Consulta: subjectFacets:"Corruption"
Registros recuperados: 20
Data/hora: 13/06/2024 01:08:25

Decálogo del ambientalismo estéril
Provedor de dados: Ecología Austral
Autores: Fernández,Roberto J.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Buenas prácticas; Capital social; Catastrofismo; Cientificismo; Corrupción; Ecologismo; Globalización; Multidisciplinariedad; Tecnocracia; Tragedia de los comunes; Best practices; Corruption; Crying wolf; Globalization; Multidisciplinarity; Policy; Scientism; Technocracy; Tragedy of the commons; Social capital.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1667-782X2014000300012

BUREAUCRATIC CORRUPTION AND MASS MEDIA
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Suphachalasai,   Suphachol.
This paper investigates the relationship between a bureaucracy and mass media industry, and its implications to corruption. We develop a bureaucratic model of corruption with mass media. A representative profit maximizing media firm seeks for corruption news to be printed and sold. Channels through which competition in media industry and press freedom affect equilibrium corruption in a bureaucracy are modeled.  Different degrees of media freedom and competition affect production and employment decisions of media firms, and this in turn affects the effectiveness of media in monitoring corruption. Competition and freedom in media sector also have an influence on bureaucratic structure and consequently on equilibrium corruption. We find that the degree of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Bureaucracy; Mass Media; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31929

Trust in International Organizations: An Empirical Investigation Focusing on the United Nations
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Torgler,   Benno.
The literature on social capital has strongly increased in the last two decades, but there still is a lack of substantial empirical evidence about the determinants of international trust. This empirical study analyses a cross-section of individuals, using micro-data from the World Values Survey, covering 38 countries, to investigate trust in international organizations, specifically in the United Nations. In line with previous studies on international trust we find that political trust matters. We also find that social trust is relevant, but contrary to previous studies the results are less robust. Moreover, the paper goes beyond previous studies investigating also the impact of geographic identification, corruption and globalization. We find that a higher...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Organizations; United Nations; International Trust; Political Trust; Social Trust; Corruption; Globalization; Labor and Human Capital; Z130; D730; O190.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9331

Corruption, Income Inequality, and Poverty in the United States
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Dincer,   Oguzhan C.; Gunalp,   Burak.
In this study we analyze the effects of corruption on income inequality and poverty. Our analysis advances the existing literature in four ways. First, instead of using corruption indices assembled by various investment risk services, we use an objective measure of corruption: the number of public officials convicted in a state for crimes related to corruption. Second, we use all commonly used inequality and poverty measures including various Atkinson indexes, Gini index, standard deviation of the logarithms, relative mean deviation, coefficient of variation, and the poverty rate defined by the U.S. Census Bureau. Third, we minimize the problems which are likely to arise due to data incomparability by examining the differences in income inequality, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Income Inequality; Poverty; D31; D73; I32.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37848

Linking Forests and Economic Well-Being: A Four-Quadrant Approach
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wang,   Sen; DesRoches,   C. Tyler; Sun,   Lili; Stennes,   Brad; Wilson,   Bill; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
This paper has three main objectives: (1) to investigate whether the four-quadrant approach introduced by Maini (2003) reveals a useful typology for grouping countries by GDP and forest cover per capita, (2) to determine if the framework can enhance our understanding of the relationship between forest cover and GDP per capita, and (3) to investigate why countries in the four-quadrant world occupy different quadrants, and to determine the principal factors affecting country-movement across and within the individual quadrants. The examination reveals that countries can be classified into four broad categories, and that GDP and forest cover per capita have a low but consistent level of negative association. After regressing economic, institutional, social...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic well-being; Forest cover; Institutions; Corruption; Education; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; G00; I20; Q23.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37036

Corruption and Social Interaction: Evidence from China
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Dong,   Bing; Torgler,   Benno.
We explore theoretically and empirically whether social interaction, including local and global interaction, influences the incidence of corruption. We first present an interaction-based model on corruption that predicts that the level of corruption is positively associated with social interaction. Then we empirically verify the theoretical prediction using within-country evidence at the province-level in China during 1998 to 2007. Panel data evidence clearly indicates that social interaction has a statistically significantly positive effect on the corruption rate in China. Our findings, therefore, underscore the relevance of social interaction in understanding corruption.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Social Interaction; China; Political Economy; K420; D720; D640; O170; J240.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99686

Institutions and Forest Management: A Case Study from Swat, Pakistan
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Gideon,   Kruseman; Lorenzo,   Pellegrini.
Deforestation in the North western part of Pakistan is a long standing problem. The Forestry Department, as formal managers of the forest resources, has been undergoing a long reform process aimed at improving its performance. This reform process has not resulted in less deforestation. From the policy perspective this has been leading to stated intentions to further reform the Forestry Department, the question is whether organizational reform is the answer. We think there are more limiting bottlenecks to sustainable forest management in Pakistan. De facto property rights are not as simple as denoted by statutory law. In this article we explore the mechanisms behind the deforestation and try to uncover mechanisms to reverse the process. Although our...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: New institutional Economics; Corruption; Forestry; Swat; Q23; Q58.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37669

Looking Beyond the Incumbent: The Effects of Exposing Corruption on Electoral Outcomes
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Chong,   Alberto E.; De La O,   Ana; Karlan,   Dean S.; Wantchekon,   Leonard.
Does information about rampant political corruption increase electoral participation and the support for challenger parties? Democratic theory assumes that offering more information to voters will enhance electoral accountability. However, if there is consistent evidence suggesting that voters punish corrupt incumbents, it is unclear whether this translates into increased support for challengers and higher political participation. We provide experimental evidence that information about copious corruption not only decreases incumbent support in local elections in Mexico, but also decreases voter turnout, challengers' votes, and erodes voters' identifcation with the party of the corrupt incumbent. Our results suggest that while flows of information are...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Accountability; Elections; Voting; Information; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; Public Economics; D72; D73; D82; D83.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121640

Democracy, Property Rights, Income Equality, and Corruption
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Dong,   Bin; Torgler,   Benno.
This paper presents theoretical and empirical evidence on the nexus between corruption and democracy. We establish a political economy model where the effect of democracy on corruption is conditional on income distribution and property rights protection. Our empirical analysis with cross-national panel data provides evidence that is consistent with the theoretical prediction. Moreover, the effect of democratization on corruption depends on the protection of property rights and income equality which shows that corruption is a nonlinear function of these variables. The results indicate that democracy will work better as a control of corruption if the property rights system works and there is a low level of income inequality. On the other hand if property...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Democracy; Income inequality; Property rights; Political Economy; D73; H11; P16.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99685

Corruption and Environmental Policy: An Alternative Perspective
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lapatinas,   Athanasios; Litina,   Anastasia; Sartzetakis,   Eftichios S.
We construct an overlapping generations model in which agents live through two periods; childhood and adulthood. Each agent makes choices only as an adult, based on her utility that depends on her own consumption and the human capital and environmental quality endowed to her offspring. Entering adulthood, agents choose randomly between two occupations: citizens and politicians. Citizens are the only producers of a single good and choose the proportion of their income to declare to the tax authorities. Politicians decide upon the allocation of the tax revenue between environmental protection and education activities, taking as given the rates of peculation in each activity. In this context, two self-fulfilling stable equilibria can emerge, one associated...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Environmental Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; H2; H26; H3; Q56; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101377

Corruption, Black Markets, and the Fiscal Problem in LDC's: Some Recent Findings
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: McLaren,   John.
The fiscal difficulties of LDC’s, and the important role for evasion as a part of them, are well-known. Drawing on the rich literature on tax evasion in the public finance literature, much recent research has shed light on two phenomena contributing to this problem: Fiscal corruption and evasion through illegal transactions. This note surveys some of this recent research.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Smuggling; Corruption; Tax evasion; Financial Economics.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28507

The Causes of Corruption: Evidence from China
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Dong,   Bin; Torgler,   Benno.
In this study we explore in detail the causes of corruption in China using two different sets of data at the regional level (provinces and cities). We observe that regions with more anti-corruption efforts, histories of British rule, higher openness, more access to media and relatively higher wages of government employees are markedly less corrupt; while social heterogeneity, regulation, abundance of resource and state-owned enterprises substantially breed regional corruption. Moreover, fiscal decentralization is discovered to depress corruption significantly, while administrative decentralization fosters local corruption. We also find that there is currently a positive relationship between corruption and economic development in China that is mainly driven...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; China; Government; Decentralization; Deterrence; Social Heterogeneity; Political Economy; D730; H110; K420.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91024

Corruption and economic growth in Lebanon
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Farida,   Moe; Ahmadi-Esfahani,   Fredoun Z.
This paper seeks to examine the impact of corruption on economic growth in Lebanon. Using a neoclassical model, we hypothesise that corruption reduces the country's standard of living as measured by real per capita GDP. We show that corruption deters growth indirectly through reducing the factor input productivity in a Cobb-Douglas production function. We provide empirical evidence suggesting that corruption increases inefficiencies in government expenditure and reduces investment and human capital productivity, leading to a negative impact on output. The implications of the analysis are explored.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Economic growth; Investment; Human capital; Government expenditure; Foreign aid; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6043

CORRUPTION AND OPENNESS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Neeman,   Zvika; Paserman,   Daniele; Simhon,   Avi.
We consider a neoclassical growth model with endogenous corruption.  Corruption and wealth, which are co-determined in equilibrium, are shown to be negatively correlated.  Richer countries tend to be less corrupt, and corrupt economies tend to be poorer.  This observation gives rise to the following puzzle: If poorer countries do indeed experience higher levels of corruption, and if indeed as suggested by a number of empirical studies corruption hampers growth, then how did rich countries, who were poor once, become rich?  Our answer is simple.  In the past, economies were mostly "closed" in the sense that it was difficult to transfer illicit money outside of the economy.  In contrast, today's economies are mostly open.  In the relatively closed economies...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Growth; Openness; International Development; F2; H0; O1; O4.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14977

Clean or “Dirty” Energy: Evidence on a Renewable Energy Resource Curse
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Gennaioli,   Caterina; Tavoni,   Massimo.
The aim of this paper is to provide an assessment of the potential for resource curse in the renewable energy sector. Taking a political economy approach, we analyze the link between public support schemes for renewable energy and the potential scope for rent seeking and corruption. The insights of a model of political influence by interest groups are tested empirically using a panel data of Italian provinces for the period 1990-2007. We find evidence that a curse exists in the case of wind energy, and specifically that: i) criminal association activity increased more in high-wind provinces and especially after the introduction of a more favourable public policy regime and, ii) the expansion of the wind energy sector has been driven by both the wind level...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Natural Resources Curse; Wind Energy; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D73; O13; P16.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115846

Corruption and Political Interest: Empirical Evidence at the Micro Level
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Torgler,   Benno; Dong,   Bin.
The topic of corruption has recently attracted a great deal of attention, yet there is still a lack of micro level empirical evidence regarding the determinants of corruption. Furthermore, the present literature has not investigated the effects of political interest on corruption despite the interesting potential of this link. We address these deficiencies by analyzing a cross-section of individuals, using the World Values Survey. We explore the determinants of corruption through two dependent variables (perceived corruption and the justifiability of corruption). The impact of political interest on corruption is explored through three different proxies, presenting empirical evidence at both the cross-country level and the within-country level. The results...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Political Interest; Social Norms; K420; D720; O170; J240.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36763

PRIMARY DETERMINANTS AND THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF CORRUPTION
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ortega,   David L.; Florax,   Raymond J.G.M.; Delbecq,   Benoit A.
This paper analyzes the spatial distribution of corruption and its primary economic and political determinants. Economic freedom and development are found to lower incidences of corruption.  Of notable significance, this study finds empirical evidence of a non-linear relationship between a country’s level of democracy and corruption. Extreme authoritarian regimes are found to have lower corruption levels than hybrid regimes, but past a certain threshold democracy inhibits corruption. More importantly the analysis in this paper finds that the economic and political actions of a country have a significant impact on corruption levels worldwide.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Spatial econometrics; Economic freedom; Political democracy; Political Economy; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C21; D73; H11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101395

The Rule of The Jungle in Pakistan: A Case Study on Corruption and Forest Management in Swat
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Pellegrini,   Lorenzo.
Corruption in the forest sector of Swat, Pakistan is impairing the sustainable management of forest. We analyze corruption in a case study setting against the backdrop of the reform options that are most often cited as possible solutions. As we highlight in this study, the ‘crime and punishment’ approach is not feasibly implemented if the overall institutional environment is weak. Since countrywide overhaul of corruption through sweeping reform programs, the other reform approach, is a difficult and lengthy task, there is a need for an alternative kind of reform. In the case of a corruption-ridden centralised forest management regime, institutional reform should move away from enforcement of existing institutions and promote communal management of natural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Forest management; Environmental policy; Institutional reform; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D73; Q24; Q57.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7439

Modelling Corruption in a Cobb-Douglas Production Function Framework
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Farida,   Moe; Ahmadi-Esfahani,   Fredoun Z.
In this paper, we extend the Solow growth model to include corruption as a determinant of the multifactor productivity using a Cobb-Douglas production function framework. In addition to the classical components of any growth model (output, labor, capital), we incorporate corruption as a determinant of government expenditure, investment and foreign aid. It is proposed that output and growth are influenced by the level of corruption. This model is to be tested empirically to trace the corruptive behaviour in Lebanon based on the available time series data.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Economic growth; Investment; Government expenditure; Foreign aid; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10400

The Consequences of Corruption: Evidences from China
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Dong,   Bin; Torgler,   Benno.
With complementary Chinese data sets and alternative corruption measures, we explore the consequences of corruption. Adopting a novel approach we provide evidence that corruption can have both, positive and negative effects, on economic development. The overall impact of corruption might be the balance of the two simultaneous effects within a specific institutional environment (“grease the wheels” and “sand the wheels”). Corruption is observed to considerably increase income inequality in China. We also find that corruption strongly reduces tax revenue. Looking at things from an expenditure point of view we observe that corruption significantly decreases government spending on education, R&amp;D and public health in China. We also observe that regional...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; China; Government; Economic Development; Inequality; Environment; Political Economy; D720; H110; K420.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91006