Consulta: subjectFacets:"Decomposition"
Registros recuperados: 38
Data/hora: 09/06/2024 11:47:18

La incorporación de materia orgánica a través de Lupinus para la fertilidad del suelo.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Guerrero Ortíz, Pilar Lourdes.
Con la finalidad de estudiar los mejoradores orgánicos de lupinus, se estableció una fase en laboratorio, en el cual se incubó durante 58 días en condiciones controladas de humedad y temperatura, se realizaron mezclas de suelo tipo franco arenoso en combinación con mejoradores orgánicos de Lupinus montanus Kunth en verde (Av), compost maduro (Cm) y vermicompost maduro (Vc). Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que Av presentó un mayor desprendimiento de CO2, mientras que el Cm y el Vc presentaron menor acción de la biomasa microbiana, esto se puede atribuir a que los mejoradores orgánicos presentaban distintas etapas de descomposición. En la fase campo, se estableció el experimento en San Pablo Ixayoc; en un primer tratamiento se incorporó 25.22 kg de...
Palavras-chave: Respiración; Madurez; Descomposición; Edafología; Maestría; Breathing; Maturity; Decomposition.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1766

Invertebrate composition in submerged macrophyte debris: habitat and degradation time effects
Provedor de dados: Ecología Austral
Autores: Faria Albertoni,Edélti; Ubiratan Hepp,Luiz; Carvalho,Cristiane; Palma-Silva,Cleber.
The aim of this study was to determine if the rate of degradation and the habitat type associated with two submersed macrophytes affect the structure of the invertebrate communities in a shallow subtropical lake. We evaluated debris decomposition rate with a litter bags approach, assigned to four treatments: Potamogeton pectinatus decomposing inside their own stand (PP) and inside a Chara zeylanica stand (PC), and C. zeylanica decomposing inside their own stand (CC) and inside a P. pectinatus stand (CP). During the degradation experiment (20 days), we evaluated the fauna associated both with debris and at live macrophytes. The debris were washed, dried and the coefficient of degradation was determined. We estimated the richness and abundance of taxa of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Functional feeding groups; Microhabitat structure; Decomposition; Shallow lake.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1667-782X2018000100006

Biogeochemistry of the OMZ of Chile
Provedor de dados: Gayana
Autores: Pantoja,Silvio.
Most microbial reactions are in one way or another associated to decomposition of organic matter, and occurs under two general conditions: in the presence and in the absence of oxygen. Here, we will examine current information on the biogeochemical reactions in the area of the oxygen minimum zone off Chile. The aim of this presentation is to examine mechanisms of processing of organic matter under upwelling and O2 depletion.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Microbial reaction; Decomposition; Sinking; DOC.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-65382006000300013

ACTIVIDAD RESPIRATORIA EN EL HORIZONTE ORGANICO DE SUELOS DE ECOSISTEMAS FORESTALES DEL CENTRO Y SUR DE CHILE
Provedor de dados: Gayana Botánica
Autores: Carmona,Martín R; Aguilera,María; Pérez,Cecilia A.; Serey,Italo.
El mantillo del suelo (horizontes Oi y Oe) de ecosistemas boscosos es utilizado como hábitat, fuente de nutrientes y energía para una gran diversidad de organismos. Ocurre, en consecuencia, un flujo de carbono (C) desde el detritus debido a la producción de CO2 por respiración de la biota. En este trabajo se midió y comparó la actividad respiratoria en condiciones de laboratorio de muestras de mantillo, colectadas en tres tipos de bosques del centro y sur de Chile: bosque Nordpatagónico (Nothofagus), bosque Siempreverde de Coníferas (Fitzroya) y bosque Esclerófilo (Cryptocarya). Las muestras de este último se separaron en tres fracciones de tamaño de partículas (&gt;2,4; 2,4-1,2 y &lt; 1,2 mm), con el fin de poner a prueba la hipótesis de la constancia de...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Decomposition; Leaf litter; C-CO2 evolution; Temperate forests.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432006000100001

High-throughput nucleotide sequence analysis of diverse bacterial communities in leachates of decomposing pig carcasses
Provedor de dados: Genetics and Molecular Biology
Autores: Yang,Seung Hak; Lim,Joung Soo; Khan,Modabber Ahmed; Kim,Bong Soo; Choi,Dong Yoon; Lee,Eun Young; Ahn,Hee Kwon.
The leachate generated by the decomposition of animal carcass has been implicated as an environmental contaminant surrounding the burial site. High-throughput nucleotide sequencing was conducted to investigate the bacterial communities in leachates from the decomposition of pig carcasses. We acquired 51,230 reads from six different samples (1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 14 week-old carcasses) and found that sequences representing the phylum Firmicutes predominated. The diversity of bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences in the leachate was the highest at 6 weeks, in contrast to those at 2 and 14 weeks. The relative abundance of Firmicutes was reduced, while the proportion of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria increased from 3–6 weeks. The representation of phyla was restored...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pig; Decomposition; Leachate; Bacterial community; Pyrosequencing.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572015000300373

Manejo do palhiço residual n a cultura de cana-de-açúcar no Cerrado: primeira aproximação.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: SA, M. A. C. de; FRANZ, C. A. B.; SANTOS JUNIOR, J. de D. G. dos; REIN, T. A.; BUFON, V. B.; CARVALHO, A. M. de; MULLER, A. G.
bitstream/item/131266/1/cirtec-27.pdf
Tipo: Circular Técnica (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Goiás; Cana-de-açúcar; Agroenergia; Brasil; Decomposition; Second-generation ethanol; Savanna.; Colheita mecânica; Cana de açúcar; Canavial; Palha; Latossolo vermelho; Cerrado; Colheita; Conservação do Solo; Decomposição; Matéria Orgânica; Saccharum Officinarum.; Brazil; Bioenergy; Harvesting; Organic matter; Soil conservation; Straw; Sugarcane.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1026337

Efeito da composição química na dinâmica de decomposição de resíduos vegetais de plantas de cobertura sob manejo na floração e maturação (2009).
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: SOUZA, L. L. P. DE; ALVES, P. C. A. C.; COELHO, M. C.; CAMPOS, R. G.; MARTINS, W.; CARVALHO, A. M. de.
bitstream/item/78152/1/p2009-041.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Plantas de cobertura; Decomposition; Green manure.; Decomposição; Lignina.; Cover crops; Lignin.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/736940

Composição química e decomposição de plantas de cobertura sob manejo na floração e maturação.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: ALVES, P. C. A. C.; SOUZA, L. L. P. de; CARVALHO, A. M. de.
bitstream/item/78231/1/p2009-066.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Decomposition; Green manure.; Decomposição; Lignina; Planta de Cobertura.; Cover crops; Lignin.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/898298

Deciduous material contribution and soil nutrients in eucalyptus plantations and secondary forest
Provedor de dados: PFB - Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira
Autores: Diniz, Anderson Ribeiro; Pereira, Marcos Gervasio; Loss, Arcângelo.
In this study we evaluated the uptake, decomposition and nutrient release of the deciduous material in summer in areas of secondary forest and eucalyptus plantations in Redenção da Serra, SP. Were installed ten collectors in each area to evaluate the contribution of deciduous material (litter). It was collected every 15 days from December 2003 for 75 days. Part of the litter was placed in decomposition bags and distributed in surface areas, being collected every 15 days for evaluation. The area under eucalyptus showed greater intake of dry matter, lower decomposition constant and longer half life. There was a higher proportion of the fraction in the forest leaves and branches on the fraction area of eucalyptus. At time zero, the area of secondary forest...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Atlantic Forest; Decomposition; Nutrient cycling. Floresta Atlântica; Decomposição; Ciclagem de nutrientes.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/147

Aporte e decomposição de serapilheira em Floresta Estacional Decidual na região do Alto Uruguai, RS
Provedor de dados: PFB - Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira
Autores: Turchetto, Felipe; Fortes, Fabiano de Oliveira.
O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar e descrever a dinâmica sazonal da deposição e decomposição de serapilheira na Floresta Estacional Decidual da região do Médio Alto Uruguai, RS. Para a determinação da deposição de serapilheira foram instalados 20 coletores de 1 m2 em uma área de um hectare, sendo realizadas avaliações mensais. Para a amostra da serapilheira acumulada nas estações sazonais, foram coletadas 20 amostras aleatórias em molduras de 25 cm x 25 cm. O material coletado foi identificado e separado nas frações: folhas, galhos e miscelânea. Após a estratificação, as amostras foram secas em estufa a 70 oC e pesadas. A deposição anual de serapilheira foi estimada em 7,14 t.ha-1, sendo composta por 58,54% de folhas, 28,69% de galhos e 12,77%...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Recursos Florestais; Engenharia Florestal; Ecologia Mineralização; Sazonalidade; Decomposição Mineralization; Seasonality; Decomposition.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/735

Phytomass and nutrient release in soybean cultivation systems under no-tillage
Provedor de dados: Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
Autores: Miguel,Andressa Selestina Dalla Côrt São; Pacheco,Leandro Pereira; Carvalho,Ícaro Camargo de; Souza,Edicarlos Damacena de; Feitosa,Priscilla Barros; Petter,Fabiano André.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of phytomass accumulation, soil cover, and nutrient cycling promoted by cultivation systems with annual and cover crops on the grain yield of soybean sown in succession in the Cerrado, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with nine cultivation systems and four replicates, in two crop seasons. In 2014/2015, forage grasses and legumes were evaluated, besides fallow treatments. In 2015/2016, forage and legume intercropped or not with corn or sunflower and fallow were assessed; the soybean crop was evaluated following cover crops. Phytomass, soil cover, and nutrient cycling provided by cultivation systems, as well as soybean mass...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Crotalaria spectabilis; Glycine max; Pennisetum glaucum; Urochloa ruziziensis; Cover crops; Decomposition.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2018001001119

Effects of straw decomposition degree on leaching and weed control efficacy of tebuthiuron and hexazinone in green sugarcane harvesting
Provedor de dados: Planta Daninha
Autores: Tonieto,T.A.P.; Regitano,J.B.
Green sugarcane harvesting may promote great changes in the dynamics of herbicides in the environment. Our goal was to evaluate the influence of straw decomposition degree on leaching and weed (Ipomoea grandifolia) control efficacy by (14C) tebuthiuron and hexazinone. The presence of straw on the soil surface affected leaching, mainly for hexazinone (leaching reduced from 37 to 5% of the applied amount in the presence of straw). Overall, tebuthiuron showed more efficient control of Ipomoea than hexazinone. The straw decomposition degree affected only hexazinone efficacy that was lowest for the least decomposed straw. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of sugarcane straw on herbicides dissipation, particularly on volatilization and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tebuthiuron; Hexazinone; Straw; Decomposition; Sugarcane; Ipomoea spp.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582014000400016

Trade, Technique and Composition Effects: What is Behind the Fall in World-Wide SO2 Emissions 1990-2000?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Grether,   Jean-Marie; Mathys,   Nicole A.; de Melo,   Jaime.
Replaced with revised version of paper 10/18/07.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trade; Growth; Environment; Decomposition; Embodied Emissions in Trade; Transport; International Relations/Trade; F11; Q56.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7448

An Extension of the Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition Technique to Logit and Probit Models
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Fairlie,   Robert W.
The Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition technique is widely used to identify and quantify the separate contributions of group differences in measurable characteristics, such as education, experience, marital status, and geographical differences to racial and gender gaps in outcomes. The technique cannot be used directly, however, if the outcome is binary and the coefficients are from a logit or probit model. I describe a relatively simple method of performing a decomposition that uses estimates from a logit or probit model. Expanding on the original application of the technique in Fairlie (1999), I provide a more thorough discussion of how to apply the technique, an analysis of the sensitivity of the decomposition estimates to different parameters, and the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Logit; Probit; Decomposition; Race; Gender; Discrimination; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C8; J7.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28425

Explaining Changes in the Distribution of Annual Dairy Farm Income over Time
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hung-Hao,   Chang; Boisvert,   Richard N.; Tauer,   Loren W.
This paper identifies factors affecting the distribution of farm income among dairy producers over time. Using data from participants in Cornell's Dairy Farm Record Program, we decompose differences of farm income distributions into those due to: differences in means of observable farm characteristics, differential marginal effects of characteristics and unobserved random error. The distribution of farm income is affected by factors reflecting the operators' experience and investment in human capital and indicators of management efficiency and level of capital investment. The marked changes in marginal contributions of these factors explain most of the total change in the distribution of income.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Dairy farm income distribution; Decomposition; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6544

An Examination of Gender Wage Differences Among Graduates of the Agribusiness Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wolf,   Marianne McGarry; Qenani-Petrela,   Eivis.
Utilizing an original and extended data set containing information on annual wages, demographic and personal characteristics, we examine gender differences in the wages of the graduates of the agribusiness department.  The regression analysis suggests that after controlling for the main characteristics that affect earnings, significant differences in wages of men and women still remain present.  This study provides new empirical evidence on the gender wage gap in the labor market for the agricultural graduates.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Wages; Gender; Decomposition; Labor market; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20412

Decomposition of Agricultural Labor Productivity Growth and its Regional Disparity in China
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Xin,   Xiangfei; Qin,   Fu.
This paper studies the regional disparity of China's agricultural productivity growth by decomposing it into technical changes, efficiency changes and input accumulation per worker. The convergence test is also used to analyze the determinants of regional disparity. The paper finds that during 1987 and 2005, although the growth of China’s agricultural labor productivity mainly depended on the accumulation of inputs, technical changes contributed more to regional disparities in agricultural productivity growth. Improving efficiency to promote TFP growth is important for agricultural labor productivity growth for the three regions—Eastern, Central and Western of China. The increase in inputs for Western China, and the improvement in technical change for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural labor productivity growth; Decomposition; Regional disparity; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51047

Sources of Agricultural Growth in India: Role of Diversification towards High-Value Crops
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Joshi,   P.K.; Birthal,   Pratap Singh; Minot,   Nicholas.
This study examines the sources of crop income growth in Indian agriculture over the 1980s and 1990s. Using a method developed by Minot (2003), the analysis decomposes crop income growth into the contribution of yield increases, area expansion, price increases, and diversification from low-value crops to higher-value crops. The results confirm that at the national level, technology (higher yield) was the main source of crop income growth during 1980s, while rising prices and diversification emerged as the dominant sources of growth in agriculture during 1990s. Diversification towards higher-value crops such as fruits and vegetables accounted for about 27% of crop income growth in the 1980s and 31% in the 1990s. However, these national averages hide...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Crops; Income growth; Agriculture; Grain production; Agricultural research; Research and development; High value commodities; Crop yields; Prices; High-value crops; Decomposition; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58572

Hyphomycetes decompositores do folhedo de Tibouchina pulchra Cogn.
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Botânica
Autores: GRANDI,ROSELY A.P.; GUSMÃO,LUÍS F.P.
Durante o levantamento de fungos mitospóricos associados ao folhedo de Tibouchina pulchra Cogn. coletado na Reserva Biológica de Paranapiacaba (Mata Atlântica), Santo André, estado de São Paulo, vinte e dois Hyphomycetes foram isolados. As folhas passaram pela técnica da lavagem sucessiva de substratos com água destilada esterilizada e foram incubadas em câmaras-úmidas. Três espécies constituem novos registros para o Brasil, Rhinocladiella cristaspora Matsushima, Venustusynnema ciliata (Castañeda, G. Arnold &amp;amp; A. Guerra) Castañeda &amp;amp; Kendrick e Vermiculariopsiella cubensis (Castañeda) Nawawi, Kuthubutheen &amp;amp; Sutton; para essas são apresentadas descrições, distribuição geográfica, comentários e ilustrações.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mitosporic Fungi; Biodiversity; Decomposition; Atlantic rain forest.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-84042002000100010

Carbon and Nitrogen Mineralization in Soil Combining Sewage Sludge and Straw
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
Autores: Giacomini,Sandro José; Simon,Vera Lúcia Guedes; Aita,Celso; Bastos,Leonardo Mendes; Weiler,Douglas Adams; Redin,Marciel.
ABSTRACT The combined incorporation of sewage sludge (SS) and oat straw (OS) to the soil can increase straw carbon mineralization and microbial nitrogen immobilization. This hypothesis was tested in two laboratory experiments, in which SS was incorporated in the soil with and without OS. One treatment in which only straw was incorporated and a control with only soil were also evaluated. The release of CO2 and mineral N in the soil after organic material incorporation was evaluated for 110 days. The cumulative C mineralization reached 30.1 % for SS and 54.7 % for OS. When these organic materials were incorporated together in the soil, straw C mineralization was not altered. About 60 % of organic N in the SS was mineralized after 110 days. This N...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Decomposition; N immobilization; Biosolids.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832015000501428

Description of the puparium of Manotes plana (Diptera: Stratiomyidae: Pachygastrinae) from the Ilha da Marambaia, Mangaratiba, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Xerez,Roberto de; Lopes,Ana Lúcia de Freitas.
The puparium of Manotes plana Kertész, 1916 is described based on the exuviae of six larvae collected under the bark of a plant in early state of decomposition in the Ilha da Marambaia (23°04'15"S, 43°53'59", at sea level), state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The external morphology and chaetotaxy is compared with the previously described puparium of Manotes crassimanus James, 1980. The texture and shape of the setae of M. crassimanus are plumose and some setae are claviform while M. plana are setiform. In M. plana the ventro-craneal furrow extends from the posterior region of the mouthparts until the median region of the head. In M. crassimanus, the furrow extends until the posterior third of the head. No diferrence occurs in position in the puparia of both...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Decomposition; Immature; Larvae; Neotropical; Soldier flies; Taxonomy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702009000300024

Vultures and others scavenger vertebrates associated with man-sized pig carcasses: a perspective in Forensic Taphonomy
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Demo,Caroline; Cansi,Edison Rogério; Kosmann,Cecília; Pujol-Luz,José Roberto.
The activity of vertebrates that feed on corpses can modify the chronology of the decomposition process and interfere with postmortem interval estimates. Further, by destroying the soft parts of the cadaver, scattering, burying or causing the disappearance of bones, it can entirely change the crime scene. In this study, we simulated a clandestine cemetery in an area of Cerrado located inside a farm in Brasília, Distrito Federal. Three domestic pigs of the size of a human of about 60 kg were placed on the ground in different periods of 2010 and 2011. We recorded four species of birds and one of mammal eating the carcasses: 1) Cathartidae: Coragyps atratus (Bechstein, 1973), Cathartes aura (Linnaeus, 1758), Sarcoramphus papa (Linnaeus, 1758); 2) Falconidae:...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cerrado; Chronothanatognosis; Clandestine cemeteries; Decomposition; Necrophagy.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702013000500010

Dung decomposition and associated beetles in a fragmented temperate forest
Provedor de dados: Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
Autores: BUSTAMANTE-SÁNCHEZ,MARCELA A.; GREZ,AUDREY A.; SIMONETTI,JAVIER A.
Habitat fragmentation may result in changes in species number and population abundance among habitats that differ in area, structure, or edge characteristics. These changes, in turn, may result in alterations in ecosystem process such as decomposition of organic matter. Through an experimental approach, we compared the beetles assemblages associated with dung and decomposition of cow feces in a continuous portion of Maulino forest, forest fragments and in pine plantations that surround this forest and forest remnants. Abundance and richness of dung-associated beetles were lower in forest fragments compared to the continuous forest and pine plantations. However, dung decomposition was similar in these three habitats. Beetle abundance, species richness and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Temperate forest; Fragmentation; Insects; Decomposition.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2004000100009

Organic matter decomposition and microarthropod community structure in corn fields under low input and intensive management in Guaíra (SP)
Provedor de dados: Scientia Agricola
Autores: Rodrigues,G.S; Ligo,M.A.V; Mineiro,J.L. de C.
The rate of organic matter decomposition and the structure of the communities of microarthropods were compared between two corn fields receiving contrasting agricultural management practices (low input and intensive farming). The rate of decomposition tended to be higher in the intensively managed field in the beginning of the growing season, but decreased to a level significantly lower than the observed in the low input field by the end of the growing season. This suggested that the biological community associated with the decomposition process could be negatively influenced in the intensively managed field. Analyses of the structure of microarthropod communities indicated differences between the two areas. The microarthropod populations present in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Soil fauna; Organic matter; Decomposition; Agroecosystems; Farming systems; Low-input agriculture.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90161997000100010

Coleopterofauna em floresta e pastagem no norte do Paraná, Brasil, coletada com armadilha de solo
Provedor de dados: Zoologia
Autores: Medri,Ísis Meri; Lopes,José.
The environmental transformations constitute the principal cause of changes in biodiversity. This make the comparative studies between natural and altered environments very important. This research compare the beetle fauna at the following areas: isolated forest fragment and pasture at the secondary stage of succession. Beetles were collected using four pitfall traps baited with cattle meat in each area, fortnightly from November 1998 to April 1999. A total of 17,721 individuals from 30 families of Coleóptera in forest and 6,597 individuals belanging to 32 families in pasture was collected. The Sorensen index was used to calculate similarity, and Shannon index to calculate diversity. The qualitative similarity found was 0.70 and the quantitative similarity...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Coleoptera; Necrophagous; Pitfall traps; Forest fragment; Pasture; Decomposition.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752001000500010

Descrição do pupário de Sargus thoracicus Macquart (Diptera, Stratiomyidae, Sarginae)
Provedor de dados: Zoologia
Autores: Viana,Gustavo Glória; Xerez,Roberto de.
Herein, the puparium of Sargus thoracicus Macquart, 1834 collected in decaying organic material, on the Campus of Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropedica, Rio de Janeiro State is described. The description is based on a single larva collected and reared in laboratory till the emergence of the adult. Some biological notes on the larva are also presented.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Decomposition; Puparium; Sarginae; Sargus thoracicus.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752002000600008

Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) do Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy e de área de pastagem, no norte do Paraná, Brasil
Provedor de dados: Zoologia
Autores: Medri,Ísis Meri; Lopes,José.
The environmental transformations constitute the principal cause of changes in biodiversity decrease. This make the comparative studies between natural and altered environments very important. This work compare the fauna of Scarabaeidae at the following areas: isolated forest fragment and pasture at the secondary stage of succession. Scarabs beetles were collected using four pitfall traps baited with cattle meat in each habitat, fortnightly from November 1998 to April 1999. It was collected a total of 3,113 individuals from 32 species in forest and 956 individuals from 27 species in pasture. The Sorensen index was used to calculate similarity, and Shannon index to calculate diversity. The qualitative similarity found was 0.64 and the quantitative...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Coleoptera; Scarabaeidae; Scavengers; Pitfall traps; Forest fragment; Pasture; Decomposition.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752001000500011

Produção e decomposição de folhedo em um trecho de Mata Atlântica de encosta no município do Guarujá, SP
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Varjabedian,Roberto; Pagano,Sergio Nereu.
A produção de folhedo e a taxa de decomposição de folhedo (k) foram estimadas, no período de 2.8.85 a 10.8.86, numa área de 1 ha de mata atlântica de encosta (60º de inclinação e altitude de 140m), no município do Guarujá (Lat. S 24º16'; Long. W 46º19'), Estado de São Paulo. A queda pluviométrica anual média é de 2050 mm e não há estação seca definida. O solo é argilo-arenoso e ácido, com pH variando entre 3 e 4. A produção anual de folhedo foi de 7925 kg/ha. A fração folhas contribuiu com 5040 kg/ha seguida pelas frações ramos (1950 kg/ha), flores (491 kg/ha), frutos (222 kg/ha) e material de origem animal (222 kg/ha). A produção de folhedo e das frações componentes foi contínua durante todo o ano. Os valores mensais de produção não revelaram nenhum...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Litterfall; Decomposition; Coastal Rain Forest.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33061987000300023

Does nutrient cycling differ between fragments of Atlantic Forest with distinct structural aspects? A case study in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Cunha,Gláucio de Mello; Gama-Rodrigues,Antonio Carlos.
In this study, we evaluate litter biomass and nutrient inputs, as well as nutrient use efficiency (NUE), in two fragments of dense montane rain forest within the Atlantic Forest Biome in the northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The total annual average litter production for the two fragments (designated M1 and M2) was 7.72 and 7.56 t ha−¹ year−¹, respectively. The annual nutrient return rate was 146.67, 4.84, 21.41, 64.93, and 17.25 kg ha−¹ year−¹ for N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, respectively. No differences in NUE were observed between the studied fragments, except for that of P. The average NUE for N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, respectively, was 51, 1426, 367, 111, and 428 in fragment M1, compared with 51, 1890, 360, 126, and 472 in fragment M2. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Decomposition; Forest fragment; Litter; Nutrient input; Nutrient use efficiency.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062014000400015

Effects of forest structure on litter production, soil chemical composition and litter-soil interactions
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Capellesso,Elivane Salete; Scrovonski,Kellin Luana; Zanin,Elisabete Maria; Hepp,Luiz Ubiratan; Bayer,Cimélio; Sausen,Tanise Luisa.
ABSTRACT Litter production in forest ecosystems is a major indicator of primary productivity because litter helps incorporate carbon and nutrients from plants into the soil and is directly involved in plant-soil interactions. To our knowledge, few studies have investigated the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem processes in subtropical forest fragments. In this work, we determined forest structural parameters and assessed seasonal leaf litter input, leaf decomposition rate, litter quality and soil characteristics in two subtropical Atlantic Forest fragments. Litter production was greater in the native fragment with the higher species diversity (FN1). The two native fragments (FN1 and FN2) differed in basal area, volume and dominance in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Carbon; Decomposition; Phosphorus; Selection effect.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062016000300329

Laboratory decomposition of Dalbergia nigra all. ex. benth and Eucalyptus grandis w.hill ex. maiden leaves in forest and eucalypt plantation soils
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Rezende,Juliana L. P.; Garcia,Queila S.; Scotti,Maria Rita M. M. L.
The objective was to evaluate the decomposition of D. nigra and E. grandis leaves under laboratory conditions when incubated in soils from Atlantic Forest and from a 40-year-old eucalypt plantation for a year. The obtained values of pH in forest and eucalypt plantation soils were 5.61 and 4.47 and for aluminum 0.32 and 1.89mEqx100, respectively. A great number of microorganisms (total fungi, phosphate solubilising and cellulolytic organisms) were found in forest soil. Litterbag study revealed a higher mass loss of the leaves in forest soil in the first four months (c. 30%). In the eucalypt plantation soils loss was observed only after eight months (c. 40%). The initial contents of N and P were greater in D. nigra than in E. grandis leaves, although lignin...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dalbergia; Eucalyptus; Nutrient cycling; Decomposition.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062001000300002

Clay content drives carbon stocks in soils under a plantation of Eucalyptus saligna Labill. in southern Brazil
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Sausen,Tanise Luisa; Schaefer,Guilherme Frederico de Paula; Tomazi,Michely; Santos,Lívia Scheunemann dos; Bayer,Cimélio; Rosa,Luís Mauro Gonçalves.
Soil carbon accumulation is largely dependent on net primary productivity. To our knowledge, there have been no studies investigating the dynamics of carbon accumulation in weathered subtropical soils, especially in managed eucalyptus plantations. We quantified the seasonal input of leaf litter, the leaf decomposition rate and soil carbon stocks in an commercial plantation of Eucalyptus saligna Labill. in southern Brazil. Our goal was to evaluate, through multiple linear regression, the influence that certain chemical characteristics of litter, as well as chemical and physical characteristics of soil, have on carbon accumulation in soil organic matter fractions. Variables related to the chemical composition of litter were not associated with the soil...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Weathered soils; Decomposition; Soil organic matter fractions; Litter input.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062014000200013

Decomposição e liberação de nutrientes das palhadas de milheto e milheto + crotalária no plantio direto do feijoeiro - DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v31i4.1356
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Agronomy
Autores: Teixeira, Cícero Monti; EPAMIG; Carvalho, Gabriel José de; UFLA; Andrade, Messias José Bastos de; UFLA; Silva, Carlos Alberto; UFLA; Pereira, Janser Moura; UFU.
O objetivo foi avaliar a produção de fitomassa, o acúmulo e liberação de macronutrientes, e a decomposição das palhadas de milheto (Pennisetum typhoides (Burm.) Stapf) solteiro e consorciado com crotalária (Crotalaria juncea), sob a cultura do feijoeiro. O delineamento foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas. As parcelas foram constituídas pelas duas palhadas; as subparcelas, pelas épocas de avaliação, ao longo do cultivo do feijoeiro (0, 8, 16, 24, 40, 56 e 72 dias após a semeadura). Os resíduos coletados foram secos em estufa de circulação forçada de ar, a 65ºC, até atingirem massa constante, para a determinação da matéria seca remanescente. Posteriormente, foram moídos e encaminhados para laboratório,...
Palavras-chave: 5.01.03.04-0    Produção de Mudas ciclagem de nutrientes; Litter-bags; Decomposição; Modelos não-lineares; Consórcio gramínea x leguminosa. 5.01.01.03-0 nutrient cycling; Litter bags; Decomposition; Non-linear models; Grass x leguminous intercropping.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/1356

Casca de arroz e palhada de soja na compostagem de carcaças de frangos de corte - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v33i1.10824
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Animal Sciences
Autores: Abreu, Paulo Giovanni de; Embrapa Suínos e Aves; Paiva, Doralice Pedroso de; Embrapa Suínos e Aves; Abreu, Valeria Maria Nascimento; Embrapa Suínos e Aves; Coldebella, Arlei; Embrapa Suínos e Aves; Cestonaro, Taiana; Universidade do Contestado -UnC.
Avaliou-se a atuação da casca de arroz e da palhada de soja como substrato para compostagem de carcaça de frangos de corte, observando a degradação dos dois substratos e das carcaças pelo monitoramento da temperatura, peso das carcaças e dos substratos e análise físico-química do produto final. As câmaras foram montadas com carcaças de 10 aves recém abatidas, com quatro repetições no tempo. Instalou-se em cada câmara um termopar para registro da temperatura. O substrato e as carcaças foram pesadas separadamente, no início, aos 15 e aos 30 dias de compostagem. Ao final de cada período, foram realizadas análises físico-química de amostras de cada câmara, avaliando-se o pH e os teores de matéria seca, cinzas, P, N, K, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe e carbono orgânico....
Palavras-chave: Composição físico-química; Decomposição; Pilhas de compostagem physiochemical composition; Decomposition; Composting piles.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/10824

DECOMPOSITION, DYNAMIC OF INORGANIC ELEMENTS AND MICROBIAL COLONIZATION OF ARARIBÁ (Centrolobium tomentosum Guill. ex Benth) LEAVES ON LATOSOLS OF BRAZILIAN ATLANTIC FOREST
Provedor de dados: Agricultura Técnica
Autores: Marques,Márcia S.; Sá,Nadja M.; Scotti,María R.
Leguminous trees are being planted in order to establish restoration units in the Brazilian Atlantic forest ecosystem. The success of the establishment depends on the growth, productivity of plants and litter decomposition rates. The objective of this study was to investigate the decomposition of araribá (Centrolobium tomentosum Guill. Ex Benth) leaves, at two sites. Site 1 was an experimental plantation of the native species C. tomentosum, which was inoculated with rhizobia plus mycorrhizal fungi, and Site 2 was a eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden) forest. The leaf litter of C. tomentosum was incubated for 120, 240 and 360 days in both sites. The decomposition rate and dynamic of mineralization of the organic matter and the nutrients K, Mg,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Decomposition; Eucalyptus sp.; Microbial colonization; Tropical forest; Soil fertility.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0365-28072003000100008

Experimental assessment of temperature increase and presence of predator carcass changing the response of invertebrate shredders
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: Navarro,Fernanda Keley Silva Pereira; Rezende,Renan de Souza; Gonçalves Júnior,José Francisco.
The role of the invertebrate shredders in leaf decomposition process in tropical lotic ecosystems has been explored only recently. In addition to the influence of the quality of litter and the temperature, the risk of predation generally results in changes on the survival and behavior of invertebrate shredders. The aim of this study was to observe the responses of the invertebrate shredders to different species of leaf litters (Experiment 1: Talauma ovata and Inga laurina ; Experiment 2: Talauma ovata, Inga laurina and Richeria grandis ) under gradual temperature rise (24 °C, 26 °C, 28 °C, 30 °C, 32 °C), in the presence (Experiment 2) and absence (Experiment1) of fish (Astyanax sp.) carcasses, as well as to observe the possible consequences of the leaf...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Feeding activity; Global warming; Decomposition.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032013000400028

Aspects of the uptake of dissolved oxygen in Cabiúnas and Imboassica Lagoons (Macaé, RJ)
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Brum,Paulo R.; Farjalla,Vinicius F.; Gonçalves Jr.,José F.; Santos,Anderson M. dos; Pôrto,Maurício T.; Vieira,Elisa D. R.; Ferreira,Flávia M.; Bianchini Jr.,Irineu.
In this work, we describe qualitative and quantitative aspects of the cycling of detritus of aquatic macrophytes and carbohydrates in two coastal lagoons of the northeastern part of the State of Rio de Janeiro. Samples of water of the Imboassica and Cabiúnas lagoons were enriched with sucrose. Samples of water of the Cabiúnas lagoon were also utilized to arrange mineralization chambers with fragments of three species of aquatic macrophytes found in these lagoons (Typha domingensis, Potamogeton stenostachys and Nymphaea ampla). Following that, the bottles were aerated and incubated (in the laboratory) for a period of 8 days. The concentrations of dissolved oxygen, the pH, the electrical conductivity and the temperature were daily measured. The anaerobic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Decomposition; Aerobic mineralization; Dissolved oxygen; Coastal lagoons; Aquatic macrophytes.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89131999000400008

Loss of weight and concentration of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus during decomposition of Eichhornia azurea in the floodplain of the upper Paraná river, Brazil
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Biology
Autores: PAGIORO,T. A.; THOMAZ,S. M.
Leaf packs of the aquatic macrophyte Eichhornia azurea were used to experimentally evaluate changes in mass, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations, and C:N ratios during initial stages of decomposition in two different environments, the Paraná River and Garças Lake. Analysis of weight loss showed relatively slow decomposition rates in both environments (0.0047 d-1 and 0.0048 d-1 respectively). Over a 45-day period we observed significant changes (p &lt; 0.05) in concentrations of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, but only carbon differed between the environments (F = 10.479; p = 0.03). Therefore we concluded that detritus behaved similarly during decomposition, since intrinsic characteristics of the environments affected only the carbon...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Eichhornia azurea; Decomposition; Floodplain; Paraná river.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-71081998000400007