Consulta: subjectFacets:"Coastal"
Registros recuperados: 16
Data/hora: 05/06/2024 03:03:26

The &amp;#8220;social&amp;#8221; aspect of social-ecological systems: a critique of analytical frameworks and findings from a multisite study of coastal sustainability
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Stojanovic, Tim; University of St Andrews; tas21@st-andrews.ac.uk; McNae, Hilda M.; University of St Andrews; hilda.mcnae@st-andrews.ac.uk; Tett, Paul; Scottish Association for Marine Science; paul.tett@sams.ac.uk; Potts, Tavis W.; University of Aberdeen, School of Geosciences; Tavis.Potts@abdn.ac.uk; Reis, J; Cardiff University; reisj@cardiff.ac.uk; Smith, Hance D.; Cardiff University; SmithHD@cardiff.ac.uk; Dillingham, Iain; University of St Andrews; iain@dillingham.me.uk.
We evaluate whether society can adequately be conceptualized as a component of social-ecological systems, given social theory and the current outputs of systems-based research.  A mounting critique from the social sciences posits that resilience theory has undertheorized social entities with the concept of social-ecological systems.  We trace the way that use of the term has evolved, relating to social science theory.  Scientometic and network analysis provide a wide range of empirical data about the origin, growth, and use of this term in academic literature.  A content analysis of papers in Ecology and Society demonstrates a marked emphasis in research on institutions, economic incentives, land use, population, social networks, and social learning....
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Coastal; Scientometric analysis; Social-ecological; Social-ecological systems; Social science; Socio-ecological.
Ano: 2016

SEASTAR: A Mission to Study Ocean Submesoscale Dynamics and Small-Scale Atmosphere-Ocean Processes in Coastal, Shelf and Polar Seas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gommenginger, Christine; Chapron, Bertrand; Hogg, Andy; Buckingham, Christian; Fox-kemper, Baylor; Eriksson, Leif; Soulat, Francois; Ubelmann, Clément; Ocampo-torres, Francisco; Nardelli, Bruno Buongiorno; Griffin, David; Lopez-dekker, Paco; Knudsen, Per; Andersen, Ole; Stenseng, Lars; Stapleton, Neil; Perrie, William; Violante-carvalho, Nelson; Schulz-stellenfleth, Johannes; Woolf, David; Isern-fontanet, Jordi; Ardhuin, Fabrice; Klein, Patrice; Mouche, Alexis; Pascual, Ananda; Capet, Xavier; Hauser, Daniele; Stoffelen, Ad; Morrow, Rosemary; Aouf, Lotfi; Breivik, Øyvind; Fu, Lee-lueng; Johannessen, Johnny A.; Aksenov, Yevgeny; Bricheno, Lucy; Hirschi, Joel; Martin, Adrien Ch; Martin, Adiran P; Nurser, George; Polton, Jeff; Wolf, Judith; Johnsen, Harald; Soloviev, Alexander; Jacobs, Gregg A.; Collard, Fabrice; Groom, Steve; Kudryavtsev, Vladimir; Wilkin, John; Navarro, Victor; Babanin, Alex; Martin, Matthew; Siddorn, John; Saulter, Andrew; Rippeth, Tom; Emery, Bill; Maximenko, Nikolai; Romeiser, Roland; Graber, Hans; Azcarate, Aida Alvera; Hughes, Chris W.; Vandemark, Doug; Silva, Jose Da; Leeuwen, Peter Jan Van; Naveira-garabato, Alberto; Gemmrich, Johannes; Mahadevan, Amala; Marquez, Jose; Munro, Yvonne; Doody, Sam; Burbidge, Geoff.
High-resolution satellite images of ocean color and sea surface temperature reveal an abundance of ocean fronts, vortices and filaments at scales below 10 km but measurements of ocean surface dynamics at these scales are rare. There is increasing recognition of the role played by small scale ocean processes in ocean-atmosphere coupling, upper-ocean mixing and ocean vertical transports, with advanced numerical models and in situ observations highlighting fundamental changes in dynamics when scales reach 1 km. Numerous scientific publications highlight the global impact of small oceanic scales on marine ecosystems, operational forecasts and long-term climate projections through strong ageostrophic circulations, large vertical ocean velocities and mixed layer...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Satellite; Air sea interactions; Upper ocean dynamics; Submesoscale; Coastal; Marginal ice zone; Radar; Along-track interferometry.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00510/62121/66325.pdf

Practical application of the Ecosystem Service Approach (ESA): lessons learned and recommendations for the future
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Beaumont, Nicola J; Mongruel, Remi; Hooper, Tara.
An Ecosystem Service Approach (ESA) is increasingly advocated for use in both environmental management and academic applications. However, despite extensive conceptual development, there are still very few examples of the effective use of the ESA for operational management. This contribution reports on the field application of the ESA at six marine and coastal case study sites. Each case study demonstrates a variation on an interdisciplinary approach to translate complex natural science data into ecosystem service terminology, and then explores the usefulness of this information in a management context. From these experiences 6 key recommendations are made to aid the future application of the ESA: (1) Invest resources in collective planning of ESA; (2)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Management; Coastal; Valuation; Uncertainty; Recommendation.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00420/53130/54088.pdf

Is the choice of conservation measures influenced by the targeted natural habitats? The case of French coastal Natura 2000 sites
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Duhalde, Michel; Levrel, Harold; Guyader, Olivier.
Natura 2000 (N2K) is a European network of protected areas that has grown out of the implementation of the Birds Directive (1979) and the Habitats Directive (1992). To date, the literature focussing on “conservation measures” required by the directives has been scarce. This article contributes to a better understanding of associated practices with regard to these measures in the case of France. We put forward a quantitative approach based on 1378 “action-sheets” randomly extracted from 113 management documents of French Natura 2000 coastal sites. These action-sheets are considered to be the physical embodiment of the notion of the conservation measure itself. The analysis concentrates on the “type” of the proposed measures, expressed in terms of a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Natura 2000; Conservation measures; Policy instruments; Coastal; Statistical analysis.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00378/48972/49760.pdf

Projet SINP - Synthèse des indicateurs institutionnels de biodiversité marine et côtière
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fossat, Julia; Pelletier, Dominique; Levrel, Harold.
Le gouvernement français s’est engagé à travers différentes conventions et textes institutionnels à stopper d’ici 2010 la perte de la biodiversité. Pour atteindre cet objectif, le Ministère de l’Ecologie, de l’Energie, du Développement Durable et de la Mer (MEEDDM) a mis en place le Système d’Information sur la Nature et les Paysages (SINP), afin de rassembler et structurer l’information sur le patrimoine naturel et la biodiversité. Le volet marin de ce système, le SINP mer, a également pour vocation de valoriser ces informations, soit de présenter des indicateurs permettant de répondre aux enjeux de conservation de la biodiversité marine à partir des données contenues dans le système. Ce document présente la première phase de travail sur les indicateurs...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biodiversité; Diversité biologique; Diversité écosystémique; Diversité spécifique; Indicateur; Marin; Côtier; Cadre institutionnel; Convention; Système d’information; Biodiversity; Biological diversity; Ecosystem diversity; Species diversity; Indicator; Marin; Coastal; Institutional framework; Convention; Information system.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00083/19471/17084.pdf

Addressing critical limitations of oyster (   Ostrea edulis   ) restoration: Identification of nature‐based substrates for hatchery production and recruitment in the field
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Colsoul, Bérenger; Pouvreau, Stephane; Di Poi, Carole; Pouil, Simon; Merk, Verena; Peter, Corina; Boersma, Maarten; Pogoda, Bernadette.
The European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) is an ecosystem engineer that provides important biogenic reef habitat with associated ecosystem functions and services. Most stocks have been commercially exploited and degraded; some are functionally extinct. Ecological restoration now aims to recover these degraded, damaged or destroyed ecosystems. Availability of seed oysters and substrate for successful larval recruitment has been identified as a major limiting factor for restoration projects in Europe. In substrate‐limited areas, restoration approaches have to involve the restoration of suitable substrates. The present study provides an evaluation of such potential substrate types. Various categories were investigated through hatchery and/or field experiments:...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coastal; Invertebrates; Restoration; Settlement; Substrates.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00658/77058/78357.pdf

Towards a better assessment of the ecological status of coastal waters using satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentrations
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gohin, Francis; Saulquin, Bertrand; Oger-jeanneret, Helene; Lozac' H, L; Lampert, Luis; Lefebvre, Alain; Riou, Philippe; Bruchon, F.
The application of the new Water Framework Directive (WFD) of the European Union will require a dense and frequent monitoring of chlorophyll-a near the coast. Not counting the transitional water bodies located in the vicinity of estuaries, not less than seventy four coastal water bodies have to be monitored along the coast of the French Atlantic continental shelf and the English Channel. All the available data have to be gathered to implement a comprehensive monitoring scheme. To this purpose, we evaluate the capacity of ocean colour imagery to complete the conventional in situ data set collected in coastal networks. Satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentration is obtained by the application of a coastal Look-Up-Table to water-leaving radiance of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: SeaWiFS; Coastal; Surveillance; Monitoring; Chlorophyll; Satellite.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4501.pdf

Connecting MPAs - eight challenges for science and management
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lagabrielle, Erwann; Crochelet, Estelle; Andrello, Marco; Schill, Steven R.; Arnaud-haond, Sophie; Alloncle, Neil; Ponge, Benjamin.
Connectivity is a crucial process underpinning the persistence, recovery, and productivity of marine ecosystems. The Convention on Biological Diversity, through the Aichi Target 11, has set the ambitious objective of implementing a ‘well connected system of protected areas’ by 2020. This paper identifies eight challenges toward the integration of connectivity into MPA network management and planning. A summary table lists the main recommendations in terms of method, tool, advice, or action to address each of these challenges. Authors belong to a science–management continuum including researchers, international NGO officers, and national MPA agency members. Three knowledge challenges are addressed: selecting and integrating connectivity measurement metrics;...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ocean; Coastal; Conservation evaluation; Marine protected areas; Spatial modelling; Fishing.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00226/33742/33891.pdf

Stable isotope ratios in bentho-demersal biota along a depth gradient in the bay of biscay: A multitrophic study
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Schaal, Gauthier; Nerot, Caroline; Grall, Jacques; Chouvelon, Tiphaine; Lorrain, Anne; Mortillaro, Jean-michel; Savoye, Nicolas; Brind'Amour, Anik; Paulet, Yves-marie; Le Bris, Herve.
Although stable isotope ratios are increasingly used to investigate the trophic ecology of marine organisms, their spatial variations are still poorly understood in the coastal environment. In this study, we measured the stable isotope composition (δ13C, δ15N) of suspended particulate organic matter (SPOM) (primary producer), a suspension feeder, the great scallop Pecten maximus (primary consumer), megabenthic decapods and benthic fishes (secondary consumers) along a depth gradient (from 5m to 155m depth) across the continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay. Although the three trophic levels exhibited similar δ13C patterns along the gradient, the δ15N patterns varied between SPOM, scallops and carnivores. The δ15N difference between SPOM and scallops...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Trophic; Coastal; Bivalves; Food web; Bay of Biscay.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00288/39921/38481.pdf

Modèle tridimensionnel de circulation et de dispersion en zone côtière à marée. Premiers essais : cas schématique et baie de Seine
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Thouvenin, Benedicte; Salomon, Jean-claude.
In order to reproduce and investigate the marine circulation in the coastal tidal zone, and especially its three dimensional nature, it appeared interesting to develop a numerical mode! which could take account of the real bottom topography and the variations of the free surface. Navier-Stokes equations are solved in a straight forward manner, generalizing a finite difference technique already used in two-dimensional vertical models. To test the computational program, the mode! was applied to a number of flat bottom schematic basins, where we reproduced wind driven currents and tide propagation. Then we considered the particular case of a real channel and, finally, density currents associated with a salty wall. Mode) results are compared to theoretical...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modèle; Courant; Tridimensionnel; Seine; Côtier; Model; Current; Three-dimensional; Seine; Coastal.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00113/22440/20127.pdf

Deployment of new observing systems within the JERICO-RI
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Puillat, Ingrid; Carlier, Antoine; Facq, Jean-valery; Rubio, Anna; Lazure, Pascal; Delauney, Laurent; Petihakis, George; Karlson, Bengt; Artigas, Felipe; Farcy, Patrick.
A key message of the JERICO-RI consortium (2014): “The complexity of the coastal ocean cannot be well understood if interconnection between physics, biogeochemistry and biology is not guaranteed. Such integration requires new technological developments allowing continuous monitoring of a larger set of parameters”. In agreement with this consideration, several new observing systems are developed, tested and deployed in the framework of the JERICO-NEXT H2020 project, amongst which a few of them will be presented as well as some preliminary results after the first deployments. Focus will be given on coastal transports and hydrology and on benthic biodiversity. In the first case, we will present a low cost 2D moored system dedicated to acquire vertical...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: JERICO; JERICO-NEXT; Coastal; Ocean Observing System (OOS); Harmonization.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00437/54866/56359.pdf

Overview of eutrophication indicators to assess environmental status within the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ferreira, Joao G.; Andersen, Jesper H.; Borja, Angel; Bricker, Suzanne B.; Camp, Jordi; Da Silva, Margarida Cardoso; Garces, Esther; Heiskanen, Anna-stiina; Humborg, Christoph; Ignatiades, Lydia; Lancelot, Christiane; Menesguen, Alain; Tett, Paul; Hoepffner, Nicolas; Claussen, Ulrich.
In 2009, following approval of the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD, 2008/56/EC), the European Commission (EC) created task groups to develop guidance for eleven quality descriptors that form the basis for evaluating ecosystem function. The objective was to provide European countries with practical guidelines for implementing the MSFD, and to produce a Commission Decision that encapsulated key points of the work in a legal framework. This paper presents a review of work carried out by the eutrophication task group, and reports our main findings to the scientific community. On the basis of an operational, management-oriented definition, we discuss the main methodologies that could be used for coastal and marine eutrophication assessment....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Eutrophication; Chlorophyll; Dissolved oxygen; Harmful algae; Marine; Coastal; Assessment methods; Europe; Marine Strategy Framework Directive; Water Framework Directive.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00039/15055/12609.pdf

Model-Observations Synergy in the Coastal Ocean
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: De Mey-frémaux, Pierre; Ayoub, Nadia; Barth, Alexander; Brewin, Robert; Charria, Guillaume; Campuzano, Francisco; Ciavatta, Stefano; Cirano, Mauro; Edwards, Christopher A.; Federico, Ivan; Gao, Shan; Garcia Hermosa, Isabel; Garcia Sotillo, Marcos; Hewitt, Helene; Hole, Lars Robert; Holt, Jason; King, Robert; Kourafalou, Villy; Lu, Youyu; Mourre, Baptiste; Pascual, Ananda; Staneva, Joanna; Stanev, Emil V.; Wang, Hui; Zhu, Xueming.
Integration of observations of the coastal ocean continuum, from regional oceans to shelf seas and estuaries/deltas with models, can substantially increase the value of observations and enable a wealth of applications. In particular, models can play a critical role at connecting sparse observations, synthesizing them, and assisting the design of observational networks; in turn, whenever available, observations can guide coastal model development. Coastal observations should sample the two-way interactions between nearshore, estuarine and shelf processes and open ocean processes, while accounting for the different pace of circulation drivers, such as the fast atmospheric, hydrological and tidal processes and the slower general ocean circulation and climate...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coastal; Ocean; Observations; Models; Synergy; Synthesis; Assimilation; Array design.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00508/61961/66050.pdf

PCB concentrations in plankton size classes, a temporal study in Marseille Bay, Western Mediterranean Sea
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tiano, Marion; Tronczynski, Jacek; Harmelin-vivien, Mireille; Tixier, Celine; Carlotti, Francois.
PCB levels in plankton were investigated in the Bay of Marseille, Western Mediterranean Sea, between September 2010 and October 2011. Concentrations of PCB congeners (CB 18, CB 52, CB 101, CB 118, CB 138, CB 153, CB 180) were determined in three plankton size-classes (60–200, 200–500 and 500–1000 μm) together with different parameters: chlorophyll content, plankton dry-weight biomass, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios and plankton-community structure. The ∑PCB7 concentrations ranged between 14.2 and 88.1 ng g−1 d.w., for all size classes and all sampling periods. The results do not show the biomass dilution effect and indicate moderate but significant biomagnification with plankton trophic position estimated by δ15N signatures. Equilibrium with...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: PCBs; Phytoplankton; Zooplankton; Bioaccumulation; Coastal; Bay of Marseille.
Ano: 2014
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00218/32881/31371.pdf

Global data products help assess changes to ocean carbon sink
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bakker, Dorothee C. E.; Pfeil, Benjamin; Olsen, Are; Sabine, Christopher L.; Metzl, Nicolas; Hankin, Steven; Koyuk, Heather; Kozyr, Alex; Malczyk, Jeremy; Manke, Ansley; Telszewski, Maciej.
Net oceanic uptake of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) reduces global warming but also leads to ocean acidification [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2007]. Understanding and predicting changes in the ocean carbon sink are critical to assessments of future climate change. Surface water CO2 measurements suggest large year-to-year variations in oceanic CO2 uptake for several regions [Doney et al., 2009]. However, there is much debate on whether these changes are cyclical or indicative of long-term trends. Sustained, globally coordinated observations of the surface ocean carbon cycle and systematic handling of such data are essential for assessing variation and trends in regional and global ocean carbon uptake, information necessary...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Ocean; Coastal; Synthesis.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00140/25162/23290.pdf

Aérosols côtiers dans le nord de la Manche
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Flament, P; Lepretre, A; Noel, S; Auger, Y.
Dix-huit prélèvements d'aérosols ont été effectués en Manche Nord, soit en bordure de mer, soit à quelques milles au large, à l'aide d'un impacteur à cascade (5 étages). L'ensemble des données (concentrations de 8 éléments répartis en 6 classes granulométriques successives) est exploité par analyse factorielle des correspondances. Celle-ci permet de mettre en évidence de larges déformations dans les spectres granulométriques pour les éléments traceurs marin et terrestre (Na et Al). En opposition, les métaux résultant d'activité anthropique (Fe, Pb, Zn, Mn), ont des comportements beaucoup plus typés. Parmi ceux-ci, la présence du manganèse sur le site paraît être indépendante de celle des autres métaux et imputable à une seule source. Pb, Fe, Zn et cuivre...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aérosols; Éléments-traces; Analyse par correspondance; Distribution granulométrique; Littoral; Aerosols; Trace elements; Correspondence analysis; Size distribution; Coastal.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00110/22082/19723.pdf