Consulta: subjectFacets:"Food Security"
Registros recuperados: 59
Data/hora: 09/06/2024 05:41:09

Biofuels, Growth and Agricultural Development
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Msangi,   Siwa.
Global projections for increasing food demand combined with increasing demand for energy from all sources – including crop-based biofuels – point towards greater stress on food systems and their supporting ecosystems. In many parts of the world, increasing household incomes has translated into increasing demands for energy, of which transportation fuel comprises a fast-growing share. Accompanying the world’s steady population growth is an increasing demand for food and the necessary feedstuffs to fuel the requisite increases in livestock production. The combination of these two trends will inevitably lead to greater stresses and demands on the natural resource base and eco-systems that underlie the world’s food and energy production systems – such as land...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Agriculture; Food Security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51723

Sécurité alimentaire en Afrique de l’Ouest : Enjeux et Eléments Stratégique pour sa Réalisation.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Dembele,   Niama Nango; Staatz,   John M.
The situation analysis and perspectives on food security West Africa shows a widening gap between the needs of consumption and nutrition and food availability at Global countries, households and individuals. Low gains productivity in food production and import capacity are the major constraints to the achievement of security Food in the region. The agricultural growth becomes the prerequisite for improving the food situation.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; West Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Q18; Q17; Q13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58546

Food prices and food security in CARICOM - The case of Trinidad and Tobago
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mohammed,   Aziz.
Bridgetown, Barbados 6th – 10th July, 2009
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Prices; Food Security; Trinidad and Tobago; Transformation Plan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122661

A Strategic Approach to Agricultural Research Program Planning in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Boughton,   Duncan; Crawford,   Eric W.; Howard,   Julie A.; Oehmke,   James F.; Shaffer,   James D.; Staatz,   John M.
Recent studies have shown that agricultural research can have high payoffs in Africa, but impact depends on how well technology fits with evolving needs and capacity in the agricultural sector and the rest of the economy. Structural adjustment policies (e.g., market liberalization, currency devaluation) and political change are transforming user demands for new technology and the economic environment in which technology must perform. The challenge is how to design agricultural research as a strategic input to promote broad-based economic growth, structural transformation, and food security in the increasingly market-driven, but fragile, economies of Africa.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Agricultural Research; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Downloads May 2008-July 2009: 44; Q18.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54702

Improving Kenya's Domestic Horticultural Production and Marketing System: Current Competitiveness, Forces of Change, and Challenges for the Future (Volume I: Horticultural Production)
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Muendo,   Kavoi Mutuku; Tschirley,   David L.
The specific objectives of this Volume are to: estimate the share of domestic FFV production going to international and domestic markets; determine the share of imports from Tanzania and Uganda in Kenya’s horticultural markets; investigate the competitiveness of Kenya’s horticultural produce in local and regional markets; determine the current and likely future share of key marketing channels in Kenya’s domestic FFV marketing system, especially “modern” channels such as supermarkets and more traditional channels such as open air markets and kiosks; and recommend steps that should be taken to place Kenya’s domestic horticulture in a position to compete favorably in local and regional markets.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Horticultural Production; Kenya; Crop Production/Industries; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55155

Seasonal Analysis of Selected Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Prices at Wholesale Level in Key Urban Markets of Kenya
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mathenge,   Mary K.; Tschirley,   David L.
Agricultural commodities typically show a strong seasonal pattern in production, with supplies which come off the farm during one or perhaps two distinct periods of the year having to meet relatively stable demand over the course of the entire year. This seasonal pattern in production can give rise to strong seasonal patterns in price movements, with low prices during and shortly after the harvest, rising to peaks just prior to the next harvest. Understanding this price seasonality, the typical timing and levels of seasonal highs and lows, and the reliability of each, is a key task for anyone wishing to understand the market for an agricultural commodity. This paper presents the results of seasonal analysis for seven fresh fruit and vegetable crops in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Wholesale Fruit and Vegetable Prices; Kenya; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55166

Effects of Government Maize Marketing and Trade Policies on Maize Market Prices in Kenya
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Meyers,   Robert J.; Nyoro,   James K.
The objectives of this paper are to determine the effects of NCPB maize trading activity and the maize import tariff on wholesale maize market price levels and volatility. The analysis uses monthly maize price and trade data covering the period January 1990 to September 2004. Results are based on a vector autoregression (VAR) approach that allows estimation of a counterfactual set of maize prices that would have occurred over the 1990-2004 period had the NCPB not existed and trade restrictions been removed. Assessed are the separate impacts of policy on wholesale prices in Kitale, a major surplus-producing area, and Nairobi, the major urban demand center in the country.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Maize Marketing Trade Policies; Kenya; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55162

The Impact of Postharvest Research
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Goletti,   Francesco; Wolff,   Christiane.
While research on the improvement of agricultural production has received considerable attention and funding, until recently postharvest activities have not attracted much attention from international research organizations. However, there is an emerging consensus on the critical role that postharvest systems can play in meeting the overall goals of food security, poverty alleviation and sustainable agriculture particularly in developing countries. This study provides preliminary evidence on the impact of postharvest research on these goals; furthermore the study argues that postharvest research at international agricultural research organizations is justified by its international public good nature.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Poverty alleviation. Research institutes; Postharvest technology; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97394

Zambian Smallholder Behavioral Responses To Food Reserve Agency Activities
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Myers,   Robert J.
More than two decades after the initiation of agricultural market reforms in eastern and southern Africa (ESA), governments in the region are increasingly using parastatal grain marketing boards (GMBs) and/or strategic grain reserves (SGRs) to directly influence the prices faced by farmers and consumers (Jayne, Chapoto, and Govereh 2007). In Zambia, the government through the Food Reserve Agency, an SGR/GMB, purchased nearly 400,000 MT of maize from smallholders in 2006/07 and 2007/08, or more than 50% of the maize marketed by this group.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Smallholder; Food Security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120764

Assessing the Feasibility of Implementing the Farmer Input Support Programme (FISP) Through an Electronic Voucher System in Zambia
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Sitko,   Nicholas J.; Bwalya,   Richard; Kamwanga,   Jolly; Wamulume,   Mukata.
A number of problems plague the current Farmer Input Support Programme (FISP), including: late delivery of inputs; distribution of standardized inputs that may not be appropriate for all agro-ecological zones or soil types; crowding out of private sector; poor targeting, and; high cost to the government treasury.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Poverty; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123210

Improving Kenya's Domestic Horticultural Production and Marketing System: Current Competitiveness, Forces of Change, and Challenges for the Future (Volume III: Horticultural Research and Seed Sector Regulation in Kenya and Tanzania)
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Muendo,   Kavoi Mutuku; Tschirley,   David L.
The specific objectives of this volume are to compare the influence of input systems on the performance of the horticultural sectors in Kenya and Tanzania, and to recommend steps that should be taken to place Kenya’s domestic horticulture in a position to compete favorably in local and regional markets.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Horticultural Production; Marketing System; Kenya; Tanzania; Crop Production/Industries; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55157

Improving Kenya's Domestic Horticultural Production and Marketing System: Current Competitiveness, Forces of Change, and Challenges for the Future (Volume II: Horticultural Marketing)
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Muendo,   Kavoi Mutuku; Weber,   Michael T.
The specific objectives of this Volume are to: estimate the share of domestic FFV production going to international and domestic markets; determine the share of imports from Tanzania and Uganda in Kenya’s horticultural markets; investigate the competitiveness of Kenya’s horticultural produce in local and regional markets; determine the current and likely future share of key marketing channels in Kenya’s domestic FFV marketing system, especially “modern” channels such as supermarkets and more traditional channels such as open air markets and kiosks; and recommend steps that should be taken to place Kenya’s domestic horticulture in a position to compete favorably in local and regional markets.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Horticultural Marketing; Kenya; Crop Production/Industries; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55156

Market Access by Smallholder Farmers in Malawi: Implications for Technology Adoption, Agricultural Productivity, and Crop Income
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Diagne,   Aliou; Mataya,   Charles.
In Malawi, maize is the major crop and food staple. Given limited off-farm employment opportunities, much-needed increases in household income for improving food security must come from gains in agricultural productivity through better technology and more profitable crops. In the past, agricultural policy promoted hybrid maize and, more recently, tobacco to increase smallholder income. This paper presents an analysis of what determines the adoption of these two crops and what kind of income effects follow from adoption. Apart from factor endowment and exposure to agroecological risks, differences in the household's access to financial and commodity markets significantly influence its cropping shares and farm income.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Employment; Non-agricultural; Malawi; Tobacco; Price; Food Security; Maize; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97054

Evolution of Kenya's Maize Marketing Systems in the Post-liberalization Era
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nyoro,   James K.; Kiiru,   M.W.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
The objectives of this paper are to: (1) identify the pattern of private sector investment in the maize marketing system since the reforms were initiated and evaluate the extent of private sector response to the reforms; (2) assess how maize prices and marketing margins have changed in response to the market reforms; (3) identify market-oriented mechanisms that have evolved in the current environment to reduce vulnerability of farmers, traders and consumers to price and expenditure instability; and (4) identify strategies that the government and private sector could implement to effectively promote the development of the evolving market oriented food systems.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Kenya; Maize; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55148

Food Access and Food Security – An Empirical Analysis
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Bonanno,   Alessandro; Li,   Jing.
This paper analyzes the effect of access to different types of food outlets on households’ food insecurity levels. Two years (2004 and 2005) of Current Population Survey – Food Security Supplement data are matched with MSA-level data on store counts of Wal-Mart Supercenters, small food stores (small grocery stores and convenience stores), medium and large grocery stores, and convenience stores associated with gas stations. Endogeneity of food stores’ location is accounted for to eliminate spurious correlation between households’ food security status and food access. Preliminary results indicate that, before accounting for endogeneity bias, the presence of Wal-Mart supercenters appears to be associated to higher levels of households’ food insecurity, while...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Access; 2-Stage Residual Inclusion; Wal-Mart; Convenience Stores; Grocery Stores; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Q18; L81; P46.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103218

Agricultural Production Incentives: Fertilizer Markets and Insights from Kenya
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wanzala,   Maria N.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Staatz,   John M.; Mugera,   Amin W.; Kirimi,   Justus; Owuor,   Joseph.
The paper has several specific objectives. First, it identifies how fertilizer marketing costs and the types of fertilizers used have changed over the course of the liberalization process in Kenya. A second objective is to examine the fertilizer subsector in Kenya with a view to identifying organizational and institutional changes that could improve its performance. Various types of fertilizer supply chains serving farmers in western Kenya are identified, examine the cost structure of these supply chains, identify potential sources of cost reduction in these supply chains, and last, estimate the impact of illustrative scenarios for reducing fertilizer marketing costs on the profitability of maize production in western Kenya.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Kenya; Fertilizer; Crop Production/Industries; Q18.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55150

Improving Food Security in Africa: Highlights of 25 Years of Research, Capacity-Building, and Outreach.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Food Security Group at Michigan State University.
Decades of research have led to substantially improved understanding of the nature of food insecurity. A combination of economic growth and targeted programs resulted in a steady fall (until the food crisis of 2007/08) in the percentage of the world’s population suffering from undernutrition (from 20% in 1990/92 to 16% in 2006). Yet over a billion people still face both chronic and/or transitory food insecurity due to long-standing problems of inadequate income, low-productivity in agricultural production and marketing, and related problems of poor health and absence of clean water. Assuring adequate food security for such a large share of the world’s population is increasingly challenging due to continuing resource degradation driven by a combination of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Research; Capacity building; Outreach; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q10; Q18; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55050

Competitiveness of Kenyan and Ugandan Maize Production: Challenges for the Future
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nyoro,   James K.; Kirimi,   Lilian; Jayne,   Thomas S.
The purpose of this study is to assess the costs of maize production in Kenya and Uganda, starting from the fact that there is no single “cost of production” for maize. Cost of production varies according to region, the type of technology package employed, farmers’ management practices, and the weather. In light of this, the study disaggregates cost of production into seven region/technology categories, five in Kenya and two in eastern Uganda, in order to compare the relative competitiveness of maize among these regions and technology packages. Variations in cost of production within each region/technology category reflect differences in farmer management practices and micro-variability in soils and rainfall.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Kenya; Uganda; Maize Production; Crop Production/Industries; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55158

Is there an Intrahousehold Flypaper Effect? : Evidence from a School Feeding Program
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jacoby,   Hanan G.
Are public transfers targeted toward children largely neutralized by the household, as the theory of altruism implies, or is there an intrahousehold “flypaper effect” whereby such transfers “stick” to the child? This paper studies the impact of a school feeding program on child caloric intake in the Philippines. Because children are interviewed on school days and nonschool days, and because some schools offer a feeding program and others do not, the dietary impact of the program is identified under mild restrictions. The empirical results confirm an intrahousehold flypaper effect; indeed, they indicate virtually no intrahousehold reallocation of calories in response to the feeding program. In poorer households, however, children’s gains from the program...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Philippines; Resource Allocation; School Children; Food; Child Feeding; Resource Allocation; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97293

Determinants and Measurements of Food Insecurity in Nigeria: Some Empirical Policy Guide
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Amaza,   P.S.; Umeh,   Joseph Chinedu; Helsen,   J.; Adejobi,   A.O.
This study aims at identifying and analyzing food security measures in Borno State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was applied on 1,200 households. Cost-of-Calories (COC) method and Logit model are used as analytical techniques for the study. Based on the recommended daily energy levels of 2,250 kcal, food insecurity line (s) for the households is N23, 700.12 or US $176.87 per adult equivalent per year. Over 58% of the sample households are therefore food insecure. Major determinants of this food insecurity factors are, household size, gender, educational level, farm size and type of household farm enterprise. Policy measures directed towards the provision of better family planning should be given adequate attention and priority by the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Determinants; Food Security; Policy Guide; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25357

Developing Income Proxy Models for USAID Mission in Kenya: A Technical Report
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Mathenge,   Mary K.
This paper details the specific procedures utilized to develop the income proxy method for the USIAD/Kenya mission, reports on the performance of the method, and brings together in one place each part of the package needed to implement the method. The next section provides general background on income proxy methods; section III reports briefly on the Tegemeo/MSU Tampa full income survey that formed the basis for development of the proxy method; section IV provides details on model development, including definition of income components, the types of proxy variables tested, and the performance of the models; section V assesses model performance, and section VI touches on how the models can be used.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Income Proxy Model; Kenya; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55154

Smallholder Commercialization Trends as Affected by Land Constraints in Zambia: What are the Policy Implications?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hichaambwa,   Munguzwe; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Though Zambia has considerable agricultural potential, the sector’s contribution to growth and poverty reduction has been limited. The sector remains one of the most important employers of labour and remains the main source of livelihood for most rural households in Zambia. Thus key development challenge facing Zambian agriculture over the past two decades has been how it can effectively contribute to poverty reduction and broad-based economic growth. Agricultural commercialisation and surplus production, as revealed by nationally representative farm surveys, in the country has remained concentrated with only about 5% of Zambia’s small- and medium-scale farmers produce half of the marketed surplus. Meanwhile at least half of the smallholder farms sell...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Land Economics; Food policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123219

INTEGRAÇÃO DE SISTEMAS AGRO-FLORESTAIS AO FOMENTO FLORESTAL E A SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Alves,   Arlete Maria Da Silva.
Nas últimas décadas, o crescimento populacional e a necessidade crescente de terras agrícolas e produtos florestais, levaram a redução de florestas e da biodiversidade, á insegurança alimentar e pobreza em muitos países. As plantações e gestão florestais podem contribuir para o atendimento das crescentes necessidades das sociedades contemporâneas por produtos florestais e para a preservação ambiental, para redução da pobreza e para a segurança alimentar, se promoverem o aumento da produção no setor com geração de emprego e renda para trabalhadores e comunidades rurais e produtos essenciais (madeireiros e não madeireiros), seguindo tecnologias e normas ambientais adequadas. Programas de fomento florestal têm sido implementados com o fim de fornecer madeira...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sistemas Agro-florestais (SAFs); Segurança Alimentar; Fomento Florestal; Pequenos e Médios Produtores Rurais; Agro-forestry Systems (SAFs); Food Security; Out-grower Schemes; Small and Medium Rural Producers; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114167

Trade in Food Staples: Promoting Price Stability and Food Security through Intra-Regional Trade
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Published by Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Trade; Africa; Agriculture; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54504

Feast and Famine: Financial Services for Rural Kenya
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Argwings-Kodhek,   Gem; Kwamboka,   Mary; Karin,   Francis.
The paper gives a brief description of the history and main institutional forms in the agricultural and rural financial services sector–commercial banks, the micro-finance industry, savings and credit cooperative societies, village banks, building societies and the Agricultural Finance Corporation. It ends by raising some of the issues that need to be addressed as we begin to deal with the institutional and regulatory framework for the subsector including the cost of funds and the array of existing policy and legislative proposals on the table. The main argument of the paper is that we need to step back and undertake a comprehensive assessment of the sector before government passes new laws, or spends public money in unproductive ways. The paper proposes...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Financial Services; Kenya; Micro-finance; Agricultural Finance; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55160

The Effects of the Food Reserve Agency on Maize Market Prices in Zambia.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Myers,   Robert J.
Over the last decade, governments in eastern and southern Africa have become increasingly involved in grain marketing via strategic reserves and marketing boards. Kenya, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Zambia all have one or both of these entities, and their level of involvement in grain marketing has generally increased in recent years. Yet, to date, relatively little is known about how the resurgent activities of strategic grain reserves and marketing boards are affecting market prices. This paper estimates the effects of the Zambia Food Reserve Agency’s (FRA) activities on maize market prices in the country.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food Security; Maize; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120771

Preparation of an Inventory of Research Work Undertaken in Agricultural/Rural Sector in Kenya
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nyoro,   James K.; Ariga,   Joshua.
The objective of this study is therefore to take stock or review the existing body of knowledge, distill the main policy issues and findings, and to identify the analytical gaps. The findings and lessons from research will feed into the ongoing debates and policy formulation, and the identified knowledge gaps will help formulate the immediate and long term agricultural policy research agenda. The World Bank will use the results from this inventory to formulate its economic and sector work (ESW) in the rural sector to underpin its policy dialogue and lending program in Kenya. The inventory and the identified gaps will also assist the government in identifying policy research areas to support the implementation of the SRA. The inventory shall have a broad...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Agricultural/Rural Sector; Kenya; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55161

Getting More “Bang for the Buck”: Diversifying Subsidies Beyond Fertilizer and Policy Beyond Subsidies
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Burke,   William J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Black,   J. Roy.
Input subsidies are the single greatest expenditure under poverty reduction programs in Zambia. Yet maize yields continue to fall well short of international standards. One major reason appears to be the yield limiting effects of acidity, which is highly common on Zambian soils. We suggest a diversification of the input subsidy scheme beyond fertilizer to include inputs that reduce acidity and raise the yield response to fertilizer application. We further discuss specific recommendations for diversifying productivity investments to put more emphasis on extension and agronomic research.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Marketing; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123209

Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Trade in Urban Kenya: Implications For Policy and Investment Priorities
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ayieko,   Miltone W.; Tschirley,   David L.; Mathenge,   Mary K.
This study looks at the urban consumption patterns of fresh fruits and vegetables and the major supply chain systems used in the distribution of fresh produce. The study integrates issues of supply chain organization and performance into the analysis of consumer demand for fresh produce. In particular, the study looks at how system organization and performance affects the ability of the system to satisfy consumer demand for fresh produce. The study pursues these main objectives, namely, to estimate the household consumption of fruits and vegetables per adult equivalent; to examine the shopping patterns of fresh produce consumers as compared to other food purchases; and to examine the various supply chain systems for fresh produce.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Fresh Fruits and Vegetable Consumption; Consumer Demand; Kenya; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55164

Staple Food Consumption Patterns in Urban Kenya: Trends and Policy Implications
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Muyanga,   Milu; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Argwings-Kodhek,   Gem; Ariga,   Joshua.
This study examines current consumption patterns of the main staple carbohydrate products in Nairobi -- maize, wheat, rice, and cooking bananas -- in an effort to update policy makers’ knowledge of current urban food consumption patterns. The study also identifies the factors driving changes in the amount and form of urban maize meal consumption, in order to better understand how food security policy should be designed to respond to the needs of low-income consumers. The study reveals how consumption and expenditure patterns differ according to household income. The study also examines whether the marketing channels used by the poor to secure their staple carbohydrate products differ from those used by relatively high-income consumers. The data used in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Maize; Wheat; Rice; Kenya; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55163

An Illustrated Guide to Research Findings from USDA's Economic Research Service
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Economic Research Service.
This book contains a sampling of recent ERS research illustrating the breadth of the Agency’s research on current policy issues: from biofuels to food consumption to land conservation to patterns of trade for agricultural products. What you won’t find in this collection is any mention of economists’ favorite analytic tools (regression analyses, for example, and coefficients of variation). We wanted this guide to highlight results, not process. Even so, the findings on display here are all based on rigorous and robust application of such tools as well as use of the latest econometric techniques.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farm Policy; Risk Management; Food Consumption; Food Nutrition Assistance; Conservation Policy; Food Assistance and Nutrition Programs; Food Security; Agricultural Productivity in the U.S.; Farm Structure; Rural Population; Environmental Interactions; Invasive Species Management; Bioenergy; Global Food Markets; NAFTA; Organic Agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58341

Unscrambling Africa: Regional Requirements for Achieving Food Security
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Haggblade,   Steven.
Africa has inherited highly arbitrary political borders that vastly complicate current efforts to accelerate agricultural growth and reduce hunger. Because Africa’s inherited political borders arbitrarily partition agro-ecological zones and natural market sheds, current country borders serve as barriers, hampering agricultural technology transfer, hindering agricultural trade and dampening incentives for farmers and agribusinesses to invest in Africa’s many regional breadbasket zones. Feasible solutions revolve around neutralizing these deleterious effects through regional scientific networks and corridor development programs.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107458

Factors Driving the Growth in Fertilizer Consumption in Kenya, 1990-2005: Sustaining the Momentum in Kenya and Lessons for Broader Replicability in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ariga,   Joshua; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Nyoro,   James K.
The objective of this study is to identify the factors responsible for the impressive growth in fertilizer use in Kenya since market liberalization in the early 1990s. Over the past 10 years, fertilizer consumption has risen by 35%. So far, it is unknown whether smallholder farmers are responsible for this growth or whether it is being driven mainly by the large-scale and/or estate sectors. Moreover, it is important for policy makers to know whether the increased fertilizer consumption is being devoted to smallholder food crops or whether industrial crops such as tea and sugarcane are responsible for this growth. This study addresses these questions using nationwide survey data on smallholder fertilizer use patterns between 1996 and 2004. The study also...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Fertilizer Consumption; Kenya; Crop Production/Industries; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55167

Human Milk: An Invisible Food Resource
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hatloy,   Anne; Oshaug,   Arne.
Human milk is a food that meets all conditions for an infant's nutrition security and is the most important food for more than 10 percent of the population in Sub-Saharan Africa (children less than three years of age). Statistics on production of human milk at local and national levels are lacking for Africa. In this paper, the quantity of human milk production in Mali, Senegal, Nigeria, and Zimbabwe is estimated. The annual production in the urban and rural areas in a county in Mali is estimated at 13 and 17 kilograms per capita, respectively. National annual median production is estimated to be between 144,000 (Mali) and 1.3 million metric tons (Nigeria), and production per capita between 8 (Zimbabwe) and 15 kilograms per year (Mali). In Sub-Saharan...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sub-Saharan Africa; Food Security; Human Nutrition; Public health; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97292

Agricultural and Food Security Policy Analysis in Central America: Assessing Local Institutional Capacity, Data Availability, and Outcomes
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Flores,   Luis; Mather,   David.
Performance of the agricultural sector in developing countries is fundamental to ensuring robust and equitable economic growth and broad-based food security. Yet donor support to agricultural development in developing countries has declined continuously for 30 years. This same period saw dramatic deterioration in developing countries’ institutional capacity to provide services to their agricultural sectors. These trends may now be changing, due in part to the global food price crisis of 2007 and 2008 and concerns that it unleashed about the world’s ability to feed its poorest inhabitants. This paper reports on the results of a two week trip to Guatemala and Nicaragua made by Michigan State University’s Food Security Group. The purpose of the trip was to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Guatemala; Nicaragua; Food policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90991

The Effects of the Food Reserve Agency on Maize Market Prices in Zambia
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Myers,   Robert J.
This policy synthesis estimates the effects of the Zambia Food Reserve Agency’s (FRA) activities on maize market prices in the country. The FRA, a government parastatal strategic food reserve/maize marketing board, buys maize at a pan-territorial price that typically exceeds wholesale market prices in major maize producing areas. It then exports the maize or sells it domestically at prices determined by tender, at auction, or administratively. In deficit production years, the Agency often imports maize and sells it to select large-scale millers at below-market prices.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Maize; Food Security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120766

Rural Finance Policies for Food Security of the Poor: Methodologies for a Multicountry Research Project
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Ahmed,   Akhter U.; Babu,   Suresh Chandra; Broca,   Sumiter; Diagne,   Aliou; Sharma,   Manohar P.
The objective of IFPRI's multicountry research program on rural financial policies for food security of the poor is to identify policies and institutional arrangements that help the poor integrate themselves into sustainable savings and credit systems such that they have an increased capacity to invest, bear risk, and smooth consumption. The focus of the research on policy and program design and their effects on household investment and consumption requires field data collection at the institutional and household level. This paper presents the underlying conceptual framework and various methodological approaches that have been reviewed and tested by the team at IFPRI and at collaborating institutions. Methodologies are presented for analysis at the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Developing Countries; Financial Institutions; Households; Economic Aspects; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97308

Spatial Patterns of Food Staple Production and Marketing in South East Africa: Implications for Trade Policy and Emergency Response
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Haggblade,   Steven; Longabaugh,   Steven; Tschirley,   David L.
This paper aims to develop and test methods for spatial mapping of population, food production, consumption, and marketed quantities in Africa. As an initial, exploratory exercise, the paper examines the spatial pattern of population, food production, consumption, and trade in the three countries of Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique. This largely descriptive initial work will lay the empirical foundations for future analytical work modeling regional trade flows of food staples. By mapping population, food production, and trade flows, the paper aims to help policy makers better understand and anticipate spatial interactions in staple food markets. Through visual presentation of market information, these spatial mapping tools offer prospects for animating an...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Production; Marketing; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54553

Food Aid, External Trade and Domestic Markets: Implications for Food Security in Darfur
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Dorosh,   Paul A.; Subran,   Ludovic.
In the last decade, internal conflict has greatly hindered market transactions across regions of Sudan, especially transactions between Darfur and the Rest of Sudan. Food aid has helped to offset not only the absence of commercial inflows of grain, but also reductions in Darfur’s cereal production. This paper explores the determinants of cereal prices in Sudan utilizing a simple partial equilibrium framework for wheat and sorghum, the country’s two main food staples. We also present econometric evidence on the lack of integration of sorghum markets between Darfur and central Sudan, along with quantitative estimates of the impacts of food aid on market prices in the region. The paper concludes with a discussion of national food policy and the paradox of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51453

Propositions de mesures à court terme pour réduire le haut niveau des prix de certaines denrées de première nécessité notamment les céréales, le bétail-viande et le ciment
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Dembele,   Niama Nango; Traore,   Abdramane.
The high increase in the prices of cereals, meat, and building materials is due to the weakness of stocks, increased exports, and the increase of internal demand. To attenuate the effect of the high increase in the price of cereals, meat and cement, the following measures are necessary: • Import important quantities of maize • Draw down on the national security stock, in consultation with the donors. • Reduce the price of animal feeds through reduction in the price of cotton-seed from the state-run cotton ginning facilities • Reduce slaughter fees • Reduce the cost of transportation through reduction in taxes on fuel and spare parts, and • Reduce the tariff on imports of cement Elements of a medium-term strategy to hold down food prices include: • At the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Mali; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q18.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55453

Les actions de l’Université d’Etat du Michigan (MSU) au Mali à travers son projet PASIDMA (projet d’appui au système d’information décentralisé du marché agricole)
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Staatz,   John M.
Michigan State University (MSU) has been active in Mali since 1985, with its first projects focusing on the analysis of agricultural development policies and the problems related to food security in Mali. MSU contributed or contributes to: -Helping support the agricultural market information system (OMA) by providing technical assistance for the design and implementation of the market information system, staff training, and computerization. -National capacity building by developing human resources through the transfer of experiences, in-service training , and the offering of the opportunities to 4 Malian women to pursue their studies at MSU for Masters or PhD programs; -Supporting IPR by mobilizing funds to allow it to redesign its 2-year agricultural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Mali; International Development; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55454

Increasing Kenya's Agricultural Competitiveness: Farm Level Issues
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nyoro,   James K.; Wanzala,   Maria N.; Awuor,   Tom.
The objective of this paper is to address the farm level issues that affect the production costs and so the competitiveness of domestic food and commercial production. It compares domestic production prices of key food commodities with the equivalent parity prices to assess the extent to which the domestic prices for maize, wheat, and sugar, and export and domestic crops are competitive. This paper identifies and assesses the factors that influence domestic production costs. It also identifies strategies that could increase food and export crops’ productivity, by that reducing production costs and encourage competitiveness of the domestic production.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Kenya; Maize; Wheat; Sugar; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55151

Food Security and Efficacy of the Intervention Mechanism in India
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Prahadeeswaran,   M.; Ramasamy,   C.; Selvaraj,   K.N.
Rice and wheat are the two major foodgrains in India and their level of production determines the country self-sufficient. Forecasts on cereals supply range from 250 to over 300 million tones in the country by the year 2020. Mere availability of foodgrains is not a sufficient condition to ensure food security but also necessary that the poor have sufficient means to purchase food. Poor economic access leads to food security and it has been checked by the government mechanism through the operation of Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) and foodgrains are distributed at subsidized prices to the people living Below Poverty Line (BPL). It is a safety net to more than 330 million poor and those nutritionally at risk and an important delivery channel with...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Targeted Public Distribution System; Fair Price Shops; Minimum Support Price; Monte Carlo Technique; Food Security and Poverty; J21; H4; H5; O2; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25465

Lessons Learned from 25 Years of Food Security Research, Capacity-Building, and Outreach.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Food Security Group at Michigan State University.
Decades of research have led to substantially improved understanding of the nature of food insecurity. Until the food crisis of 2007/08, a combination of economic growth and targeted programs resulted in a steady fall in the percentage of the world’s population suffering from under-nutrition (from 20% in 1990/92 to 16% in 2006). Yet over a billion people still face both chronic and/or transitory food insecurity due to long-standing problems of inadequate income, low-productivity in agricultural production and marketing, and related problems of poor health and absence of clean water. Among regions of the world, the greatest number of the food insecure lives in South Asia, while Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the highest proportion of population that is food...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Research; Capacity building; Outreach; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q10; Q18; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55047

SOBERANÍA ALIMENTARIA Y SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA: ¿CONCEPTOS COMPLEMENTARIOS?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Almeida Filho,   Niemeyer; Scholz,   Vera.
En el marco de políticas dirigidas a la reducción de la desnutrición, a la erradicación del hambre y al fomento del sector rural, existen diferentes conceptualizaciones y tendencias de acuerdo a la naturaleza de sus impulsores. La Seguridad Alimentaria es uno de los términos ampliamente difundidos y avalado por Organismos Internacionales pertenecientes a Naciones Unidas. A principio de los años ´90 se desarrolla un nuevo concepto propuesto por un movimiento campesino global. Éste busca fomentar alternativas a las políticas neoliberales propias de la globalización por la que atraviesa la región. El factor común que ambos conceptos incluyen es el de Derecho a la Alimentación. ----------------------------------------------Within the framework of policies...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Soberanía Alimentaria; Seguridad Alimentaria; Derecho a la Alimentación; FAO; Food Sovereignty; Food Security; Right to Food; FAO; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109996

Developing Income Proxy Models for Use by Title II-funded NGOs in Kenya: A Technical Report for NGOs and USAID/Kenya
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Mathenge,   Mary K.
This paper details the specific procedures utilized to develop the income proxy method for Kenya NGOs, reports on the performance of the method, and brings together in one place each part of the package needed to implement the method. The next section provides general background on income proxy methods; section III reports on the full income survey that formed the basis for development of the proxy method; section IV provides details on model development, including definition of income components, the types of proxy variables tested, and the performance of the models, while section V briefly explains how the models are to be used. Finally, section VI provides an overview of the rural economy in the study zone based on the detailed income data set collected...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Income Proxy Model; Kenya; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55153

Trends in the Production, Trade, and Consumption of Food-Legume Crops in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Akibode,   Comlanvi Sitou.
Food legumes in Sub-Saharan Africa play a vital role by being a source of livelihood for millions of people; and offer tremendous potential to contribute to the alleviation of malnutrition among resource-poor farmers. They contribute to the sustainability of cropping systems and soil fertility. Cowpea and dry beans are the two main food legume crops grown in Sub-Saharan Africa. Area harvested under all food legumes was more than 20 million ha in 2006-08, representing 28% of the global food legume area harvested. Yields are low compared to other developing and developed countries; however they have increased at an annual rate of 1.6% with an increase in production of 3.9% per year. The region has stayed a net importer over the period. Price has increased 5%...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security; Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Production Economics; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114247

Implementing Rural-Urban Disaggregated Food Demand in a Partial Equilibrium Model
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mason-D'Croz,   Daniel; Magnan,   Nicholas; Msangi,   Siwa; Leroy,   Laetitia.
Global general and partial equilibrium models focused on the agricultural sector can help policy makers do ex-ante analysis by providing a variety of macro-level outcomes, such as changes in flows of international trade, and changes in the supply, demand, and prices of globally traded commodities. IFPRI’s IMPACT model (International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade) model is one such model. Since its inception nearly 20 years ago the model has evolved to inform increasingly complex and nuanced policy issues, such as the explicit modeling of water use and the productive response of agriculture to climate change.  However, on the demand side it has remained a fairly blunt instrument.  One oft mentioned shortcoming of global...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Partial Equilibrium Models; Disaggregated Food Demand; IMPACT model; Food Security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103859

Conflicts, Rural Development and Food Security in West Africa
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Flores,   Margarita.
This paper examines food security in the context of conflict in West Africa. The analysis developed in the paper recognises the importance of defining conflict type and the trends in conflict so that conflict and post-conflict policies may be implemented. The relationship between food security and conflict is analysed. Whilst conflict exacerbates food security, food insecurity can itself fuel conflict. Strategies designed to assist in post-war rehabilitation need to address key dimensions of food security: availability, access and stability. It is argued in this paper, that consideration of these three dimensions are necessary joint conditions in moving towards a reduction in the numbers of hungry. The cases of Sierra Leone and Liberia are examined to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: West Africa; Conflict; Food Security; Crisis; Hunger; Food Security and Poverty; N47; N57; O13; O18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23811

Do Farmers Really Benefit from High Food Prices? Balancing Rural Interest in Kenya's Maize Pricing and Marketing Policy
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Yamano,   Takashi; Nyoro,   James K.; Awuor,   Tom.
This paper uses information from rural household surveys in 24 districts in Kenya to inform current debate on maize pricing policy. Specifically, it sheds light on how rural farm households are being affected by governmental efforts to support maize price levels. Using information on landed import costs of white maize from South Africa with and without the import tariff, it simulates the effects of eliminating the tariff on rural smallholder farmers, large-scale farmers, and urban consumers. It then examines the implications of these findings for the design of strategies to promote agricultural productivity and rural income growth.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Kenya; Maize; Marketing; Demand and Price Analysis; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55149

Food Security and Poverty of the Rural Households In Kwara State, Nigeria
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Omotesho,   O.A.; Adewumi,   Matthew Olaniyi; Fadimula,   K.S.
A fundamental challenge the world faces today is ensuring that millions of households living in poverty have access to enough food to maintain a healthy life. Africa over the years has been looking for ways to solving the problem of food security and it is an important topic in discussions of Africa leaders. While there are national data on food security and poverty, information on rural food security and poverty are not readily available especially in Nigeria. This study, therefore, employed discriminant analysis to examine the levels and the major determinants of food security and poverty among the rural households who are the major producers of food in Nigeria. Using the basic calorie and protein requirement per capita of households, our result revealed...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Discriminant Analysis; Food Security; Nigeria; Poverty; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52203

Unscrambling Africa: Regional Requirements for Achieving Food Security
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Haggblade,   Steven.
Africa has inherited highly arbitrary political borders that vastly complicate current efforts to accelerate agricultural growth and reduce hunger. Because Africa’s inherited political borders arbitrarily partition agro-ecological zones and natural market sheds, current country borders serve as barriers, hampering agricultural technology transfer, hindering agricultural trade and dampening incentives for farmers and agribusinesses to invest in Africa’s many regional breadbasket zones. Feasible solutions revolve around neutralizing these deleterious effects through regional scientific networks and regional corridor development programs.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Markets; Technology transfer; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; R12; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97030

Rural Poverty Dynamics, Agricultural Productivity and Access to Resources
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Gamba,   Paul; Mghenyi,   Elliot W.
The objectives of this paper are: measure the prevalence of rural poverty in 1997 and 2000, based on the nationwide Tegemeo survey; categorize households according to whether they were above the poverty line in both 1997 and 2000, entered into poverty or exited from poverty between 1997 and 2000, or were above the poverty line in both years; identifies the household-level and community-level factors associated with rural poverty through econometric analysis; and the implications of these results for the design of appropriate poverty reduction strategies. Such analysis is intended to guide donor programs and interventions designed to attack the roots of chronic poverty.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Kenya; Rural Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55165

Food Insecurity in Households with Children:  Prevalence, Severity, and Household Characteristics
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nord,   Mark.
Eighty-four percent of U.S. households with children were food secure throughout 2007, meaning that they had consistent access to adequate food for active, healthy lives for all household members. Nearly 16 percent of households with children were food insecure sometime during the year, including 8.3 percent in which children were food insecure and 0.8 percent in which one or more children experienced very low food security—the most severe food-insecure condition measured by the U.S. Department of  Agriculture. Numerous studies suggest that children in food-insecure households have higher risks of health and development problems than children in otherwise similar food-secure households. This study found that about 85 percent of households with...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food insecurity; Hunger; Children; SNAP; Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program; WIC; National School Lunch Program; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58616

Weather Vulnerability, Climate Change, and Food Security in Mt. Kilimanjaro
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Muamba,   Francis; Kraybill,   David S.
This study estimates the impact of rainfall variation on livelihood in Mt. Kilimanjaro using the Ricardian approach to capture farmers’ adaptation strategies to cope with climate change risks. The data for the analysis were gathered from a random sample of over 200 households in 15 villages and precipitation from rainfall observation posts placed in each of the surveyed villages. The precipitation data provide information on the effect of moisture at critical months in the growing season. Due to prevalence of intercropping among local farmers, the present study develops a multivariate model that assumes endogeneity between crop yields.  Doing so allows the study to capture adaptation strategies that smallholders use by diversifying farm portfolio. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Precipitation Variability; Food Security; Irrigation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q1; Q5.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61655

Can the FISP More Effectively Achieve Food Production and Poverty Reduction Goals?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Burke,   William J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Sitko,   Nicholas J.
Despite being framed as a key component of the nation’s poverty reduction strategy, evidence suggests that inputs distributed under Zambia’s Farmer Input Support Programme (FISP) tend to be targeted to the least poor rural households.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Food Policy; Poverty; Food Security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123208

Household Food Security in a Subsistence Economy: Application of Translog Cost Function to Cross-sectional data in Vihiga District, Kenya
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nyangweso,   P.M.; Odhiambo,   Mark O.; Odunga; Serem,   A.K.
Vihiga, one of the poorest and densely populated districts in Kenya is perpetually food deficit (GOK, 2005). While food demand continued to rise, production fell behind both targeted production and district demand. To make matters worse food deficit situation worsened over the last decade. Rising population and competition for resources have curtailed efforts to improve household food production in the district. Unfavorable poverty indicators in the district only make matters worse. About 57.6 percent of the population and more than 50 percent of households live below absolute poverty line while 57 percent of the population and households live below food poverty line (GOK, 2005). Poor welfare indicators for Vihiga district underscore the importance and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Translog Cost Function; Vihiga; Kenya; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52216

AAMP Proceedings Report:  Trade in Food Staples: Promoting Price Stability and Food Security through Intra-Regional Trade
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
African Agricultural Markets Programme Training Workshop and Policy Seminar Nairobi, Kenya December 2008, COMMON MARKET FOR EASTERN AND SOUTHERN AFRICA
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Trade; Africa; Agriculture; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54704

Smallholder Commercialization Trends as Affected by Land Constraints in Zambia: What Are the Policy Implications?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hichaambwa,   Munguzwe; Jayne,   Thomas S.
In spite of vast expanses of the country’s land currently being uncultivated, there is increasing evidence that a surprisingly high share of rural smallholder households face land constraints that adversely affect their productivity and ability to participate in agricultural supply chains.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Poverty; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123211