Consulta: subjectFacets:"Bt cotton"
Registros recuperados: 18
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Distribution of Benefits and Adoption of Bt Cotton in Pakistan: Ex-ante Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nazli,   Hina; Sarker,   Rakhal; Meilke,   Karl D.; Orden,   David.
This poster presents the potential impact of Bt cotton adoption in Pakistan. The size and distribution of economic benefits from the commercial adoption of Bt cotton in Pakistan are examined under four hypothetical scenarios. The adjusted economic surplus model is used to measure total benefits and their distribution between producers, consumers and technology innovators. To account for uncertainty in key parameters, the stochastic simulation techniques is applied. The results show that the total net benefits of adopting Bt cotton in Pakistan are large. As a result of increase in production, farmers get considerable benefits despite a decline in price. The share of benefits to innovators is small. The results indicate that the total cost of adopting latest...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bt cotton; Economic surplus model; Pakistan; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61180

Diffusion of Bt Cotton in India: Impact of Seed Prices and Technological Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arora,   Anchal; Bansal,   Sangeeta.
Recent studies in the literature examining impact of government seed price intervention on adoption of Bt cotton get different results depending on the specifics of the situation analyzed. According to one study, reduction in seed prices enables farmers to buy seeds at lower prices and this can result in surge of area sown under Bt cotton. The other view holds that seed price interventions have little impact on the adoption rates rather these interventions may adversely affect firms’ incentives to innovate. Which of the two views characterize adoption of Bt cotton in India? Using three variations of dynamic logistic model, this paper analyzes the impact of certain economic factors like seed prices, technological development, and cotton prices on the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Diffusion of technology; Bt cotton; Seed price interventions; Technological development.; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O33; Q16.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104154

Is Monsanto Leaving Money on the Table? Monopoly Pricing and Bt Cotton Value with Heterogeneous Adopters
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oehmke,   James F.; Wolf,   Christopher A.
We examine the allocation of technology rents between a price-setting, innovating monopolist and heterogeneous technology adopters.  A model of monopoly pricing in the presence of heterogeneous adopters is used to examine conditions under which greater producer (farmer) heterogeneity leads to greater producer benefit from innovation in non-competitive markets.  An application to Bt cotton determines the profit-maximizing price of Bt cotton seed and reveals that Monsanto and Delta and Pine Land are indeed leaving money on the table in the form of unexploited profit opportunities.  However, we estimate that the presence of heterogeneous adopters explains over 80% of the rents that accrue to the farmers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Bt cotton; Heterogeneous adopters; Innovation; Monopoly pricing; Technology; Valuation distribution; L1; O3; Q1.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43469

Do Refuge Requirements for Biotechnology Crops Promote Economic Efficiency? Some Evidence for Bt Cotton
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Livingston,   Michael J.; Storer,   Nicholas P.; Van Duyn,   John W.; Kennedy,   George G.
We examine producer behavior, resistance evolution, and returns under alternative refuge requirements in an eastern North Carolina region with multiple corn, cotton, and soybean fields infested by a mobile pest. Returns are highest, pyrethroid sprays occur least frequently, and pyrethroid resistance evolution is delayed most effectively with no refuge requirement. Complying with the current 20% refuge requirement costs the producer $8.67 per cotton acre, or $34.21 per non-transgenic insecticidal (Bt) cotton acre. Returns are highest under each refuge requirement when one-toxin Bt cotton is not phased out; however, removal of the technology at the earliest phase-out date minimizes regional pyrethroid sprays.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Bollworm; Bt cotton; Pyrethroids; Resistance; Structured refuge; Unstructured refuge; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q16; Q56; Q57; Q58; R34; R38.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6619

SIZE AND DISTRIBUTION OF MARKET BENEFITS FROM ADOPTING BIOTECH CROPS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Price,   Gregory K.; Lin,   William W.; Falck-Zepeda,   Jose Benjamin; Fernandez-Cornejo,   Jorge.
This study estimates the total benefit arising from the adoption of agricultural biotechnology in one year (1997) and its distribution among key stakeholders along the production and marketing chain. The analysis focuses on three biotech crops: herbicide-tolerant soybeans, insect-resistant (Bt) cotton, and herbicide-tolerant cotton. Adoption of these crops resulted in estimated market benefits of $212.5-$300.7 million for Bt cotton, $231.8 million for herbicide-tolerant cotton, and $307.5 million for herbicide-tolerant soybeans. These benefits accounted for small shares of crop production value, ranging from 2 percent to 5 percent. U.S. farmers captured a much larger share (about a third) of the benefits for Bt cotton than with herbicide-tolerant soybeans...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural biotechnology; Distribution of benefits; Bt cotton; Herbicide-tolerant cotton; Herbicide-tolerant soybeans; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33562

Socio-Economic Impact of Bt Cotton — A Case Study of Karnataka
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kiresur,   V.R.; Ichangi,   Manjunath.
The performance Bt technology and its impact on farming community have been assessed in northern Karnataka based mainly on primary data processed using production functions, decomposition analysis and logit model. On an average, per farm area under Bt cotton was 2.21 ha, accounting for 66 per cent of the total landholding. With a yield of 24 q/ha, Bt cotton has registered 31 per cent higher yield and 151 per cent higher net return over non-Bt, the net additional benefit being ` 18429/ha. The non-Bt cotton farmers use chemical fertilizers, organic manures and bullock labour excessively which result in a lower net returns. Technology has been found the major contributor to the total productivity difference between Bt and non- Bt cottons. Seed cost, yield of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Bt cotton; Bt technology; Bt crop; Karnataka; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q16; Q12.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109418

Certainty Equivalent Farm Returns from Bt and Non-Bt Cotton
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Banerjee,   Swagata (Ban); Martin,   Steven W.
Replaced with revised version of paper 02/14/06.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bt cotton; Certainty equivalent; Insecticide; Refuge; Returns; Risk; Simulated yield; Spray; Farm Management.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35383

Farm Profits from Stochastic and On-Farm Yields of Bt and Non-Bt Cotton in the Mississippi Delta
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Banerjee,   Swagata (Ban); Martin,   Steven W.; Wetzstein,   Michael E.
Copy on AgEcon Search replaced with a revised copy 2/14/06.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bt cotton; Refuge; Returns; Risk; Simulated yield; Spray; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35653

The Economic Impact and the Distribution of Benefits and Risk from the Adoption of Insect Resistant (Bt)  Cotton in West Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Falck-Zepeda,   Jose Benjamin; Horna,   J. Daniela; Smale,   Melinda.
Cotton is the largest source of export receipts of several West African countries. Statistics however show a decreasing tendency in cotton yields and an increasing tendency in pesticide use. Under this circumstances there appear to be potential payoffs from the use of biotechnology products in the farming systems of the region. In this study we estimate different scenarios for the potential deployment of insect resistant cotton in selected countries in West Africa (WA). We use an economic surplus model augmented with a more rigorous sensitivity analysis of model parameters. Hypothetical scenarios of Bt cotton adoption in WA are simulated and single point values of model parameters are substituted with probability distributions. The scenarios include: no...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bt cotton; West Africa; Economic surplus; Risk; Probability distributions; Impact assessment; Net benefits; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42395

Betting on cotton: Potential payoffs and economic risks of adopting transgenic cotton in West Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Falck-Zepeda,   Jose Benjamin; Horna,   J. Daniela; Smale,   Melinda.
Cotton is the largest source of export receipts in several West African nations where yields are declining and pesticide use is rising. Although there may be payoffs to introducing genetically modified Bt (Bacillus thurigiensis) cotton, limited information is available to predict its potential economic impact and there is uncertainty about its performance. Recognizing these constraints, we use an economic surplus model augmented with stochastic simulation to estimate ex ante the impact and distribution of benefits from Bt cotton. We consider the effects of adoption on both yields and abating crop damage, and offer scenarios depicting the policy options faced by West African stakeholders. The findings indicate that although the total net benefits of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crop biotechnology; Bt cotton; Economic surplus model; West Africa; Agricultural development; Risk; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56962

Effects of Bt Cotton in India During the First Five Years of Adoption
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sadashivappa,   Prakash; Qaim,   Matin.
While previous research has analyzed the impacts of Bt cotton in India, most available studies are based on one or two years of data only. We analyze the technology’s performance over the first five years of adoption, using panel data with three rounds of observations. On average, Bt adopting farmers realize pesticide reductions of about 40%, and yield advantages of 30-40%. Profit gains are in a magnitude of US $60 per acre. These benefits have been sustainable over time. Farmers’ satisfaction is reflected in a high willingness to pay for Bt seeds. Nonetheless, in 2006 Indian state governments decided to establish price caps at levels much lower than what companies had charged before. This intervention has further increased farmers’ profits, but the impact...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Bt cotton; Genetically modified crops; Farm survey; India; Seed markets; Technology adoption; Willingness to pay (WTP); Environmental Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O32; O33; Q16; Q55; Q58.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49947

CAN GM-TECHNOLOGIES HELP AFRICAN SMALLHOLDERS? THE IMPACT OF BT COTTON IN THE MAKHATHINI FLATS OF KWAZULU-NATAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beyers,   Lindie; Thirtle,   Colin G.
Analysis of a survey of the 1998-99 and 1999-2000 seasons for the same 100 smallholders in the Makhathini Flats region of KwaZulu-Natal shows that Bt cotton has performed better than other varieties.  Having two years of data for the same farmers allows innate efficiency differences, due to factors such as farm size, to be separated from the effects of the new technology, which is not normally possible. Farmers who adopted Bt cotton in 1999-2000 benefited according to all the measures used.  Higher yields and lower chemical costs outweighed higher seed costs, giving higher gross margins. These measures showed negative benefits in 1998-99, which conflicts with continued adoption, but stochastic efficiency frontier estimation, which takes account of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: KwaZulu-Natal; Bt cotton; Stochastic Frontiers; Efficiency; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25922

GM Technology Adoption, Production Risk and On-farm Varietal Diversity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Krishna,   Vijesh V.; Zilberman,   David; Qaim,   Matin.
This paper examines the impact of transgenic technology adoption on varietal diversity. Transgenic pest-resistant varieties are hypothesized to reduce farmers’ demand for on-farm diversity through an act of substitution, as both serve as production risk reducing instruments. This adverse agro-biodiversity impact might be partially counteracted by an expanding seed sector, supplying a large number of transgenic varieties. The case of Bt cotton in India is taken for empirical illustration. The production function analyses show that both Bt technology and on-farm varietal diversity enhance yield, while reducing the production risk. With few Bt varieties available in the first years, technology adoption entailed a reduction in on-farm varietal diversity. This...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agro-biodiversity; Bt cotton; Production risk; Transgenic technology; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49173

Economic Performance of Bt Cotton Varieties in Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nazli,   Hina; Sarker,   Rakhal; Meilke,   Karl D.; Orden,   David.
Farmers in Pakistan have been growing cotton that contains the first generation of Bt gene since 2002. The cultivation of these varieties, although formally unapproved and unregulated, increased rapidly after 2005. In 2007, nearly 60 percent of the cotton area was under BT varieties. This paper examines the economic performance of Bt cotton in Pakistan based on data collected through a structured questionnaire survey in January-February 2009 in two districts (Bahawalpur and Mirpur Khas). The extent of the impact of Bt cotton on costs of production and yield gains are different across the two districts with their diverse agro-climatic conditions and pest pressures. Seed expenditures increase in both districts, but a decline in the number of bollworm sprays...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bt cotton; Economic performance; Pakistan; Bahawalpur; Mirpur Khas; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61181

Transgenic technology adoption and on-farm varietal diversity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Krishna,   Vijesh V.; Zilberman,   David; Qaim,   Matin.
Transgenic pest-resistant varieties are hypothesized to reduce farmers’ demand for on-farm diversity through an act of substitution, as both serve as production risk reducing instruments. This adverse agro-biodiversity impact of technology adoption might be partially counteracted by an expanding seed sector, supplying a large number of transgenic varieties. The case of Bt cotton in India is taken for empirical illustration. The production function analyses show that both Bt technology and on-farm varietal diversity enhance yield, while reducing the production risk. With few Bt varieties available in the first years, technology adoption entailed a reduction in on-farm varietal diversity. This effect, however, was partially offset by more Bt varieties...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agro-biodiversity; Bt cotton; India; Production risk analysis.; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51750

Can Bt Technology Reduce Poverty Among African Cotton Growers?  An Ex Ante Analysis of the Private and Social Profitability of Bt Cotton Seed in Mozambique.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pitoro,   Raul; Walker,   Thomas S.; Tschirley,   David L.; Swinton,   Scott M.; Boughton,   Duncan; de Marrule,   Higino Francisco.
This paper presents an ex ante analysis of the private and social profitability of the introduction of Bt cotton for a major cotton producing area of northern Mozambique.   Cotton is especially relevant to rural poverty reduction because smallholders often have few alternative cash earning activities, and yields are among the lowest in Africa.  Multivariate regression is used to quantify the relationship between pest control and yield loss at farm level as a basis for estimating the expected yield gain from the introduction of Bt cotton.  Partial budget analysis of technical packages with and without Bt cotton seed reveals a strong divergence between private (negative) and social (positive) profitability.  The Mozambique case indicates that effective...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bt cotton; Social profitability; Poverty reduction; Mozambique; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51633

The Diffusion of Bt Cotton and the Economic Impact on Producers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Juarez,   M.I.
The objective is to present the economic impact of producers adopting Bt cotton and the rapid diffusion on the main producing countries: USA, China and India. The existing literature about this type of transgenic crop has been revised and the results of different research are presented. Bt cotton varieties have been quickly adopted by the countries in this study. Data show that this technology helps reduce production losses and significantly decrease the use of pesticides, thus saving their cost and the associated labour cost. But the total cost reduction is weak due to the high prices of the seeds incorporating this technology.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation diffusion; Bt cotton; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43975

Adoption of Bt Cotton: Threats and Challenges
Provedor de dados: 117
Autores: Faisal Bilal,Muhammad; Farrukh Saleem,Muhammad; Ashfaq Wahid,Muhammad; Shakeel,Amir; Maqbool,Mudassar.
Adopting new technology always involves advantages and risks; Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a new technology well known in developed countries for its many advantages, such as reduced pesticide application, better insect pest control, and higher lint yield. However, its success in developing countries is still a question mark. Global adoption of Bt cotton has risen dramatically from 0.76 million ha when introduced in 1996 to 7.85 million ha in the 2005 cotton-growing season where 54% of the cotton crops in the USA, 76% in China, and 80% in Australia were grown with single or multiple Bt genes. Bollworms are serious cotton pests causing 30-40% yield reduction in Pakistan and 20-66% potential crop losses in India. The major advances shown in this...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bt cotton; Management; Gossypium hirsutum.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000300017