Consulta: subjectFacets:"Bioassay"
Registros recuperados: 57
Data/hora: 03/06/2024 19:02:55

Effect of temperature changes on the cercarial-shedding rate of two trematodes
Provedor de dados: Iheringia Série Zoologia
Autores: Achiorno,Cecilia L.; Martorelli,Sergio R.
ABSTRACT Since temperature is a key condition in the initiation of cercarial emergence, the objective of the work reported here was to evaluate the effect of that variable on the shedding of two morphologic and taxonomic types of cercariae. Bioassays were accordingly performed with snails naturally infected with either monostome or pleurolophocercous cercariae because those two cercarial types were found to be the most prevalent in the environment under study. The snails were placed in 6-ml circular plastic dishes with soft plastic stoppers containing 3 ml of reconstituted water and then sequentially exposed for 24 h to a 14:10-h light:dark cycle at 20, 25, or 30 °C. The data were analyzed at a significance level of p &lt;0.05 by means of the InfoStat...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Parasites; Cercarial emergence; Freshwater; Temperature; Bioassay.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212016000100220

Evaluation du potentiel nutritif des eaux de la baie de Vilaine pendant l'été 1987
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Dean, Loic; Truquet, Philippe; Lassus, Patrick.
The growth potential study of waters of the Vilaine bay was realized from march to september 1987 and for three sampling stations. The growth of depleted test cells of Skeletonema costatum was estimated and compared from existing nutrients pools for aIl water samples. As a first result it appears that inorganic nitrogen could stimulate the growth during spring while no clear relationship is observed between the algal growth and other hydrological parameters during spring or summer periods. Nevertheless these first results need further corroboration.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Potentiel nutritif; Baie de Vilaine; Skeletonema costatum; Test biologique; Growth potential; Vilaine Bay; S. costatum; Bioassay.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00139/25037/23146.pdf

Limiting nutrients of oyster pond seawater in the Marennes-Oleron region for Haslea ostrearia : applications to the mass production of the diatom in mesocosom experiments
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Turpin, Vincent; Robert, Jean-michel; Goulletquer, Philippe.
Bioassays were carried out with the 'blue diatom' Haslea ostrearia Simonsen, which is responsible for oyster greening during the fattening period of Crassostrea gigas Thunberg in oyster ponds. Samples of seawater were taken from two oyster ponds: one without oysters and the other with 20 oysters per m_, maximal density allowed by the French AFNOR norm for 'refinement'. The aims were to clarify the nutrient requirements of this diatom, also to elucidate the eventual influence of C. gigas at this density on the seawater fertility and to envisage the mass production of this diatom by pond fertilization. Examination of cell numeric densities at the end of bioassays allows us to conclude that silicate was the first limiting nutrient, closely followed by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron; Oyster ponds; Mesocosm experiment; Bioassay; Haslea ostrearia; Bacillariophyceae; Limiting nutrients; Marennes Oléron; Claires à huîtres; Expérience en mésocosmes; Bioessai; Haslea ostrearia; Bacillariophyceae; Nutriments limitants.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/publication-3096.pdf

Measuring the biological impact of drilling waste on the deep seafloor: an experimental challenge
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Lelchat, F.; Dussauze, M.; Lemaire, P; Theron, M.; Toffin, Laurent; Le Floch, Stephane.
The depletion of traditional oil fields is driving the oil &amp; gas industry to explore new exploitation sites previously considered as unprofitable. Deep-sea oil fields represent one of these new areas of exploitation. Well drilling during exploration and production operations generate large quantities of drilling waste whose biological impact on the deep-sea floor remains largely unknown. Because of the harsh abiotic factors characterizing this environment, the evaluation of this impact remains challenging. High hydrostatic pressure is the prominent factor which will affect in-situ biological processes. This review will examine the feedback on the various strategies used to evaluate the biological impact of deep-sea drilling waste deposition as well as...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Drill cutting; Drilling waste; Ecotoxicology; Bioassay; Hydrostatic pressure; Deep-sea; Environmental assessment.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00603/71561/69988.pdf

A rapid quantitative fluorescence-based bioassay to study allelochemical interactions from Alexandrium minutum
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Long, Marc; Tallec, Kevin; Soudant, Philippe; Lambert, Christophe; Le Grand, Fabienne; Sarthou, Geraldine; Jolley, Dianne; Hegaret, Helene.
Harmful microalgal blooms are a threat to aquatic organisms, ecosystems and human health. Toxic dinoflagellates of the genus Alexandrium are known to produce paralytic shellfish toxins and to release bioactive extracellular compounds (BECs) with potent cytotoxic, hemolytic, ichtyotoxic and allelopathic activity. Negative allelochemical interactions refer to the chemicals that are released by the genus Alexandrium and that induce adverse effects on the physiology of co-occurring protists and predators. Releasing BECs gives the donor a competitive advantage that may help to form dense toxic blooms of phytoplankton. However BECs released by Alexandrium minutum are uncharacterized and it is impossible to quantify them using classical chemical methods....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Harmful algal bloom; Alexandrium; Allelopathy; Cytotoxicity; PAM fluorometry; Bioassay.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00453/56424/58116.pdf

Effects of dissolved mercury on embryogenesis, survival, growth and metamorphosis of Crassostrea gigas oyster larvae
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Beiras, Ricardo; His, Edouard.
The effects of mercury (Hg) concentrations ranging from 0 (control) to 1024 µg 1-1 upon embryogenesis, survival, growth and metamorphosis of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) oyster larvae were investigated. Embryogenesis was abnormal in 50 % of the individuals at 11 µg 1-1 . The 48 h LD50 for D·shaped, umbonate and pediveliger larvae were 33, 115 and 200 µg 1-1 respectively. The increase in LD50 was partially explained by the larval weight increase, although weight-specific tolerance to Hg was higher in smaller larvae. Growth, the most sensitive physiological process studied, was significantly retarded at 4 µg 1-1. The metamorphosis rate was significantly reduced when competent pediveligers were exposed to 64 µg 1-1 for 48 h prior to the addition of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mercury; Oyster; Larvae; Embryo; Bioassay; Ecotoxicology; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00037/14867/12191.pdf

Mytilus galloprovincialis as bioindicator in embryotoxicity testing to evaluate sediment quality in the lagoon of Venice (Italy)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Annamaria, V; Chiara, L; Alessandra, A; Alvise, B; His, Edouard; Francesco, G.
The possibility of using Mytilus galloprovincialis from natural populations of the lagoon of Venice in toxicity bioassays based on embryo development, according to international standard methods, was investigated. In order to valuate this method for the lagoon, iterative steps including evaluation of reproducibility, sensitivity and discriminatory capacity towards some pure substances and environmental samples were performed. Evaluation of sensitivity towards a reference toxicant (copper) evidenced good replicability and repeatability. Results showed that natural population is better than hatchery population for performing bioassays. Evaluation of applicability to elutriates revealed that the method is able to discriminate among sediments of the lagoon of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Elutriates; Autochthonous population; Reproducibility; Bioassay.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-4200.pdf

A method to assess algicidal activity of microalgal extracts coupling microalgae produced in stirred closed photobioreactor operating in continuous with pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Menguy, Eva; Dumontet, Vincent; Coulombier, Noémie; Meriot, Vincent; Le Dean, Loic; Barthelemy, Vanille; Jauffrais, Thierry.
We describe in the present study a quick and reliable method based on chlorophyll a fluorescence to assess putative algicidal effect of different microalgal extracts. We couple microalgal production under chemostat cultivation mode to continuously produce a given microalgae species (e.g. Dunaliella salina in this study) at a stable physiological state to ease comparison between extracts tested; with a non-destructive method based on chlorophyll a fluorescence. Pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry was used to assess over time the effect of different microalgal crude extracts on the efficiency of the photosystem II (PSII) of a tested microalgae (Dunaliella salina). • Microalgal production at stationary phase in stirred closed photobioreactor (PBR)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bioassay; Cytoxicity; Microalgae; Quantum efficiency; Fv/Fm; Non photochemical quenching; NPQ; Electron transport rate; Phytochemistry; Anti algal.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00643/75524/76400.pdf

Effects of dissolved mercury on embryogenesis, survival and growth of Mytilus galloprovincialis mussel larvae
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Beiras, R; His, Edouard.
The effects of Hg concentrations ranging from 0 (control) to 1024 mu g l(-1) upon embryogenesis, survival and growth of Mytilus galloprovincialis mussel larvae were investigated. Embryogenesis was abnormal in 50% of the individuals at 10 mu g l(-1). The 48 h LC(50) for D-shaped, early umbonate, late umbonate and eyed larvae were 51, 164, 322 and 383 pg l(-1) respectively. The LC(50) was an allometric function of ash-free dry weight with exponent b = 0.60. Larval growth was significantly reduced after 6 d exposure to 4 mu g Hg l(-1) and after 10 d exposure to 2 mu g l(-1). No significant differences in lethal or sublethal sensitivity to Hg were found between M. galloprovincialis and previously studied Crassostrea gigas embryos and larvae. The implications...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mercury; Mytilus; Mussel; Larva; Growth; Embryo; Bioassay; Ecotoxicology.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00258/36946/35665.pdf

Exploring the chemodiversity of tropical microalgae for the discovery of natural antifouling compounds
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Réveillon, Damien; Tunin-ley, Alina; Grondin, Isabelle; Othmani, Ahlem; Zubia, Mayalen; Bunet, Robert; Turquet, Jean; Culioli, Gérald; Briand, Jean-françois.
Marine microalgae and cyanobacteria have largely been studied for their biotechnological potential and proved their ability to produce a wide array of bioactive molecules. We investigated the antifouling potential of unexplored benthic tropical microalgae using anti-adhesion and toxicity bioassays against two major micro- and ma crobiofoulers, namely bacteria and barnacles. Fifty strains belonging to six phyla [Cyanobacteria, Miozoa (Dinoflagellata), Bacillariophyta, Cryptophyta, Rhodophyta and Haptophyta] were isolated from southwestern Islands of the Indian Ocean. They were chosen in order to represent as much as possible the huge biodiversity of such a rich tropical ecosystem. The associated chemodiversity was highlighted by both NMR- and LC-MS-based...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microalgae; Antifouling; Bioassay; Chemodiversity; Bioprospecting; Metabolomics.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00454/56608/58333.pdf

Eléments nutritifs limitant la biomasse phytoplanctonique d'une lagune tropicale de Côte d'Ivoire. Comparaison des méthodes d'estimation
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Dufour, P.; Cremoux, Jl.; Slepoukha, M.
"In vitro" enrichment experiments on natural populations have been used to determine the nutrients controlling the potential biomass of phytoplancton in the Ebrié coastal lagoon. The limiting nutrients were generally nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon, in this order ; in three cases out of eleven, P and N act simultaneously ; in an extreme eutrophication case, N, P and C were all limiting. No effect was observed following addition of metals, vitamins or chelators. The limitations deduced from the enrichment experiments show a. good agreement with the elementary composition of the external medium ; in waters potentially limited by N alone, the dissolved inorganic nutrients have a N : P ratio lower than 25. The agreement is poorer when the sestonic N : P ratio...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Lagune; Estuaire; Zone tropicale; Phytoplancton; Biomasse; Eléments limitants; Tests biologiques; Composition chimique; Coastal lagoon; Estuary tropical zone; Phytoplankton; Biomass; Limiting nutrients; Bioassay; Chemlcal composition.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00306/41689/40898.pdf

Integrated indicator framework and methodology for monitoring and assessment of hazardous substances and their effects in the marine environment
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Vethaak, A. Dick; Davies, Ian M.; Thain, John E.; Gubbins, Matthew J.; Martinez-gomez, Concepcion; Robinson, Craig D.; Moffat, Colin F.; Burgeot, Thierry; Maes, Thomas; Wosniok, Werner; Giltrap, Michelle; Lang, Thomas; Hylland, Ketil.
Many maritime countries in Europe have implemented marine environmental monitoring programmes which include the measurement of chemical contaminants and related biological effects. How best to integrate data obtained in these two types of monitoring into meaningful assessments has been the subject of recent efforts by the International Council for Exploration of the Sea (ICES) Expert Groups. Work within these groups has concentrated on defining a core set of chemical and biological endpoints that can be used across maritime areas, defining confounding factors, supporting parameters and protocols for measurement. The framework comprised markers for concentrations of, exposure to and effects from, contaminants. Most importantly, assessment criteria for...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Chemical measurements; Biomarker; Bioassay; Pollution effects; Biomonitoring; Environmental; Impact; MSFD; ICES; OSPAR.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00283/39429/37869.pdf

Effects of dissolved mercury on embryogenesis, survival, growth of Mytilus galloprovincialis mussel larvae
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Beiras, Ricardo; His, Edouard.
The effects of Hg concentrations ranging from 0 (control) to 1024 µg 1-1 upon embryogenesis, survival and growth of Mytilus galloprovincialis mussel larvae were investigated . Embryogenesis was abnormal in 50 % of the individuals at 10µg 1-1. The 48 h LC50 for D-shaped, early umbonate, late umbonate and eyed larvae were 51, 164, 322 and 383 µg 1- 1 respectively. The LC50 was an allometric function of ash-free dry weight with exponent b = 0.60. Larval growth was significantly reduced alter 6 d exposure to 4 µg Hg 1-1 and alter 10 d exposure to 2 µg 1-1. No significant differences in lethal or sublethal sensitivity to Hg were found between M. galloprovincialis and previously studied Crassostrea gigas embryos and larvae. The implications of these findings for...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mercury; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Mussel; Larvae; Growth; Embryonic development; Bioassay; Ecotoxicology.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00037/14868/12192.pdf

Efficient, fast and inexpensive bioassay to monitor benthic microalgae toxicity: Application to Ostreopsis species
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Pavaux, Anne-sophie; Ternon, Eva; Dufour, Louison; Marro, Sophie; Gémin, Marin-pierre; Thomas, Olivier P.; Lemée, Rodolphe.
Even though HPLC-MS is commonly used to quantify the toxin content of Ostreopsis spp. cells, there is a need to develop easy-to-use toxicological tests to set thresholds during Ostreopsis spp. blooms. The crustacean Artemia has been widely used to evaluate the presence and toxicity of chemicals and biological contaminants and we anticipated that it could also be useful to test Ostreopsis spp. toxicity. Its relevance was first assessed by investigating the variability of the toxic effects among Ostreopsis spp. strains and throughout the dinoflagellate life cycle in combination with chemical analyses of the toxinic content by UHPLC-HRMS. After testing the toxicity of fractions prepared from Ostreopsis spp. cells, the known ova- and paly-toxins were not the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostreopsis spp.; Anemia franciscana; Bioassay; Ecotoxicity; HPLC-HRMS.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00624/73625/73051.pdf

Biomedical and pharmacological potential of tetrodotoxin-producing bacteria isolated from marine pufferfish Arothron hispidus (Muller, 1841)
Provedor de dados: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases
Autores: Bragadeeswaran,S; Therasa,D; Prabhu,K; Kathiresan,K.
Specimens of the pufferfish Arothron hispidus collected at Parangipettai, on the southeast coast of India, were subjected to bacterial isolation and identification. Three species were identified, namely Bacillus sp., Kytococcus sedentarius and Cellulomonas fimi. Partially-purified microbial filtrates exhibited hemolytic activity on chicken and human erythrocytes of O, B and AB blood groups, with maximum activity of 32 HU. The microbial filtrates also presented ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase, Na+K+-ATPase and AchE enzymatic activities of positive neuromodulation in Kytococcus sedentarius with 1300, 300.1, 1549.98 and 140.55%, in Cellulomonas fimi with 620, 300, 10 and 128.42%, and in Bacillus species with 40, 200, 849.98 and 158.69%, respectively. Toxicity symptoms...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Arothron hispidus; Tetrodotoxin; Bioassay; ATPase and AchE enzymatic activities; Anticancer activity.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992010000300008

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in the milk of experimentally infected Wistar female rats
Provedor de dados: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases
Autores: Costa,VM; Langoni,H.
The milk of experimentally infected rats was investigated for the presence and possible transmission of Toxoplasma gondii. Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) female rats were divided into three groups and orally inoculated with bradyzoites. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to detect the parasite in the milk. Transmission to the offspring was verified by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), modified agglutination test (MAT), bioassay tests and PCR. Rat milk samples were PCR-positive, pups were serum-reactive to T. gondii and tissue samples also presented positive DNA results through PCR.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Toxoplasma gondii; Parasite in milk; Female rats; PCR; Bioassay.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992010000200016

Insects as biological models to assay spider and scorpion venom toxicity
Provedor de dados: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases
Autores: Manzoli-Palma,M. F.; Gobbi,N.; Palma,M. S.
This study was undertaken to develop an experimental protocol using insects as biological models to assay venom toxicity of the following spiders Loxosceles gaucho, Phoneutria nigriventer, Nephilengys cruentata and Tityus serrulatus scorpion. Three different insect species were bioassayed: Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera), Grillus assimilis (Orthoptera), and Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera). Venoms were injected into the hemocele of insects with a microsyringe at concentrations that caused dose/weight-dependent effects; doses causing either paralysis (ED50) or death (LD50) were recorded for each venom and insect test-species. T. serrulatus and L. gaucho venoms were lethal to all tested species, while P. nigriventer venom caused paralysis and death, and N....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioassay; Venom; Insect model; Toxicity; Apis mellifera.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992003000200004

Scorpion envenomation in pygmies from Democratic Republic of Congo, the example of Pelenge Center, Lomela, DRC
Provedor de dados: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases
Autores: Biezakala Mudiandambu,E; Odio Wobin,T; Kabele Ngiefu,C; Tati Kinkela,R; Mbanzulu Makola,K.
In a survey among the pygmies of central Democratic Republic of Congo, the incidence of scorpion stings seemed very high with a severity greater than expected. Species responsible were not identified. Specific studies are needed to clarify the risk emerging in the equatorial African forest.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Arothron hispidus; Tetrodotoxin; Bioassay; ATPase and AchE enzymatic activities; Anticancer activity.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992012000400015

Early-Stage Bioassay for Monitoring Radioactive Contamination in Living Livestock
Provedor de dados: Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Academic Repository (OAK)
Autores: YAMAGUCHI, Toshiro; SAWANO, Kaita; KISHIMOTO, Miori; FURUHAMA, Kazuhisa; YAMADA, Kazutaka; 山田, 一孝.
Soil samples from the ground surface and feces and blood from a mixed-breed male pig were collected on April 10, 2011 at a farm within 20 km of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. The radioactivity of each sample was measured using a Ge semiconductor detector. Despite the fact that the pig had been fed non-contaminated imported feed, 131I, 134Cs and 137Cs were detected in the feces, and 134Cs and 137Cs were detected in the blood clots. Because it is considerably difficult to measure radioactive contamination in the edible muscle of living livestock, bioassays are an option for the screening of radioactive contamination in living livestock to ensure food safety.
Palavras-chave: Bioassay; Cesium; Fukushima; Iodine; Radioactive contamination.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3893

Active biological materials inhibiting tumor initiation extracted from marine algae
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Mostafa, M.H.; Ibrahim, A.M.M.; El-Masry, M.H.; El-Naggar, M.A.
Ethanol extraction of seventeen algal species from 35 different samples collected from the coastal area of Abou-Qir, Egypt, South East of the Mediterranean Sea Coast, was conducted. The aim was to obtain natural products from the algal extracts which have significant biologically active algal compounds. The collected algae showed a wide variation in their occurrence during the period of collection. Thirty five extracts representing different seasonal growths of 17 marine algal species were tested for antitumorigenic activity. Tests performed were the toxicity bioassay using Brine shrimp Artemia salina and the anti-tumor bioassay against Agrobacterium tumefaciens on potato discs. Codium tomentosum (winter); Jaina rubens (summer) and Padina pavonia (winter)...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Anti-tumor agent; Bioactive material; Bioassay; Marine algae; Natural product compound Biological properties Algae Marine environment http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4610.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1303

PERSISTENCE OF ATRAZINE, METRIBUZIN AND SIMAZINE HERBICIDES IN TWO SOILS
Provedor de dados: Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
Autores: FUSCALDO,FEDERICO; BEDMAR,FRANCISCO; MONTERUBBIANESI,GLORIA.
An oat bioassay was conducted in pots under greenhouse conditions to determine the persistence of atrazine, metribuzin and simazine herbicides in soils of the southeast of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Atrazine rates of 0, 0.58, 1.16 and 2.32 mug g-1 of active ingredient (a.i.), metribuzin rates of 0, 0.14, 0.28 and 0.56 mug g-1 of a.i., and simazine rates of 0, 0.72, 1.45 and 2.9 mug g-1 of a.i. dry soil weight were applied to pots containing soils from Balcarce and San Cayetano sites. Organic matter (OM) content and pH of Balcarce soil were 5.5% and 5.8%, while for San Cayetano soil were 2.9% and 6.7%, respectively. Relative dry weight (RDW) of oat shoots was calculated as percentage of control. Considering a 20% RDW reduction of oat shoots,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Oat; Organic matter; PH; Herbicide rates; Bioassay.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X1999001100009

Biosolids in Leaching of Herbicides Mimicking Auxin in Tropical Soils
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: SOUZA,P.D.; TUFFI SANTOS,L.D.; MONTES,W.G.; CRUZ,L.R.; AZEVEDO,A.M.
ABSTRACT: Biosolids are residues from the treatment of urban fluids used as a source of nutrients for agricultural and forestry crops. The organic matter contained in this residue and its chemical characteristics may interfere with the behavior of herbicides in the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of biosolids on the potential for leaching herbicides mimicking auxin. Two simultaneous experiments were performed: a leaching test of picloram + 2.4-D in soil column with addition of thermally treated biosolids or solarized biosolids and another one to evaluate the effect of leachate application from the leaching tests under inert material. Each type of biosolid was incorporated in sandy soil in the proportions of 0%, 50%, 100% and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Picloram + 2.4-D; Sewage sludge; Bioassay; Leaching herbicides.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100231

Estimation of Sulfentrazone Leaching in Isolated Application and in Mixture with Glyphosate
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: LANGARO,A.C.; BARROS,J.P.A.; SOUZA,M.F.; SILVA,E.M.G.; SILVA,A.A.
ABSTRACT: As an alternative to control of resistant biotypes, farmers have resorted to the use of herbicides that have residual soil activity and good pre-emergence action. One of the most used mixtures in Brazil is that of sulfentrazone + glyphosate. When a herbicide has a pre-emergence action, small leaching of its molecules is necessary for its superficial incorporation into the soil, where most of the weed seeds are found. However, if excessive leaching occurs, the herbicide may have reduced efficiency in controlling weed, increasing the risks of groundwater contamination. In this study, sulfentrazone leaching was evaluated in columns with soil, in isolated applications and in mixture with formulations of glyphosate (Roundup Ready®, Roundup Ultra® and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Herbicide; Environmental impact; Soil; Bioassay.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582019000100217

Leaching of Sulfentrazone in Soils from the Sugarcane Region in the Northeast Region of Brazil
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: BRAGA,D.F.; FREITAS,F.C.L.; ROCHA,P.R.R.; ARAÚJO,A.G.D.; MELO,V.C.
Sulfentrazone leaching potential is dependent on soil properties such as strength and type of clay, organic matter content and pH, and may result in ineffectiveness of the product and contamination of groundwater. The objective of this study was to evaluate sulfentrazone leaching in five soils of the sugarcane region in the Northeast Region of Brazil, with different physical and chemical properties, by means of bioassay and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) resolution. The experiment was conducted in a split plot in a completely randomized design. The plots had PVC columns with a 10 cm diameter and being 50 cm deep, filled with five different soil classes (quartzarenic neosol, haplic cambisol, yellowish-red latosol, yellowish-red acrisol, and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Herbicide; Bioassay; Sorption; Mobility.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582016000100161

Comparison of Sensitivity to Glyphosate of Euphorbia davidii Populations
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: NÚÑEZ FRÉ,F.R.; JUAN,V.F.; YANNICCARI,M.; SAINT ANDRÉ,H.M.; FERNANDEZ,R.R.
ABSTRACT: Euphorbia davidii (Euphorbiaceae) is a summer annual weed present in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity to glyphosate of different populations of Euphorbia davidii. Two techniques were used: a seed bioassay and shikimate determination in glyphosate-treated plants. Germination rates of seeds belonging to the populations from Espartillar, Barrow, Olavarria and Azul exposed to different concentrations of glyphosate were compared. Plants from the same locations treated with glyphosate were evaluated to determine shikimate levels. The most sensitive population was from Espartillar, with a CE50 (average effective concentration) of 4.00 g e.a. L-1. Based on this finding, the resistance index for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Herbicide resistance; Germination; Bioassay; Shikimate; EUDA5.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100209

Sorption of oxadiazon in soils cultivated in the brazilian cerrado
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: Mendes,K.F.; Reis,M.R.; Pereira,A.A.; Nunes,A.R.S.; Santos,C.E.M.; Assis,A.C.L.P.
The objective of this study was to evaluate oxadiazon sorption in different soils of the Brazilian Cerrado, highlighting the correlations of lethal doses of this herbicide capable of inhibiting 50% of the dry matter accumulation of the bio-indicator (LD50) among the chemical characteristics of the soil and its direct and indirect effects. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a randomized block design and four repetitions. Each experimental unit consisted of a pot with increasing rates of oxadiazon and oat (Avena sativa), as the bio-indicator species. For sorption evaluation, washed sand and 22 soils (substrates) from Cerrado Brazilian's Alliaceae cultivated areas were used. LD50 and sorption ratio (SR) = [(LD50soil - LD50sand)/LD50sand] to the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioassay; Neutral herbicide; Organic matter.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582014000100024

Sensibility of plant species to herbicides aminocyclopyrachlor and indaziflam
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: Guerra,N.; Oliveira Neto,A.M.; Oliveira JR,R.S.; Constantin,J.; Takano,H.K.
Aminocyclopyrachlor and indaziflam are under development in Brazil and there is no information about their behavior in Brazilian soils. This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of plant species to these new molecules, trying to select plants that can be used as bioindicators for testing the behavior of these herbicides in the soil. Two experiments were conducted, one for each herbicide. The treatments were arranged in a 8 x 6 factorial design, the factors being represented by eight species used as bioindicators cotton, maize, soybean, sorghum, sunflower, millet, cucumber and beet, and six doses of herbicides (aminocyclopyrachlor - 0, 10 , 20, 30 , 40 and 50 g ha-1 and indaziflam 0 , 20, 40 , 60, 80 and 100 g ha-1). Among the species studied, soybean...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Beet; Bioassay; I50; Soybean.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582014000300017

Persistence of Biological Activity and Leaching Potential of Herbicides Aminocyclopyrachlor and Indaziflam in Soils with Different Textures1
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: GUERRA,N.; OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR,R.S.; CONSTANTIN,J.; OLIVEIRA NETO,A.M.; GEMELLI,A.; PEREIRA JÚNIOR,D.M.; GUERRA,A.
ABSTRACT Herbicides aminocyclopyrachlor and indaziflam are under development in Brazil. Information about the behaviors in Brazilian soils and climate is scarce. Thus, the present work has aimed to evaluate the persistence of biological activity and leaching potential of aminocyclopyrachlor and indaziflam in contrasting textured soils by means of bioassays. For the evaluation of persistence, four experiments were performed, in which soils with different textures were studied in different time periods between herbicide application and bioindicator sowing (beet and soybeans). To determine leaching potential, three blades of rainfall (0, 30 and 60 mm) were simulated, each constituting a single experiment in soils with different textures and five bands of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Residual activity; Bioassay; Organic matter.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582016000200345

Leaching of Picloram in ultisol under different rainfall volumes
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: Assis,E.C; Silva,A.A; D'Antonino,L; Queiroz,M.E.L.R; Barbosa,L.C.
The present study aimed to evaluate the leaching potential of Picloram in Ultisol columns under different rainfall amounts. For such, 30 treatments were evaluated (one soil associated with three levels of rainfall and ten depths).The experiments were arranged in a split-plot design, in a completely randomized design, with four replications. PVC columns of 10 cm in diameter and 50 cm in length were filled with these soils, moistened, and placed upright for 48 hours to drain the excess water. The herbicide was applied and rainfall simulations were carried out at specified intensities, according to the treatments, to force Picloram leaching. After 72 hours, all the columns were arranged in a horizontal position and opened lengthwise. Then, soil sampling was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Herbicide; Environmental impact; Bioassay.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582011000500021

Selection of Indicator Species of the Tembotrione Sorption in Soils with Different Attributes
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: FARIA,A.T.; SILVA,E.M.G.; PEREIRA,G.A.M.; SOUZA,M.F.; SILVA,A.A.; REIS,M.R.
ABSTRACT: Studies on herbicide behavior in soils may be performed using biological and chemical methods. The efficiency of the biological method depends on the indicator species sensitivity to low herbicide concentrations in the soil solution. Among the herbicides commonly used in Brazil for corn cultivation, tembotrione stands out. In the last agricultural seasons, the intoxication of some crops when cultivated in succession to corn has been reported, which may be attributed to tembotrione recommendations without the knowledge of their interactions with colloids of tropical soils. In this research, we selected an indicator plant species of tembotrione residues in the soil after sorting 12 species. The sorption of this herbicide was estimated in two...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioassay; Environmental impact; Herbicides; Technical efficiency.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100327

Ametryn Leaching in Soils from the Sugarcane Region in Northeastern Brazilian
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: SILVA,K.S.; FREITAS,F.C.L.; BRAGA,D.F.; DOMBROSKI,J.L.D.; SANTOS,A.F.B.
ABSTRACT Ametryn is one of the most widely used herbicides in the sugarcane culture. Little is known about the interactions between this herbicide and the attributes of soils in the sugarcane region of northeastern Brazil. This knowledge, before recommending herbicide, will minimize the negative effects on the environment, particularly on water resources, and will ensure weed control efficacy. In this work, ametryn leaching potential was estimated through bioassays and chromatography, in five soils from the sugarcane region in northeastern Brazil: Quartzarenic Neosol (Entisol); Red Argisol (Ultisol); Ferrihumiluvic Spodosol (Spodosols); Red-Yellow Acrisol (Oxisol) and Haplic Cambisol (Inceptisols). To achieve this, columns were prepared with samples of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Herbicide; Liquid chromatography; Bioassay; Mobility.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582016000400839

Sorption of fomesafen in Brazilian soils
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: Silva,G.R.; D'Antonino,L.; Faustino,L.A.; Silva,A.A.; Ferreira,F.A.; Texeira,C.C.
The study of the dynamics of a herbicide in the soil focus on the interactions with environmental components to obtain agronomic efficiency, ensuring selectivity to the culture and risk reduction of environmental impact. This study evaluated the sorption process of fomesafen in the Brazilian soils Ultisol, Cambisol, and Organosol. Besides soil, washed sand was used as an inert material for determination of the sorption ratio of fomesafen in the soil. The bioassay method was applied, using Sorghum vulgare plants as bio-indicator of herbicide presence. Plant poisoning evaluation and harvest for dry matter determination were carried out 21 days after sorghum sowing. To calculate C50, the nonlinear log-logistic model was applied and sorption ratios of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioassay; Carryover; Environmental impact.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582013000400023

Genotoxic effect of Phenanthrene on Chironomus sancticaroli (Diptera: Chironomidae)
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Morais,Gisele dos Santos; Pesenti,Emanuele Cristina; Cestari,Marta Margarete; Navarro-Silva,Mário Antônio.
Phenanthrene, a Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon, remains adsorbed to sedimentary particles in aquatic environments. It affects mainly benthic organisms, and is considered potentially genotoxic. In ecotoxicology, species of Chironomus Meigen, 1803 are widely known as bioindicators of the effects of chemicals on aquatic organisms. This study investigates the effects of phenanthrene on the size of the head capsule of Chironomus sancticaroli Strixino &amp;amp; Strixino, 1981 larvae after chronic (eight days) exposure, and DNA damage after acute (96 hours) and chronic exposure (eight days), under laboratory conditions. DNA damage, evaluated using the alkaline comet assay, detected effects for both exposure periods, indicating that phenanthrene is toxic for C....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioassay; Bioindicador; Development; DNA damage; PHAs.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702014000400003

Methodology for bioassay entomopathogenic Bacillus against sand fly (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) larvae
Provedor de dados: Zoologia
Autores: Wermelinger,Eduardo Dias; Zanuncio,José Cola; Rangel,Elizabeth F.; Cecon,Paulo R.; Rabinovitch,Leon.
The objective of this research is to present a method to bioassay entomopathogenic Bacillus species against sand fly (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) larvae. The vector Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz &amp;amp; Neiva, 1912) (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) and some Bacillus strains were used in laboratory to develop this method. Some characteristics of this method are commented and the importance to develop a standard method to test pathogenicity of Bacillus species against phlebotomine larvae is also discussed.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Phlebotominae; Bacillus; Bioassay; Method.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752000000300026

Biological control of Culex (Culex) saltanensis Dyar, (Diptera, Culicidae) through Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis in laboratory and field conditions
Provedor de dados: Zoologia
Autores: Zequi,João A. C.; Lopes,José.
Culex (Culex) saltanensis Dyar, 1928 can become a problem in urban centers because they reproduce abundantly in ponds organically enriched. It is vector of the Plasmodium spp. and Crithidia ricadoi Sibajev et al. 1993. This research verifies the efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis on C. saltanensis in two temperature situations, both in laboratory and field conditions. LC50 for C. saltanensis immatures fourth instar, was 0.154 ppm and the LC95 was 0.248 ppm an average temperature of 25.7ºC. When exposed at a constant temperature of 12±1ºC and a photoperiod of 14L:10D, had its susceptibity decreased in 1.50 times in reation to LC50, when compared to room temperature. B. thuringiensis israelensis is highly efficient in the control of this mosquito...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioassay; Mosquito control; Immature Culicidae.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752007000100020

Acaricidal activity of extracts from different structures of Piper tuberculatum against larvae and adults of Rhipicephalus microplus
Provedor de dados: Acta Amazonica
Autores: BRAGA,Andrina Guimarães Silva; SOUZA,Krishna Ferri Alencar de; BARBIERI,Fabio da Silva; FERNANDES,Cleberson de Freitas; ROCHA,Rodrigo Barros; VIEIRA JUNIOR,José Roberto; LACERDA,Clariana Lins; CELESTINO,Caroline Oliveira; FACUNDO,Valdir Alves; BRITO,Luciana Gatto.
ABSTRACT The strategies to control the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus are based mainly on the use of synthetic pesticides. However, the emergence, establishment, and development of resistance of ticks is rendering the main chemical groups ineffective. Finding new molecules to effectively control infestations by R. microplus is necessary to maintain the productivity of cattle herds, particularly of taurine breeds established in equatorial and tropical regions of the world. Ethanol extracts from the leaves, stems, and fruits of Piper tuberculatum were evaluated in bioassays at concentrations of 50, 25, 12.50, 6.25, 3.12 and 1.56 mg mL-1. The concentrations lethal to 50% of the individuals (LC50) of tick larvae after 24 hours of exposure were 3.62, 3.99...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cattle tick; Bioassay; Active molecules; Piperaceae.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672018000100057

INTEGRATING CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STATUS ASSESSMENT: ASSEMBLING LINES OF EVIDENCE FOR THE EVALUATION OF RIVER ECOSYSTEM RISK
Provedor de dados: Acta Biológica Colombiana
Autores: MUÑOZ,ISABEL; SABATER,SERGI.
This paper describes various approaches to evaluating ecological risk in rivers affected by multiple chemical stressors, with emphasis on biofilm and invertebrate community responses. Metrics should be considered as different lines of evidence that, when weighted, form an advanced weight of evidence approach to establishing the environmental risk on a basin scale. Combination of field surveys to obtain observational data of communities, in situ experiments, toxicological sediment tests and a good chemical description of the medium (water and sediment) helps give an integrative view of the chemical and biological state of a river ecosystem. The greater and more distinct the variables used, the greater is our ability to identify the effects of major...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioassay; Chemical indicators; Ecological status; Weight of evidence.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-548X2014000100003

Health State, morphological characterization and biometric parameters in the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus Linnaeus, 1763 (Brachyura: Ocypodidae)
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Biological Sciences
Autores: Valentim-Neto, Pedro Alexandre; Gesteira, Tereza Cristina Vasconcelos.
The crab Ucides cordatus is an important feature of mangroves in the North and Northeast of Brazil. In 2002 a large mortality was reported on this species in the Jaguaribe River Estuary. In order to investigate the possible causes specimens were collected monthly between May 2002 and December 2003 at five sites: Fortim (E1), Fortim (E2), Cumbe (E3) Aracati (E4) and Guajiru (E5). The mangrove structure and environmental parameters (salinity, pH, temperature and DO) were also evaluated. Water was collected for suspended solids analysis, BOD and nutrient levels. Salinity decreased in the rainy season, with no significant variation of pH and temperature. Dissolved oxygen levels had a mean of 5.7 mg L-1. Suspended solids increased at site E4, with BOD varying...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biometric parameters; Crustacea; Histology; Bioassay.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciBiolSci/article/view/47430

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE RESPONSES OF Tetranychus urticae Koch (ACARINA: TETRANYCHIDAE) TO THURINGIENSIN
Provedor de dados: Agricultura Técnica
Autores: Vargas,Robinson; Chapman,Bruce; Penman,David R.
The effects of temperature, host plant, active ingredient mobility, surfactant, residue age and larval age on the response of Tetranychus urticae Koch to thuringiensin were evaluated in laboratory bioassays. T. urticae larvae were significantly more susceptible to thuringiensin at 13°C than at 28°C. A significantly different response of T. urticae larvae to thuringiensin residues was found on peach and apple leaves. Older T. urticae larvae were significantly more susceptible than younger larvae when exposed to thuringiensin residues. No systemic or translaminar effects of thuringiensin were detected; the leaf surface (upper or lower) and the addition of Silwet L-77 surfactant did not affect the efficacy of thuringiensin. The use of thuringiensin in spider...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Beta -exotoxin; Miticide; Bioassay; Pesticide; Residue age; Surfactant; Translocation.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0365-28072002000100001

TOXICITY OF THURINGIENSIN ON IMMATURE AND ADULT STAGES OF Tetranychus urticae KOCH AND Panonychus ulmi (KOCH) (ACARINA: TETRANYCHIDAE)
Provedor de dados: Agricultura Técnica
Autores: Vargas,Robinson; Chapman,Bruce; Penman,David R.
The direct and residual toxicity of thuringiensin on different stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch and Panonychus ulmi (Koch), and the influence on T. urticae reproduction and population development were evaluated in laboratory bioassays. Direct toxicity was higher than residual toxicity to T. urticae for all life stages. Immature stages of T. urticae and P. ulmi were more susceptible to thuringiensin than adults. P. ulmi was more susceptible to thuringiensin than T. urticae. Fecundity of T. urticae was significantly reduced when females were exposed to residues for 2 days. Complete suppression of T. urticae population development was achieved when the F1 generation was exposed to thuringiensin residues, however, the level of suppression was concentration...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Beta -exotoxin; Miticide; Direct toxicity; Residual toxicity; Bioassay.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0365-28072001000100001

Evaluation of the photodynamic activity of Xanthene Dyes on Artemia salina described by chemometric approaches
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: Pellosi,Diogo S.; Batistela,Vagner R.; Souza,Vagner R. de; Scarminio,Ieda S.; Caetano,Wilker; Hioka,Noboru.
The development of drugs for photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an important area of research due to their growing use in medical applications. Therefore, it is important to develop new bioassay methods for PDT photosensitizers that are inexpensive, easy to handle and highly sensitive to environmental conditions. Xanthene dyes (fluorescein, rose bengal B, erythrosine B and eosin Y) with LED light sources were investigated using Artemia salina as a bioindicator of photodynamic activity. In this study, three factors were investigated: (i) photosensitizers concentration, (ii) the LED irradiation time and (iii) the waiting time between the addition of the photosensitizers and the beginning of the irradiation. To analyze the photo-killing of A. salina, it was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Artemia salina; Factorial design; Photodynamic therapy; Bioassay; Xanthenes.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000401267

Chronic toxicity bioassay with populations of the crustacean Artemia salina exposed to the organophosphate diazinon
Provedor de dados: Biological Research
Autores: Bustos-Obregon,Eduardo; Vargas,Álvaro.
A chronic toxicity bioassay was conducted with the microcrustacean Artemia salina as the testing organism for the toxic organophosphate diazinon in order to determine if the species is an appropriate indicator of pollution in aquatic environments. Tests of animal exposure to different concentrations of the toxicant were performed for 24, 48 and 72 hours after larvae hatching. Registered mortality data was used to obtain the lethal dose 50 (LD50) of the organophosphate for each exposure time, considering the immobilization of A. salina larvae as the mortality parameter. The lethal concentration (LD50) in the same exposure times was calculated by evaluating morphological changes on the three initial stages of larval development. Both doses were determined by...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Diazinon; Artemia salina; Ecotoxicology; Bioassay.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602010000300013

Production and extraction of phytotoxins from Colletotrichum dematium FGCC# 20 effective against Parthenium hysterophorus L.
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Singh,Jaya; Quereshi,Sadaf; Banerjee,Nikita; Pandey,Akhilesh Kumar.
The aim of this work was to study the herbicidal potential of Cell free culture filtrate of Colletotrichum dematium FGCC#20 against Parthenium by employing different bioassays i.e. shoot-cut, seedling, detached leaf and seed germination. On solvent extraction of the Cell free culture filtrate, Ethyl acetate extracted fraction showed the presence of phytotoxic moiety.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Parthenium hysterophorus; Colletotrichum dematium; Bioassay; Cell Free Culture Filtrate (CFCF); Solvent extraction; Hours post treatment (hpt).
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132010000300023

In situ monitoring of mutagenicity of air pollutants in São Paulo City using Tradescantia-SHM bioassay
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Ferreira,Maria Izildinha; Rodrigues,Geraldo Stachetti; Domingos,Marisa; Saldiva,Paulo Hilário do N.
The Tradescantia stamen hair mutation assay (Trad-SHM) was employed for assessing the environmental mutagenesis in two areas of São Paulo City. The study sites were defined as follows: 1) Celso Garcia Avenue, an industrial area on the outskirts of the urban center (Belém neighborhood), with an average daily traffic volume of 8,750 vehicles; 2) Doutor Arnaldo Avenue, in downtown area (Pinheiros neighborhood), with a mostly residential and business offices occupation, with an average daily traffic volume of 46,125 vehicles. The negative control (background) site is located in the city of Jaguariúna, 138 km from São Paulo, in an area of low atmospheric pollution. The mutation frequency observed for Belém was similar to the background for clone 4430, whereas...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pollution; Mutagenesis; Bioassay; Tradescantia.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132003000200017

Correlation between heavy metal ions (copper, zinc, lead) concentrations and root length of Allium cepa L. in polluted river water
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Palacio,Soraya Moreno; Espinoza-Quiñones,Fernando Rodolfo; Galante,Raquel Manozzo; Zenatti,Dilcemara Cristina; Seolatto,Araceli Aparecida; Lorenz,Evandro Kleber; Zacarkim,Carlos Eduardo; Rossi,Nickeli; Rizzutto,Márcia de Almeida; Tabacniks,Manfredo Harri.
The present work was performed using the common onion (Allium cepa L.) as a bioindicator of toxicity of heavy metals in river water. The test waters were collected at two sampling sites: at the beginning and the end of the Toledo River. The bulbs of A. cepa L. were grown in test water with nine concentration levels of copper, zinc and lead from 0.1 to 50 ppm. In the laboratory, the influence of these test liquids on the root growth was examined during five days. For test liquids containing below 0.03-ppm dissolved Cu the root growth was reduced by 40% However, the same reduction occurred for 1-ppm dissolved Zn. For dissolved Pb, results reveal toxicity above 0.1 and 0.6 ppm at the beginning and the end of the Toledo river water, respectively.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acute toxicity; Bioassay; Copper; Zinc; Lead; Allium cepa L.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132005000400024

Biological Response of Tradescantia Stamen-hairs to High Levels of Natural Radiation in the Poços de Caldas Plateau
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Gomes,Heliana de Azevedo; Nouailhetas,Yannick; Silva,Nivaldo Carlos da; Mezrahi,Arnaldo; Almeida,Carlos E. Bonacossa de; Rodrigues,Geraldo Stachetti.
The objective of the present study was to apply a highly sensitive botanical test of mutagenicity (the Tradescantia stamen-hair mutation bioassay) to assess in situ the biological responses induced by naturally occurring radiation in the Poços de Caldas Plateau. The mutagenesis was evaluated in environments presenting gamma radiation exposure rates ranging from 1.5 muR.min-1 up to 100.0 muR.min-1. The results consistently showed only borderline increases in mutation frequencies in plants exposed to areas with high radiation background, as compared to non-exposed plants. It was concluded that the levels of natural radiation prevalent in the Poços de Caldas Plateau were not sufficient to induce significant increases in mutation rate, even in the extremely...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mutagenesis; Natural radiation; Bioassay; Tradescantia.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132002000300008

Evaluation of experimental Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle and Manceaux, 1909) infection in pigs by bioassay in mice and polymerase chain reaction
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Jounarl of Veterinary
Autores: Yai,Lucia Eiko Oishi; Vianna,Manoella Compostrini Barreto; Soares,Rodrigo Martins; Cortez,Adriana; Freire,Roberta Lemos; Richtznhain,Leonardo José; Gennari,Solange Maria.
The aim of the present experiment was to standardize a nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii in tissues of experimentally infected pigs and to compare the performance of nPCR with the standard isolation technique, the bioassay in mice. Comparison between the two methods was done testing eight 4 month-old pigs orally inoculated with 5 x 10(4) oocysts of Toxoplasma gondii (AS-28 strain) and three non-infected pigs at the same age, kept as control. All animals were euthanatized 47 days after infection and samples of brain, heart, tongue and retina were collected from each animal for analysis by nPCR and bioassay in mice. By using the bioassay, Toxoplasma gondii was detected in 4 infected pigs, being two in the retina,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Toxoplasma gondii; Pig; NestedPCR; Bioassay; Diagnosis.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-95962003000300010

Biological evaluation of recombinant human erythropoietin in pharmaceutical products
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Ramos,A.S.; Schmidt,C.A.; Andrade,S.S.; Fronza,M.; Rafferty,B.; Dalmora,S.L.
The potencies of mammalian cell-derived recombinant human erythropoietin pharmaceutical preparations, from a total of five manufacturers, were assessed by in vivo bioassay using standardized protocols. Eight-week-old normocythemic mice received a single subcutaneous injection followed by blood sampling 96 h later or multiple daily injections with blood sampling 24 h after the last injection. Reticulocyte counting by microscopic examination was employed as the end-point using the brilliant cresyl blue or selective hemolysis methods, together with automated flow cytometry. Different injection schedules were investigated and dose-response curves for the European Pharmacopoeia Biological Reference Preparation of erythropoietin were compared. Manual and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Recombinant human erythropoietin; Bioassay; Polycythemia; Reticulocyte counting; Normocythemic mice.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003001100014

PCR and bioassays screening of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates from rice-fields of Rio Grande do Sul, specific to lepidopterans and coleopterans
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Microbiology
Autores: Pinto,Laura Massochin Nunes; Fiuza,Lidia Mariana.
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolates from soil samples of rice-fields in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) were tested through PCR, aiming at the screening of six groups of Bt cry genes, which codify active proteins for coleopterans and lepidopterans rice pests, and their bioinsecticide potential regarding their use in IPM system, as well. Forty six Bt isolates were grown in Agar Nutrient for 12 h and submitted to total DNA extraction. The amplified fragments were analyzed in agarose gel (1-1.5%). The screening isolates showed that 56.51% were potentially lepidopterans specific (cry1, cry2 and cry9) and 21.73% were coleopteran specific (cry3 and cry7/8), with a homogeneous distribution in the rice-field areas in Rio Grande do Sul. Cry2 genes were found just once and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bacillus thuringiensis; PCR; Bioassay; Lepidoptera; Coleoptera.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822003000400003

Effectiveness of Metarhizium anisopliae against immature stages of Anastrepha fraterculus fruitfly (Diptera : Tephritidae)
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Microbiology
Autores: Destéfano,Ricardo Henry Rodrigues; Bechara,Ivanira José; Messias,Claudio Luiz; Piedrabuena,Aquiles Eugênico.
The study evaluated the effectiveness of Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (Hyphomycetes : Moniliales) strain E9, isolated from the pasture spittlebug Deois flavopicta (Hemiptera : Cercopidae), against larvae, prepupae and pupae stage and emergent adults of Anastrepha fraterculus, the South American fruitfly. The bioassay was carried out simulating field conditions, on autoclaved (AS) and non-autoclaved (NAS) soil from typical citrus orchards in the State of São Paulo, Southeastern region of Brazil. Various concentrations of conidia were incorporated into the soil the mortality, calculated based on the percentage of adult emergence, was 86% for the highest conidia concentrations: 2.52 x 10(10) for AS and 2.52 x 10(10) for NAS. The lethal concentration...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Microbial control; Metarhizium anisopliae; Anastrepha fraterculus; Fruitfly; Bioassay.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822005000100018

Evaluation of the antibacterial potential of Petroselinum crispum and Rosmarinus officinalis against bacteria that cause urinary tract infections
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Microbiology
Autores: Petrolini,Fernanda Villas Boas; Lucarini,Rodrigo; Souza,Maria Gorete Mendes de; Pires,Regina Helena; Cunha,Wilson Roberto; Martins,Carlos Henrique Gomes.
In this study we evaluated the antibacterial activity of the crude hydroalcoholic extracts, fractions, and compounds of two plant species, namely Rosmarinus officinalis and Petroselinum crispum, against the bacteria that cause urinary tract infection. The microdilution method was used for determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The crude hydroalcoholic extract of R. officinalis displayed in vitro activity against Gram-positive bacteria, with satisfactory MBC for the clinical isolate S. saprophyticus. The fractions and the pure compound rosmarinic acid did not furnish promising results for Gram-negative bacteria, whereas fractions 2, 3, and 4 gave encouraging results for Gram-positive...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibacterial activity; Bioassay; Rosmarinus officinalis; Petroselinum crispum; Urinary Tract Infections (UTI).
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822013000300025

Bioassay assessment of metarhizium anisopliae (metchnikoff) sorokin (deuteromycota: hyphomycetes) against Oncometopia facialis (signoret) (hemiptera: cicadellidae)
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Microbiology
Autores: Pria Júnior,Wolney Dalla; Lacava,Paulo Teixeira; Messias,Claudio Luiz; Azevedo,João Lúcio; Lacava,Pedro Magalhães.
Citrus Variegated Chlorosis (CVC) is an economically important, destructive disease in Brazil and is caused by Xylella fastidiosa and transmitted by sharpshooter insects. In this study, the efficacy of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae in controlling the sharpshooter Oncometopia facialis was studied by bioassay conditions. In the bioassay, insects were sprayed with a suspension containing 5 X 10(7) conidia mL-1. Adults captured in the field were treated in groups of 10 in a total of 11 replications per treatment. Significant differences between the natural mortality and the mortality of insects treated with the fungus were observed 6 days after inoculations (P&lt;0.05). These significant differences increased until 10 days after treatment. The fungus...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Microbial control; Entomopathogen; Citrus Variegated Chlorosis (CVC); Bioassay.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822008000100027

Stability study of azithromycin in ophthalmic preparations
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Autores: Moreno,Andréia de Haro; Silva,Maria Fernanda Conz da; Salgado,Hérida Regina Nunes.
A stability study of azithromycin in ophthalmic preparations was developed by submission to different types of light, temperature and pH, using the biodiffusion assay (cylinder 3 x 3) for the quantifications. Bacillus subtilis, ATCC 9372, was used as test organism. The used concentration range was of 50 to 200 µg/mL. The study demonstrated that the drug suffered degradation when submitted to the ultraviolet light, germicide light, solar luminosity, acid solution, basic solution and hydrogen peroxide solution. The results were analyzed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Azithromycin/stability study; Bioassay; Photodegradation; Ophthalmic preparations.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502009000200005

Evaluation of recombinant human interferon beta 1b by liquid chromatography methods and bioassay
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Autores: Silva,Francielle Santos da; Walter,Maurício Elesbão; Xavier,Bruna; Perobelli,Rafaela Ferreira; Calegari,Guilherme Zanini; Cardoso,Douglas Franco; Perlin,Valquiria Guedes; Dalmora,Sérgio Luiz.
Recombinant human interferon beta 1b (rhIFNβ-1b) is clinically used to treat multiple sclerosis. A reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) method was carried out on a Jupiter C4 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d.). The mobile phase A consisted of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in water, and the mobile phase B was acetonitrile with 0.1% TFA run at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. A size exclusion liquid chromatography (SE-LC) method was carried out on a BioSep-SEC-S 2000 column (300 mm × 7.8 mm i.d.). The mobile phase consisted of 1 mM monobasic potassium phosphate, 8 mM sodium phosphate dibasic and 200 mM sodium chloride buffer pH 7.4, run isocratically at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. Retention times were 31.87 and 17.78 min, and calibration curves were linear...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Recombinant human Interferon beta 1b; Biotechnology-derived medicine; Bioassay; Reversed-phase liquid chromatography; Size-exclusion liquid chromatography.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502019000100571

Toxicity of Field-Aged Permethrin-Loaded Attracticides on Choristoneura rosaceana (HARRIS) and Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Adult Males and Females
Provedor de dados: Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research
Autores: Curkovic,Tomislav; Brunner,Jay F; J. Brown,John.
Lethal and sub lethal effects were evaluated in the laboratory on Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) and Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott males exposed to an attracticide loaded with permethrin and aged in the field. The effect of pairing conspecific females with previously intoxicated males was also evaluated. In both species a significantly greater mortality of male moths (&amp;#8805; 95%) was observed 24 h after exposure to t he attracticide formulation. Likewise, high levels of knock down (&amp;#8805; 75%) were observed in males of both species 1 h after attracticide exposure. In females, knock down was &amp;#8805; 2.5% and mortality &amp;#8805; 3.3% after pairing with intoxicated males. Leg autotomy in males was at least 73% in C. rosaceana and &amp;#8805;...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bioassay; Fecundity; Fertility; Knockdown; Leg autotomy; Lethal effects; Mortality; Sub lethal effects.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000100003

Implementation of an in vitro bioassay as an indicator of the bionutrient FitoMas E
Provedor de dados: Ciencia e Investigación Agraria, Revista Latinoamericana en Ciencias de la Agricultura
Autores: Díaz de Villegas,María Elena; Delgado,Grizel; Rivas,Mauricio; Torres,Esmérida; Saura,Maribel.
Seed bioassays are employed to determine the stimulatory effect of various biological products on the seed germination of plants used for the detection and control of toxic environmental contaminants. The objective of the present study was to design an in vitro bioassay to monitor the quality of the final production of FitoMas E, a bionutrient derived from the sugar industry and produced by the Instituto Cubano de Investigaciones de los derivados de la Caña de Azúcar By-Products (ICIDCA), by determining rates of seed germination and growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) as an indicator plant. A significant effect of controllable factors under study (FitoMas E concentration in lots and replicates of Petri dishes) was determined by one-way and multifactor...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bioassay; Bionutrient; Lettuce seed.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200005

Acute toxicity test of agricultural pesticides on silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) fingerlings
Provedor de dados: Ciência Rural
Autores: Kreutz,Luiz Carlos; Barcellos,Leonardo José Gil; Silva,Tális Oliveira; Anziliero,Deniz; Martins,Daiana; Lorenson,Monique; Marteninghe,Ariane; Silva,Leonardo Bolognese da.
Toxicity risks of agricultural pesticides to fishes are pivotal. Currently, many questions remain unsolved regarding to the toxicity of commonly used pesticides to silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen), a South American catfish. The present studies have been designed to investigate the acute toxicity and the lethal concentration (LC50) of four herbicides, two fungicides and two insecticides to silver catfish fingerlings. All experiments were carried out in triplicates, in a static bioassay system, using commercially available pesticides. The data was analyzed through the Trimmed Spearman-Karber method available from the Environmental Protection Agency. The 96hLC50 and 95% lower and upper confidence limits, respectively, for the following pesticides were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioassay; Toxicity; Pesticides; LC50; Rhamdia quelen.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782008000400022