Consulta: subjectFacets:"Bangladesh"
Registros recuperados: 65
Data/hora: 09/06/2024 13:48:54

Governance of Aquatic Agricultural Systems: Analyzing Representation, Power, and Accountability
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Ratner, Blake D.; WorldFish; b.ratner@cgiar.org; Cohen, Philippa; ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University; WorldFish; p.cohen@cgiar.org; Barman, Benoy; WorldFish; b.barman@cgiar.org; Mam, Kosal; WorldFish; k.mam@cgiar.org; Nagoli, Joseph; WorldFish; j.nagoli@cgiar.org; Allison, Edward H.; School of International Development, University of East Anglia; WorldFish; e.allison@cgiar.org.
Aquatic agricultural systems in developing countries face increasing competition from multiple stakeholders over rights to access and use natural resources, land, water, wetlands, and fisheries, essential to rural livelihoods.  A key implication is the need to strengthen governance to enable equitable decision making amidst competition that spans sectors and scales, building capacities for resilience, and for transformations in institutions that perpetuate poverty.  In this paper we provide a simple framework to analyze the governance context for aquatic agricultural system development focused on three dimensions: stakeholder representation, distribution of power, and mechanisms of accountability.  Case studies from Cambodia, Bangladesh, Malawi/Mozambique,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Accountability; Bangladesh; Cambodia; Civil society; Coastal zone management; Environmental governance; Livelihoods; Malawi; Mozambique; Power; Social-ecological resilience; Solomon Islands; Stakeholder representation; Wetlands.
Ano: 2013

Structure of the Northern Bay of Bengal offshore Bangladesh: Evidences from new multi-channel seismic data
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rangin, Claude; Sibuet, Jean-claude.
New multi-channel seismic data were acquired in the northern part of the Bay of Bengal and at the northernmost termination of the 90°E Indian Ridge offshore Bangladesh. This survey was coupled with a seismic refraction experiment indicating this offshore basin is here floored by a thinned (15 km thick) continental crust, injected by Mesozoic volcanism. This attenuated continental crust is interpreted as formed during Gondwana super-continent fragmentation during a syn-rift period. The dominant tectonic pattern is marked by NE-SW trending tilted blocks filled by syn-rift sediments clearly identified on seismic profiles. The uppermost part of this continental crust (3–4 km thick) shows a complex assemblage of dipping reflectors and west-facing tilted blocks...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bay of Bengal; Seismic analysis; Basin structure; Bangladesh.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00378/48974/49381.pdf

Mercury accumulation and speciation in Bangladesh marine fish
Provedor de dados: 27
Autores: Joiris, C.R.; Das, H.K.; Holsbeek, L.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Accumulation Mercury Speciation (biological) ISW; Bangladesh.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=6824

What makes exit from poverty: Investigation of smallholder women livestock farmers in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akter,   Shaheen; Farrington,   John.
Shaheen Akter and John Farrington..."What makes exit from poverty ....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Women and livestock; Livelihood Strategies; Asset-base Framework; Bangladesh; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; O1; O3; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51165

Use of household food insecurity scales for assessing poverty in Bangladesh and Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alcaraz V.,   Gabriela; Zeller,   Manfred.
An important dimension of poverty is access to food. Household food security implies access to the food needed for a healthy and productive life. Lack of access to and/or impaired utilization of food contribute to household food insecurity. This study compares the usefulness of a standardized food insecurity scale for determining the food insecurity status of rural and urban households in Bangladesh and Uganda, and for predicting poverty status. The analysis uses data from the IRIS Composite Survey Household Questionnaire (2004), which consists of 1,587 households (approximately 800 households in each country). The coping mechanisms adopted in the presence of food shortages represent the building blocks for the development of the scale (7 items). In order...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food insecurity scale; Poverty; Bangladesh; Uganda; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; I32; O11; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57164

Grameen Danone Foods Limited (GDF)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rodrigues,   Jonathan; Baker,   Gregory A.
The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review is published quarterly by IFAMA. www.ifama.org.  TEACHING NOTES available for instructors by contacting IFAMA.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Teaching case; Social entrepreneurship; Bangladesh; Yogurt; Dairy industry; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120862

Whether crop diversification is a desired strategy for agricultural growth in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rahman,   Sanzidur.
This study aimed at examining the merit of crop diversification as a strategy for agricultural growth in Bangladesh. Specifically, the existence of economies of diversification, scale economies and diversification efficiencies at the farm level were examined using a stochastic input-distance function approach. Results reveal strong evidence of diversification economies amongst most crop enterprises except the combination of modern rice and modern wheat enterprises. Ray economies of scale exist in Bangladeshi cropping system. Also, significant efficiency gains were made from diversification among cropping enterprises. The key policy implication is that crop diversification should be a desired strategy for agricultural growth in Bangladesh. Development of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Diversification economies; Diversification efficiencies; Stochastic input distance function; Crop diversification; Bangladesh; O33; Q18; C21.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36867

Assessing the Role of Microfinance in Fostering Adaptation to Climate Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Agrawala,   Shardul; Carraro,   Maelis.
Much of the current policy debate on adaptation to climate change has focussed on estimation of adaptation costs, ways to raise and to scale-up funding for adaptation, and the design of the international institutional architecture for adaptation financing. There is however little or no emphasis so far on actual delivery mechanisms to channel these resources at the sub-national level, particularly to target the poor who are also often the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. It is in this context that microfinance merits a closer look. This paper offers the first empirical assessment of the linkages between microfinance supported activities and adaptation to climate change. Specifically, the lending portfolios of the 22 leading microfinance...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Microfinance; Climate Change; Financing; Adaptation; Bangladesh; Nepal; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q56; Q54; R51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92709

Effects of Non-farm Employments on Poverty among Small Households in Developed Villages of Bangladesh: A Case of Comilla Sadar Upazila
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Malek,   Mohammad Abdul; Usami,   Koichi.
The study aims at estimating comprehensive effects of non-farm employments (NFEs) on poverty based on an intensive field survey conducted in 2008 on about 175 small landholding households in developed four villages of Comilla Sadar Upazila. We analyze participating factors of small household workers in NFEs and their effects on household production (farming and non-farm activities) and consumption (both food and non-food). For estimating consumption effects (poverty), we focus on food adequacy, income poverty and education poverty (as a part of human poverty). At each level of estimation, we depend on appropriate econometric regressions. Results find the significant positive role of overall NFEs on household NFAs rather faming. Remittance incomes do not...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Non-farm employments; Household economy; Production; Consumption; Income poverty; Education poverty; Bangladesh; Consumer/Household Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; J43; O15; Q12; Q17; R15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52811

Major Demographic Changes in Bangladesh and their Socio-economic Correlates: Analysis of Trends
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mohammad,   Hossain; Tisdell,   Clement A.
Catalogues the demographic changes in Bangladesh during the period 1975-2000 and examines how they relate to key socio-economic attributes.  Trends are examined in population growth, growth of the working age population, women’s workforce participation, age-dependency ratio, female-male ratio, longevity, fertility, mortality and mean age at first marriage.  Bangladesh has made significant breakthroughs in all these areas, a feat not matched by most other South Asian countries, but comparable with the South-East Asia region as whole.  The study isolates factors contributing to the changes in each attribute.  It assesses the correlation between Bangladesh’s demographic changes and selected socio-economic indicators namely, its per capita GDP, female labour...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Population growth; Growth of the working age population; Women’s workforce participation; Bangladesh; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/106950

Gender and Local Floodplain Management Institutions--A Case Study from Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sultana,   Parvin; Thompson,   Paul M.
Floodplain wetlands are the major common pool natural resource in Bangladesh. Mostly men fish, and both men and women collect aquatic plants and snails. Case studies contrast a women-only, men-only, and mixed community based organization (CBO), each of which manages a seasonal floodplain wetland. The two CBOs in which women hold key positions are in Hindu communities where more women use aquatic resources, work for an income, and belong to other local institutions. In the oldest of these CBOs, more women have gradually become office bearers as their recognition in the community has grown. In the Muslim community, only a few women collect aquatic resources and in this community most women do not perceive floodplain natural resource constraints to be very...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Floodplains; Fisheries; Community; Bangladesh; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42509

Maize-Rice Cropping Systems in Bangladesh: Status and Research Opportunities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ali,   M. Yusuf; Waddington,   Stephen R.; Hodson,   Dave P.; Timsina,   J.; Dixon,   John.
Responding to demand from expanding poultry feed markets, maize area in Bangladesh rose from only a few thousand hectares in the 1980s to more than 200,000 hectares in 2007-08. This publication describes the rise of maize in Bangladesh, emerging problems or risks, technology options for rice-maize systems, and future research and development needs. It also outlines the role of CIMMYT, through its Bangladesh office, in the establishment and promotion of maize, as well as the provision of germplasm and capacity building for researchers and farmers, in collaboration with the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), the Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), and diverse non-governmental organizations.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Maize; Rice; Cropping patterns and systems; Agricultural development; Planting date; Technology transfer; Yield increases; Bangladesh; Crop Production/Industries; F08; E10.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56106

Market Institutions: Enhancing the Value of Rural-Urban Links
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chowdhury,   Shyamal K.; Negassa,   Asfaw; Torero,   Maximo.
This paper examines how market institutions can affect links between urban and rural areas with specific emphasis on goods market integration in the national context. Traditionally, development researchers and practitioners have focused either on rural market development or on urban market development without considering the interdependencies and synergies between the two. However, more than ever before, emerging local and global patterns such as the modern food value-chain led by supermarkets and food processors, rapid urbanization, changes in dietary composition, and enhanced information and communication technologies point to the need to pay close attention to the role of markets both in linking rural areas with intermediate cities and market towns and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market; Institution; Value; Urban; Rural; Bangladesh; Ethiopia; Indonesia; Kenya; Peru; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59597

Farm Productivity and Efficiency in Rural Bangladesh: The Role of Education Revisited
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Asadullah,   M. Niaz; Rahman,   Sanzidur.
This paper reassesses the debate over the role of education in farm pro duction in Bangladesh using a large dataset on rice producing hous eholds from 141 villages. Average and stochastic production frontier functions are estimated to ascertain the effect of education on productivity and efficiency. A full set of proxies for farm education stock variables are incorporated to investigate the 'internal' as well as 'external' returns to education. The external effect is investigated in the context of rural neighborhoods. Our analysis reveals that in addition to raising rice productivity and boosting potential output, household education significantly reduces production inefficiencies. However, we are unable to find any evidence of externality benefit of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Returns to education; Stochastic production frontier; Bangladesh; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis; I21; Q12; N5.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25482

Impact of a Commodity Price Spike on Poverty Dynamics: Evidence from a Panel of Rural Households in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Balagtas,   Joseph Valdes; Bhandari,   Humnath; Mohanty,   Samarendu; Cabrera,   Ellanie; Hossain,   Mahabub.
In this paper we assess the effects of the dramatic rise in agricultural commodity prices during 2007-2008 on income dynamics and poverty among rural households in Bangladesh. We use data from a nationally representative longitudinal survey of rural households in Bangladesh collected in four waves in 1988, 2000, 2004, and 2008. Nargis and Hossain (2006) analysed income dynamics and poverty incidence for the first three waves, finding a declining trend in both the incidence and depth of poverty, aided by in particular by human capital development and the off-farm labor opportunities. Here we update the analysis to include data collected in 2008, at the height of the aforementioned spike in agricultural prices. We find that various measures of rural poverty...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Income; Commodity price spike; Rural households; Bangladesh; Panel data; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124225

Livestock based livelihoods and pathways out of poverty: the case of smallholder farmers in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akter,   Shaheen.
This paper evaluates livelihoods of smallholder livestock farmers who were beneficiaries of a poverty alleviation programme involving longer term intervention towards building the strength of stakeholders such as government department, NGOs, village organisations and women beneficiaries. Data are drawn from a survey of 400 women farmers in 2006 and 2008. These farmers have been the members of BRAC, a well known NGO in Bangladesh. Poverty profiles, transition matrices and regression analysis drawn from asset-base framework are used to analyze data. A number of key questions related to poverty transition through livestock based activities, heterogeneity in livelihood choice and its impact on household welfare, extent of poverty reduction using different...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Women and livestock; Livelihood Strategies; Asset-base Framework; Bangladesh; Food Security and Poverty; O1; O3; Q13; Q55.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108935

Giving credit to the microlenders. Formal microlending, credit constraints and adverse selection: a case study of shrimp farmers in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andersson,   Camilla I.M.; Holmgren,   Erik; MacGregor,   James; Stage,   Jesper.
Smallholder farmers have long been denied access to formal credit, largely because of the high administrative fees associated with loans. A possible solution to this problem, which has become increasingly popular, is the use of microcredit financing, where innovative means of securing the loans, such as peer monitoring, are used. This paper examines the effectiveness of formal microcredit schemes as compared to the traditional informal credit sources in a rural shrimp farming district of Bangladesh. We compare the two types of credit by studying the technical and allocative efficiencies of the two groups of borrowers. The findings suggest that farmers using both types of microcredit have difficulty accessing credit, often over-utilising labour in order to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics; Bangladesh; Shrimp Farming; Fisheries; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37921

Bangladesh's Performance and the Millennium Development Goals: A Sketch of Progress
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Provides a sketch of Bangladesh’s socio-economic performance in the light of the UN’s Millennium Development Goals.  After providing some background on these goals and on Bangladesh, this article considers trends in the incidence of poverty and hunger in Bangladesh, access to education and gender equality in Bangladesh, child mortality and maternal health, the incidence of important diseases in Bangladesh and Bangladesh’s progress in achieving environmental sustainability, particularly in relation to its use and development of its energy resources.  In addition, Bangladesh’s involvement in global partnerships providing financial and other assistance to it are considered.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Millennium Development Goals; Bangladesh; Poverty; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123454

Measuring Market Integration in the Presence of Threshold Effect: The Case of Bangladesh Rice Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alam,   Mohammad Jahangir; McKenzie,   Andrew M.; Buysse,   Jeroen; Begum,   Ismat Ara; Wailes,   Eric J.; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido.
Spatial price integration among five major Bangladesh rice markets is examined in the presence of threshold effects to account for the impact of transaction costs in the price adjustment process. Hansen and Seo (2002) threshold cointegration tests and threshold vector error correction models confirm the presence of threshold effects. Results highlight the importance of directing policy goals towards reducing transaction cost to engender greater pricing efficiency in Bangladesh rice markets.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market integration; Rice markets; Transaction cost; Bangladesh; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124435

How Accurate is Participatory Wealth Ranking (PWR) in Targeting the Poor? A Case Study from Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Feulefack,   Joseph; Neef,   Andreas.
PWR is a participatory poverty assessment method that uses the ratings of local reference groups concerning the relative poverty status of households in their community. This paper assesses the accuracy of PWR in predicting absolute (income) poverty, and compares PWR with three other poverty assessment methods. Using a village census in 8 villages located in three of the six divisions of Bangladesh, 1660 households have been scored using the PWR method. A randomly selected subsample of 320 households was interviewed with a questionnaire employing the Living Standard Measurement Survey (LSMS) method. The data allow the identification of households that have per-capita expenditures below the international poverty line of 1 dollar a day. Our results show that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Participatory wealth ranking; Poverty targeting; Bangladesh; LSM; Food Security and Poverty; I3; C8.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25237

Methods of concensus building for community based fisheries management in Bangladesh and the Mekong delta
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sultana,   Parvin; Thompson,   Paul M.
A method of consensus building for management of wetlands and fisheries using a systematic approach to participatory planning and initially developed in Bangladesh is now being applied in both Bangladesh and the Mekong delta. The method recognizes diversity in livelihoods and works through a structured learning and planning process that focuses on common interests. It works with each category of stakeholder separately to prioritize the natural resource problems that their livelihoods are largely dependent on, they then share and agree common priorities in plenary. Then the stakeholder groups separately analyze possible solutions and their impacts, before meeting in plenary to share their analysis and form a consensus on win-win solutions. The process...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Vietnam; Action research; Consensus building; Participatory process; Collective action; Social capital; Wetlands; Natural resource management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55445

Foodgrain Supply, Distribution, and Consumption Policies within a Duel Pricing Mechanism: a Case Study of Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Raisuddin.
Conflict between the short run welfare of poor consumers and agricultural production incentives creates some of the most difficult policy issues facing developing countries. Resulting policy option constraints are particularly severe in very low income countries. The conflict may on the one hand impede the growth in al production essential to improve long term welfare of low income consumers, and on the other hand restrain policies to increase consumption, which in the long run is essential to the success of the measures taken to increase production. The widely observed phenomenon of urban bias in food price policy is itself a product of the nature of low income societies and of this complex conflict.  This research by Raisuddin Ahmed delineates and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food supply; Bangladesh; Rice; Marketing; Prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42223

Food Security and Nutrition in Bangladesh: Progress and Determinants
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hossain,   Mahabub; Naher,   Firdousi; Shahabuddin,   Quazi.
For Bangladesh food security was synonymous with achieving self-sufficiency in rice production and stabilization in rice prices. The country has made good progress in increasing rice production through technological progress, facilitated by private sector investment in small scale irrigation. But, it is difficult to sustain the progress made in view of the growing pressure of population on scarce land resources. Domestic food grain production remains susceptible to floods and droughts thereby perpetuating the threat of major production shortfalls, inadequate food availability, and vulnerability from fluctuation in prices. The availability of other foods has not increased, and the progress in nutritional outcome has remained slow. Forty percent of the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Food security; Nutrition; Poverty; Safety nets; Natural disasters; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110131

A model to determine benefits obtainable from the management of riverine fisheries of Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Mahfuzuddin.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: River fisheries; Fishery management; Fishery economics; Economic models; Bangladesh; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44726

Food aid distribution in Bangladesh: leakage and operational performance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Akhter U.; Rashid,   Shahidur; Sharma,   Manohar P.; Zohir,   Sajjad.
Donors support a number of targeted food-based programs in Bangladesh that are widely credited with providing poor people access to food and improving their food security. However, inefficiency in the food distribution system may be hindering the realization of the full benefits of these programs. The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) conducted a comprehensive study of the efficiency of food distribution in food aid-supported programs in Bangladesh. The study has three components: (1) food discharge at harbors, (2) the public food distribution system, and (3) food distribution to program beneficiaries. The capacity and efficiency of the food distribution system was assessed from entry ports to targeted beneficiaries. The study identified...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food aid; Food distribution; Leakage; Bangladesh; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60392

Consumer preferences and demand for livestock products in urban Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Islam,   S.M. Fakhrul; Jabbar,   Mohammad A.
Also available in the ILRI Repository on Livestock Research at http://hdl.handle.net/10568/3009
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Demand; Quality; Safety; Livestock products; Bangladesh; Consumer/Household Economics; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97972

Does the Participation in the Microcredit Programs Contribute to the Development of Women Entrepreneurship at the Household Level? Experience from Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chowdhury,   M. Jahangir Alam.
Microfinance
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Microcredit; Women Entrepreneurship Development; Bangladesh; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46546

Poverty transition through targeted programme: the case of Bangladesh Poultry Model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akter,   Shaheen; Farrington,   John.
Poverty transition through a capacity development programme called the Bangladesh Poultry Model is assessed using self-assessment dimension in a quasi experiment framework. Current poverty situation is compared with money metric measure. The programme involves longer term intervention towards building the strength of stakeholders such as government department, NGOs, village organisations and women beneficiaries. A number of key questions related to poverty transition through poultry based activities, heterogeneity in livelihood choice and its impact on household welfare, extent of poverty reduction etc. are answered for policy recommendations. Data are drawn from a survey of 400 beneficiary households in 2006; about 50% of them are survivors in the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Poultry; Poverty; Asset-base Framework; O3; Q16.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36765

Credit for Alleviation of Rural Poverty: The Grameen Bank in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hossain,   Mahabub.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Grameen Bank; Rural poor; Bangladesh; Small business; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44445

Microfinance and Environment: Does the Participation in the Microcredit Based Social Forestry of Proshika in Bangladesh Improve Environmental Literacy?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chowdhury,   M. Jahangir Alam.
The study intends to assess the impact of the participation in the microcredit based social forestry program of Proshika in Bangladesh on the environmental literacy of participating households. The analysis is based on a household-level survey of 450 households. Considering the endogeneity in program participation, the instrumental variable (IV) technique has been used to achieve the objective of the paper. The results indicate that the participation in the social forestry program of Proshika significantly enhances the environmental literacy of participating households.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Microcredit; Social Forestry; Environmental Literacy; Proshika; Bangladesh.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47843

Corporate Governance in Developing Economies: Perspective from the Banking Sector in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reaz,   Mazrur; Arun,   Thankom G.
This paper highlights the corporate governance of financial institutions with particular reference to banking sector of Bangladesh. The importance of corporate governance of banks remains crucial given their contribution in economic growth through financial development. This paper has shed light on the structures of corporate governance of banks in Bangladesh involving their ownership structure, board issues, executive aspects, disclosure, and audit practices along with their associated weaknesses. The paper has also showed how political interference and failure by the regulators has contributed to the governance problems in the banks.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Banking; Financial Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30545

Developing Poverty Assessment Tools Based on Principal Component Analysis: Results from Bangladesh, Kazakhstan, Uganda, and Peru
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Houssou,   Nazaire; Alcaraz V.,   Gabriela; Schwarze,   Stefan; Johannsen,   Julia.
Developing accurate, yet operational poverty assessment tools to target the poorest households remains a challenge for applied policy research. This paper aims to develop poverty assessment tools for four countries: Bangladesh, Peru, Uganda, and Kazakhstan. The research applies the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to seek the best set of variables that predict the household poverty status using easily measurable socio-economic indicators. Out of sample validations tests are performed to assess the prediction power of a tool. Finally, the PCA results are compared with those obtained from regressions models. In-sample estimation results suggest that the Quantile regression technique is the first best method in all four countries, except Kazakhstan. The PCA...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty assessment; Targeting; Principal component analysis; Bangladesh; Peru; Kazakhstan; Uganda; Food Security and Poverty; H5; Q14; I3.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25396

Trade Liberalisation and Poverty in Bangladesh: A General Equilibrium Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nahar,   Bodrun; Siriwardana,   Mahinda.
This paper uses a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to investigate the impact on poverty of trade liberalisation in Bangladesh. The simulation results show that the complete removal of tariffs favours export oriented sectors in the economy. With trade liberalisation, rural and urban areas experience an overall reduction in poverty in the short run. However, a marginal increase in the poverty gap and poverty severity for urban areas is projected, implying that the poor become poorer in urban areas. Moreover, poverty incidences vary among various socio-economic groups. In the short run, poverty incidence increases for rural landless and urban illiterate and low-educated household groups. In contrast, the long run results highlight that trade...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trade Liberalisation; Poverty; Bangladesh; Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model.; International Relations/Trade; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47629

Will Bangladesh's Economic Growth Solve its Environmental Problems?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Bangladesh has experienced rising GDP and rising per capita incomes now for at least three decades. This article considers whether its continuing economic growth is likely to solve its environmental problems. In doing so, it critically considers the application to Bangladesh of Environmental Kuznets Curve relationships and applies other macro-methods of assessing the relationship between economic growth and the environment to Bangladesh’s situation. The consequences of Bangladesh’s economic reforms for the economic welfare of Bangladeshis and the state of Bangladesh’s environment are also examined. Particular attention is given to environmental change in agriculture in the light of Bangladesh’ economic growth, reforms and proposed growth strategy. Doubts...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Economic Growth; Environmental Sustainability; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48740

Does the Participation in the Microcredit Programs Increase Consumption of Participating Households? The Case of the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chowdhury,   M. Jahangir Alam.
This paper assesses empirically the impact of the participation in the microcredit program of the Grameen Bank on consumption of participating households.  A household level survey was carried out for collecting data (N=521). The results of the empirical estimations indicate that the participation of a household in the microcredit program of the Grameen Bank increases consumption of participating households significantly. But there is non-linearity in the increasing trend in consumption of participating households. The consumption level goes up gradually with the increase in the membership duration up to five years of membership, but the growth rate starts declining after that period of membership.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Microcredit; Consumption; Impact Assessment; Grameen Bank; Bangladesh; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46545

A Review of Milk Production in Bangladesh with Particular Emphasis on Small-Scale Producers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hemme,   Torsten; Garcia,   Otto; Khan,   A.R.
The purpose of the study is to assess the economics of dairy farming in Bangladesh and the prospects for improving the dairy income for small-scale producers, which currently form the backbone of the dairy industry.  The document begins with a general overview of milk production in the country, followed by a detailed study of dairy farming in the in the northern district of Sirajganj. The study applies a method of farm-level economic analysis developed by the International Farm Comparison Network (IFCN) which is based on the concept of ‘'typical farms’'. Three farm types were identified as ‘'typical'’ in the district and were subjected to detailed analysis: A two cow farm with 0.4 ha of land, a ten cow farm with 1.6 ha of land and a 25 cow farm with 1.8 ha...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Costs of production; Bangladesh; Milk; Policy; Poverty reduction; Small scale dairy; Typical farms; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23774

Determinants of Participation in a Catastrophe Insurance Programme: Empirical Evidence from a Developing Country
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akter,   Sonia; Brouwer,   Roy; Chowdhury,   Saria; Aziz,   Salina.
The paper presents empirical evidence of the determinants of catastrophe insurance participation in one of the poorest and most disaster prone countries in the world. In a large-scale household survey carried out in 2006 we ask 3,000 residents in six different districts in Bangladesh facing various environmental risk exposure levels about their willingness to participate in a catastrophe insurance programme. Combining factors put forward in risk theory and economics, we estimate a model of insurance participation. We show that the household decision to participate in the insurance programme differs depending on both exogenous and endogenous risk exposure levels. As predicted by micro-economic theory, ability to pay, measured in terms of household income...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Natural disasters; Catastrophe; Insurance; Participation; Risk; Bangladesh; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5984

Market-Oriented Reforms in Bangladesh and their Impact on Poverty?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.; Alauddin,   Mohammad.
After providing some general background on developments in Bangladesh’s economy, the article indicates the nature of international political pressures, as represented by the Washington consensus, put on Bangladesh to adopt market-oriented reforms. The sequencing and pattern of Bangladesh’s market reforms and their consequences for its external balance are then examined. Particular attention is given to the fact that its macroeconomic reforms preceded its microeconomic ones. The impacts of Bangladesh’s market reforms on the incidence of poverty can be seen as part of the general question of the effects of these reforms on social welfare. The Human Development Index (HDI) for Bangladesh is considered in this context. Poverty may be measured in different...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Human Development Index (HDI); Human Poverty Index (HPI); Washington Concensus; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90521

Tracing the Poverty Impact of Market Reforms in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alam,   Mohammad Jahangir; Bhuiyan,   Nazmul; Begum,   Ismat Ara; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido.
The paper analyse the impact of market reforms on poverty in Bangladesh. To estimate the poverty impact at household level, a binary logit model has been estimated with two latest waves of  household income and expenditure data from Bangladesh. The results show that a significant improvement has been made in reducing poverty in the recent decades. As a net importing country, liberalization might has direct impact on household’s real income through the changes of real rice prices. The results also show that net rice buyer households are poorer than net rice sellers. So, decreased rice prices in domestic markets induced by liberalization have benefited the net rice buyers in Bangladesh, hence poverty declines.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market reforms; Poverty; Bangladesh; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123758

Gender and Poverty: New Evidence from 10 Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; Haddad,   Lawrence James; Pena,   Christine.
This paper presents new evidence on the association between gender and poverty based on an empirical analysis of 11 data sets from 10 developing countries. The paper computes income- and expenditure-based poverty measures and investigates their sensitivity to the use of per capita and per adult equivalent units. It also tests for differences in poverty incidence between individuals in male- and female-headed households using stochastic dominance analysis. Stochastic dominance analysis reveals that differences between male- and female-headed households among the very poor are not sufficiently large that one can conclude that one is unambiguously worse- or better-off, except for a few exceptions. When we use the method of endogenous bounds, persons in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Gender; Household resource allocation; Households; Poverty; Rural population; Developing Countries; Ghana; Bangladesh; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97310

CONSUMPTION INSURANCE AND VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY: A SYNTHESIS OF THE EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESH, ETHIOPIA, MALI, MEXICO, AND RUSSIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skoufias,   Emmanuel; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.
This paper synthesizes the results of five studies using household panel data from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Mali, Mexico and Russia, which examine the extent to which households are able through formal and/or informal arrangements to insure their consumption from specific economic shocks and fluctuations in their real income. Building on the recent literature of consumption smoothing and risk sharing, the degree of consumption insurance is defined by the degree to which the growth rate of household consumption covaries with the growth rate of household income. All the cases studies show that food consumption is better insured than nonfood consumption from idiosyncratic shocks. Adjustments in nonfood consumption appear to act as a mechanism for partially...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Consumption; Ethiopia; Income; Mali; Mexico; Poverty; Risk-sharing; Russia; Vulnerability; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16424

Is Greater Decisionmaking Power of Women Associated With Reduced Gender Discrimination in South Asia?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Lisa C.; Byron,   Elizabeth.
Recent research has shown that improving women’s decisionmaking power relative to men’s within households leads to improvements in a variety of well-being outcomes for children. In South Asia, where the influence of women’s power is particularly strong, these outcomes include children’s nutritional status and the quality of feeding and health care practices. Focusing on nutritional status, this paper presents the results of a study investigating whether increases in women’s power have a stronger positive influence on the nutritional status of their daughters than their sons. If so, then increasing women’s power not only improves the well-being of children as a group, but also serves as a force to reduce long-standing discrimination that undermines female...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Gender discrimination; Nutritional status; Bangladesh; India; Nepal; Pakistan; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59285

Does Workforce Participation Empower Women? Micro-Level Evidence from Urban Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hossain,   Mohammad; Tisdell,   Clement A.
Empirical studies on the impact of women’s paid jobs on their empowerment and welfare in the Bangladesh context are rare. The few studies on the issue to date have all been confined to the garment workers only although studies indicate that women’s workforce participation in Bangladesh has increased across-the-board. Besides, none of these studies has made an attempt to control for the non-working women and/or applied any statistical technique to control for the effects of other pertinent determinants of women’s empowerment and welfare such as education, age, religion and place of living. This study overcomes these drawbacks and presents alternative assessments of the link between women’s workforce participation and empowerment on the basis of survey data...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Women; Empowerment; Bangladesh; Welfare; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123451

PROFIT EFFICIENCY AMONG BANGLADESHI RICE FARMERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rahman,   Sanzidur.
Production inefficiency is usually analysed by its two components - technical efficiency and allocative efficiency. In this study we provide a direct measure of production efficiency of the Bangladeshi rice farmers using a stochastic profit frontier and inefficiency effects model. The data, which is for 1996, includes seven conventional inputs and several other background factors affecting production of modern or high yielding varieties (HYVs) of rice spread across 21 villages in three agro-ecological regions of Bangladesh. The results show that there are high levels of inefficiency in modern rice cultivation. The mean level of profit efficiency is 77% suggesting that an estimated 23% of the profit is lost due to a combination of both technical and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Stochastic profit frontier; Profit efficiency; Bangladesh; Crop Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; O33; Q18; And C21.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25898

Technical Efficiency in Bangladesh Rice Production: Are There Threshold Effects in Farm Size?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adachi,   Kenji; del Ninno,   Carlo; Liu,   Donald J.
Replaced with revised version of poster 07/21/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Data Envelopment Analysis; Threshold Estimation; Technical efficiency; Total factor productivity; Rice; Farm size; Bangladesh; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61357

Closing the Gender Gap in Bangladesh: Inequality in Education, Employment and Earnings
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mohammad,   Hossain; Tisdell,   Clement A.
Assesses the status of women in Bangladesh by analysing the dynamics of female participation in labour force and education as well as gender earnings differentials at the macro level. The study finds evidence of growing commercialisation of women’s work in Bangladesh.  Although the bulk of the female labour force is engaged in self-employment activities in the rural area or in low-skilled textile and readymade garment industries in the urban area, women’s participation in high-skill and entrepreneurial jobs as well as various decision-making bodies is also on the rise.  While the gender wage differentials have been considerably reduced in many industries, in general women tend to be paid less than men.  There have been remarkable improvements in women’s...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Women’s empowerment; Female labour force participation; Female education; Gender wage differentials; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; J16; J21; J82.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/106948

Impact of Trade Liberalization and World Price Changes in Bangladesh: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alam,   Mohammad Jahangir; Buysse,   Jeroen; Begum,   Ismat Ara; Nolte,   Stephan; Wailes,   Eric J.; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido.
The paper analyzes the impact of trade liberalization and changes in world prices of agricultural commodities in Bangladesh using single country CGE model. Since the agricultural sector is sensitive to overall employment, household welfare and food security, the analysis focuses on the changes in agricultural production, consumption, household income and welfare. The results show that trade liberalization increases the welfare of all household groups while world market price increases decrease welfare. It means that although trade liberalization generates a welfare increase for households but this is dependent on the relative level of world commodity prices. Our results are based on the analysis of aggregate household groups, so it may be of future...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Static; CGE; Trade policy; World prices; Agricultural commodities; Bangladesh; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123724

Repayment Performance in Group-based Credit Programs in Bangladesh: An Empirical Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sharma,   Manohar P.; Zeller,   Manfred.
This paper analyzes the repayment rates of credit groups belonging to three group-based credit programs in Bangladesh: the Association for Social Advancement (ASA), the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC), and the Rangpur Dinajpur Rural Service (RDRS). Hypotheses are drawn from economic theory relating group responsibility, and the resulting monitoring by peers, to a more effective enforcement of contractual obligations as well as to improved ability of the group as a whole to repay loans. Specific tests are performed on the following hypothesized determinants: group size, size of loans, degree of loan rationing, enterprise mix within groups, demographic characteristics, social ties and status, and occurrence of idiosyncratic shocks. Analysis is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Credit; Research; Methodology; Bangladesh; Financial Economics.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97302

Access to Microfinance: Does it Matter for Profit Efficiency Among Small Scale Rice Farmers in Bangladesh?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sumelius,   John; Islam,   K.M. Zahidul; Sipilainen,   Timo.
This paper measures profit efficiency and examines the effect of access to microfinance on the performance of rice firms in Bangladesh. An extended Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier profit function was used to assess profit efficiency and profit loss of rice farmers in Bangladesh in a survey data of 360 farms throughout the 2008-2009 growing seasons. Model diagnostics reveal that serious selection bias exists that justifies the uses of sample selection model in stochastic frontier models. After effectively correcting for selectivity bias, the mean profit efficiency of the microfinance borrowers and non-borrowers were estimated at 68% and 52% respectively, thereby suggesting that a considerable share of profits were lost due to profit inefficiencies in rice...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Stochastic frontier function; Profit efficiency; Selection bias; Bangladesh; Microfinance; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116067

IMPACTS OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ON POVERTY: FINDINGS OF AN INTEGRATED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; Adato,   Michelle; Haddad,   Lawrence James; Hazell,   Peter B.R.
The extent to which agricultural research has reduced poverty has become an increasing concern of policymakers, donors, and researchers. Until recently, poverty reduction was a secondary goal of agricultural research. The primary focus was on increasing food supplies and reducing food prices, a strategy that was successful in increasing the yields of important food staples. When increased productivity is combined with increased agricultural employment, lower food prices, and increased off-farm employment, agricultural research can be credited with significant reductions in rural poverty. However, these benefits do not necessarily materialize, and thus it is essential to understand how agricultural technologies influence and are influenced by the diverse...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Agricultural research; Sustainable livelihoods; Vulnerability; Agricultural extension; Bangladesh; China; India; Mexico; Kenya; Zimbabwe; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16088

A method to identify and evaluate the legal and institutional framework for the management of water and land in Asia: the outcome of a study in Southeast Asia and  the People’s Republic of China.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hannam,   Ian.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water management; Land management; Legal aspects; Environmental policy; China; Laos; Bangladesh; Philippines; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52970

Demand for High-value Secondary Crops in Developing Countries: The Case of Potatoes in Bangladesh and Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bouis,   Howarth E.; Scott,   Gregory.
Secondary crops are of increasing interest to policymakers and planners in developing countries because of a desire to diversify economic activities and because of their proven potential to raise farm incomes and rural employment. To assess this potential, basic information on the demand characteristics for these crops is required. But, given the large number of possible crops to be studied, policy analysts require an estimation procedure that is less data-intensive and time-intensive than standard econometric estimation procedures. In this paper, a relatively new, low-cost procedure, based on demand for food characteristics, is applied, illustrating its usefulness for analysis of demand for potatoes in Bangladesh and Pakistan. In Asia, the potato should...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics; Methodology; Pakistan; Potatoes; Economic aspects; Crop diversification; Price Maintenance; Asia; Bangladesh; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97300

FOOD SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: INITIATIVES OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, WEST INDIES, PHILIPPINES AND BANGLADESH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Badrie,   Neela; De Leon,   Sonia Y.; Talukder,   Md. Ruhul Amin.
Protecting human health in today's global food market is an important challenge and one which must be addressed through internationally recognized food safety systems. The overall responsibility for food safety is shared by all segments of the food system, including the various industry sectors, government regulatory agencies and consumers in general.  Any threat to the food supply, whether by intentional or unintentional contamination could result in danger to health, considerable cost to food chain suppliers and could also affect trade.  This paper will highlight some food safety management initiatives of three countries -- Trinidad and Tobago; the Philippines, and Bangladesh in protecting the food supply from hazards. The initiatives of some...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food safety management systems; Food safety regulations; HACCP; Trinidad and Tobago; Bangladesh; Philippines; Good Agricultural Practice (GAP); Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP); Food Safety Legislations; CAES; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36953

Credit for Alleviation of Rural Poverty: The Grameen Bank in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hossain,   Mahabub.
There is a growing recognition that institutional credit plays an important role in the modernization of agriculture through technological change. It is clear that as those processes of modernization occur, incomes rise and expenditures on locally produced goods and services expand in such a manner as to increase the demand for labor and labor-intensive entrepreneurial activities. The question then arises as to what extent institutional credit can be offered to very poor people to facilitate their taking direct advantage of the developing entrepreneurial activities. Perhaps the most widely admired effort to answer this question is that of the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh. One of the commendable features of the Grameen Bank is its desire to have its...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Grameen Bank; Rural poor; Bangladesh; Small business; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42590

REGIONAL PRODUCTIVITY DIFFERENCES AND PROSPECT FOR CONVERGENCE IN BANGLADESH AGRICULTURE, 1964-1992
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rahman,   Sanzidur.
This paper applies the sequential Malmquist index to calculate multi lateral, multi-factor productivity (MFP) indices for agriculture in 16 regions of Bangladesh from 1964 to 1992 and examines convergence among regions. Productivity grew at an average rate of 2.2% per annum, led by regions with high level of Green Revolution technology diffusion. The growth mainly occurred due to technological progress estimated at 2.1% per year. Overall technical efficiency declined slightly at 0.1% per year due to falling technical efficiency in most of the regions in later years. Both cross-section and time series tests confirmed that divergence among regions disappeared and agricultural productivity reached convergence in the long run.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; Regional variations; Convergence; Bangladesh; Productivity Analysis; O4; Q1.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20047

Rice Price Fluctuation and an Approach to Price Stabilization in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Raisuddin,   Ahmed; Bernard,   Andrew.
Correction of the distorted structure of related prices and prevention of wide fluctuations in the level of commodity prices constitute twin challenges in agricultural price policies. While macroeconomic instruments are comprehensive sectoral analysis of prices relations, stock requirements, market integration, and various other factors that destabilize supply and demand. IFPRI’s initial analyses of price stabilization were limited to the issue of optimal stock of foodgrains. Thomas Pinckney’s work on stock policies in Kenya and Pakistan and Raj Krishna and Ajay Chhibber’s research on India have demonstrated how optimal stock policies can save scarce public resources so urgently required for economic development. This research by Ahmed and Andrew Bernard...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Rice; Prices; Bangladesh; Government policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42170

Poverty transition through targeted programme: the case of Bangladesh Poultry Model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akter,   Shaheen; Farrington,   John.
Poverty transition through a capacity development programme called the Bangladesh Poultry Model is assessed using self-assessment dimension in a quasi experiment framework. Current poverty situation is compared with money metric measure.  The programme involves longer term intervention towards building the strength of stakeholders such as government department, NGOs, village organisations and women beneficiaries. A number of key questions related to poverty transition through poultry based activities, heterogeneity in livelihood choice and its impact on household welfare, extent of poverty reduction etc. are answered for policy recommendations. Data are drawn from a survey of 400 beneficiary households in 2006; about 50% of them are survivors in the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Poultry; Poverty; Asset-base Framework; O3; Q16.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42306

Input and Quality Controls: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis of Bangladesh’s Industrial Trawl Fishery
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chowdhury,   Nanzeen Kawshar; Kompas,   Tom; Kalirajan,   Kaliappa P.
This paper examines the effectiveness of different management tools, particularly input and quality controls on Bangladesh’s industrial trawl fishery. Results show that the efficiency of industrial trawl fishery comes from multiple owner managed vessels, export oriented vessels and registered vessels that are mainly engaged in double rigger trawling. Results also indicate that freezer vessels with small storage capacity, using small gear are relatively less efficient. This study shows that there is no depletion or reduction in marine fish stock over the period and shrimp vessels are technically more efficient than fish vessels.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Industrial trawl fishery; Input and quality control; Efficiency; Bangladesh; Production Economics; Q22; Q28.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58888

EVERYDAY FORMS OF COLLECTIVE ACTION IN BANGLADESH: Learning from Fifteen Cases
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Davis,   Peter; Haque,   Rafiqul; Hasin,   Dilara; Aziz,   Md. Abdul; Begum,   Anowara.
This paper examines fifteen cases of collective action in six villages in rural Bangladesh. Collective action was defined broadly and identified from significant episodes in previous life-history research in the same villages. The types of collective action identified were catalyzed by marriage; dowry and domestic violence; disputes over land; illness, injury and death in accidents; and theft and cheating. The role of development NGOs was less significant than would be expected considering their visibility in rural Bangladesh. The study suggests that ‘everyday forms’ (Scott 1985) of collective action often occur spontaneously and informally, with significant impact on peoples’ wellbeing, but with ambiguous outcomes for some poor people involved. This is a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Collective action; Disputes; Bangladesh; Social norms; Gender; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50894

Specific bioassays with selected plants of Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 98
Autores: Guerrero,Ricardo O; Mahmud,T; Khan,H; Casañas,Bárbara; Morales,Mara.
Summary Bangladesh is an Asian country where only 20 per cent of the people are provided with modern healthcare services while the rest 80 per cent are dependent on traditional plant-based systems. Moreover, it is estimated that only 500 medicinal plant species had been recorded in Bangladesh out of 1,900 species regarded as having medicinal value. Purpose: Sixteen collections of medicinal plants of different families were extracted with several solvents (Ethanol 95%, water, chloroform, ethyl ether). The resulting extracts were subjected to five different specific bioassays: 1. Brine shrimp lethality test; 2. Antioxidant activity; 3. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO); 4. Inhibition of ß-glucosidase, and 5. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Methods....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Plant extracts; Brine shrimp lethality test; Antioxidant activity; Xanthine oxidase inhibition; SS-glucosidase inhibition; Acetylcholinesterase inhibition.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1028-47962004000200009

Economic Parameter of Maize Sheller for Custom Hire Service in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Milufarzana, Milufarzana; Rahman, Anisur; Alam, Md. Monjurul; Ahmed, Md. Raju.
The main purpose of the study was to determine the economic parameters for developing a maize sheller custom hire entrepreneur and effective schedules for maize sheller operation. Secondary data from various sources and some essential data were collected from primary sources through survey were used in this study. Operating costs were calculated and project financial profitability was determined by farm financial measurement techniques namely, benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and break even use. The operating cost of maize sheller for shelling was found US$ 3.4 per hour or US$ 1.41 per ton. Based on the operating cost, annual savings for replacement and a profit margin for the entrepreneur, the rent-out charge of the maize sheller is estimated as US$ 8.15 per hour...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Farm Machinery maize sheller operating cost; Economic parameter; Maize sheller entrepreneur; Bangladesh.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3205

Case study about field trial responses of the zero energy storage system
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Islam, M. P.; Morimoto, T.; Hatou, K.; Hassan, L.; Awal, M. A.; Hossain, S. T.
A low cost ‘Zero Energy Cool Chamber (ZECC)’ has been developed for storing fruits and vegetables by usingpassive evaporative mechanism. This paper presents the results of a survey on the farmer’s opinion regarding the exploitationof zero energy storage system. This survey was conducted at Mymensingh district of Bangladesh from 2011 to 2012 and italso revealed that most of the farmers sell their produce to the middlemen just after the harvest. Lack of transportation facility, shortage of energy supply and lack of investment on storage, lower price of vegetables during the harvesting season, farmers in the rural areas often sell their products to the middleman or in the local market at low prices. They are not even able to get the return of invested money...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural produces; Storage; Farmer’s perception; Quality; Benefit; Bangladesh.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2534

Potential of Peatlands in Bangladesh and Sustainable Management Strategy
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Ali, Md. Rostom.
Peat is an unconsolidated deposit of semi-carbonized plant matter. Peat is usually found in water-saturated environments and has certainly high moisture content. Haors are peat-dominated areas in Bangladesh, which hold the largest peat reserves of the country. Peat is one of the most important mineral resources worldwide. For the utilization of peat similar to other countries, it is necessary to know its energy and fertility potential and develop a sustainable management strategy for peatlands in Bangladesh. This study mainly focused on the heating and fertility potentials of peat in Bangladesh and on strategies to sustainably manage these peatlands. This study was carried out in the haor-based Katiadi and Mohanganj upazilas in the Kishoreganj and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Haor; Peat; Heating potential; Organic fertilizer; Peatland management; Bangladesh.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/6017

Stress tolerant virulent strains of Cronobacter sakazakii from food
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Fakruddin,Md; Rahaman,Mizanur; Ahmed,Monzur Morshed; Hoque,Md Mahfuzul.
BACKGROUND: Cronobacter sakazakii is considered as an emerging foodborne pathogen. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize virulent strains of Cronobacter sakazakii from food samples of Bangladesh. RESULT: Six (6) Cronobacter sakazakii was isolated and identified from 54 food samples on the basis of biochemical characteristics, sugar fermentation, SDS-PAGE of whole cell protein, plasmid profile and PCR of Cronobacter spp. specific genes (esak, gluA, zpx, ompA, ERIC, BOX-AIR) and sequencing. These strains were found to have moderately high antibiotic resistance against common antibiotics and some are ESBL producer. Most of the C. sakazakii isolates were capable of producing biofilm (strong biofilm producer), extracellular protease and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cronobacter; Food; Virulent; Bangladesh.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602014000100057

Sexual behavior and sexually transmitted diseases in street-based female sex workers in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Mondal,Nazrul Islam; Hossain,Kamal; Islam,Rafiqul; Mian,Abul Bashar.
We analyzed the sexual behavior and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) of street-based female sex workers (SFSWs) of Rajshahi city and examined their socio-demographic profiles. Among the SFSWs attending three drop-in centers (DIC) named PIACT, PROVA, and Suraksha Madhumita in Rajshahi, 150 self-motivated and willing individuals were interviewed through a structured questionnaire to obtain obstetric histories and socio-demographic information. Among these SFSWs, 56.7% were infected with two or more pathogens of STDs, with gonorrhea, chlamydia, herpes, syphilis, and trichomoniasis observed in 23.3, 27.3, 24.0, 17.3, and 20.0%, respectively. We found a strong association between the prevalence of STDs among SFSWs and their socio-demographic profiles....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sexual behaviors; HIV/AIDS; STDs; SFSWs; Bangladesh.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000400006