Fan,   Shenggen; Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Developing countries; CGIAR; Food prices; Poverty reduction; Hunger; Agricultural research food security; Environment Agricultural innovation; Agricultural development; Climate change; Agricultural biodiversity; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46016

Evaluating Poverty Impacts of Globalization and Trade Policy Changes on Agricultural Producers
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Valenzuela,   Ernesto; Hertel,   Thomas W.; Ivanic,   Maros; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro.
The poverty effects and in particular the impact of trade liberalization on smallholder livestock producers in African and South East Asian developing countries (Malawi, Zambia, Uganda, Mozambique, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Indonesia, and Philippines) is addressed by disaggregating income sources within agriculture into earnings from crop and livestock production.  Given that livestock production in our developing country sample is a marginal activity with very little concentration households are stratified according to a small dependence on livestock earnings, and thus separating them from crops specialized earnings households, households who are wage labor specialized, transfer dependent households, and diversified households.  We combine a macro-economic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20242

An Updated Look at the Recovery of Agricultural Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Yu,   Bingxin.
We analyze the evolution of Sub-Saharan Africa’s agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) over the past 40 years, looking for evidence of recent changes in growth patterns using a nonparametric Malmquist index. Our TFP estimates show a remarkable recovery in the performance of Sub-Saharan Africa’s agriculture during between 1984 and 2003 after a long period of poor performance and decline. That recovery is the consequence of improved efficiency in production resulting from changes in the output structure and an adjustment in the use of inputs, including an overall net reduction in fertilizer use but increased fertilizer use in most of the best-performing countries. Policy changes implemented by African countries between the mid-1980s and the second...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Total factor productivity; Sub-Saharan Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Productivity Analysis; D24; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51731

An appropriate level of risk: Balancing the need for safe livestock products with fair market access for the poor
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Stevens,   Christopher; Sones,   Keith; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Perry,   Brian D.
This paper examines the role of livestock products as commodities of trade, responding to the demand and higher prices that many external markets offer, and at the same time providing important contributions to the development process in poorer countries.  It highlights that this opportunity is not without its threats: much of the Western world has, over the last half century in particular, invested substantial amounts of money in controlling and eradicating many infectious diseases of livestock, and in building up healthy and highly productive animals, the products derived from which earn them very large sums of money on world markets.  Such countries are not willing to take risks that could threaten their livestock industries, and their domestic and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23773

Growth Options and Poverty Reduction in Ethiopia: A Spatial Economywide Model Analysis for 2004-15
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Ghautam,   Madhur; Keough,   James; Chamberlin,   Jordan; You,   Liangzhi; Puetz,   Detlev; Resnick,   Danielle; Yu,   Bingxin.
Also published as EDRI-ESSP Policy Working Paper No. 2: Xinshen Diao; Alejandro Nin Pratt; Madhur Ghautam; James Keough; Jordan Chamberlin; Liangszi You; Detlev Puetz; Danielle Resnick; Bingxin Yu. 2005. Growth options and poverty reduction in Ethiopia: a spatial, economywide model analysis for 2004-15.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty alleviation; Agricultural growth; Agricultural sector; Millennium Development Goals; Spatial analysis (Statistics); Disaggregation; Household surveys; Ethiopia; Africa; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58383

PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH AND CATCHING-UP: IMPLICATIONS FOR CHINA'S TRADE IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Hertel,   Thomas W.; Foster,   Kenneth A.; Rae,   Allan N.
We develop projections of China's likely meat trade in the year 2010 using a general equilibrium model in conjunction with forecasts of productivity growth rates and macro-economic forecasts. Interestingly, macro-economic uncertainty appears to be more important in driving China's net trade position in meats than is sector-specific supply uncertainty.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20590

Disaggregate Productivity Growth in Livestock Production: A Directional Malmquist Index Approach
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ludena,   Carlos E.; Hertel,   Thomas W.; Preckel,   Paul V.; Foster,   Kenneth A.; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro.
Limited data on the allocation of inputs to different activities has limited agricultural economists' attempts to measure sub-sector productivity growth in agriculture. However, recent developments have enabled us to estimate total factor productivity (TFP) growth for crops and livestock accounting for input-output allocation. This paper extends previous work on TFP measurement for livestock into ruminants and non-ruminant productivity measurement, given the differences in productivity growth rates among these species. The results show that the non-ruminant sector is more dynamic than the ruminant sector, driving most of the productivity growth within the livestock sector. Given the rapid rates of productivity growth observed recently, non-ruminant...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Malmquist index; Livestock; Ruminants; Non-ruminants; Productivity Analysis; O47; O57; Q16.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19395