Consulta: subjectFacets:"Biochar"
Registros recuperados: 17
Data/hora: 09/06/2024 04:47:07

Biocarbones (Biochars), caracterización y efecto en la biomasa y nutrición de N P K en una gramínea.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Escalante Rebolledo, María Ariadna.
Uno de los desafíos actuales para la ciencia y la tecnología  es crear o innovar conocimientos existentes que permitan resolver las necesidades que tiene la población del país. Para ello es necesario conocer tales necesidades y poder estudiar las estrategias y tecnologías pertinentes que lleven a la solución de dicha situación. La demanda alimenticia actual en México es cada día mayor y ésta contrasta con el estado de abandono del campo. En particular nos preocupa el grado de deterioro que presenta el recurso suelo, así como la escasez de prácticas agronómicas que eleven la productividad de los cultivos. Esto nos lleva a probar tecnologías que en otras partes del mundo, aunque sea a nivel de investigación, han resultado en un beneficio para el campo. El...
Palavras-chave: Biochar; Pirólisis; Caracterización; Secuestro de carbono; Bioenergía; Biomasa; Pyrolysis; Soil carbon sequestration; Biofuels; Biomass; Edafología; Doctorado.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2209

HYDROPHILIC POLYMER CHANGES THE WATER DEMAND IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A DWARF CASHEW ORCHARD
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Gondim,Rubens S.; Serrano,Luiz A. L.; Maia,Aline de H. N.; Silva,Janderson P. da.
ABSTRACT Important losses of dwarf cashew seedlings during the establishment of orchards in the Brazilian semiarid are related to the relatively short rainy season. This study aimed to evaluate biochar and hydrophilic polymer as soil amendments to increase water retention and reduce plant death in the first year. An experiment was conducted at the Curu Station, Paraipaba, CE, Brazil, using the clone BRS 226. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with amounts of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 kg of cashew wood biochar and 20, 40, 60, 80 g of hydrophilic polymer applied per pit, as well as a control treatment (no soil amendment). Seedlings were submitted to an irrigation regime to avoid water stress (5 L water seedling−1 when the tensiometer...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anacardium occidentale L.; Climate change; Adaptation; Soil amendment; Biochar.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162020000300344

Resumo executivo Projeto Nucleus: 2016-2018.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: FERREIRA, C. M.; SILVA, M. A. S. da; MACHADO, P. L. O. de A.; CARVALHO, M. T. de M.; RODRIGUES, C. R.; SANTOS, A. B. dos; HEINEMANN, A. B.; DAMIN, V.; CASTOLDI, G.; MADARI, B. E.; FLORES, R. A.
Português: O objetivo do Projeto Nucleus é aprimorar a eficiência de uso do nitrogênio (EUN), por meio da ampliação, compreensão e superação das lacunas de conhecimento sobre aspectos agronômicos, melhorando a sincronia entre a disponibilidade de N do solo em quantidade adequada e a necessidade das plantas e, em consequência, proporcionar condições de melhorar o seu aproveitamento e reduzir perdas. Assim, a investigação de fontes, práticas e manejos menos propensos a perdas de N, propiciam à cultura expressar o seu potencial produtivo, reduzindo custos e impactos nos aspectos social e ambiental e contribuindo para a segurança alimentar. Inglês: The objective of Nucleus project is to enhance our understanding of the key agronomic aspects of nitrogen use...
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Nitrogênio; Relação Solo-Planta; Segurança Alimentar; Transferência de Tecnologia; Nitrogen; Biochar; Soil-plant interactions; Technology transfer.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1101031

Carbono orgânico.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: FONTANA, A.; CAMPOS, D. V. B. de.
O carbono no solo pode ser encontrado principalmente como componente mineral, em estruturas de carbonatos (CaCO3, MgCO3 etc.) ou em estruturas orgânicas, componente de resíduos de animais e plantas em diversas fases de transformação ou como carvão (carbono pirogênico) proveniente de eventos naturais de incêndios ou aplicado ao solo como biochar ou biocarvão. Na determinação do carbono orgânico (C org) em solo via úmida pela oxidação com o dicromato de potássio, apenas aquele proveniente de materiais orgânicos facilmente oxidáveis ou decomponíveis é quantificado, sendo discriminado o oriundo de compostos carbonáticos ou recalcitrantes como o carvão (Walkley; Black, 1934).
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Carbono orgânico; Carbono; Biochar.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1107196

Processo agroindustrial: produção de fertilizante organomineral a partir de finos de carvão de pirólise rápida.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MAGALHAES, W. L. E.; MATOS, M. de; RODRIGUES, L. F.
O presente documento apresenta o processo de obtenção de fertilizante organomineral do tipo NPK (7-15-5) usando cloreto de potássio (KCl), nitrato de amônio (NH4NO3), di-hidrogenofosfato de amônio (NH4H2PO4) e usando finos de carvão de eucalipto, obtido por pirólise rápida. O carvão apresenta teor médio de cinzas de 5%, tais cinzas são oriundas do ciclone de separação do carvão do bio-óleo, o qual usa areia. Como aglutinantes foram usados glicerina e amido.
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Pirólise rápida; Fertilização; Npk; Biochar.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1104233

Mineralização e efeitos de biocarvão de cama de frangosobre a capacidade de troca catiônica do solo
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Andrade,Cristiano Alberto de; Bibar,Maria Paula Silveira; Coscione,Aline Reneé; Pires,Adriana Marlene Moreno; Soares,Álvaro Guedes.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o processo de mineralização do C em amostras de cama de frango e de seu respectivo biocarvão, além de determinar a capacidade de troca catiônica (CTC) e as taxas de mineralização do C nos solos tratados com cama de frango e biocarvão. A mineralização do C foi avaliada em experimento com quantificação do C-CO2 liberado a partir de incubação (64 dias) de misturas de solo com cama de frango e de solo com biocarvão, em doses equivalentes a 0, 1.000, 2.000, 4.000 e 8.000 mg kg-1 de C. Ao final da incubação, determinaram-se, nas amostras de solo, o teor de C, o pH e a CTC. A mineralização do C dos materiais obedeceu à cinética química de primeira ordem. Os fluxos de C-CO2 foram mais intensos dos 20 aos 40 dias de...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biochar; Carbono do solo; Mineralização do carbono; PH do solo; Sequestro de carbono; Taxa de mineralização.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2015000500407

Soil fertility and upland rice yield after biochar application in the Cerrado
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Petter,Fabiano André; Madari,Beáta Emöke; Silva,Mellissa Ananias Soler da; Carneiro,Marco Aurélio Carbone; Carvalho,Márcia Thaís de Melo; Marimon Júnior,Ben Hur; Pacheco,Leandro Pereira.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of biochar made from Eucalyptus on soil fertility, and on the yield and development of upland rice. The experiment was performed during two years in a randomized block design with four replicates, in a sandy loam Dystric Plinthosol. Four doses of NPK 05-25-15, annually distributed in stripes (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1), and four doses of biochar (0, 8, 16 and 32 Mg ha-1), applied once in the first year - alone or with NPK - were evaluated. In the first year, biochar positively affected soil fertility [total organic carbon (TOC), Ca, P, Al, H+Al, and pH], at 0-10 cm soil depth, and it was the only factor with significant effect on yield. In the second year, the effect of biochar diminished or was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biochar; Macronutrients; Plant biomass; Plant growth; Soil acidity; Rice yield.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2012000500010

Molecular and morphological characterization of hydrochar produced by microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Guiotoku,Marcela; Hansel,Fabricio Augusto; Novotny,Etelvino Henrique; Maia,Claudia Maria Branco de Freitas.
The objective of this work was to characterize the morphology and molecular composition of the hydrochar produced by microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose. The produced hydrochar consists mainly of aggregate microspheres with about 2.0 µm in diameter, with aliphatic and aromatic structures and the presence of carbonyl functional groups. The aromatic groups are formed mainly by benzofuran-like structures, being chemically different from common cellulose char. Microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization yields a functionalized carbon-rich material similar to that produced by the conventional hydrothermal process.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anthropogenic dark earth of Amazonia; Biochar; Charcoal; Gas chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Nuclear magnetic resonance.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2012000500008

Reproducing the organic matter model of anthropogenic dark earth of Amazonia and testing the ecotoxicity of functionalized charcoal compounds
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Linhares,Carolina Rodrigues; Lemke,Jasmin; Auccaise,Ruben; Duó,Daniele Avilez; Ziolli,Roberta Lourenço; Kwapinski,Witold; Novotny,Etelvino Henrique.
The objective of this work was to obtain organic compounds similar to the ones found in the organic matter of anthropogenic dark earth of Amazonia (ADE) using a chemical functionalization procedure on activated charcoal, as well as to determine their ecotoxicity. Based on the study of the organic matter from ADE, an organic model was proposed and an attempt to reproduce it was described. Activated charcoal was oxidized with the use of sodium hypochlorite at different concentrations. Nuclear magnetic resonance was performed to verify if the spectra of the obtained products were similar to the ones of humic acids from ADE. The similarity between spectra indicated that the obtained products were polycondensed aromatic structures with carboxyl groups: a soil...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Daphnia similis; Biochar; Chemical oxidation; Fractionation of humic substances; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Pyrogenic carbon.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2012000500009

Functionalized Charcoal as a Buffering Matrix of Copper and Zinc Availability
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Guimarães,Gelton Geraldo Fernandes; Giroto,Amanda Soares; Teixeira,Breno Cardoso; Vergütz,Leonardus; Cantarutti,Reinaldo Bertola.
ABSTRACT: High copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) contents in soil can cause phytotoxicity to plants and contaminate surface and groundwater, with negative effects on agriculture and the environment. Functionalized charcoal (OCh) has high cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the ability to adsorb Cu and Zn and control their availability in the soil and water. An adsorption study at two pH levels was carried out to evaluate increasing Cu and Zn sorption capacity provided by the functionalization process of a charcoal. In addition, a kinetics study of competitive and non-competitive adsorption-desorption of Cu and Zn in OCh was also evaluated. The results showed that functionalized charcoal (Ch) increased CEC 8.7 times due to an increase in carboxyl and phenolic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adsorption; Desorption; Metals; Remediation; Biochar.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832018000100530

Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Paiva,Diogo Mendes de; Guimarães,Gelton Geraldo Fernandes; Teixeira,Breno Cardoso; Cantarutti,Reinaldo Bertola.
ABSTRACT Functionalized charcoal (CHox) incorporated into urea is known for its ability to reduce NH3 volatilization and increase agronomic efficiency. However, it is important to optimize the functionalization process and to elucidate its relationship with the physicochemical properties of CHox for N supply. Thus, charcoal obtained from eucalyptus wood was functionalized with different HNO3 concentrations and reaction times. Ammonia adsorption by CHox was evaluated in chambers with high NH3 concentrations. Dry matter yield, N uptake, and apparent N recovery efficiency of corn plants were evaluated after the application of the urea-CHox mixture to soil in a greenhouse experiment. The properties of CHox, such as pH, isoelectric point, and total acidity...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biochar; NH3 adsorption; NH3 volatilization; Efficient fertilization.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832019000100305

Characterization of biochars from different sources and evaluation of release of nutrients and contaminants
Provedor de dados: 124
Autores: Figueredo,Natália Aragão de; Costa,Liovando Marciano da; Melo,Leônidas Carrijo Azevedo; Siebeneichlerd,Evair Antônio; Tronto,Jairo.
ABSTRACT The biochar, product of pyrolysis of organic waste, has been used as a soil conditioner and alternative on solid waste management. However, the raw material and pyrolysis temperature used influence the quantity and dynamics of release of nutrients and contaminants from the biochar. The objective was to evaluate the use of waste sugarcane bagasse, eucalyptus and sewage sludge for production of biochar and determine the chemical, physical, mineralogical properties and acid extraction of these materials produced at 350 °C and 500 °C. Were evaluated the proportion of C, H, N, O; ashes; macro and micronutrients, plus some contaminants; characterization of mineral phases by diffractometry of X- rays; functional groups by infrared absorption spectroscopy...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biochar; Waste; Acid extraction.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-66902017000300003

Biochar from different residues on soil properties and common bean production
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Silva,Isley Cristiellem Bicalho da; Basílio,Josiana Jussara Nazaré; Fernandes,Luiz Arnaldo; Colen,Fernando; Sampaio,Regynaldo Arruda; Frazão,Leidivan Almeida.
ABSTRACT: The production of biochar from organic residues promises to be an interesting strategy for the management of organic waste. To assess the effect of biochar on soil properties and the production and nutrition of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), three simultaneous experiments were conducted in a greenhouse with different biochar from organic residues (rice husk, sawdust, and sorghum silage) used as filtration material for swine biofertilizer. In each experiment the treatments consisted of five different biochar concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 L m−3), arranged in a completely randomized design, with four repetitions. In the experiments, the use of biochar increased soil pH, cation exchange capacity, nutrient availability in the soil, and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Agricultural residues; Biochar; Soil fertility.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162017000500378

Simulated effect of wetting/drying periods for two textural soils amended with biochar at a catchment scale
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Villagra-Mendoza, Karolina; Carvajal-Vanegas, Dorian; Beck-Broichsitter, Steffen; Horn, Rainer.
Biochar is considered as an option to ameliorate soil functions, by improving soil physical and hydraulic soil properties. This study investigated the effect of biochar and of wetting and drying cycles on the water infiltration at laboratory and at a hypothetical watershed scenario. In the laboratory, test samples with 2.5 and 5% (by dry mass) of a mango-wood biochar were added to a sandy and sandy loam soil material. Cumulative infiltration was determined after simulated intense wetting and drying cycles, by drying the samples at 30°C for three consecutive days. Additionally, biochar amended soil hydraulic parameters, obtained at the laboratory, were used to simulate the water discharge of a hypothetical watershed, with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Infiltration; Watershed; Biochar; Surface runoff; Wetting; Drying.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5562

Use of Adsorbent Biochar from Pequi (Caryocar Brasiliense) Husks for the Removal of Commercial Formulation of Glyphosate from Aqueous Media
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Borba,Lana Lima; Cuba,Renata Medici Frayne; Terán,Francisco Javier Cuba; Castro,Martha Nascimento; Mendes,Thiago Augusto.
Abstract This study evaluated the capacity of adsorbent biochar derived from pequi husks to remove glyphosate (commercial formulation) in aqueous medium under three pH conditions (5.5, 7.0 and 8.0). This biochar presented a mean yield of 33.1% ± 2.66% and a high amount of surface particles of small dimensions endowing it with high surface area. The results showed that removal is proportional to pH increase in the range of 5.5 to 8.0. Adsorption assays performed at pH 7 and 8 fitted better to the Langmuir pseudo-first order kinetics model with fast adsorption in the first 15 to 30 minutes. The results for the acidic pH range fit none of the adopted models satisfactorily. The results obtained suggest that adsorbent can be used as an efficient and inexpensive...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agroindustrial waste; Glyphosate commercial formulation; Biochar; Adsorption.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132019000100603

Comparison of DNA extraction protocols for microbial communities from soil treated with biochar
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Leite,D.C.A.; Balieiro,F.C.; Pires,C.A.; Madari,B.E.; Rosado,A.S.; Coutinho,H.L.C.; Peixoto,R.S.
Many studies have evaluated the effects of biochar application on soil structure and plant growth. However, there are very few studies describing the effect of biochar on native soil microbial communities. Microbial analysis of environmental samples requires accurate and reproducible methods for the extraction of DNA from samples. Because of the variety among microbial species and the strong adsorption of the phosphate backbone of the DNA molecule to biochar, extracting and purifying high quality microbial DNA from biochar-amended soil is not a trivial process and can be considerably more difficult than the extraction of DNA from other environmental samples. The aim of this study was to compare the relative efficacies of three commercial DNA extraction...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Biochar; DNA extraction; PCR-DGGE; Microbial communities; DNA purity indices.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822014000100023

Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake efficiency in Indian mustard cultivated during three growth cycles in a copper contaminated soil treated with biochar
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Gonzaga,Maria Isidória Silva; Souza,Danyelle Chaves Figueiredo de; Almeida,André Quintão de; Mackowiak,Cheryl; Lima,Idamar da Silva; Santos,José Carlos de Jesus; Andrade,Raquel Santos de.
ABSTRACT:  Biochar has been used worldwide as an efficient soil amendment due to its beneficial interaction with soil particles and nutrients; however, studies on the effect of biochar on the availability of nutrients such as N and P in tropical soils are still missing. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of different types and doses of biochars on the concentration and uptake of N and P in Indian mustard plants (Brassica juncea L.) grown in a Cu contaminated soil during three successive growth cycles. The greenhouse experiment was set up as randomized block design in a 3x3 factorial scheme, with 3 types of biochars (coconut shell, orange bagasse and sewage sludge) and three rates of application (0, 30 and 60t ha-1), and 4 replicates....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biochar; Pyrogenic carbon; Copper contamination; Plant nutrition; Brassica juncea.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019000100250