Consulta: subjectFacets:"Genetically modified organisms"
Registros recuperados: 34
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 05:49:07

Genetically Modified Organisms at the Crossroads: Comments on "Genetically Modified Crops: Risks and Promise" by Gordon Conway
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Walker, Brian; CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems; Brian.Walker@csiro.au; Lonsdale, Mark; CSIRO Entomology; mark.lonsdale@ento.csiro.au.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: GMO technology; Agriculture; Ecosystem effects; Genetically modified organisms; Indirect effects; Introduced species; Risk analysis; Risk assessment.
Ano: 2000

Semiquantitative analysis of genetically modified maize and soybean in food
Provedor de dados: Electronic Journal of Biotechnology
Autores: Cazzola,María Laura; Petruccelli,Silvana.
The aim of this study was to analyze quantitatively the presence of genetically modified organism in food with different composition and degree of processing. Total DNA was extracted by Dellaporta's method and GMO analysis was performed using two consecutives PCR reactions with specie specific primers (IVR and LE), screening primers (35S) and transgen specific primers (CRY and EPSPS). The quantification within the sensitivity establish by the EU was possible only in some foods (ice-cream, flours, soybean isolates and concentrates, starch). Samples with high lipid content or subjected to intense thermal treatments (such as some snacks, mayonnaise, creamy soup) could not be amplified mainly due to the presence of PCR inhibitors. Therefore the method was...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bt maize; Genetically modified organisms; Semi-quantitative PCR; RR-soybean; Transgenic food.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582006000300028

The influence of intelligence and emotions on the acceptability of genetically modified organisms
Provedor de dados: Electronic Journal of Biotechnology
Autores: Sorgo,Andrej; Jausovec,Norbert; Jausovec,Ksenija; Puhek,Miro.
The purpose of the study was to explore the relation between the acceptance of genetically modified organisms, basic emotions, general (IQ), verbal (VIQ) and procedural (PIQ) intelligence. The sample comprised 123 students of psychology (N = 65; 52.8%) and pre-service teachers (N = 58; 47.2%). There were 52 (42.3%) females and 71 males (57.7%) from one of the Slovenian universities. The conclusions of the study are as follows: a) acceptability of genetically modified organisms cannot be considered as a single group, but each GMO should be considered separately. Plants and microorganisms are much more easily to be accepted than animals and usages others than for food are more acceptable. Females showed higher level of acceptance than males. b) Among...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Acceptability; Emotions; Genetically modified organisms; Intelligence.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582012000100001

Bt protein rhizosecreted from transgenic maize does not accumulate in soil
Provedor de dados: Electronic Journal of Biotechnology
Autores: Margarit,Ezequiel; Reggiardo,Martín I; Permingeat,Hugo R.
The persistence of CryIAb protein rhizosecreted in soil is important in the assessment of its environmental risk. Here we report that CryIAb protein from transgenic maize does not accumulate at high levels in soils. Levels of CryIAb protein rhizosecreted by three maize transgenic events (BT11, MON810 and 176) were studied in hydroponic cultures and found only in the MON810 and BT11 events but not in event 176 or control plants. Under field conditions, the cryIAb gene and a basal level of CryIAb protein was detected in soils from plots cultivated with transgenic and non-transgenic maize, possibly from Bacillus thuringiensis present in the soils.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: CryIAb gene; CryIAb protein; ELISA; Genetically modified organisms; PCR; Zea mays (L.).
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582008000200004

The relationship among knowledge of, attitudes toward and acceptance of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) among Slovenian teachers
Provedor de dados: Electronic Journal of Biotechnology
Autores: Sorgo,Andrej; Ambrozis-Dolinsek,Jana.
The objective of this study was to investigate knowledge about, opinions on and attitudes toward and finally readiness to accept genetically modified organisms (GMO) among Slovenian teachers. On average, they have higher levels of knowledge in classical genetics, and poor levels of knowledge about modern issues in biotechnology, and their attitudes toward GMOs are not extreme. They make decisions based on the acceptability of a particular GMO and not on GMOs in general, following two patterns: genetic modifications (GM) microorganisms and plants are more acceptable than animals, and GMOs are more acceptable if they can not be used directly for consumption and produce something recognized as useful. The relationship among knowledge of, attitudes towards and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Acceptance; Attitudes; Biotechnology; Education; Genetically modified organisms; Knowledge.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582009000400001

Metodologia para transformação de soja via Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: KANAMORI, N.; MERTZ-HENNING, L. M.; MARIN, S. R. R.
bitstream/item/161327/1/CT-128.pdf
Tipo: Circular Técnica (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Organismo transgênico; Soja; Soybeans; Genetically modified organisms; Genetically modified plants.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1071918

Manual de biossegurança da Embrapa Meio Ambiente: boas práticas na manipulação e condução de experimentos com organismos geneticamente modificados (OGM), do Grupo 1 e seus derivados.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: CAPALBO, D. M. F.; JONSSON, C. M.; MENDES, R.; PENTEADO, A. L.; PRADO, S. de S.; MOLTOCARO, R. C. R.
Resumo: Este manual constitui um guia orientador para informar, atualizar e despertar o senso crítico dos empregados e colaboradores da Embrapa Meio Ambiente durante a realização das suas atividades de pesquisa que envolvem organismos geneticamente modificados (OGM) e seus derivados.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Organismo geneticamente modificado; OGM; Biossegurança; Genetically modified organisms.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1045317

Lay and scientific categorizations of new breeding techniques: Implications for food policy and genetically modified organism legislation
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Debucquet, Gervaise; Baron, Regis; Cardinal, Mireille.
The rapid development of new genetic breeding techniques is accompanied by a polarized debate around their risks. Research on the public perception of these techniques lags behind scientific developments. This study tests a method for revealing laypeople’s perceptions and attitudes about different genetic techniques. The objectives are to enable laypeople to understand the key principles of new genetic breeding techniques and to permit a comparison of their modes of classification with those of scientific experts. The combined method of a free sorting task and focus groups showed that the participants distinguished the techniques that did not induce any change in DNA sequence, and applied two different logics to classify the other breeding techniques: a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Food policy; Genetically modified organism regulation; Genetically modified organisms; Lay categorization; New breeding techniques; And public understanding.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00634/74604/74979.pdf

Use of Genetically Improved and Alien Species for Aquaculture and Conservation of Aquatic Biodiversity in Africa
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Starting from a small base, aquaculture production in Africa registered annual growth rates equal to or above those in other regions. This expansion was due to signifi cant increases in a few African countries. Increasing demand coupled with rapidly dwindling catches from capture fi sheries, the implementation of novel participatory approaches to technology development and transfer, and the emergence of a few successful large-scale tilapia culture operations directed at the export market offer opportunities for further expansion in both the small-scale and large-scale commercial sectors. Existing biotechnical, economic and institutional challenges, which include lack of national policies to guide aquaculture development, unfriendly investment policies, the...
Tipo: Proceedings Paper
Palavras-chave: Genetics; Aquaculture; Aquaculture engineering; Genetically modified organisms; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34285.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/295

A simple and reliable method for the screening of transgenic tobacco plants
Provedor de dados: Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
Autores: Freitas-Astua,Juliana; Astua-Monge,Gustavo; Polston,Jane Elisabeth; Hiebert,Ernest.
Even though much improvement has been made in plant transformation methods, the screening of transgenic plants is often a laborious work. Most approaches for detecting the transgene in transformed plants are still timeconsuming, and can be quite expensive. The objective of this study was to search for a simpler method to screen for transgenic plants. The infiltration of kanamycin (100 mg/mL) into tobacco leaves resulted in conspicuous chlorotic spots on the non-transgenic plant leaves, while no spots were seen on the leaves of transformed plants. This reaction occurred regardless of age of the tested plants, and the method has proven to be simple, fast, non-destructive, relatively cheap, and reliable. These results were comparable to those obtained by the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Kanamycin; Genetically modified organisms; Transgenic plants; Testing.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2003000700015

MODELING INTERNATIONAL TRADE IMPACTS OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED WHEAT INTRODUCTIONS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: DeVuyst,   Eric A.; Koo,   Won W.; DeVuyst,   Cheryl Sinn; Taylor,   Richard D.
Planned introductions of genetically modified crop varieties can be troublesome to model. Estimation of demand and supply equations is not feasible due to lack of data. Further, specifying demand and supply equations requires calibration to a presumed equilibrium. Depending on the point chosen, highly questionable results may be obtained. We propose a model that uses existing supply, demand, and elasticity estimates. The approach relies on composite supply and demand functions. These composite functions are linear combinations of GM and non-GM varieties. We then employ this approach in a model of world wheat trade to analyze the impact of several plausible GM wheat adoption and consumer acceptability scenarios.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International trade; Genetically modified organisms; Producer surplus; Consumer surplus; Welfare; Transportation cost; International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23550

Italian Consumer Acceptance of Nutritionally Enhanced GM Food
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Canavari,   Maurizio; Tisselli,   Farid; Nayga,   Rodolfo M., Jr.; Scarpa,   Riccardo.
The aim of this article is to evaluate Italian consumers’ acceptance and willingness to purchase GM foods based on the type of benefit (input vs output trait) and product (plant based vs animal based). Two surveys were administered in two consecutive years (2004 and 2005) and the data used to test for possible changes in consumer acceptance. The results of a multinomial logit analysis suggest that on average consumer acceptance for plant-based GM food was higher in 2005. This study confirmed the key role of information strategies to consumers, with the most relevant results being the role distorted information play in raising the consumer’s level of fear and perceived risk. Respondents also place a higher level of confidence on scientists who are generally...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food; Genetically modified organisms; Consumer acceptance; Willingness to buy; Nutritionally enhanced food products; Consumer/Household Economics; Marketing; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51651

How do GM / non GM coexistence regulations affect markets and welfare?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Desquilbet,   Marion; Poret,   Sylvaine.
This paper presents a theoretical economic model assessing the effect of the level of mandatory genetically modified (GM) / non-GM coexistence regulations on market and welfare outcome. We assume vertical differentiation of GM and non-GM goods on the consumer side. Producers are heterogeneous in their cost savings from GMO adoption. Producers of non-GM crops face a probability of having their harvest downgraded if gene flow from GM fields makes its GMO content above the labeling threshold. The government may impose to GMO producers mandatory ex ante isolation distances from non-GM fields in order to decrease the probability of non-GM harvest downgrading. It may also introduce an ex post compensation to non-GMO farmers for profit losses due to harvest...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; Coexistence; Identity preservation; Regulation; Liability; Vertical differentiation; Law and economics; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114757

Biotech--Who Wins? Economic Benefits and Costs of Biotechnology Innovations in Agriculture
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Moschini,   GianCarlo.
The conceptual model necessary for an assessment of biotechnology's economic benefits and costs is outlined, emphasizing the need to account for the proprietary nature of biotechnology innovations. The model is illustrated with an application to Roundup Ready soybeans. The estimated value of this innovation is sizeable, with consumers and innovators claiming the largest shares of net benefits. Also, disparities in intellectual property rights protection across countries affect the distribution of benefits. Consumer resistance toward GMOs and the issue of labelling and market segregation complicate the economic evaluation of biotechnology innovations; a number of related regulation and public policy issues are discussed. Emerging output-trait GMOs are...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetically modified organisms; Identity preservation; Intellectual property rights; R&amp;D; Transgenic crops; Welfare evaluation; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23862

Agricultural Sustainability and the Introduction of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
In order to cater for the predicted growth in global population and aspirations for increased living standards, the world needs to increase substantially its level of agricultural production and sustain agriculture’s increased productivity. New technologies may enable this to occur but they also bring with them increased sustainability problems. There are many complex dimensions to achieving agricultural sustainability such as deciding on what agricultural attributes are worth sustaining and considering what trade-offs in objectives are required. These issues are discussed from a conceptual point of view. It is also shown using economic theory that market-based agriculture limits the opportunity for individual farmers to adopt sustainable agricultural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Agricultural sustainability; Biodiversity; Co-evolution; Economic sustainability; Genetically modified organisms; GMOs; Monopolisation; Patents; Social sustainability.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q000; Q010; Q200; Q300; Q500; Q570.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55335

COSTS AND RISKS OF TESTING AND SEGREGATING GM WHEAT
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; Dahl,   Bruce L.
Development of genetically modified crops is challenging the functions of the grain marketing system with many participants arguing for Identity Preservation systems prior to release of GM varieties.  In this study, a stochastic optimization model was developed to determine optimal testing strategies.  The model chooses the optimal testing strategy that maximizes utility (minimizes disutility) of additional system costs due to testing and rejection and allows estimation of the risk premium required for sellers to undertake a dual marketing system with GM/Non-GM segregations over the current Non-GM system.  Elements of costs (testing costs, rejection costs, and risk premium) were estimated for a base model representing a grain export chain.  The model...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; Biotechnology; Wheat; Risk; Segregation; Identity preservation; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23480

Economics, Ecology and GMOs: Sustainability, Precaution and Related Issues
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Ecological, evolutionary and economic issues involved in introducing genetically modified organisms (GMOs), mainly in agriculture, are discussed. The ecological and evolutionary impacts identified hamper (economic) valuation of GMOs and their biosafety regulation and creates difficulties for planning for sustainable development. Assessment of the desirability of releasing GMOs is difficult because of lack of communal agreement about the risks involved, about how much precaution should be exercised given collective risks, and disagreement on the appropriate social criterion to apply. Changes in legal liability are not always economic and cannot eliminate the social conflict generated by GMOs. The economics of developing and marketing GMOs is explored,...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Biosafety; Genetically modified organisms; GMOs; Intellectual property rights; Market structure; Sustainable development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122726

BIOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE: IMPLICATIONS FOR FARM-LEVEL RISK MANAGEMENT
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Makki,   Shiva S.; Somwaru,   Agapi; Harwood,   Joy L.
This study examines the risks associated with adoption of biotech crops and discusses their implications for risk management at the farm level. We develop an analytical risk evaluation matrix framework to illustrate changes in production and marketing risks of biotech and non-biotech crops. Price uncertainty generated by consumer concerns is the major risk facing biotech farmers, while cross-pollination with biotech crops and preservation of non-biotech status are major concerns for non-biotech farmers. Improved market infrastructure to handle biotech products and modification of the current risk management tools to accommodate new risks are essential in reducing the farm-level risks.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetically modified organisms; Marketing risks; Production risks; Risk evaluation matrix; Risk management; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14683

Comparative analysis of the national biosafety regulatory systems in East Africa
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jaffe,   Gregory.
This paper analyzes the current and proposed biosafety systems in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda using a set of components and characteristics common to functional and protective biosafety regulatory systems. It also assesses how those systems take into account the major international legal obligations that relate to biosafety, such the Cartagena Biosafety Protocol. The paper identifies certain areas in each country’s biosafety regulatory systems where further development and clarification would improve the biosafety system, making it more functional and protective. Those areas include: (1) the addition of procedures to ensure the food safety of genetically engineered organisms; (2) the inclusion of the standard and criteria for making an approval decision;...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Biosafety; Food safety; Genetically modified organisms; Genetic engineering; Regulatory systems; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55425

Economic Benefits and Costs of Biotechnology Innovations in Agriculture
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Moschini,   GianCarlo.
The conceptual model necessary for an assessment of biotechnology's economic benefits and costs is outlined, emphasizing the need to account for the proprietary nature of biotechnology innovations. The model is illustrated with an application to Roundup Ready soybeans. The estimated value of this innovation is sizeable, with consumers and innovators claiming the larger share of net benefits. Also, disparities in intellectual property rights protection across countries affect the distribution of benefits. Consumer resistance toward genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and the issues of labeling and market segregation complicate the economic evaluation of biotechnology innovations, and a number of related regulation and public policy issues are discussed....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetically modified organisms; Identity preservation; Intellectual property rights; R&amp;D; Transgenic crops; Welfare evaluation; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18413

AN INITIAL LOOK AT THE TOKYO GRAIN EXCHANGE NON-GMO SOYBEAN CONTRACT
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Parcell,   Joseph L.
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) such as soybeans and corn have garnered considerable consumer attention due to the concern over potential effects from using these commodities as inputs into food production. In the simplest form, segregation of bioengineered and non-bioengineered crops is an identity-preserved system. For these identity-preserved systems to exist, there must be a market discovery mechanism in place whereby supply and demand factors interact to establish a market price. In May 2000, the Tokyo Grain Exchange began a nongenetically modified organism (non-GMO) soybean contract. This article describes information garnered from the first public-offered identity-preserved marketplace.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetically modified organisms; Identity-preserved markets; Non-GMO; Soybean contract; Tokyo Grain Exchange; Marketing.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14684

Quasi-option values for enhanced information regarding genetically modified foods
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Donaghy,   Peter; Rolfe,   John; Bennett,   Jeffrey W.
Issues concerning the long-term environmental and health risks associated with the production of genetically modified foods remain highly topical in Australia. It is unclear how consumers values for a precautionary approach to the release of genetically modified crops compares to the opportunity costs of forgoing economic growth associated with the use of these technologies. In this paper, an application of the contingent valuation method is reported. That technique was used to estimate quasi-option values held by consumers regarding a potential five year moratorium on the use of genetic modification in Australian agriculture. The results are compared to the estimated opportunity costs of imposing such a ban o Queensland consumers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Quasi-option values; Genetically modified organisms; Contingent valuation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58403

Student Response to Transgenic Meat:  An analysis of a Fort Valley State University Survey
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ibrahim,   Mohammed; Brewer,   Alex; Johnson,   Filton; Whitehead,   Jackie.
The study examines the factors the factors that influence Fort Valley State University students’ willing to purchase transgenic meat. Results show that respondents who said they read labels when shopping were more likely to purchase transgenic meat. Results also suggest that respondents who trust scientists to tell them the truth about transgenic meat were more likely to purchase transgenic meat.  Respondents who identified themselves as sophomores, however, were less likely to consume transgenic meat.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Transgenic meat; Willingness to accept; Biotechnology; Genetically modified organisms; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56766

COSTS AND RISKS OF TESTING AND SEGREGATING GM WHEAT - SUMMARY
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; Dahl,   Bruce L.
Development of genetically modified crops is challenging the functions of the grain marketing system with many participants arguing for Identity Preservation (IP) systems prior to release of GM varieties.  In this study, a stochastic optimization model was developed to determine optimal testing strategies.  The model chooses the optimal testing strategy that maximizes utility (minimizes disutility) of additional system costs due to testing and rejection and allows estimation of the risk premium required for sellers to undertake a dual marketing system with GM/Non-GM segregations over the current Non-GM system.  Elements of costs (testing costs, rejection costs, and risk premium) were estimated for a base model representing a grain export chain.  The model...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; Biotechnology; Wheat; Risk; Segregation; Identity preservation; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23502

Segregation of Grain Markets: Consequences for Price Behavior
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: McNew,   Kevin; Smith,   Vincent H.
The introduction of genetically modified grain and oilseed products at the farm level and resistance for these products by consumer groups have led to segmentation in grain markets. This study explores the implications for market price behavior for a segregated soybean market for genetically modified (GM) and non-GM varieties. A stochastic dynamic simulation model of production and storage is solved, and Monte Carlo simulation procedures are used to examine price behavior between GM and non-GM soybeans. The results suggest important differences in price behavior between GM and non-GM soybeans. The results obtained in the model simulations are compared with evidence from the Tokyo Grain Exchange, where non-GM and GM soybean futures contracts have traded...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; Soybeans; Storage; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30722

Trade Impact of European Measures on GMOs Condemned by the WTO Panel
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Disdier,   Anne-Celia; Fontagne,   Lionel.
In May 2003, the United States, Canada and Argentina launched a World Trade Organization (WTO) case against the European Union concerning its authorization regime for biotech products. In November 2006, the WTO condemned this regime. Using a gravity equation, we estimate the reduction of exports from the complainants to the European Union for potentially affected products. Our results suggest that the European moratorium and product-specific measures have a negative effect on trade, as well as safeguard measures adopted by Germany, Italy and Greece.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; WTO dispute settlement; Gravity equation; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44392

Potential Adoption of Genetically Modified Rapeseed in France, Effects on Revenues of Farmers and Upstream Companies: an ex ante evaluation
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Desquilbet,   Marion; Lemarie,   Stephane; Levert,   Fabrice.
In this paper, we conduct an empirical investigation of potential adoption of herbicide-tolerant (HT) genetically modified (GM) rapeseed in France. Our aim is to study ex ante the potential impact of their adoption in France, in terms of adoption level, economic gains, and distribution of these gains between farmers and input suppliers. We use French survey data about current plant protection practices, in order to compute pesticide costs with conventional (i.e., non GM) crops for individual farms. Then, based on results of technical studies about GM variety trials in France, we compute a predicted pesticide cost with the GM variety. Next, we study adoption rates and gains or losses of farmers (adopters and non adopters) and upstream companies (sellers of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; Innovation; Diffusion; Rapeseed; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24975

THE ECONOMICS OF VALUE ENHANCED CROPS: AN ANALYSIS OF BENEFIT SHARING IN THE U.S.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jefferson,   Kenrett Y.; Traxler,   Greg.
The introduction of a second wave of product quality GMOs has the potential to provide new momentum to the agricultural biotechnology industry.  The challenge facing the industry is to generate innovations that will allow them to offer a large adoption incentive while capturing sufficient revenues to support R&amp;D investment.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Value enhanced crops; Genetically modified organisms; Monopsony markets; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19619

GM crop technology and trade restraints: economic implications for Australia and New Zealand
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Anderson,   Kym; Jackson,   Lee Ann.
How much might the potential economic benefit from enhanced farm productivity associated with crop biotechnology adoption by Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) be offset by a loss of market access abroad for crops that may contain genetically modified (GM) organisms? This paper uses the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model to estimate effects of other countries’ GM policies without and with ANZ farmers adopting GM varieties of various grains and oilseeds. The gross economic benefits to ANZ from adopting GM crops under a variety of scenarios could be positive even if the strict controls on imports from GM-adopting countries by the European Union are maintained, but not if North-East Asia also applied such trade restaints. From those gross economic...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Computable general equilibrium; Genetically modified organisms; Regulation; Trade policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118502

Who pays the costs of non-GMO segregation and identity preservation?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Desquilbet,   Marion; Bullock,   David S.
This paper proposes an analytical framework to examine the market and welfare impacts of GMOs, when some consumers refuse genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and when two supply channels are segregated (one for goods that containing GMOs and one for non-genetically-modified identity-preserved goods). Our analytical framework begins at the level of individual farmers, handlers and consumers, to build up market supply and demand functions. This allows us to circumvent the difficulties of conducting supply and demand analysis in the different horizontally and vertically related markets concerned by GMOs and market segregation. We represent explicitly the costs of non-GMO segregation and identity preservation (IP) for both producers of non-GM IP goods and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; Consumers'; Non genetically modified product; Segregation; Innovation; Multi-market analysis; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24973

Biological characteristics of black armyworm Spodoptera cosmioides on genetically modified soybean and corn crops that express insecticide Cry proteins
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Entomologia
Autores: Silva,Gabriela Vieira; de Freitas Bueno,Adeney; Bortolotto,Orcial Ceolin; dos Santos,Antônio César; Pomari-Fernandes,Aline.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the development and reproduction of the black armyworm, Spodoptera cosmioides when larvae fed on leaves of Bt-corn hybrids, expressing a single Cry1F and also Cry1F, Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2 in pyramided corn and their non-Bt-isoline (hybrid 2B688), as well as on leaves of two soybean isolines expressing the Cry1Ac protein and its non-Bt isoline (A5547-227). We also assessed the effect of these Bt and non-Bt plants on the leaf consumption rate of S. cosmioides larvae. This pest was unable to develop when fed on any of the corn isolines (Bt and non-Bt). When both 1st and 3rd instar larvae were fed on corn leaf, mortality was 100% in both Bt and non-Bt corn. In contrast, when corn leaves were offered to 5th instar larvae,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Black armyworm; Genetically modified organisms; Non-target pests; Plant resistance.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262016000300255

GMOs: building the future on the basis of past experience
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: Reis,Luiz F.L.; Van Sluys,Marie-Anne; Garratt,Richard C.; Pereira,Humberto M.; Teixeira,Mauro M.
Biosafety of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and their derivatives is still a major topic in the agenda of government and societies worldwide. The aim of this review is to bring into light that data that supported the decision taken back in 1998 as an exercise to stimulate criticism from the scientific community for upcoming discussions and to avoid emotional and senseless arguments that could jeopardize future development in the field. It must be emphasized that Roundup Ready® soybean is just one example of how biotechnology can bring in significant advances for society, not only through increased productivity, but also with beneficial environmental impact, thereby allowing more rational use of agricultural pesticides for improvement of the soil...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biosafety; Genetically modified organisms; Transgene.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652006000400005

Are good ideas enough?: The impact of socio-economic and regulatory factors on GMO commercialisation
Provedor de dados: Biological Research
Autores: Vàzquez-Salat,Núria.
In recent years scientific literature has seen an increase in publications describing new transgenic applications. Although technically-sound, these promising developments might not necessarily translate into products available to the consumer. This article highlights the impact of external factors on the commercial viability of Genetically Modified (GM) animals in the pharmaceutical and food sectors. Through the division of the production chain into three Policy Domains -Science, Market and Public- I present an overview of the broad range of regulatory and socio-economic components that impacts on the path towards commercialisation of GM animals. To further illustrate the unique combination of forces that influence each application, I provide an in-depth...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; GM animals; Policy domains; Governance; Socio-economic factors.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602013000400002

Genetically modified crops in Chile
Provedor de dados: Ciencia e Investigación Agraria, Revista Latinoamericana en Ciencias de la Agricultura
Autores: Salazar,Erika; Montenegro,Gloria.
The economical, environmental and social impacts associated with genetically modified (GM) crops are supported by the increased use of GM species by farmers. This increase in the use of GM species has included a global increase in both the number of hectares with GM crops and the number of countries using this technology. However, the use of GM crops has some drawbacks, due to the environmental risks associated with some of the events and social risks related to intellectual property rights issues and the monopoly associated with this technology. An overview of the current status of the use of GM crops in relation to the production, benefits, associated risks, intellectual property rights, legislation and regulatory framework is presented, focusing in the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; Regulatory framework; Intellectual property; Chile.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300003