Consulta: subjectFacets:"Climate change"
Registros recuperados: 612
Data/hora: 08/06/2024 02:32:23

Relación del escurrimiento superficial y el crecimiento poblacional en el Río de las Avenidas en Pachuca, Hidalgo.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Romero Bautista, Alejandro.
El desarrollo sostenible de una nación no considera separación entre los factores económicos, ecológicos, sociales, políticos y culturales. Al tratarse de la conservación y buen manejo del recurso hídrico, es indispensable la convergencia de dichos factores. En México, es necesaria la construcción de nuevas y mejores relaciones entre la política hídrica y la urbana, dado el deterioro de las fuentes de agua de las que depende la mayor parte de los habitantes. Aquí se argumenta la existencia y aplicación de herramientas de análisis y gestión viables, con las que, es posible generar un modelo de desarrollo urbano acorde con la disponibilidad y sustentabilidad de los recursos naturales para la cuenca del Río de las Avenidas de Pachuca. En forma general, los...
Palavras-chave: Avenidas máximas; Inundaciones; Agua subterránea; Cambio climático; Sistemas de información geográfica; Proyecto PLATAH; Hidrociencias; Doctorado; Maximum floods; Flooding; Groundwater; Climate change; Geographic information sistem; Project PLATAH.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1813

Efecto del estrés hídrico y por altas temperaturas sobre algunas características de crecimiento, distribución de biomasa y composición isotópica de carbono de poblaciones de Pinus pinceana
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Martiñón Martínez, Rodrigo Julián.
Con el propósito de determinar las posibilidades de adaptación de Pinus pinceana Gord. a condiciones ambientales asociadas al cambio climático, conocer algunos de los mecanismos fisiológicos involucrados e identificar poblaciones con una mejor respuesta a dichas condiciones, se evaluó el efecto del estrés por sequía y por temperatura sobre el crecimiento, distribución de biomasa, composición isotópica de carbono (δ13C), y tasa relativa de crecimiento (TRC) en plantas de diferentes poblaciones bajo condiciones de invernadero. El diseño experimental incluyó dos ambientes de temperatura, con una diferencia promedio de 2 ºC y dos condiciones de disponibilidad de agua. Los dos factores de estrés ocasionaron una reducción en el crecimiento, la acumulación de...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptación; Cambio climático; Distribución de biomasa; Relación parte aérea-raíz; Variación genética; Δ13C; Eficiencia en el uso del agua; Tasa relativa de crecimiento; Maestría; Forestal; Adaptation; Climate change; Biomass allocation; Shoot-root ratio; Genetic variation; Δ13C; Water use efficiency; Relative growth rate.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1360

Efecto del estrés hídrico y por altas temperaturas sobre algunas características de crecimiento, distribución de biomasa y composición isotópica de carbono de poblaciones de Pinus pinceana
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Martiñón Martínez, Rodrigo Julián.
Con el propósito de determinar las posibilidades de adaptación de Pinus pinceana Gord. a condiciones ambientales asociadas al cambio climático, conocer algunos de los mecanismos fisiológicos involucrados e identificar poblaciones con una mejor respuesta a dichas condiciones, se evaluó el efecto del estrés por sequía y por temperatura sobre el crecimiento, distribución de biomasa, composición isotópica de carbono (δ13C), y tasa relativa de crecimiento (TRC) en plantas de diferentes poblaciones bajo condiciones de invernadero. El diseño experimental incluyó dos ambientes de temperatura, con una diferencia promedio de 2 ºC y dos condiciones de disponibilidad de agua. Los dos factores de estrés ocasionaron una reducción en el crecimiento, la acumulación de...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptación; Cambio climático; Distribución de biomasa; Relación parte aérea-raíz; Variación genética; Δ13C; Eficiencia en el uso del agua; Tasa relativa de crecimiento Adaptation; Climate change; Biomass allocation; Shoot-root ratio; Genetic variation; Δ13C; Water use efficiency; Relative growth rate.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1032

Dendrofisiología de Taxodium mucronatum Ten. en el centro de México durante el último siglo.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Correa Díaz, Arian.
La evaluación del desempeño fisiológico en especies forestales sobre el tiempo (dendrofisiología), es importante debido a que permite conocer el comportamiento de la vegetación en una atmósfera de composición cambiante; tal como ha ocurrido en el último siglo. Este trabajo analiza la respuesta del ahuehuete (Taxodium mucronatum Ten.) ha cambios en la concentración de CO2 en el último siglo. Se desarrollaron series dendrocronológicas de ancho de anillo de ahuehuete en el centro de México, para estudiar su correlación con el clima y cambios en la eficiencia de uso de agua intrínseca (iWUE). Los sitios fueron: San Felipe-Estado de México (SF), San Miguel-Querétaro (SM), Tasquillo-Hidalgo (TA) y Jantetelco-Morelos (JA); localizados en diferentes condiciones...
Palavras-chave: Índice de Ancho de Anillo; Análisis dual de isótopos; Cambio climático; Ahuehuete; Ring width index; Dual isotope analyses; Climate change; Montezuma baldcypress; Forestal; Maestría.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2251

Variabilidad climática, eficiencia de uso de agua intrínseca y crecimiento del área basal en Bosques del norte de México.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Castruita Esparza, Luis Ubaldo.
Esta investigación se centró en las respuestas fisiológicas de Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, Abies concolor (Gordon &amp; Glend.) Lindl., Abies durangensis Martínez, y Abies guatemalensis Rehder ante los recientes cambios en la concentración de CO2 atmosférico y variabilidad climática. A partir de las series de anillos de crecimiento de cada especie, seguido de estudios retrospectivos sobre el estado hídrico, eficiencia de uso de agua intrínseca y el crecimiento radial. También, se llevaron a cabo pronósticos de incremento en área basal para Picea chihuahuana Martínez. Este documento se estructura en seis capítulos, cuatro de ellos fueron escritos en formato de manuscrito científico. Estos manuscritos fueron escritos en inglés para facilitar su...
Palavras-chave: Dendroecología; Isótopos; Cambio climático; Productividad forestal; Dendroecology; Isotopes; Climate change; Forest productivity; Ciencias Forestales; Doctorado.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2384

Legislación, cambio de uso de suelo y reforestación en manglares de Cárdenas, Tabasco.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Hernández Melchor, Gloria Isela.
En México, las causas de la deforestación del manglar son diversas al igual que sus efectos, lo que repercute en el aumento de los niveles de marginación en comunidades que dependen de la pesca como su principal actividad. Por lo que se considera necesario generar información local y regional en donde se delimiten las causas antrópicas que dan origen a la perdida de los manglares, para identificar posibles alternativas que permitan reducir su deforestación. En este sentido el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo identificar las acciones antrópicas que repercuten en la deforestación de los manglares de la costa de Tabasco, mediante la revisión de las leyes aplicables al manglar, mismas que fueron contrastadas con las actividades económicas que se desarrollan...
Palavras-chave: Manglar; Legislación; Uso de suelo; Deforestación; Cambio climático; Mangrove; Legislation; Land use; Deforestation; Climate change; Agroecosistemas Tropicales; Doctorado.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2356

Variabilidad genética de la termosensibilidad en poblaciones de maíz nativo de México: una aportación al reto del cambio climático.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Sánchez Ramírez, Francisco Javier.
El presente estudio se realizó para conocer la variabilidad genética del maíz nativo de diferente origen ecológico (frío, templado y subtropical) para responder ante condiciones de temperatura alta, principalmente; considerando esta como uno de los   principales escenarios provocados por el cambio climático que actualmente amenaza a la diversidad del maíz nativo. La valoración del efecto de temperaturas contrastantes sobre la germinación mostró que afectaron la duración del proceso más no la  germinación total. La dinámica de acumulación de biomasa en la plántula (BP), mediante la cuantificación de la biomasa en la parte aérea (BPa), en la raíz (BRa), en el mesocótilo (BMe), la biomasa consumida en la respiración (BCR), el pericarpio más los restos del...
Palavras-chave: Zea mays; Poblaciones nativas; Cambio climático; Termosensibilidad; Native populations; Climate change; Thermosensitivity; Maestría; Genética.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/739

Socioeconomics, Policy, or Climate Change: What is Driving Vulnerability in Southern Portugal?
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Moors, Eddy J.; ALTERRA; eddy.moors@wur.nl; Fraser, Evan D. G.; Department of Geography, University of Guelph; University of Leeds ; frasere@uoguelph.ca.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Drought; Portugal; System dynamics modeling; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2011

Toward a new conceptualization of household adaptive capacity to climate change: applying a risk governance lens
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Elrick-Barr, Carmen E; University of the Sunshine Coast; celrick@usc.edu.au; Preston, Benjamin L; Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; prestonbl@ornl.gov; Thomsen, Dana C; University of the Sunshine Coast; dthomsen@usc.edu.au; Smith, Timothy F.; University of the Sunshine Coast; TSmith5@usc.edu.au.
Increasing evidence highlights the importance of context-specific understanding of the impacts of climate change and the need to move beyond generalized assumptions regarding the nature and utility of adaptive capacity in facilitating adaptation. The household level of impact and response is an under-researched context, despite influential decisions affecting local and system vulnerability being made at this scale. Assessments of household adaptive capacity currently assess the influences of adaptive capacity or the influences on adaptive capacity in isolation. We argue that comprehensive assessments need to examine these influences in combination to capture a dynamic and integrated view of households that better reflects their positioning and role(s) in...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Household; Multi-scale.
Ano: 2014

Integrating Expert Knowledge into Mapping Ecosystem Services Trade-offs for Sustainable Forest Management
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Brunner, Sibyl H.; Planning of Landscape and Urban Systems (PLUS), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich ; brunner@nsl.ethz.ch; Altwegg, Juerg; Planning of Landscape and Urban Systems (PLUS), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich ; altwegg@nsl.ethz.ch; Christen, Marc; WSL - Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF; christen@slf.ch; Bebi, Peter; WSL - Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF; bebi@slf.ch.
Mountain ecosystems are highly sensitive to global change. In fact, the continued capacity of mountain regions to provide goods and services to society is threatened by the impact of environmental changes on ecosystems. Although mapping ecosystem services values is known to support sustainable resource management, the integration of spatially explicit local expert knowledge on ecosystem dynamics and social responses to global changes has not yet been integrated in the modeling process. This contribution demonstrates the importance of integrating local knowledge into the spatially explicit valuation of ecosystem services. Knowledge acquired by expert surveys flows into a GIS-based Bayesian Network for valuing forest ecosystem services under a land-use and a...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Bayesian network; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Expert survey; Forest management; Land-use change; Mapping; Mountain ecosystem; Trade-offs; Uncertainty.
Ano: 2013

Measuring perceptions of climate change in northern Alaska: pairing ethnography with cultural consensus analysis
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Carothers, Courtney; School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks; clcarothers@alaska.edu; Brown, Caroline; Division of Subsistence, Alaska Department of Fish and Game; caroline.brown@alaska.gov; Moerlein, Katie J; School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks; katie.moerlein@gmail.com; Andersen, David B.; Research North; resnorth@eagle.ptialaska.net; Retherford, Brittany; Division of Subsistence, Alaska Department of Fish and Game; brittany.retherford@alaska.gov.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Arctic; Climate change; Cultural consensus analysis; Fishing; Indigenous peoples; Local and traditional ecological knowledge; Subsistence.
Ano: 2014

Coping with Multiple Stresses in Rural South Africa
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Quinn, Claire H.; Leeds University; c.h.quinn@leeds.ac.uk; Ziervogel, Gina; Department of Environmental and Geographical Science, University of Cape Town; gina@csag.uct.ac.za; Taylor, Anna; Stockholm Environment Institute ;; Takama, Takeshi; Stockholm Environment Institute;; Thomalla, Frank; Department of Environment and Geography, Macquarie University ;.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Food security; Multiple stressors; Sub-Saharan Africa; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2011

Total Environment of Change: Impacts of Climate Change and Social Transitions on Subsistence Fisheries in Northwest Alaska
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Moerlein, Katie J; School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks; kmoerle1@alaska.edu; Carothers, Courtney; School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks; clcarothers@alaska.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Arctic; Climate change; Environmental anthropology; Fisheries; Human dimensions; Local knowledge; Social-ecological systems; Subsistence; Traditional ecological knowledge.
Ano: 2012

Resilience to climate change in a cross-scale tourism governance context: a combined quantitative-qualitative network analysis
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Luthe, Tobias; University of Applied Sciences Chur, Institute for Tourism and Leisure, Switzerland; University of Freiburg, Centre for Key Qualifications, Germany; info@tobiasluthe.de.
Social systems in mountain regions are exposed to a number of disturbances, such as climate change. Calls for conceptual and practical approaches on how to address climate change have been taken up in the literature. The resilience concept as a comprehensive theory-driven approach to address climate change has only recently increased in importance. Limited research has been undertaken concerning tourism and resilience from a network governance point of view. We analyze tourism supply chain networks with regard to resilience to climate change at the municipal governance scale of three Alpine villages. We compare these with a planned destination management organization (DMO) as a governance entity of the same three municipalities on the regional scale....
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Core-periphery integration; Social network analysis; Stakeholder perceptions; Tourism destination; Transformation.
Ano: 2016

Biodiversity governance and social-ecological system dynamics: transformation in the Australian Alps
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Lockwood, Michael; Geography and Environmental Studies, School of Land &amp; Food, University of Tasmania; Michael.Lockwood@utas.edu.au; Mitchell, Michael; Geography and Environmental Studies, School of Land &amp; Food, University of Tasmania; Michael.Mitchell@utas.edu.au; Moore, Susan A.; School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University ; S.Moore@murdoch.edu.au; Clement, Sarah; School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University ; S.Clement@murdoch.edu.au.
Biodiversity conservation continues to be a challenging task for societies worldwide. We undertook a resilience assessment to address the following question: What are the ramifications of social-ecological system dynamics for biodiversity governance of a nationally significant landscape? Resilience assessment offers promise for guiding response strategies, potentially enabling consideration of ecological, social, economic, and governance influences on biodiversity-related activities. Most resilience assessments have, however, struggled to effectively incorporate governance influences. We applied a modified version of the Resilience Alliance workbook approach to explicitly address governance influences at each stage of an assessment of internationally...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive cycle; Biodiversity; Climate change; Governance; Resilience assessment; Transformation.
Ano: 2014

Seeking our shared wisdom: a framework for understanding knowledge coproduction and coproductive capacities
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Schuttenberg, H. Z.; School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Sustainable International Development, University of Aberdeen, UK; currently with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), E3 Bureau, Office of Forestry and Biodiversity; Heidi.Schuttenberg@gmail.com; Guth, Heidi K.; Kai Ho&amp;#699;oulu LLLC and Polynesian Voyaging Society; HeidiKai@gmail.com.
The widespread disconnect between scientific projections of climate change and the implementation of responsive management actions has escalated calls for knowledge production processes able to exercise a stronger voice in decision making. Recently, the concept of coproduction has been championed as a potential answer. The term &amp;#8216;knowledge coproduction&amp;#8217; is used loosely in the literature to describe an inclusive, iterative approach to creating new information; it is distinguished by its focus on facilitating interactions between stakeholders to develop an integrated or transformational understanding of a sustainability problem. Whether a coproduction process is successful in this integration of science and policy depends on a range of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Coproduction; Coral reef management; Governance; Traditional ecological knowledge.
Ano: 2015

Transformation from &amp;#8220;Carbon Valley&amp;#8221; to a &amp;#8220;Post-Carbon Society&amp;#8221; in a Climate Change Hot Spot: the Coalfields of the Hunter Valley, New South Wales, Australia
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Evans, Geoffrey R.; University of Newcastle (Australia), Ecosystem Health Research Group; Geoffrey.r.evans@bigpond.com.
This paper examines the possibilities for transformation of a climate-change hot spot&amp;#8212;the coal-producing Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia&amp;#8212;using complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory. It uses CAS theory to understand the role of coal in the region&amp;#8217;s history and efforts to strengthen the ecological, economic, and social resilience of the region&amp;#8217;s coal industry in the face of demands for a shift from fossil fuel dependency to clean, renewable energy and genuine resilience and sustainability. It uses CAS theory to understand ways in which the resilience of two alternative futures, labeled &amp;#8220;Carbon Valley&amp;#8221; and &amp;#8220;Post-Carbon Society&amp;#8221; (Heinberg 2004), might evolve.   The...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Coal; Complex adaptive systems; Hunter Valley  Australia; Panarchy; Resilience; Sustainability; Transition.
Ano: 2008

Resilience and Vulnerability: Complementary or Conflicting Concepts?
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Miller, Fiona; Department of Resource Management and Geography, University of Melbourne; millerf@unimelb.edu.au; Osbahr, Henny; School of Agriculture, Policy and Development and the Walker Institute for Climate Systems Research, University of Reading; h.osbahr@reading.ac.uk; Boyd, Emily; Sustainability Research Institute, University of Leeds; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; e.boyd@leeds.ac.uk; Bharwani, Sukaina; Stockholm Environment Institute (Oxford); sukaina.bharwani@sei.se; Ziervogel, Gina; Stockholm Environment Institute (Oxford); Climate Systems Analysis Group (CSAG), University of Cape Town; gina@egs.uct.ac.za; Walker, Brian; CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Australia; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; Brian.Walker@csiro.au; van der Leeuw, Sander; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University; vanderle@asu.edu; Hinkel, Jochen ; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research; hinkel@pik-potsdam.de; Downing, Tom; Stockholm Environment Institute (Oxford); tomdowning.sei@gmail.com; Folke, Carl; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; The Beijer Institute, Stockholm University; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se; Nelson, Donald; Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia; Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia; dnelson@uga.edu.
Resilience and vulnerability represent two related yet different approaches to understanding the response of systems and actors to change; to shocks and surprises, as well as slow creeping changes. Their respective origins in ecological and social theory largely explain the continuing differences in approach to social-ecological dimensions of change. However, there are many areas of strong convergence. This paper explores the emerging linkages and complementarities between the concepts of resilience and vulnerability to identify areas of synergy. We do this with regard to theory, methodology, and application. The paper seeks to go beyond just recognizing the complementarities between the two approaches to demonstrate how researchers are actively engaging...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Hazards; Interdisciplinarity; Resilience; Social-ecological systems; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2010

The relationship between ecological restoration and the ecosystem services concept
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Alexander, Sasha; University of Western Australia; sashaalexander108@gmail.com; Aronson, James; Restoration Ecology Group, Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CNRS-UMR 5175); Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden; ja42014@gmail.com; Whaley, Oliver; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; o.whaley@kew.org; Lamb, David; School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland; david.lamb@uq.edu.au.
Ecological restoration and the mainstreaming of the concept of ecosystem services will be critical if global society is to move toward sustainability. Conference of the Parties 21 (COP21) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and COP12 of the Convention on Biological Diversity should help foster support for vastly increased investment in the better management and restoration of natural capital. Large-scale restoration demonstrably improves ecological functioning to sustain both biodiversity and human well-being. However, much progress is needed to improve the effectiveness and cost efficiency of any restoration. The ecosystem services concept provides a framework for identifying the types of restorative interventions needed to target...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Ecosystem services; Land degradation; Land use; Large-scale ecological restoration; Restoring natural capital  rural communities  sustainable development.
Ano: 2016

Anthropogenic Drivers of Ecosystem Change: an Overview
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Nelson, Gerald C; University of Illinois; gnelson@uiuc.edu; Bennett, Elena; McGill University;; Berhe, Asmeret A; University of California at Berkeley;; Cassman, Kenneth; University of Nebraska;; DeFries, Ruth; University of Maryland;; Dietz, Thomas; Michigan State University;; Dobermann, Achim; University of Nebraska;; Dobson, Andrew; Princeton University;; Janetos, Anthony; Joint Global Change Research Institute;; Levy, Marc; Columbia University;; Nakicenovic, Nebojsa; Vienna University of Technology;; O'Neill,  Brian; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis;; Norgaard, Richard; University of California at Berkeley;; Petschel-Held, Gerhard; ;; Ojima, Dennis; Colorado State University;; Pingali, Prabhu; FAO;; Watson, Robert; World Bank;; Zurek, Monika; FAO;.
This paper provides an overview of what the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) calls &amp;#8220;indirect and direct drivers&amp;#8221; of change in ecosystem services at a global level. The MA definition of a driver is any natural or human-induced factor that directly or indirectly causes a change in an ecosystem. A direct driver unequivocally influences ecosystem processes. An indirect driver operates more diffusely by altering one or more direct drivers. Global driving forces are categorized as demographic, economic, sociopolitical, cultural and religious, scientific and technological, and physical and biological. Drivers in all categories other than physical and biological are considered indirect. Important direct drivers include changes in climate,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Drivers of change; Direct drivers; Indirect drivers; Demographic drivers; Economic drivers; Sociopolitical drivers; Cultural and religious drivers; Scientific and technological drivers; Physical and biological drivers; Climate change; Plant nutrient use; Land conversion; Diseases; Invasive species.
Ano: 2006

Three horizons: a pathways practice for transformation
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Sharpe, Bill; International Futures Forum, The Boathouse, Silversands, Aberdour, Fife, UK; bill@billsharpe.eu; Hodgson, Anthony; International Futures Forum, The Boathouse, Silversands, Aberdour, Fife, UK; Centre for Environmental Change and Human Resilience, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK ; tony@decisionintegrity.co.uk; Leicester, Graham; International Futures Forum, The Boathouse, Silversands, Aberdour, Fife, UK; graham@internationalfuturesforum.com; Lyon, Andrew; International Futures Forum, The Boathouse, Silversands, Aberdour, Fife, UK; andrew@internationalfuturesforum.com; Fazey, Ioan; Centre for Environmental Change and Human Resilience, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK ; i.fazey@dundee.ac.uk.
Global environmental change requires responses that involve marked or qualitative changes in individuals, institutions, societies, and cultures. Yet, while there has been considerable effort to develop theory about such processes, there has been limited research on practices for facilitating transformative change. We present a novel pathways approach called Three Horizons that helps participants work with complex and intractable problems and uncertain futures. The approach is important for helping groups work with uncertainty while also generating agency in ways not always addressed by existing futures approaches. We explain how the approach uses a simple framework for structured and guided dialogue around different patterns of change by using examples. We...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation pathways; Climate change; Scenarios; Transformation; Transition.
Ano: 2016

The role of knowledge and power in climate change adaptation governance: a systematic literature review
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Vink, Martinus J.; Public Administration and Policy Group, Wageningen University; martinus.vink@wur.nl; Dewulf, Art; Public Administration and Policy Group, Wageningen University; art.dewulf@wur.nl; Termeer, Catrien; Public Administration and Policy Group, Wageningen University; katrien.termeer@wur.nl.
The long-term character of climate change and the high costs of adaptation measures, in combination with their uncertain effects, turn climate adaptation governance into a torturous process. We systematically review the literature on climate adaptation governance to analyze the scholarly understanding of these complexities. Building on governance literature about long-term and complex policy problems, we develop a conceptual matrix based on the dimensions knowledge and power to systematically study the peer-reviewed literature on climate adaptation governance. We find that about a quarter of the reviewed journal articles do not address the knowledge or power dimension of the governance of climate change adaptation, about half of the articles discuss either...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive institutions; Climate change; Governance of climate adaptation; Interactive framing; Learning; Literature on climate adaptation; Models; Negotiating; Politics.
Ano: 2013

Practices and Lessons Learned in Coping with Climatic Hazards at the River-Basin Scale: Floods and Droughts
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Krysanova, Valentina; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research; krysanova@pik-potsdam.de; Buiteveld, Hendrik; Center for Water Management; h.buiteveld@riza.rws.minvenw.nl; Haase, Dagmar; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; dagmar.haase@ufz.de; Hattermann, Fred F; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research; hattermann@pik-potsdam.de; van Niekerk, Kate; Institute of Natural Resources; VanNiekerk@ukzn.ac.za; Roest, Koen; Alterra - Wageningen University and Research Centre; Koen.Roest@wur.nl.
Climatic hazards such as floods and droughts have always been a primary matter of concern for human populations. Severe floods damage settlements, transport networks, and arable land. Although devastating droughts are harmful primarily for agriculture and terrestrial ecosystems, they can also lead to local water supply shortages. Despite significant achievements in science and technology and success stories in environmental management in the 20th century, people still continue to suffer the consequences of climate hazards worldwide. This paper provides an overview of existing practices for coping with floods and droughts, compares strategies in different river basins, and outlines the areas that need improvement. First, the existing protection measures and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Amudarya; Climate change; Climatic hazards; Coping strategy; Drought; Elbe; Flood; Guadiana; Nile; Orange; Rhine; Tisza; Water resources management.
Ano: 2008

Collapse of a historic oyster fishery: diagnosing causes and identifying paths toward increased resilience
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Camp, Edward V.; Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Program, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida; edvcamp@ufl.edu; Pine III, William E.; Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida; billpine@ufl.edu; Havens, Karl; Florida Sea Grant College Program and School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida; khavens@ufl.edu; Kane, Andrew S.; Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida; Aquatic Pathobiology Laboratories, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida; Center for Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Florida; kane@ufl.edu; Walters, Carl J.; Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia; c.walters@fisheries.ubc.ca; Irani, Tracy; Family, Youth and Community Sciences Department, University of Florida; Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida; irani@ufl.edu; Lindsey, Angela B; Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida; Family, Youth and Community Sciences Department and Center of Public Issues Education, University of Florida; ablindsey@ufl.edu; Morris, Jr., J. Glenn; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida; College of Medicine, University of Florida; JGMorris@epi.ufl.edu.
Diagnosing causal factors of change at the ecosystem level is challenging because multiple drivers often interact at various spatial and temporal scales. We employ an integrated natural and social science approach to assess potential mechanisms leading to the collapse of an estuarine social-ecological system, and recommend future paths to increased system resilience. Our case study is the collapse of the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) fishery in Apalachicola Bay, Florida, USA, and the associated impacts on local resource dependent communities. The oyster fishery collapse is the most recent in a series of environmental stressors to this region, which have included hurricanes and tropical storms, drought, and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. We found...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Community resilience; Drought; Estuaries; Oyster fishery.
Ano: 2015

Regional Farm Diversity Can Reduce Vulnerability of Food Production to Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Reidsma, Pytrik; Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University; pytrik.reidsma@wur.nl; Ewert, Frank; Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University; Crop Science Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn; frank.ewert@wur.nl.
Food production must adapt in the face of climate change. In Europe, projected vulnerability of food production to climate change is particularly high in Mediterranean regions. Increasing agricultural diversity has been suggested as an adaptation strategy, but empirical evidence is lacking. We analyzed the relationship between regional farm diversity (i.e., diversity among farm types) and the effects of climate variability on regional wheat (Triticum spp.) productivity. An extensive data set with information from more than 50&amp;nbsp;000 farms from 1990 to 2003 was analyzed, along with observed weather data. Our results suggest that the diversity in farm size and intensity, particularly high in Mediterranean regions, reduces vulnerability of regional...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Farm diversity; Regional crop productivity; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2008

The Neglect of Governance in Forest Sector Vulnerability Assessments:  Structural-Functionalism and &amp;#8220;Black Box&amp;#8221; Problems in Climate Change Adaptation Planning
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Wellstead, Adam M.; Michigan Technological University; awellste@mtu.edu; Howlett, Michael; Simon Fraser University; Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore; howlett@sfu.ca; Rayner, Jeremy; University of Saskatchewan; jeremy.rayner@usask.ca.
Efforts to develop extensive forest-based climate change vulnerability assessments have informed proposed management and policy options intended to promote improved on-the-ground policy outcomes. These assessments are derived from a rich vulnerability literature and are helpful in modeling complex ecosystem interactions, yet their policy relevance and impact has been limited. We argue this is due to structural-functional logic underpinning these assessments in which governance is treated as a procedural &amp;#8220;black box&amp;#8221; and policy-making as an undifferentiated and unproblematic output of a political system responding to input changes and/or system prerequisites. Like an earlier generation of systems or cybernetic thinking about political...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Forestry; Governance; Structural functionalism.
Ano: 2013

Climate Science, Development Practice, and Policy Interactions in Dryland Agroecological Systems
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Twyman, Chasca; Department of Geography, University of Sheffield; Sheffield Centre for International Drylands Research; C.Twyman@shef.ac.uk; Fraser, Evan D. G.; Department of Geography, University of Guelph; University of Leeds; frasere@uoguelph.ca; Stringer, Lindsay C.; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; l.stringer@leeds.ac.uk; Quinn, C.; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; C.H.Quinn@leeds.ac.uk; Dougill, Andrew J.; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; a.j.dougill@leeds.ac.uk; Crane, Todd A.; Technology and Agrarian Development, Wageningen University ; todd.crane@wur.nl; Sallu, Susannah M.; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; s.sallu@leeds.ac.uk.
The literature on drought, livelihoods, and poverty suggests that dryland residents are especially vulnerable to climate change.  However, assessing this vulnerability and sharing lessons between dryland communities on how to reduce vulnerability has proven difficult because of multiple definitions of vulnerability, complexities in quantification, and the temporal and spatial variability inherent in dryland agroecological systems. In this closing editorial, we review how we have addressed these challenges through a series of structured, multiscale, and interdisciplinary vulnerability assessment case studies from drylands in West Africa, southern Africa, Mediterranean Europe, Asia, and Latin America. These case studies adopt a common vulnerability framework...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Drylands; Scenarios; Narratives; Development; Livelihoods; Poverty; Policy.
Ano: 2011

Can Payments for Ecosystem Services Contribute to Adaptation to Climate Change? Insights from a Watershed in Kenya
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Mwangi, John K.; Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya; PhD Fellow, World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya ; joymwa86@yahoo.com; Namirembe, Sara; World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya ; s.namirembe@cgiar.org.
Climate change presents new challenges for the management of social-ecological systems and the ecosystem services they provide. Although the instrument of payments for ecosystem services (PES) has emerged as a promising tool to safeguard or enhance the provision of ecosystem services (ES), little attention has been paid to the potential role of PES in climate change adaptation. As an external stressor climate change has an impact on the social-ecological system in which PES takes place, including the various actors taking part in the PES scheme. Following a short description of the conceptual link between PES and adaptation to climate change, we provide practical insights into the relationship between PES and adaptation to climate change by presenting...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Climate variability; Payments for ecosystem services; Watershed.
Ano: 2014

Effects of Educational Attainment on Climate Risk Vulnerability
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Patt, Anthony G; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria; patt@iiasa.ac.at.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Education; Natural disasters; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2013

Exploring the Linkages between Climate Change and Sustainable Development: A Challenge for Transdisciplinary Research
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Munasinghe, Mohan; Munasinghe Institute for Development (MIND); mmunasinghe@worldbank.org.
In recent years, both sustainable development and climate change have become well known worldwide, and the work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has also focused on the nexus of these two key topics. The IPCC third assessment report confirms that global mean temperatures will rise 1.5-6 degrees Celsius during the next century. Furthermore, climate change will significantly affect the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of sustainable development, as well as key issues like poverty and equity. Therefore, the IPCC is seeking answers to important questions: how future development patterns will affect climate change; how climate change impacts, adaptation, and mitigation will affect future sustainable development prospects;...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate change; IPCC; Sustainable development; Transdisciplinary research.
Ano: 2001

REDD+ policy networks: exploring actors and power structures in an emerging policy domain
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Brockhaus, Maria; Center for International Forestry Research; m.brockhaus@cgiar.org; Di Gregorio, Monica; University of Leeds, Sustainability Research Institute; m.digregorio@leeds.ac.uk; Carmenta, Rachel; Center for International Forestry Research; R.Carmenta@cgiar.org.
Policy making is often neither rational nor solution-oriented, but driven by negotiations of interests of multiple actors that increasingly tend to take place in policy networks. Such policy networks integrate societal actors beyond the state, which all aim, to different degrees, at influencing ongoing policy processes and outcomes. Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) can be considered as such an emerging policy domain, in which actors cooperate and conflict in network structures, build coalitions and try to control information and finance flows relevant for REDD+ decision making. This special feature is the result of an extensive comparative research effort to investigate national level REDD+ policy processes and emerging...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Agency; Climate change; Comparative analysis; Discourse coalitions; Policy network analysis; Power; REDD+; SNA; Transformational change.
Ano: 2014

REDD+ policy making in Nepal: toward state-centric, polycentric, or market-oriented governance?
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Bushley, Bryan R; University of Hawai'i at Manoa; East-West Center; bushley@hawaii.edu.
Over the past 40 years, Nepal has become renowned for its community-based forestry policies, initiatives, and institutions, characterized by local autonomy in decisions about forest management and use and a gradual shift toward more inclusive national policy processes. In recent years, the government, international nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), donors, and some civil society organizations have instigated policy and piloting initiatives for an international climate change mitigation scheme known as &amp;#8220;reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries&amp;#8221; (REDD+). Although many people see REDD+ as a means of bolstering forest conservation efforts and enhancing...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Conservation; Decentralization; Forest governance; Policy networks; South Asia.
Ano: 2014

Vulnerability of the Tibetan Pastoral Systems to Climate and Global Change
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Wang, Yang; Peking University; iywang08@gmail.com; Wang, Jun; Peking University ShenZhen Graduate School; wangjun@pkusz.edu.cn; Li, Shuangcheng; Peking University; scli@urban.pku.edu.cn; Qin, Dahe; Peking University;China Meteorological Administration; qdh@cma.gov.cn.
The impacts of climate and global change on Tibetan pastoral systems have become increasingly evident. Thus, a significant research endeavor is to explore the combined effects of these changes on the livelihoods of herder households and communities, on the adaptation strategies they adopted to respond to the current and expected risks associated with these changes, and on the emerging opportunities that can strengthen their resilience and adaptive capacity. We performed an integrated analysis of the dynamics of Tibetan pastoral systems influenced by climate and global changes by using the analytical framework developed by Ostrom. Climate and global changes have significantly altered the attributes of and the interactions within Tibetan pastoral systems,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Global change; Herders; Livelihood; Tibetan Plateau; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2014

Adaptation or Manipulation? Unpacking Climate Change Response Strategies
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Thomsen, Dana C; Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast; dthomsen@usc.edu.au; Smith, Timothy F; Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast; tim.smith@usc.edu.au; Keys, Noni; Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast; nkeys@usc.edu.au.
Adaptation is a key feature of sustainable social&amp;#8211;ecological systems. As societies traverse various temporal and spatial scales, they are exposed to differing contexts and precursors for adaptation. A cursory view of the response to these differing contexts and precursors suggests the particular ability of persistent societies to adapt to changing circumstances. Yet a closer examination into the meaning of adaptation and its relationship to concepts of resilience, vulnerability, and sustainability illustrates that, in many cases, societies actually manipulate their social&amp;#8211;ecological contexts rather than adapt to them. It could be argued that manipulative behaviors are a subset of a broader suite of adaptive behaviors; however, this...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Learning; Manipulation; Path dependency; Resilience.
Ano: 2012

The Adaptation Policy Paradox: the Implementation Deficit of Policies Framed as Climate Change Adaptation
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Dupuis, Johann; Swiss Graduate School of Public Administration (IDHEAP), University of Lausanne; dupuis.johann@gmail.com; Knoepfel, Peter; Swiss Graduate School of Public Administration (IDHEAP), University of Lausanne; Peter.Knoepfel@idheap.unil.ch.
The implementation of adaptation policies suffers from barriers and limits; even though adaptation is now set on the political agendas of developed and developing countries, surprisingly few examples of concrete policy realizations are found in comparative assessments. We investigate how the framings of adaptation as a policy problem can relate to tractability issues in implementation. We distinguish three framings of adaptation: climate change adaptation (CCA), climate variability adaptation (CVA), and vulnerability-centered adaptation (VCA) that imply conflicting interpretations of the collective problem to be solved and the goals to be attained through policy solutions. Through the methodology of comparative case studies, we conduct an empirical...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Barriers; Climate change; Framing; Implementation; Policy coordination; Policy design; Political sciences; Public policy; Tractability.
Ano: 2013

Mainstreaming ecosystem-based adaptation: transformation toward sustainability in urban governance and planning
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Wamsler, Christine; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies (LUCSUS), Sweden; Centre for Societal Resilience (CSR), Sweden; Global Urban Research Centre (GURC), Manchester University, UK; christine.wamsler@lucsus.lu.se.
The concept of ecosystem-based adaptation is advocated at international, national, and regional levels. The concept is thought to foster sustainability transitions and is receiving increasing interest from academic and governmental bodies alike. However, there is little theory regarding the pathways for its systematic implementation. It furthermore remains unclear to what degree the concept is already applied in urban planning practice, how it is integrated into existing planning structures and processes, and what drivers exist for further integration. Against this background, this study examines potential ways to sustainably mainstream ecosystem-based adaptation into urban planning. Eight municipalities in Southern Germany were investigated to analyze the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Green infrastructure; Landscape planning; Municipal planning; Resilience; Risk reduction; Sustainability transitions; Sustainable transformation; Urban planning; Urban transformation.
Ano: 2015

Indigenous Past Climate Knowledge as Cultural Built-in Object and Its Accuracy
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Leclerc, Christian; CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Montpellier, France; christian.leclerc@cirad.fr; Mwongera, Caroline ; Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France; carolmwongera@yahoo.com.
In studying indigenous climate knowledge, two approaches can be envisioned. In the first, traditional knowledge is a cultural built-in object; conceived as a whole, its relevance can be assessed by referring to other cultural, economic, or technical components at work within an indigenous society. In the second, the accuracy of indigenous climate knowledge is assessed with western science knowledge used as an external reference. However, assessing the accuracy of indigenous climate knowledge remains a largely untapped area. We aim to show how accurate the culturally built indigenous climate knowledge of extreme climatic events is, and how amenable it is to fuzzy logic. A retrospective survey was carried out individually and randomly among 195 Eastern...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Drought; Ecological anthropology; Fuzzy logic; Kenya; Meru; Traditional ecological knowledge.
Ano: 2013

National Climate Change Policies and Sustainable Water Management: Conflicts and Synergies
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Pittock, Jamie; Australian National University; jamie.pittock@anu.edu.au.
Even in the absence of climate change, freshwater ecosystems and the resources they provide for people are under great pressure because of increasing demand for water and declines in water quality. The imminent onset of climate change will exacerbate these impacts, placing even greater pressure on already stressed resources and regions. A plethora of national climate change policies have been adopted that emphasize structural adjustment in the energy sector and increasing carbon sinks. To date, most public debate on water has focused on the direct impacts of climate change on hydrology. However, there is growing evidence that climate change policies themselves may have substantial additional and negative impacts on freshwater resources and ecosystems and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Conservation; Energy; Governments; Policies; Rivers.
Ano: 2011

Cultural Resilience of Social-ecological Systems in the Nenets and Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrugs, Russia: A Focus on Reindeer Nomads of the Tundra
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Forbes, Bruce C.; Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Finland; bforbes@ulapland.fi.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Hydrocarbon extraction; Nomadism; Rangifer tarandus; Siberia; Stewardship; West Siberian Tundra.
Ano: 2013

Using social representations theory to make sense of climate change: what scientists and nonscientists in Australia think
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Moloney, Gail; Psychology, Southern Cross University; gail.moloney@scu.edu.au; Leviston, Zoe; CSIRO, Land and Water Flagship; Zoe.Leviston@csiro.au; Lynam, Timothy; CSIRO, Social and Economic Sciences Program; tim.lynam@internode.on.net; Price, Jennifer; CSIRO, Land and Water Flagship;; Stone-Jovicich, Samantha; CSIRO, Land and Water Flagship;; Blair, Duncan; CSIRO, Land and Water Flagship;.
The mass media has ensured that the challenging and complex phenomenon of climate change now has the household familiarity of a brand name. But what is it that is understood by climate change, and by whom? What frame of reference is drawn upon to communicate meaningfully about climate change?  Do particular subgroups within our society hold different understandings, or have the debate and the prolific dissemination of information about this issue coalesced around a core perception or image of what climate change is?  To answer these questions, we conceptualized climate change within the theory of social representations as emergent socially constructed knowledge. We analyzed word association data collected in Australia from persons identifying as having a...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Social representations theory; Word associations.
Ano: 2014

Sensitivity of the Colorado Plateau to Change: Climate, Ecosystems, and Society
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Schwinning, Susan; ; schwinn@txstate.edu; Belnap, Jayne; U.S. Geological Survey; jayne_belnap@usgs.gov; Bowling, David R; University of Utah; bowling@biology.utah.edu; Ehleringer, James R; University of Utah; ehleringer@biology.utah.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Biological crust; Climate change; Megadrought; Ranching.
Ano: 2008

Accelerating Deforestation in the Congo Basin Can Pose Climate Risks
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Baidya Roy, Somnath; Duke University; sbroy@duke.edu; Walsh, Peter D; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Primatology; walsh@eva.mpg.de.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Africa; Climate change; Conversion to grassland; Deforestation; Logging.
Ano: 2005

Interrogating resilience: toward a typology to improve its operationalization
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Davidson, Julie L.; Discipline of Geography and Spatial Sciences, School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia; Julie.Davidson@utas.edu.au; Jacobson, Chris; Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia; cjacobso@usc.edu.au; Lyth, Anna; Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia; Discipline of Geography and Spatial Sciences, School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia; Anna.Lyth@utas.edu.au; Dedekorkut-Howes, Aysin; Griffith School of Environment &amp; Urban Research Program, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia; a.dedekorkut@griffith.edu.au; Baldwin, Claudia L.; Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia; CBaldwin@usc.edu.au; Ellison, Joanna C.; Discipline of Geography and Spatial Sciences, School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia; Joanna.Ellison@utas.edu.au; Holbrook, Neil J.; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; neil.holbrook@utas.edu.au; Howes, Michael J.; Griffith School of Environment &amp; Urban Research Program, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia; m.howes@griffith.edu.au; Serrao-Neumann, Silvia; Griffith School of Environment &amp; Urban Research Program, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia; CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; s.serrao-neumann@griffith.edu.au; Singh-Peterson, Lila; Australian Centre for Pacific Island Research, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia; lsinghpe@usc.edu.au; Smith, Timothy F.; Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia; tim.smith@usc.edu.au.
In the context of accelerated global change, the concept of resilience, with its roots in ecological theory and complex adaptive systems, has emerged as the favored framework for understanding and responding to the dynamics of change. Its transfer from ecological to social contexts, however, has led to the concept being interpreted in multiple ways across numerous disciplines causing significant challenges for its practical application. The aim of this paper is to improve conceptual clarity within resilience thinking so that resilience can be interpreted and articulated in ways that enhance its utility and explanatory power, not only theoretically but also operationally. We argue that the current confusion and ambiguity within resilience thinking is...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Complex adaptive systems; Conceptual clarity; Policy making; Resilience; Typology.
Ano: 2016

Sustainable Land-use Practices in European Mountain Regions under Global Change: an Integrated Research Approach
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Huber, Robert; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL ; robert.huber@wsl.ch; Bugmann, Harald; ETH Zurich; harald.bugmann@env.ethz.ch; Rigling, Andreas; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL; andreas.rigling@wsl.ch.
This Special Feature on sustainable land-use practices in European mountain regions presents results from the inter- and transdisciplinary research project MOUNTLAND. The goal was to investigate the sensitivity of the provision of ecosystem services to both climatic and land-use changes and to suggest alternative policies and governance structures for mitigating the impact of such changes and enhancing sustainable management practices in mountain regions. The individual articles provide: (1) new scientific findings regarding the impacts of climate and land-use changes on ecosystem processes in three sensitive mountain regions of Switzerland; (2) an assessment of the feedback effects arising from changing socioeconomic and political conditions, land use,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Experiments; Interdisciplinary research; Land-use change; Management; Modeling; Transdisciplinary research.
Ano: 2013

Parks, people, and change: the importance of multistakeholder engagement in adaptation planning for conserved areas
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Knapp, Corrine N.; Department of Environment and Sustainability, Western State Colorado University; corrieknapp@yahoo.com; Chapin III, F. Stuart; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, USA; terry.chapin@alaska.edu; Kofinas, Gary P.; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, USA; gpkofinas@alaska.edu; Fresco, Nancy; Scenarios Network for Alaska and Arctic Planning, University of Alaska Fairbanks, USA; nlfresco@alaska.edu; Carothers, Courtney; School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, USA; clcarothers@alaska.edu; Craver, Amy; Denali National Park and Preserve; amy_craver@nps.gov.
Climate change challenges the traditional goals and conservation strategies of protected areas, necessitating adaptation to changing conditions. Denali National Park and Preserve (Denali) in south central Alaska, USA, is a vast landscape that is responding to climate change in ways that will impact both ecological resources and local communities. Local observations help to inform understanding of climate change and adaptation planning, but whose knowledge is most important to consider? For this project we interviewed long-term Denali staff, scientists, subsistence community members, bus drivers, and business owners to assess what types of observations each can contribute, how climate change is impacting each, and what they think the National Park Service...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Conservation; Climate change; Local knowledge; National Park; Resilience; Social-ecological systems.
Ano: 2014

Integrating Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Fisheries Management in the Torres Strait, Australia: the Catalytic Role of Turtles and Dugong as Cultural Keystone Species
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Butler, James R. A.; CSIRO; james.butler@csiro.au; Tawake, Alifereti; James Cook University; alifereti.tawake@my.jcu.edu.au; Skewes, Tim; CSIRO; tim.skewes@csiro.au; Tawake, Lavenia; CSIRO; lavenia.tawake@csiro.au; McGrath, Vic; Torres Strait Regional Authority; vic.mcgrath@tsra.gov.au.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive comanagement; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Dugong; Governance; Livelihoods; Melanesia; Papua New Guinea; Resilience; Subsistence fisheries; Traditional ecological knowledge: turtles.
Ano: 2012

Planetary Boundaries:  Exploring the Safe Operating Space for Humanity
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Steffen, Will; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; Australian National University, Australia; will.steffen@anu.edu.au; Noone, Kevin; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; Department of Applied Environmental Science, Stockholm University; kevin.noone@stockholmresilience.su.se; Chapin, F. Stuart III; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks; fschapiniii@alaska.edu; Lambin, Eric; Department of Geography, University of Louvain; lambin@geog.ucl.ac.be; Lenton, Timothy M; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia; t.lenton@uea.ac.uk; Scheffer, Marten; Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University; Marten.Scheffer@wur.nl; Folke, Carl; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se; Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research; Environmental Change Institute and Tyndall Centre, Oxford University ; schellnhuber@pik-potsdam.de; de Wit, Cynthia A; Department of Applied Environmental Science, Stockholm University; cynthia.de.wit@itm.su.se; Hughes, Terry; ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University; terry.hughes@jcu.edu.au; van der Leeuw, Sander; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University; vanderle@asu.edu; Rodhe, Henning; Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University; rodhe@misu.su.se; Snyder, Peter K; Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota; pksnyder@umn.edu; Costanza, Robert; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; Gund Institute for Ecological Economics, University of Vermont; rcostanz@uvm.edu; Svedin, Uno; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; uno.svedin@formas.se; Falkenmark, Malin; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; Stockholm International Water Institute; malin.falkenmark@siwi.org; Karlberg, Louise; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; Stockholm Environment Institute; louise.karlberg@stockholmresilience.su.se; Corell, Robert W; The H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics and the Environment ; Corell@heinzctr.org; Fabry, Victoria J; Department of Biological Sciences, California State University San Marcos; fabry@csusm.edu; Hansen, James; NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies; James.E.Hansen@nasa.gov; Walker, Brian; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems; Brian.Walker@csiro.au; Liverman, Diana; Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment; Institute of the Environment, University of Arizona ; diana.liverman@eci.ox.ac.uk; Richardson, Katherine; Earth System Science Centre, University of Copenhagen; kari@science.ku.dk; Crutzen, Paul; Max Planck Institute for Chemistry; air@mpch-mainz.mpg.de; Foley, Jonathan; Institute on the Environment, University of Minnesota; jfoley@umn.edu.
Anthropogenic pressures on the Earth System have reached a scale where abrupt global environmental change can no longer be excluded. We propose a new approach to global sustainability in which we define planetary boundaries within which we expect that humanity can operate safely. Transgressing one or more planetary boundaries may be deleterious or even catastrophic due to the risk of crossing thresholds that will trigger non-linear, abrupt environmental change within continental- to planetary-scale systems.   We have identified nine planetary boundaries and, drawing upon current scientific understanding, we propose quantifications for seven of them. These seven are climate change (CO2 concentration in the atmosphere &amp;#60;350 ppm and/or a maximum change...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Atmospheric aerosol loading; Biogeochemical nitrogen cycle; Biological diversity; Chemical pollution; Climate change; Earth; Global freshwater use; Land system change; Ocean acidification; Phosphorus cycle; Planetary boundaries; Stratospheric ozone; Sustainability.
Ano: 2009

Climate-induced community relocations: using integrated social-ecological assessments to foster adaptation and resilience
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Bronen, Robin; University of Alaska Fairbanks; Alaska Institute for Justice; robin.bronen@akijp.org.
Extreme weather events coupled with sea level rise and erosion will cause coastal and riverine areas where people live and maintain livelihoods to disappear permanently.  Adaptation to these environmental changes, including the permanent relocation of millions of people, requires new governance tools.  In the USA, local governments, often with state-level and national-level support, will be primarily responsible for protecting residents from climate-change impacts and implementing policies needed to protect their welfare.  Government agencies have a variety of tools to facilitate protection in place and managed coastal retreat but have very limited tools to facilitate community relocation.  In addition, no institutional mechanism currently exists to...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Coastal retreat; Community relocation; Social-ecological monitoring and assessment.
Ano: 2015

Application of Structured Decision Making to an Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerabilities and Adaptation Options for Sustainable Forest Management
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Ogden, Aynslie E; Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia; Forest Management Branch, Government of Yukon; aynslie.ogden@gov.yk.ca; Innes, John L; Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia; john.innes@ubc.ca.
A logical starting point for climate change adaptation in the forest sector is to proactively identify management practices and policies that have a higher likelihood of achieving management objectives across a wide range of potential climate futures. This should be followed by implementation of these options and monitoring their success in achieving management objectives within an adaptive management context. Here, we implement an approach to identify locally appropriate adaptation options by tapping into the experiential knowledge base of local forest practitioners while at the same time, building capacity within this community to implement the results. We engaged 30 forest practitioners who are involved with the implementation of a regional forest...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Impacts; Structured decision making; Sustainable forest management; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2009

Of Models and Meanings: Cultural Resilience in Social&amp;#8211;Ecological Systems
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Crane, Todd A.; Technology and Agrarian Development, Wageningen University; todd.crane@wur.nl.
Modeling has emerged as a key technology in analysis of social&amp;#8211;ecological systems. However, the tendency for modeling to focus on the mechanistic materiality of biophysical systems obscures the diversity of performative social behaviors and normative cultural positions of actors within the modeled system. The fact that changes in the biophysical system can be culturally constructed in different ways means that the perception and pursuit of adaptive pathways can be highly variable. Furthermore, the adoption of biophysically resilient livelihoods can occur under conditions that are subjectively experienced as the radical transformation of cultural systems. The objectives of this work are to: (1) highlight the importance of understanding the place...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Agropastoralism; Climate change; Mali; Modeling; Resilience.
Ano: 2010

Developing Adaptation and Adapting Development
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Lemos, Maria Carmen; James Martin 21st Century School Fellow, Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK; School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; lemos@umich.edu; Boyd, Emily; James Martin 21st Century School Fellow, Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK OX1 3QY; emily.boyd@ouce.ox.ac.uk; Tompkins, Emma L; James Martin 21st Century School Fellow, Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK OX1 3QY; emma.tompkins@ouce.ox.ac.uk; Osbahr, Henny; Tyndall Centre Research Fellow, Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK OX1 3QY; henny.osbahr@ouce.ox.ac.uk; Liverman, Diana; Director, Environmental Change Institute, Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK OX1 3QY; diana.liverman@eci.ox.ac.uk.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Development; Resilience.
Ano: 2007

Uncertainty, Climate Change, and Adaptive Management
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Peterson, Garry; McGill University; garry.peterson@mcgill.ca; De Leo, Giulio A; Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell' Ambiente; deleo@dsa.unipr.it; Hellmann, Jessica J; Stanford University; jessicah@leland.stanford.edu; Janssen, Marco A; Indiana University; maajanss@indiana.edu; Kinzig, Ann; Arizona State University; Ann.Kinzig@asu.edu; Malcolm, Jay R; University of Toronto; jay.malcolm@utoronto.ca; O'Brien, Karen L; -; kobrien@online.no; Pope, Shealagh E; Environment Canada; shealagh.pope@ec.gc.ca; Rothman, Dale S; Columbia University; drothman@bio2.edu; Shevliakova, Elena; Carnegie Mellon University; lenish@cmu.edu; Tinch, Robert R.T.; York University, UK; rrtt100@york.ac.uk.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Climate change; Global change; Uncertainty; Models.
Ano: 1997

A Case for Developing Place-Based Fire Management Strategies from Traditional Ecological Knowledge
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Ray, Lily A; Department of Geography, Clark University; Resilience and Adaptation Program, University of Alaska, Fairbanks ; lray@kawerak.org; Kolden, Crystal A; Department of Geography, University of Idaho; ckolden@uidaho.edu; Chapin III, F. Stuart; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks ; terry.chapin@alaska.edu.
Sustainability science promotes place-based resource management because natural processes vary among ecosystems. When local science is limited, land managers may be forced to generalize from other ecosystems that function differently. One proposed solution is to draw upon the traditional ecological knowledge that indigenous groups have accumulated through resource use. Integrating traditional ecological knowledge with conventional resource management is difficult, especially when the two offer competing explanations of local environments. Although resource managers may discount traditional ecological knowledge that contradicts conventional resource management, we investigate the possibility that these disagreements can arise when nonlocal resource...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Alaska; Climate change; Indigenous knowledge; Traditional ecological knowledge; Wildfire.
Ano: 2012

Evaluating Successful Livelihood Adaptation to Climate Variability and Change in Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Osbahr, Henny; University of Reading and Walker Institute for Climate System Research; h.osbahr@reading.ac.uk; Twyman, Chasca; University of Sheffield;; Adger, W. Neil; Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia;; Thomas, David S. G.; University of Oxford;.
This paper examines the success of small-scale farming livelihoods in adapting to climate variability and change. We represent adaptation actions as choices within a response space that includes coping but also longer-term adaptation actions, and define success as those actions which promote system resilience, promote legitimate institutional change, and hence generate and sustain collective action. We explore data on social responses from four regions across South Africa and Mozambique facing a variety of climate risks. The analysis suggests that some collective adaptation actions enhance livelihood resilience to climate change and variability but others have negative spillover effects to other scales. Any assessment of successful adaptation is, however,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Africa; Climate change; Livelihoods; Resilience.
Ano: 2010

Managing for climate change on federal lands of the western United States: perceived usefulness of climate science, effectiveness of adaptation strategies, and barriers to implementation
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Kemp, Kerry B; Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho; kkemp@uidaho.edu; Blades, Jarod J; College of Food, Agriculture, and Environmental Science, University of Wisconsin-River Falls; jarod.blades@uwrf.edu; Klos, P. Zion; Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho; zion@uidaho.edu; Hall, Troy E.; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University; Troy.Hall@oregonstate.edu; Force, Jo Ellen; Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho; joellen@uidaho.edu; Morgan, Penelope; Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho; pmorgan@uidaho.edu; Tinkham, Wade T.; Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship, Colorado State University; wade.tinkham@colostate.edu.
Recent mandates in the United States require federal agencies to incorporate climate change science into land management planning efforts.  These mandates target possible adaptation and mitigation strategies. However, the degree to which climate change is actively being considered in agency planning and management decisions is largely unknown. We explored the usefulness of climate change science for federal resource managers, focusing on the efficacy of potential adaptation strategies and barriers limiting the use of climate change science in adaptation efforts.  Our study was conducted in the northern Rocky Mountains region of the western United States, where we interacted with 77 U.S. Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management personnel through...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Bureau of Land Management; Climate change; Decision making; Forest Service; Land management; Public lands.
Ano: 2015

Changing times, changing stories: generational differences in climate change perspectives from four remote indigenous communities in Subarctic Alaska
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Herman-Mercer, Nicole M; National Research Program, U.S. Geological Survey; nhmercer@usgs.gov; Matkin, Elli; University of Montana; elli.marie@gmail.com; Laituri, Melinda J; Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University; Geospatial Centroid, Colorado State University; melinda.laituri@colostate.edu; Toohey, Ryan C; Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey; Alaska Climate Science Center; rtoohey@usgs.gov; Massey, Maggie; Science Department, Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council; maggie.cm.massey@gmail.com; Elder, Kelly; Rocky Mountain Research Station, U.S. Forest Service; kelder@fs.fed.us; Schuster, Paul F.; National Research Program, U.S. Geological Survey; pschuste@usgs.gov; Mutter, Edda A.; Science Department, Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council; emutter@yritwc.org.
Indigenous Arctic and Subarctic communities currently are facing a myriad of social and environmental changes. In response to these changes, studies concerning indigenous knowledge (IK) and climate change vulnerability, resiliency, and adaptation have increased dramatically in recent years.  Risks to lives and livelihoods are often the focus of adaptation research; however, the cultural dimensions of climate change are equally important because cultural dimensions inform perceptions of risk.  Furthermore, many Arctic and Subarctic IK climate change studies document observations of change and knowledge of the elders and older generations in a community, but few include the perspectives of the younger population.  These observations by elders and older...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Alaska; Climate change; Indigenous knowledge; Observation; Perception; Yukon River Basin.
Ano: 2016

Payments for Ecosystem Services in the Context of Adaptation to Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
The concept of payments for ecosystem services (PES) has recently emerged as a promising tool for enhancing or safeguarding the provision of ecosystem services (ES). Although the concept has been extensively scrutinized in terms of its potential positive and negative impacts on the poor in developing countries, less attention has been paid to examining the role of PES in the context of adaptation to climate change. PES has some potential to contribute to adaptation to climate change, but there are also risks that it could undermine adaptation efforts. In order to maximize synergies and minimize trade-offs between PES and adaptation, it is important that the conceptual links between both are made explicit. The present article presents the main conceptual...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Payments for ecosystem services; Payments for environmental services; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2012

Value of traditional oral narratives in building climate-change resilience: insights from rural communities in Fiji
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Janif, Shaiza Z.; Research Office, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands; shaiza.janif@usp.ac.fj; Nunn, Patrick D.; Australian Centre for Pacific Islands Research, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia; pnunn@usc.edu.au; Geraghty, Paul; School of Language, Arts and Media, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands; Department of Linguistics, University of New England, New South Wales, Australia; paul.geraghty@usp.ac.fj; Aalbersberg, William; Institute of Applied Sciences, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands; william.aalbersberg@usp.ac.fj; Thomas, Frank R.; Oceania Centre for Arts, Culture and Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands; frank.r.thomas@usp.ac.fj; Camailakeba, Mereoni; Fiji Museum, Suva, Fiji Islands; camailakeba@gmail.com.
In the interests of improving engagement with Pacific Island communities to enable development of effective and sustainable adaptation strategies to climate change, we looked at how traditional oral narratives in rural/peripheral Fiji communities might be used to inform such strategies.  Interviews were undertaken and observations made in 27 communities; because the custodians of traditional knowledge were targeted, most interviewees were 70-79 years old.  The view that oral traditions, particularly those referring to environmental history and the observations/precursors of environmental change, were endangered was widespread and regretted.  Interviewees&amp;#8217; personal experiences of extreme events (natural disasters) were commonplace but no...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Community; Fiji; Oral traditions; Pacific Islands; Resilience; Rural.
Ano: 2016

Butterfly Species Richness Patterns in Canada: Energy, Heterogeneity, and the Potential Consequences of Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Kerr, Jeremy T; University of Oxford; Jeremy.Kerr@CCRS.NRCan.gc.ca.
The distributions of most pollinator species are poorly documented despite their importance in providing ecosystem services. While these and other organisms are threatened by many aspects of the human enterprise, anthropogenic climate change is potentially the most severe threat to pollinator biodiversity. Mounting evidence demonstrates that there have already been biotic responses to the relatively small climate changes that have occurred this century. These include wholesale shifts of relatively well-documented butterfly and bird species in Europe and North America. Although studies of such phenomena are supported by circumstantial evidence, their findings are also consistent with predictions derived from current models of spatial patterns of species...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Butterflies; Climate change; Habitat heterogeneity; Land cover; Latitudinal gradients; Pollinator; Species richness; Species richness-energy theory.
Ano: 2001

Synchronous failure: the emerging causal architecture of global crisis
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Homer-Dixon, Thomas; Balsillie School of International Affairs, University of Waterloo, Canada; tfhomer@uwaterloo.ca; Walker, Brian; CSIRO Land and Water, Australia; Brian.Walker@csiro.au; Biggs, Reinette; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; Centre for Studies in Complexity, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; oonsie.biggs@su.se; Folke, Carl; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Sweden; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se; Lambin, Eric F.; Earth and Life Institute, University of Louvain, Belgium; School of Earth, Energy &amp; Environmental Sciences and Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, United States; elambin@stanford.edu; Peterson, Garry D.; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; garry.peterson@su.se; Scheffer, Marten; Environmental Sciences, Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen Agricultural University, Netherlands; Marten.Scheffer@wur.nl; Steffen, Will; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Australia; will.steffen@anu.edu.au; Troell, Max; Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Sweden; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; max@beijer.kva.se.
Recent global crises reveal an emerging pattern of causation that could increasingly characterize the birth and progress of future global crises. A conceptual framework identifies this pattern&amp;#8217;s deep causes, intermediate processes, and ultimate outcomes. The framework shows how multiple stresses can interact within a single social-ecological system to cause a shift in that system&amp;#8217;s behavior, how simultaneous shifts of this kind in several largely discrete social-ecological systems can interact to cause a far larger intersystemic crisis, and how such a larger crisis can then rapidly propagate across multiple system boundaries to the global scale. Case studies of the 2008-2009 financial-energy and food-energy crises illustrate the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Conventional oil; Financial system; Global crisis; Grain supply; Social-ecological system.
Ano: 2015

Water Governance in Chile and Canada: a Comparison of Adaptive Characteristics
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Hurlbert, Margot A.; University of Regina; margot.hurlbert@uregina.ca; Diaz, Harry; University of Regina; Harry.Diaz@uregina.ca.
We compare the structures and adaptive capacities of water governance regimes that respond to water scarcity or drought in the South Saskatchewan River Basin (SSRB) of western Canada and the Elqui River Basin (EB) in Chile.  Both regions anticipate climate change that will result in more extreme weather events including increasing droughts.  The SSRB and the EB represent two large, regional, dryland water basins with significant irrigated agricultural production but with significantly different governance structures.  The Canadian governance situation is characterized as decentralized multilevel governance with assigned water licenses; the Chilean is characterized as centralized governance with privatized water rights. Both countries have action at all...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Adaptive governance; Climate change; Extreme weather; Water governance.
Ano: 2013

From Resilience to Transformation:  the Adaptive Cycle in Two Mexican Urban Centers
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Pelling, Mark; King's College London; mark.pelling@kcl.ac.uk; Manuel-Navarrete, David; King's College London; david.manuel_navarrete@kcl.ac.uk.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive cycle; Climate change; Disaster management; Mexico; Power; Resilience; Transformation.
Ano: 2011

Can scenario-planning support community-based natural resource management?  Experiences from three countries in Latin America
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Waylen, Kerry A; Social, Economic and Geographical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute; kerry.waylen@hutton.ac.uk; Martin-Ortega, Julia; Social, Economic and Geographical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and the Environment and water@leeds, University of Leeds; J.MartinOrtega@leeds.ac.uk; Blackstock, Kirsty L; Social, Economic and Geographical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute; kirsty.blackstock@hutton.ac.uk; Brown, Iain; Information and Computational Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute; iain.brown@hutton.ac.uk; Escalante Semerena, Roberto Ivan; Faculty of Economics, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM); semerena@unam.mx; Farah Quijano, Maria Adelaida; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana-Faculty of Environmental and Rural Studies; mafarahq@gmail.com; Ortiz-Guerrero, Cesar E.; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; c.ortiz@javeriana.edu.co.
Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) is a concept critical to managing social-ecological systems but whose implementation needs strengthening. Scenario planning is one approach that may offer benefits relevant to CBNRM but whose potential is not yet well understood. Therefore, we designed, trialed, and evaluated a scenario-planning method intended to support CBNRM in three cases, located in Colombia, Mexico, and Argentina. Implementing scenario planning was judged as worthwhile in all three cases, although aspects of it were challenging to facilitate. The benefits generated were relevant to strengthening CBNRM: encouraging the participation of local people and using their knowledge, enhanced consideration of and adaptation to future change,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Argentina; Climate change; Colombia; Community-based conservation; Futures thinking; Mexico; Participation; Scenario methods; Wicked problems.
Ano: 2015

Adapting to Climate Change: Social-Ecological Resilience in a Canadian Western Arctic Community
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Berkes, Fikret; University of Manitoba; berkes@cc.umanitoba.ca; Jolly, Dyanna; University of Manitoba; dyjolly@ihug.co.nz.
Human adaptation remains an insufficiently studied part of the subject of climate change. This paper examines the questions of adaptation and change in terms of social-ecological resilience using lessons from a place-specific case study. The Inuvialuit people of the small community of Sachs Harbour in Canada's western Arctic have been tracking climate change throughout the 1990s. We analyze the adaptive capacity of this community to deal with climate change. Short-term responses to changes in land-based activities, which are identified as coping mechanisms, are one component of this adaptive capacity. The second component is related to cultural and ecological adaptations of the Inuvialuit for life in a highly variable and uncertain environment; these...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Social-ecological systems; Sustainability science; Arctic; Canadian North; Inuit; Inuvialuit; Adaptive strategies; Climate change; Community-based research; Coping mechanisms; Human ecology; Participatory research; Participatory research; Resilience; Social-ecological systems.
Ano: 2001

Wicked Social-Ecological Problems Forcing Unprecedented Change on the Latitudinal Margins of Coral Reefs: the Case of Southwest Madagascar
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Cinner, Joshua E; ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies,  James Cook University, Australia; joshua.cinner@jcu.edu.au; Pichon, Michel; Museum of Tropical Queensland, Townsville, Australia; James Cook University; michel.pichon@bigpond.com; Rasoamanendrika, Faravavy; Institut Halieutique et des Sciences Marines, Toliara, Madagascar; faraagrippine@yahoo.fr; Zinke, Jens; The University of Western Australia, School of Earth and Environment;  UWA Oceans Institute and the Australian Institute of Marine Science, Australia; jens.zinke@uwa.edu.au; McClanahan, Tim R; Wildlife Conservation Society, Marine Programs, Bronx, New York, USA; tmcclanahan@wcs.org.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Governance; Marine resources; Migration; Solutions.
Ano: 2012

Institutional Barriers to Climate Change Adaptation in U.S. National Parks and Forests
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Jantarasami, Lesley C; University of Washington; ljantara@u.washington.edu; Lawler, Joshua J; University of Washington; jlawler@u.washington.edu; Thomas, Craig W; University of Washington; thomasc@u.washington.edu.
Climate change will increasingly challenge ecosystem managers' ability to protect species diversity and maintain ecosystem function. In response, the National Park Service and the United States Forest Service have promoted climate change adaptation as a management strategy to increase ecosystem resilience to changing climatic conditions. However, very few examples of completed adaptation plans or projects exist. Here, we examine managers' perceptions of internal and external institutional barriers to implementing adaptation strategies. We conducted semi-structured interviews (n=32) with regional managers and agency staff in six park and forest units in Washington State. We found that internal barriers, including unclear mandates from superiors and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Ecosystem management; Institutional barriers.
Ano: 2010

Sustainable Land Use in Mountain Regions Under Global Change: Synthesis Across Scales and Disciplines
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Huber, Robert; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL; robert.huber@wsl.ch; Rigling, Andreas; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL; andreas.rigling@wsl.ch; Bebi, Peter; WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF; bebi@slf.ch; Brand, Fridolin Simon; Natural and Social Science Interface, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich; fridolin.brand@env.ethz.ch; Briner, Simon; Agri-food and Agri-environmental Economics Group, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich; briners@ethz.ch; Hirschi, Christian; Environmental Policy and Economics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich; christian.hirschi@env.ethz.ch; Lischke, Heike; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL;; Scholz, Roland Werner; Natural and Social Science Interface, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich; roland.scholz@env.ethz.ch; Seidl, Roman; Natural and Social Science Interface, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich; roman.seidl@env.ethz.ch; Walz, Ariane; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research PIK; Institute for Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam;; Zimmermann, Willi; Environmental Policy and Economics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich;; Bugmann, Harald; Forest Ecology, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich; harald.bugmann@env.ethz.ch.
Mountain regions provide essential ecosystem goods and services (EGS) for both mountain dwellers and people living outside these areas. Global change endangers the capacity of mountain ecosystems to provide key services. The Mountland project focused on three case study regions in the Swiss Alps and aimed to propose land-use practices and alternative policy solutions to ensure the provision of key EGS under climate and land-use changes. We summarized and synthesized the results of the project and provide insights into the ecological, socioeconomic, and political processes relevant for analyzing global change impacts on a European mountain region. In Mountland, an integrative approach was applied, combining methods from economics and the political and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Experiments; Interdisciplinary research; Land-use change; Modeling; Transdisciplinary research.
Ano: 2013

Forest Management Approaches for Coping with the Uncertainty of Climate Change: Trade-Offs in Service Provisioning and Adaptability
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Wagner, Sven; Chair of Silviculture, TU-Dresden; wagner@forst.tu-dresden.de; Nocentini, Susanna; Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems, University of Florence; susanna.nocentini@unifi.it; Huth, Franka; Chair of Silviculture, TU-Dresden; mario@forst.tu-dresden.de; Hoogstra-Klein, Marjanke; Forest and Nature Conservation Policy Group, Wageningen University; Marjanke.Hoogstra@wur.nl.
The issue of rapid change in environmental conditions under which ecosystem processes and human interventions will take place in the future is relatively new to forestry, whereas the provision of ecosystem services, e.g., timber or fresh water, is at the very heart of the original concept of forest management. Forest managers have developed ambitious deterministic approaches to provide the services demanded, and thus the use of deterministic approaches for adapting to climate change seem to be a logical continuation. However, as uncertainty about the intensity of climate change is high, forest managers need to answer this uncertainty conceptually. One may envision an indeterministic approach to cope with this uncertainty; but how the services will be...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Ecological resilience; Ecosystem services; Forest management strategies; Flexibility; Forest structure; Uncertainty.
Ano: 2014

Rural local institutions and climate change adaptation in forest communities in Cameroon
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Peach Brown, H. Carolyn; University of Prince Edward Island; hcpbrown@upei.ca; Sonwa, Denis J.; Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); D.SONWA@CGIAR.ORG.
Surveys and interviews were used to understand community resilience in forest-dependent communities facing climate change in Cameroon. Surveys of 232 individuals showed a diversity of formal and informal institutions that relate to most aspects of rural life. Although direct activities related to climate change adaptation were limited, the activities and density of membership in rural local institutions could increase the community&amp;#8217;s adaptive capacity. Twenty-six semistructured interviews were also conducted with representatives of diverse local institutions who had some responsibility for agriculture, forests, conservation, or development. Local governmental institutions had not received any information from the national level and were limited...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Africa; Climate change; Community forests; Local institutions; Resilience.
Ano: 2015

Resilience of small-scale societies: a view from drylands
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Puy, Arnald; Institute of Geography, University of Cologne; Maritime Civilizations Department, Recanati Institute for Maritime Studies, University of Haifa; arnald.puy@gmail.com; Biagetti, Stefano; Complexity and Socio-Ecological dynamics (CaSEs), Spain; Departament d'Humanitats, Universitat Pompeu Fabra; School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies (GAES), University of the Witwatersrand; stefano.biagetti@upf.edu.
To gain insights on long-term social-ecological resilience, we examined adaptive responses of small-scale societies to dryland-related hazards in different regions and chronological periods, spanning from the mid-Holocene to the present. Based on evidence from Africa (Sahara and Sahel), Asia (south margin of the Thar desert), and Europe (South Spain), we discuss key traits and coping practices of small-scale societies that are potentially relevant for building resilience. The selected case studies illustrate four main coping mechanisms: mobility and migration, storage, commoning, and collective action driven by religious beliefs. Ultimately, the study of resilience in the context of drylands emphasizes the importance of adaptive traits and practices that...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Coping mechanisms; Drylands; Resilience; Social-ecological systems; Sustainability; Traditional ecological knowledge.
Ano: 2016

Rethinking Social Contracts: Building Resilience in a Changing Climate
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: O'Brien, Karen; Department of Sociology and Human Geography, University of Oslo, Norway; karen.obrien@sosgeo.uio.no; Hayward, Bronwyn; School of Political Science and Communication, University of Canterbury, New Zealand; bronwyn.hayward@canterbury.ac.nz; Berkes, Fikret; University of Manitoba, Canada; berkes@cc.umanitoba.ca.
Social contracts play an important role in defining the reciprocal rights, obligations, and responsibilities between states and citizens. Climate change is creating new challenges for both states and citizens, inevitably forcing a rethinking of existing and evolving social contracts. In particular, the social arrangements that enhance the well-being and security of both present and future generations are likely to undergo dramatic transformations in response to ecosystem changes, more extreme weather events, and the consequences of social&amp;#8211;ecological changes in distant locations.  The types of social contracts that evolve in the face of a changing climate will have considerable implications for adaptation policies and processes.  We consider how a...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; New Zealand; Northern Canada; Norway; Resilience; Social contracts.
Ano: 2009

Resources Management in Transition
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Pahl-Wostl, Claudia; University of Osnabrueck, Germany; pahl@usf.uni-osnabrueck.de; Sendzimir, Jan; International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); sendzim@iiasa.ac.at; Jeffrey, Paul; School of Water Sciences, Cranfield University; p.j.jeffrey@cranfield.ac.uk.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Climate change; Interdisciplinary research; Social learning; Water resources.
Ano: 2009

Assessing Vulnerability to Climate Change in Dryland Livelihood Systems: Conceptual Challenges and Interdisciplinary Solutions
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Fraser, Evan D. G.; Department of Geography, University of Guelph; University of Leeds; frasere@uoguelph.ca; Dougill, Andrew J; School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; a.j.dougill@leeds.ac.uk; Hubacek, Klaus; School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; hubacek@env.leeds.ac.uk; Quinn, Claire H.; School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; C.H.Quinn@leeds.ac.uk; Sendzimir, Jan; International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); sendzim@iiasa.ac.at; Termansen, Mette; School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; mette@env.leeds.ac.uk.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptability; Climate change; Drought; Food security; Livelihoods; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2011

Future changes in the supply of goods and services from natural ecosystems: prospects for the European north
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Vlasova, Tatiana; Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences; tatiana.vlsv@gmail.com; Sutinen, Marja-Liisa; Finnish Forest Research Institute, Rovaniemi Research Unit; marja-liisa.sutinen@metla.fi; Chapin III, F. Stuart; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks; terry.chapin@alaska.edu; Cabeza, Mar; Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki; cabeza@cc.helsinki.fi; Callaghan, Terry V.; Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, UK;  Department of Botany, Tomsk State University, Russia; terry_callaghan@btinternet.com; van Oort, Bob; CICERO - Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo; oort@cicero.oslo.no; Dannevig, Halvor; Western Norway Research Institute; halvor.dannevig@vestforsk.no; Bay-larsen, Ingrid A.; Nordland Research Institute; ingrid.bay-larsen@nforsk.no; Ims, Rolf A.; Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT- The Arctic University of Norway; rolf.ims@uit.no; Aspholm, Paul Eric; Bioforsk, Svanhovd; paul.eric.aspholm@bioforsk.no.
Humans depend on services provided by ecosystems, and how services are affected by climate change is increasingly studied. Few studies, however, address changes likely to affect services from seminatural ecosystems. We analyzed ecosystem goods and services in natural and seminatural systems, specifically how they are expected to change as a result of projected climate change during the 21st century. We selected terrestrial and freshwater systems in northernmost Europe, where climate is anticipated to change more than the global average, and identified likely changes in ecosystem services and their societal consequences. We did this by assembling experts from ecology, social science, and cultural geography in workshops, and we also performed a literature...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Barents Region; Biodiversity; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Forestry; Game species; Outdoor recreation; Reindeer husbandry; Social-ecological systems.
Ano: 2015

The Influence of Forums and Multilevel Governance on the Climate Adaptation Practices of Australian Organizations
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Bates, Lorraine E.; CSIRO Social and Economic Sciences Program; lbates@iinet.net.au; Green, Melissa; CSIRO Social and Economic Sciences Program; melissa.green@csiro.au; Leonard, Rosemary; CSIRO Social and Economic Sciences Program; rosemary.leonard@csiro.au; Walker, Iain; CSIRO Social and Economic Sciences Program; Iain.A.Walker@csiro.au.
To date, there are few regulations and policies relating to climate change in Australia. Uncertainty about the timing, structure, and potential impact of proposed legislation such as a national carbon abatement scheme, is leading to planning delays across the country. To assist with these policy uncertainties, organizations can embed themselves in multilevel governance frameworks that inform, structure, and facilitate strategic development, planning, and action. As part of these networks, organizational representatives also engage in formal and informal forums, a type of interorganizational relationship, which can include industry task forces, policy development committees, interagency groups, and specific climate change committees. Forums constitute an...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate adaptation; Climate change; Decision making; Forums; Multilevel governance; Networks; Organization.
Ano: 2013

The role played by social-ecological resilience as a method of integration in interdisciplinary research
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Beichler, Simone A.; HafenCity University Hamburg; simone.beichler@gmx.de; Hasibovic, Sanin; HafenCity University Hamburg; sanin_hasibovic@gmx.de; Davidse, Bart Jan; HafenCity University Hamburg; bartel-johannes.davidse@hcu-hamburg.de; Deppisch, Sonja; HafenCity University Hamburg; sonja.deppisch@hcu-hamburg.de.
Today&amp;#8217;s multifaceted environmental problems, including climate change, necessitate interdisciplinary research. It is however difficult to combine disciplines to study such complex phenomena. We analyzed the experience we gained in applying a particular method of interdisciplinary integration, the &amp;#8216;bridging concept.&amp;#8217; We outlined the entire process of developing, utilizing, and adapting social-ecological resilience as a bridging concept in a research project involving seven different disciplines. We focused on the tensions and opportunities arising from interdisciplinary dialogue and the understandings and manifestations of resilience in the disciplines involved. By evaluating the specific cognitive and social functions of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Bridging concept; Climate change; Interdisciplinarity; Resilience.
Ano: 2014

Coastal Lagoons and Climate Change: Ecological and Social Ramifications in U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coast Ecosystems
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Anthony, Abigail; University of Rhode Island; abigailanthony@gmail.com; Atwood, Joshua; University of Rhode Island; josh.atwood@gmail.com; August, Peter; University of Rhode Island; pete@edc.uri.edu; Byron, Carrie; University of Rhode Island; carriebyron@mail.uri.edu; Cobb, Stanley; University of Rhode Island; scobb@uri.edu; Foster, Cheryl; University of Rhode Island; cherylf@uri.edu; Fry, Crystal; University of Rhode Island; cfry315@gmail.com; Gold, Arthur; University of Rhode Island; agold@uri.edu; Hagos, Kifle; University of Rhode Island; kwhagos@gmail.com; Heffner, Leanna; University of Rhode Island; leanna.heffner@gmail.com; Kellogg, D. Q; University of Rhode Island; qkellogg@uri.edu; Lellis-Dibble, Kimberly; University of Rhode Island; kimberlylellis@yahoo.com; Opaluch, James J; University of Rhode Island; JimO@URI.Edu; Oviatt, Candace; University of Rhode Island; coviatt@gsosun1.gso.uri.edu; Pfeiffer-Herbert, Anna; University of Rhode Island; annaph@gso.uri.edu; Rohr, Nicole; University of Rhode Island; nicoro12@gmail.com; Smith, Leslie; University of Rhode Island; leslie.smith@gso.uri.edu; Smythe, Tiffany; ; tcsmythe@my.uri.edu; Swift, Judith; University of Rhode Island; jswift@uri.edu; Vinhateiro, Nathan; University of Rhode Island; nate@gso.uri.edu.
Lagoons are highly productive coastal features that provide a range of natural services that society values. Their setting within the coastal landscape leaves them especially vulnerable to profound physical, ecological, and associated societal disturbance from global climate change. Expected shifts in physical and ecological characteristics range from changes in flushing regime, freshwater inputs, and water chemistry to complete inundation and loss and the concomitant loss of natural and human communities. Therefore, managing coastal lagoons in the context of global climate change is critical. Although management approaches will vary depending on local conditions and cultural norms, all management scenarios will need to be nimble and to make full use of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Coastal lagoons; Ecosystems; Social values.
Ano: 2009

The governance of adaptation: choices, reasons, and effects. Introduction to the Special Feature
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Huitema, Dave; VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Open University of the Netherlands; dave.huitema@ivm.vu.nl; Adger, William Neil; University of Exeter; n.adger@exeter.ac.uk; Berkhout, Frans; Department of Geography, King's College London, UK; frans.berkhout@kcl.ac.uk; Massey, Eric; VU University; eric.massey@vu.nl; Mazmanian, Daniel; University of Southern California; mazmania@usc.edu; Munaretto, Stefania; Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), VU University Amsterdam; stefania.munaretto@vu.nl; Plummer, Ryan; Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, Brock University, Canada; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; ryan.plummer@brocku.ca; Termeer, Catrien C. J. A. M.; Wageningen University; katrien.termeer@wur.nl.
The governance of climate adaptation involves the collective efforts of multiple societal actors to address problems, or to reap the benefits, associated with impacts of climate change. Governing involves the creation of  institutions, rules and organizations, and the selection of normative principles to guide problem solution and institution building. We argue that actors involved in governing climate change adaptation, as climate change governance regimes evolve, inevitably must engage  in making choices, for instance on problem definitions, jurisdictional levels, on modes of governance and policy instruments, and on the timing of interventions. Yet little is known about how and why these choices are made in practice, and how such choices affect the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Governance.
Ano: 2016

The capacity to adapt?: communities in a changing climate, environment, and economy on the northern Andaman coast of Thailand
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Bennett, Nathan J.; Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia; nathan.bennett@ubc.ca; Dearden, Philip; Department of Geography, University of Victoria; pdearden@office.geog.uvic.ca; Murray, Grant; Institute for Coastal Research, Vancouver Island University; Grant.Murray@viu.ca; Kadfak, Alin; School of Global Studies, University of Gothenburg; alin.kadfak@globalstudies.gu.se.
The health and productivity of marine ecosystems, habitats, and fisheries are deteriorating on the Andaman coast of Thailand. Because of their high dependence on natural resources and proximity to the ocean, coastal communities are particularly vulnerable to climate-induced changes in the marine environment. These communities must also adapt to the impacts of management interventions and conservation initiatives, including marine protected areas, which have livelihood implications. Further, communities on the Andaman coast are also experiencing a range of new economic opportunities associated in particular with tourism and agriculture.   These complex and ongoing changes require integrated assessment of, and deliberate planning to increase, the adaptive...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Alternative livelihoods; Climate change; Coastal communities; Fisheries management; Marine protected areas; Social resilience; Thailand.
Ano: 2014

Illusions of Resilience? An Analysis of Community Responses to Change in Northern Norway.
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Amundsen, Helene; CICERO Centre for Climate and Environmental Research - Oslo; helene.amundsen@cicero.uio.no.
This article contributes to our understanding of community resilience. Community resilience is the ability of a community to cope and adjust to stresses caused by social, political, and environmental change and to engage community resources to overcome adversity and take advantage of opportunities in response to change. Through an analysis of local responses to multiple challenges, six dimensions of community resilience were found in one village in northern Norway. These dimensions; community resources, community networks, institutions and services, people&amp;#8211;place connections, active agents, and learning; are activated in processes and activities in the village to respond to current challenges. Although this corroborates findings from other...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Community resilience; Adaptation; Local development; Northern Norway.
Ano: 2012

Anticipating future risk in social-ecological systems using fuzzy cognitive mapping: the case of wildfire in the Chiquitania, Bolivia
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Devisscher, Tahia; Environmental Change Institute&amp;#8236;, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford; Stockholm Environment Institute; tahia.devisscher@ouce.ox.ac.uk; Boyd, Emily; Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Reading; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies; emily.boyd@reading.ac.uk; Malhi, Yadvinder; Environmental Change Institute&amp;#8236;, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford; yadvinder.malhi@ouce.ox.ac.uk.
Understanding complex social-ecological systems, and anticipating how they may respond to rapid change, requires an approach that incorporates environmental, social, economic, and policy factors, usually in a context of fragmented data availability. We employed fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM) to integrate these factors in the assessment of future wildfire risk in the Chiquitania region, Bolivia. In this region, dealing with wildfires is becoming increasingly challenging because of reinforcing feedbacks between multiple drivers. We conducted semistructured interviews and constructed different FCMs in focus groups to understand the regional dynamics of wildfire from diverse perspectives. We used FCM modelling to evaluate possible adaptation scenarios in the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Complexity; Scenario; Social-ecological system; Uncertainty; Wildfire risk.
Ano: 2016

&amp;#8220;I know, therefore I adapt?&amp;#8221; Complexities of individual adaptation to climate-induced forest dieback in Alaska
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Oakes, Lauren E.; Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources, Stanford University; leoakes@stanford.edu; Ardoin, Nicole M.; Graduate School of Education and Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University; nmardoin@stanford.edu; Lambin, Eric F.; School of Earth, Energy, and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University; Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University; elambin@stanford.edu.
Individual actions to avoid, benefit from, or cope with climate change impacts partly shape adaptation; much research on adaptation has focused at the systems level, overlooking drivers of individual responses. Theoretical frameworks and empirical studies of environmental behavior identify a complex web of cognitive, affective, and evaluative factors that motivate stewardship. We explore the relationship between knowledge of, and adaptation to, widespread, climate-induced tree mortality to understand the cognitive (i.e., knowledge and learning), affective (i.e., attitudes and place attachment), and evaluative (i.e., use values) factors that influence how individuals respond to climate-change impacts. From 43 semistructured interviews with forest managers...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Attitudes; Climate change; Forest management; Individual adaptation; Knowledge; Place attachment; Use values.
Ano: 2016

A cultural landscape approach to community-based conservation in Solomon Islands
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Walter, Richard K; University of Otago; richard.walter@otago.ac.nz; Hamilton, Richard J; The Nature Conservancy, Asia Pacific Division; ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University; rhamilton@tnc.org.
International environmental organizations have an increasing commitment to the development of conservation programs in high-diversity regions where indigenous communities maintain customary rights to their lands and seas. A major challenge that these programs face is the alignment of international conservation values with those of the indigenous communities whose cooperation and support are vital. International environmental organizations are focused on biodiversity conservation, but local communities often have a different range of concerns and interests, only some of which relate to biodiversity. One solution to this problem involves adoption of a cultural landscape approach as the ethical and organizational foundation of the conservation program. In our...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Archaeology; Biodiversity; Climate change; Coral Triangle; Heritage; Solomon Islands.
Ano: 2014

Sensemaking: a complexity perspective
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Lynam, Timothy; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); Reflecting Society; James Cook University; tim.lynam@internode.on.net; Fletcher, Chris; Emerging Options; chris@emergingoptions.com.au.
Our intent was to provide a methodological overview of the primary data collection process in support of the other articles in this special issue. We documented and illustrated the use of a data collection and analysis suite, SenseMaker, that was designed to collect and work with narrative fragments. The approach presented adds a new and inherently mixed tool to the mixed methods toolbox. Despite its novelty and potential utility, little has been written in the academic literature on the application of SenseMaker to complex problems. To the best of our knowledge, the approach has not been used in relation to climate change or climate change adaptation and has not been presented in the mixed methods literature. We sought to contribute to filling this gap...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Complexity; Micronarratives; Mixed methods approach; Narratives; Sensemaking; Stages of change (SOC); Transtheoretical model.
Ano: 2015

Revisiting the Environmental and Socioeconomic Effects of Population Growth: a Fundamental but Fading Issue in Modern Scientific, Public, and Political Circles
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Mora, Camilo; Department of Geography, University of Hawaii; cmora@hawaii.edu.
Reversing ongoing declines in human welfare and biodiversity is at the core of human development. Although numerous institutions and avenues are in place to reverse such trends, there seems to be limited consideration of population growth as an ultimate driver. I review recent studies showing how the issue of population growth has been downplayed and trivialized among scientific fields, which may in part account for the reduced public interest in the issue and in turn the limited will for policy action. Different sources of evidence suggest that population growth could fundamentally affect society, nature, and the climate. Although tackling the issue of overpopulation will suffer from major impediments including scientific motivation, public scientific...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity loss; Climate change; Debt; Employment; Population growth; Public outreach.
Ano: 2014

Potential Effects of Climate Change on Treeline Position in the Swedish Mountains
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Edenius, Lars; Dept of Animal Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; lars.edenius@szooek.slu.se.
Climate change may strongly influence species distribution and, thus, the structure and function of ecosystems. This paper describes simulated changes in the position of the upper treeline in the Swedish mountains in response to predicted climate change. Data on predicted summer temperature changes, the current position of the treeline, and a digital elevation model were used to predict the position of the treeline over a 100-year timeframe. The results show the treeline advancing upward by 233&amp;#8211;667 m, depending on the climate scenario used and location within the mountain chain. Such changes hypothetically caused a 75&amp;#8211;85% reduction in treeless alpine heaths, with 60&amp;#8211;93% of the remaining areas being scree slopes and boulder...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii; Climate change; Mountain birch; Treeline dynamics.
Ano: 2004

Is Education a Key to Reducing Vulnerability to Natural Disasters and hence Unavoidable Climate Change?
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Differential vulnerability; Education; Human capital; Natural disasters.
Ano: 2014

Historical Meadow Dynamics in Southwest British Columbia: a Multidisciplinary Analysis
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Lepofsky, Dana; Simon Fraser University; dlepofsk@sfu.ca; Heyerdahl, Emily K; USDA Forest Service; eheyerdahl@fs.fed.us; Lertzman, Ken; Simon Fraser University; lertzman@sfu.ca; Mierendorf, Bob; North Cascades National Park Service Complex; Bob_Mierendorf@nps.gov.
The recent encroachment of woody species threatening many western North American meadows has been attributed to diverse factors. We used a suite of methods in Chittenden Meadow, southwestern British Columbia, Canada, to identify the human, ecological, and physical factors responsible for its historical dynamics and current encroachment by woody vegetation. We evaluated three hypotheses about the origin and processes maintaining the meadow: the meadow is (1) of recent human origin; (2) of ancient human origin, maintained by aboriginal burning; and (3) of ancient non-human origin, not maintained by aboriginal burning.  Our data supported the idea that the meadow had ancient non-human origins and its recent history and current status have resulted from...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Anthropogenic influence; Archaeology; British Columbia; Cascade Range; Chittenden Meadow; Climate change; Dendrochronology; Fire suppression; Historical dynamics; Meadows; Ponderosa pine; Tree encroachment.
Ano: 2003

Assessment of Biomass Burning in the Conterminous United States
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Leenhouts, Bill; U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Bill_Leenhouts@.fws.gov.
Wildland fire has been an integral part of the landscape of the conterminous United States for millennia. Analysis of contemporary and pre-industrial (~ 200 - 500 yr BP) conditions, using potential natural vegetation, satellite imagery, and ecological fire regime information, shows that wildland fires burned 35 - 86 x 106 ha (megahectares) annually in the pre-industrial era, consuming 530 - 1230 teragram (Tg) of biomass. At present, in comparison, 5 - 7 Mha/yr burn, consuming 77 - 189 Tg of biomass annually. If historic fire regimes were restored to non-urban and non-agricultural lands today, 18 - 43 Mha would burn annually, consuming 285 - 602 Tg of biomass. For each era, 11 biomass (wildland and agricultural) burning emissions were estimated, and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Air quality; Biomass burning; Climate change; Conterminous United States; Emission estimates; Fire regimes; Pre-industrial conditions; Prescribed burning; Wildland fire.
Ano: 1998

Enabling the Contextualization of Legal Rules in Responsive Strategies to Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: van Rijswick, Marleen; ; H.vanRijswick@law.uu.nl; Salet, Willem ; ; w.g.m.salet@uva.nl.
The paradigm of adaptive governance is paramount in policy discourses on the mitigation and adaptation strategies of climate change. Adaptability, resilience, and cooperative approaches are promoted as the appropriate vehicles to meet the contemporary conditions of uncertainty and complexity. We claim that the legitimacy and effectiveness of these responsive strategies might be augmented via the use of legal perspectives. Rather than the instrumental use of command and control type of regulation, the legal perspectives should focus on establishing principal norms that enable the search for different solutions in different contexts. From these assumptions, the concept of legal obligation is explored as embodying the meaning of legality, and at the same time...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive governance; Climate change; Contextualization of legal norms; Planning and law; Resilience.
Ano: 2012

Anticipating Vulnerability to Climate Change in Dryland Pastoral Systems: Using Dynamic Systems Models for the Kalahari
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Dougill, Andrew J; University of Leeds; a.j.dougill@leeds.ac.uk; Fraser, Evan  D.G.; University of Leeds; evan@env.leeds.ac.uk; Reed, Mark  S.; University of Aberdeen; m.reed@abdn.ac.uk.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Botswana; Climate change; Drought sensitivity; Dynamic systems modelling; Kalahari; Pastoral farming; Vulnerability pathways.
Ano: 2010

Evolutionary History, Habitat Disturbance Regimes, and Anthropogenic Changes:  What Do These Mean for Resilience of Pacific Salmon Populations?
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Waples, Robin S.; NOAA Fisheries Northwest Fisheries Science Center; robin.waples@noaa.gov; Beechie, Tim; NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center Environmental Conservation Division; Tim.Beechie@noaa.gov; Pess, George R.; NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center Environmental Conservation Division; George.Pess@noaa.gov.
Because resilience of a biological system is a product of its evolutionary history, the historical template that describes the relationships between species and their dynamic habitats is an important point of reference. Habitats used by Pacific salmon have been quite variable throughout their evolutionary history, and these habitats can be characterized by four key attributes of disturbance regimes: frequency, magnitude, duration, and predictability. Over the past two centuries, major anthropogenic changes to salmon ecosystems have dramatically altered disturbance regimes that the species experience. To the extent that these disturbance regimes assume characteristics outside the range of the historical template, resilience of salmon populations might be...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Duration; Frequency; Historical template; Magnitude; Pacific Northwest; Oncorhynchus; Pacific salmon; Predictability.
Ano: 2009

Nature-based solutions to climate change mitigation and adaptation in urban areas: perspectives on indicators, knowledge gaps, barriers, and opportunities for action
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Frantzeskaki, Niki; DRIFT -  Dutch Research Institute For Transitions, Erasmus University Rotterdam; n.frantzeskaki@drift.eur.nl; Pauleit, Stephan; Strategic Landscape Planning and Management, Technical University of Munich; pauleit@wzw.tum.de; Naumann, Sandra; Ecologic Institute, Berlin; sandra.naumann@ecologic.eu; Davis, McKenna; Ecologic Institute, Berlin; mckenna.davis@ecologic.eu; Artmann, Martina; Leibniz Institute of Ecological Urban and Regional Development (IOER), Dresden; Research Group Urban and Landscape Ecology, University of Salzburg; m.artmann@ioer.de; Knapp, Sonja; Department Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ; sonja.knapp@ufz.de; Korn, Horst; German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation; Horst.Korn@BfN.de; Stadler, Jutta; German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation; Jutta.Stadler@BfN.de; Zaunberger, Karin; European Commission, Environment Directorate General, Brussels; Karin.Zaunberger@ec.europa.eu; Bonn, Aletta; Department Ecosystem Services, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ;  German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; aletta.bonn@idiv.de.
Nature-based solutions promoting green and blue urban areas have significant potential to decrease the vulnerability and enhance the resilience of cities in light of climatic change. They can thereby help to mitigate climate change-induced impacts and serve as proactive adaptation options for municipalities. We explore the various contexts in which nature-based solutions are relevant for climate mitigation and adaptation in urban areas, identify indicators for assessing the effectiveness of nature-based solutions and related knowledge gaps. In addition, we explore existing barriers and potential opportunities for increasing the scale and effectiveness of nature-based solution implementation. The results were derived from an inter- and transdisciplinary...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Cobenefits; Governance; Nature-based solutions; Urban areas.
Ano: 2016

Environmental change: prospects for conservation and agriculture in a southwest Australia biodiversity hotspot
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Pettit, Neil E.; Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; neil.pettit@uwa.edu.au; Naiman, Robert J.;  Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; University of Washington; naiman@uw.edu; Fry, Julia M.; Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; juliawrightfry@gmail.com; Roberts, J. Dale; Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; dale.roberts@uwa.edu.au; Close, Paul G.; Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; paul.close@uwa.edu.au; Pusey, Bradley J.; Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; bpusey@westnet.com.au; Woodall, Geoff S.; Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; geoff.woodall@uwa.edu.au; MacGregor, Colin J.; College of Marine &amp; Environmental Sciences, James Cook University; colin.macgregor@jcu.edu.au; Speldewinde, Peter C.; Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; peter.speldewinde@uwa.edu.au; Stewart, Barbara; Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; barbara.cook@uwa.edu.au; Dobbs, Rebecca J.; Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; rebecca.dobbs@uwa.edu.au; Paterson, Harriet L.; Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; harriet.paterson@uwa.edu.au; Cook, Peter; Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; peter.cook@uwa.edu.au; Toussaint, Sandy; School of Social and Cultural Studies, The University of Western Australia;  Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; sandy.toussaint@uwa.edu.au; Comer, Sarah; Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; Department of Parks and Wildlife; Sarah.Comer@DPaW.wa.gov.au; Davies, Peter M.; Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia; peter.davies@uwa.edu.au.
Accelerating environmental change is perhaps the greatest challenge for natural resource management; successful strategies need to be effective for decades to come. Our objective is to identify opportunities that new environmental conditions may provide for conservation, restoration, and resource use in a globally recognized biodiversity hotspot in southwestern Australia. We describe a variety of changes to key taxonomic groups and system-scale characteristics as a consequence of environmental change (climate and land use), and outline strategies for conserving and restoring important ecological and agricultural characteristics. Opportunities for conservation and economic adaptation are substantial because of gradients in rainfall, temperature, and land...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Agriculture and conservation; Biodiversity; Climate change; Land-use change; Southwest Australia.
Ano: 2015

Collaborative decision-analytic framework to maximize resilience of tidal marshes to climate change
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Thorne, Karen M; USGS Western Ecological Research Center; kthorne@usgs.gov; Mattsson, Brady J.; Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; brady.mattsson@gmail.com; Takekawa, John; USGS Western Ecological Research Center, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Station; john_takekawa@usgs.gov; Cummings, Jonathan; University of Vermont; jwcummin@uvm.edu; Crouse, Debby; USFWS, Endangered Species Recovery Program; debby_crouse@fws.gov; Block, Giselle; USFWS, Inventory &amp; Monitoring; Giselle_block@fws.gov; Bloom, Valary; USFWS, Sacramento Field Office; valary_bloom@fws.gov; Gerhart, Matt; State Coastal Conservancy; mgerhart@scc.ca.gov; Goldbeck, Steve; Bay Conservation and Development Commission; steveg@bcdc.ca.gov; Huning, Beth; San Francisco Bay Joint Venture; bhuning@sfbayjv.org; Sloop, Christina; Blue Earth Consultants; christina.s@blueearthconsultants.como; Stewart, Mendel; USFWS, Carlsbad Fish and Wildlife Office; mendel_stewart@fws.gov; Taylor, Karen; California Department of Fish &amp; Wildlife, Napa-Sonoma Marshes Wildlife Area; Karen.Taylor@wildlife.ca.gov; Valoppi, Laura; USGS Western Ecological Research Center; laura_valoppi@usgs.gov.
Decision makers that are responsible for stewardship of natural resources face many challenges, which are complicated by uncertainty about impacts from climate change, expanding human development, and intensifying land uses.  A systematic process for evaluating the social and ecological risks, trade-offs, and cobenefits associated with future changes is critical to maximize resilience and conserve ecosystem services.  This is particularly true in coastal areas where human populations and landscape conversion are increasing, and where intensifying storms and sea-level rise pose unprecedented threats to coastal ecosystems.  We applied collaborative decision analysis with a diverse team of stakeholders who preserve, manage, or restore tidal marshes across the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Bayesian decision network; Climate change; Expert elicitation; San Francisco Bay; Sea-level rise; Structured decision making; Tidal marsh.
Ano: 2015

Turning points in climate change adaptation
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Werners, Saskia Elisabeth; Wageningen UR; werners@mungo.nl; van Slobbe, Erik; Wageningen UR; Erik.vanSlobbe@wur.nl; Oost, Albert; Deltares; Albert.Oost@deltares.nl; Pfenninger, Stefan; Imperial College London; s.pfenninger12@imperial.ac.uk; Trombi, Giacomo; Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences (DISPAA), University of Florence; giacomo.trombi@unifi.it; Bindi, Marco; Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences (DISPAA), University of Florence; marco.bindi@unifi.it; Moriondo, Marco; CNR-IBIMET; marco.moriondo@unifi.it.
Concerned decision makers increasingly pose questions as to whether current management practices are able to cope with climate change and increased climate variability. This signifies a shift in the framing of climate change from asking what its potential impacts are to asking whether it induces policy failure and unacceptable change. In this paper, we explore the background, feasibility, and consequences of this new framing. We focus on the specific situation in which a social-political threshold of concern is likely to be exceeded as a result of climate change, requiring consideration of alternative strategies. Action is imperative when such a situation is conceivable, and at this point climate change becomes particularly relevant to decision makers. We...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation turning points; Climate change; Governance; Tools; Uncertainty.
Ano: 2015

Tracking the Genetic Effects of Global Warming: Drosophila and Other Model Systems
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Scheiner, Samuel M; National Science Foundation; sscheine@nsf.gov.
Current efforts to study the biological effects of global change have focused on ecological responses, particularly shifts in species ranges. Mostly ignored are microevolutionary changes. Genetic changes may be at least as important as ecological ones in determining species' responses. In addition, such changes may be a sensitive indicator of global changes that will provide different information than that provided by range shifts. We discuss potential candidate systems to use in such monitoring programs. Studies of Drosophila subobscura suggest that its chromosomal inversion polymorphisms are responding to global warming. Drosophila inversion polymorphisms can be useful indicators of the effects of climate change on populations and ecosystems. Other...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Biological indicator; Chromosomal inversion polymorphism; Climate change; Drosophila; Evolutionary ecology; Genetic diversity; Global warming; Microevolution.
Ano: 1998

Climate Change and Western Public Lands: a Survey of U.S. Federal Land Managers on the Status of Adaptation Efforts
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Archie, Kelli M; Center for Science and Technology Policy Research (CSTPR); Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES); and Environmental Studies Program, University of Colorado, Boulder ; kelli.archie@colorado.edu; Dilling, Lisa; Center for Science and Technology Policy Research (CSTPR); Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES); and Environmental Studies Program, University of Colorado, Boulder ; lisa.dilling@colorado.edu; Milford, Jana B; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder; jana.milford@colorado.edu; Pampel, Fred  C; Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, Boulder; fred.pampel@colorado.edu.
Climate change and its associated consequences pose an increasing risk to public lands in the western United States. High-level mandates currently require federal agencies to begin planning  for adaptation, but the extent to which these mandates have resulted in policies being implemented that affect on the ground practices is unclear. To examine the status of adaptation efforts, we conducted an original survey and semistructured interviews with land managers from the four major federal land management agencies in the U.S. states of Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming. The survey was designed to examine current planning for adaptation on public lands and how it differs from prior planning, the major challenges facing land managers in this region, the major...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Decision making; Federal agencies; Public lands.
Ano: 2012

Integrating adaptive governance and participatory multicriteria methods: a framework for climate adaptation governance
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Munaretto, Stefania; Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), VU University Amsterdam; stefania.munaretto@vu.nl; Siciliano, Giuseppina; Centre for Development, Environment and Policy (CeDEP), School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London; giuseppina.siciliano@gmail.com; Turvani, Margherita E.; Department of Design and Planning in Complex Environments, University IUAV of Venice; margheri@iuav.it.
Climate adaptation is a dynamic social and institutional process where the governance dimension is receiving growing attention. Adaptive governance is an approach that promises to reduce uncertainty by improving the knowledge base for decision making. As uncertainty is an inherent feature of climate adaptation, adaptive governance seems to be a promising approach for improving climate adaptation governance. However, the adaptive governance literature has so far paid little attention to decision-making tools and methods, and the literature on the governance of adaptation is in its infancy in this regard. We argue that climate adaptation governance would benefit from systematic and yet flexible decision-making tools and methods such as participatory...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Decision-making tools; Experimentation; Learning; Participation.
Ano: 2014

REDD+ and Human Rights: Addressing Synergies between International Regimes
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Savaresi, Annalisa; School of Law, University of Edinburgh; annalisa.savaresi@ed.ac.uk.
The making of the REDD+ mechanism in the framework of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has raised specific concerns on how to reconcile incentives for forest carbon sequestration with the protection of the rights of the numerous communities that rely upon forests for their livelihood, shelter, and survival. Although the nascent REDD+ mechanism provides an opportunity to provide multiple benefits, the design of a framework to secure such benefits and avoid perverse outcomes has proven complex. I provide an overview of progress toward the establishment of such framework, arguing that concerns over the social impact of REDD+ activities may be addressed by resorting to clearer and stronger links with human rights instruments.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; FLEGT; Forests; Human rights; Nagoya Protocol; REDD+.
Ano: 2013

Building resilient pathways to transformation when &amp;#8220;no one is in charge&amp;#8221;: insights from Australia's Murray-Darling Basin
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Abel, Nick; Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation ; nick.abel@csiro.au; Wise, Russell M.; Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation; russell.wise@csiro.au; Colloff, Matthew J.; Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation; Matt.Colloff@csiro.au; Walker, Brian H.; Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation; brian.walker@csiro.au; Butler, James R. A.; Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation; james.butler@csiro.au; Ryan, Paul; Australian Resilience Centre; paulryan@internode.on.net; Norman, Chris; Goulburn Broken Catchment Management Authority; chrisn@gbcma.vic.gov.au; Langston, Art; Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation; art.langston@csiro.au; Anderies, John M.; Arizona State University; m.anderies@asu.edu; Gorddard, Russell; Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation; Russell.Gorddard@csiro.au; Dunlop, Michael; Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation; michael.dunlop@csiro.au; O'Connell, Deborah; Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation; deborah.o'connell@csiro.au.
Climate change and its interactions with complex socioeconomic dynamics dictate the need for decision makers to move from incremental adaptation toward transformation as societies try to cope with unprecedented and uncertain change. Developing pathways toward transformation is especially difficult in regions with multiple contested resource uses and rights, with diverse decision makers and rules, and where high uncertainty is generated by differences in stakeholders&amp;#8217; values, understanding of climate change, and ways of adapting. Such a region is the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia, from which we provide insights for developing a process to address these constraints. We present criteria for sequencing actions along adaptation pathways: feasibility...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation pathways; Climate change; Collective action; Domain shift; Equity; Irrigation; Resilience; Social conflict; Transformation; Wetlands.
Ano: 2016

Does Adaptive Management of Natural Resources Enhance Resilience to Climate Change?
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Tompkins, Emma L; Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia; e.tompkins@uea.ac.uk; Adger, W. Neil; Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia; n.adger@uea.ac.uk.
Emerging insights from adaptive and community-based resource management suggest that building resilience into both human and ecological systems is an effective way to cope with environmental change characterized by future surprises or unknowable risks. We argue that these emerging insights have implications for policies and strategies for responding to climate change. We review perspectives on collective action for natural resource management to inform understanding of climate response capacity. We demonstrate the importance of social learning, specifically in relation to the acceptance of strategies that build social and ecological resilience. Societies and communities dependent on natural resources need to enhance their capacity to adapt to the impacts...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Caribbean; Trinidad and Tobago; Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Community-based management; Natural resource management; Social-ecological resilience.
Ano: 2004

Trade-Offs between Ecosystem Services in a Mountain Region
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Briner, Simon; ETH Zurich, Agri-Food and Agri-Environmental Economics Group, Department of Environmental Systems Science; briners@ethz.ch; Huber, Robert; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL; robert.huber@wsl.ch; Bebi, Peter; WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF; bebi@slf.ch; Schmatz, Dirk R.; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL; dirk.schmatz@wsl.ch.
Mountain ecosystems provide a broad range of ecosystem services (ES). Trade-offs between different ES are an important aspect in the assessment of future sustainable land-use. Management of ES in mountain regions must confront the challenges of spatial and temporal heterogeneity, and interaction with structural changes in agriculture and forestry. Using a social-ecological modeling framework, we assess the relationships between forest and agricultural ES in a mountain region in Switzerland. Based on the concept of jointness in production, we evaluated trade-offs and synergies among food provision, biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, and protection against natural hazards. Results show that increasing the provision of a focal ES in a mountain...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Forestry; Land-use change; Model-based scenario analysis; Mountainous regions; Trade-offs.
Ano: 2013

Can Logging in Equatorial Africa Affect Adjacent Parks?
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Baidya Roy, Somnath; Princeton University; sbroy@duke.edu; Walsh, Peter D; Princeton University; walsh@eva.mpg.de; Lichstein, Jeremy W; Princeton University; jwl@princeton.edu.
Tropical deforestation can cause fundamental regional-scale shifts in vegetation structure and diversity. This is particularly true in Africa. Although national parks are being established to protect areas from deforestation and to conserve biodiversity, these parks are not immune to disturbances outside their boundaries. We used regional-scale atmospheric simulation experiments to investigate how deforestation in timber concessions might affect precipitation inside adjacent, undisturbed national parks in the equatorial African countries of Gabon and the Republic of Congo. The experiments revealed a complex response. Some parks showed rainfall reduced as much as 15%, while others showed slight increases. Rainfall inside parks was particularly sensitive to...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Logging; Precipitation; Climate change; Africa; Tropics; National park.
Ano: 2005

Responses of plankton and fish from temperate zones to UVR and temperature in a context of global change
Provedor de dados: Ecología Austral
Autores: Gonçalves,Rodrigo J; Souza,María Sol; Aigo,Juana; Modenutti,Beatriz; Balseiro,Esteban; Villafañe,Virginia E; Cussac,Víctor; Helbling,E Walter.
In the last decades, both temperature and UVB (280-315 nm) radiation on the surface of the Earth increased at growing rates as a result of human activities. Many studies had evaluated the effects of temperature on aquatic ecosystems, but now the field broadens as the combination and variations of temperature and radiation gains especial importance. In this work we attempt to revisit some of our knowledge about the effects of UVR and temperature on marine and freshwater plankton and fish from temperate regions (defined here as latitudes between 30-60º), especially from the Patagonia area, due to the special characteristics found in these sites. UVR affects (often negatively) almost all processes, from carbon fixation to behavior; and certainly all trophic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Bacterioplankton; Phytoplankton; Zooplankton; Fish; Oxidative stress; Upper mixed layer.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1667-782X2010000200005

Monotonic trend and change points in southern Brazil precipitation
Provedor de dados: Engenharia Agrícola
Autores: Damé,Rita de C. F.; Teixeira,Claudia F. A.; Bacelar,Luiz C. S.; Winkler,Antoniony S.; Santos,Jacira P. dos.
Scientific evidence on climate changes at global level has gained increasing interest in the scientific community in general. The impacts of climate change as well as anthropogenic actions may cause errors in hydro-agricultural projects existent in the watershed under study. This study aimed to identify the presence or absence of trend in total annual precipitation series of the watershed of the Mirim Lagoon, state of Rio Grande do Sul-RS / Brazil / Uruguay (Brazilian side) as well as to detect the period in which they occurred. For that, it was analyzed the precipitation data belonging to 14 weather stations. To detect the existence of monotonic trend and change points, it was used the nonparametric tests of Mann-Kendall and Mann-Whitney, the "t" test of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Parametric and nonparametric test; Climate change; Trends change.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162013000200005

DAIRY PRODUCTION OF ‘SAANEN’ GOATS BASED ON METEOROLOGICAL VARIABLES AND FUTURE CLIMATE SCENARIOS
Provedor de dados: Engenharia Agrícola
Autores: Pequeno,Izaac D.; Turco,Silvia H. N.; Silva,Thieres G. F. da; Facó,Olivardo.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to modeling and bioclimatic zoning of ‘Saanen’ goat milk production in northeastern Brazil. Data were obtained from a 14-year dairy control program for 246 ‘Saanen’ goat matrices. Dairy production meteorological influence and mathematical modeling were assessed through statistical analyses such as Pearson’s correlation matrix and path analysis. Bioclimatic zoning for current and future scenarios, with climate changes, were delineated using inverse-square distance (ISD) and spherical model (kriging) interpolations. Results showed maximum air temperature to contribute substantially to goat dairy production; therefore, its modeling was based thereon. Current and future dairy production maps highlighted Maranhão and Piauí as regions...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Path analysis; Welfare; Stress; Climate change.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162017000200226

Development of experimental structure and influence of high CO2 concentration in maize cro
Provedor de dados: Engenharia Agrícola
Autores: Silva,João B. Lopes da; Ferreira,Paulo A.; Pereira,Eduardo G.; Costa,Luís C.; Miranda,Glauco V.
Maize is a C4 plant that shows few or no response to high [CO2]. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the photosynthetic rate and yield of maize under high [CO2] and develop open-top chambers (OTC) to create an atmosphere enriched with CO2. The experiment was conducted between October 2008 and March 2009. The OTCs were developed in modular scheme. Measurement of photosynthetic rates, transpiration, stomata conductance, grain yield and dry matter were performed. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications and three treatments: P1 - plants grown in OTC with 700 ppm [CO2], P2 - plants grown in OTC with environmental [CO2], and P3 - control, cultivated in open field. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (Pr&lt; 0.05). The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Open-top chambers; Climate change; Zea mays L.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162012000200010

PRODUCTIVE RESPONSES FROM BROILER CHICKENS RAISED IN DIFFERENT COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM - PART II: IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Provedor de dados: Engenharia Agrícola
Autores: Lourençoni,Dian; Yanagi Junior,Tadayuki; Yanagi,Silvia de N. M.; Abreu,Paulo G. de; Campos,Alessandro T.
ABSTRACT Broiler chickens are homoeothermic animals, i.e., animals capable of maintaining their body temperature within quite narrow limits; therefore, climate change poses a great challenge to poultry. With this in mind, this research aims to evaluate the performance of broilers submitted to different commercial production systems and exposed to different future scenarios, taking into account the climate change trends. To achieve this objective, we developed and validated a fuzzy model able to predict the performance of a broiler as a function of enthalpy along its life stages. This model was developed and validated in part I of this article based on experimental data collected for one year in three aviaries: conventional, negative pressure, and dark...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Broiler industry; Artificial intelligence; Climate change; Fuzzy system.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162019000100011

HYDROPHILIC POLYMER CHANGES THE WATER DEMAND IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A DWARF CASHEW ORCHARD
Provedor de dados: Engenharia Agrícola
Autores: Gondim,Rubens S.; Serrano,Luiz A. L.; Maia,Aline de H. N.; Silva,Janderson P. da.
ABSTRACT Important losses of dwarf cashew seedlings during the establishment of orchards in the Brazilian semiarid are related to the relatively short rainy season. This study aimed to evaluate biochar and hydrophilic polymer as soil amendments to increase water retention and reduce plant death in the first year. An experiment was conducted at the Curu Station, Paraipaba, CE, Brazil, using the clone BRS 226. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with amounts of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 kg of cashew wood biochar and 20, 40, 60, 80 g of hydrophilic polymer applied per pit, as well as a control treatment (no soil amendment). Seedlings were submitted to an irrigation regime to avoid water stress (5 L water seedling−1 when the tensiometer...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anacardium occidentale L.; Climate change; Adaptation; Soil amendment; Biochar.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162020000300344

Global warming projection of the change in dissolved oxygen concentrations in low oxygen regions of the oceans
Provedor de dados: Gayana
Autores: Matear,Richard.
Global warming projections using a range of climate models included in the IPCC 4th assessment report (AR4) suggest the oceans will warm, the stratification of the upper ocean will increase and the ventilation of the ocean interior will change. These physical changes will impact dissolved oxygen levels in the ocean. Using a global warming projection from the CSIRO (Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Research Administration) climate model linked to a simple ocean biogeochemical model I investigated how dissolved oxygen levels in the ocean interior change under global warming. The climate simulations project the low oxygen regions like the eastern equatorial Pacific will expand. By the end of the century it is projected that the volume of hypoxic water...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Global warming; Oxygen changes; Anoxia; Biogeochemical cycles; Climate change.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-65382006000300010

Impact of mycorrhizae and irrigation in the survival of seedlings of Pinus radiata D. Don subject to drought
Provedor de dados: Gayana Botánica
Autores: ATALA,CRISTIAN; MUÑOZ-CAPPONI,EDGARDO; PEREIRA,GUILLERMO; NAVARRETE,EDUARDO; OSES,RÓMULO; MOLINA-MONTENEGRO,MARCO.
In drought condition, plants increase survival chance by adjusting their functional traits and by biological associations. Mycorrhizae association and artificial watering have been shown to increase plant survival under drought, especially at early developmental stages when plants are more susceptible. In Chile, Pinus radiata is the most important forest species. It is grown mainly in Central Chile, where precipitations are predicted to drop in 40% and change in frequency in the future due to climate change. Rhizopogon luteolus is an ectomycorrhizae usually associated with Pinus species and has been found to increase drought tolerance. We addressed the effect of R. luteolus inoculation on survival and functional traits of P. radiata seedlings exposed to...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Pinus radiata; Rhizopogon luteolus; Climate change; Ectomycorrhizae; Drought tolerance.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432012000200009

Strawberry yield efficiency and its correlation with temperature and solar radiation
Provedor de dados: Horticultura Brasileira
Autores: Palencia,Pedro; Martínez,Fátima; Medina,Juan Jesús; López-Medina,José.
The impact that future climatic conditions will have on agricultural productivity depends on the sensitivity to each environmental factor and relative changes in temperature, precipitation and UV-B radiation. The strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) is a microclimatic crop cultivated almost worldwide and Spain is the world's second-largest strawberry producer after the USA. Strawberry production in Huelva has been affected by climate change in recent decades. Temperature and solar radiation are primary environmental factors controlling short-day strawberry plant growth and development. Temperature is a limiting factor in crop productivity. We assessed the effect of variations in temperature and solar radiation on strawberry production and crop cycle duration....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fragaria x ananassa; Environmental factors; Fruit yield; Climate change; 'Camarosa'.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362013000100015

Availability of data for the Black Sea climate change research
Provedor de dados: IBSS Repository
Autores: Vladymyrov, V.
This review presents a brief analysis and sources (including URLs for the Internet sources) of the most interesting and informative Black Sea oceanographic data sets (excluding satellite data) that are now available for the scientific community with the main attention on the long term data sets. The results of the analysis show that a number of the available Black Sea datasets is growing permanently. However, this process is still rather slow and insufficient. One can hope that new international projects that cover the Black Sea region will drastically improve the situation in nearest years. The attempts should be made as well to create the united reliable quality checked data time series especially for biological data for which long time series do not...
Tipo: Proceedings Paper
Palavras-chave: Black Sea; Data; Database; Climate change; Internet.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://repository.ibss.org.ua/dspace/handle/99011/697

Integrated data and information management system to collect and analyze biological data for climate change research
Provedor de dados: IBSS Repository
Autores: Sergeyeva, O.; Slipetskyy, D.; Gorbunov, V.; Vladymyrov, V.
The integrated data and information management system (InDIMS) has been developed at the Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas (Sevastopol, Ukraine), The system gives the possibility to have the convenient access to all types of data and information necessary for the effective scientific work including both the data collected within the institute and data form different national and international sources. The system can be used for a number of tasks including the climate change research.
Tipo: Proceedings Paper
Palavras-chave: Biological data; Metadata; Database; Internet; Climate change.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://repository.ibss.org.ua/dspace/handle/99011/696

Zooplankton-climate linkages in different geographical regions
Provedor de dados: IBSS Repository
Autores: Piontkovski, S. A.; Hameed, S.
The inter-annual variations of total zooplankton abundance in the Gulf of Maine (1961 ‑ 1991), the North‑East Atlantic (1961 ‑ 1994) and the North Sea (1961 ‑ 1994) were analyzed and related to the Icelandic Low and the Azores High atmospheric pressure systems.  In a similar way the variations of zooplankton biomass in the Gulf of Alaska (1956 ‑ 1980) were related to the Aleutian Low pressure system. Cross‑correlation and spectral density functions were calculated for the zooplankton and the pressure indices.  Regional and global aspects of the relationship between the intensity of the zooplankton fluctuations and the atmospheric centers of action were analyzed.  A discussion on possible mechanisms that may contribute to the dynamic links transferring...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Zooplankton; Climate change; Inter-annual variability; Sea level pressure; Зоопланктон; Изменение климата; Межгодовая изменчивость; Давление над уровнем моря Zooplankton Sea level pressure Zooplankton http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15490.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://repository.ibss.org.ua/dspace/handle/99011/131

Nutrient enrichment effect on macroinvertebrates in a lowland stream of Argentina
Provedor de dados: Iheringia Série Zoologia
Autores: Cortelezzi,Agustina; Ocón,Carolina; Oosterom,María V. López van; Cepeda,Rosana; Capítulo,Alberto Rodrigues.
ABSTRACT One of the most important effects derived from the intensive land use is the increase of nutrient concentration in the aquatic systems due to superficial drainage. Besides, the increment of precipitations in South America connected to the global climate change could intensify these anthropic impacts due to the changes in the runoff pattern and a greater discharge of water in the streams and rivers. The pampean streams are singular environments with high natural nutrient concentrations which could be increased even more if the predictions of global climate change for the area are met. In this context, the effect of experimental nutrient addition on macroinvertebrates in a lowland stream is studied. Samplings were carried out from March 2007 to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Phosphorus; Nitrogen; Fertilization; Invertebrate abundance; Climate change.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212015000200228

Abundance, breeding and food of the Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea (Aves, Ardeidae) in the Patos Lagoon estuary, a recently colonized area in southern Brazil
Provedor de dados: Iheringia Série Zoologia
Autores: Gianuca,Dimas; Gianuca,Andros T.; Vooren,Carolus M.
We document the expansion of the breeding distribution of the Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea (Linnaeus, 1758) to 850 km beyond its previous southern limit in South America. In addition we present data on abundance, breeding biology and food of the species in the Patos Lagoon estuary, the area which the species recently colonized. The maximum abundance recorded in the breeding colony and in a nocturnal roosting site was 53 and 49 individuals respectively. Nesting occurred from September to March. Birds nested in a mixed breeding colony together with about 3,000 breeding pairs of seven other species of Pelecaniformes, in a swampy forest near the margin of the estuary. Five nests were between 1.5 and 4.3 m from the ground, on the shrub Daphnopsis racemosa...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Herons; Reproduction; Rio Grande do Sul; Range expansion.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212012000100003

Pesquisa estuda impacto das mudanças climáticas no cafeeiro arábica.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: PEREIRA, N. R.
A partir da análise de informações experimentais, será traçada uma relação entre a estrutura da planta e a fisiologia do carbono, os compostos metabólicos e químicos, a expressão gênica e os atributos sensoriais da bebida produzida pelo cafeeiro. Para isso, serão usados modelos matemáticos e aplicadas ferramentas computacionais avançadas.
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas; Expressão genica; Modelagem; Café; Coffea Arábica.; Climate change; Models.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1062718

Agricultura de baixa emissão de carbono em regiões semiáridas: experiência brasileira.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
O aumento da concentração dos gases de efeito estufa (GEE) a partir da revolução industrial se tornou um alerta para as atividades antrópicas. Ampliando-se o grau de informação sobre as consequências que as emissões desses gases têm para a vida no planeta, a opção por estratégias de produção que resultem em mínimo impacto ambiental tornou-se uma necessidade. Fortalecendo o conceito e a perspectiva da sustentabilidade, o presente livro traz, à luz da visão sistêmica, interconectada e interdependente, os fatores, fenômenos e processos que ocorrem no Semiárido brasileiro para desenvolver uma agricultura de baixa emissão de carbono. Nessa ótica, a pesquisa tem tido um papel importante para promover a sustentabilidade, nas vertentes ambiental, econômica e...
Tipo: Livros
Palavras-chave: Semiárido; Sustentabilidade; Convivência com a seca; Agricultura Sustentável; Efeito Estufa; Políticas Públicas; Recurso Natural; Mudança Climática; Natural resources; Sustainable agriculture; Greenhouse effect; Climate change.
Ano: 2022
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1150080

1º Inventário das emissões de gases de efeito estufa do município de Rio Branco, Acre: série 2012-2016.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: COSTA, F. de S.; AMARAL, E. F. do; MELO, C. S. de; MARTINS, D. A.
Este inventário apresenta sugestões a partir dos resultados obtidos para mudanças estruturais no município objetivando reduzir as emissões, como, por exemplo, aumentar a robustez e a intercomunicação dos bancos de dados setoriais. A abordagem dada ao inventário permitiu demonstrar a tendência temporal de cada sumidouro/fonte de gases de efeito estufa por setor da matriz de produção do município e, portanto, prever o que assumir como prioridade para redução das emissões e/ou aumento da capacidade do sumidouro.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Inventário de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE); Sumidouros de gases; Emissões antrópicas; Vehicles; Cambio climático; Efecto invernadero; Gases de invernadero; Reservorios de carbono; Actividades antropogénicas; Estimación del riesgo; Uso de la tierra; Desechos sólidos; Rio Branco (AC); Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental; Mudança Climática; Efeito Estufa; Carbono; Estoque; Estimativa; Resíduo Solido.; Veiculo; Eliminação de Resíduo; Uso da Terra; Energia Elétrica; Climate change; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Carbon sinks; Risk estimate; Anthropogenic activities; Electric power industry; Land use; Solid wastes.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1117560

Resumos...
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: MOSTRA DE ESTAGIÁRIOS E BOLSISTAS DA EMBRAPA INFORMÁTICA AGROPECUÁRIA, 8., 2012, Campinas.
Desde a primeira edição do evento, em 2005, até a sétima edição, 2011, já foram apresentados 309 trabalhos. Em sua 8a edição, realizada em novembro de 2012, a Mostra contou com a participação de 47 trabalhos inscritos em três categorias: Pesquisa, Pós-graduação e Suporte à Pesquisa, em que 14 trabalhos foram selecionados para apresentação oral e 33 trabalhos para apresentação na seção de pôsteres.
Tipo: Outras publicações técnicas (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Agroinformática; Mudanças climáticas; Bioinformática.; Tecnologia da Informação.; Information technology; Bioinformatics; Climate change.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/954471

Por que a cachoeira da onça na serra da Bodoquena secou no verão de 2017?
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: BERGIER, I.
bitstream/item/163409/1/ADM-162.pdf
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudança Climática; Climate change.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1071832

Gases de efeito estufa da queima de cana-de-açúcar no estado de São Paulo: 1990 a 2015.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: LIMA, M. A. de; LUIZ, A. J. B.; NEVES, M. C.
Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta as estimativas atualizadas de emissões de metano (CH4), monóxido de carbono (CO), óxido nitroso (N2O) e óxidos de nitrogênio (NOx) provenientes da queima da cana-de-açúcar no estado de São Paulo com relação ao período de 1990 a 2015, utilizando os Documentos Orientadores (Guidelines) sobre Elaboração de Inventários de Emissão de Gases de Efeito Estufa do Painel Intergovernamental de Mudança do Clima - IPCC, de 2006. Em referência a 1990 foram estimadas emissões de 58,51 Gg de CH4, 1993,55 Gg de CO, 1,52 Gg de N2O e 54,17 Gg de NOx, reduzindo a 32,58 Gg de CH4, 1.110,14 Gg de CO, 0,84 Gg de N2O e 30,17 Gg de NOx em 2015. As emissões totais estimadas concernentes a 2015 correspondem a uma redução de 44,3% em relação a 1990....
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas; Óxido nitroso; Monóxido de carbono; Efeito estufa; Cana de açúcar; Queimada; Metano; Inventário científico; Greenhouse gases; Sugarcane; Burning; Climate change; Inventories.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1068087

Mudanças climáticas e o semiárido brasileiro: o papel da Embrapa Semiárido e suas ações de pesquisa.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: ANGELOTTI, F.; SA, I. B.; PETRERE, V. G.
Mudanças climáticas globais; O Semiárido brasileiro e as mudanças climáticas; Ações desenvolvidas pela Embrapa Semiárido frente às mudanças climáticas; Monitoramento das condições ambientais; Ações de mitigação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas na região semiárida.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Aquecimento global; Semiárido; Resiliência.; Clima; Mudança Climática.; Ecological resilience.; Climate change.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/657985

AGRICULTURA de baixa emissão de carbono: a evolução de um novo paradigma: sumário executivo.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Principais conclusões deste estudo. O be-a-bá do ABC: mais produção, menos emissão. O ABC na prática: um longo caminho até 2020. O futuro do ABC. Recomendações finais.
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Agricultura de baixo carbono; Emissão de carbono; Mudanças climáticas; Climate change.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/959512

Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em sistemas produtivos no Nordeste brasileiro.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: SIGNOR, D.; MORAES, S. A. de.
Apesar de o efeito estufa ser um fenômeno que ocorre naturalmente na atmosfera terrestre e que está associado à manutenção da temperatura média do planeta em uma faixa adequada às formas de vida que se conhece, o crescente aumento da concentração de gases de efeito estufa (GEEs) na atmosfera em função de atividades humanas, intensificado desde o início da Revolução Industrial, tem elevado a temperatura média no planeta e pode ter consequências econômicas e ambientais desastrosas. As emissões brasileiras de GEEs em 2017 foram estimadas em 2.070 Mt de CO2 -eq (SEEG, 2018). Desse valor, 23,9% são oriundos da atividade agropecuária, principalmente em função da criação de animais em pastagens e do uso de fertilizantes sintéticos.
Tipo: Parte de livro
Palavras-chave: Emissões de gases; Agropecuária brasileira; Sistemas produtivos; Sistemas agrícolas; Efeito Estufa; Solo; Políticas Públicas; Mudança Climática; Agricultura; Pastagem; Climate change.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1140439

Papel do Plano ABC e do Planaveg na adaptação da agricultura e da pecuária às mudanças climáticas.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: ASSAD, E. D.; COSTA, L. C.; MARTINS, S. C.; CALMON, M.; FELTRAN-BARBIERI, R.; CAMPANILI, M.; NOBRE, C. A.
Propõe-se aqui uma matriz sintética dos benefícios aferidos por modalidades de produção agropecuária, preconizadas pelo Plano ABC, e de restauração da vegetação, preconizadas pelo Planaveg, a fim de evidenciar vantagens e eventuais desvantagens dessas modalidades, quando comparadas aos sistemas produtivos convencionais, em termos de adaptação da agricultura às alterações climáticas que colocam a produção e a produtividade em risco.
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Plano ABC; Mudanças climáticas; Agropecuária brasileira; Impactos climáticos; Agricultura; Climate change.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1115525

MDL e a construção do conhecimento em quantificações de redução de emissões de GEEs: da proposta inicial ao programa de atividades.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: MOZZER, G. B.; PELLEGRINO, G. Q.
Catalisando ideias, inovações, tecnologias e sustentabilidade. Escolhas necessárias para a viabilização de um novo modelo. O processo de construção política do MDL. Entrada em vigor do Protocolo de Quioto. Caracterização da dinâmica e trâmite de metodologias de grande escala no setor florestal e convencional. Desafios impostos ao longo do período de operacionalização do MDL (2001-2016). Compromissos voluntários e suas sinergias com o MDL no contexto do acordo de Paris.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Protocolo de Quioto; Mudança Climática; Climate change; Global warming; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1104560

Governança doméstica e internacional: oportunidade e desafios para fomentar ações estruturais de adaptação para o setor agrícola brasileiro.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: MOZZER, G. B.; SAMPAIO, M. J. A. M.; PELLEGRINO, G. Q.
A mudança do clima, assim como outras tantas crises que já afligiram a humanidade ao longo da nossa breve existência neste planeta, apresenta oportunidades para as nações que investiram na construção de tecnologias e de arcabouço científico ajustado à realidade doméstica, que possuem recursos humanos suficientemente qualificados e cujas sociedades sejam capazes de compreender e ajustar seu comportamento de forma suficientemente dinâmica. Com o objetivo de enfrentar tais desafios, a Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima (UNFCCC, na sigla em inglês), universalmente aceita por todos os países signatários da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), estabeleceu como princípios fundamentais que: o sistema climático deve ser protegido em benefício...
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudança Climática; Setor Agrícola; Climate change; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1136517

Impactos das mudanças climáticas globais sobre problemas fitossanitários.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: ANGELOTTI, F.; HAMADA, E.; GHINI, R.
Os patógenos de plantas causam danos significativos no rendimento dos cultivos, sendo que cerca de um terço da produção pode ser perdida em decorrência das doenças. O clima tem relação direta com a ocorrência desses problemas fitossanitários e, com as mudanças climáticas, estão previstas alterações na intensidade e na distribuição geográfica e temporal dos patógenos, interferindo na sustentabilidade dos sistemas de produção.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Doença da planta; Fitossanidade; Mudança Climática; Patógeno; Climate change.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1137169

Inventário de emissões antrópicas e sumidouros de gases de efeito estufa do Estado do Acre: ano-base 2010.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: COSTA, F. de S.; AMARAL, E. F. do; BUTZKE, A. G.; NASCIMENTO, S. da S.
Circunstâncias estaduais; Inventário das emissões atrópicas e sumidouros de gases de efeito estufa do Estado do Acre; Descrição das providências previstas ou tomas para a implementação da Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sovre mudança do clima no Acre.
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Inventário de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE); Sumidouros de gases; Desechos sólidos; Emissões antrópicas; Vehicles; Cambio climático; Efecto invernadero; Gases de invernadero; Reservorios de carbono; Actividades antropogénicas; Estimación del riesgo; Uso de la tierra; Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental.; Mudança Climática; Eliminação de Resíduo; Efeito Estufa; Carbono; Estoque; Estimativa; Energia Elétrica; Uso da Terra; Resíduo Solido.; Veiculo; Carbon sinks; Risk estimate; Anthropogenic activities; Electric power industry; Land use; Solid wastes.; Climate change; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/928097

Modelación del arroz en Latinoamérica: estado del arte y base de datos para parametrización.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: REBOLLEDO-CID, M. C.; RAMÍREZ-VILLEGAS, J.; GRATEROL-MATUTE, E.; HERNÁNDEZ-VARELA, C. A.; RODRÍGUEZ-ESPINOZA, J.; PETRO-PÁEZ, E. H.; PINZÓN, S.; HEINEMANN, A. B.; RODRÍGUEZ-BAIDE, J. M.; VAN DEN BERG, M.
El arroz en Latinoamérica y el Caribe (LAC) es un cultivo de gran importancia social y económica. El consumo de arroz en LAC ha aumentado significativamente durante los últimos años, registrando un promedio actual de 30 kg persona-1 año-1. La particularidad del arroz producido en LAC está en una alta calidad de grano y una producción que se realiza en su mayoría bajo sistemas mecanizados con siembra directa. En LAC, el arroz es producido bajo riego y secano dentro de diferentes eco-regiones (templado, tropical húmedo, tropical seco). La seguridad alimentaria y el cambio climático constituyen un reto para la producción de arroz en LAC, elevando la necesidad de aumentar, pero a su vez estabilizar los rendimientos y la calidad del grano. La modelación de...
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: América Latina; Arroz; Oryza sativa; Modelo de simulação; Rice; Simulation models; Climate change; Calibration.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1090979

Impacto das mudanças climáticas sobre a distribuição geográfica das ferrugens do milho.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: HAMADA, E.; OLIVEIRA, E. de; LANDAU, E. C.; NOGUEIRA, S. M. C.; GHINI, R.
bitstream/item/167394/1/Impacto-mudancas.pdf
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudança climática; Ferrugem; Clima; Doença de planta; Milho; Plant diseases and disorders; Plant pests; Climate change.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1080618

Summary for policymakers of the scientific review of the impact of climate change on plant pests: a global challenge to prevent and mitigate plant pest risks in agriculture, forestry and ecosystems.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: GULLINO, M. L.; ALBAJES, R.; AL JBOORY, I.; ANGELOTTI, F.; CHAKRABORTY, S.; GARRETT, K. A.; HURLEY, B. P.; JUROSZEK, P.; MAKKOUK, K.; PAN, X.; STEPHENSON, T.
Climate change represents an unprecedented challenge to the world?s biosphere and to the global community. It also represents a unique challenge for plant health. Human activities and increased market globalization, coupled with rising temperatures, has led to a situation that is favourable to pest movement and establishment. This summary for policy makers drawn from the FAO scientific review on the impact of climate change on plant pests, and by extension, on plant health provides concrete recommendations for decision makers on how to address the impact of climate change on plant health. The evidence assessed strongly indicates that climate change has already expanded some pests? host range and geographical distribution, and may further increase the risk...
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Fitossanidade; Proteção de planta; Avaliação impactante; Mitigação; Agricultura; Mudança Climática; Planta; Life cycle impact assessment; Climate change; Plant protection.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1132885

The role of agriculture in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: MADARI, B. E.; CUADRA, S. V.; OLIVEIRA, P. P. A.; HIGA, R. C. V.; RAMOS, N. P.; ANDRADE, C. A. de; KEMENES, A.; GONDIM, R. S.
Introduction. Agriculture and livestock. Energy crops. Forestry sector. Ecological systems. Fish farming. Final considerations.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mitigação de emissão de gases do efeito estufa; Agricultura; Efeito Estufa; Carbono; Mudança Climática; Agriculture; Greenhouse gas emissions; Global warming; Climate change; Soil organic carbon; Carbon sequestration.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1128223

AGRICULTURA de baixa emissão de carbono: a evolução de um novo paradigma: relatório completo.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Agricultura de Baixa Emissão de Carbono: a construção de um paradigma. Plano ABC: invertendo o sinal de carbono da agropecuária brasileira. Da teoria à prática: evolução do Programa ABC (2010-2012). O Plano operativo do Programa ABC. Sugestões para o monitoramento do Plano ABC. Rumo a 2020: como acelerar o ABC para cumprir as metas de Copenhague. Efetividade do Plano ABC. Sugestões e conclusões finais.
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Emissão de carbono; Plano ABC; Mudanças climáticas; Climate change.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/959517

Challenges and solutions to fight climate change.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: CUADRA, S. V.; HEINEMANN, A. B.; MADARI, B. E.; OLIVEIRA, A. F. de; SANTOS, P. M.; OLIVEIRA, P. P. A.; KEMENES, A.; MOZZER, G. B.; BARIONI, L. G.
Introduction. Embrapa. Advances and challenges. Final considerations
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Agricultura brasileira; Mudanças climáticas; Agricultura; Climate change; Agriculture.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1127977

Local and international governance: challenges and opportunities to encourage structural adaptation actions for the Brazilian agricultural sector.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: MOZZER, G. B.; SAMPAIO, M. J. A. M.; PELLEGRINO, G. Q.
Climate change, as well as many other crises that have afflicted humanity throughout our brief existence on this planet provides opportunities for nations who invested in developing technologies and a scientific framework adjusted to the domestic reality, which have sufficiently qualified human resources and whose societies are able to understand and adjust their behavior dynamically. In order to face these challenges, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), universally accepted by all countries that are United Nations (UN) signatories, established the following fundamental principles: the climate system must be protected for the benefit of present and future generations; the specific needs and special circumstances of...
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudança Climática; Setor Agrícola; Climate change; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1136519

Projeções de demanda hídrica para irrigação do meloeiro no Submédio São Francisco sob cenários de mudanças climáticas.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: GONDIM, R. S.; MAIA, A. de H. N.; EVANGELISTA, S. R. M.; BASSOI, L. H.; DUARTE, A. de S.; PACHECO, A. N. P.
bitstream/item/93406/1/BPD13003.pdf
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas; Melon.; Evapotranspiração; Irrigação; Melão.; Evapotranspiration; Climate change; Irrigation.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/972686

Agricultural climate risk zoning (ZARC).
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: MONTEIRO, J. E. B. de A.; COSTA, F. de S.; BEZERRA, M. A.; COMUNELLO, E.; ZOLIN, C. A.; PEREIRA, J. R.; MELEM JUNIOR, N. J.; ANTONIO, I. C.; SANTIAGO, A. V.; SILVA, S. C. da; SILVA, F. A. M. da; STEINMETZ, S.; KLEPKER, D.; COELHO FILHO, M. A.; CABRAL, O. M. R.; ANDRADE JUNIOR, A. S. de; GUIMARAES, D. P.; SORIANO, B. M. A.; PEZZOPANE, J. R. M.; EVANGELISTA, B. A.; ALVES, A. B.; MOURA, M. S. B. de; FARIAS, J. R. B.; BARROS, A. H. C.; TEIXEIRA, W. G.; SILVA, A. A. G. da; CUNHA, G. R. da; CONCEIÇÃO, M. A. F.; HIGA, R.; PELLEGRINO, G. Q.
Agricultural Climate Risk Zoning (ZARC) was implemented in 1996 with the objective of delineating municipalities and planting times based on agroclimatic risk. At its base is, a network of researchers and technicians from Embrapa and several other state institutions and an elaborate construction of agrometeorological data analysis systems and mathematical simulations, which quantify the production risk in the normal climatic conditions of each region, in order to allow an adequate assessment of the variability of each location, season and its consequences for agricultural crops;
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: ZARC; Mudança Climática; Agricultura; Climate change.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1135928

PORTFÓLIO de mudanças climáticas: ciência para a adaptação e sustentabilidade da agricultura brasileira.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Boas práticas. Pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação.
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas; Agricultura; Mudança Climática; Climate change; Agriculture.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1133597

Agricultura familiar dependente de chuva no Semiárido.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: MELO, R. F. de; VOLTOLINI, T. V.
A agricultura familiar tem grande importância para o Brasil: está presente em mais de 2 milhões de estabelecimentos agropecuários, ocupa uma área de aproximadamente 28 milhões de hectares e envolve 8,6 milhões de pessoas, das quais 38% residem no Semiárido. Essas famílias, que têm a agropecuária como sua principal atividade, enfrentam o desafio de ter uma produção sustentável em áreas dependentes de chuva devido à limitada oferta de água no Semiárido. Objetivou-se, com esta publicação, apresentar resultados de pesquisas científicas, revisões de literatura e experiências acumuladas pelos autores com vistas a divulgar não apenas conhecimentos e informações sobre a agricultura familiar dependente de chuva na região semiárida brasileira, mas também suas...
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Manejo do solo e água; Semiárido; Convivência com o Semiárido; Sistemas produtivos; Agricultura dependente de chuva; Agricultura Familiar; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Mudança Climática; Biodiversidade; Caatinga; Maquina Agrícola; Implemento Agrícola; Climate change; Biodiversity; Farm families; Sustainable development.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1114220

Seleção de bactérias promotoras de crescimento vegetal para culturas alimentares tradicionais no ambiente Semiárido.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: FERNANDES JUNIOR, P. I.
As ações de pesquisa nesta temática foram conduzidas com o objetivo de se obter bactérias promotoras de crescimento para diferentes culturas na região semiárida, bioma Caatinga, objetivando aumentos de produtividade e redução da demanda por fertilizantes, principalmente os nitrogenados, bem como reduzir os efeitos dos estresses abióticos nas culturas, beneficiando principalmente os pequenos produtores de base familiar do sertão. Essas ações estão englobadas em projetos de pesquisa para diversas culturas importantes em sistemas de base familiar como feijão-caupi, amendoim e milho. Em dois projetos, conduzidos entre os anos de 2011 e 2015, estruturamos coleções de cultura a partir do isolamento e caracterização dos isolados bacterianos objetivando a seleção...
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Semiárido; Feijão caupi; Estresse abiótico; Bioma Caatinga; Bactéria; Mudança Climática; Estirpe; Climate change.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1137218

Inventário de emissões antrópicas e sumidouros de gases de efeito estufa do Estado do Acre: ano-base 2014.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: AMARAL, E. F. do; BARDALES, N. G.; MARTORANO, L. G.; COSTA, F. de S.; MELO, A. W. F. de; ARAÚJO, E. A. de; MATTOS, J. C. P.; OLIVEIRA, M. V. N. d'; VALENTIM, J. F.; OLIVEIRA, C. H. A. de; LANI, J. L.
Para a quantificação das emissões de GEE, a elaboração de um inventário é a ferramenta mais utilizada pelos governos e instituições privadas. Esse compreende a quantificação de GEE emitidos como decorrência das atividades diretas e indiretas de uma organização ou território e contabiliza a emissão de todas as fontes definidas em grupos de atividades associadas a uma empresa ou território. Esse guia fornece os subsídios para a elaboração de inventários de emissões de GEE por empresas e organizações diversas. Os gases considerados em seu escopo estão no Protocolo de Quioto: dióxido de carbono (CO2), metano (CH4), óxido nitroso (N2O), hexafluoreto de enxofre (SF6), hidrofluorcarbonos (HFCs), perfluorcarbonos (PFCs). Este inventário apresenta as estimativas...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Inventário de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE); Sumidouros de gases; Emissões antrópicas; Vehicles; Cambio climático; Efecto invernadero; Gases de invernadero; Reservorios de carbono; Actividades antropogénicas; Estimación del riesgo; Uso de la tierra; Desechos sólidos; Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental; Mudança Climática; Efeito Estufa; Carbono; Estoque; Estimativa; Energia Elétrica; Veiculo; Uso da Terra; Eliminação de Resíduo; Resíduo Solido; Climate change; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Carbon sinks; Risk estimate; Anthropogenic activities; Electric power industry; Land use; Solid wastes.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1105534

Percepções climáticas na Terra Indígena Kaxinawá Nova Olinda e cenários topotérmicos de mudanças climáticas, Acre - Amazônia brasileira.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: MARTORANO, L. G.; AMARAL, E. F. do; MORAES, J. R. da S. C. de; LISBOA, L. S. S.; LIMA, A. R. da S.; BORTOLI, C. de; OLIVEIRA, T. K. de; HAVERROTH, M.; OLIVEIRA, C. H. A. de; BORGES, D. R.; BARDALES, N. G.
O objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar as percepções climáticas de moradores na Terra Indígena Kaxinawá Nova Olinda (TIKNO) para subsidiar estratégias de decisão quanto às potencialidades e vulnerabilidades em cenários de mudanças climáticas na área de influência desse território, no estado do Acre. Foram realizadas atividades de campo e em laboratório, como o tratamento de análise de dados climáticos. Fez-se pesquisa de campo para coleta de dados usando sensores térmico-hídricos, realização de diagnósticos com termografia no infravermelho próximo, atividades integradoras para obtenção de percepções pela população indígena, tendo como tema questões relacionadas aos saberes locais quanto à importância do clima nas atividades cotidianas na TIKNO. Rodadas de...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Agrometeorologia; Mandala; Serviços ambientais; Cambio climático; Povos indígenas; Servicios ecosistémicos; Gestión agrícola; Pueblos indígenas; Terra Indígena Kaxinawá de Nova Olinda (TIKNO); Feijó (AC); Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental; Mudança Climática; Planejamento Agrícola; Agrometeorology; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Agricultural management; Indigenous peoples.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1130302

Agricultural climate risk zoning (ZARC).
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: MONTEIRO, J. E. B. de A.; COSTA, F. de S.; BEZERRA, M. A.; COMUNELLO, E.; ZOLIN, C. A.; PEREIRA, J. R.; MELEM JUNIOR, N. J.; ANTONIO, I. C.; SANTIAGO, A. V.; SILVA, S. C. da; SILVA, F. A. M. da; STEINMETZ, S.; KLEPKER, D.; COELHO FILHO, M. A.; CABRAL, O. M. R.; ANDRADE JUNIOR, A. S. de; GUIMARAES, D. P.; SORIANO, B. M. A.; PEZZOPANE, J. R. M.; EVANGELISTA, B. A.; ALVES, A. B.; MOURA, M. S. B. de; FARIAS, J. R. B.; BARROS, A. H. C.; TEIXEIRA, W. G.; SILVA, A. A. G. da; CUNHA, G. R. da; CONCEIÇÃO, M. A. F.; HIGA, R.; PELLEGRINO, G. Q.
Agricultural Climate Risk Zoning (ZARC) was implemented in 1996 with the objective of delineating municipalities and planting times based on agroclimatic risk. At its base is, a network of researchers and technicians from Embrapa and several other state institutions and an elaborate construction of agrometeorological data analysis systems and mathematical simulations, which quantify the production risk in the normal climatic conditions of each region, in order to allow an adequate assessment of the variability of each location, season and its consequences for agricultural crops;
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: ZARC; Mudança Climática; Agricultura; Climate change.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1136025

Desmatamento evitado na Terra Indígena Poyanawa, Mâncio Lima, AC, Brasil.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: AMARAL, E. F. do; MELO, A. W. F. de; OLIVEIRA, C. H. A. de; BARDALES, N. G.; OLIVEIRA, T. K. de; MARTORANO, L. G.; FRANKE, I. L.; HAVERROTH, M.
Este fôlder mostra a síntese dos resultados para estabelecimento de níveis de referência para a Terra Indígena Poyanawa (TIPOY) e indica caminhos para uma estratégia de alinhamento das emissões evitadas em uma terra protegida com o programa jurisdicional do estado do Acre.
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Deforestación; Sistemas de control medioambiental; Crédito de carbono; Cambio climático; Mercados de carbono; Povos indígenas; Pueblos indígenas; Sistema de Incentivos a Serviços Ambientais (Sisa); Terra Indígena Poyanawa (TIPOY); Mâncio Lima (AC); Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental; Desmatamento; Controle Ambiental; Mudança Climática; Políticas Públicas; Deforestation; Environmental control systems; Climate change; Public policy; Carbon markets; Indigenous peoples.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1131667

Estratégias para sequestro de carbono: experimentação de modelos.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: GIONGO, V.; SANTANA, M. da S.; SALVIANO, A. M.; SILVA, D. J.; CUNHA, T. J. F.; FIGUEIREDO, M. C. B. de; TAURA, T. A.; BARROS, V. da S.
O presente capítulo apresenta resultados de estudos de dois experimentos de longa duração, que são desenvolvidos há 10 e 8 anos, em área irrigada no Semiárido brasileiro, comparando modelos de agroecossistemas multifuncionais. Neles se utilizaram a redução da intensidade do preparo do solo e o aporte de material orgânico ao solo como estratégias para sequestrar carbono em áreas irrigadas no Semiárido brasileiro, visando à sustentabilidade da produção de frutícolas e olerícolas. Também serão relatados os benefícios advindos da combinação dessas práticas.
Tipo: Parte de livro
Palavras-chave: Estoque de carbono; Sustentabilidade; Agroecossistema; Biomassa aérea; Sistema solo; Mitigação dos efeitos do clima; Solo; Produção de Alimentos; Carbono; Mudança Climática; Soil; Climate change.
Ano: 2022
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1150133

Projeções de demanda hídrica para irrigação do meloeiro no Nordeste brasileiro sob cenários de mudanças climáticas.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: GONDIM, R. S.; MAIA, A. de H. N.; EVANGELISTA, S. R. M.; LUIZ, A. J. B.; BASSOI, L. H.; MIRANDA, F. R. de; OLIVEIRA, K. M. L. de.
O objetivo desta publicação é sintetizar um conjunto de resultados de estudos de impactos de mudanças climáticas sobre a demanda de água para irrigação, em regiões produtoras de melão no Nordeste brasileiro, desenvolvidos no âmbito do Projeto CliMelão, liderado pela Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical.Mudanças cvlimáticas: aspectos conceituais; Modelo de circulação global e regional; Climatologia de base do modelo; Incertezas das mudanças climáticas; Correção de viés; Integração de modelos; Análise de impactos na demanda hídrica; Cálculo de necessidade hídrica bruta da cultura; Projeções da necessidade hídrica bruta; Identificação de medidas adaptativas e mitigatorias.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas; Demanda hídrica; Nordeste; Mitigação; Irrigação; Melão; Irrigation; Climate change.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1033564

Plano municipal de mitigação e adaptação às mudanças do clima de Rio Branco.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: AMARAL, E. F. do; NASCIMENTO, W.; BRILHANTE, S. H. C.; GUERRA, R.; SOUSA, M. L.; MARTORANO, L. G.; MORAES, J. R. da S. C. de; VIANA, J. G. de L.; FRANKE, I. L.; SAVIAN, G.; PANTOJA, E.
O Plano Municipal de Mitigação e Adaptação às Mudanças do Clima (PMMC) norteará o município de Rio Branco na definição de políticas e projetos voltados à mitigação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas. Este Plano reúne as ações prioritárias a serem implementadas, para o enfrentamento dos desafios prementes, constituindo-se em um pacto de esperança e compromisso com os moradores de Rio Branco.
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Amazonia Occidental.; Cambio climático; Reducción de riesgos; Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Mudança Climática; Políticas Públicas; Política Ambiental; Impacto Ambiental; Redução.; Public policy; Climate change; Risk reduction.; Environmental policy.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1130604

Atlas digital dos cenários climáticos futuros projetados para o Brasil com base no Terceiro Relatório do IPCC (2001): variáveis de interesse agrícola.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: HAMADA, E.; GHINI, R.; GONÇALVES, R. R. V.; MARENGO, J. A.; THOMAZ, M. C.
bitstream/item/57434/1/Atlas-Digital.zip
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas; Clima; Agricultura; Climate change.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/873909

Ações de mitigação e adaptação frente às mudanças climáticas.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: ANGELOTTI, F.; GIONGO, V.
Neste capítulo, serão apresentados processos, tecnologias, modelos e exemplos de agricultura familiar no Semiárido brasileiro que alcançam condições para manter a resiliência dos seus agroecossistemas num cenário de mudanças climáticas globais, destacando-se ações relacionadas à adaptação e mitigação.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Agricultura dependente de chuva; Mitigação; Desenvolvimento regional; Semiárido; Agroecossistema; Mudança Climática; Agricultura; Agricultura Familiar; Segurança Alimentar; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Políticas Públicas; Climate change.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1118535

Agricultura sustentável como medida de adaptação para o Polo Gesseiro do Araripe.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: ANGELOTTI, F.; OLIVEIRA, A. R. de; GIONGO, V.; BARROS, J. R. A.; GUIMARÃES, M. J. M.
O Polo Gesseiro do Araripe, localizado no Semiárido brasileiro, é responsável pela produção de 97% do gesso consumido no Brasil, considerado o de melhor qualidade no mundo devido ao alto teor de pureza da gipsita (BARBOSA et al., 2014). Todavia, a matriz energética das fábricas envolvidas no processo de produção do gesso da região do Araripe é caracterizada pelo uso da lenha proveniente da Caatinga, que, na maioria das vezes, é resultante de desmatamento ilegal. Além disso, os sistemas de monocultivos, comumente praticados pela agricultura tradicional da região, caracterizam-se pelo extrativismo predato?rio dos recursos naturais de solo e de vegetação e pela consequente supersimplificação da rede alimentar, perdendo a resiliência ou plasticidade ambiental...
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Polo Gesseiro do Araripe; Medidas de adaptação; Agricultura Sustentável; Políticas Públicas; Segurança Alimentar; Mudança Climática; Agricultura Familiar; Caatinga; Climate change.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1135026

Aumento da tolerância de sementes e mudas nativas visando maior resiliência do Bioma Caatinga às mudanças do clima.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: DANTAS, B. F.; MEIADO, M. V.; PELACANI, C. R.; ANGELOTTI, F.
A região brasileira mais vulnerável à mudança do clima é o interior do Nordeste, de clima Semiárido e vegetação xerófila, correspondendo ao Bioma Caatinga. Entretanto, espécies nativas desse bioma têm alta tolerância às condições extremas e a produção de sementes nativas de qualidade ocorre durante todo o ano, até mesmo em períodos de seca intensa. A produção e comercialização de sementes e mudas florestais nativas da Caatinga podem gerar renda para o produtor que possua uma área de preservação em sua propriedade rural, pois podem ser produzidas com baixo custo e pouca quantidade de água de qualidade.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Bioma Caatinga; Vegetação xerófila; Caatinga; Semente; Mudança Climática; Muda; Climate change.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1137206

Atlas digital dos cenários climáticos projetados para o Brasil com base no Quarto Relatório do IPCC (2007): variáveis de interesse agrícola
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: HAMADA, E.; GHINI, R.; MARENGO, J. A.; OLIVEIRA, B. S.; NOGUEIRA, S. M. C.
Conjunto de mapas contendo variáveis climáticas de interesse agrícola do período de referência de 1961-1990 e dos cenários climáticos de 2011-2040, 2041-2070 e 2071-2100, projetados pelo Quarto Relatório do IPCC (2001) para o Brasil. A disponibilização de novas projeções de modelos climáticos globais do Quarto Relatório do IPCC propiciou a obtenção de mapas com maior confiabilidade, quando comparados aos relatórios anteriores.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas; Clima; Agricultura; Climate change; Weather forecasting; Agriculture.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/979893

Memórias do II Seminário da Rede AgroHidro: impactos da agricultura e das mudanças climáticas nos recursos hídricos.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: MOURA, M. F.; RODRIGUES, L. N.; PELLEGRINO, G. Q.
Este material tem por objetivo registrar e documentar os fatos ocorridos durante o II Seminário da Rede AgroHidro que ocorreu em Campinas, SP, de 25 a 27 de março de 2014.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Rede AgroHidro; Mudanças climáticas; Recursos hídricos; Seminário; Agricultura; Agriculture; Climate change; Water resources.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1064886

Desenhos de agroecossistemas multifuncionais sustentáveis e intensivos.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: GIONGO, V.; SALVIANO, A. M.; CUNHA, T. J. F.; SIGNOR, D.; TAURA, T. A.; OLZEVSK, N.; LIMA, R. L. F. de A.; BRITO, M. C. F.
As dinâmicas agrícolas vigentes e predominantes no Bioma Caatinga são incapazes de recuperar os impactos ambientais decorrentes da mudança do uso da terra e da cobertura vegetal, muito menos estão estruturadas para mitigar ou se adaptar aos cenários de mudanças climáticas.
Tipo: Parte de livro
Palavras-chave: Agroecossistema; Bioma Caatinga; Solo; Cobertura Vegetal; Caatinga; Uso da Terra; Mudança Climática; Climate change.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1137271

Melhoramento genético de eucaliptos para desenvolvimento de cultivares destinadas a múltiplos usos da madeira e de populações com potencial para superar possíveis adversidades ocasionadas por mudanças climáticas.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: SANTOS, P. E. T. dos; PALUDZYSZYN FILHO, E.; SCHUHLI, G. S. e; GERHARDT, I. R.; OLIVEIRA, V. R. de.
O objetivo do projeto foi ampliar as oportunidades de experimentação a campo, de melhoramento em multiambientes e de validação de produtos, contribuindo para que a expansão territorial das plantações de eucalipto, mesmo sob possíveis efeitos das mudanças climáticas globais, aconteça no futuro de forma menos sujeita a riscos de comprometimento das produções.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Melhoramento genético; Mudanças climáticas; Eucalipto; Mudança Climática; Eucalyptus; Genetic improvement; Climate change.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1137168

Liming acidic soils.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: MACHADO, P. L. O. de A.; BENITES, V. de M.; BOLAN, N.
1. Description of the practice. 2. Range of applicability. 3. Impact on soil organic carbon stocks. 4. Other benefits of the practice. 5. Potential drawbacks to the practice. 6. Recommendations before implementing the practice. 7. Potential barriers for adoption.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Solo Ácido; Acid soils; Liming; Soil organic carbon; Soil properties; Climate change; Greenhouse gas emissions.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1137163

Aumento da eficiência produtiva dos cultivos frente às mudanças climáticas.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: ANGELOTTI, F.; COSTA, N. D.; VOLTOLINI, T. V.; SIMOES, W. L.
Os estudos realizados abordam os principais elementos climáticos que estão sofrendo alterações e seus possíveis impactos, para então propor medidas de adaptação que aumentem a resiliência dos cultivos.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Semiárido; Mudança Climática; Agricultura Sustentável; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Sistema de Cultivo; Climate change.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1137165

Inventário de emissões antrópicas e sumidouros de gases de efeito estufa do estado do Acre: ano-base 2012.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: COSTA, F. de S.; AMARAL, E. F. do.
O Acre é o primeiro estado da Amazônia a ter um Inventário de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE) e o quarto do Brasil a ter este instrumento, que aqui se transforma numa base de dados eficiente para monitorar e avaliar as fontes e sumidouros no estado. O inventário de GEE contabiliza de maneira precisa as emissões de carbono, constituindo-se um instrumento de trabalho para pesquisadores, estudantes, técnicos e tomadores de decisão envolvidos em ações de mitigação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas, a partir da implementação de programas, planos de ação ou projetos, de acordo com os princípios e critérios estabelecidos. O inventário está estruturado em dois capítulos. No primeiro capítulo são apresentadas as estimativas setoriais (energia ? termelétricas;...
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Inventário de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE); Sumidouros de gases; Emissões antrópicas; Vehicles; Uso de la tierra; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental.; Cambio climático; Efecto invernadero; Gases de invernadero; Reservorios de carbono; Actividades antropogénicas; Estimación del riesgo; Desechos sólidos; Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Mudança Climática; Efeito Estufa; Resíduo Solido.; Estoque; Estimativa; Eliminação de Resíduo; Uso da Terra; Energia Elétrica; Veiculo; Carbono; Climate change; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Carbon sinks; Risk estimate; Anthropogenic activities; Electric power industry; Land use; Solid wastes.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1008120

Scientific review of the impact of climate change on plant pests: a global challenge to prevent and mitigate plant pest risks in agriculture, forestry and ecosystems.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: GULLINO, M. L.; ALBALES, R.; AL-JBOORY, I.; ANGELOTTI, F.; CHAKRABORTY, S.; GARRETT, K. A.; HURLEY, B. P.; JUROSZEK, P.; MAKKOUK, K.; STEPHENSON, T.
Climate change represents an unprecedented challenge to the world?s biosphere and to the global community. It also represents a unique challenge for plant health. Human activities and increased market globalization, coupled with rising temperatures, has led to a situation that is favourable to pest movement and establishment. This scientific review assesses the potential effects of climate change on plant pests and consequently on plant health. The evidence assessed strongly indicates that climate change has already expanded some pests? host range and geographical distribution, and may further increase the risk of pest introduction to new areas. This calls for international cooperation and development of harmonized plant protection strategies to help...
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mitigação; Fitossanidade; Proteção de plantas; Avaliação impactante; Medidas fitossanitárias; Redução de risco; Clima; Mudança Climática; Planta; Praga; Agricultura; Silvicultura; Ecossistema; Climate change; Plant pests; Agriculture; Life cycle impact assessment.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1132870

O arroz de terras altas como estratégia para segurança alimentar, intensificação ecológica e adaptação à mudança do clima: rumo aos objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável para o milênio.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: CARVALHO, M. T. de M.; CASTRO, A. P. de; FERREIRA, C. M.; LACERDA, M. C.; LANNA, A. C.; SILVA-LOBO, V. L.; SILVA, M. A. S. da; COLOMBARI FILHO, J. M.
O desafio atual é incrementar a produção e, consequentemente, a produtividade da cultura, por meio de melhoramento genético e de práticas de manejo que aumentem a eficiência do uso de terras agrícolas e reduzam o uso da água e o impacto da deficiência hídrica. Nesse contexto, a Embrapa desenvolve os seguintes trabalhos: identificação de genótipos de arroz de terras altas tolerantes à deficiência hídrica e uso de bioinsumos para promover o crescimento de raízes; melhoramento genético de arroz de terras altas sob condições de estresse hídrico e tendência de aumento de temperatura no Brasil Central; cultivo de arroz de terras altas tolerante a herbicida em consórcio com forrageiras; papel do arroz de terras altas para sequestro de C e incremento da...
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Arroz; Oryza Sativa; Segurança Alimentar; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Mudança Climática; Ecologia; Rice; Ecology; Climate change; Sustainable development; Food security.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1121735

Clima e agricultura: desafios para a produção de alimentos: mudanças climáticas e o aumento do risco de eventos meteorológicos adversos afetam a produção agrícola e a oferta de alimentos.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: MONTEIRO, J. E. B. de A.; CUADRA, S. V.; ALMEIDA, I. R. de; BAMBINI, M. D.; VICTORIA, D. de C.; PELLEGRINO, G. Q.; OLIVEIRA, A. F. de.
Variabilidade natural e mudanças climáticas. Gestão de riscos climáticos na agricultura. Cultivando a cultura da gestão de riscos.
Tipo: Artigo de periódico
Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas; Gestão de riscos climáticos; Agricultura; Clima; Agriculture; Climate; Climate change; Risk management.
Ano: 2022
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1145847

Environmental characterisation to guide breeding decisions in a changing climate.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: RAMIREZ-VILLEGAS, J.; HEINEMANN, A. B.
Substantial evidence now exists suggesting that agricultural yields will have to increase significantly in order to meet food needs during the 21st century. One such way of increasing yields is to develop high yielding cultivars through crop improvement. This Working Paper summarises the results of a CCAFS project named Target Population of Environments (TPE). The project aimed at providing actionable information to crop breeders and, therefore, inform breeding decisions. We developed and applied a methodology for classifying crop growing environments, determining stress profiles and, finally, assessing the potential benefit of improved breeding practice. We present two contrasting case studies, one for upland rice in central Brazil and another for common...
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Crop modelling; Environmental characterisation.; Melhoramento; Arroz; Oryza sativa; Feijão; Phaseolus vulgaris; Mudança Climática.; Climate change; Breeding.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1032800

Metodologia para avaliação de impactos de mudanças climáticas na demanda de água para a agricultura irrigada em nível de bacia hidrográfica.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: GONDIM, R. S.; MAIA, A. de H. N.; EVANGELISTA, S. R. M.; CASTRO, M. A. H. de; FUCK JÚNIOR, S. C. de F.
O objetivo desta publicação é discutir e apresentar uma abordagem metodológica para quantificação de impactos de mudanças climáticas sobre a demanda de água para irrigação, em nível de bacia hidrográfica, integrando projeções de cenários climáticos futuros, um modelo de demanda hídrica e informações locais sobre culturas e métodos de irrigação.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Bacia Hidrográfica; Irrigação; Mudança Climática.; Climate change; Irrigation.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/920223

FishMed: traits, phylogeny, current and projected species distribution of Mediterranean fishes, and environmental data
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Albouy, Camille; Lasram, Frida Ben Rais; Velez, Laure; Guilhaumon, François; Meynard, Christine N.; Boyer, Séverine; Benestan, Laura; Mouquet, Nicolas; Douzery, Emmanuel; Aznar, Roland; Troussellier, Marc; Somot, Samuel; Leprieur, Fabien; Le Loc'H, François; Mouillot, David.
The FishMed database provides traits, phylogeny, current and projected species distribution of Mediterranean fishes, and associated sea surface temperature (SST) from the regional oceanic model NEMOMED8. Data for the current geographical distributions of 635 Mediterranean fish species were compiled from a published expert knowledge atlas of fishes of the northern Atlantic and the Mediterranean (FNAM) edited between 1984 and 1986 and from an updated exotic fish species list. Two future sets of projected species distributions were obtained for the middle and end of the 21st century by using an ensemble forecasting approach for 288 coastal Mediterranean fish species based on SST according to the IPPC/SRES A2 scenario implemented with the Mediterranean...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Coastal fishes; Functional diversity; Mediterranean fish species; Mediterranean Sea; NEMOMED8; Phylogenetic diversity; Species distribution models; Taxonomic diversity.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00371/48216/48341.pdf

Impacts of climate change on coastal benthic ecosystems: assessing the current risk of mortality outbreaks associated with thermal stress in NW Mediterranean coastal areas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Pairaud, Ivane; Bensoussan, Nathaniel; Garreau, Pierre; Faure, Vincent; Garrabou, Joaquim.
In the framework of climate change, the increase in ocean heat wave frequency is expected to impact marine life. Large-scale positive temperature anomalies already occurred in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea in 1999, 2003 and 2006. These anomalies were associated with mass mortality events of macrobenthic species in coastal areas (0–40 m in depth). The anomalies were particularly severe in 1999 and 2003 when thousands of kilometres of coasts and about 30 species were affected. The aim of this study was to develop a methodology to assess the current risk of mass mortality associated with temperature increase along NW Mediterranean continental coasts. A 3D regional ocean model was used to obtain the temperature conditions for the period 2001–2010, for...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Benthic communities; Ocean modelling; Model validation; Impact mapping.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00171/28210/27707.pdf

Global trends in surface ocean pCO(2) from in situ data
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Fay, A. R.; Mckinley, G. A.
Ocean carbon uptake substantially reduces the rate of anthropogenic carbon accumulation in the atmosphere and thus slows global climate change. In the interest of understanding how this ocean carbon sink has responded to climate variability and climate change in recent decades, trends in globally observed surface ocean partial pressure of CO2 (pCO(2)(s.ocean)) are evaluated over 16 gyre-scale biomes covering the globe. pCO(2)(s.ocean) trends have been of variable magnitude and sensitive to the chosen start and end years. On longer time frames, several regions of the tropics and subtropics display pCO(2)(s.ocean) trends that are parallel to or shallower than trends in atmospheric pCO(2), consistent with the ocean's long-term response to carbon accumulation...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Surface ocean pCO(2); Carbon trends.
Ano: 2013
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00253/36407/34946.pdf

An End-to-End Model Reveals Losers and Winners in a Warming Mediterranean Sea
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Moullec, Fabien; Barrier, Nicolas; Drira, Sabrine; Guilhaumon, François; Marsaleix, Patrick; Somot, Samuel; Ulses, Caroline; Velez, Laure; Shin, Yunne-jai.
The Mediterranean Sea is now recognized as a hotspot of global change, ranking among the fastest warming ocean regions. In order to project future plausible scenarios of marine biodiversity at the scale of the whole Mediterranean basin, the current challenge is to develop an explicit representation of the multispecies spatial dynamics under the combined influence of fishing pressure and climate change. Notwithstanding the advanced state-of-the-art modeling of food webs in the region, no previous studies have projected the consequences of climate change on marine ecosystems in an integrated way, considering changes in ocean dynamics, in phyto- and zoo-plankton productions, shifts in Mediterranean species distributions and their trophic interactions at the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity scenario; Climate change; Ecosystem model; End-to-end model; OSMOSE; Fishing; Mediterranean Sea.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00504/61557/65469.pdf

Contrasting tropical estuarine ecosystem functioning and stability: A comparative study
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Villanueva, Ching-maria.
A comparative study of the Sine-saloum (Senegal) and Gambia (The Gambia) estuaries was performed based on trophic model outputs that describe the system structure and functioning. These trophic models were constructed such as to differentiate main energetic flows in the systems and express how climate change may have impacted ecosystem resilience to change. Estuarine fish assemblages are highly resilient despite exposure to vast hydrodynamic variations and stress. Coupled with strong anthropogenic-driven stresses such as fisheries and climate change, ecosystems may undergo severe regime shifts that may weaken their resilience and stability. Taxonomically related and morphologically similar species do not necessarily play similar ecological roles in these...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Complex adaptative systems; Climate change; Food web models; Regime shifts; Ecosystem resilience; Trophic ecology.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00249/36034/34571.pdf

Solutions for ecosystem-level protection of ocean systems under climate change
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Queiros, Ana M.; Huebert, Klaus B.; Keyl, Friedemann; Fernandes, Jose A.; Stolte, Willem; Maar, Marie; Kay, Susan; Jones, Miranda C.; Hamon, Katell; Hendriksen, Gerrit; Vermard, Youen; Marchal, Paul; Teal, Lorna R.; Somerfield, Paul J.; Austen, Melanie C.; Barange, Manuel; Sell, Anne F.; Allen, Icarus; Peck, Myron A.
The Paris Conference of Parties (COP21) agreement renewed momentum for action against climate change, creating the space for solutions for conservation of the ocean addressing two of its largest threats: climate change and ocean acidification (CCOA). Recent arguments that ocean policies disregard a mature conservation research field and that protected areas cannot address climate change may be oversimplistic at this time when dynamic solutions for the management of changing oceans are needed. We propose a novel approach, based on spatial meta-analysis of climate impact models, to improve the positioning of marine protected areas to limit CCOA impacts. We do this by estimating the vulnerability of ocean ecosystems to CCOA in a spatially explicit manner and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Conservation; COP21; Ecosystem model; Habitat; Marine spatial planning; Ocean; Ocean acidification; Species distribution; Warming.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00360/47089/48566.pdf

Observed and projected Sea Surface Temperature seasonal changes in the Western English Channel from satellite data and CMIP5 multi-model ensemble.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: L'Heveder, Blandine; Speich, Sabrina; Ragueneau, Olivier; Gohin, Francis; Bryere, Philippe.
Seasonal Sea Surface Temperature (SST) changes in the Western English Channel have been estimated for the previous decades from high-resolution satellite data. Coastal seas, well separated from offshore waters by intense frontal structures, show colder SST by 1 to 2°C in summer. A significant warming trend is observed in the autumn season. This positive trend is stronger offshore, with an annual mean SST increase of 0.32°C/decade, but weaker in coastal waters (0.23°C/decade), where strong vertical mixing induced by tides and winds acts to reduce surface warming. The performance of an ensemble of CMIP5 climate model in simulating recent seasonal changes of SST in the region is estimated. The median of CMIP5 models reproduces very well the observed SST mean...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: SST; Climate change; Western English Channel; CMIP5; Regional study.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00350/46163/45861.pdf

Reliance of deep-sea benthic macrofauna on ice-derived organic matter highlighted by multiple trophic markers during spring in Baffin Bay, Canadian Arctic
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Yunda-guarin, Gustavo; Brown, Thomas A.; Michel, Loic; Saint-béat, Blanche; Amiraux, Rémi; Nozais, Christian; Archambault, Philippe.
Benthic organisms depend primarily on seasonal pulses of organic matter from primary producers. In the Arctic, declines in sea ice due to warming climate could lead to changes in this food supply with as yet unknown effects on benthic trophic dynamics. Benthic consumer diets and food web structure were studied in a seasonally ice-covered region of Baffin Bay during spring 2016 at stations ranging in depth from 199 to 2,111 m. We used a novel combination of highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) lipid biomarkers and stable isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N) to better understand the relationship between the availability of carbon sources in spring on the seafloor and their assimilation and transfer within the benthic food web. Organic carbon from sea ice (sympagic carbon...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Benthic food webs; Trophic markers; Sea-ice algae; Climate change; HBIs; Stable isotopes; Baffin Bay; Arctic Ocean.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00665/77749/79870.pdf

Suitable habitats of fish species in the Barents Sea
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Husson, Berengere; Certain, Gregoire; Filin, Anatoly; Planque, Benjamin.
Many marine species are shifting their distribution poleward in response to climate change. The Barents Sea, as a doorstep to the fast-warming Arctic, is experiencing large scale changes in its environment and its communities. This paper aims at understanding what environmental predictors limit fish species habitats in the Barents Sea and discuss their possible evolution in response to the warming of the Arctic. Species distribution models usually aim at predicting the probability of presence or the average abundance of a species, conditional on environmental drivers. A complementary approach is to determine suitable habitats by modelling the upper limit of a species’ response to environmental factors. Using quantile regressions, we model the upper limit...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Quantile regression; Habitat suitability models; Climate change; Species distribution; Species shifts; Environmental drivers.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00605/71682/70120.pdf

Two millennia of North Atlantic seasonality and implications for Norse colonies
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Patterson, William P.; Dietrich, Kristin A.; Holmden, Chris; Andrews, John T.
delta(18)O values of mollusks recovered from near-shore marine cores in northwest Iceland quantify significant variation in seasonal temperature over the period from similar to 360 B:C: to similar to A:D: 1660. Twenty-six aragonitic bivalve specimens were selected to represent intervals of climatic interest by using core sedimentological characteristics. Carbonate powder was sequentially micromilled from shell surfaces concordant with growth banding and analyzed for stable oxygen (delta(18)O) and carbon (delta(13)C) isotope values. Because delta(18)O values record subseasonal temperature variation over the lifetime of the bivalves, these data provide the first 2,000-year secular record of North Atlantic seasonality from ca. 360 cal yr B.C. to cal yr A.D....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Stable isotopes; Vikings; Micromilling.
Ano: 2010
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00231/34231/32834.pdf

Effets du changement climatique sur la distribution de la macrofaune benthique en Manche
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gaudin, François.
In the North-East Atlantic, the English Channel constitutes a biogeographical transition zone between the Boreal and Lusitanian provinces. Thus, many species reach there their distribution range limits. The aim of this thesis is to assess the effects of recent climate change on the distribution of the subtidal benthic macrofauna, poorly studied to date, basing on the comparison of data collected during a cool period (i.e. 1960s-70s) and during a warm period (i.e. 2012 and 2014) in the circalittoral coarse sediments. Two large communities were highlighted in the study of the structure of the assemblages found in this habitat: the gravelly coarse sand community and the pebbles and gravels community. The analysis of the evolution of seabed temperature for the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Macrofaune benthique; Changement climatique; Température de fond; Changements de distribution; Modèles de distribution d'espèces; Manche; Benthic macrofauna; Climate change; Seabed temperature.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00497/60916/64274.pdf

Acclimation of the marine diatom Pseudo‐nitzschia australis to different salinity conditions: effects on growth, photosynthetic activity and domoic acid content
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Ayache, Nour; Hervé, Fabienne; Lundholm, Nina; Amzil, Zouher; Caruana, Amandine.
oxic Pseudo‐nitzschia australis strains isolated from French coastal waters were studied to investigate their capacity to adapt to different salinities. Their acclimation to different salinity conditions (10, 20, 30, 35 and 40) was studied on growth, photosynthetic capacity, cell biovolume and domoic acid (DA) content. The strains showed ability to acclimate to a salinity range from 20 to 40, with optimal growth rates between salinities 30 and 40. The highest cell biovolume was observed at the lowest salinity 20 and was associated with the lowest growth rate. Salinity did not affect the photosynthetic activity; Fv/Fm values and the pigment contents remained high with no significant difference among salinities. An enhanced production of zeaxanthin was,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Acclimation; Climate change; Domoic acid; Pseudo-nitzschia australis; Physiology; Salinity.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00585/69684/67552.pdf

Climate hindcasts: exploring the disjunct distribution of     Diopatra biscayensis
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Wethey, David S.; Woodin, Sarah A.; Berke, Sarah K.; Dubois, Stanislas.
The ecosystem engineer onuphid polychaete Diopatra biscayensis has a continuous population in the Bay of Biscay from the Cantabria coast in Spain to southern Brittany in France. A group of disjunct populations also are found in the English Channel, separated from the Biscay population by more than 400 coastal kilometers. It remains unclear whether D. biscayensis is native to the Bay of Biscay; it is also debated whether the disjunct populations in the English Channel are relics of a formerly continuous population, or the product of recent introductions through aquaculture. Here, we use climate hindcasts to explore hypotheses about the D. biscayensis historical distribution in Europe. If D. biscayensis is native, its range would have been restricted to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Biogeography; Metapopulation; Diopatra; Historical projections.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00356/46711/46974.pdf

Hypoxia tolerance of common sole juveniles depends on dietary regime and temperature at the larval stage: evidence for environmental conditioning
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Zambonino, Jose-luis; Claireaux, Guy; Ernande, Bruno; Quazuguel, Patrick; Severe, Armelle; Huelvan, Christine; Mazurais, David.
An individual's environmental history may have delayed effects on its physiology and life history at later stages in life because of irreversible plastic responses of early ontogenesis to environmental conditions. We chose a marine fish, the common sole, as a model species to study these effects, because it inhabits shallow marine areas highly exposed to environmental changes. We tested whether temperature and trophic conditions experienced during the larval stage had delayed effects on life-history traits and resistance to hypoxia at the juvenile stage. We thus examined the combined effect of global warming and hypoxia in coastal waters, which are potential stressors to many estuarine and coastal marine fishes. Elevated temperature and better trophic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Fish; Environmental programming; Climate change; Hypoxia; Nutrition.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00127/23858/21810.pdf

Projected Effects of Climate-Induced Changes in Hydrodynamics on the Biogeochemistry of the Mediterranean Sea Under the RCP 8.5 Regional Climate Scenario
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Pagès, Rémi; Baklouti, Melika; Barrier, Nicolas; Ayache, Mohamed; Sevault, Florence; Somot, Samuel; Moutin, Thierry.
The Mediterranean region has been shown to be particularly exposed to climate change, with observed trends that are more pronounced than the global tendency. In forecast studies based on a RCP 8.5 scenario, there seems to be a consensus that, along with an increase in temperature and salinity over the next century, a reduction in the intensity of deep-water formation and a shallowing of the mixed layer [especially in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea (MS)] are expected. By contrast, only a few studies have investigated the effects of climate change on the biogeochemistry of the MS using a 3D physical/biogeochemical model. In this study, our aim was to explore the impact of the variations in hydrodynamic forcing induced by climate change on the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mediterranean Sea; Coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model; RCP scenario; Biogeochemistry; Climate change.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00659/77073/78385.pdf

Expressed sequence tags from heat-shocked seagrass Zostera noltii (Hornemann) from its southern distribution range
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Massa, Sonia I.; Pearson, Gareth A.; Aires, Tania; Kube, Michael; Olsen, Jeanine L.; Reinhardt, Richard; Serrao, Ester A.; Arnaud Haond, Sophie.
Predicted global climate change threatens the distributional ranges of species worldwide. We identified genes expressed in the intertidal seagrass Zostera midi during recovery from a simulated low tide heat-shock exposure. Five Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) libraries were compared, corresponding to four recovery times following sub-lethal temperature stress, and a non-stressed control. We sequenced and analyzed 7009 sequence reads from 30 min, 2 h, 4 h and 24 h after the beginning of the heat-shock (AHS), and 1585 from the control library, for a total of 8594 sequence reads. Among 51 Tentative UniGenes (TUGs) exhibiting significantly different expression between libraries, 19 (37.3%) were identified as 'molecular chaperones' and were over-expressed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: EST library; High temperature stress; Abiotic stress response; Climate change.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15559/13326.pdf

Couplage de modèles trophiques et effets combinés de la pêche et du climat
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Travers, Morgane.
Overfishing and climate change are now recognized to have important effects on marine ecosystem functioning but uncertainties remains about their combined effects. Using a modelling approach this thesis aims at assessing how the top-down effects of fishing and the bottom-up effects of climate combine themselves within the food web. A preliminary review highlighted the lack of end-to-end model applicable as it stands to our study case - the southern Benguela - and suitable to study the combined effects of fishing and climate. Coupling the plankton model ROMS-N2P2Z2D2 and the fish model OSMOSE appeared as an innovative method allowing to develop an appropriate tool meeting our objectives. The importance of two-way coupling via the predation process is first...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modèle end-to-end; Couplage de modèle; Réseau trophique; Sud- Benguela; Effets combinés; Changement climatique; Surexploitation; End-to-end model; Model coupling; Food web; Southern Benguela; Combined effects; Climate change; Overfishing.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00003/11445/7993.pdf

Spatial variation in stable isotopes and fatty acid trophic markers in albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga) from the western Indian Ocean
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Dhurmeea, Zahirah; Pethybridge, Heidi; Langlais, Clothilde; Somes, Christopher J.; Nikolic, Natacha; Bourjea, Jerome; Appadoo, Chandani; Bodin, Nathalie.
Albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga) is a highly economically important species in the western Indian Ocean. However, knowledge of its ecological and nutritional characteristics, essential for proper management of the species, is lacking in the region. The trophodynamics of the Indian Ocean albacore was thus examined using known fatty acid trophic markers (FATMs) of primary producers, nutritional condition indices (NCIs) (omega-3/omega-6 ratio and total fatty acid content (TFA)), and baseline and lipid corrected stable isotope of carbon (δ13Ccorr) and nitrogen (δ15Ncorr), measured in the muscle tissue. We applied generalized additive mixed models to understand the spatiotemporal patterns and drivers of these tracers, taking into consideration several intrinsic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Trophodynamics; Phytoplankton; Environmental parameters; Climate change.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00623/73497/72787.pdf

The Contribution of Wind-Generated Waves to Coastal Sea-Level Changes
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Dodet, Guillaume; Melet, Angélique; Ardhuin, Fabrice; Bertin, Xavier; Idier, Déborah; Almar, Rafael.
Surface gravity waves generated by winds are ubiquitous on our oceans and play a primordial role in the dynamics of the ocean–land–atmosphere interfaces. In particular, wind-generated waves cause fluctuations of the sea level at the coast over timescales from a few seconds (individual wave runup) to a few hours (wave-induced setup). These wave-induced processes are of major importance for coastal management as they add up to tides and atmospheric surges during storm events and enhance coastal flooding and erosion. Changes in the atmospheric circulation associated with natural climate cycles or caused by increasing greenhouse gas emissions affect the wave conditions worldwide, which may drive significant changes in the wave-induced coastal hydrodynamics....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Wind waves; Sea level; Coastal zone; Climate change.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00509/62046/66721.pdf

Sea Level and Climate
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Harff, Jan; Flemming, Nicholas C; Groh, Andreas; Hunicke, Birgit; Lericolais, Gilles; Meschede, Martin; Rosentau, Alar; Sakellariou, Dimitris; Uscinowicz, Szymon; Zhang, Wenyan; Zorita, Eduardo.
This chapter gives an overview of the environmental changes to the European shelf and its marginal seas during the Late Pleistocene to the Middle Holocene. It first explains the regional tectonics of Europe. The age of the consolidation of the basement together with the plate tectonic setting serves as the main parameters determining coastal formation. Next, the chapter reviews the fluctuation of glacial and interglacial stadia as an effect of orbital parameters of the Earth around the Sun. In addition, it examines eustatic change during the Last Glacial Cycle (LGC). The chapter also describes the development of the Baltic Sea, the North Sea and the Atlantic shelf, based on numerical sea-level scenarios constrained by observational data. Finally, it...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Baltic Sea; Climate change; Coastal formation; Environmental changes; European continental shelf; Eustatic change; Late Pleistocene; Middle Holocene; Sea level.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00391/50263/51051.pdf

Mare Incognitum: A Glimpse into Future Plankton Diversity and Ecology Research
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Chust, Guillem; Vogt, Meike; Benedetti, Fabio; Nakov, Teofil; Villeger, Sebastien; Aubert, Anais; Vallina, Sergio M.; Righetti, Damiano; Not, Fabrice; Biard, Tristan; Bittner, Lucie; Benoiston, Anne-sophie; Guidi, Lionel; Villarino, Ernesto; Gaborit, Charlie; Cornils, Astrid; Buttay, Lucie; Irisson, Jean-olivier; Chiarello, Marlene; Vallim, Alessandra L.; Blanco-bercial, Leocadio; Basconi, Laura; Guilhaumon, Francois; Ayata, Sakina-dorothee.
With global climate change altering marine ecosystems, research on plankton ecology is likely to navigate uncharted seas. Yet, a staggering wealth of new plankton observations, integrated with recent advances in marine ecosystem modeling, may shed light on marine ecosystem structure and functioning. A EuroMarine foresight workshop on the “Impact of climate change on the distribution of plankton functional and phylogenetic diversity” (PlankDiv) identified five grand challenges for future plankton diversity and macroecology research: (1) What can we learn about plankton communities from the new wealth of high-throughput “omics” data? (2) What is the link between plankton diversity and ecosystem function? (3) How can species distribution models be adapted to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Plankton; Macroecology; Species distribution; Functional diversity; Climate change; Habitat modeling.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00625/73739/74755.pdf

Impact of climatic and anthropogenic changes on living resources in the Bay of Biscaye
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe.
Fisheries and aquaculture are of major importance to the coastal communities throughout the Bay of Biscaye. Almost half of French fishermen rely on catches from the Bay which achieve and estimated first sale value of more than €525m annually. Moreover, emblematic species such as eels have an additional economic as weil as social value for coastal communities. Similarly, the main French shellfish rearing areas are located within the Bay of Biscaye. They contribute predominantly to the yearly spat (mussel &amp; oyster) recruitment, used to sustain the entire French shellfish industry. These activities have a direct impact on ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. Meanwhile, drastic environmental changes have been reported over the last 30 years, including a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Solea solea; Living resources; Ecosystem; Biodiversity; Impacts; Climate change.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/acte-3488.pdf

Is the meiofauna a good indicator for climate change and anthropogenic impacts?
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Zeppilli, Daniela; Sarrazin, Jozee; Leduc, Daniel; Arbizu, Pedro Martinez; Fontaneto, Diego; Fontanier, Christophe; Gooday, Andrew J.; Kristensen, Reinhardt Mobjerg; Ivanenko, Viatcheslav N.; Sorensen, Martin V.; Vanreusel, Ann; Thebault, Julien; Mea, Marianna; Allio, Noemie; Andro, Thomas; Arvigo, Alexandre; Castrec, Justine; Danielo, Morgan; Foulon, Valentin; Fumeron, Raphaelle; Hermabessiere, Ludovic; Hulot, Vivien; James, Tristan; Langonne-augen, Roxanne; Le Bot, Tangi; Long, Marc; Mahabror, Dendy; Morel, Quentin; Pantalos, Michael; Pouplard, Etienne; Raimondeau, Laura; Rio-cabello, Antoine; Seite, Sarah; Traisnel, Gwendoline; Urvoy, Kevin; Van Der Stegen, Thomas; Weyand, Mariam; Fernandes, David.
Our planet is changing, and one of the most pressing challenges facing the scientific community revolves around understanding how ecological communities respond to global changes. From coastal to deep-sea ecosystems, ecologists are exploring new areas of research to find model organisms that help predict the future of life on our planet. Among the different categories of organisms, meiofauna offer several advantages for the study of marine benthic ecosystems. This paper reviews the advances in the study of meiofauna with regard to climate change and anthropogenic impacts. Four taxonomic groups are valuable for predicting global changes: foraminifers (especially calcareous forms), nematodes, copepods and ostracods. Environmental variables are fundamental in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Meiofauna; Climate change; Anthropogenic impacts; Biomonitoring; Natural observations and experimental studies.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00278/38938/37521.pdf

Evidence for a differential sea level rise between hemispheres over the twentieth century
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Woeppelmann, Guy; Marcos, Marta; Santamaria-gomez, Alvaro; Martin-miguez, Belen; Bouin, Marie-noelle; Gravelle, Mederic.
Tide gauge records are the primary source of sea level information over multidecadal to century timescales. A critical issue in using this type of data to determine global climate-related contributions to sea level change concerns the vertical motion of the land upon which the gauges are grounded. Here we use observations from the Global Positioning System for the correction of this vertical land motion. As a result, the spatial coherence in the rates of sea level change during the twentieth century is highlighted at the local and the regional scales, ultimately revealing a clearly distinct behavior between the Northern and the Southern Hemispheres with values of 2.0mm/yr and 1.1mm/yr, respectively. Our findings challenge the widely accepted value of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sea level; Climate change; Land motion; Geodesy; Tide gauge; GPS.
Ano: 2014
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00489/60025/63282.pdf

Sensitivity of marine systems to climate and fishing: Concepts, issues and management responses
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Perry, R. Ian; Cury, Philippe; Brander, Keith; Jennings, Simon; Moellmann, Christian; Planque, Benjamin.
Modern fisheries research and management must understand and take account of the interactions between climate and fishing, rather than try to disentangle their effects and address each separately. These interactions are significant drivers of change in exploited marine systems and have ramifications for ecosystems and those who depend on the services they provide. We discuss how fishing and climate forcing interact on individual fish, marine populations, marine communities, and ecosystems to bring these levels into states that are more sensitive to (i.e. more strongly related with) climate forcing. Fishing is unlikely to alter the sensitivities of individual finfish and invertebrates to climate forcing. It will remove individuals with specific...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate variability; Climate change; Communities; Ecosystems; Fisheries management; Fishing; Populations.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/11141/9343.pdf

Differing marine animal biomass shifts under 21st century climate change between Canada’s three oceans
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bryndum-buchholz, Andrea; Prentice, Faelan; Tittensor, Derek P.; Blanchard, Julia L.; Cheung, William W.l.; Christensen, Villy; Galbraith, Eric D.; Maury, Olivier; Lotze, Heike K.; Favaro, Brett.
Under climate change, species composition and abundances in high-latitude waters are expected to substantially reconfigure with consequences for trophic relationships and ecosystem services. Outcomes are challenging to project at national scales, despite their importance for management decisions. Using an ensemble of six global marine ecosystem models we analyzed marine ecosystem responses to climate change from 1971 to 2099 in Canada’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) under four standardized emissions scenarios. By 2099, under business-as-usual emissions (RCP8.5) projected marine animal biomass declined by an average of −7.7% (±29.5%) within the Canadian EEZ, dominated by declines in the Pacific (−24% ± 24.5%) and Atlantic (−25.5% ± 9.5%) areas; these were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Ensemble modeling; Marine ecosystem models; Canada Exclusive Economic Zone; Fish-MIP; Projection uncertainty.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00613/72464/71425.pdf

Collaborative Database to Track Mass Mortality Events in the Mediterranean Sea
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Garrabou, Joaquim; Gómez-gras, Daniel; Ledoux, Jean-baptiste; Linares, Cristina; Bensoussan, Nathaniel; López-sendino, Paula; Bazairi, Hocein; Espinosa, Free; Ramdani, Mohamed; Grimes, Samir; Benabdi, Mouloud; Souissi, Jamila Ben; Soufi, Emna; Khamassi, Faten; Ghanem, Raouia; Ocaña, Oscar; Ramos-esplà, Alfonso; Izquierdo, Andres; Anton, Irene; Rubio-portillo, Esther; Barbera, Carmen; Cebrian, Emma; Marbà, Nuria; Hendriks, Iris E.; Duarte, Carlos M.; Deudero, Salud; Díaz, David; Vázquez-luis, Maite; Alvarez, Elvira; Hereu, Bernat; Kersting, Diego K.; Gori, Andrea; Viladrich, Núria; Sartoretto, Stephane; Pairaud, Ivane; Ruitton, Sandrine; Pergent, Gérard; Pergent-martini, Christine; Rouanet, Elodie; Teixidó, Nuria; Gattuso, Jean-pierre; Fraschetti, Simonetta; Rivetti, Irene; Azzurro, Ernesto; Cerrano, Carlo; Ponti, Massimo; Turicchia, Eva; Bavestrello, Giorgio; Cattaneo-vietti, Riccardo; Bo, Marzia; Bertolino, Marco; Montefalcone, Monica; Chimienti, Giovanni; Grech, Daniele; Rilov, Gil; Tuney Kizilkaya, Inci; Kizilkaya, Zafer; Eda Topçu, Nur; Gerovasileiou, Vasilis; Sini, Maria; Bakran-petricioli, Tatjana; Kipson, Silvija; Harmelin, Jean G.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Ocean warming; Marine heat wave impacts; Marine disease; Marine conservation and protection.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00592/70448/68557.pdf

Importance of spatio–temporal connectivity to maintain species experiencing range shifts
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Huang, Jun‐long; Andrello, Marco; Camargo Martensen, Alexandre; Saura, Santiago; Liu, Dian‐feng; He, Jian‐hua; Fortin, Marie‐josée.
limate change can affect the habitat resources available to species by changing habitat quantity, suitability and spatial configuration, which largely determine population persistence in the landscape. In this context, dispersal is a central process for species to track their niche. Assessments of the amount of reachable habitat (ARH) using static snap‐shots do not account, however, for the temporal overlap of habitat patches that may enhance stepping‐stone effects. Here, we quantified the impacts of climate change on the ARH using a spatio–temporal connectivity model. We first explored the importance of spatio–temporal connectivity relative to purely spatial connectivity in a changing climate by generating virtual species distributions and analyzed the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Dynamic network model; Landscape connectivity; Ontario; Species distribution.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00603/71465/69918.pdf

Foraminiferal oxygen isotope stratigraphy and high-resolution organic carbon, carbonate records from the Okinawa Trough - (IMAGES MD012404 and ODP site 1202)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Chang, Yp; Wu, Sm; Wei, Ky; Murayama, M; Kawahata, H; Chen, Mt.
Biogenic carbonate and organic carbon content of two deep sea cores (MD012404 and ODP site 1202) are measured to reconstruct surface ocean productivity variations in areas of the Okinawa Trough in the Western Pacific where the modern climate is highly sensitive to the East Asian monsoon and precipitation/river runoff. Based on foraminiferal isotope stratigraphy and AMS C-14 dating, the age models of the cores indicate that core MD012404 shows relatively low sedimentation rates with 50 cm ky(-1) on average, and that the sedimentation rates in core ODP 1202 are extremely high with an average of 500 cm ky(-1). Total organic carbon (TOC) and carbonate contents in core ODP 1202 are 0.56% and 6.80% on average, respectively, and are 0.62% and 15.86%,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: IMAGES; ODP; Total organic carbon; Calcium carbonate; Okinawa Trough; Paleoceanography; Climate change; East Asian monsoon.
Ano: 2005
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00229/34064/32627.pdf

Climate change projections using the IPSL-CM5 Earth System Model: from CMIP3 to CMIP5
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Dufresne, J-l.; Foujols, M-a.; Denvil, S.; Caubel, A.; Marti, O.; Aumont, Olivier; Balkanski, Y.; Bekki, S.; Bellenger, H.; Benshila, R.; Bony, S.; Bopp, L.; Braconnot, P.; Brockmann, P.; Cadule, P.; Cheruy, F.; Codron, F.; Cozic, A; Cugnet, D.; De Noblet, N.; Duvel, J-p.; Ethe,; Fairhead, L.; Fichefet, T.; Flavoni, S.; Friedlingstein, P.; Grandpeix, J-y.; Guez, L.; Guilyardi, E.; Hauglustaine, D.; Hourdin, F.; Idelkadi, A.; Ghattas, J.; Joussaume, S.; Kageyama, M.; Krinner, G.; Labetoulle, S.; Lahellec, A.; Lefebvre, M; Lefevre, F.; Levy, C.; Li, Zhanbin; Lloyd, J.; Lott, F.; Madec, G.; Mancip, M.; Marchand, M; Masson, S.; Meurdesoif, Y.; Mignot, J.; Musat, I.; Parouty, S.; Polcher, J.; Rio, C; Schulz, M.; Swingedouw, D.; Szopa, S.; Talandier, Claude; Terray, P.; Viovy, N.; Vuichard, N.
We present the global general circulation model IPSL-CM5 developed to study the long-term response of the climate system to natural and anthropogenic forcings as part of the 5th Phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). This model includes an interactive carbon cycle, a representation of tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry, and a comprehensive representation of aerosols. As it represents the principal dynamical, physical, and bio-geochemical processes relevant to the climate system, it may be referred to as an Earth System Model. However, the IPSL-CM5 model may be used in a multitude of configurations associated with different boundary conditions and with a range of complexities in terms of processes and interactions. This paper...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate; Climate change; Climate projections; Earth System Model; CMIP5; CMIP3; Greenhouse gases; Aerosols; Carbon cycle; Allowable emissions; RCP scenarios; Land use changes.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00138/24966/23079.pdf

Long term synchronous trends in the recruitment of the North Eastern Atlantic fish populations related to climate change and exploitation.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Brunel, Thomas; Boucher, Jean.
Synchrony in population fluctuations have commonly been observed among a variety of species. They are generally attributed to the effect of common environmental forcings on population dynamics. Here, we investigate long term synchrony in the recruitment variations of the North East Atlantic fish populations. A PCA (principal component analysis) was performed to extract the main patterns of variation. The most significant one reflects the synchronous decrease of the recruitment for the majority of gadoids populations, in the Baltic Sea, Kattegat, North Sea, Irish Sea and West of Scotland. The inverse pattern was observed for half of the herring populations. Plaice populations also exhibit synchronous recruitment trends, characterised by strong year classes...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Synchrony; Regime shift; Recruitment variations; North Eastern Atlantic; Climate change.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-1145.pdf

Climate change may have minor impact on zooplankton functional diversity in the Mediterranean Sea
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Benedetti, Fabio; Ayata, Sakina-dorothee; Irisson, Jean-olivier; Adloff, Fanny; Guilhaumon, Francois.
Aim To assess the impact of climate change on the functional diversity of marine zooplankton communities. Location The Mediterranean Sea. Methods We used the functional traits and geographic distributions of 106 copepod species to estimate the zooplankton functional diversity of Mediterranean surface assemblages for the 1965-1994 and 2069-2098 periods. Multiple environmental niche models were trained at the global scale to project the species habitat suitability in the Mediterranean Sea and assess their sensitivity to climate change predicted by several scenarios. Simultaneously, the species traits were used to compute a functional dendrogram from which we identified seven functional groups and estimated functional diversity through Faith's index. We...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Functional diversity; Mediterranean Sea; Niche modelling; Null model; Zooplankton.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00490/60118/63460.pdf

Detecting the anthropogenic influences on recent changes in ocean carbon uptake
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Seferian, Roland; Ribes, Aurelien; Bopp, Laurent.
Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have modified the rate at which oceans have absorbed atmospheric CO2 over the last centuries through rising atmospheric CO2 and modifications in climate. However, there are still missing pieces in our understanding of the recent evolution of air-sea CO2 exchanges related to the magnitude of their response to anthropogenic forcings versus that controlled by the internal variability. Here, to detect and attribute anthropogenic influences on oceanic CO2 uptake between 1960 and 2005, we compare an ensemble of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) climate model simulations forced by individual drivers to ocean-only model reconstructions. We demonstrate that the evolution of the global oceanic carbon sink...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Detection and attribution; Ocean carbon uptake; Internal variability; Climate change.
Ano: 2014
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00292/40346/38916.pdf

Uncertainties in projecting climate-change impacts in marine ecosystems
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Payne, Mark R.; Barange, Manuel; Cheung, William W. L.; Mackenzie, Brian R.; Batchelder, Harold P.; Cormon, Xochitl; Eddy, Tyler D.; Fernandes, Jose A.; Hollowed, Anne B.; Jones, Miranda C.; Link, Jason S.; Neubauer, Philipp; Ortiz, Ivonne; Queirós, Ana M.; Paula, José Ricardo.
Projections of the impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems are a key prerequisite for the planning of adaptation strategies, yet they are inevitably associated with uncertainty. Identifying, quantifying, and communicating this uncertainty is key to both evaluating the risk associated with a projection and building confidence in its robustness. We review how uncertainties in such projections are handled in marine science. We employ an approach developed in climate modelling by breaking uncertainty down into (i) structural (model) uncertainty, (ii) initialization and internal variability uncertainty, (iii) parametric uncertainty, and (iv) scenario uncertainty. For each uncertainty type, we then examine the current state-of-the-art in assessing and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Initialization uncertainty; Parametric uncertainty; Projections; Scenario uncertainty; Structural uncertainty; Uncertainty.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00301/41220/40392.pdf

Teleconnected ocean forcing of Western North American droughts and pluvials during the last millennium
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Routson, Cody C.; Woodhouse, Connie A.; Overpeck, Jonathan T.; Betancourt, Julio L.; Mckay, Nicholas P.
Western North America (WNA) is rich in hydroclimate reconstructions, yet questions remain about the causes of decadal-to-multidecadal hydroclimate variability. Teleconnection patterns preserved in annually-resolved tree-ring reconstructed drought maps, and anomalies in a global network of proxy sea surface temperature (SST) reconstructions, were used to reassess the evidence linking ocean forcing to WNA hydroclimate variability over the past millennium. Potential forcing mechanisms of the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and individual drought and pluvial events including two multidecadal-length MCA pluvials were evaluated. We show strong teleconnection patterns occurred during the driest (wettest) years within persistent droughts (pluvials), implicating...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Western North America; Drought; Pluvial; Synthesis; Climate change; Multi-proxy.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00496/60719/65283.pdf

Sea-level rise impacts on the tides of the European Shelf
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Idier, Deborah; Paris, Francois; Le Cozannet, Goneri; Boulahya, Faiza; Dumas, Franck.
Sea-level rise (SLR) can modify not only total water levels, but also tidal dynamics. Several studies have investigated the effects of SLR on the tides of the western European continental shelf (mainly the M2 component). We further investigate this issue using a modelling-based approach, considering uniform SLR scenarios from −0.25 m to +10 m above present-day sea level. Assuming that coastal defenses are constructed along present-day shorelines, the patterns of change in high tide levels (annual maximum water level) are spatially similar, regardless of the magnitude of sea-level rise (i.e., the sign of the change remains the same, regardless of the SLR scenario) over most of the area (70%). Notable increases in high tide levels occur especially in the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Tide; Sea-level rise; Tidal component; Climate change; European Shelf; Resonance.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00367/47859/47842.pdf

The role of models in assessing the impact of sewage overflows on feacal water contamination
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Riou, Philippe; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Dumas, Franck; Le Guyader, Soizick; Le Goff, R.; Maheux, Frank; Lamort, Laure; Pommepuy, Monique.
Climate change contributes to local weather modifications such as storm events and heavy rainfall, and in particular, changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme storm and rainfall events. Observations have indicated that rainfall-runoff processes, like sewage overflow may induce fecal contamination in coastal water. Pathogens present in runoff water could therefore contaminate shellfish and be responsible for food-borne disease outbreaks. Mathematical models for this were used to predict the effect of climate modifications on shellfish quality. Using a hydrodynamic model, simulations of water quality conditions under a variety of storm event scenarios were run and are presented here for a harvesting area in France. Major storm events occurring in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modeling; Seawater fecal contamination; E. coli; Virus; Shellfish; Climate change.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17739/15261.pdf

Physiological basis of interactive responses to temperature and salinity in coastal marine invertebrate: Implications for responses to warming
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Torres, Gabriela; Charmantier, Guy; Wilcockson, David; Harzsch, Steffen; Giménez, Luis.
Developing physiological mechanistic models to predict species’ responses to climate‐driven environmental variables remains a key endeavor in ecology. Such approaches are challenging, because they require linking physiological processes with fitness and contraction or expansion in species’ distributions. We explore those links for coastal marine species, occurring in regions of freshwater influence (ROFIs) and exposed to changes in temperature and salinity. First, we evaluated the effect of temperature on hemolymph osmolality and on the expression of genes relevant for osmoregulation in larvae of the shore crab Carcinus maenas. We then discuss and develop a hypothetical model linking osmoregulation, fitness, and species expansion/contraction toward or away...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carcinus maenas; Climate change; Coastal zone; Larva; MRNA expression; Multiple stressors; Osmoregulation; Salinity; Temperature.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00692/80408/83516.pdf

Intraspecific individual variation of temperature tolerance associated with oxygen demand in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Ozolina, Karlina; Shiels, Holly A.; Ollivier, Helene; Claireaux, Guy.
The European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) is an economically important fish native to the Mediterranean and Northern Atlantic. Its complex life cycle involves many migrations through temperature gradients that affect the energetic demands of swimming. Previous studies have shown large intraspecific variation in swimming performance and temperature tolerance, which could include deleterious and advantageous traits under the evolutionary pressure of climate change. However, little is known of the underlying determinants of this individual variation. We investigated individual variation in temperature tolerance in 30 sea bass by exposing them to a warm temperature challenge test. The eight most temperature-tolerant and eight most temperature-sensitive fish...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aerobic scope; Climate change; Fish; Heart; Individual variability; Swimming.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00337/44827/44369.pdf

Modeling of degraded reefs in Leyte Gulf, Philippines in the face of climate change and human-induced disturbances
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Tan, Barron Cedric; Anticamara, Jonathan; Villanueva, Ching-maria.
Philippine reefs are mega-diverse but, to date, few ecosystem models have been developed to understand their dynamics and functioning. This study assessed the status of reefs in 12 municipalities of Leyte Gulf, Philippines. It is an important fishing ground experiencing degradation and impacts of super-typhoons—the strongest one was Haiyan (local name: Yolanda). Empirical and literature data were used to develop Ecopath (trophic) models and Ecosim simulations to evaluate the impacts of reduction and increase in productivity on the Leyte Gulf Reef (LGR) ecosystem. Results showed that the LGR’s ecosystem is in a degraded state—dominated by small-medium herbivores and carnivores, with most productivity immediately returned to detritus. In addition, a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Conservation; Climate change; Ecological modeling; Fisheries; Philippine reefs.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00390/50180/50801.pdf

Research Priorities for Achieving Healthy Marine Ecosystems and Human Communities in a Changing Climate
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Friedman, Whitney R.; Halpern, Benjamin S.; Mcleod, Elizabeth; Beck, Michael W.; Duarte, Carlos M.; Kappel, Carrie, V; Levine, Arielle; Sluka, Robert D.; Adler, Steven; O'Hara, Casey C.; Sterling, Eleanor J.; Tapia-lewin, Sebastian; Losada, Inigo J.; Mcclanahan, Tim R.; Pendleton, Linwood; Spring, Margaret; Toomey, James P.; Weiss, Kenneth R.; Possingham, Hugh P.; Montambault, Jensen R.
The health of coastal human communities and marine ecosystems are at risk from a host of anthropogenic stressors, in particular, climate change. Because ecological health and human well-being are inextricably connected, effective and positive responses to current risks require multidisciplinary solutions. Yet, the complexity of coupled social-ecological systems has left many potential solutions unidentified or insufficiently explored. The urgent need to achieve positive social and ecological outcomes across local and global scales necessitates rapid and targeted multidisciplinary research to identify solutions that have the greatest chance of promoting benefits for both people and nature. To address these challenges, we conducted a forecasting exercise...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine sustainability; Human health; Social equity; Climate change; Priority research; Sustainable development goals.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00607/71926/70618.pdf

Projected impacts of warming seas on commercially fished species at a biogeographic boundary of the European continental shelf
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Maltby, Katherine M.; Rutterford, Louise A.; Tinker, Jonathan; Genner, Martin J.; Simpson, Stephen D.; Punt, Andre.
Projecting the future effects of climate change on marine fished populations can help prepare the fishing industry and management systems for resulting ecological, social and economic changes. Generating projections using multiple climate scenarios can provide valuable insights for fisheries stakeholders regarding uncertainty arising from future climate data. Using a range of climate projections based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change A1B, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios, we modelled abundance of eight commercially important bottom dwelling fish species across the Celtic Sea, English Channel and southern North Sea through the 21st century. This region spans a faunal boundary between cooler northern waters and warmer southern waters,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Celtic Sea; Climate change; English Channel; Fish; Fisheries; North Sea; Regional projections; Uncertainty.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00643/75490/76341.pdf

Projected Centennial Oxygen Trends and Their Attribution to Distinct Ocean Climate Forcings
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Takano, Yohei; Ito, Takamitsu; Deutsch, Curtis.
We explore centennial changes in tropical Pacific oxygen (O-2) using numerical models to illustrate the dominant patterns and mechanisms under centennial climate change. Future projections from state-of-the-art Earth System Models exhibit significant model to model differences, but decreased solubility and weakened ventilation together deplete thermocline O-2 in middle to high latitudes. In contrast, the tropical thermocline O-2 undergoes much smaller changes or even a slight increase. A suite of sensitivity experiments using a coarse resolution ocean circulation and biogeochemistry model show that ocean warming is the leading cause of global deoxygenation in the thermocline across all latitudes with secondary contributions from changes in hydrological...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oxygen trends; Climate change; Centennial timescale.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78682/80883.pdf

In modelling effects of global warming, invalid assumptions lead to unrealistic projections
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Lefevre, Sjannie; Mckenzie, David J.; Nilsson, Goeran E.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Fish; Growth; Metabolism; Modelling; Oxygen uptake; Scaling; Warming.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00426/53762/54697.pdf

Long-term sea surface temperature and climate change in the Australian-New Zealand region
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Barrows, Timothy T.; Juggins, Steve; De Deckker, Patrick; Calvo, Eva; Pelejero, Carles.
We compile and compare data for the last 150,000 years from four deep-sea cores in the midlatitude zone of the Southern Hemisphere. We recalculate sea surface temperature estimates derived from foraminifera and compare these with estimates derived from alkenones and magnesium/calcium ratios in foraminiferal carbonate and with accompanying sedimentological and pollen records on a common absolute timescale. Using a stack of the highest-resolution records, we find that first-order climate change occurs in concert with changes in insolation in the Northern Hemisphere. Glacier extent and inferred vegetation changes in Australia and New Zealand vary in tandem with sea surface temperatures, signifying close links between oceanic and terrestrial temperature. In...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sea surface temperature; Climate change; Australia–New Zealand.
Ano: 2007
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00238/34941/33245.pdf

Perspectives on present-day sea level change: a tribute to Christian le Provost
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Lombard, Alix; Cazenave, Anny; Le Traon, Pierre-yves; Guinehut, Stephanie; Cabanes, Cecile.
In this paper, we first discuss the controversial result of the work by Cabanes et al. (Science 294:840-842, 2001), who suggested that the rate of past century sea level rise may have been overestimated, considering the limited and heterogeneous location of historical tide gauges and the high regional variability of thermal expansion which was supposed to dominate the observed sea level. If correct, this conclusion would have solved the problem raised by the IPCC third assessment report [Church et al, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 881, 2001], namely, the factor two difference between the 20th century observed sea level rise and the computed climatic contributions. However, recent investigations based on new ocean temperature data sets indicate...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ocean warming; Climate change; Thermal expansion; Sea level.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-2201.pdf

The oceans are changing: impact of ocean warming and acidification on biofouling communities
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Dobretsov, Sergey; Coutinho, Ricardo; Rittschof, Daniel; Salta, Maria; Ragazzola, Federica; Hellio, Claire.
Climate change (CC) is driving modification of the chemical and physical properties of estuaries and oceans with profound consequences for species and ecosystems. Numerous studies investigate CC effects from species to ecosystem levels, but little is known of the impacts on biofilm communities and on bioactive molecules such as cues, adhesives and enzymes. CC is induced by anthropogenic activity increasing greenhouse emissions leading to rises in air and water temperatures, ocean acidification, sea level rise and changes in ocean gyres and rainfall patterns. These environmental changes are resulting in alterations within marine communities and changes in species ranges and composition. This review provides insights and synthesis of knowledge about the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biofilm; Biofouling; Bioactive compounds; Climate change.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61686/65641.pdf

Conceptual advances on global scale assessments of vulnerability: Informing investments for coastal populations at risk of climate change
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Comte, Adrien; Pendleton, Linwood H.; Bailly, Denis; Quillerou, Emmanuelle.
Since the 1990s, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has used global assessments of vulnerability to inform investment and action against the effects of climate change. Beyond the IPCC, others have undertaken global assessments to understand the vulnerability of coastal areas to climate change. Eight global vulnerability assessments are compared to understand similarities and differences in their results and the metrics used to construct a vulnerability index. Variations in objectives, conceptualizations of vulnerability, operationalization of the concepts, scope and depth of data drawn upon lead to contradictory rankings of priority areas for climate action between assessments. The increased complexity and scope of indicators make it...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Vulnerability; Marine and coastal areas; Prioritizing investments; Global assessments; Conceptual frameworks.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00467/57899/60360.pdf

The collapse and recovery potential of carbon sequestration by baleen whales in the Southern Ocean
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Durfort, Anaelle; Mariani, Gael; Troussellier, Marc; Tulloch, Vivitskaia; Mouillot, David.
Limiting climate warming below 2°C requires both reducing anthropic greenhouse gas emissions and sequestering more atmospheric carbon. Natural Climate Solutions (NCS) rely on the ability of ecosystems to capture and store carbon. Despite the important role of marine megafauna on the ocean carbon cycle, its potential as a NCS has not yet been explored. Here, we quantify the amount of carbon potentially sequestered by five baleen whale species across the Southern Hemisphere between 1890 and 2100 through both the sinking of carcasses after natural death and the fertilisation of phytoplankton by nutrients in faeces. At their pre-exploitation abundances, the five whales could sequester 10.6 106 tonnes of carbon per year (tC.yr-1) but this natural carbon sink...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Natural Climate Solutions; Climate change; Population dynamics; Modelling; Krill.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00682/79434/82038.pdf

European small pelagic fish distribution under global change scenarios
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Schickele, Alexandre; Goberville, Eric; Leroy, Boris; Beaugrand, Gregory; Hattab, Tarek; Francour, Patrice; Raybaud, Virginie.
The spectre of increasing impacts on exploited fish stocks in consequence of warmer climate conditions has become a major concern over the last decades. It is now imperative to improve the way we project the effects of future climate warming on fisheries. While estimating future climate‐induced changes in fish distribution is an important contribution to sustainable resource management, the impacts on European small pelagic fish—representing over 50% of the landings in the Mediterranean and Black Sea between 2000 and 2013—are yet largely understudied. Here, we investigated potential changes in the spatial distribution of seven of the most harvested small pelagic fish species in Europe under several climate change scenarios over the 21st century. For each...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Ecological niche; Exclusive economic zone; Range shift; Species distribution models; Uncertainties.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00656/76801/77966.pdf

Aerobic capacities and swimming performance of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) under ocean acidification and warming conditions
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Kunz, Kristina Lore; Claireaux, Guy; Poertner, Hans-otto; Knust, Rainer; Mark, Felix Christopher.
Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) is an important prey species in the Arctic ecosystem, yet its habitat is changing rapidly: climate change, through rising seawater temperatures and CO2 concentrations, is projected to be most pronounced in Arctic waters. This study aimed to investigate the influence of ocean acidification and warming on maximum performance parameters of B. saida as indicators for the species' acclimation capacities under environmental conditions projected for the end of this century. After 4 months at four acclimation temperatures (0, 3, 6, 8 degrees C) each combined with two P-CO2 levels (390 and 1170 mu atm), aerobic capacities and swimming performance of B. saida were recorded following a U-crit protocol. At both CO2 levels, standard...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Gadids; Arctic cod; Hypercapnia; RCP8.5; Aerobic scope.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00470/58121/60547.pdf

Responses in Arctic marine carbon cycle processes: conceptual scenarios and implications for ecosystem function
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Findlay, Helen S.; Gibson, Georgina; Kedra, Monika; Morata, Nathalie; Orchowska, Monika; Pavlov, Alexey K.; Reigstad, Marit; Silyakova, Anna; Tremblay, Jean-eric; Walczowski, Waldemar; Weydmann, Agata; Logvinova, Christie.
The Arctic Ocean is one of the fastest changing oceans, plays an important role in global carbon cycling and yet is a particularly challenging ocean to study. Hence, observations tend to be relatively sparse in both space and time. How the Arctic functions, geophysically, but also ecologically, can have significant consequences for the internal cycling of carbon, and subsequently influence carbon export, atmospheric CO2 uptake and food chain productivity. Here we assess the major carbon pools and associated processes, specifically summarizing the current knowledge of each of these processes in terms of data availability and ranges of rates and values for four geophysical Arctic Ocean domains originally described by Carmack &amp; Wassmann (2006): inflow...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sea ice; Climate change; Ecosystem function; Carbon cycling.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00617/72889/71907.pdf

HSP70 from the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri: molecular characterization and expression in response to heat stress
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gonzalez-aravena, Marcelo; Calfio, Camila; Mercado, Luis; Morales-lange, Byron; Bethke, Jorn; De Lorgeril, Julien; Cardenas, Cesar A.
Background Heat stress proteins are implicated in stabilizing and refolding denatured proteins in vertebrates and invertebrates. Members of the Hsp70 gene family comprise the cognate heat shock protein (Hsc70) and inducible heat shock protein (Hsp70). However, the cDNA sequence and the expression of Hsp70 in the Antarctic sea urchin are unknown. Methods We amplified and cloned a transcript sequence of 1991 bp from the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri, experimentally exposed to heat stress (5  and 10 °C for 1, 24 and 48 h). RACE-PCR and qPCR were employed to determine Hsp70 gene expression, while western blot and ELISA methods were used to determine protein expression. Results The sequence obtained from S. neumayeri showed high identity with Hsp70...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hsp70; Coelomocytes; Antarctica; Echinoderms; Climate change.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00435/54619/56019.pdf

Climate‐induced changes in the suitable habitat of cold‐water corals and commercially important deep‐sea fishes in the North Atlantic
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Morato, Telmo; González‐irusta, José‐manuel; Dominguez‐carrió, Carlos; Wei, Chih‐lin; Davies, Andrew; Sweetman, Andrew K.; Taranto, Gerald H.; Beazley, Lindsay; García‐alegre, Ana; Grehan, Anthony; Laffargue, Pascal; Murillo, Francisco Javier; Sacau, Mar; Vaz, Sandrine; Kenchington, Ellen; Arnaud-haond, Sophie; Callery, Oisín; Chimienti, Giovanni; Cordes, Erik; Egilsdottir, Hronn; Freiwald, André; Gasbarro, Ryan; Gutiérrez‐zárate, Cristina; Gianni, Matthew; Gilkinson, Kent; Wareham Hayes, Vonda E.; Hebbeln, Dierk; Hedges, Kevin; Henry, Lea‐anne; Johnson, David; Koen‐alonso, Mariano; Lirette, Cam; Mastrototaro, Francesco; Menot, Lenaick; Molodtsova, Tina; Durán Muñoz, Pablo; Orejas, Covadonga; Pennino, Maria Grazia; Puerta, Patricia; Ragnarsson, Stefán Á.; Ramiro‐sánchez, Berta; Rice, Jake; Rivera, Jesús; Roberts, J. Murray; Ross, Steve W.; Rueda, José L.; Sampaio, Íris; Snelgrove, Paul; Stirling, David; Treble, Margaret A.; Urra, Javier; Vad, Johanne; Oevelen, Dick; Watling, Les; Walkusz, Wojciech; Wienberg, Claudia; Woillez, Mathieu; Levin, Lisa A.; Carreiro‐silva, Marina.
The deep sea plays a critical role in global climate regulation through uptake and storage of heat and carbon dioxide. However, this regulating service causes warming, acidification and deoxygenation of deep waters, leading to decreased food availability at the seafloor. These changes and their projections are likely to affect productivity, biodiversity and distributions of deep‐sea fauna, thereby compromising key ecosystem services. Understanding how climate change can lead to shifts in deep‐sea species distributions is critically important in developing management measures. We used environmental niche modelling along with the best available species occurrence data and environmental parameters to model habitat suitability for key cold‐water coral and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Cold-water corals; Deep-sea; Fisheries; Fishes; Habitat suitability modelling; Octocorals; Scleractinians; Species distribution models; Vulnerable marine ecosystems.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00610/72211/71007.pdf

Long-term trends in fish recruitment in the north-east Atlantic related to climate change
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Brunel, Thomas; Boucher, Jean.
This study investigates the temporal correspondence between the main patterns of recruitment variations among north-east Atlantic exploited fish populations and large-scale climate and temperature indices. It is of primary importance to know what changes in fish stock productivity can be expected in response to climate change, to design appropriate management strategies. The dominant patterns of recruitment variation were extracted using a standardized principal component analysis (PCA). The first principal component (PC) was a long-term decline, with a stepwise change occurring in 1987. A majority of Baltic Sea, North Sea, west of Scotland and Irish Sea populations, especially the gadoids, have followed this decreasing trend. On the contrary, some herring...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: North Atlantic; Global warming; Fishing impacts; Fish recruitment; Comparative approach; Climate change.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2636.pdf

Adaptive behaviour of fishers to external perturbations: simulation of the Tasmanian rock lobster fishery
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Hamon, Katell; Frusher, Stewart; Little, L. Richard; Thebaud, Olivier; Punt, André E.
The rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, lies on a global “hotspot” for climate change in the southeastern Australian state of Tasmania. The short-term effects of climate change are predicted to lead to an increasing exploitable biomass in the south and declining biomass in the north of the state. The future of the fishery is highly uncertain due to climate change, but also due to insecurities linked to the market conditions. The market for Tasmanian rock lobster is driven by the demand of a single market, China, which absorbs 75 % of the catch. This study examines how fishers can adapt to external perturbations that affect the social and economic viability of the fleet and the ecological dynamics of the stock. Three fleet dynamic models of increasing complexity...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Tasmanian rock lobster; Fleet dynamics; Fishers behaviour; Climate change.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00171/28219/27542.pdf

Glacial Ocean Dynamics: Insight from Deep-Sea Coral Reconstructions and A Time-Dependent Dynamical Box Model
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Hines, Sophia Katharine Vizza.
Glacial-interglacial cycles, occurring at a period of approximately 100,000 years, have dominated Earth's climate over the past 800,000 years. These cycles involve major changes in land ice, global sea level, ocean circulation, and the carbon cycle. While it is generally agreed that the ultimate driver of global climate is changes in insolation, glacial cycles do not look like insolation forcing. Notably, there is a highly non-linear warming response at 100,000 years to a relatively small forcing, implicating a more complicated system of biogeochemical and physical drivers. The ocean plays a pivotal role in glacial-interglacial climate through direct equator-to-pole transport of heat and its role in the carbon cycle. The deep ocean contains 60 times more...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Paleoceanography; Oceanography; Climate change; Glacial cycles; Ocean circulation; Ocean dynamics.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00493/60447/63892.pdf

A 1.2 Ma record of glaciation and fluvial discharge from the West European Atlantic margin
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Toucanne, Samuel; Zaragosi, S.; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Gibbard, P. L.; Eynaud, F.; Giraudeau, J.; Turon, J. L.; Cremer, M.; Cortijo, E.; Martinez, P.; Rossignol, L.
The correlation of continental sedimentary records with the marine isotope stratigraphy is a challenge of central importance in Quaternary stratigraphy, particularly in Western Europe where long records of glaciation on land areas are particularly rare. Here we demonstrate for the first time the interrelationship of events during the last 1.2 Ma in an ocean-sediment core from the Bay of Biscay (NE Atlantic), SW of the Channel. The identification of discharge variations from tributary river systems to the 'Fleuve Manche' palaeoriver during glacio-eustatic sea-level lowstands demonstrates the correlation of the marine sediment stratigraphy to the expansion and recession of the European ice-sheets. The amplitude and chronology of European ice-sheet...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Middle pleistocene transition; Ice sheet dynamics; Sea level; Climate change; North Atlantic; English channel; Heinrich events; Fleuve manche; Deep; Origin.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6956.pdf

Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during the Last Glacial and Deglacial: Inferences from the Atlantic Tropical Thermocline Temperature and Seawater Radiocarbon Activity
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Huang, Enqing.
This thesis aims to investigate variations of the last glacial and deglacial Atlantic Ocean circulation, with emphasize on the Atlantic deepwater ventilation rate during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The highlights of the thesis are as the followings: (1) the modern frontal zone between the North Atlantic and the South Atlantic central waters off NW Africa shifted to the south during the last glacial and deglacial time periods. (2) The radiocarbon-based circulation age of the deep Atlantic (&gt; 1500 m) was estimated to be less than 400 years during the LGM, which was equal to or less than its pre-bomb value. Therefore, the LGM deep Atlantic was inferred to be well ventilated. (3) The abyssal Atlantic (below 2500 m) prior to the LGM was more depleted in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Ocean circulation; Atlantic Ocean; Glacial; Deglacial; Thermocline; Radiocarbon; Global carbon cycle; Foraminifera; Carbonate; Trace elements; Deep ocean ventilation rates.
Ano: 2013
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00493/60446/63891.pdf

Decadal variability in chlorophyll and primary production off NW Spain
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bode, Antonio; Anadón, Ricardo; Anxelu G. Morán, Xosé; Nogueira, Enrique; Teira, Eva; Varela, Manuel.
Long-term variability of phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll a) and primary production (carbon fixation) in relation to changes in climatic and oceanographic factors was analysed for oceanic and shelf waters of the north and northwest Iberian Peninsula. Changes related to stratification in the water column and upwelling intensity were specifically addressed. The time series include measurements of primary production and biomass over 19 yr. Seasonally, the main mode of temporal variability of the series is the occurrence of phytoplankton blooms during the winter-spring and summer- autumn transition periods. On the northwestern coast (Galicia), the blooms are more frequent and attain higher biomass and production values than on the northern coast (Mar...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Primary production; Upwelling; Climate change; Nutrients; Remineralisation; NE Atlantic.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00052/16356/13862.pdf

Management strategies for coral reefs and people under global environmental change: 25 years of scientific research
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Comte, Adrien; Pendleton, Linwood H.; ,.
Coral reef ecosystems and the people who depend on them are increasingly exposed to the adverse effects of global environmental change (GEC), including increases in sea-surface temperature and ocean acidification. Managers and decision-makers need a better understanding of the options available for action in the face of these changes. We refine a typology of actions developed by Gattuso et al. (2015) that could serve in prioritizing strategies to deal with the impacts of GEC on reefs and people. Using the typology we refined, we investigate the scientific effort devoted to four types of management strategies: mitigate, protect, repair, adapt that we tie to the components of the chain of impact they affect: ecological vulnerability or social vulnerability....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coral reefs; Climate change; Ocean acidification; Management; Adaptation.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00418/52917/53872.pdf

Responses of coral reef fishes to past climate changes are related to life-history traits
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Ottimofiore, Eduardo; Albouy, Camille; Leprieur, Fabien; Descombes, Patrice; Kulbicki, Michel; Mouillot, David; Parravicini, Valeriano; Pellissier, Loic.
Coral reefs and their associated fauna are largely impacted by ongoing climate change. Unravelling species responses to past climatic variations might provide clues on the consequence of ongoing changes. Here, we tested the relationship between changes in sea surface temperature and sea levels during the Quaternary and present-day distributions of coral reef fish species. We investigated whether species-specific responses are associated with life-history traits. We collected a database of coral reef fish distribution together with life-history traits for the Indo-Pacific Ocean. We ran species distribution models (SDMs) on 3,725 tropical reef fish species using contemporary environmental factors together with a variable describing isolation from stable...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Dispersal; Indo-Pacific Ocean; Species distribution models.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00373/48403/48607.pdf

Climate Change Will Re-draw the Map for Marine Megafauna and the People Who Depend on Them
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Grose, Susan O.; Pendleton, Linwood; Leathers, Amanda; Cornish, Andrew; Waitai, Sheridan.
Climate change is expected to dramatically alter the distribution of many marine megafauna, impacting the people and economies that depend upon them. We build on the recent literature by developing a framework to describe the effects these changes will have on marine megafauna. With the goal to assist policymakers and grass roots organizers, we identify three illustrative pathways by which climate change drives these range shifts: (1) effects on habitat and shelter, (2) impacts on reproduction and disease, and (3) changing distribution of sources of food. We examine non-climate factors that may constrain or enable megafauna to adapt, creating winners and losers both for the species and the people dependent upon them. Finally, we comment on what management...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Marine megafauna; Habitat loss; Disease; Range shifts; Prey.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00641/75354/76152.pdf

Investigation of spatiotemporal patterns in mean temperature and mean trophic level of MEDITS survey catches in the Mediterranean Sea
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Peristeraki, Panagiota; Bitetto, Isabella; Carbonara, Pierluigi; Carlucci, Roberto; Certain, Gregoire; De Carlo, Francesco; Gristina, Michele; Kamidis, Nikos; Pesci, Paola; Stagioni, Marco; Valls, María; Tserpes, George.
Mean temperature (MTC) and mean trophic level (MTL) spatiotemporal patterns of MEDITS survey catches were examined in 13 geographic statistical areas (GSAs) of the Mediterranean between 1994 and 2016. The study aimed to detect changes in the demersal community structure related to anthropogenic impacts. A generalized additive modelling approach was used to examine the effects of year and GSA on the MTC and MTL indexes and on bottom temperature by haul. For the MTC index, the year was significant only in 4 GSAs, while for MTL it was significant in 5. Higher MTC values were observed in central and eastern areas. Bottom temperature increased after 2010, and also from west to east and from north to south. Our results indicate that the recently observed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mean temperature of the catch; Trophic level; Bottom temperature; Trends; Mediterranean; Fishing pressure; Sea warming; Climate change.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00489/60054/63332.pdf

Observer, Analyser et Gérer la variabilité de la reproduction et du recrutement de l’huître creuse en France : Le Réseau Velyger. Rapport scientifique annuel du réseau national Velyger, convention DPMA-Ifremer 2016
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Pouvreau, Stephane.
La conchyliculture, et principalement l’élevage de l’huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, constitue la principale activité aquacole française. Cette activité repose, en grande partie, sur le recrutement naturel de l’espèce qui assure 60 à 70% des besoins en jeunes huîtres (naissain) : cette activité de collecte s’appelle le captage. Les deux principaux centres de captage en France sont les bassins d’Arcachon et de Marennes-Oléron. Or, depuis une quinzaine d'années, sur le bassin d'Arcachon, le captage devient très variable: à des années de captage nul (par exemple 2002, 2005, 2007) ou faible (2009, 2010, 2011) succèdent des années excellentes voire pléthoriques (2003, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2014). A Marennes-Oléron, cette variabilité existe, mais s’avère beaucoup...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Naissain; Cycle de reproduction; Captage; Recrutement; Changement climatique; Larves; Pacific oyster; Spat; Recruitment; Seed collecting; Larvae; Reproductive cycle; Climate change.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00433/54427/55776.pdf

Conséquences à long terme d'une exposition précose à l'hypoxie sur la physiologie du bar européen (Dicentrarchus labrax) et de la sole commune (Solea solea)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Vanderplancke, Gwenaelle.
The dissolved oxygen in seawater has steadily declined in many coastal marine ecosystems in the last 50 years because of global warming and increasing coastal human activities. This decrease in oxygen in seawater causes episodes of hypoxia increasingly frequent and severe in coastal and estuarine areas. Some organisms may escape these environmental constraints by migration or dispersion. Others, with limited swimming capabilities must implement physiological regulation (phenotypic plasticity) to enable them to adapt and survive. This is particularly the case of marine fish larvae that are likely to be present in coastal nursery at the end of their development. It is now well established that the regulations implemented by organisms to cope with their...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hypoxie; Conditionnement; Programmation environnementale; Poissons marins; Changement climatique; Oxygène; Dicentrarchus labrax; Solea solea; Marine fish; Climate change; Oxygen; Hypoxia; Conditioning; Environmental programming.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00498/60938/64332.pdf

Suitable habitats of fish species in the Barents Sea
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Husson, Berengere; Certain, Gregoire; Filin, Anatoly; Planque, Benjamin.
Many marine species exhibit poleward migrations following climate change. The Barents Sea, a doorstep to the fast‐warming Arctic, is experiencing large scale changes in its environment and its communities. Tracking and anticipating changes for management and conservation purposes at the scale of the ecosystem necessitate quantitative knowledge on individual species distribution drivers. This paper aims at identifying the factors controlling demersal habitats in the Barents Sea, investigating for which species we can predict current and future habitats and inferring those most likely to respond to climate change. We used non‐linear quantile regressions (QGAM) to model the upper quantile of the biomass response of 33 fish species to 10 environmental...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Environmental niche; Generalized additive models; Habitat suitability models; Limiting factors; Quantile regression; Species distribution.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00641/75352/76099.pdf

Benthic Ecoregionalization based on echinoid fauna of the Southern Ocean supports current proposals of Antarctic Marine Protected Areas under IPCC scenarios of climate change
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Fabri‐ruiz, S; Danis, B; Navarro, N; Koubbi, Philippe; Laffont, R; Saucède, T.
The Southern Ocean (SO) is among the regions on Earth that are undergoing regionally the fastest environmental changes. The unique ecological features of its marine life make it particularly vulnerable to the multiple effects of climate change. A network of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) has started to be implemented in the SO to protect marine ecosystems. However, considering future predictions of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the relevance of current, static, MPAs may be questioned under future scenarios. In this context, the ecoregionalization approach can prove promising in identifying well‐delimited regions of common species composition and environmental settings. These so‐called ecoregions are expected to show similar biotic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Echinoids; Ecological niche modeling; Ecoregionalization; Marine Protected Areas.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00606/71809/70298.pdf

Observer, Analyser et Gérer la variabilité de la reproduction et du recrutement de l’huître creuse en France : Le Réseau Velyger. Rapport annuel 2014
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Pouvreau, Stephane; Petton, Sebastien; Queau, Isabelle; Haurie, Axel; Le Souchu, Pierrick; Alunno-bruscia, Marianne; Palvadeau, Hubert; Auby, Isabelle; Maurer, Daniele; D'Amico, Florence; Passoni, Sarah; Barbier, Claire; Tournaire, Marie-pierre; Rigouin, Loic; Rumebe, Myriam; Fleury, Elodie; Fouillaron, Pierre; Bouget, Jean-francois; Pepin, Jean-francois; Robert, Stephane; Grizon, James; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Chabirand, Jean-michel; Le Moine, Olivier; Guesdon, Stephane; Lagarde, Franck; Mortreux, Serge; Le Gall, Patrik; Messiaen, Gregory; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle; Quemener, Loic; Repecaud, Michel; Mille, Dominique; Geay, Amelie; Bouquet, Anne-lise.
La conchyliculture, et principalement l’élevage de l’huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, constitue la principale activité aquacole française. Cette activité repose, en grande partie, sur le recrutement naturel de l’espèce qui assure 70% des besoins en jeunes huîtres (naissain) : cette activité de collecte s’appelle le captage. Les deux principaux centres de captage en France sont les bassins d’Arcachon et de Marennes-Oléron. Or, depuis une dizaine d'années, sur le bassin d'Arcachon, le captage devient très variable: à des années de captage nul (par exemple les années 2002, 2005, 2007) ou faible (2009, 2010, 2011) succèdent des années excellentes voire pléthoriques (les années 2003, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2013). A Marennes-Oléron, cette variabilité existe, mais...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Naissain; Recrutement; Captage; Larves; Cycle de reproduction; Changement climatique; Pacific oyster; Spat; Recruitment; Spat collecting; Larvae; Reproductive cycle; Climate change.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00279/38990/37561.pdf

Assessing, quantifying and valuing the ecosystem services of coastal lagoons
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Newton, Alice; Brito, Ana C.; Icely, John D.; Derolez, Valerie; Clara, Ines; Angus, Stewart; Schernewski, Gerald; Inacio, Miguel; Lillebo, Ana I.; Sousa, Ana I.; Bejaoui, Bechir; Solidoro, Cosimo; Tosic, Marko; Canedo-arguelles, Miguel; Yamamuro, Masumi; Reizopoulou, Sofia; Tseng, Hsiao-chun; Canu, Donata; Roselli, Leonilde; Maanan, Mohamed; Cristina, Sonia; Ruiz-fernandez, Ana Carolina; De Lima, Ricardo F.; Kjerfve, Bjorn; Rubio-cisneros, Nadia; Perez-ruzafa, Angel; Marcos, Concepcion; Pastres, Roberto; Pranovi, Fabio; Snoussi, Maria; Turpie, Jane; Tuchkovenko, Yurii; Dyack, Brenda; Brookes, Justin; Povilanskas, Ramunas; Khokhlov, Valeriy.
The natural conservation of coastal lagoons is important not only for their ecological importance, but also because of the valuable ecosystem services they provide for human welfare and wellbeing. Coastal lagoons are shallow semi-enclosed systems that support important habitats such as wetlands, mangroves, salt-marshes and seagrass meadows, as well as a rich biodiversity. Coastal lagoons are also complex social-ecological systems and the ecosystem services that lagoons deliver provide livelihoods, benefits wellbeing and welfare to humans. This study assessed, quantified and valued the ecosystem services of 32 coastal lagoons. The main findings of the study were: (i) the definitions of ecosystem services are still not generally accepted; (ii) the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coastal lagoons; Ecosystem services; Climate change; Human welfare; Benefits; Wellbeing.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00427/53879/57166.pdf

Updating temperature and salinity mean values and trends in the Western Mediterranean: The RADMED project
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Vargas-yanez, M.; Garcia-martinez, M. C.; Moya, F.; Balbin, R.; Lopez-jurado, J. L.; Serra, M.; Zunino Rodriguez, Patricia; Pascual, J.; Salat, J.
The RADMED project is devoted to the implementation and maintenance of a multidisciplinary monitoring system around the Spanish Mediterranean waters. This observing system is based on periodic multidisciplinary cruises covering the coastal waters, continental shelf and slope waters and some deep stations (&gt;2000 m) from the Westernmost Alboran Sea to Barcelona in the Catalan Sea, including the Balearic Islands. This project was launched in 2007 unifying and extending some previous monitoring projects which had a more reduced geographical coverage. Some of the time series currently available extend from 1992, while the more recent ones were initiated in 2007. The present work updates the available time series up to 2015 (included) and shows the capability...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Western Mediterranean; Monitoring program; Warming and salting trends; Climate change.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00399/51044/51816.pdf

Present and Future Potential Habitat Distribution of Carcharhinus falciformis and Canthidermis maculata By-Catch Species in the Tropical Tuna Purse-Seine Fishery under Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Lezama-ochoa, Nerea; Murua, Hilario; Chust, Guillem; Van Loon, Emiel; Ruiz, Jon; Hall, Martin; Chavance, Pierre; De Moline, Alicia Delgado; Villarino, Ernesto.
By-catch species from tropical tuna purse seine fishery have been affected by fishery pressures since the last century; however, the habitat distribution and the climate change impacts on these species are poorly known. With the objective of predicting the potential suitable habitat for a shark (Carcharhinus falciformis) and a teleost (Canthidermis maculata) in the Indian, Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans, a MaxEnt species distribution model (SDM) was developed using data collected by observers in tuna purse seiners. The relative percentage of contribution of some environmental variables (depth, sea surface temperature, salinity and primary production) and the potential impact of climate change on species habitat by the end of the century under the A2...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: By-catch; MaxEnt; Silky shark; Rough triggerfish; Habitat suitability; Climate change; Tropical purse seiners; Ecosystem approach to fishery management.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00677/78903/81246.pdf

Potential environmental drivers of a regional blue mussel mass mortality event (winter 2014, Breton Sound, France)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Polsenaere, Pierre; Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Gohin, Francis; Robert, Stephane; Pepin, Jean-francois; Stanisiere, Jean-yves; Dumas, Franck; Bechemin, Christian; Goulletquer, Philippe.
In the context of global change, increasing mariculture production has raised particular concerns regarding its environmental impact and sustainability. Molluscs and particularly blue mussel account for a significant part of this total production. Although blue mussels are considered as pretty resilient to environmental disturbances, we report in this study an unprecedented mussel mortality event that occurred during the winter 2014 in the Breton Sound. 9000 metric tonnes of mussels were lost and mortality rates up to 100% were recorded at some farming areas. Through a coupling approach, the present work aimed to better understand the potential environmental drivers associated to those mortalities. Firstly we analysed long-term in situ and satellite data...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mytilus edulis mortalities; Climate change; Breton sound; Long-term monitoring; Hydrodynamic modelling; Vibriosis.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00376/48708/49083.pdf

Multiple Stressors and Ecological Complexity Require a New Approach to Coral Reef Research
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Pendleton, Linwood H.; Hoegh-guldberg, Ove; Langdon, Chris; Comte, Adrien.
Ocean acidification, climate change, and other environmental stressors threaten coral reef ecosystems and the people who depend upon them. New science reveals that these multiple stressors interact and may affect a multitude of physiological and ecological processes in complex ways. The interaction of multiple stressors and ecological complexity may mean that the negative effects on coral reef ecosystems will happen sooner and be more severe than previously thought. Yet, most research on the effects of global change on coral reefs focus on one or few stressors, pathways or outcomes (e.g., bleaching). Based on a critical review of the literature, we call for a regionally targeted strategy of mesocosm-level research that addresses this complexity and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coral reefs; Multiple stressors; Mesocosm-level research; Climate change; Ocean acidification.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00636/74835/75224.pdf

Shore-level size gradients and thermal refuge use in the predatory sea star Pisaster ochraceus: the role of environmental stressors
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Monaco, Cristian; Wethey, David S.; Gulledge, Shadow; Helmuth, Brian.
The body size of a mobile intertidal invertebrate can determine its access to different microhabitats, and thus alter its exposure to environmental stressors. We surveyed a rocky intertidal keystone predator, the sea star Pisaster ochraceus, and characterized size-dependent distribution, defined by individuals' shore level and refuge use. At 2 field sites (in California and Oregon, USA) we examined temporal and geographical variability in habitat selection. We evaluated the hypothesis that environmental drivers measured on-site and body temperatures measured using biomimetic sensors (i.e. 'robo-sea stars'), explained the observed distribution patterns, including shore-level size gradients, with larger animals lower on the shore. We tested the effect of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Physiology; Rocky intertidal; Environmental stress; Climate change; Temperature; Desiccation; Solar radiation; Body size; Behavior.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00605/71695/70137.pdf

Intérêt biogéographique de la côte basque rocheuse
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: De Casamajor, Marie-noelle; Lalanne, Yann.
During recent decades, works on rocky shore biodiversity have been multiplied in the southern part of the Bay of Biscay and more precisely on intertidal and subtidal area were communities present a great interest. Necessity of conservation of coastal habitats and their communities and a growing pressure on coastal environments explain awareness of services provided by these ecosystems. Those communities are very sensitive to water quality change. Moreover, since the beginning of the XXI century various European directives require a good ecological status of coastal waters and conservation of their communities : Water Framework Directive (WFD), Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) and conservation of habitats with Directive Habitat Fauna and Flora...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biodiversité; Substrats rocheux; Côte basque; Changement climatique; Golfe de Gascogne.; Biodiversity; Rocky shore; Basque coast; Climate change; Bay of Biscay.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45781/45426.pdf

ILTER - The International Long-Term Ecological Research Network as a Platform for Global Coastal and Ocean Observation
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Muelbert, Jose H.; Nidzieko, Nicholas J.; Acosta, Alicia T. R.; Beaulieu, Stace E.; Bernardino, Angelo F.; Boikova, Elmira; Bornman, Thomas G.; Cataletto, Bruno; Deneudt, Klaas; Eliason, Erika; Kraberg, Alexandra; Nakaoka, Masahiro; Pugnetti, Alessandra; Ragueneau, Olivier; Scharfe, Mirco; Soltwedel, Thomas; Sosik, Heidi M.; Stanisci, Angela; Stefanova, Kremena; Stephan, Pierre; Stier, Adrian; Wikner, Johan; Zingone, Adriana.
Understanding the threats to global biodiversity and ecosystem services posed by human impacts on coastal and marine environments requires the establishment and maintenance of ecological observatories that integrate the biological, physical, geological, and biogeochemical aspects of ecosystems. This is crucial to provide scientists and stakeholders with the support and knowledge necessary to quantify environmental change and its impact on the sustainable use of the seas and coasts. In this paper, we explore the potential for the coastal and marine components of the International Long-Term Ecological Research Network (ILTER) to fill this need for integrated global observation, and highlight how ecological observations are necessary to address the challenges...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Marine ecosystems; Ecology; EOVs; SWOT; DEIMS.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00615/72756/72025.pdf

Using Modern Conservation Tools for Innovative Management of Coral Reefs: The MANACO Consortium
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Selmoni, Oliver; Lecellier, Gaël; Ainley, Lara; Collin, Antoine; Doucet, Raimana; Dubousquet, Vaimiti; Feremaito, Hudson; Ito Waia, Edouard; Kininmonth, Stuart; Magalon, Hélène; Malimali, Siola’a; Maugateau, Ateliana; Meibom, Anders; Mosese, Stephen; René-trouillefou, Malika; Satoh, Noriyuki; Van Oppen, Madeleine J. H.; Xozamé, André; Yékawene, Maxime; Joost, Stéphane; Berteaux-lecellier, Véronique.
Coral reefs are under threat and innovative management strategies are urgently required. However, discoveries from innovative fields of coral reef research are rarely transposed in practical conservation actions. This is mainly due to the difficulties in knowledge exchange between scientists and conservation stakeholders. The ManaCo consortium (http://manaco.ird.nc/) is an international network federating conservation stakeholders and researchers in a common effort to preserve the coral reefs. The focus is on using modern tools to build a bridge between indigenous knowledge and scientific innovation. ManaCo aims to orientate research toward relevant conservation needs and to facilitate the transposition of research into concrete management strategies. This...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coral reef; Conservation; Climate change; Reef management; Knowledge transfer.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00643/75528/76433.pdf

The future is now: marine aquaculture in the anthropocene
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Browman, Howard I.
Aquaculture now produces more seafood than wild capture fisheries and this production is expected to at least double by 2050. Representing almost half of global production, marine aquaculture will contribute to sustainably feeding the growing humanity. However, climate change will undoubtedly challenge the future growth of marine aquaculture. Temperature and sea-level rise, shifts in precipitation, freshening from glacier melt, changing ocean productivity, and circulation patterns, increasing occurrence of extreme climatic events, eutrophication, and ocean acidification are all stressors that will influence marine aquaculture. The objective of this themed article set was to bring together contributions on the broad theme of the potential impacts,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Bivalve; Blue economy; Carbon; Climate change; Marine diseases; Mitigation; Ocean acidification; Plasticity; Salmon; Seaweed; Sustainability.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00682/79406/81951.pdf

Decadal variations and trends of the global ocean carbon sink
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Landschuetzer, Peter; Gruber, Nicolas; Bakker, Dorothee C. E.
We investigate the variations of the ocean CO2 sink during the past three decades using global surface ocean maps of the partial pressure of CO2 reconstructed from observations contained in the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas Version 2. To create these maps, we used the neural network-based data interpolation method of Landschutzer et al. (2014) but extended the work in time from 1998 to 2011 to the period from 1982 through 2011. Our results suggest strong decadal variations in the global ocean carbon sink around a long-term increase that corresponds roughly to that expected from the rise in atmospheric CO2. The sink is estimated to have weakened during the 1990s toward a minimum uptake of only -0.8 +/- 0.5 Pg C yr(-1) in 2000 and thereafter to have strengthened...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon sink variability; Climate change; Global carbon budget; Global carbon cycle; Ocean biogeochemistry.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00383/49402/49891.pdf

The EMSO-ERIC Pan-European Consortium: Data Benefits and Lessons Learned as the Legal Entity Forms
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Best, Mairi M. R.; Favali, Paolo; Beranzoli, Laura; Blandin, Jerome; Cagatay, Namik M.; Cannat, Mathilde; Jose Danobeitia, Juan; Delory, Eric; De Miranda, Jorge M. A.; Del Rio Fernandez, Joaquin; De Stigter, Henko; Gillooly, Mick; Grant, Fiona; Hall, Per O. J.; Hartman, Susan; Hernandez-brito, Joaquin; Lanteri, Nadine; Mienert, Juergen; Oaie, Gheorge; Piera, Jaume; Radulescu, Vlad; Rolin, Jean-francois; Ruhl, Henry A.; Waldmann, Christoph.
The European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-column Observatory (EMSO) European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC) provides power, communications, sensors, and data infrastructure for continuous, high-resolution, (near-)real-time, interactive ocean observations across a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary range of research areas including biology, geology, chemistry, physics, engineering, and computer science, from polar to subtropical environments, through the water column down to the abyss. Eleven deep-sea and four shallow nodes span from the Arctic through the Atlantic and Mediterranean, to the Black Sea. Coordination among the consortium nodes is being strengthened through the EMSOdev project (H2020), which will produce the EMSO Generic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ocean Observatory Consortium; Europe; Geohazards; Climate change; Ecosystems.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00343/45442/45806.pdf

About the origin of the Mediterranean Waters warming during thetwentieth century
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: García-martínez, María Del Carmen; Vargas-yáñez, Manuel; Moya, Francina; Zunino Rodriguez, Patricia; Bautista, Begoña.
The Mediterranean Sea transforms Atlantic Waters inflowing through the Strait of Gibraltar into saltier, cooler and denser Mediterranean Waters that outflow into the Atlantic Ocean. A theoretical steady state functioning of the Mediterranean Sea would be the result of the balance between the net heat and volume transports through the Strait of Gibraltar and the heat loss to the atmosphere through the sea surface and the net evaporation. The salt transport for the inflow and outflow should be balanced. Changes in the heat content, temperature and salinity of the Mediterranean waters reveal that the present Mediterranean functioning is out of this equilibrium state. A new analysis for MEDAR data shows that the temperature and salinity averaged for the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Temperature and salinity trends; Climate change; Mediterranean Sea.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00396/50697/51388.pdf

Are we ready to track climate‐driven shifts in marine species across international boundaries? ‐ A global survey of scientific bottom trawl data
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Maureaud, Aurore; Frelat, Romain; Pécuchet, Laurène; Shackell, Nancy; Mérigot, Bastien; Pinsky, Malin L.; Amador, Kofi; Anderson, Sean C.; Arkhipkin, Alexander; Auber, Arnaud; Barri, Iça; Bell, Richard J.; Belmaker, Jonathan; Beukhof, Esther; Camara, Mohamed L.; Guevara‐carrasco, Renato; Choi, Junghwa; Christensen, Helle T.; Conner, Jason; Cubillos, Luis A.; Diadhiou, Hamet D.; Edelist, Dori; Emblemsvåg, Margrete; Ernst, Billy; Fairweather, Tracey P.; Fock, Heino O.; Friedland, Kevin D.; Garcia, Camilo B; Gascuel, Didier; Gislason, Henrik; Goren, Menachem; Guitton, Jérôme; Jouffre, Didier; Hattab, Tarek; Hidalgo, Manuel; Kathena, Johannes N.; Knuckey, Ian; Kidé, Saïkou O.; Koen‐alonso, Mariano; Koopman, Matt; Kulik, Vladimir; León, Jacqueline P; Levitt‐barmats, Ya’arit; Lindegren, Martin; Llope, Marcos; Massiot‐granier, Félix; Masski, Hicham; Mclean, Matthew; Meissa, Beyah; Mérillet, Laurene; Mihneva, Vesselina; Nunoo, Francis K. E.; O'Driscoll, Richard; O'Leary, Cecilia A.; Petrova, Elitsa; Ramos, Jorge E.; Refes, Wahid; Román‐marcote, Esther; Siegstad, Helle; Sobrino, Ignacio; Sólmundsson, Jón; Sonin, Oren; Spies, Ingrid; Steingrund, Petur; Stephenson, Fabrice; Stern, Nir; Tserkova, Feriha; Tserpes, Georges; Tzanatos, Evangelos; Rijn, Itai; Zwieten, Paul A. M.; Vasilakopoulos, Paraskevas; Yepsen, Daniela V.; Ziegler, Philippe; Thorson, James.
Marine biota are redistributing at a rapid pace in response to climate change and shifting seascapes. While changes in fish populations and community structure threaten the sustainability of fisheries, our capacity to adapt by tracking and projecting marine species remains a challenge due to data discontinuities in biological observations, lack of data availability, and mismatch between data and real species distributions. To assess the extent of this challenge, we review the global status and accessibility of ongoing scientific bottom trawl surveys. In total, we gathered metadata for 283,925 samples from 95 surveys conducted regularly from 2001 to 2019. We identified that 59% of the metadata collected are not publicly available, highlighting that the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bottom trawl survey; Climate change; Demersal fish; Fisheries policy; Global data synthesis; Open science; Species distribution; Transboundary conservation.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00658/76971/78197.pdf

Climate warming vs ecological competition for marine tropical biodiversity and fisheries
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gomes, Helene; Kersulec, Coralie; Doyen, Luc; Blanchard, Fabian; Cisse, Abdoul; Sanz, Nicolas.
Marine ecosystems, biodiversity and fisheries are under pressure worldwide because of global changes including climate warming and demographic pressure. In that regard, many scientists and stakeholders advocate the use of an ecosystem approach for fisheries integrating the numerous ecological and economic complexities at play, instead of focusing on the management of isolated target species. However, the way to operationalize such an ecosystem approach remains challenging, especially from the bioeconomic viewpoint. To achieve this, here we propose a model of intermediate complexity (MICE) relying on multi-species and multi-fleets dynamics. The model also takes into account climate change through a model of envelope for the biological growth of the fish...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine biodiversity; Multi-species; Multi-fleet fishery; Models of Intermediate Complexity (MICE); Climate change; Exclusion principle.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00640/75222/75364.pdf

The Risky Decrease of Fishing Reference Points Under Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Travers-trolet, Morgane; Bourdaud, Pierre; Genu, Mathieu; Velez, Laure; Vermard, Youen.
In Europe, implementation of sustainable fisheries management has been reinforced in the latest common fisheries policy, and presently marine fish stocks are mostly managed through assessment of their exploitation and ecological status compared to reference points such as Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY). However, MSY and its associated fishing mortality rate FMSY are sensitive to both stock characteristics and environment conditions. In parallel, climate change impacts are increasingly affecting fish stocks directly and indirectly but might also change the exploitation reference points and the associated level of catch. Here we explored the variability of MSY reference points under climate change by using a multi-species model applied to the Eastern...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Maximum sustainable yield; Climate change; Biological reference points; Ecosystem model; Fishery management.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00657/76939/78140.pdf

Maximum Economic Yield Fishery Management in the Face of Global Warming
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Diop, Bassirou; Sanz, Nicolas; Junior Duplan, Yves Jamont; Guene, El Hadji Mama; Blanchard, Fabian; Pereau, Jean-christophe; Doyen, Luc.
This paper deals with fishery management in the face of the ecological and economic effects of global warming. To achieve this, a dynamic bioeconomic model and model-based scenarios are considered, in which the stock's growth function depends on the sea surface temperature. The model is empirically calibrated for the French Guiana shrimp fishery using time series collected over the period 1993–2009. Three fishing effort strategies are then compared under two contrasted IPCC climate scenarios (RCP 8.5 and RCP 2.6). A first harvesting strategy maintains the Status Quo in terms of fishing effort. A more ecologically-oriented strategy based on the closure of the fishery is also considered. A third strategy, which relates to Maximum Economic Yield (MEY), is...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Renewable resources; Fishery bioeconomic model; Climate change; Climate scenarios; Adaptation; Shrimp.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00453/56418/58115.pdf

Ice wastage on the Kerguelen Islands (49 degrees S, 69 degrees E) between 1963 and 2006
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Berthier, Etienne; Le Bris, Raymond; Mabileau, Laure; Testut, Laurent; Remy, Frederique.
We observed the wastage of ice masses on the Kerguelen Islands ( Indian Ocean, 49 degrees S, 69 degrees E) using historical information and recent satellite data. Overall, the total ice-covered area on the islands declined from 703 to 552 km(2) between 1963 and 2001, a reduction of 21%. The area of Cook ice cap ( the main ice body) decreased asymmetrically from 501 to 403 km(2). West flowing glaciers lost 11% of their area, while east flowing glaciers lost 28%. After 1991, the retreat rate accelerated from 1.9 km(2)/a ( 1963-1991) to 3.8 km(2)/a ( 1991-2003). Between 1963 and 2000, the ice volume loss was 25-30 km(3), equivalent to an area-average ice-thinning rate of 1.4-1.7 m/a. The glacial retreat took place in the climatic context of a relatively low...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ice caps; Climate change; Remote sensing; Kerguelen Islands; Southern Ocean; Mass balance.
Ano: 2009
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00219/33069/31557.pdf

De novo assembly and annotation of the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata transcriptome
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Harney, Ewan; Dubief, Bruno; Boudry, Pierre; Basuyaux, Olivier; Schilhabel, Markus B.; Huchette, Sylvain; Paillard, Christine; Nunes, Flavia.
The European abalone Haliotis tuberculata is a delicacy and consequently a commercially valuable gastropod species. Aquaculture production and wild populations are subjected to multiple climate-associated stressors and anthropogenic pressures, including rising sea-surface temperatures, ocean acidification and an emerging pathogenic Vibrio infection. Transcript expression data provides a valuable resource for understanding abalone responses to variation in the biotic and abiotic environment. To generate an extensive transcriptome, we performed next-generation sequencing of RNA on larvae exposed to temperature and pH variation and on haemolymph of adults from two wild populations after experimental infection with Vibrio harveyi. We obtained more than 1.5...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: RNA-Seq; Mollusca; Gastropoda; Development; Vibrio harveyi; Climate change.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00318/42940/45103.pdf

An iron cycle cascade governs the response of equatorial Pacific ecosystems to climate change
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Tagliabue, Alessandro; Barrier, Nicolas; Du Pontavice, Hubert; Kwiatkowski, Lester; Aumont, Olivier; Bopp, Laurent; Cheung, William W. L.; Gascuel, Didier; Maury, Olivier.
Earth System Models project that global climate change will reduce ocean net primary production (NPP), upper trophic level biota biomass and potential fisheries catches in the future, especially in the eastern equatorial Pacific. However, projections from Earth System Models are undermined by poorly constrained assumptions regarding the biological cycling of iron, which is the main limiting resource for NPP over large parts of the ocean. In this study, we show that the climate change trends in NPP and the biomass of upper trophic levels are strongly affected by modifying assumptions associated with phytoplankton iron uptake. Using a suite of model experiments, we find 21st century climate change impacts on regional NPP range from −12.3% to +2.4% under a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Iron; Marine ecosystems; Net primary production; Ocean.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00652/76417/77470.pdf

Highly contrasted responses of Mediterranean octocorals to climate change along a depth gradient
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Pivotto, I. D.; Nerini, D.; Masmoudi, M.; Kara, H.; Chaoui, L.; Aurelle, D.
Climate change has a strong impact on marine ecosystems, including temperate species. Analysing the diversity of thermotolerance levels within species along with their genetic structure enables a better understanding of their potential response to climate change. We performed this integrative study on the Mediterranean octocoral Eunicella cavolini, with samples from different depths and by means of a common garden experiment. This species does not host photosynthetic Symbiodinium, enabling us to focus on the cnidarian response. We compared the thermotolerance of individuals from 20 m and 40 m depths from the same site and with replicates from the same colony. On the basis of an innovative statistical analysis of necrosis kinetics and risk, we demonstrated...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Acclimatization; Eunicella cavolini; Mediterranean sea; Population genetics.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00371/48264/48637.pdf

Patterns of species range evolution in Indo-Pacific reef assemblages reveal the Coral Triangle as a net source of transoceanic diversity
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Evans, Sean M.; Mckenna, Caroline; Simpson, Stephen D.; Tournois, Jennifer; Genner, Martin J.
The Coral Triangle in the Indo-Pacific is a region renowned for exceptional marine biodiversity. The area could have acted as a 'centre of origin' where speciation has been prolific or a 'centre of survival' by providing refuge during major environmental shifts such as sea-level changes. The region could also have acted as a 'centre of accumulation' for species with origins outside of the Coral Triangle, owing to it being at a central position between the Indian and Pacific oceans. Here, we investigated support for these hypotheses using population-level DNA sequence-based reconstructions of the range evolution of 45 species (314 populations) of Indo-Pacific reef-associated organisms. Our results show that populations undergoing the most ancient...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biogeography; Coral reef; Climate change; Species distributions; Bayesian skyline plot.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00363/47467/74180.pdf

Oceans and Human Health: A Rising Tide of Challenges and Opportunities for Europe
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Fleming, L.e.; Mcdonough, N.; Austen, M.; Mee, L.; Moore, Michael; Hess, Philipp; Depledge, M.h.; White, M.; Philippart, Katja; Bradbrook, P.; Smalley, A.
The European Marine Board recently published a position paper on linking oceans and human health as a strategic research priority for Europe. With this position paper as a reference, the March 2014 Cornwall Oceans and Human Health Workshop brought together key scientists, policy makers, funders, business, and non governmental organisations from Europe and the US to review the recent interdisciplinary and cutting edge research in oceans and human health specifically the growing evidence of the impacts of oceans and seas on human health and wellbeing (and the effects of humans on the oceans). These impacts are a complex mixture of negative influences (e.g. from climate change and extreme weather to harmful algal blooms and chemical pollution) and beneficial...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Harmful algal blooms; Microbial pollution; Anthropogenic chemicals; Marine biotechnology; Climate change; Ocean acidification; Fisheries; Aquaculture; Seafood; Blue carbon; Marine energy; Blue gym; Ocean literacy; Risks; Benefits; EU Policy.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00192/30328/29066.pdf

Growth Response of Arctica Islandica to North Atlantic Oceanographic Conditions Since 1850
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Poitevin, Pierre; Thébault, Julien; Siebert, Valentin; Donnet, Sébastien; Archambault, Philippe; Doré, Justine; Chauvaud, Laurent; Lazure, Pascal.
The Northwest Atlantic is a key region with an essential role in global climate regulation, redistributing heat and influencing the carbon cycle. However, little is known about its evolution before 1950, mainly because of the lack of long-term instrumental measurements. The hard parts of long-lived marine biota hold the potential to extend instrumentally derived observation by several decades or centuries and enhance our understanding of global climate processes. Here, we investigate the effects of local, regional, and large-scale climate variability on the marine bivalve, Arctica islandica (Linnaeus, 1767) from Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (SPM). This archipelago lies at the boundary zone between the cold Labrador Current in the north and the warm Gulf...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Arctica islandica; Paleoecology; North Atlantic; Sub polar gyre; Labrador current; Bivalve; Sclerochronology; Climate change.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00509/62050/66198.pdf

Observer, Analyser et Gérer la variabilité de la reproduction et du recrutement de l’huître creuse en France : Le Réseau Velyger. Rapport annuel 2015
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Pouvreau, Stephane.
La conchyliculture, et principalement l’élevage de l’huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, constitue la principale activité aquacole française. Cette activité repose, en grande partie, sur le recrutement naturel de l’espèce qui assure 60 à 70% des besoins en jeunes huîtres (naissain) : cette activité de collecte s’appelle le captage.  Les deux principaux centres de captage en France sont les bassins d’Arcachon et de Marennes-Oléron. Or, depuis une dizaine d'années, sur le bassin d'Arcachon, le captage devient très variable: à des années de captage nul (par exemple 2002, 2005, 2007) ou faible (2009, 2010, 2011) succèdent des années excellentes voire pléthoriques (2003, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2014). A Marennes-Oléron, cette variabilité existe, mais s’avère beaucoup...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Naissain; Recrutement; Captage; Larves; Cycle de reproduction; Changement climatique; Pacific oyster; Spat; Recruitment; Seed collecting; Larvae; Reproductive cycle; Climate change.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00334/44533/44240.pdf

Functional reorganization of marine fish nurseries under climate warming
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Mclean, Matthew J.; Mouillot, David; Goascoz, Nicolas; Schlaich, Ivan; Auber, Arnaud.
While climate change is rapidly impacting marine species and ecosystems worldwide, the effects of climate warming on coastal fish nurseries have received little attention despite nurseries’ fundamental roles in recruitment and population replenishment. Here, we used a 26‐year time series (1987–2012) of fish monitoring in the Bay of Somme, a nursery in the Eastern English Channel (EEC), to examine the impacts of environmental and human drivers on the spatial and temporal dynamics of fish functional structure during a warming phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). We found that the nursery was initially dominated by fishes with r‐selected life‐history traits such as low trophic level, low age and size at maturity, and small offspring, which...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation; Climate change; Ecosystem function; English Channel; Fisheries; Functional traits; Life history; Recruitment.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00471/58276/60818.pdf

Réponses écophysiologiques des espèces toxiques de Pseudo-nitzschia aux variations environnementales liées au changement climatique
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Ayache, Nour.
The diatom Pseudo-nitzschia includes certain toxic species capable of producing domoic acid (DA), an amnesic neurotoxin. The proliferation of these toxic species presents many risks ranging from serious ecological and economic damage to threats to public health. Problems related to these proliferations are increasing worldwide and the need for scientist to better understand the environmental factors influencing the appearance of these blooms is more necessary than ever. In this context, several species and strains of Pseudo-nitzschia have been studied to better understand and predict their physiological responses to future climate change. In particular, the experiments carried out allowed to explore the impact of salinity variations and ocean acidification...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Acide domoïque; Changement climatique; Écophysiologie; Pseudo-nitzschia; Amnesic shellfish poisoning; Climate change; Domoic acid; Ecophysiology; Pseudo-nitzschia.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00478/58969/61573.pdf

Climate change impacts on fish reproduction are mediated at multiple levels of the brain-pituitary-gonad axis
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Servili, Arianna; Canario, Adelino V.m.; Mouchel, Olivier; Muñoz-cueto, José Antonio.
Anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have generated rapid variations in atmospheric composition which drives major climate changes. Climate change related effects include changes in physico-chemical proprieties of sea and freshwater, such as variations in water temperature, salinity, pH/PCO2 and oxygen content, which can impact fish critical physiological functions including reproduction. In this context, the main aim of the present review is to discuss how climate change related effects (variation in water temperature and salinity, increases in duration and frequency of hypoxia events, water acidification) would impact reproduction by affecting the neuroendocrine axis (brain-pituitary-gonad axis). Variations in temperature and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Fish reproduction; Gonads; Neuroendocrine regulation; Environmental control; Temperature.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00609/72079/70796.pdf

Predictive systems ecology
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Evans, Matthew R.; Bithell, Mike; Cornell, Stephen J.; Dall, Sasha R. X.; Diaz, Sandra; Emmott, Stephen; Ernande, Bruno; Grimm, Volker; Hodgson, David J.; Lewis, Simon L.; Mace, Georgina M.; Morecroft, Michael; Moustakas, Aristides; Murphy, Eugene; Newbold, Tim; Norris, K. J.; Petchey, Owen; Smith, Matthew; Travis, Justin M. J.; Benton, Tim G.
Human societies, and their well-being, depend to a significant extent on the state of the ecosystems that surround them. These ecosystems are changing rapidly usually in response to anthropogenic changes in the environment. To determine the likely impact of environmental change on ecosystems and the best ways to manage them, it would be desirable to be able to predict their future states. We present a proposal to develop the paradigm of predictive systems ecology, explicitly to understand and predict the properties and behaviour of ecological systems. We discuss the necessary and desirable features of predictive systems ecology models. There are places where predictive systems ecology is already being practised and we summarize a range of terrestrial and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modelling; Systems ecology; Climate change; Ecosystem assessment.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00177/28816/27291.pdf

Coastal upwelling in the eastern Gulf of California
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Lluch-cota, Salvador Emilio.
Understanding and quantifying upwelling is of great importance for marine resource management. Direct measurement of this process is extremely difficult and observed time-series do not exist. However, proxies are commonly derived from different data; most commonly wind-derived. A local wind-derived coastal upwelling index (CUI) is reported for the period 1970-1996 and is considered representative for the eastern central Gulf of California, an important fishing area where no proxies exist. The index is well related to pigment concentration distribution, surface water temperature, and population dynamics of important fish resources over the seasonal time-scale. There is a biological response to ENSO activity not reflected by this index, indicating that...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Upwelling; Golfe de Californie; Variabilité saisonnière; Changement climatique; Upwelling; Gulf of California; Seasonality; Climate change.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00323/43381/42831.pdf

Trait structure and redundancy determine sensitivity to disturbance in marine fish communities
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Mclean, Matthew; Auber, Arnaud; Graham, Nicholas A J; Houk, Peter; Villéger, Sébastien; Violle, Cyrille; Thuiller, Wilfried; Wilson, Shaun K.; Mouillot, David.
‘Functional’ diversity is believed to influence ecosystem dynamics through links between organismal traits and ecosystem processes. Theory predicts that key traits and high trait redundancy – large species richness and abundance supporting the same traits – can buffer communities against environmental disturbances. While experiments and data from simple ecological systems lend support, large‐scale evidence from diverse, natural systems under major disturbance is lacking. Here, using long‐term data from both temperate (English Channel) and tropical (Seychelles Islands) fishes, we show that sensitivity to disturbance depends on communities’ initial trait structure and initial trait redundancy. In both ecosystems, we found that increasing dominance by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Coral reefs; Diversity stability; Ecological traits; Ecosystem functioning; English Channel; Functional diversity.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00490/60184/63525.pdf

Ecological and socioeconomic strategies to sustain Caribbean coral reefs in a high-CO2 world
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Andersson, Andreas J.; Venn, Alexander A.; Pendleton, Linwood; Brathwaite, Angelique; Camp, Emma; Cooley, Sarah; Gedhill, Dwight; Koch, Marguerite; Maliki, Samir; Manfrino, Carrie.
The Caribbean and Western Atlantic region hosts one of the world’s most diverse geopolitical regions and a unique marine biota distinct from tropical seas in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. While this region varies in human population density, GDP and wealth, coral reefs, and their associated ecosystem services, are central to people’s livelihoods. Unfortunately, the region’s reefs have experienced extensive degradation over the last several decades. This degradation has been attributed to a combination of disease, overfishing, and multiple pressures from other human activities. Furthermore, the Caribbean region has experienced rapid ocean warming and acidification as a result of climate change that will continue and accelerate throughout the 21st century....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Caribbean; Coral reef; Restoration; Climate change; Ocean acidification; Ecosystem services.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00495/60684/64180.pdf

Climate impacts on the ocean are making the Sustainable Development Goals a moving target travelling away from us
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Singh, Gerald G.; Hilmi, Nathalie; Bernhardt, Joey R.; Cisneros Montemayor, Andres M.; Cashion, Madeline; Ota, Yoshitaka; Acar, Sevil; Brown, Jason M.; Cottrell, Richard; Djoundourian, Salpie; González‐espinosa, Pedro C.; Lam, Vicky; Marshall, Nadine; Neumann, Barbara; Pascal, Nicolas; Reygondeau, Gabriel; Rocklӧv, Joacim; Safa, Alain; Virto, Laura R.; Cheung, William.
Climate change is impacting marine ecosystems and their goods and services in diverse ways, which can directly hinder our ability to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), set out under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Through expert elicitation and a literature review, we find that most climate change effects have a wide variety of negative consequences across marine ecosystem services, though most studies have highlighted impacts from warming and consequences of marine species. Climate change is expected to negatively influence marine ecosystem services through global stressors—such as ocean warming and acidification—but also by amplifying local and regional stressors such as freshwater runoff and pollution load. Experts indicated...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Expert elicitation; Marine ecosystem services; Ocean sustainability; Sustainable Development Goals.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00636/74858/75256.pdf

Shells of the bivalve Astarte moerchi give new evidence of a strong pelagic-benthic coupling shift occurring since the late 1970s in the North Water polynya
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Olivier, Frederic; Gaillard, Blandine; Thebault, Julien; Meziane, Tarik; Tremblay, Rejean; Dumont, Dany; Belanger, Simon; Gosselin, Michel; Jolivet, Aurelie; Chauvaud, Laurent; Martel, Andre L.; Rysgaard, Soren; Olivier, Anne-helene; Pettre, Julien; Mars, Jerome; Gerber, Silvain; Archambault, Philippe.
Climate changes in the Arctic may weaken the currently tight pelagic-benthic coupling. In response to decreasing sea ice cover, arctic marine systems are expected to shift from a 'sea-ice algae-benthos' to a 'phytoplankton-zooplankton' dominance. We used mollusc shells as bioarchives and fatty acid trophic markers to estimate the effects of the reduction of sea ice cover on the food exported to the seafloor. Bathyal bivalve Astarte moerchi living at 600m depth in northern Baffin Bay reveals a clear shift in growth variations and Ba/Ca ratios since the late 1970s, which we relate to a change in food availability. Tissue fatty acid compositions show that this species feeds mainly on microalgae exported from the euphotic zone to the seabed. We, therefore,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Arctic; Climate change; Sclerochronology; Pelagic-benthic coupling; Match; Mismatch hypothesis; Bivalve growth.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00686/79854/82695.pdf

Arctic Ocean freshwater content and its decadal memory of sea-level pressure
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Johnson, Helen L.; Cornish, Sam B.; Kostov, Yavor; Beer, Emma; Lique, Camille.
Arctic freshwater content (FWC) has increased significantly over the last two decades, with potential future implications for the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation downstream. We investigate the relationship between Arctic FWC and atmospheric circulation in the control run of a coupled climate model. Multiple linear lagged regression is used to extract the response of total Arctic FWC to a hypothetical step increase in the principal components of sea‐level pressure. The results demonstrate that the FWC adjusts on a decadal timescale, consistent with the idea that wind‐driven ocean dynamics and eddies determine the response of Arctic Ocean circulation and properties to a change in surface forcing, as suggested by idealized models and theory....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Arctic Ocean; Climate change; Interannual variability; Freshwater; Adjustment timescales; Ocean dynamics.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00440/55117/56571.pdf

The impact of climate change on the fish community structure of the eastern continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Poulard, Jean-charles; Blanchard, Fabian.
Many fish species are at the southern or northern limit of their distribution range tit the Bay of Biscay, where large-scale hydroclimatic changes have occurred in recent decades. We attempt here to identify the impact of these changes on the fish community of the eastern continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay. Data collected during 14 autumn groundfish surveys in 1973 and from 1987 to 2002 are used. The study area is between latitudes 48 degrees 30'N and 43 degrees 30'N while the depth ranges from 15 to 200 m. Annual abundance indices (number of individuals per km(2)) of 56 fish taxa present on average in at least 5% of the tows are computed. Multivariate analysis is used to detect temporal trends in these species' abundance indices. Assuming that...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Groundfish surveys; Fish community; Climate change; Bay of Biscay.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-824.pdf

Collaborative Science to Enhance Coastal Resilience and Adaptation
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Nichols, C. Reid; Wright, Lynn D.; Bainbridge, Scott J.; Cosby, Arthur; Henaff, Alain; Loftis, Jon D.; Cocquempot, Lucie; Katragadda, Sridhar; Mendez, Gina R.; Letortu, Pauline; Le Dantec, Nicolas; Resio, Donald; Zarillo, Gary.
Impacts from natural and anthropogenic coastal hazards are substantial and increasing significantly with climate change. Coasts and coastal communities are increasingly at risk. In addition to short-term events, long-term changes, including rising sea levels, increasing storm intensity, and consequent severe compound flooding events are degrading coastal ecosystems and threatening coastal dwellers. Consequently, people living near the coast require environmental intelligence in the form of reliable short-term and long-term predictions in order to anticipate, prepare for, adapt to, resist, and recover from hazards. Risk-informed decision making is crucial, but for the resulting information to be actionable, it must be effectively and promptly communicated...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coastal observations; Numerical models; Coastal flooding; Big data; Collaboration; Community vulnerability; Climate change; Urban coasts.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00637/74921/75770.pdf

Bonga shad (   Ethmalosa fimbriata   ) spawning tactics in an upwelling environment
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Baldé, Bocar Sabaly; Döring, Julian; Ekau, Werner; Diouf, Malick; Brehmer, Patrice.
Successful recruitment in small pelagic fish populations inhabiting upwelling zones is subject to variation in fecundity and is driven by spatial and temporal fluctuations in environmental conditions, that is, mainly sea surface temperature, salinity and food availability. These fluctuations in abiotic factors have stimulated small pelagic fish populations to exhibit specifically adapted spawning tactics. To better understand to what extent a short‐lived exploited fish species such as bonga shad Ethmalosa fimbriata has adapted to an upwelling environment, we have investigated the interrelationship between upwelling intensity as a proxy for productivity and population fecundity by means of a virtual population analysis. We found that females of intermediate...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Clupeid; Data-poor fisheries; Fecundity; Optimal environmental window; Reproductive adaptation; Small pelagic fish.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00516/62765/67164.pdf

Mitigation of sea level rise effects by addition of sediment to shrimp ponds
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Della Patrona, Luc; Beliaeff, Benoit; Pickering, T.
In New Caledonia barren salt-pans located landward to mangroves are used for the construction of shrimp ponds. The existing farms are jeopardized by the projected rise in the sea level, because the landward boundaries of ponds are situated at the elevation reached by spring tides. One low-cost strategy for mitigating the effects of sea level rise is to raise the level of the bottom of ponds. To test the effectiveness of such an adaptation, we built 4 experimental ponds in the low-lying zone of an existing 10 ha shrimp pond. The level of the bottom of 2 ponds was raised by adding about 15 cm of agricultural soil. Placing agricultural soil in the pond did not impair the functioning of the shrimp pond ecosystem. On the contrary, it resulted in unexpectedly...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Sea-level rise; Shrimp pond; Sediment enhancement; Biogeochemistry; Infaunal assemblages; New Caledonia.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00069/18030/15570.pdf

Evidence for the Range Expansion of Ciguatera in French Polynesia: A Revisit of the 2009 Mass-Poisoning Outbreak in Rapa Island (Australes Archipelago)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Chinain, Mireille; Mahana Iti Gatti, Clémence; Ung, André; Cruchet, Philippe; Revel, Taina; Viallon, Jérôme; Sibat, Manoella; Varney, Patrick; Laurent, Victoire; Hess, Philipp; Taiana Darius, Hélène.
Ciguatera poisoning (CP) results from the consumption of seafood contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs). This disease is highly prevalent in French Polynesia with several well-identified hotspots. Rapa Island, the southernmost inhabited island in the country, was reportedly free of CP until 2007. This study describes the integrated approach used to investigate the etiology of a fatal mass-poisoning outbreak that occurred in Rapa in 2009. Symptoms reported in patients were evocative of ciguatera. Several Gambierdiscus field samples collected from benthic assemblages tested positive by the receptor binding assay (RBA). Additionally, the toxicity screening of ≈250 fish by RBA indicated ≈78% of fish could contain CTXs. The presence of CTXs in fish was confirmed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ciguatera poisoning; French Polynesia; Gambierdiscus; Ciguatoxins; Epidemiology; Toxicological analyses; Risk management; Climate change.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00662/77362/78933.pdf

An early-life hypoxia event has a long-term impact on protein digestion and growth in European sea bass juvenile.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Zambonino, Jose-luis; Mazurais, David; Dubuc, Alexia; Queau, Pierre; Vanderplancke, Gwenaelle; Servili, Arianna; Cahu, Chantal; Le Bayon, Nicolas; Huelvan, Christine; Claireaux, Guy.
Ocean warming, eutrophication and consequent decrease in oxygen lead to smaller average fish size. Although such responses are well-known in an evolutionary context, involving multiple generations, it appears to be incompatible with current rapid environmental change. Rather, phenotypic plasticity could provide a means for marine fish to cope with rapid environmental changes. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying plastic responses to environmental conditions that favour small phenotypes.  Our aim was to investigate how and why European sea bass that had experienced a short episode of moderate hypoxia during their larval stage subsequently exhibited a growth depression at the juvenile stage compared to the control group.  We examined...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Digestive enzymes; Dicentrarchus labrax; Growth; Hypoxia; Respirometry.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00373/48407/48635.pdf

Coastal waters freshening and extreme seasonality affect organic matter sources, quality, and transfers in a High Arctic fjord (Young Sound, Greenland)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bridier, Guillaume; Meziane, Tarik; Grall, Jacques; Chauvaud, Laurent; Sejr, Mikael Kristian; Menneteau, Sylvain; Olivier, Frederic.
Arctic benthic ecosystems are expected to experience strong modifications in the dynamics of primary producers and/or benthic-pelagic coupling under climate change. However, lack of knowledge about the influence of physical constraints (e.g. ice-melting associated gradients) on organic matter sources, quality, and transfers in systems such as fjords can impede predictions of the evolution of benthic-pelagic coupling in response to global warming. Here, sources and quality of particulate organic matter (POM) and sedimentary organic matter (SOM) were characterized along an inner-outer gradient in a High Artic fjord (Young Sound, NE Greenland) exposed to extreme seasonal and physical constraints (ice-melting associated gradients). The influence of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Arctic ecosystems; Benthic-pelagic coupling; Organic matter; Climate change; Fatty acids; Stable isotopes; Young Sound.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00492/60318/67180.pdf

Climate Change Influences Carrying Capacity in a Coastal Embayment Dedicated to Shellfish Aquaculture
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Guyondet, T.; Comeau, L. A.; Bacher, Cedric; Grant, J.; Rosland, R.; Sonier, R.; Filgueira, R.
A spatially explicit coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model was developed to study a coastal ecosystem under the combined effects of mussel aquaculture, nutrient loading and climate change. The model was applied to St Peter's Bay (SPB), Prince Edward Island, Eastern Canada. Approximately 40 % of the SPB area is dedicated to mussel (Mytilus edulis) longline culture. Results indicate that the two main food sources for mussels, phytoplankton and organic detritus, are most depleted in the central part of the embayment. Results also suggest that the system is near its ultimate capacity, a state where the energy cycle is restricted to nitrogen-phytoplankton-detritus-mussels with few resources left to be transferred to higher trophic levels. Annually, mussel...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Nutrient loading; Mussel culture; Carrying capacity; Coastal ecosystem; Numerical modelling.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00275/38624/37191.pdf

Are sea surface temperature satellite measurements reliable proxies of lagoon temperature in the south pacific?
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Van Wynsberge, Simon; Menkes, Christophe; Le Gendre, Romain; Passfield, Teuru; Andrefouet, Serge.
In remote coral reef environments, lagoon and reef in situ measurements of temperature are scarce. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) measured by satellite has been frequently used as a proxy of the lagoon temperature experienced by coral reef organisms (TL) especially during coral bleaching events. However, the link between SST and TL is poorly characterized. First, we compared the correlation between various SST series and TL from 2012 to 2016 in three atolls and one island in the Central South Pacific Ocean. Simple linear correlation between SST and TL ranged between 0.44 and 0.97 depending on lagoons, localities of sensors, and type of SST data. High-resolution-satellite-measurements of SST inside the lagoons did not outperform oceanic SST series,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Atoll lagoon; Pacific islands; Reef aperture; Climate change; Sea Surface Temperature.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00403/51491/52087.pdf

Analyse des déterminants environnementaux de la variabilité du recrutement - approche macroécologique appliquée aux populations exploitées du Nord-Est Atlantique
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Brunel, Thomas.
Recruitment - the number of young fishes that integrate each year the exploitable stock¿ has a central importance for stock dynamics. The high temporal variability in recruitment is a result of the environmental influence on survival during early life stages. Understanding the determinism of the influence of environment on recruitment remains one of the most important question in fisheries ecology. The present work aimed at answering some general questions about the influence of environment on fish recruitment using a macroecological approach. The study focused on the exploited fish populations of the Northeastern Atlantic. The first chapter of the thesis makes a review of the different methods used to estimate recruitment, compares recruitment estimates...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Time series; Recruitment variability; Regime shift; Recruitment synchrony; North East Atlantic; NAO; Long term trends; Environmental influence; Effect of temperature; Effect of fishing; Climate change; Biogeography; Variabilité du recrutement; Synchronisme; Séries chronologiques; Tendances à long terme; NAO; Influence de l'environnement; Effet de la température; Effet de la pêche; Changement de régime; Changement climatique; Biogéographie; Atlantique Nord Est.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/these-1113.pdf

The Ocean Decade: A True Ecosystem Modeling Challenge
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Heymans, Johanna J.; Bundy, Alida; Christensen, Villy; Coll, Marta; De Mutsert, Kim; Fulton, Elizabeth A.; Piroddi, Chiara; Shin, Yunne-jai; Steenbeek, Jeroen; Travers-trolet, Morgane.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ocean Decade; Ecosystem modeling; Climate change; Ecosystem based management (EBM); Sustainable development goals (SDG).
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00652/76379/77386.pdf

Modelling the marine eutrophication: A review
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Menesguen, Alain; Lacroix, Genevieve.
In the frame of a national, joint scientific appraisal, 45 scientific French-speaking experts have been mandated in 2015–2016 by the French ministries of Environment and Agriculture to perform a global review of scientific literature dealing with the eutrophication phenomenon, in freshwater as well as in marine waters. This paper summarizes the main results of this review restricted to a sub-domain, the modelling approach of the marine eutrophication. After recalling the different aims pursued, an overview is given on the historical time course of this modelling effort, its world distribution and the various tools used. Then, the main results obtained are examined, highlighting the specific strengths and weaknesses of the present models. Needs for future...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine eutrophication; Biogeochemical models; Deterministic versus statistical; Nutrient reduction scenarios; Land-sea coupling; Climate change.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00439/55066/56546.pdf

Genesis, evolution, and future of a long-term study of small mammals in South America
Provedor de dados: Mastozoología Neotropical
Autores: Meserve,Peter L.
Since 1989, I have been involved in a long-term ecological study in the semiarid zone of north-central Chile. To date it has uncovered many exciting aspects of the structure and functioning of the unusual biota here. However, the genesis of this project actually dates back to 1973 when I first saw the study area in Parque Nacional Bosque Fray Jorge as a visiting professor at the Universidad Católica de Chile in Santiago. At that time, I initiated a small mammal live-trapping study in collaboration with Eric Le Boulengé of Belgium. Little did we know that the basic data we collected on small mammal populations, diets, and predators then would lead to the installation of what is now the longest run­ning field manipulation in temperate South America. In this...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; El Niño Southern Oscilla­tions (ENSOs); Long-term studies; North-central Chile; Semiarid ecology.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-93832016000100002

Global warming and the change of butterfly distributions: a new opportunity for species diversity or a severe threat (Lepidoptera)?
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Ryrholm, N.
Global warming and the change of butterfly distributions: a new opportunity for species diversity or a severe threat (Lepidoptera)?   In order to assess the influence of climatic changes on the distribution of insects, the ranges of nonmigratory European butterfly species have been studied. This study revealed that the northern limits of 32 (64%) of 52 species have expanded northwards during the 20th century. The southern limits of ten (25%) of 40 species have retracted northwards. The example of the Peacock butterfly (Inachis io) is given to illustrate the response to climatic changes of a species of which the range is not restricted by habitat choice. The northern limit of its range shows a considerable shift to the north during warm periods, and a...
Tipo: Article in monograph or in proceedings
Palavras-chave: Lepidoptera; Europe; Changes in ranges; Climate change; Inachis io; 42.75.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/219847

High evolutionary potential of marine zooplankton
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Peijnenburg, K.T.C.A.; Goetze, E.
Open ocean zooplankton often have been viewed as slowly evolving species that have limited capacity to respond adaptively to changing ocean conditions. Hence, attention has focused on the ecological responses of zooplankton to current global change, including range shifts and changing phenology. Here, we argue that zooplankton also are well poised for evolutionary responses to global change. We present theoretical arguments that suggest plankton species may respond rapidly to selection on mildly beneficial mutations due to exceptionally large population size, and consider the circumstantial evidence that supports our inference that selection may be particularly important for these species. We also review all primary population genetic studies of open ocean...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Marine; Oceanic; Selection; Zooplankton; 42.72; 42.94.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/470572

Changes in ranges of hoverflies in the Netherlands in the 20th century (Diptera: Syrphidae)
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Reemer, M.; Smit, J.T.; Steenis, W. van.
Changes in ranges of hoverflies in the Netherlands in the 20th century (Diptera: Syrphidae)   In July 2001 the database of the Netherlands Syrphidae Recording Scheme contained approximately 200 000 records of Syrphidae. This database was used to examine changes in the hoverfly fauna of the Netherlands during the 20th century. The dataset was divided into two parts, before and since 1988, containing equal numbers of records. This revealed that there is a significant increase in the distribution of hoverfly species with saproxylic larvae. Probably this is a consequence of the changes in woodland management that have taken place in the past 20 years. Another result of the trend analysis is the conclusion that there is a high proportion of southern species...
Tipo: Article in monograph or in proceedings
Palavras-chave: Syrphidae; Trends; Netherlands; Saproxylic species; Climate change; 42.75.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/219854

The apparent influence of climatic change on recent changes of range by European insects (Lepidoptera, Orthoptera)
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Burton, J.F.
The apparent influence of climatic change on recent changes of range by European insects (Lepidoptera, Orthoptera)   For several years I have been collecting data concerning changes in the ranges of European insects, especially Lepidoptera and Orthoptera. The vast majority of those species which have altered their ranges since 1850 have spread to the north, north-west or west (e.g. 96% of the Lepidoptera expanding their ranges). Of the smaller number of species where the range has contracted, the majority (e.g. 75% of the Lepidoptera) have retreated southwards, south-westwards or south-eastwards. I have attempted to correlate these range changes with the main climatic fluctuations from 1850 to the present. Throughout this long period of predominately...
Tipo: Article in monograph or in proceedings
Palavras-chave: Europe; Range change; Insects; Climate change; Lepidoptera; Orthoptera; Greenhouse effect; 42.75.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/219849

Butterflies for the new millennium: mapping butterfly distributions in Britain (Lepidoptera)
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Fox, R.; Warren, M.; Harding, P.; Asher, J.; Jeffcoate, G.; Jeffcoate, S.
Butterflies for the new millennium: mapping butterfly distributions in Britain (Lepidoptera)   Butterflies for the New Millennium is the largest and most comprehensive survey of butterfly distribution ever undertaken in Britain and Ireland. The number of contributing recorders, the coverage achieved and the number and quality of distribution records generated far exceed those available for any other invertebrate taxon. The data thus provide a unique insight into the effects of habitat degradation and climate change on a high profile insect group. The results of the first five years of the survey (1995-1999) have been analysed to assess broad-scale distribution changes over the past two decades and the past two centuries. In both time periods, the British...
Tipo: Article in monograph or in proceedings
Palavras-chave: Butterfly recording; Butterfly distribution; Habitat degredation; Climate change; Biodiversity; Conservation; Indicator species; 42.75.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/219857

An approach to calculate a Species Temperature Index for flora based on open data
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Sparrius, L.B.; Top, G.G. van den; Swaay, C.A.M. van.
To study the relation between changes in local plant communities and shifts in temperature, the temperature niches of the species need to be defined. We calculated the Species Temperature Index (STI) as a proxy for this niche. STI is defined as the mean annual temperature within the range of a species. In this paper, a method is described to calculate the STI for the European flora from open data provided by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and WorldClim global climate data, for 7254 taxa of European vascular plants, bryophytes, algae, and ascomycetes including lichens. The algorithm accounts for incomplete and unbalanced species distribution data. The Community Temperature Index (CTI) is defined as the weighted mean of the STIs of a...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Ascomycotina; Bryophytes; Climate change; GBIF; Open data; Plantae; R; Bootstrapping; STI; WorldClim.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/669071

Changes in ranges: invertebrates on the move. Proceedings of the 13th International Colloquium of the European Invertebrate Survey, Leiden, 2-5 September 2001
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Reemer, M.; Helsdingen, P.J. van; Kleukers, R.M.J.C.
Tipo: Book (monograph)
Palavras-chave: Distribution; Range; Climate change; Expansion; 42.74.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/219848

Population dynamics of the migratory fish Prochilodus lineatus in a neotropical river: the relationships with river discharge, flood pulse, El Niño and fluvial megafan behaviour
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Stassen,Marinke J. M.; van de Ven,Max W. P. M.; van der Heide,Tjisse; Hiza,Marco Antonio Guerrero; van der Velde,Gerard; Smolders,Alfons J. P.
The relative importance of flood pulse dynamics and megafan behaviour for the Sábalo (Prochilodus lineatus) catches in the neotropical Pilcomayo River is studied. The Sábalo catches can mainly be explained by decreased river discharges in the preceding years resulting in smaller inundated areas during rainy season floods and thereby in a decreased area of feeding grounds for the fishes. The decreased river discharges and the related decline of Sábalo catches in the 1990's can be linked to the 90-95 El Niño event. In 2007 the Sábalo catches were comparable to the catches before the "El Niño" event. The connectivity (continuity) between the main river and flood plain areas, which is influenced by sedimentation processes, is also of great importance and very...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sedimentation; Climate change; Sábalo; Gonadal development; Flood Pulse Concept.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252010000100014

Effect of Climate Change on frost penetration depth and feature of soil freezing
Provedor de dados: Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Academic Repository (OAK)
Autores: 土谷, 富士夫.
土の凍結と室内凍上試験方法に関するシンポジウム. 2001年10月5日, 北海道大学.
Palavras-chave: Frost penetration depth; Climate change; Frost action; Snow cover.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/2880

Larch forest growth and climate reconstruction based on tree-ring analysis during the last century in northern Mongolia
Provedor de dados: Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Academic Repository (OAK)
Autores: Lopez, C.M.L; Ishida, S.; Takeda, K.; Nobori, Y.; Mizota, C.; Byambasuren, M.; 武田, 一夫.
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Forest fires; Larix sibirica; Northern Mongolia; Tree-rings.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3907

Global Environmental Change And Food Provision In Southern Africa: Explorations For A Possible Gecafs Research Project In Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Arntzen, J.; Muchero, M.; Dube, P.
This report is the result of a brief study that has been carried out in the period December 2003 to February 2004 by Jaap Arntzen, Pauline Dube and Martin Muchero for the Programme Office of the Global Environmental Change and Food Systems Programme,UK.
Tipo: Other
Palavras-chave: Environmental impact; Climate change; Food supply; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3029.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/691

Seychelles, Initial National Communication. Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
The Republic of Seychelles acceded to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on the 22nd September 1992, being the second country to do so. Likewise, the Seychelles was one of the earliest countries to sign the Kyoto Protocol on the 20th March 1998. The Initial National Communication to the UNFCCC by the Seychelles reflects our continued commitment to the process. Although the guidelines provided for the preparation of initial national communications by non-Annex I Parties do not place much emphasis on issues of vulnerability, adaptation and capacity building, my country is convinced that without sufficient attention given to these issues many small island states will not be able to cope with the impacts of climate change. The...
Tipo: Proceedings Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/323

Cambio climático
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Sánchez Campos, L.; Rodríguez, L.M.; Sansón Abascal, C.M.
Para entender esta problemática, en lenguaje ameno y didáctico, profusamente ilustrado se ofrecen conceptos importantes como efecto invernadero, calentamiento global, zonas vulnerables, entre otros. Describe además que han hecho, hacen y harán los niños cubanos para mitigar el cambio climático. Al final, pueden comprobar los conocimientos adquiridos a través de  juegos y conocer nuevas palabras en el glosario ofrecido.
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Climate; Climate change; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4210

Union des Comores - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: Initial National Communication on Climate Change.
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
The studies made in the context of this Initial National Communication on Climate Change are based on the findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 1 study on impacts and adaptation of Indian Ocean small island states. Changes in climate to be anticipated in Comoros by year 2050 are estimated to be a raise in mean annual air temperature to an average of 28°C, a change that represents a 1°C increase compared to the current situation. A sea level increase of 4 mm/year for a total increase of 20 cm by 2050 is also expected. Expected impacts are the intrusion of salted water in the coastal aquifers; an increase in the occurrence of malaria and of collective food poisoning resulting from consumption of marine animals 2; a decrease in crop...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental effects; Climate change; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/643

Adaptation to Climate Change in the Developing World
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Huq, S.; Adger, W.N.; Brown, K.; Hulme, M.
The world’s climate is changing and will continue to change into the coming century at rates projected to be unprecedented in recent human history. The risks associated with these changes are real but highly uncertain. Societal vulnerability to the risks associated with climate change may exacerbate ongoing social and economic challenges, particularly for those parts of societies dependent on resources that are sensitive to changes in climate. Risks are apparent in agriculture, fisheries and many other components that constitute the livelihood of rural populations in developing countries. In this paper we explore the nature of risk and vulnerability in the context of climate change and review the evidence on present-day adaptation in developing countries...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Vulnerability; Climate change; Environmental policy; Developing countries; Climate change; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/833

Nigeria’s First National Communication. Under the United Nations Framework Conventin on Climate Change.
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Nigeria with a total area of 923,800 sq km occupies about 14% of land area in West Africa. The country lies between 4oN and 14oN, and between 3oE and 15oE. It is bordered respectively in the north, east, and west by Niger, the Cameroon, and Benin Republic, while the Gulf of Guinea, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean, forms the southern border. Most of Nigeria is covered with Pre- Cambrian rocks, but there are also metamorphic and sedimentary rocks of Eocene times as well as volcanic rocks. In general, three types of geologic structures exist in Nigeria, namely, areas of uplift, basins of sedimentation, and isolated volcanic areas. The areas of uplift are made up of the oldest rocks in Nigeria - the basement complex rocks. The basins of sedimentation are the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Environmental effects; Climate change; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/794

Coral Bleaching in the Indian Ocean: Socio-Economic Assessment of Effects
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Cesar, H.S.J.; Westmacott, Susie; Pet-Soede, L.; Lindén, O.
The mean temperature on the planet is increasing. The rate of this increase appears to be accelerating and is at present approximately 2 degrees per century. 1998 was the warmest year since temperature recordings started some 150 years ago. Similarly the 1990s was the warmest decade. In addition, 1997 and 1998 saw the strongest El Niño ever recorded. As a consequence of this, very high water temperatures were observed in many parts of the oceans, particularly in the tropical areas. Due to the high water temperatures, the corals over much of the world bleached and subsequently died. In 1997–98, massive mortality occurred particularly among corals of the Indian Ocean. The reefs of Sri Lanka, Maldives, India, Kenya, Tanzania, and Seychelles were particularly...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Coral reefs; Climate change; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/563

Namibia Upwelling: Ocean Meadows off tthe Desert
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Berger, W.H.; Lange, C.B.; Wefer, G.
A central finding of the ocean drilling expedition off Namibia and South Africa (Leg 175, 1997) is that the history of the intense coastal upwelling in that region is intimately tied into global climate change and the geochemistry of the deep ocean. The high productivity associated with this flow of cool, nutrient-dense deep water upwards along the coast cannot simply be described as a progressive increase of productivity that began ten million years ago. Instead, physical upwelling of cold water follows global cooling rather closely, while silicate content of the water (crucial for diatom production) runs out of phase with upwelling but is highly correlated with changes in thermohaline circulation.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Coastal upwelling; Climate change; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/552

Multisite Record of Climate Change from Indian Ocean Corals
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Grumet, N.S.; Dunbar, R.B.; Cole, J.E.
Coral records from coastal East Africa spanning 2° to 7°S (Kiwayu, Malindi, Watamu, Mombasa, Kisite, and Mafia) demonstrate that isotopic tracers preserved within coral aragonite accurately record intraseasonal to interannual changes in sea surface temperature. The strong seasonal signal observed at all six sites most likely reflects sea surface temperature variability forced by ocean circulation and reversals in wind direction associated with the Indo-African Monsoon. Strong southwesterly winds during the Southwest Monsoon initiate evaporative cooling and mixing, resulting in a sea surface temperature minimum in the late boreal summer. Coral δ180 values are higher during this period. Reproducibility in the coral δ180 signal between sites indicates that an...
Tipo: Proceedings Paper
Palavras-chave: Coral reefs; Environmental impact; Climate change; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/679

Environmental Change and the Vulnerability of Pastoralists to Drought: A Case Study of the Maasai in Amboseli, Kenya
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Western, D.; Manzolillo Nightingale, D.L.
Chapter Three of the Africa Environment Outlook Report is concerned with the impact of environmental change on human vulnerability. The Report considers vulnerability in the context of exposure to environmental hazards (contingencies, shocks and stresses) and the coping capabilities of people. In this case study, we will show that the Maasai of Kajiado district in Kenya (as well as other pastoralists) face two distinct types of environmental hazards. The first includes climatic uncertainty and drought. The second hazard consists of the environmental changes driven by shifts in land use patterns. Whereas the Maasai have well developed and intricate strategies for coping with the first type of environmental hazard, the impact of the second set of hazards has...
Tipo: Other
Palavras-chave: Droughts; Climate change; Pastoralism; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16144.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/436

Implications of Expected Climate Change in the Eastern  African Coastal Region: an Overview
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Ogallo, L.J.; Alusa, A.L.
Anticipated global warming as a result of the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere was the most important subject discussed during the fifteenth session of the Governing Council of UNEP and at the Second World Climate Conference. The so-called greenhouse effect is a most pressing environmental problem to the extent that it involves many scientific disciplines and hence presents major challenges. The greenhouse gases (CO2,' CFCs, CH4, N2O, O3, etc.) have the effect of changing the atmosphere's radiative balance by trapping more heat near the earth's surface resulting in a rise in global mean surface temperature. It is now clear that if the burning of fossil fuel continues at the present rate, global warming is a virtual certainty.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Global warming; Climate change; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/825

Development And Climate Change In Egypt: Focus On Coastal Resources
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: El Raey, M.; Hagenstad, M.; Smith, J.; Agrawala, S.; van Aalst, M.; Conway, D.; Moehner, A.
This report presents the integrated case study for Egypt carried out under an OECD project on Development and Climate Change. The report is structured around a three-tiered framework. First, recent climate trends and climate change scenarios for Egypt are assessed and key sectoral impacts are identified and ranked along multiple indicators to establish priorities for adaptation. Second, donor portfolios are analyzed to examine the proportion of development assistance activities affected by climate risks. A desk analysis of donor strategies and project documents as well as national plans is conducted to assess the degree of attention to climate change concerns in development planning and assistance. Third, an in-depth analysis is conducted for coastal zones...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Coastal zone; Climate change; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/640

Temporal and spatial variation of soil respiration under mulching in a greenhouse cucumber cultivation
Provedor de dados: Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
Autores: Mu,Lan; Fang,Lan; Liang,YinLi.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the temporal and spatial variations of soil respiration (Rs) in a greenhouse, as well as the factors causing them, in a soil covered with different mulching types and cultivated with cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Four mulching treatments were applied to a soil cultivated with cucumber: CK, conventional practice without mulch; FM, plastic film mulch; CM, combined mulch of plastic film with wheat straw; and SM, wheat straw mulch. Rs was measured by a soil respiration chamber connected to a portable infrared gas analyzer, and the differences of Rs between mulchings were evaluated. Rs was significantly lower in the control than in the treatments with mulch. In addition, Rs was higher in the position on the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cucumis sativus; Climate change; Soil CO2 emission; Soil quality.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2016000700869

Plant growth and leaf-spot severity on eucalypt at different CO2concentrations in the air
Provedor de dados: Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
Autores: Silva,Carlos Eduardo Oliveira da; Ghini,Raquel.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of increased air-CO2 concentration on plant growth and on leaf-spot caused by Cylindrocladium candelabrumin Eucalyptus urophylla. Seedlings were cultivated for 30 days at 451, 645, 904, and 1,147 µmol mol-1 CO2 ; then, they were inoculated with the pathogen and kept under the same conditions for seven days. Increased CO2concentration increased plant height and shoot dry matter mass, and decreased disease incidence and severity. Stem diameter was not affected by the treatments. Increased concentrations of atmospheric CO2 favorably affect eucalypt growth and reduce leaf-spot severity.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Cylindrocladium candelabrum; Eucalyptus urophylla; Beneficial effects; Climate change; Disease incidence.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2014000300232

Soybean yield in future climate scenarios for the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Provedor de dados: Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
Autores: Cera,Jossana Ceolin; Streck,Nereu Augusto; Fensterseifer,Cesar Augusto Jarutais; Ferraz,Simone Erotildes Teleginski; Bexaira,Kelin Pribs; Silveira,Waleska Bolzon; Cardoso,Ânthony Paz.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to estimate the yield potential and the water-limited yield of soybean (Glycine max) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in two future climate scenarios, SRES A1B and RCP4.5, using the SoySim and Cropgro-Soybean simulation models. In both models, three maturity groups (4.8, 5.5, and 6.0) and six sowing dates (09/01, 10/01, 11/01, 12/01, 01/01, and 02/01) were considered in the SRES A1B-CMIP3 and RCP4.5-CMIP5 scenarios. The analyzed variable was grain yield at 13% moisture (Mg ha-1). Soybean yield potential in Rio Grande do Sul should increase up to the end of the 21st century, according to both scenarios. Water-limited yield of soybean also increases up to the end of the 21st century, by the SRES A1B-CMIP3...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Glycine max; Climate change; Cropgro-Soybean model; RCP4.5; SoySim model; SRES A1B.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2017000600380

A new method to simulate the hydrological state of soil under natural conditions
Provedor de dados: Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
Autores: Wild,Anna-Katharina; Marx,Michael Thomas; Eisenbeis,Gerhard.
Micro, macro and mesofauna in the soil often respond to fluctuating environmental conditions, resulting in changes of abundance and community structure. Effects of changing soil parameters are normally determined with samples taken in the field and brought to the laboratory, i.e. where natural environmental conditions may not apply. We devised a method (STAFD - soil tubes for artificial flood and drought), which simulates the hydrological state of soil in situ using implanted cores. Control tubes were compared with treatment tubes in which floods of 15, 30, 60 and 90 days, and droughts of 60, 90 and 120 days were simulated in the field. Flooding and drought were found to reduce number of individuals in all soil faunal groups, but the response to drought...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Drought; Flooding; Soil invertebrates; Soil tubes; STAFD method.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2009000800007

Is sustainability certification for biochar the answer to environmental risks?
Provedor de dados: Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
Autores: Cowie,Annette L.; Downie,Adriana E.; George,Brendan H.; Singh,Bhupinder-Pal; Van Zwieten,Lukas; O'Connell,Deborah.
Biochar has the potential to make a major contribution to the mitigation of climate change, and enhancement of plant production. However, in order for biochar to fulfill this promise, the industry and regulating bodies must take steps to manage potential environmental threats and address negative perceptions. The potential threats to the sustainability of biochar systems, at each stage of the biochar life cycle, were reviewed. We propose that a sustainability framework for biochar could be adapted from existing frameworks developed for bioenergy. Sustainable land use policies, combined with effective regulation of biochar production facilities and incentives for efficient utilization of energy, and improved knowledge of biochar impacts on ecosystem health...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Life cycle assessment; Risk management; Sustainable land management.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2012000500002

Nitrogen fluxes from irrigated common‑bean as affected by mulching and mineral fertilization
Provedor de dados: Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
Autores: Carvalho,Márcia Thaís de Melo; Madari,Beáta Emöke; Leal,Wesley Gabriel de Oliveira; Costa,Adriana Rodolfo da; Machado,Pedro Luiz Oliveira de Almeida; Silveira,Pedro Marques da; Moreira,José Aloísio Alves; Heinemann,Alexandre Bryan.
The objective of this work was to measure the fluxes of N2O‑N and NH3‑N throughout the growing season of irrigated common‑bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), as affected by mulching and mineral fertilization. Fluxes of N2O‑N and NH3‑N were evaluated in areas with or without Congo signal grass mulching (Urochloa ruziziensis) or mineral fertilization. Fluxes of N were also measured in a native Cerrado area, which served as reference. Total N2O‑N and NH3‑N emissions were positively related to the increasing concentrations of moisture, ammonium, and nitrate in the crop system, within 0.5 m soil depth. Carbon content in the substrate and microbial biomass within 0.1 m soil depth were favoured by Congo signal grass and related to higher emissions of N2O‑N, regardless of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cerrado; Climate change; Greenhouse gas; N fertilization; Nitrous oxide; No‑tillage.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2013000500003

Carbon concentration in structures of Arctostaphylos pungens HBK: An alternative CO2 sink in forests
Provedor de dados: Phyton: Revista Internacional de Botánica Experimental
Autores: Pompa-García,M; Jurado,E.
Arctostaphylos pungens HBK is a dominant species with increasing abundance and distribution in chaparral ecosystems as a result of range management and, possibly, changes in climate. The value of this species for carbon (C) sequestration is unknown, and the standard 50% C out of total tree biomass is used as an approximate value. In this study, we aim to determine the C concentration of the primary components of A. pungens. The total C expressed as a percentage of biomass was determined with a Solids TOC Analyzer. We found the C concentration to vary among components. Leaves exhibited the highest C concentration (51.70%). Roots (46.11%), stems (47.30%), fruits (47.89%) and twigs (48.40%) had similar C concentration. These results provided superior...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon sequestration; Climate change; Manzanita.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-56572015000200017

Elevated CO2 Concentrations and Water Stress Affect the Ability of Italian Ryegrass to Remediate Herbicides and Enhance its Allelopathic Effect
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: SILVEIRA,L.P.; FEIJÓ,A.R.; BENETTI,C.; REFATTI,J.P.; FIPKE,M.V.; CAMARGO,E.R.; ZISKA,L.H.; AVILA,L.A.
ABSTRACT: The long temporal persistence of select herbicides negatively impacts crops sown in succession to irrigated rice. One way to reduce these compounds in the soil over time is through phytoremediation. However, elevated CO2 concentrations may interfere with the phytoremediation process. Another consequence of climate change is the production of allelopathic compounds by forage species used as remedial agents. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of elevated CO2 concentration and drought stress on the remediation of soil samples contaminated with imazapyr + imazapic herbicides by Italian ryegrass and any subsequential affect on the allelopathic effect of this species. We report that the increasing CO2 decreased the phytoremediation potential of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Lolium multiflorum L.; Remediation; And allelopathy.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582019000100270

Response of imidazolinone-resistant and -susceptible weedy rice populations to imazethapyr and increased atmospheric CO2
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: B. Piveta,Leonard; Roma-Burgos,Nilda; Noldin,José A.; P. Refatti,João; Oliveira,Claudia; Avila,Luis A.
Abstract  Background:  Weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the main weed of rice crop. The high genetic variability of weedy rice contributes to the high phenotypic diversity between biotypes and different responses to environmental stress.  Objective:  The present study aimed to evaluate the response of imidazolinone-susceptible and -resistant weedy rice populations to increased atmospheric [CO2].  Methods:  The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design with six replications. The treatments included two [CO2] concentration (700 and 400 μmol mol-1) and three treatments: resistant genotype (IMI-resistant) treated with imazethapyr; resistant genotype without imazethapyr, and a susceptible genotype without imazethapyr.  Results:  The IMI-resistant...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Ecology; Weed biology.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582020000100328

An Experimental Economic Analysis of Carbon Trading Options for Australia
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tisdell,   John G.; Grainger,   Corinne.
Australia is currently developing a carbon emissions trading program. The Garnaut report recommendations include options for the allocation of carbon credits, trading schemes, banking and borrowing, and self reporting mechanisms. This paper reports the results of a series of economic experiments in which we explored spot and future markets given high and low levels of carbon credit reductions. The results provide important insights to the current debate in Australia and highlight the importance of well crafted market design.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Emissions trading; Compliance; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q53; Q54.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51044

Are Agricultural Values a Reliable Guide in Determining Landowners’ Decisions to Create Carbon Forest Sinks?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Shaikh,   Sabina L.; Sun,   Lili; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
This research examines the effects of various factors on farmer participation in agricultural tree plantations for economic, environmental, social and carbon-uptake purposes, and potential costs of sequestering carbon through afforestation in western Canada. Using data from a survey of landowners, a discrete choice random utility model is used to determine the probability of landowners’ participation and corresponding mean willingness to accept (WTA) compensation for a tree-planting program. WTA includes positive and negative benefits to landowners from planting trees, benefits not captured by foregone returns from agricultural activities on marginal land. Estimates of WTA are less than foregone returns, but even so average costs of creating carbon credits...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Willingness to accept compensation for tree planting; Afforestation; Climate change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q23; Q54.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37017

Global Warming and the Future of Pacific Island Countries
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
This article briefly outlines the cause of global warming, its trends and consequences as indicated by the International Panel on Climate Change. Sea-level rise is one consequence of particular concern to Pacific island states. It also reviews the views of economists about connections between economic growth and global warming. Whereas the majority of economists did not foresee a conflict between economic growth and global warming, the possibility of such a conflict is now more widely recognized following the Stern Report. International efforts, such as through the Kyoto Protocol, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and their atmospheric concentration are discussed and prospects for post-Kyoto policies are considered. It is predicted that a significant...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Environmental Kuznets curve; Global warming; Kyoto Protocol; Pacific islands; Post Kyoto; Sea-level rise; Small island developing states; Stern Report.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55106

Allocation of CO2 Emissions Allowances in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Cap-and-Trade Program
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas; Palmer,   Karen L.; Kahn,   Danny.
Cap-and-trade programs for air emissions have become the widely accepted, preferred approach to cost-effective pollution reduction. One of the important design questions in a trading program is how to initially distribute the emissions allowances. Under the Acid Rain program created by Title IV of the Clean Air Act, most emissions allowances were distributed to current emitters on the basis of a historic measure of electricity generation in an approach known as grandfathering. Recent proposals have suggested two alternative approaches: allocation according to a formula that is updated over time according to some performance metric in a recent year (the share of electricity generation or something else) and auctioning allowances to the highest bidders....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emissions trading; Allowance allocations; Electricity; Air pollution; Auction; Grandfathering; Generation performance standard; Output-based allocation; Cost-effectiveness; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Global warming; Carbon dioxide; Sulfur dioxide; Nitrogen oxides; Mercury; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25; Q4; L94.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10650

Erfassung, Bewertung und Minderung von Treibhausgasemissionen des deutschen Agrar- und Ernährungssektors
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Osterburg,   Bernhard; Nieberg,   Hiltrud; Ruter,   Sebastian; Isermeyer,   Folkhard; Haenel,   Hans-Dieter; Hahne,   Jochen; Krentler,   Jan-Gerd; Paulsen,   Hans Marten; Schuchardt,   Frank; Schweinle,   Jorg; Weiland,   Peter.
Zusammenfassung: In dieser Studie werden Treibhausgasemissionen (THG) aus der deutschen Agrar- und Ernährungswirtschaft analysiert und Möglichkeiten zu ihrer Reduzierung erörtert. Darüber hinaus wird die Eignung von Ökobilanzen für die Bewertung von Produktionsverfahren und Produkten untersucht. In Kapitel 2 werden theoretische Grundlagen für die Umsetzung von Klimaschutzpolitiken erörtert. Als Bilanzierungs- und Analysemethoden werden die Emissionsberichterstattung, die umweltökonomischen Gesamtrechnungen, Ökobilanzen (Life Cycle Assessment) und Carbon Footprints vorgestellt. Es folgt in Kapitel 3 eine Analyse der THG-Emissionen des deutschen Agrar- und Ernährungssektors nach Quellgruppen der Klimaberichterstattung sowie in Bezug auf Produktionsprozesse...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Klimawandel; Treibhausgase; Landwirtschaft; Kohlenstoff Fußabdruck; Climate change; Greenhouse gases; Agriculture; Carbon footprint; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q1 (Q18); Q 5 (Q51; Q 52; Q 54).
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103666

Preparing for catastrophic climate change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tsur,   Yacov; Withagen,   Cees.
We study optimal adaptation to climate change when the harmful consequences of global warming are associated with stochastic occurrence of abrupt changes. The adaptation policy entails the accumulation of a particular sort of capital that will eliminate or reduce the catastrophic damage of an abrupt climate change when (and if) it occurs. The occurrence date is uncertain. The policy problem involves balancing the tradeoffs between the (certain) investment cost prior to occurrence and the benefit (in reduced damage) that will be realized after the (uncertain) occurrence date. For stationary economies the optimal adaptation capital converges to a steady state. For growing economies the optimal adaptation capital stock approaches the maximal economic level...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Hazard; Environmental Economics and Policy; O13; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117652

More than Mean Effects: Modeling the Effect of Climate on the Higher Order Moments of Crop Yields
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tack,   Jesse B.; Harri,   Ardian; Coble,   Keith H.
The objective of this article is to propose the use of moment functions and maximum entropy techniques as a flexible way to estimate conditional crop yield distributions. We present a moment based model that extends previous approaches in several dimensions, and can be easily estimated using standard econometric estimators. Upon identification of the yield moments under a variety of climate and irrigation regimes, we utilize maximum entropy techniques to analyze the distributional impacts from switching regimes. We consider the case of Arkansas, Mississippi, and Texas upland cotton to demonstrate how climate and irrigation affect the shape of the yield distribution, and compare our findings to other moment based approaches. We empirically illustrate...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Risk; Climate change; Moments; Entropy; Yield; Cotton; Crop Production/Industries; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123330

Linking Reduced Deforestation and a Global Carbon Market: Impacts on Costs, Financial Flows, and Technological Innovation
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Bosetti,   Valentina; Lubowski,   Ruben N.; Golub,   Alexander; Markandya,   Anil.
Discussions over tropical deforestation are currently at the forefront of climate change policy negotiations at national, regional, and international levels.  This paper analyzes the effects of linking Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) to a global market for greenhouse gas emission reductions.  We supplement a global climate-energy-economy model with alternative cost estimates for reducing deforestation emissions in order to examine a global program for stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations at 550 ppmv of CO2 equivalent.  Introducing REDD reduces global forestry emissions through 2050 by 20-22% in the Brazil-only case and by 64-88% in the global REDD scenarios.  At the same time, REDD lowers the total costs of the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon market; Climate change; Innovation; Mitigation; Policy costs; Offsets; Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD); Technological change; Tropical deforestation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q24; Q42; Q52; Q54; Q55.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52544

Companies and Regulators in Emissions Trading Programs
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kruger,   Joseph.
Much has been written about the economic and environmental performance of U.S. emissions trading programs for "acid rain" (sulfur dioxide) and nitrogen oxides. Less explored have been the unique roles and interactions of environmental regulators and the companies they regulate. I first examine how these roles change the way that regulators and companies operate within their own organizations and with each other. Next, I use examples from U.S. trading programs to illustrate the design and administrative features that allow program administrators and industry to best fulfill their respective roles. Finally, I examine briefly whether these features are present in the EU Emissions Trading System and determine the implications for its effectiveness.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emissions trading; Climate change; Environmental management; Information technology; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10489

Crop switching as a strategy for adapting to climate change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kurukulasuriya,   Pradeep; Mendelsohn,   Robert.
This paper examines the impact of climate change on primary crops grown in Africa. An innovative approach is presented that bridges the gap between agro-economic and traditional Ricardian models. We label it a ‘structural Ricardian model’. It first captures the type of crop a farmer will select and then examines the conditional net revenue of that crop. The model is estimated using a sample of over 5000 farmers across 11 countries in Africa. The analysis finds that farmers shift the crops they plant to match the climate they face. Studies that fail to account for crop switching will overestimate the damages from climate change and underestimate the benefits.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Crops; Africa; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56970

Climate Policy in the United States and Japan: Prospects in 2005 and Beyond, Workshop Summary
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Pizer,   William A.; Tamura,   Kentaro.
Resources for the Future and the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies convened a one and one-half day workshop on domestic and international climate policy May 11-12, 2005, in Tokyo, Japan. The first day included 49 participants hearing presentations from 13 speakers and discussing domestic activities, economics, and politics. The second day included a smaller group of participants listening to a panel of four experts and discussing opportunities for future international climate regimes. Participants included government officials from the Japanese Ministry of the Environment; the Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry; the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; the U.S. Department of State; and the Massachusetts Department of Commonwealth...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Global warming; United States; Japan; Kyoto; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10657

Red, white and 'green': the cost of carbon in the global  wine trade
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Colman,   Tyler; Paster,   Pablo.
Climate change is altering a wide range of human activities, including wine making. While wine may appear to be one of the most natural alcoholic beverages, it is not without carbon inputs and emissions, which contribute to the very change in climate that is altering both wine and wine making. In this paper, we use a carbon life cycle analysis to develop a model for quantifying carbon inputs in a bottle of wine. Current regulatory arrangements do not capture the carbon costs of wine effectively since most costs are externalized. We conclude with estimates of the cost of carbon under various regulatory regimes, which suggest how wine producers and consumers can reduce the carbon footprint of wine.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Wine market; Carbon footprint; Wine trade; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37318

From SO2 to Greenhouse Gases: Trends and Events Shaping Future Emissions Trading Programs in the United States
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kruger,   Joseph.
Cap-and-trade programs have become widely accepted for the control of conventional air pollution in the United States. However, there is still no political consensus to use these programs to address greenhouse gases. Meanwhile, in the wake of the success of the U.S. SO2 and NOx trading programs, private companies, state governments, and the European Union are developing new trading programs or other initiatives that may set precedents for a future national U.S. greenhouse gas trading scheme. This paper summarizes the literature on the "lessons learned" from the SO2 trading program for greenhouse gas trading, including lessons about the potential differences in design that may be necessary because of the different sources, science, mitigation options, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Emissions trading; European Union; U.S. states; Corporate environmentalism; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10819

Exit Timing Decisions under Land Speculation and Resource Scarcity in Agriculture
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ranjan,   Ram; Tapsuwan,   Sorada.
This paper explores the concept of agricultural resilience in the context of climate change related water scarcity. Specifically, the impact of water scarcity on agricultural production is analyzed to derive the timing of exit decisions for farmers faced with the prospect of declining profitability in agriculture but increasing benefits from land rezoning in future. The prospects of land rezoning are modeled as a poison process which may or may not be influenced by farmer’s water abstraction decisions. Selling out of agriculture before land rezoning has an impatience cost as the farmer does not gain the maximum speculative rewards. The analysis highlights the role of such speculative rewards in making farmers resilient to declining profitability in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural resilience; Exit timing; Water scarcity; Climate change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5998

National Conference on Irrigation for Food Security Voluume 1; Proceedings on Water, Food Security and Climate Change in Sri Lanka, EMICH, Colombo, June 9-11, 2009
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Climate change; River basins; Water shortage; Irrigated farming; Water quality; Tanks; Aquatic plants; Rice; Food insecurity; Water resource management; Zero tillage; Weed control; Agroforestry; Canals; Surface runoff; Remote sensing; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118419

Vulnerability to risk among small farmers in Tajikistan: results of a 2011 survey
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Wolfgramm,   Bettina.
Tajikistan is judged to be highly vulnerable to risk, including food insecurity risks and climate change risks. By some vulnerability measures it is the most vulnerable among all 28 countries in the World Bank’s Europe and Central Asia Region – ECA (World Bank 2009). The rural population, with its relatively high incidence of poverty, is particularly vulnerable. The Pilot Program for Climate Resilience (PPCR) in Tajikistan (2011) provided an opportunity to conduct a farm-level survey with the objective of assessing various dimensions of rural population’s vulnerability to risk and their perception of constraints to farming operations and livelihoods. The survey should be accordingly referred to as the 2011 PPCR survey. The rural population in Tajikistan is...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Farmers; Tajikistan; Survey; Risk; Climate change; Tajikistan’s agriculture; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119833

Socio-economic Scenarios of Agricultural Land Use Change in Central and Eastern European Countries
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Fekete-Farkas,   Maria; Rounsevell,   Mark; Audsley,   Eric.
The study presented in this paper is part of the ACCELERATES (Assessing Climate Change Effects on Land Use and Ecosystems from Regional Analysis to The European Scale) project whose main goal is the construction of integrated predictions of future land use in Europe. The scenarios constructed in the project include estimates not only due to changes in the climate baseline, but also estimates due to possible future changes in socio-economics. The overall aim of the ACCELERATES was to assess the vulnerability of European agroecosystems based on economic and environmental considerations in term of both their sensitivity and capacity to adapt changes. The historical background, the type of economy, the policy aim and governance and importance of agriculture in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: ACCELERATES; Climate change; Agricultural land use; Scenario; Land Economics/Use; Q24.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24640

A multi-period positive mathematical programming approach for assessing economic impact of drought in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Qureshi,   Muhammad Ejaz; Ahmad,   Mobin-ud-Din; Whitten,   Stuart M.; Kirby,   Mac.
In the last decade, the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB), Australia faced a severe drought which affected its agriculture production. Sustainable diversion limits as proposed in the Australian Government’s basin plan together with climate change is expected to impact on future agriculture production and development in the MDB. We developed a biophysical-economic mathematical model calibrated against the observed multi-period land use data utilising the positive mathematical programming (PMP) approach to evaluate the impacts on agricultural production activities of a range of climate events and policy options. This is an extension of our previous work where the model was calibrated against a single year and focus was on the southern MDB only. The multi-period...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Integrated hydrology and economic model; Multi-period calibration; Climate change; Drought; Agriculture; Positive mathematical programming; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124418

Az öntözéses gazdálkodásról a Tisza-tó és a nagykunsági öntözőrendszert ellátó főcsatorna átadásának 30. évfordulóján
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lengyel,   Lajos.
Az öntözés mint agrotechnikai tényező a mezőgazdasági termelés intenzifi kálásának egyik eszköze és lehetősége. Bevezetése többletberuházással, nagyobb ráfordításokkal oldható meg. Öntözéssel a természetes csapadékellátás ingadozásai csökkenthetők, a termelés biztonsága és a hozamok növelhetők. Alkalmazását az üzemi feltételek és célok mellett makrogazdasági és klimatikus hatások is indokolják. Az elmúlt fél évszázad hazai öntözésfejlesztésében a Tiszalöki, a Kiskörei Vízlépcső és Öntözőrendszerei tervezése, kivitelezése és működtetése napjainkban is sok hasznosítható tanulsággal és tapasztalattal szolgál, mint például a komplex szemléletű térségi, üzemi vízgazdálkodás és öntözésfejlesztés, az állami beavatkozás a tervek összehangolásától az üzemi...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Öntözéses gazdálkodás; Öntözésfejlesztés; Klímaváltozás; Komplex szemlélet; Támogatások; Irrigation; Irrigated farming; Development of irrigation; Climate change; Holistic view; Subsidies; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58604

Economics of Forest Ecosystem Carbon Sinks: A Review
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; Sohngen,   Brent.
Carbon terrestrial sinks are seen as a low-cost alternative to fuel switching and reduced fossil fuel use for lowering atmospheric CO2. In this study, we review issues related to the use of terrestrial forestry activities to create CO2 offset credits. To gain a deeper understanding of the confusing empirical studies of forest projects to create carbon credits under Kyoto, we employ meta-regression analysis to analyze conditions under which forest activities generate CO2-emission reduction offsets at competitive ‘prices’. In particular, we examine 68 studies of the costs of creating carbon offsets using forestry. Baseline estimates of costs of sequestering carbon are some US$3–$280 per tCO2, indicating that the costs of creating CO2-emission offset credits...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Kyoto Protocol; Meta-regression analysis; Carbon-uptake costs; Forest sinks; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25; H43; C19.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37037

Climate Change Impacts on Waterfowl Habitat in Western Canada
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; Withey,   Patrick; Wong,   Linda.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Wetlands; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107094

Az őszi árpa terméskockázatának növekedése és lehetséges okai
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Erdelyi,   Eva; Novak,   Aliz; Ladanyi,   Marta.
Az éghajlatváltozás folyamata már elkezdődött, ezért a magyar agrárkutatóknak és szakembereknek is jól működő leíró-előrejelző rendszereket szükséges alkotniuk. Munkánk célja a hozamok elemzése, az időbeni változások megfigyelése volt 1951-től napjainkig. Az árpa termésmennyiségi adatait a trendhatások kiszűrésével összehasonlíthatóvá tettük. A vizsgálat helyszíne Hajdú-Bihar megye volt. Az ún. E,V hatásossági kritérium alapján vizsgáltuk az árpa terméskockázatának alakulását az 1951-90-es időszakban, továbbá azóta. A kimutatott terméskockázat-növekedés azt a nézetet támasztja alá, hogy az éghajlat „láthatóan” változik, aminek jeleivel szinte naponta találkozunk. Megfigyelt meteorológiai változókból olyan indikátorokat ké¬pezhetünk, amelyek vélhetően...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Éghajlatváltozás; Kockázat; Termésmennyiség; Őszi árpa; Climate change; Risk; Crop volume; Autumn barley; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92503

The Induced Innovation Hypothesis and Energy-Saving Technological Change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Newell,   Richard G.; Jaffe,   Adam B.; Stavins,   Robert N.
We develop a methodology for testing Hick's induced innovation hypothesis by estimating a product-characteristics model of energy-using consumer durables, augmenting the hypothesis to allow for the influence of government regulations. For the products we explored, the evidence suggests: (i) the rate of overall innovation was independent of energy prices and regulations, (ii) the direction of innovation was responsive to energy price changes for some products but not for others, (iii) energy price changes induced changes in the subset of technically feasible models that were offered for sale, (iv) this responsiveness increased substantially during the period after energy-efficiency product labeling was required, and (v) nonetheless, a sizeable portion of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Induced innovation; Energy efficiency; Technological change; Economic incentives; Regulation; Standards; Climate change; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; L51; O31; O38; Q40; Q20; Q48.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10521

Sacrifice, discounting and climate policy: five questions
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Karp,   Larry S.
I provide a selective review of discounting and climate policy. After reviewing evidence on the importance of the discount rate in setting policy, I ask whether standard models tend to exaggerate the sacrifices that the current generation needs to undertake in order to internalize climate damages. I then consider whether the risk of catastrophic damage really overwhelms discounting, in the determination of optimal policy. I revisit the question of how we actually think about the distant future.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Discounting; Intergenerational conflict; Catastrophic risk; Hyperbolic discounting; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C61; C73; D63; D99; Q54.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51612

Comparing the profitability of sheep, beef, dairy and grain farms in southwest Victoria under different rainfall scenarios
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Browne,   Natalie; Kingwell,   Ross S.; Behrendt,   Ralph; Eckard,   Richard.
Dryland farming is commonplace in Australia so the profitability of dryland farms often depends on the amount and timing of rainfall. With drier weather conditions featuring in climate change projections for southern Australia, it is important to understand the relationships between rainfall, commodity prices and farm profitability. Using correlated farm commodity and input prices from the past nine years, farm profitability was calculated for a range of farm types in southwest Victoria under low, average and high rainfall scenarios. Fourteen representative farms were examined that included production of Merino fine wool, prime lamb, beef cattle, milk, wheat and canola. This paper compares and contrasts the spread of profitability of these farms against...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Dryland farming; Farm enterprises; Climate change; Price variability; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124249

Discounting and confidence
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Traeger,   Christian P.
Revision of CUDARE Working Paper 1117 issued June 2011
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Uncertainty; Discounting; Climate change; Ambiguity; Confidence; Subjective beliefs; Prudence; Pessimism; Expected utility; Intertemporal substitutability; Intertemporal risk aversion; Risk and Uncertainty; D61; Q54; D81; D90.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120418

Az éghajlatváltozás növekvő szerepe a közösségi szakpolitikákban, különös tekintettel a közös agrárpolitikára
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Baksa,   Adrienn.
Az éghajlatváltozás globális hatásainak Európa is kiszolgáltatott. Így megnövekedett annak az igénye, hogy az Európai Unió adaptációs és mitigációs intézkedéseket építsen be szakpolitikáiba. Hosszabb távra azonban összehangolt és megfelelő pénzügyi háttérrel rendelkező EU-s klímastratégia szükséges. A megváltozó éghajlat kulcstényező az európai mezőgazdaság és vidék fejlődésében, ezért a közeljövő Közös Agrárpolitikáját (KAP) már ehhez javasolt igazítani.  A fenntartható termelést elősegítik a 2007–2013-as EU-s vidékfejlesztési intézkedések, melyek nagy része a mitigációt is ösztönzi. Ezért az EU további vidékfejlesztési többletforrásokat csoportosított az éghajlatváltozás okozta hatások mérséklésére és az adaptáció növelésére. Véleményem szerint az EU...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Éghajlatváltozás; EU; Klímapolitika; Közös agrárpolitika; Vidékfejlesztés; Climate change; EU; Climate policy; Common Agricultural Policy; Rural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99134

The Benefits of Reduced Air Pollutants in the U.S. from Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Policies
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas; Toman,   Michael.
Policies that reduce emissions of greenhouse gases can simultaneously alter emissions of conventional pollutants that have deleterious effects on human health and the environment. This paper first describes how these "ancillary" benefits--benefits in addition to reduced risks of climate change--can result from greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation efforts. It then discusses methodologies for assessing ancillary benefits and provides a critical review of estimates associated with reductions of criteria air pollutants. We find that these benefits in the U.S. may be significant, indicating a higher level of "no regrets" greenhouse gas abatement than might be expected based on simple economic calculations of abatement cost. However, the magnitude of ancillary...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Greenhouse gas; Ancillary benefits; Air pollution; Co-control benefits; Environmental Economics and Policy; H23; I18; Q48.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10496

International agricultural research for food security, poverty reduction, and the environment: What to expect from scaling up CGIAR investments and “Best Bet” programs.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Fan,   Shenggen; Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Developing countries; CGIAR; Food prices; Poverty reduction; Hunger; Agricultural research food security; Environment; Agricultural innovation; Agricultural development; Climate change; Agricultural biodiversity; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46015

The economic assessment of changes in ecosystem services: and application of the CGE methodology
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Bosello,   Francesco; Eboli,   Fabio; Parrado,   Ramiro; Nunes,   Paulo A.L.D.; Ding,   Helen; Rosa,   Renato.
The present study integrates Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) modelling with biodiversity services, proposing a possible methodology for assessing climate-change impacts on ecosystems. The assessment focuses on climate change impacts on carbon sequestration services provided by European forest, cropland and grassland ecosystems and on provisioning services, but provided by forest and cropland ecosystems only. To do this via a CGE model it is necessary to identify first the role that these ecosystem services play in marketable transactions; then how climate change can impact these services; and finally how the economic system reacts to those changes by adjusting demand and supply across sectors, domestically and internationally
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Ecosystems services; Integrated assessment; CGE; Environmental Economics and Policy; C68; Q51; Q54; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117622

The Effect of Risk, Ambiguity and Coordination on Farmers’ Adaptation to Climate Change: A Framed Field Experiment
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Alpizar,   Francisco; Carlsson,   Fredrik; Naranjo,   Maria.
The risk of losses of income and productive means due to adverse weather associated to climate change can significantly differ between farmers sharing a productive landscape. It is important to learn more about how farmers react to different levels of risk, under measurable and unmeasurable uncertainty. Moreover, the costs associated to investments in reduced vulnerability to climatic events are likely to exhibit economies of scope. We explore these issues using a framed field experiment that captures realistically the main characteristics of production, and the likely weather related losses of premium coffee farmers in Tarrazu, Costa Rica. Given that the region recently was severely hit by an extreme, albeit very infrequent, climatic event, we expected to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Risk Aversion; Ambiguity Aversion; Technology Adoption; Climate change; Field Experiment; Environmental Economics and Policy; C93; D81; H41; Q16; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92708

Evaluation of CO2 Emissions by Kansas Agribusiness Retailers
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Canales,   Elizabeth; Boland,   Michael A.
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and their negative effect on the environment is a growing concern in the world. It is estimated that agriculture is responsible for 7% of the total GHG emissions in the United States.  Currently, environmental policies to regulate GHG are in place in different countries and are expected to increase in the future. The objective of this study was to estimate carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions from eight agribusiness retailers in Kansas. Data consisted of energy inputs from the operation of the agribusiness retailers and the crop land these retailers serve. Carbon emission coefficients were employed to determine carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions associated with each energy input used during their operations. Results suggest...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Climate change; Environmental economics; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61310

Optimal Preservation of Agricultural and Environmental Land within a Municipality Under Irreversibility and Uncertainty
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Howard,   Peter H.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/22/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Uncertainty; Irreversibility; Spatial-temporal modeling; Value of information; Policy design; Climate change; Agricultural preservation; Environmental conservation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103639

EU wide regional impacts of climate change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Shrestha,   Shailesh; Himics,   Mihaly; Van Doorslaer,   Benjamin; Ciaian,   Pavel.
The current paper investigates the medium term impact of climate changes on EU agriculture. We employ CAPRI partial equilibrium modelling framework. The results indicate that within the EU, there will be both winners and losers, with some regions benefitting from climate change, while other regions suffering losses in production and welfare. In general, there are relatively small market effects at the EU aggregate. For example, the value of total agricultural income, land use and welfare change by approximately between -0.3% and 2%. However, there is a stronger impact at regional level with the effects increase by a factor higher than 10 relative to the aggregate EU impacts.  The price adjustments reduce the response of agricultural sector to climate...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Regional impacts; CAPRI; Market effects; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122546

TOURISM DEVELOPMENTAS A SUSTAINABLE RURAL ACTIVITY
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Csete,   Maria.
The subject of the analysis is the Lake Tisza region. This region was chosen because it is rich in natural values coupled with economic and social problems and a significant Romani population, making it suitable for the complex evaluation of interdependences.  I am investigating the contribution of development to sustainability, taking into account the local connections and interactions between sustainability, climate change and tourism. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the possible role of tourism in sustainable rural development and outline an adaptation portfolio accordingly.  A questionnaire-based survey was carried out from June to December 2008 to highlight the major uncertainties in the practical implementation of local sustainability in...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Climate change; Tourism development; Sustainable rural activities; Local adaptation portfolio; Fenntarthatóság; Klímaváltozás; Turizmusfejlesztés; Fenntartható vidéki tevékenység; Helyi alkalmazkodási portfolió; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99213

Micro-Level Analysis of Farmers’ Adaptation to Climate Change in Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nhemachena,   Charles; Hassan,   Rashid M.
Adaptation to climate change involves changes in agricultural management practices in response to changes in climate conditions. It often involves a combination of various individual responses at the farm-level and assumes that farmers have access to alternative practices and technologies available in the region. This study examines farmer adaptation strategies to climate change in Southern Africa based on a cross-section database of three countries (South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe) collected as part of the Global Environment Facility/World Bank (GEF/WB) Climate Change and African Agriculture Project. The study describes farmer perceptions to changes in long-term temperature and precipitation as well as various farm-level adaptation measures and barriers...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Southern Africa; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42399

CLIMATE CHANGE INFLUENCES ON THE RISK OF AVIAN INFLUENZA OUTBREAKS AND ASSOCIATED ECONOMIC LOSS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mu,   Jianhong H.; McCarl,   Bruce A.; Wu,   Ximing; Gan,   Li.
This paper examines the effect that climate has on Avian Influenza outbreak probability.  The statistical analysis shows across a broad region the probability of an outbreak declines by 0.22% when the temperature rises 1 Celsius degree and increases by 0.34% when precipitation increases by 1millimeter. These results indicate that the realized climate change of the last 20 years not only has been a factor behind recent HPAI outbreaks, but that climate change is likely to play an even greater role in the future.  The statistical results indicate that overall, the risk of an AI outbreak has been increased by 51% under past climate change and 3-4% under future climate change. An economic evaluation shows the increased probability of outbreaks has caused...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Avian Influenza outbreaks; GDP loss; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103637

The economic impact of climate change in Namibia. How climate change will affect the contribution of Namibia’s natural resources to its economy
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Reid,   Hannah; Sahlen,   Linda; Stage,   Jesper; MacGregor,   James.
The IPCC recognises Africa as a whole to be “one of the most vulnerable continents to climate variability and change because of multiple stresses and low adaptive capacity. Climate change is likely to exacerbate the dry conditions already experienced in southern Africa. And when rainfall does come, it is likely to be more intense, leading to erosion and flood damage. This will affect the poor most, with resulting constraints on employment opportunities and declining wages. But at present these predictions gain little policy traction in southern African countries. The multilateral climate change process is complicated and slow, and policymakers often see serious action on climate change as a domestic ‘vote loser’. One way to raise climate change concerns...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Economics; Namibia; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37922

Economic valuation of the impacts of climate change in agriculture in Europe
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Quiroga,   Sonia; Iglesias,   Ana.
The objective of this study is to provide a European assessment of the potential effects of climate change on agricultural crop production computing monetary estimates of these impacts for the European agricultural sector. The future scenarios incorporate socio economic projections derived from several SRES scenarios and climate projections obtained from global climate models and regional climate models. The quantitative results are based simulations using the GTAP general equilibrium models system that includes all relevant economic activities. The estimated changes in the exports and imports of agricultural goods, value of GDP and crop prices under the climate and socio-economic scenarios show significant regional differences between northern and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Climate change; Computable general equilibrium models; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44180

A fenntartható fejlődést szolgáló paradigma
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Meszaros,   Sandor.
Az uralkodó neoklasszikus paradigma alapján a 20. század második felében a gazdasági növekedés a várható klímaváltozás, a Föld természeti erőforrásai és a társadalmi egyenlőtlenségek figyelembevétele nélkül ment végbe. Erre a helyzetre szolgált válaszul a fenntarthatóság koncepciója, amely az utóbbi két évtizedben globális mozgalommá vált, és nemzeti alkalmazkodási stratégiák kidolgozásához vezetett. A gazdaság működésére azonban igazán új paradigma mégsem született, bár a köz¬gazdaságtan a komplexitás irányába látszik fejlődni. Az új (transzdiszciplináris) paradigma eddigi hiánya ellenére a szükséges változások irányai már felismerhetők: a fosszilis energiaforrások mielőbbi helyettesítése és az erdőgazdaság kiemelt kezelése (Low Carbon Economy), valamint...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Gazdasági paradigmák; Fenntarthatóság; Klímaváltozás; Globalizáció; Modellezés; Economic paradigms; Sustainability; Climate change; Globalisation; Modelling; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99116

Modelling Climate Change and Agricultural Production in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): In Quest of Statistics
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Koffi-Tessio,   Egnonto M.
Climate change is a natural and dynamic phenomenon resulting from complex interrelationships between physical, environmental and human factors. The sustainability of life on earth depends partly on the ability of mankind to maintain this natural and balanced flow of such gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor traping heat. Unfortunately, human beings contribute significantly to the presence of such gases known as Green House Gases (GHGs) through agricultural and industrial activities. The implications are the excess trap of sunlight and the blocking of outward radiation. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the importance of agriculture cannot be stressed enough given that it is central to economic growth and most of economic activities in the region...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Modelling; Agriculture; Climate change; Variability; Statistics; Policies; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50821

Possible Impacts of Climate Change on Mediterranean Irrigated Farming Systems
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Dono,   Gabriele; Cortignani,   Raffaele; Doro,   Luca; Ledda,   Luigi; Roggero,   PierPaolo; Giraldo,   Luca; Severini,   Simone.
In the agricultural sector, climate change (CC) affects multiple weather variables at different stages of crop cycles. CC may influence the mean level or affect the distribution of events (e.g., rainfall, temperature). This work evaluates the economic impact of CC-related changes in multiple climatic components, and the resulting uncertainty. For this purpose, a three-stage discrete stochastic programming model is used to represents farm sector of an irrigated area of Italy and to examine the influence of CC on rainfall and on maximum temperature. These variables affect the availability of water for agriculture and the water requirements of irrigated crops. The states of nature, and their change, are defined more broadly than in previous analyses; this...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Discrete stochastic programming model; Climate change; Water availability; Irrigation requirements; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114436

Communicating Climate Change: A Literature Review
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Parton,   Kevin A.; Morrison,   Mark.
For climate scientists, climate change is a problem that has a significant chance of having catastrophic environmental, social and economic consequences during the course of this century. In contrast, public opinion seems to regard with scepticism the pronouncements on climate change that emanate from the scientific community. Why the difference? This is what our research project was designed to examine. Or to put it another way: Assuming that the scientific information is correct, and that without a dramatic change in technology (and policy to promote such a change) there would be a significant risk of man-made, global catastrophe, what must be done to communicate this urgent issue to the public? We have approached the analysis of this problem by...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Media; Scientists; Business; Government; The general public; Literature review; Environmental Economics and Policy; Marketing; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; 1402.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100693

Greenhouse Gas Emission Factor Module: Land Use in Rural New Zealand—Climate Version 1
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hendy,   Joanna; Kerr,   Suzi.
Several different New Zealand economic models produce measures of rural economic activity that have greenhouse gas implications. For climate change analysis, models need to translate economic activity into greenhouse gas emissions. This document estimates functions and creates projections for land-use related greenhouse gas emissions per unit of economic activity that are simple; are based on readily available data and strong science; are consistent with the national inventory in 2002; evolve so that implied net emissions approximately match past inventory totals (1990–2002); and can be linked easily to a variety of models so they can be used in simulations. We estimate dynamic greenhouse gas emission functions for five land uses: dairy, sheep, beef,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Nitrous oxide; Carbon dioxide; Scrub; Forest; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98501

Climate Change and Food Security to 2050: A Global Economy-wide Perspective
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Valenzuela,   Ernesto; Anderson,   Kym.
Recent analyses of the possible adverse effects of climate change on agriculture in developing countries have raised food security concerns, especially for farm households whose crop productivity is expected to fall. The present study uses the GTAP global economy-wide model to capture at the same time the expected positive effects on temperate zone crop productivity, which will more or less offset the upward pressure on farm product prices from yield falls in developing countries. Also modelled is an expected adverse effect of higher temperatures and humidity on the productivity of unskilled workers in the tropics, but since they work in nonfarm as well as farm activities the net effect of that shock on agriculture’s competitiveness is an empirical matter....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Crop and labour productivity growth; Global computable general equilibrium model projections; Productivity Analysis; D58; F17; Q17; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100531

AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS AND AGRICULTURE VULNERABILITY
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Singh,   Mahesh Kumar; Dobo,   Erika.
This review describes that due to rapid globalization, vulnerability in different areas affects human life. With rapid population growth, securing the inherent vulnerability of this relationship, whether social, economic, or environmental, has to be central to efforts to achieving sustainable development. The vulnerability of agricultural systems varies with geographic location, time, socioeconomic conditions, and environmental resources. The capacity to mitigate and to adapt to climate-change impacts is strongly related to the future development paths. The socioeconomic and, even more so, the technological characteristics of different futures strongly affect emissions, hence the extent and pace of the impacts of climate change, as well as the capability...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Vulnerability; Adaptivity; Food security; Stress; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58907

CLIMATE CHANGE AND PRODUCTION RISK IN CHINESE AQUACULTURE
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Holst,   Rainer; Yu,   Xiaohua.
Drawing on the method developed by Just and Pope (1978, 1979), this paper separately analyzes the marginal contributions of both regular input factors and climate factors to mean output and to production risk in Chinese inland aquaculture. Furthermore, the net change in output following a 1°C increase in annual average temperature will be determined. According to the results obtained, the impending changes in global climate will have both positive and negative impacts. While an increment in annual average temperatures will increase mean output and decrease production risk, an increase in temperature variability will reduce mean output and cause a higher level of production risk. The corresponding measures of precipitation however have no significant impact...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Climate change; Production risk; China; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Q1; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91275

The likely regional impacts of an agricultural emissions policy in New Zealand: Preliminary analysis
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Sin,   Isabelle; Brunton,   Emma; Hendy,   Joanna; Kerr,   Suzi.
Hendy and Kerr (2005b) find that an emissions charge on agricultural methane and nitrous oxide of $25 per tonne of carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent would be likely to reduce New Zealand‘s net land-use related emissions for commitment period one in the order of 3%, with full accounting. The costs per farmer and as a percentage of profit would be very high. This paper considers the regional impacts of such a policy in New Zealand by allocating the emission charge across space according to the location of animals. We then combine our emissions charge information with data on the socio-economic characteristics of the affected areas. Obviously rural areas are heavily affected. In many respects, for example median income, ethnic mix, and percentage of working...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Land use; Social impacts; Methane; Nitrous oxide; Dairy; Sheep; Beef; Distribution of costs; Regional; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Q25; Q28; R14.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98506

How Ambitious are China and India’s Emissions Intensity Targets?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Stern,   David I.; Jotzo,   Frank.
As part of the negotiating process for a post-Kyoto climate policy regime, several developing economies have announced carbon emission targets for 2020. China and India’s commitments are framed as emissions intensity reductions by 40 to 45 per cent and 20 to 25 per cent respectively between 2005 and 2020. But how feasible are these proposed emissions intensity reductions, and how do they compare with the targeted reductions in the United States and the European Union?   In this research report we use a stochastic frontier model to explain the variation in countries’ energy intensities. We use the model to produce emissions projections for China and India under a number of scenarios that consider various rates of technological change and changes in the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Carbon emissions; Climate change; Developing countries; Projections; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; Q54; Q56; Q58.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94947

Determinants of African farmers’ strategies for adapting to climate change: Multinomial choice analysis
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hassan,   Rashid M.; Nhemachena,   Charles.
This study analyzed determinants of farm-level climate adaptation measures in Africa using a multinomial choice model fitted to data from a cross-sectional survey of over 8000 farms from 11 African countries. The results indicate that specialized crop cultivation (mono-cropping) is the agricultural practice most vulnerable to climate change in Africa. Warming, especially in summer, poses the highest risk. It encourages irrigation, multiple cropping and integration of livestock. Increased precipitation reduces the probability of irrigation and will benefit most African farms, especially in drier areas. Better access to markets, extension and credit services, technology and farm assets (labor, land and capital) are critical for helping African farmers adapt...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Impacts; Adaptation; Agriculture; Africa; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56969

Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on China's Grain Sector and International Trade
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hansen,   James M.; Tuan,   Francis C.; Somwaru,   Agapi.
This study analyzes the potential impact of climate change on China's corn, wheat, and rice, domestic agricultural markets, and the international markets out to the year 2050. The study provides a brief background and reviews research literature of climate change effects on China's crop yields. The paper presents the potential impact of climate change on China's yields and attempts to quantify the domestic and global market impacts. The analysis has four scenarios, which assumes two future levels of greenhouse gas emissions with the effects of CO2 fertilization and no CO2 fertilization. A 27-country commodity partial equilibrium simulation mathematical programming model (PEATSim) is used for this analysis. Results indicate under CO2 fertilization, which...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: China; Trade; Climate change; GHG; CO2 fertilization; Rice; Wheat; Corn; Dynamic partial equilibrium simulation mathematical model.; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103768

Coping with Climate Change in Agriculture: A Portfolio Analysis
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Van Asseldonk,   Marcel A.P.M.; Langeveld,   J.W.A.
Replaced with revised version of paper 10/18/07.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Portfolio analysis; Climate change; Crop growth models; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9247

THE INTERDEPENDENCE BETWEEN AGRICULTURE AND CLIMATE CHANGE - A EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Matei,   Mirela; Stancu,   Adrian; Vukovic,   Predrag.
Global climate changes are taking place and its impacts on economy are already occurring in fields like tourism, agriculture, forestry, infrastructure, insurance industry or capital market. Specialists draw attention that climate change has negative effects and positive effects. For example, in some parts of Europe, especially in north, the agricultural may benefit from temperature rise increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. The most important part of these changes is due to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activity. Between greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide (CO2) is the largest contributor with a weight around of 80 % of total GHG emissions. The agriculture is the most affected sector by the climate change, but agricultural activities...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Agriculture; Greenhouse gas; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57350

Carbon Sinks and Reservoirs: The Value of Permanence and Role of Discounting
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Benitez,   Pablo C.; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
Scientists are enthusiastic about storing carbon in terrestrial sinks and geological reservoirs in order to obviate the need for lifestyle-changing reductions in fossil-fuel use. Estimating relative costs of various options depends on how permanence is assessed and whether physical carbon is discounted. We demonstrate that, in carbon markets, terrestrial sinks credits cannot be traded one-for-one for emission reduction credits and the conversion factor would depend on how long sinks keep CO2 out of the atmosphere as compared with emission reductions and, discounting physical carbon. As a result, the authority could not determine a conversion factor and the market would be required to do so.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Carbon offset; Carbon sinks; Discounting physical carbon; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; Q54.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37018

The economic relevance of climate variables in agriculture: The case of Spain
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Garcia,   Maria; Viladrich-Grau,   Montserrat.
We estimate how climate variables affect price and acreage of productive farmland using the Ricardian approach. Furthermore, we use our estimations to evaluate the joint effects of possible climate changes within the time horizon of 2010 and 2050. Our results show that the price of rainfed land in Spain tends to increase but rainfed acreage decreases. On the other hand, the effect on irrigated farmland price and acreage presents some mixed results, however, in the long run the dominant pattern is clearly increasing for both prices and acreage.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Agricultural land prices and acreage; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q1; C2.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57291

Biological Carbon Sinks: Transaction Costs and Governance
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
Activities that remove CO2 from the atmosphere and store it in forest and agricultural ecosystems can generate CO2-offset credits that can thus substitute for CO2 emissions reduction. Are biological CO2-uptake activities competitive with CO2 offsets from reduced fossil fuel use? In this paper, it is argued that transaction costs impose a formidable obstacle to direct substitution of carbon uptake offsets for emissions reduction in trading schemes, and that separate caps should be set for emissions reduction and sink-related activities. While a tax/subsidy scheme is preferred to emissions trading for incorporating biologically-generated CO2 offsets, contracts that focus on the activity and not the amount of carbon sequestered are most likely to lead to the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon sequestration; Transaction costs; Climate change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q54; Q23; Q42; H23; D23.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45505

Rethinking agriculture in the Greater Mekong Subregion: how to sustainably meet food needs, enhance ecosystem services and cope with climate change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Johnston,   Robyn M.; Hoanh,   Chu Thai; Lacombe,   Guillaume; Noble,   Andrew D.; Smakhtin,   Vladimir U.; Suhardiman,   Diana; Kam,   Suan Pheng; Choo,   Poh Sze.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural production; Rice; Fisheries; Livestock; Farming systems; Coastal area; Flood plains; Climate change; Environmental effects; Food production; Ecosystems; Water management; South East Asia; Greater Mekong Subregion; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91465

Climate change impacts on hydrology and water resources of the Upper Blue Nile River Basin, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kim,   Ungtae; Kaluarachchi,   Jagath J.; Smakhtin,   Vladimir U.
The report evaluates the impacts of climate change on the hydrological regime and water resources of the Blue Nile River Basin in Ethiopia. It starts from the construction of the climate change scenarios based on the outcomes of several general circulation models (GCMs), uses a simple hydrological model to convert theses scenarios into runoff, and examines the impacts by means of a set of indices. The results, however uncertain with existing accuracy of climate models, suggest that the region is likely to have the future potential to produce hydropower, increase flow duration, and increase water storage capacity without affecting outflows to the riparian countries in the 2050s.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Hydrology; River basins; Runoff; Precipitation; Models; Dams; Operating policies; Water power; Drought; Analysis; Africa; Ethiopia; Egypt; Sudan; Upper Blue Nile River Basin; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53025

Land-Use Change and Carbon Sinks: Econometric Estimation of the Carbon Sequestration Supply Function
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lubowski,   Ruben N.; Plantinga,   Andrew J.; Stavins,   Robert N.
When and if the United States chooses to implement a greenhouse gas reduction program, it will be necessary to decide whether carbon sequestration policies - such as those that promote forestation and discourage deforestation - should be part of the domestic portfolio of compliance activities. We investigate the cost of forest-based carbon sequestration. In contrast with previous approaches, we econometrically examine micro-data on revealed landowner preferences, modeling six major private land uses in a comprehensive analysis of the contiguous United States. The econometric estimates are used to simulate landowner responses to sequestration policies. Key commodity prices are treated as endogenous and a carbon sink model is used to predict changes in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Abatement; Carbon; Climate change; Costs; Forestry; Greenhouse gases; Land use; Land-use change; Sequestration; Land Economics/Use; Q540; Q230; Q240; Q150.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10561

The Precautionary Principle Revisited: Its Interpretations and their Conservation Consequences
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
The precautionary principle was included in 1992 in the Rio Declaration on Environmental and Development and is a part of important international agreements and documents, for example, the Convention on Biological Diversity. Yet the interpretation of this principle is not straightforward as a guide for environmental policy – a variety of interpretations are possible. This paper identifies and examines various economic versions of the principle. Furthermore, it shows that different economic versions of the principle can give rise to conflicting policy recommendations for resource conservation. In addition, it demonstrates that applications of the principle do not always favour (natural) resource conservation (for example, biodiversity conservation) although...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Conservation; Climate change; Flexibility; Learning; Precautionary principle; Uncertainty; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q28; Q3; H43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55339

DYNAMICS OF CHANGES IN AGRICULTURAL LAND USE ARISING FROM CLIMATE, POLICY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC PRESSURES IN EUROPE
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Fekete-Farkas,   Maria; Singh,   Mahesh Kumar; Rounsevell,   Mark; Audsley,   Eric.
This article analyses the mechanism behind the changes in agricultural land use arising from climate variables, agricultural policies and socio-economic pressures. The study presented here has undertaken an integrated methodology in the estimation of future land use change in Europe. The scenarios constructed in this study include estimates not only of changes in the climate baseline, but also of possible future changes in socio-economics. The overall aim of the study was to raise the awareness of policy makers about the vulnerability of the European rural economy and agro-ecosystems based on economic and environmental considerations in term of both their sensitivity and capacity to adapt to change.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Agricultural land use; Socio-economics; Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43336

Az őszi árpa klimatikus igényei és az éghajlatváltozás
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Novak,   Aliz; Erdelyi,   Eva.
Munkánkban összehasonlító vizsgálatokat végeztünk az őszi árpa fejlődési szakasza¬inak klimatikus igényeiről. A becsült meteorológiai jellemzők átlagosan nem mutatnak nagy változást a közeljövőre – jóllehet a század végére már igen –, de eloszlásuk alakulása a mezőgazdaságban komoly következményekkel járhat. A növény szempontjából azonban az éves és havi átlaghőmérséklet, illetve csapadékösszegek elemzése helyett sokkal több információhoz juthatunk, ha a növény fejlődési szakaszait külön-külön vizsgáljuk. Végigkövetve a növény fejlődési szakaszait megállapítható, hogy az őszi árpa klimatikus igényei várhatóan a jövőben is teljesülnek, jóllehet a termésbiztonság ezzel együtt romlani fog.    ----------------------------------------    This paper covers...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Éghajlatváltozás; Őszi árpa; Fejlődési szakaszok; Klimatikus igény; Climate change; Autumn barley; Development stages; Climatic needs; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92502

THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON STREAM FLOW IN THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN:  A REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL PERSPECTIVE
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jha,   Manoj K.; Pan,   Zaitao; Takle,   Eugene S.; Gu,   Roy.
We evaluate the impact of climate change on stream flow in the Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB) by using a regional climate model (RCM) coupled with a hydrologic model, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The SWAT model was calibrated and validated against measured stream flow data using observed weather data and inputs from the Environmental Protection Agency's BASINS (Better Assessment Science Integrating Point and Nonpoint Sources) geographical information/database system. The combined performance of the SWAT and RCM was examined using observed weather data as a lateral boundary condition in the RCM. The SWAT and RCM were found to perform well, especially on an annual basis. The potential impacts of climate change on water yield and other...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Hydrological modeling; RCM; SWAT; Uncertainty analysis; Upper Mississippi River Basin; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18403

Earth Science Remote Sensing Data: Contributions to Natural Resources Policymaking
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: MacAuley,   Molly K.; Vukovich,   Fred M.
This paper traces the evolution of space-derived remote sensing data and data products from their initial dissemination to their impact on public policy related to climate change. We focus on the examples of renewable energy, public health, and ecosystem assessment. Our approach differs from previous studies that have characterized the value of data in terms of the fundamental scientific phenomena they describe. In our research we have sought to identify contributions of space-derived earth science in "making a difference" beyond scientific understanding, thereby providing at least a partial answer to questions about the utility of research posed by Congress, the Office of Management and Budget, managers at the National Aeronautics and Space...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Natural resources; Climate change; Space; Data; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q2; O38.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10446

World Agriculture Organization (WAO): New Global Governance for Agricultural Trade
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Moon,   Wanki; Koo,   Won W.; Kim,   Chang-Gil.
It is increasingly questionable whether the WTO regime is the most appropriate form of governance for addressing global problems related to agriculture. In particular, climate change, sustainability, hunger/poverty in developing countries, and expected imbalance in food demand-supply by 2050 are emerging as grave challenges to humanity and the WTO is still struggling to resolve issues (related to the multifunctional roles of agriculture) of the 20th century while completely lacking the capacity to tackle such new global issues of the 21st century. Given this outmoded institution, the primary objective of this article is to propose that a new system of governance is needed so as to exclusively and effectively deal with problems arising from the interactions...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Global public goods; Climate change; Sustainable agriculture; Food security; WTO; Agricultural trade; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98886

Climate Policy in the United States and Japan: A Workshop Summary
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Pizer,   William A.; Tamura,   Kentaro.
Resources for the Future and the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (Japan) convened a one-and-one-half day workshop on domestic and international climate policy on February 12–-13, 2004 in Washington, D.C. On the first day, 55 participants heard presentations from 14 speakers and discussed domestic activities, economics, and politics. The second day featured a smaller group of 27 participants hearing six informal sets of comments and discussing opportunities for international collaboration. Participants included government officials from the Japanese Ministry of the Environment, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and other U.S. administration and congressional staff; representatives from business and environmental groups; and academic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Global warming; United States; Japan; Kyoto; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10771

Integrated Management of the Blue Nile Basin in  Ethiopia: Hydropower and Irrigation Modeling
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Block,   Paul J.
Ethiopia is at a critical crossroads with a large and increasing population, a depressed national economy, insufficient agricultural production, and a low number of developed energy sources. The upper Blue Nile basin harbors considerable untapped potential for irrigation and hydropower development and expansion. Numerous hydrologic models have been developed to assess hydropower and agricultural irrigation potential within the basin, yet often fail to adequately address critical aspects, including the transient stages of large-scale reservoirs, relevant flow retention policies and associated downstream ramifications, and the implications of stochastic modeling of variable climate and climate change. A hydrologic model with dynamic climate capabilities is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ethiopia; Dams; Water resources development; Hydrologic model; Energy; Climate variability; Climate change; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42413

Farming profitably in a changing climate: a risk management approach
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Grant,   Colin; Knight,   Catherine; Nation,   Eloise; Barratt,   David.
Climate science has made enormous progress over the last two decades in understanding the nature of earth's climate and the changes that are taking place. Under climate change projections, we can say with some confidence that the Australian climate will continue to become hotter, and temperature-related extreme events are likely to increase in frequency. However, we cannot yet project with any reasonable level of confidence changes to rainfall and the occurrence of drought.  So although there is strong evidence for the reality of climate change, there is still considerable uncertainty associated with projections of precisely how climate change will unfold in the future, particularly at regional and local scales where most farming management decisions are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Risk management; Environmental Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9255

Agricultural Trade and Freshwater Resources
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Reimer,   Jeffrey J.
Approximately 75% of all water used by humans goes towards food production, much of which is traded internationally.  This study formally models how this works in the case of crop agriculture, making use of recent advances in international trade theory and new data on the productivity by which countries use water for crop agriculture.  The strength of the model lies in its ability to predict, when there is a shock to the system, how trade between pairs of specific countries changes for products that use water intensively.  In one application of the model, international trade in final products is shown to be a means for countries to deal with short- and long-run shocks to water resources that are too big for one country to handle by itself in isolation.  In...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Simulation; Trade liberalization; Water; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F11; F18; Q25; Q54.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123944

Risk and Aversion in the Integrated Assessment of Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Crost,   Benjamin; Traeger,   Christian P.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Uncertainty; Integrated assessment; Risk aversion; Intertemporal substitution; Recursive utility; Dynamic programming; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54; Q00; D90; C63.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90935

A Nemzeti Vidékstratégia a mezőgazdasági vízgazdálkodás és az öntözésfejlesztés tükrében
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Biro,   Szabolcs; Kapronczai,   Istvan; Szekely,   Erika; Szucs,   Istvan.
A Nemzeti Vidékstratégiai Koncepció (Vidékfejlesztési Minisztérium, 2011) vitaanyagának előszava a természeti erőforrások felértékelődésére, a természeti környezet védelmére, valamint a mezőgazdaság és a vidék szoros kapcsolatára hívja fel a figyelmet. Ennek tükrében élelmiszerelőállítás csak a talajok, az ivóvízbázisok és a táj fenntartását eredményező, a jó környezeti állapotot és az élővilág sokszínűségét megőrző, valamint a vidéki életformát, a helyi közösségeket és kultúrát megóvó jó minőségű és biztonságos alapanyagokra épülő termelés mellett értelmezhető. Jelen vitacikk a mezőgazdasági vízhasználat vidékstratégiai vonatkozásait kívánja feltárni, felhasználva kutatási eredményeinket1 és figyelembe véve vizsgálataink alapján megfogalmazott...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Természeti erőforrások; Föld; Öntözés; Klíma; Role of natural resources; Land; Climate change; Irrigation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119906

Vulnerability, Income Growth and Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Shively,   Gerald E.; Ward,   Patrick S.; Diffenbaugh,   Noah S.
Contributed Paper prepared for presentation at the International Association of Agricultural Economists’ 2009 Conference, Beijing, China, August 16-22, 2009.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Climate change; Economic development; Energy use; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49943

Estimating non-market values under scenario and policy ambiguity: the case of climate change mitigation in Australia
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Akter,   Sonia; Bennett,   Jeffrey W.
This report proposes an extension to existing models of non-expected utility (NEU) in the stated preference (SP) literature. The extension incorporates the impact of multiple sources of ambiguity in individual decision making behaviour. Empirical testing of the proposed decision model was carried out in Australia using a dichotomous choice contingent valuation study of a national carbon pollution reduction scheme (CPRS).   The results of the study demonstrate that subjective expectations of the context scenario and subjective policy expectations are important determinants of individual decision making in a stated preference framework. The results of the study also demonstrate that decision weight functions are non-linear (quadratic) in subjective scenario...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Non-expected utility; Scenario ambiguity; Policy ambiguity; Climate change; Australia; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C93-D81.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94881

Tajikistan’s Vulnerability to Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi.
Tajikistan is classified by the World Bank as one of the CIS countries that are most vulnerable to climate change risks. This paper provides a closer look at a set of variables that determine Tajikistan’s vulnerability to risk in general and to climate change risk in particular. After presenting some background information on Tajikistan (Chapter 1), we provide a conceptual introduction to vulnerability and discuss some quantitative approaches to vulnerability assessment that have been recently applied in the literature (Chapters 2-4). We then use official statistical data for Tajikistan to assess quantitatively a range of basic variables that are recognized in the literature as determinants or drivers of vulnerability (Chapter 5). These variables include...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Tajikistan; Climate change; Vulnerability; Land management; Food insecurity; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120259

Biological Carbon Sequestration and Carbon Trading Re-Visited
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
Under Kyoto, biological activities that sequester carbon can be used to create CO2 offset credits that could obviate the need for lifestyle-changing reductions in fossil fuel use. Credits are earned by storing carbon in terrestrial ecosystems and wood products, although CO2 emissions are also mitigated by delaying deforestation, which accounts for one-quarter of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. However, nonpermanent carbon offsets from biological activities are difficult to compare with each other and with emissions reduction because they differ in how long they prevent CO2 from entering the atmosphere. This is the duration problem; it results in uncertainty and makes it difficult to determine the legitimacy of biological activities in mitigating climate...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Carbon offset credits; Climate change; Duration of carbon sinks; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44262

Implementing the Clean Development Mechanism: Lessons from U.S. Private-Sector Participation in Activities Implemented Jointly
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lile,   Ronald D.; Powell,   Mark R.; Toman,   Michael.
The "Clean Development Mechanism" (CDM) contained in the December 1997 Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change provides, for the first time, the capacity for industrialized countries to claim credits for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions or offsets undertaken in cooperation with host developing countries. However, the Protocol provides no guidance on how these cooperative activities for GHG reduction and sustainable development would be undertaken in practice, including the particularly important issue of the relationship of the private sector vis-à-vis government institutions in designing, financing, and securing approval for jointly implemented GHG abatement projects. The pilot program for "Activities...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Joint implementation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q28; F21.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10868

Economics of Global Warming
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Gillespie,   Robert.
This paper conveniently skips any controversy associated with the science of climate change. On the assumption that greenhouse gas emissions are causing climate change that is detrimental to humanity, the paper focuses on some economic dimensions of the issue which seem to be poorly understood by Australian media commentators, policy analysts, interest groups and the political parties. Using a neoclassical welfare economics framework the paper explores the costs and benefits of greenhouse gas abatement with reference to the findings of the Stern Report, the setting of greenhouse gas targets by Australian political parties, the danger of the government “picking winners” and the emerging carbon theory of value. The paper concludes with a brief review of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Economics; Targets; Policy; Carbon tax; Cap and trade; Environmental Economics and Policy; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6006

Impacts of considering climate variability on investment decisions in Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Block,   Paul J.; Strzepek,   Kenneth M.; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Diao,   Xinshen.
Extreme interannual variability of precipitation within Ethiopia is not uncommon, inducing droughts or floods and often creating serious repercussions on agricultural and non-agricultural commodities. An agro-economic model, including mean climate variables, was developed to assess irrigation and road construction investment strategies in comparison to a baseline scenario over a 12-year time horizon. The motivation for this work is to evaluate whether the inclusion of climate variability in the model has a significant effect on prospective investment strategies and the resulting country-wide economy. The mean climate model is transformed into a variable climate model by dynamically adding yearly climate-yield factors, which influence agricultural...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Climate variability; Climate change; Water; Droughts; Flooding; Irrigation; Economic aspects; Road construction; Investments; Economic situation; Agro-economic model; Food and water security; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55419

Climate Change and Agriculture – A Review of Some Global and Caribbean Concerns
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Pemberton,   Carlisle A.
Belize City, Belize 23rd - 27th July, 2007
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Caribbean; Agriculture; Mitigation strategies; Agribusiness; Q54; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122906

What Has Kyoto Wrought? The Real Architecture of International Tradable Permit Markets
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hahn,   Robert W.; Stavins,   Robert N.
We investigate a central issue in the climate change debate associated with the Kyoto Protocol: the likely performance of international greenhouse gas trading mechanisms. Virtually all design studies and many projections of the costs of meeting the Kyoto targets have assumed that an international trading program can be established that minimizes the costs of meeting overall goals. This conclusion rests on several simplifying assumptions. We focus on one important issue that has received little, if any, attention: the interaction between an international trading regime and a heterogeneous set of domestic greenhouse policy instruments. This is an important issue because the Protocol explicitly provides for domestic sovereignty regarding instrument choice,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Tradable permits; International policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q28; Q25.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10747

Research Frontiers in the Economics of Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Toman,   Michael.
Academic and policy debates over climate change risks and policies have stimulated economic research in a variety of fields. In this article I briefly discuss eight overlapping areas of current research in which further effort particularly is warranted. These areas include decision criteria for policy; risk assessment and adaptation; uncertainty and learning; abatement cost and the innovation and diffusion of technology; and the credibility of policies and international agreements. Further analysis in these areas not only will advance academic understanding but also will provide insights of considerable importance to policymakers.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Sustainable development; Integrated assessment; Environmental uncertainty; Environmental policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28; Q48.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10507

Household perceptions of climate change and preferences for mitigation action: the case of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme in Australia
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Akter,   Sonia; Bennett,   Jeffrey W.
This study aims to show how Australian households perceive climate change and what they are prepared to do to reduce the harmful effects of climate change.    A web-based survey in November 2008 asked approximately 600 New South Wales households about their willingness to pay additional household expenses caused by the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS) proposed by the Australian government.   The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), a widely used non-market valuation technique, was applied. Results of the study show there is a positive demand to mitigate climate change in Australia resulting from a wish to avoid climate change. Households’ willingness to pay (WTP) for climate change was, however, significantly curbed as households was uncertain about...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Climate change; Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme; Willingness to pay; Uncertainty; Australia; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94819

Australia’s biosecurity: future challenges for animal industries
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nunn,   Mike J.
Australia’s very good animal health status faces a wide range of biosecurity challenges that will arise during the next decade from changes in disease risk, ecosystems, technology and the policy environment in which animal producers operate. An understanding of these challenges should help enable producers to adopt management strategies to make their enterprises more resilient, as well as help policy-makers make better-informed choices to maintain and improve the health of Australia’s animals and animal industries.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Animal health; Biosecurity; Climate change; Ecosystem change; Emerging diseases; Environmental change; Policy; Risk; Risk analysis; Technology; Farm Management.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122900

CLIMATE CHANGE AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: A SPATIAL SAMPLE SELECTION MODEL
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ward,   Patrick S.; Florax,   Raymond J.G.M.; Flores-Lagunes,   Alfonso.
Using data at a high spatial resolution, we estimate a cereal yield response function conditional upon climatological and topographical features using a recently developed estimator for spatial process models when sample selection is of concern. We control for localized spatial correlation in unobserved disturbances affecting both the selection to plant cereals as well as in the resulting conditional yield response. We find that cereal yields across Sub-Saharan Africa will decline with increasing temperatures resulting from global climate change, and that failing to control for sample selection leads to underestimation of these adverse effects.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; Climate change; Spatial econometrics; Sample selection; Generalized method of moments; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C31; Q18; C50.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116182

CLIMATE CHANGE SENSITIVITY ASSESSMENT ON UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN STREAMFLOWS USING SWAT
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jha,   Manoj K.; Arnold,   Jeffrey G.; Gassman,   Philip W.; Gu,   Roy.
The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to assess the impacts of potential future climate change on the hydrology of the Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB). Calibration and validation of SWAT were performed on a monthly basis for 1968-87 and 1988-97, respectively; R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe simulation efficiency (E) values computed for the monthly comparisons were 0.74 and 0.65 for the calibration period and 0.81 and 0.75 for the validation period. The impacts of eight 20-year (1971-90) scenarios were then analyzed, relative to a scenario baseline. A doubling of atmospheric CO2 concentrations was predicted to result in an average annual flow increase of 35 percent. An average annual flow decrease of 15 percent was estimated for a constant...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Flow; Hydrology; Simulation; Spatial patterns; Watershed; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18419

The Effect of Climate Change on Land Use and Wetlands Conservation in Western Canada: An Application of Positive Mathematical Programming
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Withey,   Patrick; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
This study examines the impact of climate change on land use in the Prairie Pothole Region of Western Canada, with particular emphasis on how climate change will impact wetlands. A multi-region Positive Mathematical Programming model calibrates land use in the area to observed acreage in 2006. Policy simulations for both climate effects as well as the effects of biofuel policies determine how climate change will affect land use and wetlands. Given that the model calibrates to observed acreage, the policies provide a realistic view of how land use might change from current levels, given the effects of climate change. Results indicate that climate change could decrease wetlands in this area by as much as 50 percent. The effect will be very different...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Positive mathematical programming; Wetlands conservation; Land use change; Climate change; Biofuels; Prairie pothole region; Environmental Economics and Policy; C02; C63; Q15; Q54; Q57; Q24; Q25.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107095

Carbon Sequestration in Forest Ecosystems as a Strategy for Mitigating Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; Wang,   Yichuan; Laaksonen-Craig,   Susanna.
Under Kyoto, forestry activities that sequester carbon can be used to create CO2 offset credits that could obviate the need for lifestyle-changing reductions in fossil fuel use. Credits are earned by storing carbon in forest ecosystems and wood products, although CO2 emissions are also mitigated by delaying deforestation, which accounts for one-quarter of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Non-permanent carbon offsets from forest activities are difficult to compare with each other and with mitigation strategies because they differ in how long they prevent CO2 from entering the atmosphere. In this paper, we investigate issues of carbon sequestration in detail, but in particular we expand in comprehensive fashion on earlier work comparing carbon mitigation...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Carbon offset credits from forestry activities; Meta-regression analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q54; R15; Q23; Q27.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9931

Impacts of climate change on water resources and agriculture in Sri Lanka: a review and preliminary vulnerability mapping
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Eriyagama,   Nishadi; Smakhtin,   Vladimir U.; Chandrapala,   Lalith; Fernando,   Karin.
There is ample evidence to suggest that Sri Lanka’s climate has already changed. However, the bigger question of national importance is what Sri Lanka’s climate will look like in 50 or 100 years and how prepared the country is to face such changes. This report reviews the status of climate change (CC) research/activities in Sri Lanka in terms of observed and projected climatic changes, their impacts on water resources and agriculture, CC mitigation and adaptation, and research needs. The study also developed a pilot level CC Vulnerability Index, which was subsequently mapped at district level. The maps indicate that typical farming districts such as Nuwara Eliya, Badulla, Moneragala, Ratnapura and Anuradhapura are the most vulnerable to CC due to their...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Rain; Water resource management; Crops; Mapping; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94787

Household perceptions of climate change and preferences for mitigation action: the case of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme in Australia
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Akter,   Sonia; Bennett,   Jeffrey W.
The study aims to reveal Australian households’ perceptions of climate change and their preferences for climate change mitigation actions. A web-based survey was conducted in November 2008 in which about 600 New South Wales households were asked for their willingness to bear extra household expenditure to support the ‘Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS)’ as proposed by the Australian government. The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), a widely used non-market valuation technique, was applied using the single bounded dichotomous choice elicitation format. Results of the study demonstrate that, currently, there is a positive demand for climate change mitigation action in Australia. The main motivation for this positive demand stems from a desire to avoid...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Climate change; Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme; Willingness to pay; Uncertainty; Australia.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47936

Improving Agronomic Structure in Econometric Models of Climate Change Impacts
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ortiz-Bobea,   Ariel.
Economists are relying on agronomic concepts to construct weather or climate independent variables and improve the reliability and efficiency of econometric models of climate change impact on U.S. agriculture. The use of cumulative heat measures in agronomy (growing degree-days), has recently served as a basis for the introduction of plurimonthly calendar heat variables in these models. However, season-long weather conditions seem at odds with conventional agronomic wisdom that emphasizes crucial differences in crop stage sensitivity to environmental stress. In this paper I show that weather variables matched to key corn development stages provide an enhanced and more stable fit than their calendar counterparts. More importantly, the proposed...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Climate change; Corn; Degree-days; Phenology; Proxy; Yield; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q54; C23.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103656

Modeling agricultural production risk and the adaptation to climate change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Finger,   Robert; Schmid,   Stephanie.
A model that integrates biophysical simulations in an economic model is used to analyze the impact of climate change on crop production. The biophysical model simulates future plant-management-climate relationships and the economic model simulates farmers' adaptation actions to climate change using a nonlinear programming approach. Beyond the development of average yields, special attention is devoted to the impact of climate change on crop yield variability. This study analyzes corn and winter wheat production on the Swiss Plateau with respect to climate change scenarios that cover the period of 2030-2050. In our model, adaptation options such as changes in seeding dates, changes in production intensity and the adoption of irrigation farming are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Robust estimation; Yield variation; Corn; Winter wheat; Market liberalization; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9270

Projections of economic impacts of climate change in agriculture in Europe
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Quiroga,   Sonia; Iglesias,   Ana.
RESUMEN This study provides monetary estimates of the impacts of climate change in European agriculture. Future scenarios are derived from several socio-economic scenarios and experiments conducted using global climate moedls and regional climate models. The economic valuation is conducted by using GTAP general equilibrium model across simulations based on crop productivity changes that consider no restrictions in the volume of water available for irrigation in current irrigated areas or in the application of nitrogen fertilizer. Thus the results should be considered optimistic from the production point and pessimistic from the environmental point of view. Regional differences between northern and southern European countries are found and the monetary...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Climate change; General equilibrium models; Agricultura; Cambio climático; Modelos de equilibrio general; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7053

Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Awareness Study
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Aubin,   Pierre; Auger,   Genevieve; Perreault,   Claude.
This study falls within the enhancing awareness and understanding theme of the National Climate Change Strategy. It was conducted by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada in January/February 2001 and involved   1,643 farming operation, feeder cattle, dairy cattle, hogs and poultry producers.  The purpose of this study is to assess producers' level of awareness of climate change and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as well as their understanding of the role of agriculture in the emissions of GHG. This   study also establishes a baseline measurement that will be used to evaluate the success of the awareness and public education effort regarding climate change and GHG.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Greenhouse gas emissions; Emission targets; Kyoto protocol; National climate change process; Survey; Farm Management; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53932

Designing Contracts for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Cordero Salas,   Paula.
Reduction of carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) has been identified as a cost effective element of the post-Kyoto strategy to achieve long-term climate objectives. The success of REDD depends primarily on the design and implementation of a financial mechanism that provides land-holders sufficient incentives to participate in a REDD scheme. This paper proposes relational contracting as a more appropriate framework for analyzing proposed REDD incentive regimes rather than that of complete contracting enforcement because relational contracting relies upon mutual self-enforcement in a repeated transaction framework, which better suits the stylized facts of REDD. We characterize the optimal REDD relational contract and provide the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contracts; Incomplete enforcement; Carbon sequestration; Climate change; Institutions; Development.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Land Economics/Use; D86; K12; L14; O12; Q54; Q56.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61129

Regulating Stock Externalities Under Uncertainty
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Newell,   Richard G.; Pizer,   William A.
Using a simple analytical model incorporating benefits of a stock, costs of adjusting the stock, and uncertainty in costs, we uncover several important principles governing the choice of price-based policies (e.g., taxes) relative to quantity-based policies (e.g., tradable permits) for controlling stock externalities. Applied to the problem of greenhouse gases and climate change, we find that a price-based instrument generates several times the expected net benefits of a quantity instrument. As in Weitzman (1974), the relative slopes of the marginal benefits and costs of controlling the externality continue to be critical determinants of the efficiency of prices relative to quantities, with flatter marginal benefits and steeper marginal costs favoring...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Stock; Externality; Regulation; Policy; Uncertainty; Price; Quantity; Tax; Tradable permit; Pollution; Climate change; Greenhouse Gas; Instrument choice; Risk and Uncertainty; Q28; D81; C61.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10471

Ancillary Benefits of Reduced Air Pollution in the United States from Moderate Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Policies in the Electricity Sector
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas; Krupnick,   Alan J.; Palmer,   Karen L.; Paul,   Anthony; Toman,   Michael; Bloyd,   Cary.
This paper considers how moderate actions to slow atmospheric accumulation of greenhouse gases from fossil fuel use also could reduce conventional air pollutants in the United States. The benefits that result would be "ancillary" to greenhouse gas abatement. Moreover, the benefits would tend to accrue locally and in the near term, while benefits from reduced climate change mostly accrue globally and over a time frame of several decades or longer. The previous literature suggests that changes in nitrogen oxides (NOx) would be the most important consequence of moderate carbon policies. We calculate these changes in a detailed electricity model linked to an integrated assessment framework to value changes in human health. A tax of $25 per metric ton of carbon...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Greenhouse gas; Ancillary benefits; Air pollution; Co-control benefits; Nitrogen oxides; Sulfur dioxide; Carbon dioxide; Particulates; Health; Environmental Economics and Policy; H23; I18; Q48.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10664

Energy efficiency, innovation, and job creation in California
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Roland-Holst,   David W.
Global climate change poses significant risks to the California economy. Recognizing and responding to these threats, Governor Schwarzenegger signed Executive Order #S-3-05 (Schwarzenegger 2005) which called for a 30 percent reduction below business-as-usual of greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 and 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050. In September 2006, the California legislature passed and Governor Schwarzenegger signed into law the historic Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32), which mandates a first-in-the-nation limit on emissions that cause global warming. In June 2006, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) released a “Draft Scoping Plan” – the policy roadmap to meet the emissions reduction target of 169 Million Metric Tons of Carbon (MMTCO2)...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Energy; Sustainability; Climate change; Economic policy; Energy policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46718

Climate change impacts on northern NSW beef producers
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Andrews,   Todd.
Special Edition Sheep and Cattle production in New South Wales
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Beef production; Northern New South Wales; Farm Management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121465

Socioeconomic Impacts of Climate Variability and Change on U.S. Water Resources
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Frederick,   Kenneth D.; Schwarz,   Gregory E.
The socioeconomic costs of floods, droughts, and water scarcity in the years 2030 and 2095 are examined under three climate scenarios: continuation of the current climate and two climate-change scenarios based on projections from the respective results of the Canadian and Hadley general circulation models. Measures of the adequacy of water supplies to meet both withdrawal and instream uses under current and future conditions are developed for the 18 major water resources regions and 99 assessment subregions in the conterminous United States. Past and likely future changes in the infrastructure available to control and distribute water, the costs of nontraditional sources of supply, water management practices, conservation opportunities, the nature of the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water and climate; Climate change; Socioeconomic impacts of climate change; Adaptation to climate change; Water management and climate change; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q2.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10786

Where is it Cheapest to Cut Carbon Emissions?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Stern,   David I.; Lambie,   Neil Ross.
The relative cost of carbon emissions reductions across regions depends on whether we measure cost by marginal or total cost, private or economy-wide cost, and using market or purchasing power parity exchange rates. If all countries are on the same marginal carbon abatement cost curve then lower marginal costs of abatement are associated with higher energy intensities and higher total costs of abatement in achieving proportional cuts in emissions, equal emissions per capita, or common global carbon price targets. We test this conjecture using the results of the GTEM computable general equilibrium model as presented in the climate change economics review conducted by the Australian Treasury Department. Rankings of countries by costs do differ depending on...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Costs; Developing countries; Computable general equilibrium; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q52; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95058

Can a Warmer Climate Save Northern Agriculture?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Gaasland,   Ivar.
Agriculture at high latitudes is expected to be a main beneficiary of a man-made climate change. A numerical model, using Norway as a case, is employed to analyze the impacts of a warmer climate on northern agriculture. The computations indicate that the current degree of self-sufficiency can be achieved with less budget support and higher economic welfare. However, it may be argued that environmental goods, such as landscape and biodiversity preservation, and rural settlement, are more important than self-sufficiency for northern agriculture. It is demonstrated that, in that case, welfare gains are substantially lower, and can even be negative.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Northern agriculture; Environmental goods; Numerical model; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; L52; Q18; Q24.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24551

The Potential Effects of Climate Change on the Productivity, Costs, and Returns of U.S. Dairy Production
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Key,   Nigel D.; Sneeringer,   Stacy E.
Climate change could affect the costs and returns of livestock production by altering the thermal environment of animals thereby affecting animal health, reproduction, and the efficiency by which livestock convert feed into retained products (especially meat and milk).  In the United States, concentrated livestock operations are located in a variety of climatic regions, suggesting that the industry could adapt to future changes in temperature and weather patterns resulting from global warming.   However, this adaption could be costly.  We use nationally representative data on dairy producers coupled with finely-scaled climate data to empirically examine how producers’ costs, returns, and production systems vary across U.S. regions as a function of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Dairy; Temperature humidity index; Economics; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Q5.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103461

Importance of Sustainability on Agriculture in Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Louw,   Andre; Ndanga,   Leah Z.B.
This paper seeks to describe and discuss the impact that climate changes, and other challenges in terms of sustainability, have had on Africa and particularly on South Africa. It seeks to discuss the extent to which these changes directly and indirectly impact agriculture and the measures that are currently underway, with particular reference to South Africa, as well as suggest other strategies that could be implemented to attenuate the effects of climate change, thereby advancing the global shift towards sustainability. The paper discusses environmental and other changes that have taken place in Africa and asserts that the continent is in a particularly difficult situation in light of the debate on sustainability versus productivity. The fact that most of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Agriculture; South Africa; Climate change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96810

Klímaváltozás és élelmezésbiztonság
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Biacs,   Peter Akos.
Magyarországon – hosszú távon – fokozatos felmelegedés, a csapadék mennyiségének csökkenése és a szélsőséges időjárási események gyakoriságának, intenzitásának és kártételének növekedése várható. Az alkalmazkodás stratégiája szerint egy melegebb és szárazabb időszakra szükséges felkészíteni a gazdaságot és a lakosságot. A váratlanul jelentkező szélsőséges időjárási események káros hatásainak megelőzésére gyors reagálást biztosító feltételeket indokolt létrehozni szervezési, technikai és szervezeti téren. A várható változások regionális vonatkozásai közül a melegedésben elsősorban hazánk keleti és északnyugati területei dominálnak, míg az ország középső része a legkevésbé, ugyanakkor a csapadékra nehéz regionálisan általános következtetéseket levonni....
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Világélelmezés; Élelmezésbiztonság; Klímaváltozás; Global food supply; The safety of food supply; Climate change; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119933

Disaster Risk, Social Vulnerability and Economic Development
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ward,   Patrick S.; Shively,   Gerald E.
We examine the extent to which economic development reduces both a country's disaster risk and its social vulnerability to climate-related disasters.  Global climate change is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as droughts, floods, and various types of storms.  Moreover, the effects of these extreme weather events are expected to be borne disproportionately in areas of the world already challenged by underdevelopment.  We find that the ability of economic development to reduce disaster risk depends on a country's income level; additional income becomes less effective in reducing disaster risk as countries become wealthier.  We find that, conditional on a disaster occurring, higher incomes generally reduce a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Natural disasters; Climate change; Economic development; Vulnerability; International Development; Political Economy; I3; Q5; O2.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102984

Measuring the Welfare Loss to Landowners of Future Geographic Shifts In the Suitable Habitat for Vegetation Due to Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Howard,   Peter H.
Scientists predict that global warming will cause suitable habitat ranges to shift for many plant species, including blue oak in California.  If proximity to particular land cover types significantly affects human welfare, any such shifts will affect household welfare, resulting in an indirect cost that is currently unaccounted for in the climate change literature.  Using a hedonic pricing model, the marginal values of blue oaks and the land cover types most likely to replace them are estimated at multiple spatial scales using single family residences sold in Kern County from 1997 to 2003.  In addition to the common identification problems of specification error and omitted variable bias, the variables measuring the degree of proximity of a property to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Hedonic; Multi-scale capitalization; Housing demand; Species distribution model; Climate change; Displacement of native species; Vegetation movement; Geographic Information System (GIS); Amenity value; Land use; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103640

Cow maternal efficiency: “Giving the girls some credit”
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Herd,   Robert M.; Accioly,   J.; Arthur,   Paul F.; Copping,   Katrina; Deland,   Mick; Donoghue,   Kath; Edwards,   Nick; Graham,   John; Hebart,    Michelle; Jones,   F.; Laurence,   Michael; Lee,   Stephen; Parnell,   Peter F.; Pitchford,   Wayne; Speijers,   Jane.
Special Edition Sheep and Cattle Production in New South Wales
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Beef; Cow; Productivity; Efficiency; Fat; Ebv; Climate change; Farm Management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121456

Környezeti és társadalmi felelősségvállalás az agráriumban
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hollo,   Marta; Balint,   Janos; Gal-Berey,   Tunde; Juhasz,   Maria.
Néhány évtizeddel ezelőtt a vidék és a mezőgazdaság fő feladata az volt, hogy elegendő mennyiségű és megfelelő minőségű élelmiszert és ipari alapanyagot állítson elő, hatékonyan foglalkoztatva a vidéki népesség jelentős hányadát. Később felmerült, hogy csökkenteni kellene az agrárium okozta környezeti terhelést, elsősorban a vegyszerfelhasználást minimalizálva. Ebből a törekvésből fejlődött ki a ma már az egész fejlett világban sikeres biotermesztés, ökológiai gazdálkodás. A század- és ezredfordulón azonban új, sokkal diverzifikáltabb igények is megjelentek; a klímaváltozást előidéző gázok kibocsátás-csökkentésétől a helyi termékek fogyasztásáig, az élelmiszer-biztonságtól a szegény országok megsegítéséig. Tanulmányunk ezekre az új kihívásokra (food miles,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Klímaváltozás; Élelmiszer-mérföldek; Ökológiai lábnyom; Virtuális víz; Biodiverzitás; Climate change; Food miles; Ecological footprint; Virtual water; Biodiversity; Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92419

Waterfowl Harvest Benefits in Northern Aboriginal Communities and Potential Climate Change Impacts
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Krcmar,   Emina; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; Chan-McLeod,   Ann.
Migratory waterfowl are important to the diets of residents in Canada’s northern communities. Contrary to recreational hunters, indigenous peoples have rights to harvest wildlife for subsistence needs without permits. As a result, migratory waterfowl are an important component of diets of Aboriginal peoples in northern Canada, substituting for expensive beef transported from the south. Wild geese and duck provide many benefits to native people, including improved nutrition and health. In this paper, scaled-down data from global climate models are used in a wildlife model to project potential migratory waterfowl abundance in the Northwest Territories for three future periods up to 2080. The models project potential future harvests of geese and ducks by...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Subsistence harvests by indigenous peoples; Diet and nutrition; Climate change; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q54; O13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94934

A Ricardian analysis of the impact of climate change on African cropland
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kurukulasuriya,   Pradeep; Mendelsohn,   Robert.
This study examines the impact of climate change on cropland in Africa, using a Ricardian cross-sectional approach. Relying on farm data from an 11-country survey of over 9500 farmers, annual net revenue is regressed on climate and other variables. The study confirms that current climate affects the net revenues of farms across Africa. Applying these results to possible future climates reveals that dryland farms are especially climate sensitive. Even as early as 2020, climate change could have strong negative impacts on currently dry and hot locations. By 2100, dryland crop net revenues could rise by 51% if future warming is mild and wet but fall by 43% if future climates are hot and dry. The crop net revenues of currently irrigated farms are likely to be...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Agriculture; Valuation; Africa; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; Q25.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56965

Early indicators of the extent of climate change on Australian farms
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Crean,   Jason; Parton,   Kevin A.; Hayman,   Peter; Mullen,   John D.
More research is needed before we know the implications of climate change for Australian farms. Nevertheless given the information at hand, an assessment can be made of some early indicators. First, the severity of the recent drought was compared with earlier droughts. Second, the trend in rainfall was examined. Third, projections of climate change were reviewed to assess the likely course of climate variability, and hence provide a picture of the severity of future droughts. Although further research is warranted, the indications are that even if rainfall is no lower in future droughts, they may seem more severe because rising temperatures will tend to increase evaporation and reduce runoff.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Climate change; Climate variability; Farming; Farm Management.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121496

(In)Efficient Management of Interacting  Environmental Bads
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kuosmanen,   Timo; Laukkanen,   Marita.
Many environmental problems involve the transformation of multiple harmful substances into one or more damage agents much in the same way as a firm transforms inputs into outputs. Yet environmental management differs from a firm’s production in one important respect: while a firm seeks efficient input allocation to maximize profit, an environmental planner allocates abatement efforts to render the production of damage agents as inefficient as possible. We characterize a solution to the hmultiple pollutants problem and show that the optimal policy is often a corner solution, in which abatement is focused on a single pollutant. Corner solutions may arise even in well-behaved problems with concave production functions and convex damage and cost functions....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Cost-benefit analysis; Eutrophication; Multiple pollutants; Optimal environmental policy; Pollution control; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54287

Prospects for Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Anderson,   Soren T.; Newell,   Richard G.
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies remove carbon dioxide from flue gases for storage in geologic formations or the ocean. We find that CCS is technically feasible and economically attractive within the range of carbon policies discussed domestically and internationally. Current costs are about $200 to $250 per ton of carbon, although costs are sensitive to fuel prices and other assumptions and could be reduced significantly through technical improvements. Near-term prospects favor CCS for certain industrial sources and electric power plants, with storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs. Deep aquifers may provide an attractive longer-term storage option, whereas ocean storage poses greater technical and environmental uncertainty. Vast...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Capture; Storage; Sequestration; Climate change; Technology; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q30; Q40; O30.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10879

Subjective Risk, Confidence, and Ambiguity
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Traeger,   Christian P.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ambiguity; Subjective beliefs; Expected utility; Intertemporal substitutability; Intertemporal risk aversion; Recursive utility; Uncertainty; Climate change; Risk and Uncertainty; D81; Q54; D90; Q01.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90461

Néhány gondolat a 2010. évi időjárási szélsőségek nyomán a fenntartható erdőgazdálkodásról
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Solymos,   Rezso.
2010 emlékezetes esztendeje lesz a magyarországi erdőknek, erdőgazdálkodásnak is. Kedvezőtlen időjárási tényezők sora és mértéke okozott nem várt károkat erdeinkben. Afák ezreit, az erdők több száz hektárját tarolta le a kíméletlen vihar és tette kérdésessé az adott területen megcélzott fenntartható, természetközeli erdőgazdálkodást. A2010. évi tapasztalatok is megerősítették a klímaváltozással kapcsolatos kutatások folytatásának az indokoltságát és a gyakorlati tapasztalatok összegezését, értékelését, ezek mielőbbi hasznosítását. Afolyamatban levő kutatások főleg hosszabb idő elteltével szolgáltatnak majd tudományosan megalapozott, a gyakorlatban is hasznosítható eredményeket.  Az erdőket veszélyeztető abiotikus és biotikus károk között a szélsőséges...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Klímaváltozás; Fenntarthatóság; Erdőgazdálkodás; Faj és fajta; Természetközeliség.; Climate change; Sustainability; Sylviculture; Species and variety; Natural management; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99201

Greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture in the EU: A spatial assessment of sources and abatement costs
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: de Cara,   Stephane; Houze,   Martin; Jayet,   Pierre-Alain.
Agriculture contributes significantly to the emissions of greenhouse gases in the EU. By using a farm-type, linear-programming based model of the European agricultural supply, we first assess the initial levels of methane and nitrous oxide emissions at the regional level in the EU. For a range of CO2 prices, we assess the potential abatement that can be achieved through an IPCC-based emission tax in EU agriculture, as well as the resulting optimal mix of emission sources in the total abatement. Further, we show that the spatial variability of the abatement actually achieved at a given carbon price is large, indicating that abatement cost heterogeneity is a fundamental feature in the design of a mitigation policy. We assess the efficiency loss associated...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Greenhouse gas emissions; Agriculture; Methane; Nitrous oxide; European Union; Marginal abatement costs; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q15.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58401

MARGINAL ABATEMENT COST CURVES FOR UK AGRICULTURAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Moran,   Dominic; MacLeod,   Michael J.; Wall,   Eileen; Eory,   Vera; McVittie,   Alistair; Barnes,   Andrew Peter; Rees,   Robert; Topp,   Cairistiona; Moxey,   Andrew.
This paper addresses the challenge of developing a ‘bottom-up’ marginal abatement cost curve (MACC) for greenhouse gas emissions from UK agriculture. A MACC illustrates the costs of specific crop, soil, and livestock abatement measures against a ‘‘business as usual’’ scenario. The results indicate that in 2022 under a specific policy scenario, around 5.38 MtCO2 equivalent (e) could be abated at negative or zero cost. A further 17% of agricultural GHG emissions (7.85 MtCO2e) could be abated at a lower unit cost than the UK Government’s 2022 shadow price of carbon (£34 (tCO2e)-1). The paper discusses a range of methodological hurdles that complicate cost-effectiveness appraisal of abatement in agriculture relative to other sectors.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Marginal abatement costs; Agriculture; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q52; Q 54; Q58.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91399

World Agriculture and Climate Change: Economic Adaptations
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Darwin,   Roy; Tsigas,   Marinos E.; Lewandrowski,   Jan; Raneses,   Anton.
Recent studies suggest that possible global increases in temperature and changes in precipitation patterns during the next century will affect world agriculture. Because of the ability of farmers to adapt , however, these changes are not likely to imperil world food production. Nevertheless, world production of all goods and services may decline, if climate change is severe enough or if cropland expansion is hindered. Impacts are not equally distributed around the world.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Climate change; World agriculture; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33933

Adaptation to Climate Change in Marine Capture Fisheries
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Grafton,   R. Quentin.
This Research Report responds to the challenge for marine capture fisheries of how and when to adapt to climate change. The report presents: (1) a set of fisheries climate change policy options (2) a risk and vulnerability assessment tool and management decision-making framework; and (3) ex ante and ex post climate adaptation possibilities in the marine environment.   The report also includes: (1) a discussion  of  how management objectives and instruments influence resilience and adaptation; (2) a decision-making process to assess vulnerabilities to climate change and to manage adaptation responses; (3) an inter-temporal framework to help decision-makers know when to adapt; (4) a risk and simulation approach to confront the uncertainties of the possible...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Climate adaptation; Climate change; Fisheries; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94886

The Economics of Technology Diffusion: Implications for Climate Policy in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Blackman,   Allen.
Recent efforts to forge a consensus on the role developing countries should play in reducing global greenhouse gas emissions have focused attention on climate friendly technologies (CFTs), most notably those that enhance energy efficiency. In the medium term, the effectiveness of technology-based climate strategies will depend critically on the rates at which CFTs diffuse in developing countries. This paper reviews some of the key findings of the economics research on technology diffusion and assesses the implications for climate policy. The most obvious lessons from this research are that widespread diffusion of CFTs may take decades, and that diffusion rates in developing and industrialized countries are likely to be quite different. In addition, the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Technology diffusion; Climate change; Developing countries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O33; O38; Q25; Q28; O48.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10574

What is the economic cost of climate change?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hanemann,   W. Michael.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Economic analysis; Greenhouse effect; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46999

Új paradigma az agrárgazdaságban: alkalmazkodás a globális kihívásokhoz
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Csete,   Laszlo.
Rendkívül fontos a paradigmák és a külföldi üzemtani, agrár-gazdaságtani tudományos világ eredményeinek, tapasztalatainak a megismerése, de a követő magatartás mellett, helyett a kibontakozó vagy várható változásokra és ezek hatásaira irányuló kutatások kezdeményezése szolgálhatja mindenekelőtt a hazai mező-erdőgazdaság és élelmiszer-ellátás biztonságát, valamint érdekeit a rohamosan átalakuló, egyre komplexebb és veszélyesebb világban. A különféle folyamatok nem, vagy csak alig, rendkívüli erőfeszítések árán és csak igen lassan alakíthatók, befolyásolhatók. Ezért szükségszerű a globális kihívásokhoz való előrelátó alkalmazkodás kutatása, nevezetesen a klímaváltozás, a fenntarthatóság és a globalizáció kihívásaihoz, melyek egyenként is számtalan kutatási...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Paradigma; Kihívások; Klímaváltozás; Fenntarthatóság; Globalizáció; Paradigm; Challenges; Climate change; Sustainability; Globalization; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58601

Carbon Markets and Methane Digesters:  Potential Implications for the Dairy Sector
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Key,   Nigel D.; Sneeringer,   Stacy E.
Anaerobic digesters that capture and burn manure methane can provide a renewable source of energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Paying producers for these emission reductions—either directly or through a carbon offset market—could substantially increase digester adoption. However, there is likely to be wide variation in the scale, location, and characteristics of adopters, so these policies could have long run structural implications for the livestock sector. Using a model of digester profits and data from a nationally-representative survey of dairy operations we estimate the likely distribution of digester adoption and profits under different carbon price scenarios.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Anaerobic digester; Carbon offsets; Climate change; Distribution; Livestock; Methane; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q12; Q16; Q42; Q54; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117952

Environmental and Technology Policies for Climate Change and Renewable Energy
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Fischer,   Carolyn; Newell,   Richard G.
We assess different policies for reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and promoting the innovation and diffusion of CO2-reducing power technologies: (1) emissions price, (2) tax on fossil power, (3) tradable emissions performance standard, (4) market share requirement for renewables, (5) renewables production subsidy, and (6) R&amp;D subsidy for renewables. We evaluate the relative performance of the policies according to incentives they provide along different avenues for emissions reduction, their efficiency, and other salient outcomes. We also assess how the nature of technological progress-whether it occurs by learning by doing or R&amp;D investment and the degree of knowledge spillovers -affects the desirability of different policies. In a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environment; Technology; Policy instruments; Climate change; Renewable energy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q21; Q28; Q48; O38.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10789

Economic Impact of Climate Change on Irrigated Rice Agriculture in Nigeria
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ajetomobi,   Joshua Olusegun; Abidun,   Ajiboye; Hassan,   Rashid M.
This study employed the Ricardian approach to test the relative importance of climate normals (average long-term temperature and precipitation) in explaining net revenue from Nigerian rice agriculture under irrigation and dry land conditions.   A survey was done by interviewing 1200 rice farmers from 20 rice producing states in Nigeria. The states covered all the six geopolitical zones in the country. The results showed that increase in temperature will reduce net revenue for dry land rice farms while net revenue rises with increase in temperature for irrigated rice farms. Precipitation had similar effects on rice net revenue. Increase in precipitation will cause reduction in revenue for dry land rice farms whereas it will cause increase in revenue for...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Irrigation; Net Revenue; Nigeria; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q12; Q25.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95778

UK parliamentary inquiry into global food crisis: call for evidence: How to better manage water so that 9 billion people can be fed equitably, healthily, safely and sustainably by 2050
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Chartres,   Colin J.
Invited submission from the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) to the United Kingdom Parliament on 2 June 2009.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Research institutes; Agricultural research; Policy; Water resource management; Irrigated farming; Rainfed farming; Farming systems; Food security; Water productivity; Water scarcity; Population growth; Water reuse; Food production; Water use; Biofuels; Urbanization; Climate change; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91800

National Conference on Water, Food Security and Climate Change in Sri Lanka, Volume 2: Proceedings of the Water Quality, Environment and Climate Change, BMICH, Colombo June 9-11, 2009
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Wetlands; Environmental flows; Assessment; Water allocation; Case studies; Rivers; Farming systems; Models; Groundwater; Aquifers; Domestic water; Rainfed farming; Climate change; Wastewater irrigation; Rice; Food security; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118404

Climate Change Policy
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Shogren,   Jason F.; Toman,   Michael.
Having risen from relative obscurity as few as ten years ago, climate change now looms large among environmental policy issues. Its scope is global; the potential environmental and economic impacts are ubiquitous; the potential restrictions on human choices touch the most basic goals of people in all nations; and the sheer scope of the potential response - a significant shift away from using fossil fuels as the primary energy source in the modern economy -is daunting. In this paper, we explore the economics of climate change policy. We examine the risks that climate change poses for society, the benefits of protection against the effects of climate change, and the costs of alternative protection policies. We organize our discussion around three broad...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Incentive-based policy; International environmental cooperation; Benefit-cost analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28; Q48.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10767

International agricultural research for food security, poverty reduction, and the environment: What to expect from scaling up CGIAR investments and “Best Bet” programs.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Fan,   Shenggen; Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Developing countries; CGIAR; Food prices; Poverty reduction; Hunger; Agricultural research food security; Environment Agricultural innovation; Agricultural development; Climate change; Agricultural biodiversity; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46016

Mapping drought patterns and impacts: a global perspective
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Eriyagama,   Nishadi; Smakhtin,   Vladimir U.; Gamage,   Nilantha.
The study examines the global pattern and impacts of droughts through mapping several drought-related characteristics - either at a country level or at regular grid scales. It appears that arid and semi-arid areas also tend to have a higher probability of drought occurrence. It is illustrated that the African continent is lagging behind the rest of the world on many indicators related to drought-preparedness and that agricultural economies, overall, are much more vulnerable to adverse societal impacts of meteorological droughts. The study also examines the ability of various countries to satisfy their water needs during droughts using storage-related indices.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Drought; Impact assessment; Indicators; Hydrology; Mapping; Climate change; River basins; Dams; Water scarcity; Disasters; Risks; Precipitation; Runoff; Soil degradation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57027

Economic Analysis and the Formulation of U.S. Climate Policy
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Toman,   Michael.
Economic analysts within government agencies as well as outside government has played a noticeable and increasing role in formulating U.S. climate policy. However, that role has remained limited; in particular, economic analysis has largely been ignored and occasionally even derided in the context of setting targets for GHG control. This paper explores this uneasy relationship between analysis and policy during several U.S. administrations. Some of these problems stem from the incompleteness of the economic analyses themselves, and economic analysts sometimes have not been the most effective advocates for their own findings. However, I think one of the biggest obstacles to more effective use of economic analysis in climate policymaking has been a basic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Kyoto Protocol; Council of Economic Advisers; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q2; Q4.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10528

Gauging the Vulnerability of Local Water Utilities to Extreme Weather Events
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hersh,   Robert; Wernstedt,   Kris.
Water utilities that rely on surface water may be vulnerable to future droughts and floods, a vulnerability that may be magnified by climate perturbations as well as shorter-term and, in some cases, ongoing changes in the political and regulatory environment in which utilities operate. Unfortunately, day-to-day responsibilities currently occupy most utility operators, leaving little time to plan for inherently uncertain effects. The record of actual responses to past droughts and floods can be illuminating, however, particularly when placed in the context of plausible hydrologic and institutional disruptions. This paper draws on interviews of water utility operators in the northwestern U.S. to highlight opportunities and constraints that water utilities...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water utilities; Extreme events; Environmental planning; Climate variability; Climate change; Adaptation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10649

Biological Carbon Sequestration and Carbon Trading Re-visited
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
Under Kyoto, biological activities that sequester carbon can be used to create CO2 offset credits that could obviate the need for lifestyle-changing reductions in fossil fuel use. Credits are earned by storing carbon in terrestrial ecosystems and wood products, although CO2 emissions are also mitigated by delaying deforestation, which accounts for one-quarter of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. However, non-permanent carbon offsets from biological activities are difficult to compare with each other and with emissions reduction because they differ in how long they prevent CO2 from entering the atmosphere. This is the duration problem; it results in uncertainty and makes it difficult to determine the legitimacy of biological activities in mitigating climate...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon offset credits from biological activities; Climate change; Duration of carbon sinks; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37083

Optimal Forest Rotations with Environmental Values and Endogenous Fire Risk
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Daigneault,   Adam J.; Sohngen,   Brent; Miranda,   Mario J.
This paper develops a model that solves for the optimal economic harvest rotation problem to maximize revenue of an even-aged forest plantation when there is a risk of a catastrophic forest fire.  The paper also investigates the feasibility of using fire prone stands for carbon sequestration and estimates the effects that it would have on the optimal management regime and rotation age empirically using a typical Douglas-fir stand in the Pacific Northwest.  The model incorporates risk-reducing management practices that allow risk and growth to be endogenous, and the optimal rotation model is solved using numerical simulation techniques. Results show that higher carbon prices increase the rotation length regardless of the probability of fire and that the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Carbon sequestration; Stochastic risk; Forest management; Optimal rotation; Silviculture; Forest fires; Climate change; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9738

Climate change impacts and adaptation in Nepal.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Bartlett,   Ryan; Bharati,   Luna; Pant,   Dhruba; Hosterman,   Heather; McCornick,   Peter G.
The impact of climate change (CC) on water resources is likely to affect agricultural systems and food security. This is especially true for Nepal, a least developed country, where a high percentage of the population is dependent on agriculture for its livelihoods. It is thus crucial for Nepal’s leaders and resource managers to draft and begin implementing national adaptation plans. This working paper aims to create a more comprehensive understanding of how the impacts of CC will be realized at different scales in Nepal, from household livelihoods to national food security, and the many institutions governing the ultimate adaptation process.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Impact assessment; Adaptation; National planning; Institutions; Water resource management; Social aspects; Political aspects; River basins; Runoff; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108670

The economics of agrobiodiversity conservation for food security under climate change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Pascual,   Unai; Narloch,   Ulf; Nordhagen,   Stella; Drucker,   Adam G.
Subsistence-based and natural resource-dependent societies are especially vulnerable to climate change. In such contexts, food security needs to be strengthened by investing in the adaptability of food systems. This paper looks into the role of agrobiodiversity conservation for food security in the face of climate change. It identifies agrobiodiversity as a key public good that delivers necessary services for human wellbeing. We argue that the public values provided by agrobiodiversity conservation need to be demonstrated and captured. We offer an economic perspective of this challenge and highlight ways of capturing at least a subset of the public values of agrobiodiversity to help adapt to and reduce the vulnerability of subsistence based economies to...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Agrobiodiversity; Economic incentives; Resilience; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q18; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117623

Climate change impacts on Latin American farmland values: the role of farm type
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Seo,   S. Niggol; Mendelsohn,   Robert.
This paper examines climate change impacts on South American agriculture using a set of Ricardian regressions estimated across different samples of farms in South America. Regressions are run for the whole sample and for subsamples of crop-only, mixed, and livestock-only farms. The results indicate that climate sensitivity varies a great deal across each type of farm.  The analysis also reveals that the impacts will vary substantially across South America.  The hot and wet Amazon and Equatorial regions are likely to lose the most from warming scenarios whereas the more temperate high elevation and southern regions of South America will likely gain.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Agriculture; South America; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53872

Coping with Climatic Variability by Rain-fed Farmers in Dry Zone, Sri Lanka: Towards Understanding Adaptation to Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Senaratne,   Athula; Scarborough,   Helen.
Climate change introduces numerous uncertainties over the livelihoods of farming communities that depend heavily on weather and climate. Rain-fed farmers in developing countries are among the most vulnerable communities. However, climate risks are not new to farmers. Coping with ‘natural variability’ of climate has been a constant challenge faced by farmers even though broad sweeping change in climate due to anthropogenic causes is a relatively new prospect. Some argue ‘climate change’ could be significantly different from ‘climatic variability’ known to and experienced by farmers. In spite of this it is widely accepted that understanding farmers’ behavior towards adapting to climatic variability could generate useful insights in facing the risk of climate...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climatic variability; Village tanks; Climate change; Rain-fed farmer; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100707

EXPLAINING THE CLIMATE-DEPENDENT DISTRIBUTION OF CROPS IN SPACE –THE EXAMPLE OF CORN AND CORN-COB-MIX IN BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lippert,   Christian; Chatzopoulos,   Thomas; Schmidtner,   Eva; Aurbacher,   Joachim.
This article analyses the current climate-dependent spatial distribution of corn and corn-cob-mix in Baden-Württemberg using 2007 data at the county and community level. We use OLS and spatial econometric models to estimate the effects of different climate and non-climate variables on the share of grain maize in UAA. Whereas the temperature effect is missed by means of OLS regression, the adequate spatial error model at the county level yields a highly significant positive effect of mean annual temperature. Additionally, it displays a temperature cut-off point after which corn share is less likely to rise due to temperature increase. These effects are supported by a non-spatial multinomial logit model at the community level. The latter further indicates...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Spatial distribution of corn; Spatial econometrics; Multinomial logit; Climate change; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114504

Climate Change and International Markets for Australian Food Exports
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Creese,   Jonathan; Marks,   Nicki.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to alert food producers to emerging market demands associated with climate change. Design/methodology/approach – The study draws on literature review and applied market research. Findings – Many food retailers are applying pressure to their value chains to measure and manage carbon emissions. Although consumers play a role, consumers are not the main driver compelling retailers to respond to climate change. Research limitations/implications – This study only interviewed retailers in the United Kingdom and Japan as these are markets that are of particular interest for Australian food exporters. Originality/value – Consumers and retailers in export markets are responding to climate change. The research suggests that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Food; Agriculture; Value chain; Retailer; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59186

Assessing the Constraints and Opportunities for Private-Sector Participation in Activities Implemented Jointly: Two Case Studies from the US Initiative for Joint Implementation
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Powell,   Mark R.; Lile,   Ronald D.; Toman,   Michael.
This paper assesses the constraints and opportunities for private-sector participation in Activities Implemented Jointly under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. After some initial background, the discussion turns to the United States Initiative on Joint Implementation (USIJI) - its objectives, proposal review and evaluation criteria, and a classification of project proposals by project type and stage of development. Two USIJI projects are developed as case studies. One case is an energy end use project that has gained formal acceptance and financing. The other case is an energy production project proposal that has not secured acceptance or financing. In both cases, transaction costs were substantial, and project proponents regarded...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Joint implementation; Public Economics; Q28; F21.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10555

Climate's Long-term Impact on New Zealand Infrastructure (CLINZI) - A Case Study of Hamilton City, New Zealand
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jollands,   Nigel; Ruth,   Matthias; Bernier,   C.; Golubiewski,   N.
Infrastructure systems and services (ISS) are vulnerable to changes in climate.  This paper reports on a study of the impact of gradual climate changes on ISS in Hamilton City, New Zealand.  This study is unique in that it is the first of its kind to be applied to New Zealand ISS.  This study also considers a broader range of ISS than most other climate change studies recently conducted.   Using historical climate data and four climate change scenarios, we modelled the impact of climate change on water supply and quality, transport, energy demand, public health and air quality.  Our analysis reveals that many of Hamilton City's infrastructure sectors demonstrated greater responsiveness to population changes than changes in gradual climate change. Any...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Infrastructure; Integrated assessment; Adaptation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Political Economy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98499

A bioüzemanyagok használatával járó várható földhasználati változások Magyarországon
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Vida,   Adrienn; Baksa,   Adrienn.
Az egyre növekvő energiafelhasználás, világnépesség és éhezés olyan, több évtizede megoldatlan problémák, amelyeket a klímaváltozás és az ez által kialakult szélsőséges időjárási viszonyok tovább súlyosbítottak, a napjainkban tapasztalható gazdasági válság pedig még inkább megnehezítheti megoldásukat. A megújítható energiaforrások szerepének növelésében katalizátorszerepet betöltő Európai Unió már a 80-as évek elején megoldást keresett a túltermelés következtében felhalmozódott szántóföldi termékek felhasználására. Az idők során a támogatási rendszer is a non-food termelést helyezte egyre inkább előtérbe, majd a kialakított direktívák és piaci intézkedések előkészítették, és így biztosították az összefoglalóan biomasszának nevezett megújítható...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Földhasználat; Bioüzemanyagok; Klímaváltozás; Környezeti terhelés; Fenntartható gazdálkodás; Land usage; Bio-fuels; Climate change; Environmental burden; Sustainable farming.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92421

The world food situation: New driving forces and required actions
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim.
The world food situation is currently being rapidly redefined by new driving forces. Income growth, climate change, high energy prices, globalization, and urbanization are transforming food consumption, production, and markets. The influence of the private sector in the world food system, especially the leverage of food retailers, is also rapidly increasing. Changes in food availability, rising commodity prices, and new producer–consumer linkages have crucial implications for the livelihoods of poor and  food-insecure people. Analyzing and interpreting recent trends and emerging challenges in the world food situation is essential in order to provide policymakers with the necessary information to mobilize adequate responses at the local, national, regional,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: World food situation; Globalization; Food security; Agricultural production; Markets; Food prices; Climate change; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55645

REGULATING ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tsur,   Yacov; Zemel,   Amos.
Environmental consequences of natural resource exploitation often entail threats of future occurrences of detrimental abrupt events rather than (or in addition to) inflicting a damage gradually. The possibility of abrupt occurrence of climate-change related calamities is a case in mind. The uncertainty associated with the realization of these threats and their public-bad nature complicate the determination of optimal economic response. We analyze the regulation of such environmental threats by means of a Pigouvian hazard tax, based on the shadow cost of the hazard-generating activities. A numerical example illustrates possible effects of the proposed regulation scheme.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental events; Emission; Climate change; Regulation; Pigouvian tax; Hazard rate; Uncertainty; Environmental Economics and Policy; H23; H41; O13; Q54; Q58.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7150

An Econometric Analysis of U.S. Crop Yield and Cropland Acreage: Implications for the Impact of Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Huang,   Haixiao; Khanna,   Madhu.
A SIGNIFICANTLY REVISED/UPDATED AND EDITED VERSION OF THIS PAPER WAS PUBLISHED AS:  Citation: Miao, Ruiqing, Madhu Khanna and Haixiao Huang. “Responsiveness of Crop Yield and Acreage to Prices and Climate.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics (2015) doi: 10.1093/ajae/aav025   Abstract: We investigate the effect of crop price and climate variables on rainfed corn and soybean yields and acreage in the United States using a large panel dataset for the 1977–2007 period. Instrumental variables are used to control for endogeneity of prices in yield and acreage regressions, while allowing for spatially auto-correlated errors. We find that an increase in corn price has a statistically significant positive impact on corn yield, but the effect of soybean...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop yield response; Crop acreage response; Climate change; Econometric analysis; US county-level panel data; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61527

Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Production in Asian Countries: Evidence from Panel Study
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lee,   Jaehyuk; Nadolnyak,   Denis A.; Hartarska,   Valentina M.
We analyze the impact of climate change on agricultural production in 13 Asian countries for 1998-2007 estimating country-level FE panel model using climate variables. Higher summer temperature and rainfall increase production, higher fall temperature decreases it in Southeast Asia, and increase in annual temperature decreases agricultural production in Asian countries.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Production; Food security; Asia; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119808

Ecosystems for water and food security. [Background paper]
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agroecosystems; Agriculture; Food security; Food production; Water scarcity; Water management; Water productivity; Wetlands; Water use; Decision making; Environmental flows; Developing countries; Hunger; Poverty; Fisheries; Climate change; Agroforestry; Biodiversity; Rangelands; Livestock; Rainfed farming; Policy; Landscape; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124386

Global agricultural market trends and their impacts on European Union agriculture
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: von Witzke,   Harald; Noleppa,   Steffen; Schwarz,   Gerald.
The economic, political and climatic conditions in which farmers around the world have to make their production and investment decisions are changing dramatically. This study analyses the driving forces of changes in agricultural world markets and their implications for European Union agriculture for the time period 2003/05 - 2013/15. The impacts on European Union agriculture are quantified using of a multi-market-model. The mega-trend of declining world market prices has ended. Since the turn of the millennium world market prices for agricultural goods have been increasing. This trend can be expected to continue. Not only will prices have a tendency to increase, but also fluctuations of agricultural world market prices are likely to be higher in the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: World agriculture; Food security; Climate change; Agriculture productivity growth; Weltlandwirtschaft; Sicherung der Welternährung; Landwirtschaftliches Produktivitätswachstum; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6276

An Economic Analysis of Water Infrastructure Investments, Agricultural Productivity and Climate Change in the Mekong Delta: Adapting to Increased Salinity and Sea Level Rise
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Corderi Novoa,   David; Williams,   Jeffrey C.; Howitt,   Richard E.; Lund,   Jay R.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/24/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Agriculture; Water resources; Dynamic programming; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54; Q25; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103875

An evaluation of the economic impact of Climate Change through a three-stages Discrete Stochastic Programming model
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Cortignani,   Raffaele; Dono,   Gabriele; Doro,   Luca; Ledda,   Luigi; Mazzapicchio,   Graziano.
The climate change in the agricultural sector acting on multiple weather variables at different times of the various crop cycles. In several cases by changing the mean level of variables (rainfall, temperature, etc..), in other cases by changing the distribution of events. This work provides an evaluation of the economic impact due to changes in multiple events, and to the associated uncertainty. For this reason, a classical two-stage stochastic programming model was extend into a three-stages model. The model is specified for an area of Sardinia, and examines the impact of climate change on rainfall and hence on the availability of water for agriculture, and on maximum temperatures and, therefore, on the requirements of some irrigated crops relevant to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Discrete Stochastic Programming Model; Climate change; Water availability; Irrigation requirements; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109317

A Structural Land-Use Analysis of Agricultural Adaptation to Climate Change: A Proactive Approach
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kaminski,   Jonathan; Kan,   Iddo; Fleischer,   Aliza.
This article proposes a proactive approach for analyzing agricultural adaptation to climate change based on a structural land-use model wherein farmers maximize profit by allocating their land between crop-technology bundles. The profitability of the bundles is a function of four technological attributes via which climate variables‟ effect is channeled: yield potential; input requirements; yields' sensitivity to input use; and farm-level management costs. Proactive adaptation measures are derived by identifying the technological attributes via which climate variables reduce overall agricultural profitability, despite adaptation by land reallocation among bundles. By applying the model to Israel, we find that long-term losses stem from yield potential...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Agricultural land use; Climate change; Crop-technology bundles; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120076

MITIGATION ACTIVITIES TO REDUCE EMISSION OF AGRICULTURAL GREENHOUSE GASES IN HUNGARY
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lazanyi,   Janos.
Pressure on natural resources and the global environment have been identified as the most important challenges to maintain prosperity and improve environmental care. Agriculture is responsible for only a small proportion of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, but the sector is more closely associated with emissions of other greenhouse gases such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). The global warming potential of agricultural activities defined as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in CO2 equivalents is relatively low in Hungary, when calculated per land area. However this difference decline, when a GHG emission is calculated per product unit, as yields are lower then in West European countries. Environmental load caused by agriculture is also low in Hungary,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Rural Development Programme; Mitigation; Hungary; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53557

The Effect of Climate Change on Wetlands and Waterfowl in Western Canada: Incorporating Cropping Decisions into a Bioeconomic Model
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Withey,   Patrick; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
We extend an earlier bioeconomic model of optimal duck harvest and wetland retention in the Prairie Pothole Region of Western Canada to include cropping decisions. Instead of a single state equation, the model has two state equations representing the population dynamics of ducks and the amount of wetlands. We use the model to estimate the impact of climate change on wetlands and waterfowl, including direct climate effects as well as land use change due to biofuel policies aimed at mitigating climate change. The model predicts that climate change will reduce wetlands by 47-56 percent from historic levels. Land use change is expected to reduce wetlands by 45 percent from historic levels, whereas direct climate effects will range from a reduction of 2-11...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bioeconomic modeling; Wetland protection; Wildlife management; Climate change; Biofuels; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q57; C61; Q25; Q54; C13; Q10; Q16.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117437

An overview of the development challenges and constraints of the Niger Basin and possible intervention strategies
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Namara,   Regassa E.; Barry,   Boubacar; Owusu,   Eric S.; Ogilvie,   Andrew.
The Niger River Basin covers 7.5% of the African continent and is shared between nine riparian countries. The human population of the basin is growing at an average annual rate of about 3%, which makes the Niger River Basin one of the areas with the highest fertility rates in the world. The desert margin is expanding; climate change is negatively impacting rainfall; and urbanization, industrialization, and the human and livestock population are threatening the quantity and quality of available water resources. The basin population already suffers from chronic poverty. Based on a literature review, this paper suggests some key water-related and other interventions that are capable of easing the basin's development challenges.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: River basin development; Poverty; Social aspects; Climate change; Agriculture sector; Water governance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118299

An agro-economic model to analyse climate change impacts on farmers' income
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jiang,   Qiang.
The increasing interests in climate change heighten the need for an agro-economic model to analyse climate change impacts on farmers’ incomes. Many researchers have turned to crop yield response models to estimate farmers’ yield and income loss. A classic method used by economists to establish yield response models is to build up the statistic relationship between historical yield changes and climate change through regression models. However, without comprehensive experimental data from each region such as crop yields response to CO2 concentration, these crop-yield response models may provide misleading predications. An alternative approach is the use of crop biophysical simulation models.   Based one biophysical model Agricultural production systems...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: APSIM; Climate change; Agricultural economics; Wheat.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48172

Cost of adaptation to climate change impacts on fresh-water systems: existing estimates and research gaps
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Martin-Ortega,   Julia.
Information on the cost of adaptation in freshwater systems is necessary to better design strategies to face climate change and water management. We look at the existing estimates with the aim of identifying research gaps. Our analysis shows that case study-specific literature is scarce, fragmented, and not always methodologically transparent. At the same time, most existing global assessments are likely to represent underestimates and rely heavily on each other. We conclude that a clear conceptual framework is still missing. Remaining research gaps include addressing inter-sector linkages and estimations of other than only direct costs, in addition to addressing the issues of ‘adaptation deficit’ and ‘residual damage’.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Costs; Freshwater systems; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q54; A56.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117615

Prices vs. Quantities Revisited: The Case of Climate Change
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Pizer,   William A.
Uncertainty about compliance costs causes otherwise equivalent price and quantity controls to behave differently. Price controls - in the form of taxes - fix the marginal cost of compliance and lead to uncertain levels of compliance. Meanwhile quantity controls - in the form of tradable permits or quotas - fix the level of compliance but result in uncertain marginal costs. This fundamental difference in the face of cost uncertainty leads to different welfare outcomes for the two policy instruments. Seminal work by Weitzman (1974) clarified this point and derived theoretical conditions under which one policy is preferred to the other. This paper applies this principal to the issue of worldwide greenhouse gas (GHG) control, using a global integrated climate...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Policy under uncertainty; Price and quantity controls; General equilibrium modeling; Demand and Price Analysis; Q28; D81; C68.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10498

Air Emissions of Ammonia and Methane from Livestock Operations: Valuation and Policy Options
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Shih,   Jhih-Shyang; Burtraw,   Dallas; Palmer,   Karen L.; Siikamaki,   Juha.
The animal husbandry industry is a major emitter of methane, which is an important greenhouse gas. The industry is also a major emitter of ammonia, which is a precursor of fine particulate matter, arguably the number-one environment-related public health threat facing the nation. We present an integrated process model of the engineering economics of technologies to reduce methane and ammonia emissions at dairy operations in California. Three policy options are explored: greenhouse gas offset credits for methane control, particulate matter offset credits for ammonia control, and expanded net metering policies to provide revenue for the sale of electricity generated from captured methane gas. Individually, any of these policies appears to be sufficient to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Methane; Ammonia; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Offset; Particulate matter; Net metering; Environmental policy; CAFO; Manure management; Biodigester; Electricity; Global warming; Cost-benefit; Incentive approach; Livestock Production/Industries; Q2; Q4; Q53.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10749

The Economics of Fuel Economy Standards
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Portney,   Paul R.; Parry,   Ian W.H.; Gruenspecht,   Howard K.; Harrington,   Winston.
This paper discusses several rationales for the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) program, including reduced oil dependence, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and the possibility that fuel saving benefits from higher standards might exceed added vehicle costs. We then summarize what can be said about the welfare effects of tightening standards, accounting for prior fuel taxes, and perverse effects on congestion and traffic accidents through the impact of improved fuel economy on the incentive to drive. Implications of CAFE on local air pollution, and the controversy over CAFE, vehicle weight, and road safety, are also discussed. Finally, we describe ways in which the existing CAFE program could be substantially improved and identify a variety of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Fuel economy; Externalities; Oil dependency; Vehicle safety; Climate change; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; R48; Q48; H23.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10863

ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF CAP-AND-TRADE CLIMATE POLICY ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS IN THE NORTHERN PLAINS: A POLICY SIMULATION WITH FARMER PREFERENCES AND ADAPTATION
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Koo,   Won W.
The purpose of this study is to examine the possible local impacts of cap-and-trade climate policy on agricultural producers in the Northern Plains. This study explicitly considers farmer behavior with respect to agricultural opportunity in carbon offset provision and ability of adaptation to mitigate the production cost impact under a cap-and-trade climate policy. Based on empirically estimated farmer behavior models, a policy simulation with agricultural census data identifies farmer acreage enrollment in carbon offset provision, carbon offset supplies and revenues, the production cost impacts of carbon prices, and impacts on net farm income and their distributions among heterogeneous farmers. Our analysis find that: 1) farmer ex ante preferences in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gas; Cap-and-trade; Climate change; Agricultural impact; Economics; Carbon offsets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91278

Effects of Global Climate Change on Nigerian Agriculture: An Empirical Analysis
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Apata,   Temidayo Gabriel; Ogunyinka,   A.I.; Sanusi,   R.A.; Ogunwande,   S.
This paper presents an empirical analysis of the effects of global warming on Nigerian agriculture and estimation of the determinants of adaptation to climate change. Data used for this study are from both secondary and primary sources. The set of secondary sources of data helped to examine the coverage of the three scenarios (1971-1980; 1981-1990 and 1991-2000). The primary data set consists of 1500 respondents’ but only 1250 cases were useful. This study analyzed determinants of farm-level climate adaptation measures using a Multinomial choice and stochastic-simulation model to investigate the effects of rapid climatic change on grain production and the human population in Nigeria. The model calculates the production, consumption and storage of grains...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Economic consequences; Farm level productivity; Average Rainfall; Nigeria; Food Security and Poverty; D6; D91; E21; O13; Q01; Q2.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91751

Using Emissions Trading to Regulate U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions: An Overview of Policy Design and Implementation Issues
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Fischer,   Carolyn; Kerr,   Suzi; Toman,   Michael.
In Kyoto in 1997, the US government agreed that between 2008 and 2012 it would limit average annual emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to seven percent below 1990 levels. As participants in the climate policy debate consider various means by which limits on US GHG emissions might be undertaken in the wake of the Kyoto agreement, there is considerable interest but also some confusion about how a GHG trading program could be organized and operated in practice. In this paper we address several aspects of policy design for a US system, such as who and what is covered by regulation, the organization of the trading system, how carbon permits are allocated, and how a system could be initiated and changed over time. The paper synthesizes existing analyses and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Emissions trading; Environmental policy design; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10501

MODELING REGIONAL ALTERNATIVE MANAGEMENT SCENARIOS WITH FUTURE CLIMATIC CHANGE INFLUENCE ACCOUNTING
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Romanenko,   Irina.
The methodology of construction of the alternative agricultural production scenarios at regional level includes profitability and feasibility analysis based on assessment the effect of global climate change on productivity parameters for the main agricultural crops, cost efficiency of crop growing and cattle breeding. To propose links between economic adaptation to climate change and carbon (organic C) stock management in agricultural ecosystems for use in developing long-term adoption strategies at regional level, the regional economic-mathematical model was elaborated. It allows us to unify soil C driving variables and human environment factors.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Regional Economic-Mathematical Model; Regional Alternative Management Scenarios; Climate change; Linear Programming Task; Model of humus balance; European Russia; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6669

Impact of climate policy on the Basque country.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Gonzalez,   Mikel; Dellink,   Rob B.
In this paper analyze the economic effects of CO2 emission reductions in the Basque Country (Spain) using an applied general equilibrium (AGE) model with specific attention to environment-energy-economy interactions. Environmental policy is implemented through a system of tradable pollution permits that the government auctions. The costs of different levels of CO2 abatement are discussed, focusing on the variations of macroeconomic, sectoral and environment-energy variables. Results show that the costs for achieving the Kyoto targets can remain limited if the appropriate combination of changes in fuel-mix and restructuring of the economy is induced.      Impacto económico del control del cambio climático en el País Vasco  Resumen En este trabajo analizamos...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Applied General Equilibrium; Climate change; Tradable pollution permits; Basque Country; Environmental Economics and Policy; D58; H21; Q20; Q28.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7993

Agricultural yield expectations under climate change - a Bayesian approach
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Krause,   Jette.
In the years to come, German wheat, corn and aggregated cereal yields can be expected to show growing deviations from a linearly increasing trend. This results from the Bayesian Updating approach I apply to agricultural yield data. The updating procedure is carried out on a set of hypotheses on yield development, which are weighted in the light of yield data from 1950 through 2006. All hypotheses share the assumption of a linear yield trend with normally distributed variance of actual data from this trend, but differ in regard to possible future developments. The set of hypotheses allows for both the trend and the variance of data to stay unchanged, increase or decrease by 20 per cent from one period to the next. As a result, yield expectations converge to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bayesian updating; Agricultural yields; Expectation; Risk; Climate change; Trend; Variance; Volatility; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9273

Climate change and food security to 2030: a global economy-wide perspective
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Valenzuela,   Ernesto; Anderson,   Kym.
The effects of climate change on agriculture raise major food security concerns. We use a global economy-wide model to assess the effects on farm product prices of expected yield changes. Also modelled is an expected adverse effect of higher temperatures and humidity in the tropics on the productivity of unskilled workers in developing countries. Given the degrees of uncertainty about plausible effects of climate change, our modelling accounts for a range of yield productivity and labor shocks. The results entail consequences for international agricultural prices, national food consumption, self sufficiency, net farm income and economic welfare.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Crop and labor productivity growth; Global economy-wide model projections; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; D58; F17; Q17; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117616

Impact of climate change on wheat market and food security in Sudan: stochastic approach and CGE model and CGE Model
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Sassi,   Maria; Cardaci,   Alberto.
The paper aims at analysing the impact of the likely change in rainfall on food availability and access to food in Sudan. The empirical investigation is based on an integrated approach consisting of a stochastic method and CGE model. The former provides the likely changes in sorghum, millet and wheat productivity and their probability of occurrence according to rainfall predictions based on historical data. These results are at the basis of the shocks simulated in a standard CGE model augmented with a stochastic component. Achievements underline the negative impact on the two dimensions of food security taken into consideration, mainly due to a reduction in cereal supply, a marked cereal inflation pressure and income contraction; the grater negative effect...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Food security; Stochastic approach; Cge; Sudan; Environmental Economics and Policy; C68; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124110

Climate change and Australia’s comparative advantage in broadacre agriculture
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Sanderson,   Todd; Ahmadi-Esfahani,   Fredoun Z.
Australia has long been a major exporter of the products of broadacre agriculture, a production system well suited to the economic and climatic conditions of the country. According to the conventional wisdom, Australia holds a comparative advantage in these products, among which wheat and livestock products predominate. However, the future validity of this proposition is sensitive to the projected impacts of climate change. This paper develops a framework with which to quantify the future patterns of comparative advantage in broadacre agriculture given the projections of several global climate models. We find empirical support for the conventional wisdom, and note substantial resilience in Australia’s comparative advantage to adverse yield change.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Comparative advantage; Climate change; Broadacre agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96493

Tradable Carbon Permit Auctions: How and Why to Auction Not Grandfather
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Cramton,   Peter; Kerr,   Suzi.
An auction of carbon permits is the best way to achieve carbon caps set by international negotiation to limit global climate change. To minimize administrative costs, permits would be required at the level of oil refineries, natural gas pipe lines, liquid sellers, and coal processing plants. To maximize liquidity in secondary markets, permits would be fully tradable and bankable. The government would conduct quarterly auctions. A standard ascending-clock auction in which price is gradually raised until there is no excess demand would provide reliable price discovery. An auction is preferred to grandfathering (giving polluters permits in proportion to past pollution), because it allows reduced tax distortions, provides more flexibility in distribution of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse; Climate change; Carbon trading; Auction; Ascending-clock; Tradable permits; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q3; D4.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10668

Animal husbandry in Africa: Climate change impacts and adaptations
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Seo,   S. Niggol; Mendelsohn,   Robert.
This paper uses a cross-sectional approach to analyze the impacts of climate change on animal husbandry and the way farmers adapt. The study is based on surveys of almost 5000 livestock farmers across ten countries in Africa. A traditional Ricardian regression finds that the livestock net revenues of large farms in Africa are more sensitive to temperature than those of small farms. Cross-sectional analysis also reveals that large farms (but not small farms) have fewer animals per farm in warmer places. Farmers tend to select beef cattle and chickens in cool climates and goats and sheep in hot climates. Using the Ricardian results and examining climate scenarios for 2060 and beyond, the net revenues of small farms are predicted to increase as much as 120%...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Livestock; Impact; Adaptation; Africa; Livestock Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; Q25.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56968

CO2 Allowance Allocation in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative and the Effect on Electricity Investors
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas; Kahn,   Danny; Palmer,   Karen L.
The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) is an effort by nine Northeast and Mid-Atlantic states to develop a regional, mandatory, market-based cap-and-trade program to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the electricity sector. The initiative is expected to lead to an increase in the price of electricity in the RGGI region and beyond. The implications of these changes for the value of electricity-generating assets and the market value of the firms that own them depends on the initial allocation of carbon dioxide allowances, the composition of generating assets owned by the firm, and the locations of those assets. Changes in asset values inside the RGGI region may be positive or negative, whereas changes outside of the RGGI region are almost...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emissions trading; Allowance allocations; Electricity; Air pollution; Auction; Grandfathering; Generation-performance standard; Output-based allocation; Cost-effectiveness; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Global warming; Carbon dioxide; Asset value; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25; Q4; L94.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10495

Climate change and adaptation of small-scale cattle and sheep farmers
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mandleni,   B.; Anim,   F.D.K.
The main objective of this study was to investigate the factors that affected the decision of small-scale farmers who kept cattle and sheep on whether to adapt or not to climate changes. The Binary Logistic Regression model was used to investigate farmers’ decision. The results implied that a large number of socio-economic variables affected the decision of farmers on adaptation to climate changes. The study concluded that the most significant factors affecting climate change and adaptation were non-farm income, type of weather perceived, livestock ownership, distance to weather stations, distance to input markets, adaptation choices and annual average temperature.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Small-scale cattle and sheep farming; Binary logistic model; Farm Management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108962

Climate Change Impacts on Investment in Crop Sowing Machinery
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kingwell,   Ross S.; Farre,   Imma.
Down-scaled global circulation modelling is combined with wheat growth simulation modelling to generate yield responses to times of sowing under current and projected climatic conditions for several locations in the grainbelt of Western Australia. A model for investment in crop sowing machinery draws on these simulated yield relationships at each location and is used to determine a farmer’s optimal investment in crop sowing work rate capacity under current and projected climate regimes. The key finding is that at most locations the projected change in climate has marked impacts on profit distributions from grain production, yet mostly modest changes in the farmer’s investment in machinery work rate form part of the profit-maximising response to climate...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Farm machinery; Farm management; Machinery investment; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6011

Climate Change Policy and the Adoption of Methane Digesters on Livestock Operations
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Key,   Nigel D.; Sneeringer,   Stacy E.
Methane digesters—biogas recovery systems that use methane from manure to generate electricity—have not been widely adopted in the United States because costs have exceeded benefits to operators. Burning methane in a digester reduces greenhouse gas emissions from manure management. A policy or program that pays producers for these emission reductions—through a carbon offset market or directly with payments—could increase the number of livestock producers who would profit from adopting a methane digester. We developed an economic model that illustrates how dairy and hog operation size, location, and manure management methods, along with electricity and carbon prices, could influence methane digester profits. The model shows that a relatively moderate...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Methane; Methane digesters; Manure; Livestock; Climate change; Greenhouse gases; Carbon offset; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; Livestock Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102758

Predicting China’s Land-use Change and Soil Carbon Sequestration under Alternative Climate Change Scenarios
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Li,   Man; Wu,   JunJie.
This paper examines and predicts the effects of climate change and climate extremes on China’s land use conversion and soil carbon sequestration under two alternative climate change scenarios. It intends to investigate the following three questions. 1) How did climate factors affect land-use conversion in China from 1988 to 2000 and what was the relative importance of these factors? 2) How would the predicted future climate change pattern affect land-use choice under alternative climate change scenarios? 3) How would the predicted future climate pattern change the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon in China? The study makes two contributions to the literature. First, it integrates climate change, land use conversion, and soil carbon sequestration...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land-use change; Soil carbon sequestration; Climate change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61671

Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on the  Brazilian Agricultural Sector
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Feres,   Jose Gustavo; Reis,   Eustaquio Jose; Speranza,   Juliana Simoes.
Este artigo tem por objetivo avaliar o impacto das mudanças climáticas sobre a agricultura brasileira tanto em termos da rentabilidade agrícola quanto do preço da terra. Para este fim, são estimados dois modelos econométricos: o modelo de efeitos fixos, segundo a metodologia desenvolvida por Deschênes e Greenstone (2007), e o modelo de preços hedônicos proposto por Mendelsohn et al. (1994). Ambos os modelos são estimados utilizando dados de painel para os municípios brasileiros no período de 1970-1995. Os resultados das simulações sugerem que o impacto das mudanças climáticas no setor agrícola brasileiro será relativamente modesto no médio prazo. Contudo, estes impactos tendem a tornar-se significativamente mais severos no longo...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas; Análise ricardiana; Agricultura brasileira; Climate change; Ricardian analysis; Brazilian agriculture; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108136

Bayesian Learning and the Regulation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Karp,   Larry S.; Zhang,   Jiangfeng.
We study the importance of anticipated learning - about both environmental damages and abatement costs - in determining the level and the method of controlling greenhouse gas emissions. We also compare active learning, passive learning, and parameter uncertainty without learning. Current beliefs about damages and abatement costs have an important effect on the optimal level of emissions, However, the optimal level of emissions is not sensitive either to the possibility of learning about damages. or to the type of learning (active or passive), Taxes dominate quotas, but by a small margin.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Uncertainty; Bayesian learning; Asymmetric information; Choice of instruments; Dynamic optimization; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Cll; C6l; D8; H2l; Q28.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6214

Carbon Mitigation Costs for the Commercial Sector: Discrete-Continuous Choice Analysis of Multifuel Energy Demand
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Newell,   Richard G.; Pizer,   William A.
We estimate a carbon mitigation cost curve for the U.S. commercial sector based on econometric estimation of the responsiveness of fuel demand and equipment choices to energy price changes. The model econometrically estimates fuel demand conditional on fuel choice, which is characterized by a multinomial logit model. Separate estimation of end uses (e.g., heating, cooking) using the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey allows for exceptionally detailed estimation of price responsiveness disaggregated by end use and fuel type. We then construct aggregate long-run elasticities, by fuel type, through a series of simulations; own-price elasticities range from -0.9 for district heat services to -2.9 for fuel oil. The simulations form the basis of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Commercial energy demand; Carbon policy; Climate change; Discrete choice; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q28; Q48; Q41; C35; C15.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10625

The Global Supply and Demand for Agricultural Land in 2050: A Perfect Storm in the Making?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hertel,   Thomas W.
2010 AAEA Presidential Address; forthcoming in January 2011 AJAE in shortened version.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Global agriculture; Land use; Projections; Population; Yields; Urbanization; Biodiversity; Water; Climate change; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q11; Q15; Q16; Q17.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92639

The EU Emissions Trading Directive: Opportunities and Potential Pitfalls
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kruger,   Joseph; Pizer,   William A.
The European Union is on the verge of establishing an emissions trading program ten times the size of the Acid Rain trading program in the United States. Its design takes advantage of many lessons from existing experience with trading programs, as well as economic theory, and innovates in important ways. While we view this as an impressive development, concerns about equity, enforcement, and efficiency remain. Specifically, a lack of data and weaker environmental institutions in some EU Member States raises questions about both allowance allocations and compliance and enforcement. Although much attention has focused on whether prices will be "too low" in the first phase of the program, a greater risk is that uncertainty about program elements, technology...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: European Union; Climate change; Emissions trading; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10679

WATER MANAGEMENT IN BANGLADESH AGRICULTURE: OPTIMAL USE AND INVESTMENT POLICIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Khan,   Mohammad Ismail.
In Bangladesh, climatic change is likely to impact significantly upon surface and groundwater availability, as well as in other countries. The population of Bangladesh is projected to be double the current 2010 level by 2050. Demand for water will rise with the increasing demand for rice. This paper considers the optimal demand management of irrigation water with stochastic supply under climate change for a 3-year planning horizon. It also identifies the utilization of irrigation water from surface water sources to maximize the expected net social return from rice production. This is done by considering decision on dam release for rice production with reference to climate change. A stochastic dynamic programming model is developed for analyzing the levels...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Dam release; Dynamic programming; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100571

Climate change impacts on crop risks and agricultural production in Finland
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lehtonen,   Heikki; Kujala,   Sanna.
Climate Change is expected to improve crop production conditions significantly in northern Europe. In some studies a significant increase in agricultural production is expected in northern Europe while drought is becoming gradually more severe in Southern Europe and France due to climate change. Our analysis provides one of the first steps in evaluating the possible scale of changes in agricultural production and use of farm land in Finland, so far one of the least favoured agricultural areas in Europe.   Drought in early summer and low temperature sum during growing period are currently the main growth limiting factors in Finland. Even though the early part of the growing period is likely to be dry also in the future, both mean and variance of crop yields...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Agriculture; Risk aversion; Mean-variance analysis; Sector models; Optimization; Crop production; Finland; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9259

The Ten-Year Rule: Allocation of Emission Allowances in the EU Emission Trading System
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ahman,   Markus; Burtraw,   Dallas; Kruger,   Joseph; Zetterberg,   Lars.
In its guidance on National Allocation Plans (NAPs), the European Commission has discouraged Member States from adopting allocation methodologies that would provide incentives to firms affecting their compliance behavior. The purpose is to promote economic efficiency and to prevent strategic behavior that deviates from individual and collective cost-minimization. For example, some methodologies would reward one type of compliance investment over another. To discourage such actions, the EU Emission Trading System guidelines prohibit ex post redistribution of emission allowances within an allocation period based on behavior in that period. Similarly, the Commission has indicated that decisions about the initial distribution of allowances in the second phase...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emission trading; Allowance allocations; Closures; New entrants; Tradable permits; Air pollution; Cost-effectiveness; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Global warming; Carbon dioxide; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25; Q4; L94.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10637

Spatial Approaches to Panel Data in Agricultural Economics: A Climate Change Application
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Baylis,   Katherine R.; Paulson,   Nicholas D.; Piras,   Gianfranco.
Panel data are used in almost all subfields of the agricultural economics profession. Furthermore, many research areas have an important spatial dimension. This article discusses some of the recent contributions made in the evolving theoretical and empirical literature on spatial econometric methods for panel data. We then illustrate some of these tools within a climate change application using a hedonic model of farmland values and panel data. Estimates for the model are provided across a range of nonspatial and spatial estimators, including spatial error and spatial lag models with fixed and random effects extensions. Given the importance of location and extensive use of panel data in many subfields of agricultural economics, these recently developed...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Panel data; Spatial econometrics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C33; Q10; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113518

Climate Change Catastrophes
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Pizer,   William A.
Most studies that compare price and quantity controls for greenhouse gas emissions under uncertainty find that price mechanisms perform substantially better. In these studies, the benefits from reducing emissions are proportional to the level of reductions, and such linear benefits strongly favor price policies (Weitzman 1974). Catastrophic damages, however, challenge that intuition as consequences become highly nonlinear. Catastrophe avoidance offers huge benefits, and incremental adjustments on either side of the associated threshold are relatively unimportant, suggesting a strong preference for quantity controls. This paper shows that with catastrophic damages, both price and quantity mechanisms offer large gains over the business-as-usual alternative,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Global warming; Prices versus quantities; Stock externalities; Integrated assessment; Uncertainty; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q28; D81; C68.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10499

A mezőgazdasági területek érzékenységének és adaptációs képességének mérési lehetőségei
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Farkas-Fekete,   Maria.
A tanulmány alapvető célja az, hogy hozzájáruljon az érzékenység, sérülékenység és adaptációs képesség vizsgálatának módszertanához. A kutatások eredményei felhívják a figyelmet arra, hogy bár az európai vidék összessége egyre sérülékenyebbé válik a különböző globális kihívásokra, a veszélyeztetettség mértéke régiónként eltérő. A kutatások eredményei megerősítették az IPCC 3. jelentésében megfogalmazott hipotéziseket, melyek szerint a gazdag országok ugyanolyan veszélyeztetettség mellett is kevésbé sérülékenyek, mivel nagyobb az alkalmazkodóképességük. A klímaváltozás, amely pozitív és negatív hatást is gyakorol Európa mezőgazdaságára, módosítja az eddigi komparatív előnyöket, illetve hátrányokat. Gazdasági szempontból Dél- és Közép-Kelet-Európa minden...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Fenntarthatóság; Klímaváltozás; Érzékenység; Sérülékenység; Veszélyeztetettség; Adaptáció; Sustainability; Climate change; Vulnerability; Sensitivity; Adaptability; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92481

The influence of climate change, technological progress and political change on agricultural land use: calculated scenarios for the Upper Danube catchment area
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Henseler,   Martin; Wirsig,   Alexander; Krimly,   Tatjana; Dabbert,   Stephan.
Both climate and agricultural policy changes are commonly seen as important drivers for agricultural production. In this study, scenarios of climate and political change were calculated for the Upper Danube catchment area using the regional optimization model ACRE. Two political scenarios were calculated for the year 2020. One scenario assumes the continuation of the Common Agricultural Policy reform 2003 the other assumes a strong shift away from payments of the first pillar to payments of the second pillar of the CAP. Both scenarios were combined with four different scenarios of climate change and technological progress derived from ICCP SRES assumptions and the ACCELERATES project. The results of the scenario calculations were analysed with respect to...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Global change; Regional model; Climate change; Agricultural policy scenarios; Agricultural land use; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97594

CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON US AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Beach,   Robert H.; Thomson,   Allison M.; McCarl,   Bruce A.
There is general consensus in the scientific literature that human-induced climate change has taken place and will continue to do so over the next century. The Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concludes with “very high confidence” that anthropogenic activities such as fossil fuel burning and deforestation have affected the global climate. The AR4 also indicates that global average temperatures are expected to increase by another 1.1°C to 5.4°C by 2100, depending on the increase in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases that takes place during this time. Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, temperature increases, altered precipitation patterns and other factors influenced by climate have...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Crop yields; EPIC; FASOM; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C61; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91393

The Economics of Climate Policy
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kolstad,   Charles D.; Toman,   Michael.
Economics has played an increasingly important role in shaping policy, in the United States and elsewhere. This paper reviews some of the dimensions of the economic approach to analyzing, understanding, and developing solutions to the problem of climate change. We then turn to the issue of designing regulatory instruments to control the problem. The paper concludes with a discussion of the political economy of greenhouse gas control in an international context.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Climate policy design; Integrated assessment; Environmental policy coordination; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q28; Q48; D61; D62; D63.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10783

Projections of economic impacts of climate change in agriculture in Europe
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Quiroga,   Sonia; Iglesias,   Ana.
The objective of this study is to provide monetary estimates of the impacts of climate change in European agricultural sector. The future scenarios incorporate socio-economic projections derived from several socio-economic scenarios and experiments conducted using global climate models and regional climate models. The quantitative results are based simulations using the GTAP general equilibrium models system that includes all relevant economic activities. The estimated changes in the exports and imports of agricultural goods, value of GDP and value of world supply under the climate and socio-economic scenarios show significant regional differences between northern and southern European countries. The simulations were based on crop productivity changes that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Agriculture; General equilibrium models; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9264

A cognitive psychological approach of analyzing preference uncertainty in contingent valuation
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Akter,   Sonia; Bennett,   Jeffrey W.
The sources of preference uncertainty in contingent valuation (CV) studies have rarely been investigated from a theoretical standpoint. This paper proposes a holistic theoretical framework of preference uncertainty that combines microeconomic theory with the theories of cognitive psychology. Empirical testing of the proposed theoretical model was carried out in Australia in the context of a national ‘Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS)’ to be introduced in 2010. Two separate ordered probit models for a certainty score associated with CV ‘Yes’ and ‘No’ responses were estimated. The results of the estimated regression models provide evidence supporting the hypotheses drawn from the theoretical model.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Preference uncertainty; Cognitive uncertainty; Climate change; Australia.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47938

IMPACTS OF INCREASED CLIMATE VARIABILITY ON THE PROFITABILITY OF MIDWEST AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Dixon,   Bruce L.; Segerson,   Kathleen.
Approximate profit functions are estimated using time-series, cross-sectional, county level data for 12 midwest states.  Measures of climate variability are included in the profit functions.  Simulated impacts of climate changes on profits are derived.  Results show that inclusion of measures of climate variation are important for measuring the impact of changes in mean temperature and precipitation levels.  Failure to account for the impact of differences in variability leads to an overestimate of damages.  If global warming increases diurnal variation, such increases would have negative impacts on the profitability of midwest agriculture.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Climate variability; Midwest; Profit function; Farm Management.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15160

Analyzing the Economic Impact of Climate Change on Global Timber Markets
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Sohngen,   Brent; Sedjo,   Roger A.; Mendelsohn,   Robert; Lyon,   Kenneth S.
In this paper, we show how ecological and economic models can be linked to determine the economic impact of climate change on global timber markets. We begin by discussing some of the important issues relevant to global impact analyses such as this. We then outline our general modeling framework and discuss the particular models that will be used. Finally, we discuss some of the important issues involved with linking the two types of models.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Economic model; Timber; Timber market; Dynamic; Optimal control; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q10; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10462

Farmers Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change: An Estimation of Willingness to Pay
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Acquah,   H. de-Graft; Onumah,   Edward E.
This paper assesses farmers’ perception and adaptation to climate change to enhance policy towards tackling the challenges climate change poses to the farmers in Ghana. With regards to farmers’ perception and methods of adaptation, majority of the farmers perceived increase in temperature and decrease in rainfall pattern. Farmers’ level of adaptation was found to be relatively high with majority of the farmers using changing planting dates, different crop varieties, soil conservation and water harvesting as the major adaptation measures to climate change impacts. However, access to water, high cost of adaptation, lack of information, lack of knowledge on adaptation, insecure property rights, insufficient access to inputs and lack of credits were identified...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Perception; Adaptation; Climate change; Willingnessto pay; Probit regression; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; GA; IN.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120241

THE CLIMATE CHANGE AND AGRICULTURE – DIMENSIONS AND CORRELATIONS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Matei,   Mirela; Stancu,   Adrian; Vukovic,   Predrag.
Global climate changes are taking place and its impacts on economy are already occurring in fields like tourism, agriculture, forestry, infrastructure, insurance industry or capital market. Specialists draw attention that climate change has negative effects and positive effects. For example, in some parts of Europe, especially in north, the agricultural may benefit from temperature rise increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. The most important part of these changes is due to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activity. Between greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide (CO2) is the largest contributor with a weight around of 80% of total GHG emissions. The agriculture is the most affected sector by the climate change, but agricultural activities...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Agriculture; Greenhouse gas emissions; Environment; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91128

Climate Change Impact on Rice Yield and Production Risk
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kim,   Man-Keun; Pang,   Arwin.
The relationship among rice yield and weather variables in Korea is explored using a stochastic production function. The results reveal that average rice yield is positively related to temperature and negatively associated with precipitation. Both temperature and precipitation, which are risk-increasing inputs, are positively related to rice yield variability. The widened yield variability can be transferred to the fluctuation of rice production and rice price instability. Larger market risk is expected in the future since both temperature and precipitation are anticipated to increase. An evaluation of climate change impact on rice yield variability reveals that it may increase by up to 10%~20%. Reducing yield variability and managing market risk would be...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Production risk; Stochastic production function; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90682

Impacts and adaptive capacity as drivers for prioritizing agricultural adaptation to climate change in Europe
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Schlickenrieder,   Jeremy; Quiroga,   Sonia; Diz,   Agustin; Iglesias,   Ana.
In the face of likely climate change impacts policy makers at different spatial scales need access to assessment tools that enable informed policy instruments to be designed. Recent scientific advances have facilitated the development of improved climate projections, but it remains to be seen whether these are translated into effective adaptation strategies. This paper uses existing databases on climate impacts on European agriculture and combines them with an assessment of adaptive capacity to develop an interdisciplinary approach for prioritising policies. It proposes a method for identifying relevant policies for different EU countries that are representative of various agroclimatic zones. Our analysis presents a framework for integrating current...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Agriculture; Climate change; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117617

ON ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND RISK EXPOSURE IN THE NILE BASIN OF ETHIOPIA
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Di Falco,   Salvatore; Veronesi,   Marcella.
This study investigates the impact of climate change adaptation on farm households’ downside risk exposure (e.g., risk of crop failure) in the Nile Basin of Ethiopia. The analysis relies on a moment-based specification of the stochastic production function. We estimate a simultaneous equations model with endogenous switching to account for the heterogeneity in the decision to adapt or not, and for unobservable characteristics of farmers and their farm. We find that (i) climate change adaptation reduces downside risk exposure, i.e., farm households that implemented climate change adaptation strategies get benefits in terms of a decrease in the risk of crop failure; (ii) farm households that did not adapt would benefit the most in terms of reduction in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Endogenous switching; Ethiopia; Risk exposure; Stochastic production function; Skewness; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; D80; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115549

How Would Cap-and-Trade Climate Policy Affect Agricultural Producers in North Dakota? An Economic Analysis
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Koo,   Won W.
The purpose of this study is to examine the possible impacts of cap-and-trade climate policy on agricultural producers in North Dakota.  In this study, we focused on carbon sequestration potential and production cost impacts of carbon prices, and explicitly considered farmer preferences and adaptation behavior to estimate the benefits and costs of greenhouse gas cap-and-trade.  Based on empirically estimated farmer behavior models, a policy simulation with agricultural census data identified farmer acreage allocation for carbon sequestration, carbon offset supplies and revenues, the production cost impacts of carbon prices, and impacts on net farm income and their distributions among heterogeneous farmers.  Our analysis found that: 1) farmer ex ante...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Cap-and-trade; Climate change; Agricultural impacts; Economics; Carbon sequestration; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98170

Technology Prizes for Climate Change Mitigation
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Newell,   Richard G.; Wilson,   Nathan E.
We analyze whether technology inducement prizes could be a useful complement to standard research grants and contracts in developing climate change mitigation technologies. We find that there are important conceptual advantages to using inducement prizes in certain circumstances. These conceptual inferences are borne out by an examination of the track record of prizes inducing research into public goods, including relevant energy technologies. However, we also find that the prizes' successes are contingent on their proper design. We analyze how several important design elements could influence the effectiveness of a climate technology prize.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Inducement prize; Research and development; Climate change; Technology; Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q28; D81; C68.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10698

Modeling Economywide versus Sectoral Climate Policies Using Combined Aggregate-Sectoral Models
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Pizer,   William A.; Burtraw,   Dallas; Harrington,   Winston; Newell,   Richard G.; Sanchirico,   James N.
Economic analyses of climate change policies frequently focus on reductions of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions via market-based, economywide policies. The current course of environment and energy policy debate in the United States, however, suggests an alternative outcome: inefficiently designed and/or sector-based policies. This paper uses a collection of specialized, sector-based models in conjunction with a computable general equilibrium model of the economy to examine and compare these policies at an aggregate level. We examine the relative cost of different policies designed to achieve the same quantity of emissions reductions. We find that excluding a limited number of sectors from an economywide policy does not significantly raise costs....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Carbon dioxide; Climate change; Climate policy; General equilibrium model; Partial equilibrium model; Cost; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; D58; D61; Q48.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10502

Splendide Mendax: False Label Claims about High and Rising Alcohol Content of Wine
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Alston,   Julian M.; Fuller,   Kate B.; Lapsley,   James T.; Soleas,   George; Tumber,   Kabir P.
Many economists and others are interested in the phenomenon of rising alcohol content of wine and its potential causes.  Has the alcohol content of wine risen—and if so, by how much, where, and when?  What roles have been played by climate change and other environmental factors compared with evolving consumer preferences and expert ratings?  In this paper we explore these questions using international evidence, combining time-series data on the alcohol content of wine from a large number of countries that experienced different patterns of climate change and influences of policy and demand shifts.  We also examine the relationship between the actual alcohol content of wine and the alcohol content stated on the label.  The systematic patterns here suggest...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wine grapes; Alcohol percentage; Climate change; Labeling errors; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Marketing.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103845

Historical Development and Applications of the EPIC and APEX Models
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Gassman,   Philip W.; Williams,   Jimmy R.; Benson,   Verel W.; Izaurralde,   R. Cesar; Hauck,   Larry M.; Jones,   C. Allan; Atwood,   Jay D.; Kiniry,   James R.; Flowers,   Joan D.
The development of the field-scale Erosion Productivity Impact Calculator (EPIC) model was initiated in 1981 to support assessments of soil erosion impacts on soil productivity for soil, climate, and cropping conditions representative of a broad spectrum of U.S. agricultural production regions. The first major application of EPIC was a national analysis performed in support of the 1985 Resources Conservation Act (RCA) assessment. The model has continuously evolved since that time and has been applied for a wide range of field, regional, and national studies both in the U.S. and in other countries. The range of EPIC applications has also expanded greatly over that time, including studies of (1) surface runoff and leaching estimates of nitrogen and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: APEX; Carbon sequestration; Climate change; EPIC; Modeling; Soil erosion; Water quality; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18372

Carbon Emissions, Renewable Electricity and Profits:   Comparing Alternative Policies to Promote Anaerobic Digesters on Dairies
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Key,   Nigel D.; Sneeringer,   Stacy E.
Biogas recovery systems that use methane from manure to generate electricity have not been widely adopted in U.S. mainly because the costs of constructing and maintaining these systems have exceeded the value of the benefits provided.  Climate change mitigation and renewable energy policies could increase profits for the operators of such systems thereby making digester adoption more widespread.  For the U.S. Dairy sector, we examine digester adoption rates, emissions reductions, net returns, electricity generation, and program costs under different policy scenarios.  We find that 3% or fewer dairies would need to adopt digesters to meet the policy goals of reducing 25% of greenhouse gas emissions from dairy manure or generating one million megawatt hours...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Anaerobic digester; Methane; Dairy; Renewable electricity; Subsidy; Carbon offsets; Climate change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Q5.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103440

Climate Change, Risk and Grain Production in China
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Holst,   Rainer; Yu,   Xiaohua; Grun,   Carola.
This paper  employs  the production function-based method proposed by  Just and Pope  (1978, 1979) to explicitly analyze production risk in the context of Chinese grain farming  and climate change, and  test for a potential endogeneity of climate factors in Chinese  grain production.  Our results indicate that China might, at least in the short run, become a net beneficiary  of climate change.  In particular, we find that increases in annual average temperature  increase mean output at the margin and at the same time lead to a reduction of production  risk.  Further  calculations suggest that a 1 °C increase in annual average temperature  would entail an economic benefit of $1.1 billion due to the increasing mean output.  Furthermore,  a Hausman test...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Grain production; Climate change; Production risk; China; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Q1; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61177

Environmental triage decisions during a drought
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Gorddard,   Russell J.; Connor,   Jeffery D.; Ranjan,   Ram.
The Murray Darling Basin Current is currently in drought. There are low water levels in most dams, and increased uncertainty about future rainfall. As a result management of the ecosystems in the basin that depend on river flows involves some hard decisions about what assets to save and what assets to let go. This paper models this triage problem using a stochastic and dynamic programming approach. This model is used to identify how optimal management is affected by hysteretic and irreversible effects of drought on ecosystem assets and uncertainty about future climate.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Triage; Irreversibility; Climate change; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47631

IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND INTERNATIONAL PRICES UNCERTAINTY ON THE SUDANESE SORGHUM MARKET: A STOCHASTIC APPROACH
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Sassi,   Maria.
The paper simulates the possible sorghum price change and the related probability of occurrence under different rainfall scenarios and in a context of price uncertainty on international markets. The empirical investigation is based on the stochastic approach. Results underline an expected increase in sorghum price under the effect of the high level of uncertainty in precipitation and in international market price; the most intense likely change produced by the international market price of sorghum uncertainty; the need to overcome the agricultural view in policy making in order to include a market perspective.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Drought; Food prices; Stochastic approach; Sudan; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124111

Climate Change and the Economics of Farm Management in the Face of Land Degradation: Dryland Salinity in Western Australia
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: John,   Michele; Pannell,   David J.; Kingwell,   Ross S.
Paper removed at request of authors 08/03/07.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Dryland salinity; Climate change; Low rainfall agriculture; Land degradation; Whole farm bioeconomic modelling; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25800

Climate change risk and response
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kahrl,   Fredrich; Roland-Holst,   David W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Energy; Sustainability; Climate change; Risk; Economic conditions; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46721

Testing construct validity of verbal versus numerical measures of preference uncertainty in contingent valuation
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Akter,   Sonia; Bennett,   Jeffrey W.
The numerical certainty scale (NCS) and polychotomous choice (PC) methods are two widely used techniques for measuring preference uncertainty in contingent valuation (CV) studies. The NCS follows a numerical scale and the PC is based on a verbal scale. This report presents results of two experiments that use these preference uncertainty measurement techniques.   The first experiment was designed to compare and contrast the uncertainty scores obtained from the NCS and the PC method. The second experiment was conducted to test a preference uncertainty measurement scale that combines verbal expressions with numerical and graphical interpretations: a composite certainty scale (CCS). The construct validity of the certainty scores obtained from these three...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Preference uncertainty; Contingent valuation; Numerical certainty scale; Polychotomous choice method; Composite certainty scale; Climate change; Australia.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94942

N2O emissions from a cultivated mollisol: optimal time of day for sampling and the role of soil temperature
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
Autores: Noemi Cosentino,Vanina Rosa; Fernandez,Patricia Lilia; Figueiro Aureggi,Santiago Andrés; Taboada,Miguel Angel.
The correct use of closed field chambers to determine N2O emissions requires defining the time of day that best represents the daily mean N2O flux. A short-term field experiment was carried out on a Mollisol soil, on which annual crops were grown under no-till management in the Pampa Ondulada of Argentina. The N2O emission rates were measured every 3 h for three consecutive days. Fluxes ranged from 62.58 to 145.99 ∝g N-N2O m-2 h-1 (average of five field chambers) and were negatively related (R² = 0.34, p &lt; 0.01) to topsoil temperature (14 - 20 ºC). N2O emission rates measured between 9:00 and 12:00 am presented a high relationship to daily mean N2O flux (R² = 0.87, p &lt; 0.01), showing that, in the study region, sampling in the mornings is preferable...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Soil N2O fluxes; Climate change; GHG sampling.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832012000600015

Effects of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition and Precipitation Manipulation on Soil Microorganisms in the Desert Steppe of Northern China
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
Autores: Meiqing,Jia; Jing,Huang; Yinghua,Yang; Guodong,Han; Guogang,Zhang.
ABSTRACT: Soil microorganisms are influenced by climate change. However, the effect of climate change on soil cultivable bacteria are unclear. In this study, the composition and diversity of the soil cultivable bacterial community were explored by a dilution–plate method, PCR, and 16S rRNA sequencing in a desert steppe of northern China after repeated NH4NO3 amendments and precipitation manipulation for seven years. The experimental treatments were as follows: control (CK), N addition (+N), N addition plus water addition (+N+W), and N addition plus water reduction (+N-W). Among the treatment groups, 11 genera and 17 bacterial species were isolated. Nitrogen addition and precipitation manipulation significantly increased the number of cultivable bacteria in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Soil microorganisms; Climate change; 16S rRNA.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832019000100400

Sheep Excreta as Source of Nitrous Oxide in Ryegrass Pasture in Southern Brazil
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
Autores: Tomazi,Michely; Magiero,Emanuelle Cavazini; Assmann,Joice Mari; Bagatini,Tatiane; Dieckow,Jeferson; Carvalho,Paulo Cesar de Faccio; Bayer,Cimélio.
ABSTRACT Livestock urine and dung are important components of the N cycle in pastures, but little information on its effect on soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions is available. We conducted a short-term (39-day) trial to quantify the direct N2O-N emissions from sheep excreta on an experimental area of ryegrass pasture growing on a Typic Paleudult in southern Brazil. Four rates of urine-N (161, 242, 323, and 403 kg ha-1 N) and one of dung-N (13 kg ha-1 N) were applied, as well as a control plot receiving no excreta. The N2O-N emission factor (EF = % of added N released as N2O-N) for urine and dung was calculated, taking into account the N2O fluxes in the field, over a period of 39 days. The EF value of the urine and dung was used to estimate the emissions of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Emission factor; Urine; Dung; Crop-livestock system.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832015000501498

Water footprint assessment of the Colombian cocoa production
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
Autores: Ortiz-Rodriguez,Oscar O.; Naranjo,Carlos A.; García-Caceres,Rafael G.; Villamizar-Gallardo,Raquel A.
ABSTRACTThe main objective of the present research was to calculate the water footprint of the Colombian cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) production. The evaluation of crop water requirement and irrigation requirement were based on climate, soil and crop conditions in the country. The water requirement estimation was based on data from six municipalities selected for their representativeness of the highest yield, productivity and commercial dynamics of the country. The results show that the Water footprint reached 17,100 m3 t-1. At the province level, the highest record for this parameter was observed in Tolima, with 23,239 m3t-1, while Huila registered the lowest level, with 13,475 m3t-1. Water use per crop unit can be influenced not only by agro-meteorological...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Cocoa; Evapotranspiration; Fresh water; Theobroma cacao L.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662015000900823

Maize: Key agricultural crop in food security and sovereignty in a future with water scarcity
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
Autores: Langner,Josana A.; Zanon,Alencar J.; Streck,Nereu A.; Reiniger,Lia R. S.; Kaufmann,Marielen P.; Alves,Alexandre F.
ABSTRACT The objective in this review was to discuss the importance of maize currently and the crucial role it may play in the future for food production in scenarios of water shortage, as well as the importance of conserving its landrace cultivars, which have a considerable portion of the reserve of genetic variability. Maize plants, when exposed to water deficit, may develop physiological, morphological, biochemical and anatomical adaptation mechanisms. With the aid of genetic improvement, characteristics that impart tolerance are fixed in plants through conventional methods. In this context, ‘Tuxpeño Sequia’ cultivars were developed in Mexico, while in Africa, one of the most important strategies was the development of ‘DT’ (Drought-tolerant) cultivars....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Zea mays L.; Foods; Landrace cultivars; Climate change.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662019000900648

Fuzzy modeling of the risk of cacao moniliasis occurrence in Bahia state, Brazil
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
Autores: Almeida,Samira L. H. de; Silva,Samuel de A.; Lima,Julião S. de S.; Rosas,Jorge T. F.; Capelini,Vinicius A.
ABSTRACT This work aimed to determine potential areas for the establishment of cocoa moniliasis in Bahia state, Brazil, by means of fuzzy logic, based on historical datasets of temperature and air relative humidity, available for 519 measurement points distributed throughout the state of Bahia. The data were initially submitted to a descriptive statistical analysis. The spatial variability was determined through geostatistical analysis, followed by interpolation to map the spatial-temporal structure dependence of the phenomenon. Simulations of continuous pixel-to-pixel classification of variables were performed using fuzzy mapping to model the climatic risk of disease establishment. The exponential fuzzy model was applied to temperature data, while the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Moniliophthora roreri; Theobroma cacao; Climate change; Geostatistics; Precision phytopathology.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662020000400225

Daily and seasonal patterns of CO2 fluxes and evapotranspiration in maize-grass intercropping
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
Autores: Machado,Cássia B.; Lima,José R. de S.; Antonino,Antonio C. D.; Souza,Eduardo S. de; Souza,Rodolfo M. S.; Alves,Edevaldo M.
ABSTRACT Studies that investigate the relationships between CO2 fluxes and evapotranspiration (ET) are important for predicting how agricultural ecosystems will respond to climate changes. However, none was made on the maize-grass intercropping system in Brazil. The aim of this study was to determine the ET and CO2 fluxes in a signal grass pasture intercropped with maize, in São João, Pernambuco, Brazil, in a drought year. Furthermore, the soil water storage (SWS) and leaf area index (LAI) were determined. The latent heat flux was the main consumer of the available energy and the daily and seasonal ET and CO2 variations were mainly controlled by rainfall, through the changes in soil water content and consequently in SWS. The agroecosystem acted as an...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Eddy covariance; Carbon; Climate change.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662016000900777

Leaf development of cultivated rice and weedy red rice under elevated temperature scenarios
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
Autores: Streck,Nereu A.; Uhlmann,Lilian O.; Gabriel,Luana F.
The objective of this study was to simulate leaf development of cultivated rice genotypes and weedy red rice biotypes in climate change scenarios at Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. A leaf appearance (LAR) model adapted for rice was used to simulate the accumulated leaf number, represented by the Haun Stage, from crop emergence to flag leaf appearance (EM-FL). Three cultivated rice genotypes and two weedy red rice biotypes in six emergence dates were used. The LAR model was run for each emergence date using 100 years of synthetic daily weather data and six climate scenarios, including current, +1, +2, +3, +4 and +5 ºC increase in mean air temperature, with symmetric and asymmetric increase in daily minimum and maximum temperature. The increase in air temperature...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Oryza sativa; Global warming; Plant competition; Climate change; Nitrogen management.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662013000200010

The three phases of the ensemble forecasting of niche models: geographic range and shifts in climatically suitable areas of Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae)
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Entomologia
Autores: Diniz Filho,José Alexandre Felizola; Ferro,Viviane G.; Santos,Thiago; Nabout,João Carlos; Dobrovolski,Ricardo; De Marco Jr.,Paulo.
Species' geographic ranges are usually considered as basic units in macroecology and biogeography, yet it is still difficult to measure them accurately for many reasons. About 20 years ago, researchers started using local data on species' occurrences to estimate broad scale ranges, thereby establishing the niche modeling approach. However, there are still many problems in model evaluation and application, and one of the solutions is to find a consensus solution among models derived from different mathematical and statistical models for niche modeling, climatic projections and variable combination, all of which are sources of uncertainty during niche modeling. In this paper, we discuss this approach of ensemble forecasting and propose that it can be divided...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Arctiidae; Climate change; Geographic range; Niche models; Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262010000300001

How specialists can be generalists: resolving the "parasite paradox" and implications for emerging infectious disease
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Agosta,Salvatore J.; Janz,Niklas; Brooks,Daniel R.
The parasite paradox arises from the dual observations that parasites (broadly construed, including phytophagous insects) are resource specialists with restricted host ranges, and yet shifts onto relatively unrelated hosts are common in the phylogenetic diversification of parasite lineages and directly observable in ecological time. We synthesize the emerging solution to this paradox: phenotypic flexibility and phylogenetic conservatism in traits related to resource use, grouped under the term ecological fitting, provide substantial opportunities for rapid host switching in changing environments, in the absence of the evolution of novel host-utilization capabilities. We discuss mechanisms behind ecological fitting, its implications for defining specialists...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Coevolution; Ecological fitting; Host shift; Plant-insect interactions; Sloppy fitness.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702010000200001

Escapes of non-native fish from flooded aquaculture facilities: the case of Paranapanema River, southern Brazil
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Casimiro,Armando César Rodrigues; Garcia,Diego Azevedo Zoccal; Vidotto-Magnoni,Ana Paula; Britton,John Robert; Agostinho,Ângelo Antônio; Almeida,Fernanda Simões de; Orsi,Mário Luís.
ABSTRACT Non-native species are a major driver of biodiversity loss. Aquaculture activities play a key role in introductions, including the escape of fishes from fish farm facilities. Here, the impact of flooding due to El Niño rains in 2015/2016 in the Lower and Middle Paranapanema River basin, southern Brazil, was investigated by evaluating fish escapes from 12 fish farms. The flooding resulted in the escape of approximately 1.14 million fishes into the river, encompassing 21 species and three hybrids. Non-native species were the most abundant escapees, especially Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Coptodon rendalli (Boulenger, 1897) (96% of all fish). Only seven native fishes were in the escapee fauna, comprising 1% of all fish. Large floods,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Biological invasion; Climate change; Fish farming; Paraná River; Propagule pressure.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702018000100504

Spring migration characteristics of the House Martin, Delichon urbica (Aves: Hirundinidae) in Croatia: A response to climate change?
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Dolenec,Zdravko; Dolenec,Petra.
Many authors have discussed use of birds (and other organisms) as sensitive biomonitors for climate change. In this paper we investigate the long-term trends in first arrival dates of the long-distance migratory House Martin, Delichon urbica (Linneus, 1758), in north-western Croatia during the 28-year period. The aim of this paper is to identify possible relationship between arrival times and local spring air temperatures. Between 1981 and 2008 the House Martin arrived progressively earlier (5.9 days), probably in response to climate change. First arrival dates correlated significantly with increasing March-April mean temperatures. Correlation between mean spring air temperature and yearly temperatures were also statistically significant. Our results...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Arrival date; Climate change; Croatia; Delichon urbica.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702011000100020

Alternatives for methane emission mitigation in livestock systems
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
Autores: Lascano,Carlos E.; Cárdenas,Edgar.
Human activities are contributing to Global Climate Change through the production of Green House Gases (GHG), which result in increased air, land and ocean temperatures and extreme changes in precipitation in regions of low and high rainfall. The most important GHG's are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). It is estimated that 18 % of the annual GHG emissions come from different types of livestock and that 37% of CH4, with higher global warming potential (23) relative to CO2 (1), comes from fermentation processes in ruminants. It is possible that in the future beef and milk exports from producing countries is subject to bans if cattle systems do not comply with measures to reduce GHG. There are several alternatives available and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Defaunation; Feed chemical additives; Genetic transformation of bacteria; Greenhouse gases; Immunization; Saponins; Tannins.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982010001300020

Productive and morphogenetic responses of buffel grass at different air temperatures and CO2 concentrations
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
Autores: Santos,Roberta Machado; Voltolini,Tadeu Vinhas; Angelotti,Francislene; Aidar,Saulo de Tarso; Chaves,Agnaldo Rodrigues de Melo.
The objective of the present trial was to evaluate the productive and morphogenetic characteristics of buffel grass subjected to different air temperatures and CO2 concentrations. Three cultivars of buffel grass (Biloela, Aridus and West Australian) were compared. Cultivars were grown in growth chambers at three temperatures (day/night): 26/20, 29/23, and 32/26 °C, combined with two concentrations of CO2: 370 and 550 µmol mol-1. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement with three replications. There were interactions between buffel grass cultivars and air temperatures on leaf elongation rate (LER), leaf appearance rate (LAR), leaf lifespan (LL) and senescence rate (SR), whereas cultivars vs. carbon dioxide...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Cenchrus ciliaris; Climate change.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982014000800404

Potential effects of climate change on the temperate zones of North and South America
Provedor de dados: Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
Autores: LAUENROTH,W.K.; EPSTEIN,H.E.; PARUELO,J.M.; BURKE,I.C.; AGUIAR,M.R.; SALA,O.E.
Under current conditions, large areas of temperate western North America and temperate southern South America have arid to subhumid climates that make them vulnerable to changes as a result of human-induced climate change. Predictions of climate change from global circulation models with a doubling of present atmospheric levels of CO2 suggest large changes in mean annual temperature and small to no changes in mean annual precipitation and the proportion of precipitation received during the summer. Our objective here was to evaluate how predictions of climate change from global circulation models will influence climatic patterns and by inference the distribution of temperate zone ecosystems in North and South America. Calculations of annual water deficits...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Temperate ecosystems; Global circulation model; CO2.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2004000300004

Reproductive output of mosses under experimental warming on Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, maritime Antarctica
Provedor de dados: Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
Autores: Casanova-Katny,A.; Torres-Mellado,G. A.; Eppley,S. M.
BACKGROUND: Mosses dominate much of the vegetation in the Antarctic, but the effect of climatic change on moss growth and sexual reproduction has scarcely been studied. In Antarctica, mosses infrequently produce sporophytes; whether this is due to physiological limitation or an adaptive response is unknown. We studied the effect of experimental warming (with Open Top Chambers, OTCs) on sporophyte production on Fildes Peninsula, King George Island for four moss species (Bartramia patens, Hennediella antárctica, Polytrichastrum alpinum, and Sanionia georgicouncinata). To determine whether reducing cold stress increases sexual reproduction as would be predicted if sex is being constrained due to physiological limitations, we counted sporophytes for these four...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Antarctica; Bryophyte; Climate change; Fildes Peninsula; King George Island; Sporophyte.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2016000100013

Pollen record of disturbed topsoil as an indirect measurement of the potential risk of the introduction of non-native plants in maritime Antarctica
Provedor de dados: Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
Autores: Fuentes-Lillo,Eduardo; Troncoso-Castro,J. Max; Cuba-Díaz,Marely; Rondanelli-Reyes,Mauricio J.
BACKGROUND: This is a study of current pollen rain on soil disturbed by human use on the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, South Shetland Islands. A sector strongly affected by human activity, an area between the Eduardo Frei Montalva Chilean Air Force (FACH) base and the Professor Julio Escudero base of the Chilean Antarctic Institute (INACH) were sampled. A less used sector associated with scientific activity and controlled tourism, Ardley Island, and an area of low human activity, the terminal moraine of the Collins glacier, were also sampled. The samples were collected in the southern summer of 2015 and kept in the Palynology and Plant Ecology Laboratory of the Los Angeles Campus of the Universidad de Concepción, Chile FINDINGS: The area of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Pollen rain; Climate change; Anthropization; Ice-free zones; Fildes Peninsula; South Shetland Islands.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2016000100004

Representations of Colombian Andean farmers on climate change and mitigation and adaptation strategies
Provedor de dados: Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural
Autores: Rodríguez,José de Jesús Núñez; Rodríguez,Julio César Carvajal; Carrero,Darcy Margarita; Novoa,Luisa Lorena Ramírez; Frank,José Vicente Sánchez.
Abstract: This article presents the findings of research conducted in a rural community located in Norte de Santander Department, Colombia, on farmers' representations of the impacts of climate change. The analysis of the behavior of temperature and average rainfall in the period 1985-2015 was put together concerning the local knowledge of the farmers. The approach was developed through 56 multiple choice questions surveys done to 144 producers intentionally selected from a group of 1,933 farmers, analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The findings indicate a broad opinion by farmers of the effects of climate change due to the gradual increase in temperature that causes changes in the bimodal system and intensity of rainfall;...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Climate change; Social representations.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032021000200208

Climate change and adaptive strategies in Brazil: the economic effects of genetic breeding
Provedor de dados: Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural
Autores: Pires,Marcel Viana; Cunha,Dênis Antônio da.
Plant breeding through the development of seeds resistant to water stress or high temperature is an important adaptive strategy to cope climate change. In this way, by providing an analysis of adaptation to climate change using genetic breeding on Brazilian farms, this work aims to investigate how climate change will affect the adoption of genetic breeding and profitability of farmers. Temperature and rainfall projections for 2010-2099 time periods were used, considering different climate scenarios (A1B and A2), according to the 4th Assessment Report of IPCC (2007). A Treatment Effects model outlines the analytical framework in this study. Our results indicate the probability of adopting transgenic seeds will grow from 74% in the current period to 86% in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Breeding; Seeds; Drought; Heat.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032014000400001

Determinants of oil palm smallholder farmers’ adaptation strategy to climate change in Bengkulu, Indonesia
Provedor de dados: Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural
Autores: Irawan,Andi; Syakir,Muhammad.
Abstract Bengkulu is one of 10 provinces in Indonesia, which became a center of oil palm production. The aim of the study is to define how the determinant factors influence the oil palm smallholder farmer’s adaptation strategies on climate change in Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. Binary logistic regression method was employed to clarify the independent variables that influence farmers’ strategy adapted to climate change. Farmer experience and their household expenditure have the positive and significant effect on cropping diversification, while oil palm price has a positive influence in using land clearing without slash and burning. The factors that most influence the farmers' adaptation to climate change are farmer’s cooperation membership and membership...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Oil palm; Indonesia; Logit model.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032019000300428

Soil Physicochemical and Biological Interfacial Interactions in the Rhizosphere: Impacts on Food Security and Ecosystem Integrity
Provedor de dados: Revista de la Ciencia del Suelo y Nutrición Vegetal
Autores: Huang,P.M.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Rhizosphere; Climate change; Nanoparticle.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912008000400005

Assessing soil carbon stocks under pastures through orbital remote sensing
Provedor de dados: Scientia Agricola
Autores: Szakács,Gabor Gyula Julius; Cerri,Carlos Clemente; Herpin,Uwe; Bernoux,Martial.
The growing demand of world food and energy supply increases the threat of global warming due to higher greenhouse gas emissions by agricultural activity. Therefore, it is widely admitted that agriculture must establish a new paradigm in terms of environmental sustainability that incorporate techniques for mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. This article addresses to the scientific demand to estimate in a fast and inexpensive manner current and potential soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in degraded pastures, using remote sensing techniques. Four pastures on sandy soils under Brazilian Cerrado vegetation in São Paulo state were chosen due to their SOC sequestration potential, which was characterized for the soil depth 0-50 cm. Subsequently, a linear...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Leaf Area Index; Soil organic carbon; Pasture degradation; Spectral reflectance; Climate change.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162011000500010

Tropical agriculture and global warming: impacts and mitigation options
Provedor de dados: Scientia Agricola
Autores: Cerri,Carlos Eduardo P.; Sparovek,Gerd; Bernoux,Martial; Easterling,Willian E.; Melillo,Jerry M.; Cerri,Carlos Clemente.
The intensive land use invariably has several negative effects on the environment and crop production if conservative practices are not adopted. Reduction in soil organic matter (SOM) quantity means gas emission (mainly CO2, CH4, N2O) to the atmosphere and increased global warming. Soil sustainability is also affected, since remaining SOM quality changes. Alterations can be verified, for example, by soil desegregation and changes in structure. The consequences are erosion, reduction in nutrient availability for the plants and lower water retention capacity. These and other factors reflect negatively on crop productivity and sustainability of the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Conversely, adoption of "best management practices", such as conservation tillage,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Climate change; Greenhouse effect; Soil organic matter; Management practices.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162007000100013

การระบาดของโรคข้าวกับการเปลี่ยนแปลงของสภาพภูมิอากาศ ในนาชลประทานที่ปลูกต่อเนื่องของศูนย์วิจัยข้าวปทุมธานี
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Chalermkwan Chimwai; Nittaya Ruensuk; Acharaporn Na Lampang Noernplab; Yuthapong Petcharaporn.
Climate change may affect rice-growing environments and disease epidemics. Therefore, the experiment was conducted at Pathumthani Rice Research Center during 2011–2013 to study the effect of climate change on rice diseases occurrence.Two rice varieties, RD31 and PSL 2 were planted every month throughout the year.  Disease incidence was randomly surveyed on the rice plot at least once a month, and the metrological data including temperature, relative humidity and rainfall were collected.  Base on 3 years of metrological data, the average annual temperature and relative humidity were increased while the total rainfall was decreased.  Rainy day was approximately 6 month from May to October. The disease found every year in both varieties was bacterial leaf...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Epidemics; Rice disease; Irrigated rice; Climate change; ข้าว; โรคข้าว; ข้าวนาชลประทาน; การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ; การระบาดของโรค.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5651

การศึกษาความแปรปรวนของช่วงฤดูฝนในภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Suppachai Atichart; Naruatai Worasatit; Rapeeporn Srisathit; Kuson Thomma.
Uncertainty of the beginning and the end of rainy season which is a result of climate changes from global warming can have a great impact on plant production. This is particularly clear in the Northeast which is mainly rain-fed agriculture. The Office of Agricultural Research and Development Region 3, therefore, studied variation of the beginning and the end of rainy season of the Northeast using rainfall data from Meteorological Station from the year 1981 - 2010, 30 years in total. The data was imported and analyzed using MS Access 2000 and compared to the five-year assessment of spatial data. The analysis of variance was analyzed based on the standard deviation of around 30 years period and spatial mapping was conducted in ArcGIS V9.3. The results showed...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Rainy season; Climate change; Variability characteristics; Variation; Geographic information systems; GIS; Mapping; Cropping system; ฤดูกาล; ฤดูฝน; การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ; ลักษณะความแปรปรวน; ระบบสารสนเทศภูมิศาสตร์; การทำแผนที่; ปริมาณน้ำฝน; รูปแบบการปลูกพืช.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5782

ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการระบาดของโรคข้าวกับการเปลี่ยนแปลงของสภาพภูมิอากาศ ในพื้นที่นาชลประทานจังหวัดชัยนาท และนครสวรรค์
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Duangkamon Boonchuay; Anakkapon Boonchuay; Duangporn Vithoonjit.
Relationship of rice disease epidemics and climate change for study the effect of climate change on the disease epidemics and pathogens. Cultivated rice variety RD31 and RD41 every month since January 2012 - December 2013; observed disease incidence and disease severity in seedling, tillering and panicle stage. The results showed that found rice diseases all months in RD31 and RD41 such as bacterial leaf blight disease (BLB), brown spot disease, narrow brown spot disease, dirty panicle disease, false smut disease, orange leaf disease, rice grassy stunt disease and ragged stunt disease. BLB is the major disease in these areas and found almost year in tillering to panicle stage. Severe epidemics in August and December. BLB infected RD41 more than RD31, that...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Global warming; Climate change; Rice diseases; Rice pathogen; Epidemics; Rice; RD 31 variety; RD 41 variety; Rice production; Plant diseases survey; Rice diseases; Pathogens; Irrigation area; Chai Nat province; Nakhonsawan province; ข้าว; พันธุ์กข 31; พันธุ์กข 41; การผลิตข้าว; นาปักดำ; การสำรวจโรคพืช; โรคข้าว; เชื้อสาเหตุของโรค; การระบาดของโรค; ภาวะโลกร้อน; การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ; การประเมินความเสียหาย; พื้นที่ชลประทาน; จ.ชัยนาท; จ.นครสวรรค์.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5694

การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศและการระบาดของโรคข้าวในนาชลประทานที่ปลูกต่อเนื่องในจังหวัดปทุมธานี
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Nittaya Ruensuk; Chalermkwan Chimwai; Acharaporn  Na Lampang  Noemplab; Yuthapong Petcharaporn.
Climate change may affect rice-growing environments and disease epidemics. Therefore, the experiment was conducted at Prathum Thani Rice Research Center during 2011 – 2012 Effect of Climate change on the outbreak of rice diseases. The objective was to study two rice varieties, RD31 and PSL2 were planted every month throughout the year. Random survey for disease incidence was done in the rice plot, and meterogical data such as temperature, relative humidity and rainfall collected from the meterological station. Base on meterological data, the average annual temperature increased in the year 2012, but the average rainfall and humidity decreased. Disease found in 2011 were rice blast, brown spot, bacterial leaf streak and red stripe disease. Disease found in...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Rice; Rice production; Continuously cropped; Irrigated rice fields; RD 31 variety; Phitsanulok 2 variety; Rice disease; Epidemics; Plant diseases survey; Climate change; Global warming; Prathum Thani province; ข้าว; การปลูกข้าวต่อเนื่อง; นาชลประทาน; พันธุ์กข 31; พันธุ์พิษณุโลก 2; โรคข้าว; การระบาดของโรค; การสำรวจโรคพืช; ภาวะโลกร้อน; การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ; การประเมินความเสียหาย; จ.ปทุมธานี.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5698

สภาพฟ้าอากาศที่เปลี่ยนแปลง: ผลกระทบของอากาศหนาวเย็นต่อผลผลิตของข้าวในเขตภาคเหนือตอนล่าง
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Acharaporn Na Lampang Noenplab.
Rice growing areas in the Lower North of Thailand has been severely affected by extreme climate change seen as cold injury in 2007 dry season. The total affected area was 621,176 rai (99,388 ha) resulted in a drastic loss of 2,749 million Baht ($US 89 million). Since it has been reported that the most sensitive stage to cool temperature is the young microspore stage, approximately 8.5-10 days before flowering, and the critical range of temperature for cold injury resulted in panicle sterility is 15-20 oC. This preliminary investigation firstly aimed to observe visible changes after exposing to cool temperatures. Secondly, to observe the relationship between low temperature and sterility. Thirdly, to measure a subsequent reduction in grain yield of rice cv....
Tipo: Collection
Palavras-chave: Rice; Climate change; Cold injury; Young microspore stage; Panicle sterility; Leaf discoloration; Tip degeneration; Yield loss; Lower North region; Supanburi 3; Thailand; ข้าว; สภาพอากาศหนาวเย็น; ผลกระทบจากภูมิอากาศ; การเป็นหมันของรวงข้าว; ปลายรวงฝ่อ; ผลผลิตข้าว; พันธุ์สุพรรณบุรี 3; การเปลี่ยนแปลงของอากาศ; อายุเก็บเกี่ยว; ภาคเหนือตอนล่าง.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5097

ความท้าทายของนักปรับปรุงพันธุ์พืชภายใต้การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศโลก กรณีศึกษาการปรับปรุงมันสำปะหลัง
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Chareinsuk Rojanaridpiched.
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Cassava; Climate change; มันสำปะหลัง; การปรับปรุงพันธุ์; การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ; นักปรับปรุงพันธุ์พืช; ความท้าทาย.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5121

IR57514-PMI-5-B-1-2 สายพันธุ์ข้าวสำหรับสภาพภูมิอากาศที่เปลี่ยนแปลง
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Anuchart Kotchasatit.
Elite line, IR57514-PMI-5-B-1-2 was bred at International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in 1987. Then it has been selected at Phimai Rice Research Station. After that, yield trials were conducted under rainfed lowland condition in North and Northest Thailand. When grown in famer field under drought prone during 1996 - 1999, this line gaved the highest yield by average 542 kg/rai  and inter-station yield trials during 2002 - 2014 it yielded by average 598 kg/rai which were 22 and 17% higher than KDML105 in the tested field conditions. The adventages of this line are drought resistance, submergence tolelance, resistant to rice blast disease and high adaptation to grow under rainfed condition. Therefore, it is suitable for reducing the risk from climate...
Tipo: Collection
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Elite line; High yield; Rainfed rice; การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ; สายพันธุ์ดี; ผลผลิตสูง; ข้าวนาน้ำฝน.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5893

ผลกระทบของการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศต่อการผลิตอ้อยในภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือของประเทศไทย: พื้นที่ศึกษา จังหวัดกาฬสินธุ์
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Preecha Kapetch; Krirk Pannangpetch.
Climate change can directly affect crop production due to the increases of CO2 and temperature, and indirectly via weather variability especially rainfall. Sugarcane is important crop for Thailand, and large proportion are planted in Northeast of Thailand. Therefore this investigation is conducted to evaluate the impacts of climate change on yield of sugarcane in this region from 2010 to 2049, using ECHAM weather data downscale to 20x20 km by PRECIS as input to CANEGRO crop model in DSSAT program. Results showed that climate change has small effect on long term changes in sugarcane production. However average yield is highly variable, both spatially and temporally. Spatial variability is largely due to both soil and weather while temporal variability is...
Tipo: Collection
Palavras-chave: Sugarcane; Climate change; Yield variability; อ้อย; ความแปรปรวนของผลผลิตอ้อย; การเปลี่ยนแปลงของอากาศ; การผลิตอ้อย; ผลผลิต; ภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ; จ.กาฬสินธุ์.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5323

วิกฤติโลกร้อนกับการวิจัยและพัฒนาพันธุ์ข้าวสาลี
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Nongnuch Pradit.
Crisis of Global Warming resulting in climate change seriously and have an impact on the production of cereals, especially wheat, a crop that requires low temperatures for growth. The growth arrest and lower productivity. Meteorological data of Thailand to global warming as well. The temperature rise and the overall decrease in rainfall. Effects of climate change has extended to include wheat varieties research and development in Rice research in the Upper North and the Northeast in Thailand, the region has the potential to grow wheat and research and development of such a long time. We found that wheat has been the impact of climate change with temperature higher than the optimum temperature for growth. It halts wheat growth, acceleration of growth and...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Wheat; Global warming; Climate change; Growth; Productivity; ข้าวสาลี; ภาวะโลกร้อน; การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ; การพัฒนาพันธุ์; การเจริญเติบโต; ผลผลิต.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5620

ผลของการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศที่มีต่อชนิดของเชื้อสาเหตุ และการระบาดของโรคข้าวในนาชลประทานที่ปลูกต่อเนื่อง
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Acharaporn Na Lampang Noenplab; Rasamee Dhitikiattipong; Witchuda Rattanakarn; Wanporn Khemmook; Sith Jaisong; Pannipa Yajai; Piyawan Yaidee; Nootjarin jungkhun; Kornsiri Srinin; Taraporn Yuenyong; Duangkamon Boonchuay; Anakkapon Boonchuay; Duangporn Witoonjit; Nittaya Ruensuk; Chalermkwan Chimwai; Chalermchart Ruechaikarm; Kanok-orn Dawkmaitate; Wannapan janlapa; Tasdow Kate-nate; Chalermpol Chalermpolyothin; Sommai Sriwisut; Noppadol prayoonsook; Chanasirin Klinmanee; Saowanee Sribua.
This study was carried out in the continuous irrigated rice cropping system during 2011-2013 by 8 rice research centers and Bureau of Rice Research and Development. Disease assessments were also conducted in the farmers’ fields in 16 provinces responsible by participating offices in the Upper and Lower North, Central, East and South of Thailand. The main objective was to investigate the relationship between meteorological data and disease epidemics through field survey and carry out experiment on continuous rice cultivation by sowing popular rice variety every month. Three significant rice pathogens i.e. blast, bacterial leaf blight and ragged stunt were collected for diversification study. Results revealed that there were disease epidemics in 19...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Rice pathogen; Rice epidemics; Continuous cropping; Irrigated rice; Thailand; ข้าว; การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ; เชื้อสาเหตุโรคข้าว; การระบาดของโรคข้าว; การทำนาอย่างต่อเนื่อง; ข้าวนาชลประทาน; อุตุนิยมวิทยา; ประเทศไทย.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5656

การเพิ่มผลผลิตข้าวหอมอินทรีย์และการปลดปล่อยก๊าซมีเทน ปีที่ 1: การคัดเลือกเทคโนโลยีการจัดการน้ำและปุ๋ยอินทรีย์ต่อการเพิ่มผลผลิตข้าวอินทรีย์ที่ปล่อยก๊าซมีเทนต่ำในนาเกษตรกร
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Patcharee Saenjan; Niwat Luangchaisri; Anan Polthanee; Duangsamorn Tulaphitak.
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Organic rice; Methane; Irrigation; Fertilizer; Climate change; Attitudes; ข้าวอินทรีย์; การลดก๊าซมีเทน; การเพิ่มผลผลิตทางการเกษตร; วัสดุอินทรีย์; การไถกลบ; ดินนา่; นาข้าว; ทัศนคติ; เกษตรกร; ต้นทุนการผลิต; ผลตอบแทน; การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5119

ภาวะโลกร้อนกับงานวิจัยในนาข้าว
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Patcharee Senjaen.
Tipo: Collection
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Methane; Greenhouse effect; Rice field; ภาวะโลกร้อน; ก๊าซมีเทน; ภาวะเรือนกระจก; นาข้าว; การเปลี่ยนแปลงภูมิอากาศ.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5270

ผลของการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศต่อการระบาดของโรคข้าวในภาคตะวันออก
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Wannaphan Janlapha; Thasdaw Katenate; Acharaporn Na Lampang Noenplab; Sommai Seewisut; Chalermpol Chalermpolyotin; Ratthaporn Wattanasuchat.
Effects of climate change on disease epidemics in the eastern area were studied during 2011-2013.  This study consists of 2 activities, the first activity was monitoring the outbreak of rice diseases in farmer field’s network.  The occurrence of rice blast was found every year and the highest disease severity was 40 percent in January 2013.  The highest of rice bacterial blight and bacterial leaf streak severity were 90 percent in September 2012 and 40 percent in July 2012, respectively.  The second activity was studying the relationship between rice diseases epidemics and climate change at Chachoengsao Rice Research Center.  Phisanulok 2 and Chinat 1 rice varieties were planted every month throughout the year.  Rice diseases were randomly assessed at...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Rice; Climate change; Rice diseases; Epidermics; Eastern region; ข้าว; การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ; โรคข้าว; การระบาดของโรค; ภาคตะวันออก.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5653

การเพิ่มขีดความสามารถในการปรับตัวของเกษตรกรต่อการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศในระบบการผลิตข้าวนาน้ำฝนอย่างยั่งยืนในภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Sommai Lertna.
The purposes of this project were to evaluate situation of climate change and its impact on rainfed lowland rice production in Northeastern region, farmers’ adaptation, their selfsubsistance and learning process in order to develop sustainable production system, farmer group network and dissemination process among the network. This present paper reported the progress results for year 2013 wet season which conducted at 16 sites. Results from wet season 2012 showed that there was severe variation of rainfalling in early season which caused unpredictable start of growing season. This leaded to delayed in planting, particularly transplanting which found to be from July to September. Thus, our work on wet season 2013 emphasised on predicting of optimum planting...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Rainfed lowland rice; Climate change; Adaptation; Participation; Strengthening; Knowledge exchange; Northeastern; ข้าว; การเปลี่ยนแปลงของภูมิอากาศ; เกษตรกร; การผลิตข้าว; นาน้ำฝน; การปรับตัวของเกษตรกร; การพึ่งตนเอง; การมีส่วนร่วม; การแลกเปลี่ยนเรียนรู้; การพัฒนาขีดความสามารถ; ภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5660

ผลของการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศต่อการระบาดของโรคข้าว จังหวัดเชียงรายและพะเยา
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Nootjarin Jungkhun; Piyapa Srikhom; Konsiri Srinil; Taraporn Yuneyong; Kanteera Kanta.
Main objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between climate changes and rice disease s epidemics in Chiangrai and Phayao provinces. The study was conducted at Chiangrai Rice Research Center during the year 2011-2013 by monthly broadcasting two popular rice varieties in the area; Phitsanulok 2 and Sanpatong 1. The experiment was carried out in Split plot in RCB Design with 3 replicates having month as main plot and variety as sub-plot. Disease incidence and severity were evaluated at 3 growth stages i.e. 20, 50 and 90 days after sowing. Concurrently, Disease incidence and severity were recorded for rice diseases in the farmers’ fields of Chiangrai and Phayao provinces having infected at 10 rai and above. Disease data showed that both rice...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Temperature; Relative humidity; Rainfall; Rice disease; Epidemic; Global warming; Rice pathogen; Rice; Rice production; Phitsanulok 2 variety; Sanpatong 1 variety; Plant diseases survey; Pathogens; Chiangrai province; Phayao province; ข้าว; พันธุ์พิษณุโลก 2; พันธุ์สันป่าตอง 1; การผลิตข้าว; การสำรวจโรคพืช; โรคข้าว; เชื้อสาเหตุของโรค; การระบาดของโรค; ภาวะโลกร้อน; การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ; อุณหภูมิ; ความชื้นสัมพัทธ์; ปริมาณน้ำฝน; การประเมินความเสียหาย; จ.เชียงราย; จ.พะเยา.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5695

ผลการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพแวดล้อมต่อการเจริญเติบโตและให้ผลผลิตข้าว
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Khemporn Petcharaporn; Nittaya Ruensuk.
Investigation was made of growth and yield rice in response to different environments of irrigated rice varieties in paddy field at Klong Luang Rice Research Center during 2012 to 2013.  The objective of this research was to correlate the effect of climate change on growth and rice yield.  Five non-photoperiod sensitive rice varieties (Suphanburi 1, Suphanburi 2,  Pathumtani 1, RD 29 and RD 43)  were varied planting date. The results showed that 1) Increasing of the mean temperature, rain, humidity, wind speedy and the cumulative of sunshine per day will tend increasing height and number tiller of rice  during  sowing date to tillering stage.  2) Low temperature and lese of the cumulative amount of sunshine per day effect to the ripening stage was shorter...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Rice; Climate change; Growth; Yield; Global warming; ข้าว; สภาพภูมิอากาศ; การเจริญเติบโต; ผลผลิต; พันธุ์.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5623

Mechanisms of plant responses to global climate change
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Ed Sarobol.
Tipo: Collection
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Climate change; Environmental stress; Stress; Hormone; Gene; Plant adaptation; เกษตรกรรม; การตอบสนองของพืช; การปรับปรุงพันธุ์พืช; การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศโลก; สภาพแวดล้อม; กลไกการทำงานของพืช; ความเครียด; ฮอร์โมน; ยีน; การปรับตัว.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5123

A conceptual model to describe heat stress in dairy cows from actual to questionable loops
Provedor de dados: Acta Agronómica
Autores: Molina Benavides,Raúl Andrés; Sánchez Guerrero,Hugo; Atzori,Alberto Stanislao.
Abstract Thermal environment is recognized to be one the most important ecological factor to determine domestic animal growth, development and productivity for direct and indirect effects on its physiology and behavior. Despite having specific and individual adaptation, is very common, within seasonal or diurnal temperature variations, animals deal with situations outside their thermal comfort zone. Due to heat stress, dairy cows reduce milk production and fertility, and therefore, had achieved an increasing in metabolic disorders incidence, causing low revenues to farm in short and medium periods. Due to world climate change more impact of the meteorological variables on animal responses is expected for the future. This study aimed to describe and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Grazing; Livestock production systems; Milk production; System dynamics; Temperature.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-28122018000100059

Global warming in Amazonia: impacts and Mitigation
Provedor de dados: Acta Amazonica
Autores: Fearnside,Philip Martin.
Global warming has potentially catastrophic impacts in Amazonia, while at the same time maintenance of the Amazon forest offers one of the most valuable and cost-effective options for mitigating climate change. We know that the El Niño phenomenon, caused by temperature oscillations of surface water in the Pacific, has serious impacts in Amazonia, causing droughts and forest fires (as in 1997-1998). Temperature oscillations in the Atlantic also provoke severe droughts (as in 2005). We also know that Amazonian trees die both from fires and from water stress under hot, dry conditions. In addition, water recycled through the forest provides rainfall that maintains climatic conditions appropriate for tropical forest, especially in the dry season. What we need...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Climate change; Deforestation; Environmental services; Global warming; Greenhouse effect.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672009000400030

Allometric equations for total, above- and below-ground biomass and carbon of the Amazonian forest type known as campinarana
Provedor de dados: Acta Amazonica
Autores: WOORTMANN,Cecilia P.I.B.; HIGUCHI,Niro; SANTOS,Joaquim dos; SILVA,Roseana P. da.
ABSTRACT The Amazon forest comprises many different forest types, amongst them are campinas and campinaranas, which occur on Amazonian sandy soils, representing 2.65% of Amazonian territory. An understanding of the ecology and quantification of the environmental goods and services of campinaranas is key to their conservation. Based on a direct method to estimate biomass and carbon content of campinarana, we harvested and weighted 89 trees and other forest components in ten randomly allocated plots of 100 m2 (10 x 10 m) and 11 additional trees outside the plots. The data allowed us to describe how biomass is distributed amongst campinarana vegetation and amongst tree compartments. We developed allometric equations to estimate the total, above- and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Modelling; Forests on sand; Climate change.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672018000200085

The influence of the conservation status and changes in the rainfall regime on forest-savanna mosaic dynamics in Northern Brazilian Amazonia
Provedor de dados: Acta Amazonica
Autores: Couto-Santos,Fabiana R.; Luizão,Flávio J.; Carneiro Filho,Arnaldo.
Coupled carbon/climate models are predicting changes in Amazon carbon and water cycles for the near future, with conversion of forest into savanna-like vegetation. However, empirical data to support these models are still scarce for Amazon. Facing this scenario, we investigated whether conservation status and changes in rainfall regime have influenced the forest-savanna mosaic over 20 years, from 1986 to 2006, in a transitional area in Northern Amazonia. By applying a spectral linear mixture model to a Landsat-5-TM time series, we identified protected savanna enclaves within a strictly protected nature reserve (Maracá Ecological Station - MES) and non-protected forest islands at its outskirts and compared their areas among 1986/1994/2006. The protected...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Spectral linear mixture model; Ecotone; Savannization; Climate change; Protected areas.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672014000200005

Assessment of climate change impacts on water resources of the Purus Basin in the southwestern Amazon
Provedor de dados: Acta Amazonica
Autores: DALAGNOL,Ricardo; BORMA,Laura de Simone; MATEUS,Pedro; RODRIGUEZ,Daniel Andres.
ABSTRACT Knowledge about water resources is critical for climate adaptation in face of long-term changes and more frequent extreme events occurrence. During the major droughts of 2005 and 2010, a large epicenter was located in the southwestern Amazon over the Purus River Basin. In this sense, we conducted a hydrological simulation in this basin to assess the climate change impacts on its water resources throughout the 21st century. The water balance was simulated using the Distributed Hydrological Model (MHD-INPE). The future climate projections were simulated by the regional ETA-INPE model driven by a 4-member HadCM3 global model regarding the A1B-AR4/IPCC scenario of greenhouse gases emissions. As simulated by the ETA-INPE/HadCM3, the 4-members mean...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Hydrologic modeling; Adaptation.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000300213

POTENTIALLY TOXIC DINOFLAGELLATES ASSOCIATED TO SEAGRASS ON ISLA DE BARÚ, COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN, DURING EL NIÑO 2015
Provedor de dados: Acta Biológica Colombiana
Autores: RUIZ GÓMEZ,Anderson; MANCERA PINEDA,José Ernesto.
ABSTRACT In the last decades, harmful algal blooms (HAB) and toxic events such as ciguatera seem to have increased in frequency and intensity, negatively impacting human health, economy, and marine ecosystems. In Colombia, these events have caused a series of consequences ranging from the death of fish and birds to toxic effects on humans. Although some toxin-producing dinoflagellate species are common in the Caribbean, their dynamics are poorly understood, making the adoption of any regulations difficult. To determine the composition and abundance of dinoflagellates associated with seagrasses we collected 18 samples on Isla de Barú, during 2015. We found ten diatom genera and three dinoflagellate genera, Prorocentrum, Ostreopsis, and Gambierdiscus, that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Food poisoning; Marine phytoplankton; Microalgae phytoplankton abundance.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-548X2019000100109

Effects of ocean warming, eutrophication and salinity variations on the growth of habitat-forming macroalgae in estuarine environments
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Borburema,Henrique Douglas dos Santos; Lima,Ruth Pessoa de; Miranda,George Emmanuel Cavalcanti de.
ABSTRACT Global change and coastal eutrophication are affecting macroalgae worldwide. We analyzed the effects of increased water temperature (25, 28 and 32 °C) and eutrophication on the growth of Bostrychia binderi and Bostrychia montagnei in a range of salinities (18, 24, 30, 36 and 42 PSU) through three independent multifactorial experiments. Both species had higher growth at 25 °C than at 28 and 32 °C (warming scenario projected by IPCC), suggesting a negative effect of ocean warming. The species showed a broad tolerance to the range of salinities tested, with higher growth at 36 and 42 PSU, as a local adaptation strategy. Oligotrophic seawater significantly affected the growth of both species because the lowest growth was found in this condition,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bostrychia; Bostrychietum; Climate change; Ecophysiology; Estuarine macroalgae; Eutrophication; Global change; Growth; Salinity variation; Sea level rise.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062020000400662

Elevated atmospheric CO2 increases Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake stem diameter by stimulating cell proliferation and reducing lignin deposition
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Innocente,Patricia Sitta; Teixeira,Simone Pádua; Balbuena,Tiago Santana.
ABSTRACT In 2019, the atmospheric CO2 concentration exceeded the 415 ppm milestone for the first time in the human history. According to projections of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), CO2 levels will continue to rise in the future, potentially affecting all living organisms. Plants with C3 metabolism may benefit from rising CO2 levels because the significant losses of photosynthesis, driven by photorespiration could be diminished under this scenario. This study addressed the anatomical changes in the stems of young Eucalyptus urophylla plants induced through cultivation in elevated CO2 (eCO2). Plants cultivated under eCO2 showed increased stem diameter (i.e., radial width of the secondary xylem, secondary phloem and cortex tissues)....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Climate change; Eucalyptus; Lignin; Plant stress; Stem anatomy.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062020000300589

Carbon dioxide-enriched atmosphere enhances biomass accumulation and meristem production in the pioneer shrub Baccharis dracunculifolia (Asteraceae)
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Mendes de Sá,Camila Emiliane; Negreiros,Daniel; Fernandes,Geraldo Wilson; Dias,Mariana Costa; Franco,Augusto César.
The increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration predicted to the end of this century may cause several alterations on plant species development, which shall result in changes in the structure and function of plant communities. The present work aimed to investigate the effects of the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration on the development of Baccharis dracunculifolia, a key pioneer Neotropical shrub. Seedlings of B. dracunculifolia were exposed to 720 ppm of CO2 as well as to ambient concentration of CO2 (approximately 360 ppm) during 120 days in open top chambers. Growth and dry biomass accumulation were higher under elevated CO2 concentrations. As a response to CO2 enrichment, there was an increase of 134% in total dry mass, 208% in root dry mass and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Elevated [CO2]; Plant growth; Pioneer species; Resource allocation.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062014000400021

Do the structures of macaw palm fruit protect seeds in a fire-prone environment?
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Bicalho,Elisa Monteze; Rosa,Bruno Luan; Souza,Anna Elisa de; Rios,Camilla Oliveira; Pereira,Eduardo Gusmão.
ABSTRACT Fire is an abiotic disturbance that regulates vegetation structure and biodiversity. Some plant species have adapted to fire prone environments by evolving protective structures. Acrocomia aculeata (macaw palm) is widely distributed throughout tropical America, and is found in environments continuously influenced by anthropogenic fire. We aimed to determine whether the fruit characteristics of A. aculeata enable seeds to resist the effects of fire and also the consequent effects of fire on fruit biometric traits and embryo viability. After a fire event in a region of pasture-forest transition, we marked 30 individuals of A. aculeata. The trees were separated by UPGMA analysis into 5 groups according to fire exposure, ranging from trees with no...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acrocomia aculeata; Biometry; Burning; Climate change; Seed viability.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062016000400540

Increased atmospheric CO2 changes the photosynthetic responses of Acrocomia aculeata (Arecaceae) to drought
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Rosa,Bruno Luan; Souza,João Paulo; Pereira,Eduardo Gusmão.
ABSTRACT Water availability is the main factor that explains current patterns of palm abundance. However, the interaction between water stress and increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations caused by climatic change and its effects on palm physiology remain poorly known. Macauba palm is a widespread Neotropical species commonly found in ecosystems subjected to seasonal drought and has potential use in oil production. The present work investigated the influence of increased CO2 concentrations on photosynthetic responses to drought in macauba palm plants. Exposure to increased CO2 concentrations led to up-regulation of photosynthesis through higher stomatal conductance and improved light and water use efficiency. Macauba palm plants under water stress,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Photosynthesis; Palm; Water stress; Water use efficiency.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062019000300486

Improvement in light utilization and shoot growth in Hymenaea stigonocarpa under high CO 2 concentration attenuates simulated leaf herbivory effects
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Maia,Renata A.; Fernandes,Geraldo W.; Silva,Advanio I. S.; Souza,João Paulo.
ABSTRACT This study evaluated the photochemical responses of photosystem II and growth of Hymenaea stigonocarpa under CO2-enriched conditions with exposure to simulated herbivory events. After herbivory simulation in two distinct parts of the stem of plants (apex and base), chlorophyll a fluorescence, chlorophyll index, growth, extrafloral nectary density, leaf mineral nutrition, and biomass production were evaluated. Plants of H. stigonocarpa grown under high [CO2] after simulated herbivory in the apical part of the stem had higher electron transport rate, effective quantum yield of photosystem II, and chlorophyll contents. However, simulated herbivory in the basal portion of plants grown under high [CO2] increased plant height, branch and root length,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biomass allocation; Cerrado; Climate change; Leaf damage; Leaf development.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062019000300558

The influence of nonlinear trends on the power of the trend-free pre-whitening approach
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Agronomy
Autores: Blain, Gabriel Constantino.
The Mann-Kendall test has been widely used to detect trends in agro-meteorological as well as hydrological time series. Trend-free pre-whitening (TFPW-MK) is an approach that improves the performance of this test in the presence of serial correlation. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of TFPW-MK to detect nonlinear trends. As a case study, this approach was also applied to 10-day values of precipitation (P), potential evapotranspiration (PE) and the difference between P and PE (P- PE) obtained from the weather station of Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The results obtained from Monte Carlo simulations indicate that upward convex trends increase the power of this test, while upward concave trends decrease its power. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mann-Kendall; Serial correlation; Climate change.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/18199

Photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange in castor bean under conditions of above the optimal temperature and high CO2
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Agronomy
Autores: Silva, Fabiola França; Mendes, Bruna Silva; Rocha, Maria Socorro; Brito Neto, José Félix; Beltrão, Napoleão Macêdo; Sofiatti, Valdinei.
The castor bean plant, a Euphorbiaceae oil seed C3-metabolism rustic and drought-resistant plant, is cultivated in a wide range of environments due to its good adaptive capacity. However, given the current environmental changes, many biochemical and physiological impacts may affect the productivity of important crops, such as castor bean. This work aimed to evaluate the impacts of the castor bean gas exchange in response to high temperature and increased CO2concentration.Our experiment was conducted in a phytotron located at Embrapa Algodão in 2010. We adopted a completely randomized design, with four treatments in a factorial combination of two temperatures (30/20 and 37/30°C) and two CO2 levels (400 and 800 mmol L-1); four replications were performed,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: 5.01.03.00-8 castor bean; Climate change; Gas exchange; Photosynthesis; Chlorophyllssíntese  clorofila 5.01.03.06-7.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/19075

The Mann-Kendall test: the need to consider the interaction between serial correlation and trend - doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v35i4.16006
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Agronomy
Autores: Blain, Gabriel Constantino; Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC).
Pre-whitening approaches have been widely used to remove the influence of serial correlations on the Mann-Kendall trend test (MK_prew). However, previous studies indicate that this procedure may lead to a false reduction of the significance of a trend. An alternative approach (MK_interact) has been proposed to improve the assessment of the significance of a trend in auto-correlated data. Therefore, the present study compared the performance of the MK_prew and MK_interact for detecting trends in auto-correlated series. Sets of Monte Carlo experiments were carried out to evaluate the occurrence of type I and II errors obtained from both approaches. The analyses were also based on 10-day values of the difference between precipitation and potential...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Monte Carlo experiments; Auto-correlated series; Climate change; Pre-whitening.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/16006

The role of small ruminants on global climate change
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Animal Sciences
Autores: Monteiro, Alda Lúcia Gomes; Faro, Amanda Moser Coelho da Fonseca; Peres, Mylena Taborda Piquera; Batista, Rafael; Poli, Cesar Henrique Espirito Candal; Villalba, Juan Jose.
 Global warming, as a consequence of excessive CO2 production mainly due to anthropogenic actions, is one of the main concerns of society due to the effects it can cause in the survival of humans, plants and animals. Several climatic consequences have already been reported, such as warming the oceans and changing biodiversity in various regions of the planet. One of the greenhouse gases responsible for global warming, which causes a lot of concern, is methane gas from digestion of food by ruminants. Besides that, emissions of greenhouse gases are represented also by waste management, rice cultivation, burning of residues from agriculture and soil management for agricultural production. Among ruminants, sheep and goats play an important economic role mainly...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Goats; Methane; Sheep.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/43124

Status and sustainability challenges of agricultural water usage in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: Agricultural Engineering International : The CIGR e-journal
Autores: Amin, M. G. Mostofa.
Maintaining sustainability in agricultural water usage is a critical concern particularly when the burgeoning population demands more food while adverse climate change impacts water availability. Despite this, the climate-water-crop nexus is still poorly understood in many regions throughout the globe. This study was conducted to quantify current agricultural water use in Bangladesh, one of the most climate-vulnerable countries, and to assess its sustainability challenges. The number of crops, cropping area, yield, water use, long-term daily rainfall, daily river stage and weekly groundwater level data were collected and statistically analyzed. This study revealed that the two most drought-prone northwest divisions export virtual water embedded in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Virtual water transport; Climate change; Water security; Groundwater; Surface water; Precipitation; Drought index.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/6973

Concentrations and Settling Rates of Particulate Matter in Laying Hen Barns in the Hot Climatic Region of Cameroon
Provedor de dados: Agricultural Engineering International : The CIGR e-journal
Autores: Ngwabie, Ngwa Martin.
Particulate matter (PM) serves as a carrier of adhesive gaseous compounds, and may result to an underestimation of gas emissions from livestock barns when only filtered air samples are analysed. PM concentrations have hardly been studied in the unique livestock production system of Sub-Saharan Africa. This study was aimed at generating baseline data for PM (total suspended particulates) concentrations and settling rates in laying hen barns with cemented floors and wood shavings added as an initial bedding material. Measurements were conducted in two naturally ventilated laying hen barns in Cameroon; a barn with 4 months old hens that had just stated laying eggs and a barn with 18 months old egg laying hens. PM concentration was determined gravimetrically...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Air pollution; Climate change; Dust; Laying hens; Particulate matter; Total suspended particulates; Cameroon.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5566

Potential crop water requirements of dry season Boro rice under climate change in North-East hydrological region of Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: Agricultural Engineering International : The CIGR e-journal
Autores: Rahman, Md Abedur; Haq, Md Erfanul; Anjum, Naveed.
In the present study, two districts of North-East region of Bangladesh; a flood prone area with high temperature and maximum precipitation, respectively were selected along-with two widely cultivated Boro rice varieties in Bangladesh. Reference evapotranspiration (ETO) during the study period from 1994 to 2010 was estimated with the daily meteorological data utilizing the FAO Penman-Monteith method. A MAKESENS trend model was adopted for the assessment of both Mann-Kendall test and Sen's rate of change over the study period. During the study period, the potential crop water requirement of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute dhan 28 and BRRI dhan 29 in Moulvibazar has been declined by −3.953 mm year−1 and −5.182 mm year−1, respectively; whereas it has been...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Potential crop water requirement; Climate change; MAKESENS trend model; Boro rice; Sen’s slope; Mann-Kendall test.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5494

Altitudinal genetic variation among Pinus patula populations from Oaxaca, México, in growth chambers simulating global warming temperatures
Provedor de dados: Agrociencia
Autores: Sáenz-Romero,Cuauhtémoc; Beaulieu,Jean; Rehfeldt,Gerald E.
Climatic change will decouple the matching between genotypes and environments. Studying the patterning of genetic variation among pine populations along altitudinal gradients under simulated climatic change temperatures, would provide insights about how to realign the present populations to future environments. Fourteen Pinus patula populations from the forests of the Native Indian Community of Ixtlán de Juárez, state of Oaxaca, México, were collected in January-March 2005 and 2006 along an altitudinal gradient (2400 m to 3050 m, one population every 50 m of altitudinal difference). Seedlings were grown in growth chambers at the Laurentides Forestry Center, Quebec city, Canada, under two temperature treatments aiming to simulate: contemporary temperature...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Altitudinal gradients; Altitudinal seed zoning; Assisted migration; Climate change; Genetic differentiation.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1405-31952011000300012

Anticipating the response of the Brazilian giant earthworm (Rhinodrilus alatus) to climate change: implications for its traditional use
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: HUGHES,FREDERIC M.; CÔRTES-FIGUEIRA,JOSÉ EUGÊNIO; DRUMOND,MARIA AUXILIADORA.
Abstract Our understanding of the impacts of ongoing global warming on terrestrial species has increased significantly during the last several years, but how climatic change has affected, and will affect, the distribution of earthworms remains largely unknown. We used climate niche modeling to model the current distribution of the giant earthworm Rhinodrilus alatus - an endemic species of the Cerrado Domain in Brazil, which is traditionally harvested and commercialized for fishing bait. R. alatus is sensitive to environmental changes because climate, in synergy with soil attributes, determine its annual reproductive cycle and distribution. The paleoclimatic reconstructions predict important geographical shifts from LGM (~21,000 yBp) to the present...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Ecological niche modeling; Giant earthworm; Harvesting; Management; Rhinodrilus alatus.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000100605

An overview of the 2017 report of the French academy of Sciences on biodiversity
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: LAVOREL,SANDRA; LEBRETON,JEAN-DOMINIQUE; MAHO,YVON LE.
Abstract: In the present context of concerns for biodiversity, the French Academy of Sciences produced in 2017 a report entitled “Mechanisms of adaptation of biodiversity to climate change and their limits”. We briefly review here the production process and structure of the report, and summarize its conclusions and recommendations. The conclusions emphasize the role of habitat fragmentation in the expected impact of climate change on biodiversity, in particular for organisms with limited dispersal abilities, and the disparities in species responses which must be taken to understand the future of species assemblages (“communities”) under different scenarios of climate change. The recommendations cover the organization of biodiversity research and monitoring...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Climate change; Global change; Adaptation.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000600612

Human Heat stress risk prediction in the Brazilian semiarid Region based on the Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: OLIVEIRA,BEATRIZ FÁTIMA A. DE; SILVEIRA,ISMAEL HENRIQUE; FEITOSA,RENATO C.; HORTA,MARCO AURÉLIO P.; JUNGER,WASHINGTON L.; HACON,SANDRA.
Abstract: Objective: the aim of this study is to map thermal stress risks for human health at the São Francisco River Basin (SFRB) in the Semiarid region, for climatic scenarios RCP 4.5 and 8.5. Methods: The heat stress conditions were defined by the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) indicator and by the average number of annual days in which the WBGT values exceeded the 90th percentile of the reference period. The WBGT was estimated for the climate scenarios RCP 4.5 (intermediate) and 8.5 (pessimistic) for the period 2011-2090 comparing to the period of reference (1961-2005). Results: The projections show that for the pessimistic scenario practically all municipalities of the SFRB region can reach values of WBGT that indicate a high risk for heat stress...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Heat stress; Health impacts; Wet Bulb Globe Temperature.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000500808

A Holocene pollen record of savanna establishment in coastal Amapá
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: Toledo,Mauro B. de; Bush,Mark B.
The main goal of this study was to investigate how climate and human activities may have influenced ecotonal areas of disjoint savannas within Brazilian Amazonia. The fossil pollen and charcoal records of Lake Márcio (Amapá) were used to provide a Holocene palaeoecological history of this region. Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) was used to enhance the patterns of sample distribution along the sediment core. A marked vegetation change from closed forests with swamp elements to open flooded savanna at c. 5000 yrs BP was evident from the pollen record. Charcoal analysis revealed a pattern of increased accumulation of particles coincident with the establishment of savannas, suggesting higher fire frequency and human impacts near the lake. A 550-year...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pollen record; Palaeofires; Amazonia; Savannas; Climate change; Palaeoecology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652008000200013

Analysis of results of biomass forest inventory in northeastern Amazon for development of REDD+ carbon project
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: MELLO,LEONEL N.C.; SALES,MARCIO H.R.; ROSA,LUIZ P.
ABSTRACT In Brazil, a significant reduction in deforestation rates occurred during the last decade. In spite of that fact, the average annual rates are still too high, approximately 400.000 ha/year (INPE/Prodes). The projects of emissions reduction through avoided deforestation (REED+) are an important tool to reduce deforestation rates in Brazil. Understanding the amazon forest structure, in terms of biomass stock is key to design avoided deforestation strategies. In this work, we analyze data results from aboveground biomass of 1,019.346,27 hectares in the state of Pará. It was collected data from 16,722 trees in 83 random independent plots. It was tested 4 allometric equations, for DBH &gt; 10cm: Brown et al. (1989), Brown and Lugo (1999), Chambers et...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Deforestation in Amazon; REDD+ Projects; Climate change; Carbon forest.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652016000100055

Climatically-mediated landcover change: impacts on Brazilian territory
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: ZANIN,MARINA; TESSAROLO,GEIZIANE; MACHADO,NATHÁLIA; ALBERNAZ,ANA LUISA M.
ABSTRACT In the face of climate change threats, governments are drawing attention to policies for mitigating its effects on biodiversity. However, the lack of distribution data makes predictions at species level a difficult task, mainly in regions of higher biodiversity. To overcome this problem, we use native landcover as a surrogate biodiversity, because it can represent specialized habitat for species, and investigate the effects of future climate change on Brazilian biomes. We characterize the climatic niches of native landcover and use ecological niche modeling to predict the potential distribution under current and future climate scenarios. Our results highlight expansion of the distribution of open vegetation and the contraction of closed forests....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Brazil; Ecological niche modeling; Native landcover; Biomes.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000300939

Estimating of gross primary production in an Amazon-Cerrado transitional forest using MODIS and Landsat imagery
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: DANELICHEN,VICTOR H.M.; BIUDES,MARCELO S.; VELASQUE,MAÍSA C.S.; MACHADO,NADJA G.; GOMES,RAPHAEL S.R.; VOURLITIS,GEORGE L.; NOGUEIRA,JOSÉ S.
The acceleration of the anthropogenic activity has increased the atmospheric carbon concentration, which causes changes in regional climate. The Gross Primary Production (GPP) is an important variable in the global carbon cycle studies, since it defines the atmospheric carbon extraction rate from terrestrial ecosystems. The objective of this study was to estimate the GPP of the Amazon-Cerrado Transitional Forest by the Vegetation Photosynthesis Model (VPM) using local meteorological data and remote sensing data from MODIS and Landsat 5 TM reflectance from 2005 to 2008. The GPP was estimated using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) calculated by MODIS and Landsat 5 TM images. The GPP estimates were compared...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amazon Basin; Cerrado; Carbon cycle; Climate change; Deforestation; Ecosystem function.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000401545

Vegetation and hydrology changes in Eastern Amazonia inferred from a pollen record
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: Toledo,Mauro B. de; Bush,Mark B.
Pollen, charcoal, and C14 analyses were performed on a sediment core obtained from Lake Tapera (Amapá) to provide the palaeoenvironmental history of this part of Amazonia. A multivariate analysis technique, Detrended Correspondence Analysis, was applied to the pollen data to improve visualization of sample distribution and similarity. A sedimentary hiatus lasting 5,500 years was identified in the Lake Tapera. Because the timing of the hiatus overlapped with the highest Holocene sea-level, which would have increased the local water table preventing the lake from drying out, it is clear that sea-level was not important in maintaining the lake level. Lake Tapera probably depended on riverine flood waters, and the sedimentary gap was caused by reduced Amazon...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vegetation change; Hydrology change; Amazonia; Pollen record; Climate change.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652008000100014

Shallow aquifer response to climate change scenarios in a small catchment in the Guarani Aquifer outcrop zone
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: MELO,DAVI C.D.; WENDLAND,EDSON.
ABSTRACT Water availability restrictions are already a reality in several countries. This issue is likely to worsen due to climate change, predicted for the upcoming decades. This study aims to estimate the impacts of climate change on groundwater system in the Guarani Aquifer outcrop zone. Global Climate Models (GCM) outputs were used as inputs to a water balance model, which produced recharge estimates for the groundwater model. Recharge was estimated across different land use types considering a control period from 2004 to 2014, and a future period from 2081 to 2099. Major changes in monthly rainfall means are expected to take place in dry seasons. Most of the analysed scenarios predict increase of more than 2 ºC in monthly mean temperatures. Comparing...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Guarani Aquifer; Groundwater modelling; Groundwater recharge.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000200391

Coral-based climate records from tropical South Atlantic: 2009/2010 ENSO event in C and O isotopes from Porites corals (Rocas Atoll, Brazil)
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: Pereira,Natan S.; Sial,Alcídes N.; Kikuchi,Ruy K.P.; Ferreira,Valderez P.; Ullmann,Clemens V.; Frei,Robert; Cunha,Adriana M.C.
ABSTRACT Coral skeletons contain records of past environmental conditions due to their long life span and well calibrated geochemical signatures. C and O isotope records of corals are especially interesting, because they can highlight multidecadal variability of local climate conditions beyond the instrumental record, with high fidelity and sub-annual resolution. Although, in order to get an optimal geochemical signal in coral skeleton, sampling strategies must be followed. Here we report one of the first coral-based isotopic record from the Equatorial South Atlantic from two colonies of Porites astreoides from the Rocas Atoll (offshore Brazil), a new location for climate reconstruction. We present time series of isotopic variation from profiles along the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Coral; Climate change; Rocas Atoll; Carbon and oxygen isotopes; South Atlantic Ocean.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000501939

Population dynamics of Siderastrea stellata Verrill, 1868 from Rocas Atoll, RN: implications for predicted climate change impacts at the only South Atlantic atoll
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: PINHEIRO,BARBARA R.; PEREIRA,NATAN S.; AGOSTINHO,PAULA G.F.; MONTES,MANUEL J.F.
ABSTRACT Coral reefs are one of the most vulnerable ecosystems to ocean warming and acidification, and it is important to determine the role of reef building species in this environment in order to obtain insight into their susceptibility to expected impacts of global changes. Aspects of the life history of a coral population, such as reproduction, growth and size-frequency can contribute to the production of models that are used to estimate impacts and potential recovery of the population, acting as a powerful tool for the conservation and management of those ecosystems. Here, we present the first evidence of Siderastrea stellata planulation, its early growth, population size-frequency distribution and growth rate of adult colonies in Rocas Atoll. Our...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Coral reefs; Rocas Atoll; Siderastrea stellata; South Atlantic Ocean.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000300873

Consequences of global climate change for geographic distributions of cerrado tree species
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: Siqueira,Marinez Ferreira de; Peterson,Andrew Townsend.
The present study applies a series of new techniques to understand the conservation of Cerrado tree species in the face of climate change. We applied techniques from the emerging field of ecological niche modeling to develop a first-pass assessment of likely effects of climate change on tree species’ distributions in the Cerrado biome by relating known occurrence points to electronic maps summarizing ecological dimensions. Distributional data represent 15,657 records for 162 tree species occurring in Cerrado. By focusing on the trees of one important and highly endemic biome, rather than the biota of a political unit, we were able to focus on developing biome-wide projections. An important limitation of this study is that only those species with more than...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ecological niche modeling; Cerrado tree species; Climate change.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032003000200005

The current distribution pattern of Biomphalaria tenagophila and Biomphalaria straminea in the northern and southern regions of the coastal fluvial plain in the state of São Paulo
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: Palasio,Raquel Gardini Sanches; Casotti,Marcia Oliveira; Rodrigues,Thamiris Cassia; Menezes,Regiane Maria Tirone; Zanotti-Magalhaes,Eliana Maria; Tuan,Roseli.
We analyze the current distribution of snails from genus Biomphalaria in the north and south of the coastal fluvial plain in the state of São Paulo, which is part of a large coastal floodplain. Data from twenty-nine collection sites confirmed that the freshwater body in both regions is colonized by Biomphalaria tenagophila and Biomphalaria straminea, which are natural intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni. The abundance of B. straminea in collection sites where only B. tenagophila had previously been recorded indicates the potential for B. straminea to expand in the region. While quantitative analysis of the number of specimens per species showed that local growth of B. tenagophila populations occurs during periods with little rainfall, there is a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: B. tenagophila; B. straminea; Schistosomiasis; Climate change.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032015000300401

How climate change can affect the distribution range and conservation status of an endemic bird from the highlands of eastern Brazil: the case of the Gray-backed Tachuri, Polystictus superciliaris (Aves, Tyrannidae)
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: Hoffmann,Diego; Vasconcelos,Marcelo Ferreira de; Martins,Rogério Parentoni.
The Gray-backed Tachuri (Polystictus superciliaris) is a Tyrannidae restricted to eastern Brazilian highlands. Its population and range are still thought to be declining mainly due to habitat loss, caused by land use. We evaluated the impacts on its range (increase or decrease, displacement in latitude and altitude), considering possible effects caused by inappropriate land use and climatic changes. For this purpose, we modeled its current range and estimated its overlap between the predicted area and future scenarios. We also analyzed the efficiency of the Brazilian reserves to the species’ protection. The range established by the Maxent model was 76.1% lower than that available in the literature and presented a decrease in the future. Range contraction...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Evaluation reserve efficiency; Espinhaço range; Species distribution model.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032015000200102

Coastal vulnerability to sea level rise in the southwestern Colombian Caribbean
Provedor de dados: Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (INVEMAR)
Autores: García Echavarría,Luz Marleny; Alcántara-Carrió,Javier; Jaramillo Vélez,Alfredo.
ABSTRACT One of the concerns about climate change is the rise in sea level, which is associated with an increase in coastal erosion, saline intrusion in estuaries and the risk of flooding. These changes make it necessary to evaluate the coastal susceptibility and its adaptation capacity facing with this phenomenon. The Coastal Vulnerability Index made up of the variables geomorphology, slope, rate of change of coastline, significant wave height, rate of change of relative sea level and mean tidal range, seeks to locally estimate vulnerability. This work focused on determining the Vulnerability in the coastline of the sectors Volcán de Lodo, Río Hobo, Zapata and Punta Las Vacas through the use of aerial photographs, satellite images, in situ data and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Susceptibility; Climate change; Sea level rise; Coastal erosion.
Ano: 2022
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0122-97612022000200009

Study of the Lange Glacier and its impact due to temperature increase in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica
Provedor de dados: Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (INVEMAR)
Autores: Mojica-Moncada,Diego F.; Cárdenas,Carlos; Mojica-Moncada,Jhon F.; Brondi,Fabian; Barragán-Barrera,Dalia C.; Marangunic,Cedomir; Holland,David; Franco Herrera,Andrés; Casassa,Gino.
ABSTRACT In the western Antarctic Peninsula one of the areas the highest warming in the southern hemisphere has been identified. To characterize this tendency, we selected the Lange Glacier (LG) on King George Island, to evaluate: 1) LG surface temperature and dynamics using stakes with temperature data loggers; 2) LG submerged thickness and sea parameters through bathymetry (BT) and 29 CTD stations in front of LG; 3) glacier front (GF) using BT and a Digital Elevation Model (DEM); 4) change in GF position using DEM and historical data of GF width; 5) Calving flux (QC). Our findings showed 85 % of temperatures were above the 0 °C melting point (mean = 5.0 ± 5.2 °C). The stakes had an average ice loss of 9.3 ± 1.3 cm. The LG mean dynamics was 8.8 ± 1.5 m...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lange Glacier; Melting; Climate change; Calving flux; Antarctica.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0122-97612021000300059

The modified Mann-Kendall test: on the performance of three variance correction approaches
Provedor de dados: Bragantia
Autores: Blain,Gabriel Constantino.
The Mann-Kendall test has been used to detect climate trends in several parts of the Globe. Three variance correction approaches (MKD, MKDD and MKRD) have been proposed to remove the influence of serial correlation on this trend test. Thus, the main goal of this study was to evaluate the probability of occurrence of types I and II errors associated with these three approaches. The results obtained by means of Monte Carlo simulations and from a case of study allowed us to drawn the following conclusions: All approaches are capable of meeting the adopted significant level when they are applied to trend-free uncorrelated series. The approaches are as powerful as the original MK test when they are applied to uncorrelated series. Regarding serially correlated...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Monte Carlo simulations; Serial correlation; Climate change.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052013000400014

Using climate change models to assess the probability of weather extremes events: a local scale study based on the generalized extreme value distribution
Provedor de dados: Bragantia
Autores: Fontolan,Mariana; Xavier,Ana Carolina Freitas; Pereira,Heloisa Ramos; Blain,Gabriel Constantino.
ABSTRACT Regional climate models (e.g. Eta) nested to global climate models (e.g. HadGEM2-ES and MIROC5) have been used to assess potential impacts of climate change at regional scales. This study used the generalized extreme value distribution (GEV) to evaluate the ability of two nested models (Eta-HadGEM2-ES and Eta-MIROC5) to assess the probability of daily extremes of air temperature and precipitation in the location of Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Within a control run (1961-2005), correction factors based on the GEV parameters have been proposed to approach the distributions generated from the models to those built from the weather station of Campinas. Both models were also used to estimate the probability of daily extremes of air temperature...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Local impacts; Eta model; Nested models.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052019000100146

Sensitivity of the sorghum yield to individual changes in climate parameters: modelling based approach
Provedor de dados: Bragantia
Autores: Grossi,Marine Cirino; Justino,Flávio; Rodrigues,Rafael de Ávila; Andrade,Camilo Lelis Teixeira.
Based on sensitivity analyses the effect of changing in climate on sorghum has been investigated. This has been achieved by conducting crop modeling experiments carried out with weather observations and output of global climate models. As can be anticipated results demonstrated that the sorghum yield is more sensitive to rainfall, solar radiation and CO2 concentration. However, the increase in CO2 concentration has a positive effect on yield in years that the crop is submitted to water stress. This effect is extremely reduced under well watered conditions and therefore is subject to the climate inter-annual variability. Accumulated solar radiation along the sorghum cycle below 1900 MJ m–2 has also been shown to reduce the yield. Compared to other weather...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Crop models; Sensitivity analyses; CO2 concentration; Productivity.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052015000300341

Ecophysiology of tea
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology
Autores: De Costa,W.A. Janendra M.; Mohotti,A. Janaki; Wijeratne,Madawala A.
Tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] is one of the most important beverage crops in the world. The major tea-growing regions of the world are South-East Asia and Eastern Africa where it is grown across a wide range of altitudes up to 2200 m a.s.l.. This paper reviews the key physiological processes responsible for yield determination of tea and discusses how these processes are influenced by genotypic and environmental factors. Yield formation of tea is discussed in terms of assimilate supply through photosynthesis and formation of harvestable sinks (i.e. shoots). The photosynthetic apparatus and partial processes (i.e. light capture, electron transport and carboxylation) of tea show specific adaptations to shade. Consequently, maximum light-saturated...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Photoinhibition; Photosynthesis; Shoot growth; Temperature; Vapour pressure deficit; Water potential.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202007000400005

Seasonal variation in the maximum rate of leaf gas exchange of canopy and understory tree species in an Amazonian semi-deciduous forest
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology
Autores: Sendall,Kerrie M.; Vourlitis,George L.; Lobo,Francisco A.
Leaf gas exchange, water potential, and specific leaf area of two tropical semi-deciduous tree species, Brosimum lactescens S. Moore and Tovomita schomburgkii Planch &amp;amp; Triana, were quantified to establish how these properties were affected by seasonal variations in rainfall and leaf canopy position. The study was conducted at a site near Sinop Mato Grosso, Brazil, which is located within the ecotone of savanna and tropical rain forest. Both species exhibited significant declines in leaf water potential (ΨL), specific leaf area, area- and mass-based light saturated photosynthesis and dark respiration, and maximum stomatal conductance during the dry-season, suggesting that leaf structural properties and gas exchange are significantly altered by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Brosimum lactescens; Climate change; Ecotone; Photosynthetic response; Tovomita schomburgkii; Tropical transitional forest.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202009000100008

A Ricardian Analysis of the Impact of Climate Change on South American Farms
Provedor de dados: Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research
Autores: Niggol Seo,S; Mendelsohn,Robert.
This study estimates the impact of climate change on South American agriculture taking into account farm adaptations. The study used a Ricardian analysis of 2300 farms to explore the effects of global warming on land values. In order to predict climate change impacts for this century, were examined climate change scenarios predicted by three Atmospheric Oceanic General Circulation Models (AOGCM): the Canadian Climate Center (CCC), the Centre for Climate System Research (CCSR), and the Parallel Climate Model (PCM) models. Several econometric specifications were tested, and five separate regressions were run: for all farms, small household farms, large commercial farms, rainfed farms, and irrigated farms. Farmland values will decrease as temperature...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Agriculture; Ricardian approach; South America.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392008000100007

Evaluation of the Impact of Climatic Change on the Economic Value of Land in Agricultural Systems in Chile
Provedor de dados: Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research
Autores: González U,Jorge ; Velasco H,Roberto .
Climatic change will affect crop yields and management. By the year 2050, the mean temperature could increase by 1.5 ºC; and by the year 2100 between 1.0 to 3.5 ºC. There are few studies on this subject in Chile. At the international level, estimated climatic changes in temperate and tropical zones could negatively affect wheat (Triticum vulgare L.) and corn (Zea mays L.) production, as examples. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between agricultural systems and climatic change by using the Ricardian Method. Specific objectives were to evaluate and quantify the relationship of climatic variables (precipitation and temperature) with economic variables under several realities of farms, to simulate the impact of scenarios of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Ricardian method; Land productivity; Land value; Policy of adaptation.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392008000100006

Biological vulnerability in the Elqui Valley (Coquimbo Region, Chile) to economically important arthropods
Provedor de dados: Ciencia e Investigación Agraria, Revista Latinoamericana en Ciencias de la Agricultura
Autores: Pizarro-Araya,Jaime; Cepeda-Pizarro,Jorge; Barriga,Juan E; Bodini,Andrés.
Current climate conditions in north-central Chile (25057'-32013'S,71043'-68°16'W)are characterized by increasing temperatures and decreasing rainfall. Global warming is expected to alter the hydrology and ecoclimatic characteristics of north-central basins with multiple effects, including changes in plant and arthropod phenology and biodiversity. Among these basins, the Elqui Valley (29°50'S, 70°52'W) stands out for its large population and the economic importance of tourism and agriculture. The taxonomic composition of agriculturally and medically important arthropods was studied in three locations in the Elqui Valley by manual capture of specimens and interviews with farmers, agricultural workers, and local leaders. Out of a total of 145 species of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Arthropods; Climate change; Agricultural cropland; Rangeland; Elqui Valley; Arid zones.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200006

Pithecellobium dulce, Tagetes erecta and Cosmos bipinnatus on reducing enteric methane emission by dairy cows
Provedor de dados: Ciência Rural
Autores: Pineda,Gloria Stefanny Hernández; Beltrán,Paulina Elizabeth Pedraza; Benaouda,Mohammed; García,José Manuel Palma; Nova,Francisca Avilés; Molina,Luisa; Ortega,Octavio Alonso Castelán.
ABSTRACT: The aim of the present research was to evaluate the effect of Pithecellobium dulce, Tagetes erecta and Cosmos bipinnatus on methane emission, milk yield and dry matter intake in dairy cattle. A 4×4 Latin square experimental design was employed, using four multiparous Holstein cows of 553±72.4kg body weight, at mid lactation and average milk yield of 17.3±3kg/day. The experiment lasted 92 days, divided into four experimental periods of 23 days each. All cows had free access to maize and alfalfa silage in a 50:50 proportion, 4kg of concentrate/day and ad libitum access to water. Treatments consisted in supplementation of 0.5kg/day of the experimental plants, with one control treatment without supplementation. Each cow received one of each treatment...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Methane; Cattle; Climate change; Mitigation; Tannins.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018001000650

Spatial distribution of the litter carbon stock in the Cerrado biome in Minas Gerais state, Brazil
Provedor de dados: Ciência e Agrotecnologia
Autores: Morais,Vinícus Augusto; Mello,José Marcio de; Mello,Carlos Rogério de; Silva,Carlos Alberto; Scolforo,José Roberto Soares.
ABSTRACT Litter corresponds to the layer of decomposing dead organic matter present on the soil surface. This layer is very important for nutrient cycling and contributes with organic matter accumulation in the soil, besides the carbon stock. The objective herein was to quantify the carbon biomass, both content and stock, and map the litter C-stock in the Cerrado biome, which is formed by Savanna Grassland (SG), Cerrado Stricto Sensu (CE) and Forest Savanna (FS), in Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil. The data were collected in 26 fragments in Minas Gerais state, totaling 210 sampling locations. A variographic study was conducted and, for mapping, the ordinary kriging method was used for delimitation of homogeneous zones. It was possible to detect...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Kriging; Mapping procedures; Accumulated biomass.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-70542017000500580