Consulta: subjectFacets:"Game theory"
Registros recuperados: 32
Data/hora: 12/06/2024 14:50:37

Evaluation, scénarios et viabilité écologique et économique des pêcheries côtières tropicales : application au cas de la Guyane Française
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Cisse, Abdoul.
The need for an integrated approach to fisheries is now widely affirmed, including the FAO, in particular in the context of tropical artisanal fisheries. These small-scale fisheries, often multispecies are very important in terms of production, employment and food security. However these fisheries and the exploited resources are often characterized by a lack of data making difficult their management within an ecosystem approach, and by the ecological and economic system complexities including trophic and technological interactions. This thesis aims to contribute to the development of bioeconomic tools for small tropical fisheries in a sustainable management perspective based on the ecosystem approach. In this perspective, the French Guiana coastal fishery...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pêcherie tropicale à petite échelle; Multi-flottilles; Multispécifique; Approche ecosystémique; Analyse multivariée; Intéractions trophiques; Modélisation bioéconomique; Indicateurs bioéconomiques; Analyse de viabilité; Stochasticité; Théorie des jeux.; Tropical small-scale fishery; Multi-fleet; Multi-species; Ecosystem approach; Multivariate analysis; Trophic interactions; Bioeconomic modeling; Bio-indicators; Sustainability analysis; Stochasticity; Game theory.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00144/25492/23646.pdf

Enlargement of Trade Blocs: National Welfare Effects If Trade Is Liberalized
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Glebe,   Thilo W.; Salhofer,   Klaus.
Small countries may benefit from the formation of a trade bloc, since their combined market power will enable them to manipulate the terms of trade. The question of interest is whether countries will benefit from the enlargement of a trading bloc, if trade liberalization induces countries to substitute domestic support measures for conventional border protection. The paper deals with this question by analyzing the conditions for positive welfare effects resulting from the enlargement of a trade bloc. Based on a partial equilibrium trade model, we consider a game in production taxes/subsidies between two trade blocs. The tax/subsidy instrument may capture the production effect which can be induced by a combination of environmental, health or safety rules....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trade bloc; Trade liberalization; Game theory; European Union; International Relations/Trade; D6; F11; Q17; C7.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25529

Rent-Maximization versus Competition in the Western and Central Pacific Tuna Fishery
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hannesson,   Rognvaldur; Kennedy,   John O.S.
Where a fish stock straddles or migrates between country A's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and country B's EEZ, or the high seas, vesting ownership rights in the stock with A does not ensure efficient harvesting of the stock. This problem arises in the case of migratory tuna stocks in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO). Four species of tuna reside for only part of the year in the EEZs of coastal states, many of which are Pacific Island Countries (PICs). Most of the harvesting of the stocks is carried out by distant water fishing nations such as the USA, Japan, Taiwan, China and Korea. Problems arise for achieving efficiency and equity in the harvesting of the stocks by disparate countries. The problems are made more difficult by changes in the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bioeconomic modelling; Game theory; Optimisation; Migratory tuna; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9458

Retail and Wholesale Market Power in Organic Foods
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Acharya,   Ram N.; Molina,   Ignacio.
The demand for organic fresh fruits and vegetable continues to grow at a rate far higher than the rest of the produce industry.  The cost of meeting organic certification standards, however, has meant that supply has been slow to adjust.  With limited supply, we hypothesize that organic suppliers enjoy more market power in bargaining over their share of the retail-production cost margin for fresh apples.  We test this hypothesis using a random parameters, generalized extreme value demand model (mixed logit) combined with a structural model of retail and wholesale pricing that allows conduct to vary by product attributes (organic or non-organic) and time. We find that organic growers do indeed earn a larger share of the total margin than non-organic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Organics; Market power; Mixed logit; Game theory; Non-linear pricing.; Industrial Organization; C35; D12; D43; L13; L41; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49329

Relationship of the Interests between the Dairy Farmer and the Company in Ecological Agriculture  －A Case of the Dairy Industry in Sichuan Province, China
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Chen,   Jia-Wei; Qi,   Yan-bin.
Development status of dairy industry in Sichuan Province, China is analyzed, indicating that how to ensure the high-quality and ecological production of peasant households has become an important issue for the safety and healthy of the masses and the development of dairy industry. Game model is established and the solution for the model is obtained. Based on analyzing the relationship of the interests between the dairy farmer and the company in ecological agriculture, two mixed strategies of Nash equilibrium are obtained. One is that when the probability is equal to  , there are no differences between purchasing or not purchasing; if the probability of company purchase is equal to , there are no differences between producing high-quality milk and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Game theory; Equilibrium; High quality milking; Moral risk; China; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97625

Price and Product-Line Rivalry Among Supermarket Retailers
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.
Product-line length, or variety, is a key competitive tool used by retailers to differentiate themselves from rivals. Theoretical models of price and variety competition suggest that both store and product heterogeneity are key determinants of price and variety strategies, but none test this hypothesis in a rigorous way. This study provides the first empirical evidence on supermarket retailers' combined price and variety strategies using a nested CES modeling framework. Unlike other discrete-choice models of product differentiation, the NCES model is sufficiently general to admit both corner and interior solutions in both store and product choice.  The model is estimated using store-level scanner data for all grocery chains in a major West Coast market and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Game theory; Nested CES; Price competition; Retailing; Variety.; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28535

An Interdisciplinary Approach to White-collar Crime in the Food Sector
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hirschauer,   Norbert; Musshoff,   Oliver; Scheerer,   Sebastian.
The probability that buyers are deceived with regard to the quality or safety of purchased products (moral hazard) increases with the profits which suppliers can earn through opportunistic behaviour. It decreases with the probability and level of losses that result from disclosure of malpractice. It also decreases with protective factors rooted in the suppliers' social contexts - such as values, emotional bonds etc. - that shield them from yielding to economic temptations. This paper describes how a systematic analysis of economic incentives and social context factors can be provided through an interdisciplinary approach which combines the analytical powers of microeconomics (game theory) and criminology (control theories). The approach is discussed with...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Asymmetric information; Behavioural food risks; Control theories; Game theory; Moral hazard; Opportunistic malpractice; Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; A13; K32; K42.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25688

Econometric analysis of imperfect competition and implications for trade research
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Perloff,   Jeffrey M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Commerce; Commercial policy; Game theory; Marketing; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47252

Safeguard and Protection of Migrant Workers’ Interests from the Perspective of Game Theory
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Su,   Shi-hai; Liu,   Qian; Liu,   Ping-ping.
The status quo of the violation of migrant workers’ interests is analyzed, the results are not so optimistic. The overall situation of migrant workers’ training rights is poor; migrant workers ’rights to enjoy legal holiday are seriously violated; the working conditions and health protection measures are weak; migrant workers’ rights to get legal payment are damaged to a different degree; the social security mechanism for migrant workers is imperfect and there are still large gap between supply and demand. Combining with the relevant theories of Game theory, migrant workers’ interests obtained under the situation of entering right protection organizations and do not entering the organizations are analyzed, the results show that entering right protection...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Interests of migrant workers; Game theory; Labor union，China; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102370

Trait Stacking, Licensing, and Seed Firm Acquisitions on Genetically Modified Grains: A Strategic Analysis
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; Huso,   Scott R.
Commercialization of genetically modified (GM) traits leads to interesting strategic questions for agbiotechnology and seed firms.  The purpose of the study is to evaluate equilibrium strategies of agbiotechnology and seed firms regarding commercialization of GM traits.  Two game theory models were developed to examine equilibrium strategies.  In the first, both agbiotechnology firms have commercialization strategies of licensing or not.  In the second, the agbiotechnology firm also has the strategic option to purchase a seed form as a commercialization strategy.  Results indicate that the equilibrium strategy would be for each of the agbiotechnology firms to license their traits, and the seed firm would release a stacked trait.  However, order of play...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Acquisition; Game theory; Genetically modified; Licensing; Trait commercialization; Trait stacking; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46560

PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AND GAME THEORY
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kargol,   Aneta; Sokol,   Ewa.
Due to a lot of entities engaged in PPP, such as government (central state or local) authority or a government-owned enterprise, project sponsors, construction companies, providers of necessary equipment, plant operators, insurers, etc., they must to co-operate one another. This co-operation in some cases could be examining as a game. The better understanding of PPP games can decrease costs and potential losses. Because of relatively short time of functioning of PPP we should carefully prescribe obligations and rights of every partner and think about PPP as a co-operation, not rivalry.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Public-private partnership; Co-operation; Game theory; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58911

Teoria dos jogos e seleção de portfólio: uma proposta de adaptação ao modelo minimax e aplicação ao mercado acionário brasileiro
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Farias,   Christiano Alves; Vieira,   Wilson da Cruz; Santos,   Maurinho Luiz dos.
The objective of this paper was to compare and to analyze three portfolio selection models: Mean-Variance, Minimax and Minimax Weighted. These models were evaluated using historical data (September 1999 to August 2000, January 2001 to December 2001 and February 2002 to January 2003) obtained from the Brazilian Stock Market (Bovespa). They were selected optimal portfolios to each month based on the returns of the last twelve months. The results show that the returns obtained through the Mean-Variance model were superiors in certain circumstances and inferiors in others when compared to the Ibovespa index. The Minimax model obtained the best accumulated returns when compared with the others models and the Ibovespa index.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Portfolio selection; Mean-variance; Bovespa; Game theory; Financial Economics.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56814

Modelo Principal-Agente para contratos entre pequenos produtores e empresa exportadora de manga no Rio Grande do Norte
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Sampaio,   Luciano Menezes Bezerra.
Fruit production is an activity of great importance in the Brazilian commercial balance and even more in the Northeastern region. Intermediation is a regular practice in the fruit exporting market due to existence of requirements, such as quality certificates, and of internal problems in production and commercialization, such as credit limitations and absence of product standardization. Large companies, cooperatives, associations and NGOs receive products from many small producers and export them together with their own products. In Northeast, it is common that the exporting agent offers contracts to producers that include technical, administrative and legal assistance plus input supply. This paper proposes a model, using the principal-agent approach of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Game theory; Small producers; Irrigated fruit production; Exportation; Agribusiness; Q10; Q12; D86.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61921

The relationship between collective action and intensification of livestock production: the case of Northeastern Burkina Faso
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: McCarthy,   Nancy.
In this paper, we develop a simple game-theoretic model to explore the relationship between management of common pool resources used as an input in livestock production (common pastures) and the adoption of inputs associated with intensified per animal production (veterinary services, purchased fodder, feed concentrates, etc.). Theoretically, it is shown that better managed pastures should lead to increased adoption of complementary inputs but decrease adoption of substitute inputs; impacts on stock levels, however, are ambiguous. An empirical model is developed and applied to data collected in northeast Burkina Faso in 2000 and 2002. Results indicate that better managed pastures, proxied by community-level cooperative capacity indices, are indeed...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Burkina Faso; Game theory; Common property; Livestock; Collective action; Pastoralism; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50063

Enlargement of the European Union: A movement towards the optimal trade bloc size?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Glebe,   Thilo W.
This paper analyses how the enlargement of a trade bloc will affect national welfare.  We establish a partial equilibrium model of a trade bloc either operating as a monopoly  with a competitive fringe or facing a duopolistic game in production taxes/subsidies.  Given this framework, we demonstrate how member countries’ welfare effects depend  on their trade flow and the market power of the trade bloc. A numerical estimation of  the effects of EU enlargement on the major grain crop markets suggests that welfare  effects are negligible. Economic reasons are therefore unlikely to be a motivating force  for further enlargement.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Trade bloc; Trade liberalisation; Game theory; European Union; International Relations/Trade; D42; F11; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58061

Restrições comerciais ao complexo de soja brasileiro: estudo dos impactos dos subsídios dos Estados Unidos
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Besarria,   Cassio da Nobrega; Maia,   Sinezio Fernandes.
This study objective at investigating the Brazilian soybean complex in the period 1990 to 2006, using the theoretical model of Brander-Spencer (1984) and the instrument of strategies based on game theory. The methodology used to estimate the payoffs of the game between Brazil and the United States was the model of vector autoregression (VAR). The analysis of oligopoly, this paper will be based on the Cournot model. For the Cournot model firms produce homogeneous goods and each one considers a fixed level of production of its competitor. It was possible to measure and analyze, through non-cooperative games, the strategic decisions of Brazil to the choices facing the United States, highlighting the reaction function for the sector on soya. The results...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Trade policy; Game theory; Subsidy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95064

Emission Permits Trade of Carbon Based on the Game Theory of Double Auction
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Liu,   Na; He,   Jixin; Hou,   Ning; Gu,   Kaiping.
As the world's largest carbon resources country with relatively great carbon emission, China in has just started its carbon trade. China is only a passive participant in international carbon trading market, rarely participating in the project of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Therefore, trade market of emission permits can be divided into first and second trade markets. During the definition of emission right, we found out that the ways of emission trade at second carbon trade market is the key to the research on carbon trade, which can realize the allocation efficiency and utilization efficiency of resources. Then, feasibility of implementing auction system of emission permits trade in China is analyzed from the aspects of legal protection, technical...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Carbon emission permits; Game theory; Nash Equilibrium; Allocation efficiency; China; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56347

Modelling the impact of private quality standards on the fresh fruit and vegetable supply chains in developing countries
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Fontaine,   Damien; Gaspart,   Frederic; Frahan,   Bruno Henry de.
Stricter quality requirements and greater uses of private quality standards have a considerable impact on the fresh fruit and vegetable supply chain in developing countries. In particular, the future of small-scale production is in doubt. This paper presents a theoretical game theory model to study the impact of quality requirements on producer and consumer welfare within certified supply chains. The model shows that total producer welfare is maximized at higher quality levels where farmers who are efficient in the production of quality products participate, whilst less efficient producers are excluded. In addition, the model provides useful insights on welfare and poverty impact of increased competition and changes in private standard certification costs.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fruit and vegetables; Private quality standards; Game theory; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44378

Climate Change and Game Theory
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wood,   Peter John.
This survey paper examines the problem of achieving global cooperation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Contributions to this problem are reviewed from non-cooperative game theory, cooperative game theory, and implementation theory. Solutions to games where players have a continuous choice about how much to pollute, games where players make decisions about treaty participation, and games where players make decisions about treaty ratification, are examined. The implications of linking cooperation on climate change with cooperation on other issues, such as trade, is examined. Cooperative and non-cooperative approaches to coalition formation are investigated in order to examine the behaviour of coalitions cooperating on climate change. One way to achieve...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change negotiations; Game theory; Implementation theory; Coalition formation; Subgame perfect equilibrium; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95061

Innovation systems perspectives on developing-country agriculture: a critical review
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Spielman,   David J.
Published as Spielman, David J. 2006. A critique of innovation systems perspectives on agricultural research in developing countries. Innovation Strategy Today 2(1): 41-54. Ithaca, NY: bioDevelopments International Institute.; Published as Spielman, David J. 2006. Systems of innovation: models, methods, and future directions. Innovation Strategy Today 2(1): 55-66. Ithaca, NY: bioDevelopments International Institute.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Agricultural research; Technological innovation; Cooperation; Networks; Game theory; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59692

OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF A U.S./CANADIAN WHEAT POOL:  A GAME THEORY ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nganje,   William E.; Koo,   Won W.; Park,   Joon J.; Taylor,   Richard D.
The problem of declining wheat prices and excess supply has been the subject of recent economic studies partly because it coincides with the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform (FAIR) Act of 1996, and partly because efforts to decrease supply domestically have led to increased imports from Canada.  This paper develops a game theory optimization model of market efficiency and derives conditions under which voluntary pooling is sustained for U.S./Canadian durum and hard red spring wheat producers.  Analysis reveals that U.S. and Canadian farmers can increase farm returns with efficiency gains from pooling and by internalizing benefits from grain blending and logistics.  The model is used to analyze diverse factors affecting the sustainability of such...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Voluntary pooling; Game theory; Efficiency gains; Durum and HRS wheat marketing; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23661

Valuing Private Sector Incentives to Invest in Food Protection Measures in the Milk and Green Onion Sectors
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lewis,   Andrew; Nganje,   William E.; Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Miljkovic,   Dragan; Wilson,   William W.
This study provides a framework to value investment strategies to mitigate possible agro-terrorism occurrences in the food supply chain and to determine where these investments would reduce the most risk.  This framework is applied to two food sectors that could be at risk: milk and green onions.  Stochastic optimization is used to determine the costs and risk premiums of alternative tracking strategies.  The real options method along with a portfolio of options, also referred to as the "tomato garden" framework, is used to determine where and when alternative intervention strategies should be implemented to reduce the most risk.  Finally, policy implications are derived on the cost-risk tradeoffs, probability of attacks, and containment efforts if there...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agro-terrorism; Stochastic optimization; Real options; Game theory; Milk; Green onions; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7630

CAP Direct Payments and Distributional Conflicts Over Rented Land within Corporate Farms in the New Member States
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Latruffe,   Laure; Davidova,   Sophia.
This paper aims to investigate whether distributional issues within corporate farms in the New Member States will be exacerbated by the introduction of the CAP direct payments. The paper focuses on the specific impact of the payments on the land rented to the corporate farms by private landowners. If the latter are not satisfied with the level of rent they receive, they have the option to end their rental contract and withdraw their land from the farm. Before the accession to the EU the landowners did not have strong incentives to withdraw, as the other available opportunities were not associated with higher returns on land ownership. However, this situation might change as the landowners can now cash the direct payments themselves, providing they keep...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: CAP direct payments; Corporate farms; Distributional conflicts; Game theory; Landowners; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25242

Sales Promotion and Cooperative Retail Pricing Strategies
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Supermarket retailers make strategic pricing decisions in a high-frequency, repeated game environment both in buying and selling fresh produce. In this context, there is some question as to whether a non-cooperative equilibrium can emerge that produces margins above the competitive level. Supermarket pricing results from tacitly collusive equilibria supported by trigger price strategies played in upstream markets. Upstream activities are, in turn, driven by periodic retail price promotions. We test this hypothesis using a sample of fresh produce pricing data from 20 supermarket chains in markets distributed throughout the U.S. Our results support the existence of tacitly collusive non-cooperative equilibria in upstream and downstream markets.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Dynamics; Game theory; Nash equilibrium; Perishables; Supermarkets; Tacit collusion; Trigger prices.; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28542

Knowledge about a Species' Conservation Status and Funding for its Preservation: Analysis
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Using a species’ population to measure its conservation status, this note explores how an increase in knowledge about this status would change the public’s willingness to donate funds for its conservation. This is done on the basis that the relationship between the level of donations and a species’ conservation status satisfies stated general mathematical properties. This level of donation increases, on average, with greater knowledge of a species’ conservation status if it is endangered, but falls if it is secure. Game theory and other theory is used to show how exaggerating the degree of endangerment of a species can be counterproductive for conservation.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Conservation campaigns; Conservation funding; Conservation status; Flagship species; Game theory; Prisoners’ dilemma; Threatened species; Value of information.; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55065

Agrarökonomik zur Jahrhundertwende – Bewährtes und Unorthodoxes
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Brandes,   Wilhelm.
In this farewell lecture some concepts important for (agricultural) economics are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the Invisible Hand of Adam Smith, sunk costs, information economics, path dependency, error tolerance and redundancy. It is proposed that agricultural economists follow closely new developments in economics proper.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Equilibrium; Sunk costs; Game theory; Opportunism; Rationality; Path dependency; Error tolerance; Social rate of discount; Agricultural and Food Policy; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99010

Knowledge about a Species' Conservation Status and Funding for its Preservation: Analysis
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Using a species’ population to measure its conservation status, this note explores how an increase in knowledge about this status would change the public’s willingness to donate funds for its conservation. This is done on the basis that the relationship between the level of donations and a species’ conservation status satisfies stated general mathematical properties. This level of donation increases, on average, with greater knowledge of a species’ conservation status if it is endangered, but falls if it is secure. Game theory and other theory is used to show how exaggerating the degree of endangerment of a species can be counterproductive for conservation.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Conservation campaigns; Conservation funding; Conservation status; Flagship species; Game theory; Prisoners’ dilemma; Threatened species; Value of information.; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55088

Understanding and Managing Behavioural Risks -The Case of Food Risks Caused by Malpractice in Poultry Production
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hirschauer,   Norbert; Zwoll,   Stefan.
The probability that actors in economic relationships break rules increases with the profits they thus expect to earn. It decreases with the probability and level of short- and long-term losses resulting from disclosure. It also decreases with the level of social context factors and intrinsic values which shield actors from yielding to economic temptations. This paper assesses the relative merits of various scientific approaches concerned with risks in economic relationships and outlines their contribution to the study of opportunistic rule-breaking. Since the identification of (misdirected) economic incentives faced by firms and individuals represents the starting point for a systematic analysis of opportunism in any field, we also outline a microeconomic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Asymmetric information; Control theories; Economic misconduct; Game theory; Moral hazard; Principal-agent model; Opportunism; Protective factors; Relational risks; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; A13; K32; K42.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10287

Effects of category management on producer-retailer relationships
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hovelaque,   Vincent; Soler,   Louis-Georges; Hammoudi,   Abdelhakim.
The relationships between retailers and producers are considered for understanding the determinants of quality, variety and prices. In the food sector, some issues have been extensively studied: impacts of private labels, supply contracts, price transmission. Despite an increasing role, the implementation of “Category management” (CM) has been less studied. CM belongs to a set of methods based on the concepts of Efficient Consumer Response and Supply Chain Management which have been widely implemented by large retailers and thus have changed the relationships among actors in the food chain. As a part of this evolution, Category Captain’s concept (CC) involves a commitment between a retailer and one of the suppliers who receives decision-making power over...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Category captain; Shelf space allocation; Game theory; Stackelberg equilibrium.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58029

Environmental lobbying with imperfect public monitoring of environmental quality
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Beard,   Rodney; Mallawaarachchi,   Thilak; Salerno,   Gillian.
In this paper we present a two stage game of political lobbying for policies designed to enhance environmental quality. Unlike previous work which has tended to assume perfect monitoring of environmental quality in lobbying games we allow for imperfect monitoring of environmental quality. We characterize perfect public (politico-economic) equilibria in the game for the case of both perfect and imperfect monitoring of environmental quality and compare these with imperfect private monitoring of environmental quality. Results are discussed with respect to farmer behaviour in the context of non-point source pollution and implications for the political consequences of farm extension programmes highlighted.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Game theory; Public choice; Imperfect public monitoring; Imperfect private monitoring; Non-point source pollution; Agricultural extension; Public education; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10391

Introduction to game-theory calculations
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Orsini,   Nicola; Rizzuto,   Debora; Nante,   Nicola.
Game theory can be defined as the study of mathematical models of conflict and cooperation between intelligent and rational decision makers (Myerson 1991). Game-theory concepts apply in economy, sociology, biology, and health care, and whenever the actions of several agents (individuals, groups, or any combination of these) are interdependent. We present a new command gamet to represent the extensive form (game tree) and the strategic form (payoff matrix) of a noncooperative game and to identify the solution of a nonzero and zero-sum game through dominant and dominated strategies, iterated elimination of dominated strategies, and Nash equilibrium in pure and fully mixed strategies. Further, gamet can identify the solution of a zero-sum game through maximin...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Game theory; Nash equilibrium; Payoff matrix; Zero-sum game; Game tree; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117525

Politically Acceptable Trade Compromises Between The EC and The US: A Game Theory Approach
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Johnson,   Martin; Mahe,   Louis Adrien Pascal; Roe,   Terry L.
A model is developed to quantify the special status of agriculture in the US and the EC trade negotiations. The role of special interests are measured by a policy goals function (PGF) whose weights are estimated for each special interest group. The analysis searches for mutually acceptable, mutually advantageous trade agreements between the US and the EC using a partial equilibrium world trade model coupled with game theory. Results suggest that it is in the best interest of the US (resp. EC) 'for the EC (resp. US) to liberalize whi1e the other follows the status quo policies of 1986. Mutual gains in PGF values to both countries pursuing "large" liberalizations are unlikely to exist, although "small" liberalizations may give rise to "small" mutual gains....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Game theory; Trade liberalization; Trade negotiations; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51154