Consulta: subjectFacets:"Habitat fragmentation"
Registros recuperados: 39
Data/hora: 13/06/2024 16:26:04

Effects of Roads and Traffic on Wildlife Populations and Landscape Function: Road Ecology is Moving toward Larger Scales
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: van der Ree, Rodney; University of Melbourne; rvdr@unimelb.edu.au; van der Grift, Edgar A.; Alterra, Wageningen UR, Netherlands; edgar.vandergrift@wur.nl; Clevenger, Anthony P.; Western Transportation Institute, Montana State University, USA; apclevenger@gmail.com.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Animal movement; Animal-vehicle collisions; Barrier effect; Ecological threshold; Gene flow; Habitat fragmentation; Mitigation; Population viability analysis; Road ecology; Road-effect zone; Traffic mortality; Traffic noise; Traffic volume; Transportation planning.
Ano: 2011

Behavioral Responses of Northern Leopard Frogs (Rana pipiens) to Roads and Traffic: Implications for Population Persistence
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Bouchard, Julie; Geomatics and Landscape Ecology Research Lab, Department of Biology, Carleton University; julie.bouchard@mail.mcgill.ca; Ford, Adam T.; Geomatics and Landscape Ecology Research Lab, Department of Biology, Carleton University; atford@gmail.com; Eigenbrod, Felix E; Geomatics and Landscape Ecology Research Lab, Department of Biology, Carleton University; felix.eigenbrod@gmail.com; Fahrig, Lenore; Geomatics and Landscape Ecology Research Lab, Department of Biology, Carleton University; lenore_fahrig@carleton.ca.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Breeding dispersal; Habitat fragmentation; Highway; Migration; Movement; Road avoidance; Road mortality.
Ano: 2009

Concomitant Patterns in Avian and Mammalian Body Length Changes in Denmark
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Schmidt, Niels Martin; Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University; nms@kvl.dk; Jensen, Per Moestrup; Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University; pmj@kvl.dk.
We gathered length data on 61 Danish breeding birds from the past 200 years, and related the pattern of change to present body mass and other ecological parameters. Body mass was the only parameter significantly correlated with the rate of change, and the emerging pattern in the rate of change followed the island rule. That is, smaller species have become larger and vice versa, while the medium-sized species remain essentially unchanged. The suggested optimal body mass was around 85 g. Though orders of magnitude lower, the pattern in avian body size change was similar to that of Danish mammals. Our analyses suggest that increasing habitat fragmentation leads to altered body size towards being medium-sized in Danish vertebrates. The changing landscape,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Body length; Habitat fragmentation; Island biogeography; Island rule; Aves; Reproductive output; Migration; Feeding category; Competition; Avoidance; Tolerance.
Ano: 2005

Effects of protected area downsizing on habitat fragmentation in Yosemite National Park (USA), 1864 &amp;#8211; 2014
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Golden Kroner, Rachel E.; Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University; Betty and Gordon Moore Center for Science, Conservation International; rachelelizabethgolden@gmail.com; Krithivasan, Roopa; Department of Geography, Clark University; rkrithivasan@clarku.edu; Mascia, Michael B.; Betty and Gordon Moore Center for Science, Conservation International; m.mascia@conservation.org.
Protected area downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement (PADDD) has been documented worldwide, but its impacts on biodiversity are poorly understood. To fill this knowledge gap, we reviewed historical documents to identify legal changes that altered the boundaries of Yosemite National Park. We identified two downsizes and five additions between 1905 and 1937 that reduced the size of Yosemite National Park by 30%. To examine the effects of these downsizing events on habitat fragmentation by roads, we compared protected, never-protected, and downsized lands at three spatial scales using four habitat fragmentation metrics: road density, fragment (land surrounded by roads) area-to-perimeter ratio, fragment area, and fragment density. In general, lands that...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Downsizing; Governance; Habitat fragmentation; PADDD; Protected areas; Yosemite National Park.
Ano: 2016

Modeling the Effect of Traffic Calming on Local Animal Population Persistence
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: van Langevelde, Frank; Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University; frank.vanlangevelde@wur.nl; Jaarsma, Catharinus F.; Land Use Planning Group, Wageningen University; rinus.jaarsma@wur.nl.
A steady growth in traffic volumes in industrialized countries with dense human populations is expected, especially on minor roads. As a consequence, the fragmentation of wildlife populations will increase dramatically. In human-dominated landscapes, typically minor roads occur in high densities, and animals encounter them frequently. Traffic calming is a new approach to mitigate negative impacts by reducing traffic volumes and speeds on minor roads at a regional scale. This leads to a distinction between roads with low volumes as being part of the traffic-calmed area, whereas roads with bundled traffic are located around this area. Within the traffic-calmed area, volumes and speeds can be decreased substantially; this is predicted to decrease the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Habitat fragmentation; Metapopulation theory; Mitigation; Road ecology; Traffic calming; Transportation planning.
Ano: 2009

Changes in Mammalian Body Length over 175 Years&amp;#8212;Adaptations to a Fragmented Landscape?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Schmidt, Niels Martin; Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University; nms@kvl.dk; Jensen, Per Moestrup; Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University; pmj@kvl.dk.
The potential consequences of anthropogenic habitat fragmentation on species diversity and extinction have drawn considerable attention in recent decades. In many cases, traditional island biogeography theory has been applied to explain the observed patterns. Here, we propose that habitat fragmentation as a selective force can be traced in mammalian body length changes. By exploring historical sources, we are able to show that the body length of Danish mammals has altered over a period of 175 years, possibly in response to increasing habitat fragmentation. The rate of body length change was generally lowest in medium-sized mammals, and increased with both smaller and larger body mass. Small mammals have generally increased, whereas large mammals have...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Body length; Habitat fragmentation; Island biogeography; Island rule; Mammalia; Reproductive capacity; Size-specific mortality; Traffic.
Ano: 2003

Mechanisms Affecting Population Density in Fragmented Habitat
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Tischendorf, Lutz; ELUTIS Modelling and Consulting Inc.; lutz.tischendorf@gmx.net; Grez, Audrey; Universidad de Chile; agrez@uchile.cl; Fahrig, Lenore; Carleton University; lfahrig@ccs.carleton.ca.
We conducted a factorial simulation experiment to analyze the relative importance of movement pattern, boundary-crossing probability, and mortality in habitat and matrix on population density, and its dependency on habitat fragmentation, as well as inter-patch distance. We also examined how the initial response of a species to a fragmentation event may affect our observations of population density in post-fragmentation experiments. We found that the boundary-crossing probability from habitat to matrix, which partly determines the emigration rate, is the most important determinant for population density within habitat patches. The probability of crossing a boundary from matrix to habitat had a weaker, but positive, effect on population density. Movement...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Boundary crossing; Emigration; Habitat fragmentation; Immigration; Modeling; Movement; Population density; Simulation; Time scale.
Ano: 2005

Why Did the Snake Cross the Road? Effects of Roads on Movement and Location of Mates by Garter Snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis)
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Shine, Richard; University of Sydney; rics@bio.usyd.edu.au; Lemaster, Michael; ; lemasterm@mail.science.orst.edu; Wall, Michael; ; mwall@bio.usyd.edu.au; Langkilde, Tracy; ; langkild@bio.usyd.edu.au; Mason, Robert; ; masonr@science.oregonstate.edu.
If animals avoid road surfaces or are unable to follow conspecific trails across such surfaces, previously continuous populations may be fragmented. We gathered data on the effects of a small (4-m wide) gravel road on the behavior and trail-following abilities of garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis) in Manitoba, central Canada. As expected, the road surface had less vegetation cover, a more open canopy and, thus, higher incident radiation than did the surrounding grassland. Contrary to expectations, however, substrate temperatures were lower on the road than in its surrounds, because of the higher reflectivity of the road's surface. On a nearby asphalt road, substrate temperatures were relatively high on the road surface only in the evening, as...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Behavior; Connectivity; Habitat fragmentation; Pheromones; Reproduction; Reptile.
Ano: 2004

Habitat Fragmentation and Native Bees: a Premature Verdict?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cane, James H; USDA-ARS; jcane@biology.usu.edu.
Few studies directly address the consequences of habitat fragmentation for communities of pollinating insects, particularly for the key pollinator group, bees (Hymenoptera: Apiformes). Bees typically live in habitats where nesting substrates and bloom are patchily distributed and spatially dissociated. Bee studies have all defined habitat fragments as remnant patches of floral hosts or forests, overlooking the nesting needs of bees. Several authors conclude that habitat fragmentation is broadly deleterious, but their own data show that some native species proliferate in sampled fragments. Other studies report greater densities and comparable diversities of native bees at flowers in some fragment size classes relative to undisrupted habitats, but find...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Apoidea; Bees; Conservation; Diversity; Habitat fragmentation; Land-use change; Pollination; Pollinator; Statistics; Taxonomy.
Ano: 2001

Beyond Roadkill, Radiotracking, Recapture and FST&amp;#8212;a Review of Some Genetic Methods to Improve Understanding of the Influence of Roads on Wildlife
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Simmons, Jody M; Monash University; Australian Centre for Biodiversity; jodymichellesimmons@yahoo.com.au; Sunnucks, Paul; Monash University; Australian Centre for Biodiversity; paul.sunnucks@sci.monash.edu.au; Taylor, Andrea C; Monash University; Australian Centre for Biodiversity; andrea.taylor@sci.monash.edu.au; van der Ree, Rodney; Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology, Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne; rvdr@unimelb.edu.au.
Habitat fragmentation continues to occur despite increasing evidence of its adverse effects on ecosystems. One of the major detrimental effects of roads and traffic is the creation of barriers or filters to the movement of wildlife, ultimately disconnecting some populations. Our understanding of the extent to which roads reduce the movement of biota is mostly based on field-based observational methods of inferring animal movement, and to a much smaller extent, on allele frequency-based genetic analyses. Field-based methods, as it is typically feasible to apply them, tend to be informative at fine temporal and spatial scales. Allele frequency-based genetic methods are informative at broad geographic scales but at timescales usually greater than recent...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Barrier; Dispersal; Gene flow; Genotypic analyses; Habitat fragmentation; Road ecology.
Ano: 2010

Understanding the Risk to Neotropical Migrant Bird Species of Multiple Human-Caused Stressors:  Elucidating Processes Behind the Patterns.
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Hames, Ralph S.; Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology; rsh5@cornell.edu; Lowe, James D.; Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology; jdl6@cornell.edu; Swarthout, Sara Barker; Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology; sb65@cornell.edu; Rosenberg, Kenneth V.; Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology; kvr2@cornell.edu.
Ubiquitous human-caused changes to the environment act as multiple stressors for organisms in the wild, and the effects of these stressors may be synergistic, rather than merely additive, with unexpected results. However, understanding how focal organisms respond to these stressors is crucial for conservation planning for these species. We propose a paradigm that alternates extensive, broadscale data collection by volunteer collaborators to document patterns of response, with intensive fine-scale studies by professional researchers, to elucidate the processes underlying these patterns. We demonstrate this technique, building on our existing work linking patterns of population declines in the Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) to synergistic effects of acid...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Multiple scales; Synergistic effects; Citizen science; Habitat fragmentation; Acid rain; Forests; Anthropogenic change; Soil; Calcium; Invertebrates.
Ano: 2006

Genetic characterization of the Neotropical catfish Pimelodus maculatus (Pimelodidae, Siluriformes) in the Upper Uruguay River
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Ribolli,Josiane; Melo,Cláudio Manoel Rodrigues de; Zaniboni-Filho,Evoy.
Freshwater fish present unique challenges when one attempts to understand the factors that determine the structure of their populations. Habitat fragmentation is a leading cause of population decline that threatens ecosystems worldwide. In this study, we investigated the conservation status of genetic variability in the Neotropical catfish (Pimelodus maculatus). Specifically, we examined the structure and genetic diversity of this species in a region of the Upper Uruguay River fragmented by natural barriers and dams. There was no genetic structure among the four sites analyzed, indicating the existence of only one population group. A combination of environmental management and genetic monitoring should be used to minimize the impact of impoundment on...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Conservation genetics; Dams; Habitat fragmentation; Microsatellite.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000500009

Genetic structure of red-handed howler monkey populations in the fragmented landscape of Eastern Brazilian Amazonia
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Bastos,Heitor B.; Gonçalves,Evonnildo C.; Ferrari,Stephen F.; Silva,Artur; Schneider,Maria Paula C.
We genotyped 15 microsatellite loci in order to evaluate the effects of habitat fragmentation, caused by flooding of the Tucuruí reservoir, on the genetic structure of Alouatta belzebul in eastern Amazonia. The analysis included two populations sampled in 1984, representing both margins of the Tocantins river, and three populations sampled 18 years later. Minimal differences in the diversity levels between present-day (Ho = 0.62-0.69 and A R = 6.07-7.21) and pre-flooding (Ho = 0.60-0.62 and A R = 6.27-6.77) populations indicated there was no significant loss of genetic variability, possibly because of successful management strategies applied during the flooding. The changes observed were limited to shifts in the composition of alleles, which presumably...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Alouatta belzebul; Amazonia; Conservation; Genetic structure; Habitat fragmentation.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572010000400027

Roadkilled mammals in the northern Amazon region and comparisons with roadways in other regions of Brazil
Provedor de dados: 76
Autores: Caires,Heloisa S.; Souza,Cleide R.; Lobato,Débora N. C.; Fernandes,Marília N. S.; Damasceno,Júnio S.
ABSTRACT Roadways and road traffic modify landscapes, posing a threat to the conservation of species in different biomes. The aim of the present study was to analyze roadkill records of wild mammals and to compare the results to findings from 37 other studies conducted in Brazil, to evaluate the richness and diversity of threatened species in different eco-regions of the country. This study was conducted between June 2007 and June 2008, along 60 km of the inter-state highway BR-364, which connects the municipalities of Ouro Preto d’Oeste and Presidente Médici in the state of Rondônia (northern Brazil). Two hundred twenty roadkills were recorded involving 13 species of mammals. Cingualata, Pilosa and Carnivora were the most represented orders. The most...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Environmental impact; Habitat fragmentation; Hotspots; Threatened wildlife.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212019000100236

Abundância de microartrópodes do solo em fragmentos de mata com araucária no sul do Brasil
Provedor de dados: 76
Autores: Duarte,Marcelo Maisonette.
The abundance of soil microarthropods from seven fragments of Araucaria Forest, Muitos Capões, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, was compared. The size of the fragments ranged from 0.25 ha to 35 ha, the two largest fragments are situated within the Aracuri Ecological Station and the remaining five are situated in a cattle ranching farm. In June 2000, three plots (10 m x 10 m) were established in the central area of each patch, and three soil cores (7 cm diameter x 6 cm deep) were taken per plot. The abundance of microarthropods in the upper six centimeters (soil + litter) varied between 63209 and 102704 ind.m-2, with oribatid mites (Acari, Cryptostigmata) being dominant in all fragments (between 46.9 % and 61.3 % of total individuals). Most microarthropod groups...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Soil microarthropods; Araucaria forest; Acari; Collembola; Habitat fragmentation.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212004000200008

Fast and furious: a look at the death of animals on the highway MS-080, Southwestern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 76
Autores: Carvalho,Naira C. de; Bordignon,Marcelo O.; Shapiro,Julie T.
Several factors, such as hunting and the pet trade, are responsible for the worldwide decline of wildlife populations. In addition, fatal collisions with vehicles on highways have also taken one of the largest tolls. This study aimed to quantify the richness and abundance of vertebrate roadkill along highway MS-080 in Mato Grosso do Sul, Central-West Brazil. We compare the amount of roadkill to the distance between cities, moon phases and the flow of vehicles on the highway. Samples were collected weekly between March and September 2011, totaling 257 individuals, belonging to 32 families and 52 species, resulting in an index of 0.13 individuals hit/km. Birds were the most frequently hit taxa, followed by mammals. The most affected species was Cariama...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Conservation; Roads; Roadkill; Urbanization; Habitat fragmentation.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212014000100006

Efeito de diferentes usos da terra nas características do solo no Estado do Acre.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: AMARAL, E. F. do; BROWN, I. F.; MELO, A. W. F. de.
O uso da terra na Amazônia está condicionado ao processo de fragmentação florestal. No Acre, o arco do desmatamento é constituído pela BR-364 e BR-317. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do uso da terra nas características químicas e físicas do solo, em uma cronosseqüência de uso em uma área de grande fazendeiro no sudeste acreano. Foi conduzido na fazenda Ponteio, situada às margens da BR-317, no município de Capixaba, sendo georreferenciadas três unidades amostrais, caracterizando o gradiente de pressão antrópica: pasto, capoeira e floresta. Em cada unidade amostral foram retiradas informações sobre o histórico de uso e coletados dados referentes às seguintes características: densidade aparente, resistência do solo até 60 cm...
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Fragmentação florestal; Arco do Desmatamento; Rodovia BR-364; Rodovia BR-317; Fazenda Ponteio; Capixapa (AC); Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental; Propiedades químicas del suelo; Uso de la tierra.; Fragmentación de hábitats; Propiedades fìsicas del suelo; Uso da terra; Solo; Propriedade Físico-Química; Land use; Habitat fragmentation; Soil chemical properties; Soil physical properties.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/495274

Avaliação da composição estrutural e biomassa viva acima do solo, em florestas sob efeito da fragmentação na Amazônia Ocidental.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: FIGUEIREDO, E. O.; PEREIRA, N. W. V.; WADT, L. H. de O.
O modelo de ocupação da Amazônia, implementado nas últimas décadas, pouco considerou as especificidades dos distintos ecossistemas florestais existentes na região. Quando se considera a dimensão territorial da Amazônia e os impactos decorrentes do desflorestamento e conseqüente processo de fragmentação de florestas, o fato ganha importância global. Este trabalho faz parte do projeto "Efeito do processo de fragmentação florestal na sustentabilidade de alguns ecossistemas periféricos aos eixos rodoviários no sudeste acreano", financiado pelo Programa Nacional de Diversidade Biológica (Pronabio), e foi desenvolvido num fragmento florestal localizado à margem direita da Rodovia Federal BR-364, km 30, sentido Rio Branco/Porto Velho, no município de Rio Branco,...
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Fragmentação florestal; Biomassa aérea; Rio Branco (AC); Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental; Bosques tropicales; Biomasa aérea; Fragmentación de hábitats; Reservorios de carbono.; Floresta tropical; Ecossistema; Degradação ambiental; Impacto ambiental; Biomassa; Carbono; Estoque; Tropical forests; Habitat fragmentation; Aboveground biomass; Carbon sinks; Environmental impact.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/495836

Levantamento de insetos e análise entomofaunística em floresta, capoeira e pastagem no sudeste acreano.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: THOMAZINI, M. J.; THOMAZINI, A. P. de B. W.
O presente trabalho foi conduzido visando comparar a diversidade e composição de insetos em áreas de floresta contínua, fragmentada, floresta secundária e pastagem no sudeste acreano. Coletas mensais de insetos foram realizadas com armadilha luminosa e rede entomológica, entre abril de 1999 e março de 2000, no interior de um fragmento florestal e em uma área de floresta secundária e pastagem adjacentes ao fragmento, no município de Rio Branco, AC. Também foram realizadas amostragens mensais de cupins com iscas de papelão, em todas as áreas citadas e em uma outra área de floresta contínua, localizada no município de Capixaba, AC. Estimou-se a diversidade das áreas usando-se o índice de diversidade de Margalef. Foram aplicadas medidas de fauna...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Floresta contínua; Floresta fragmentada; Termites; Western Amazon; Amazônia Ocidental; Acre; Capixaba (AC); Rio Branco (AC); Termitas; Amazonia Occidental; Comunidades de insectos; Bosques secundarios; Pastizales; Fragmentación de hábitats; Plagas de las plantas; Sondeo de la Población Actual.; Entomofauna; Pastagem; Floresta secundária; Floresta; Levantamento populacional; Cupim; Praga de planta; Isoptera.; Pastures.; Insect communities; Current population survey; Habitat fragmentation; Secondary forests; Plant pests.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/496050

Mudança de cobertura e uso do solo no leste acreano e seus impactos.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SALIMON, C. I.; AMARAL, E. F. do; ANDERSON, L. O.; SILVA JUNIOR, C. H. L.; BROWN, I. F.
O sudoeste da Amazônia era, até a metade do século 20, predominantemente coberto por uma floresta ombrófila dominada por bambus, com manchas de floresta ombrófila densa. Devido a diversos fatores sócio-econômicos e ondas de ocupação, a região foi sendo transformada e hoje somente 29% do leste acreano apresenta cobertura florestal nativa. Esta mudança de cobertura do solo tem implicações diretas em vários aspectos que vão desde a conservação da biodiversidade, utilização sustentável de recursos naturais e também na prestação de serviços ecossistêmicos, como precipitação e temperatura atmosférica. A fragmentação da paisagem chegou ao seu ponto atual, onde tem-se que metade da floresta remanescente encontra-se sob efeito de borda (a menos de 120 m da borda),...
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Fragmentação florestal; Cambio de uso de la tierra; Plantas de cobertura; Deforestación; Fragmentación de hábitats; Granjas de demostración; Reservatorios de carbono; Fazenda Experimental Catuaba; Universidade Federal do Acre; Rio Branco (AC); Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental.; Cobertura do Solo; Uso da Terra; Desmatamento; Impacto Ambiental; Campo Experimental; Carbono; Estoque.; Land use change; Ground cover plants; Deforestation; Environmental impact; Habitat fragmentation; Demonstration farms; Carbon sinks.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1128541

Educação, pesquisa, extensão e conservação na paisagem fragmentada, uma conciliação necessária.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SILVEIRA, M.; AMARAL, E. F. do; GUILHERME, E.; CALOURO, A. M.; SALIMON, C. I.; MORATO, E. F.; DUARTE, A. F.; SAMPAIO, P. R. M.
A Fazenda Experimental Catuaba (FEC), o antigo seringal, é um sítio consolidado para ações de ensino, pesquisa e extensão da Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC). Ela provê suporte para atividades de grupos de pesquisa, para estudantes do ensino médio e de cursos de graduação e de pós-graduação, e para treinamentos, oficinas e cursos de capacitação, todas alinhadas com um dos principais objetivos da Convenção da Diversidade Biológica, a conservação da biodiversidade e dos serviços ecossistêmicos. Este capítulo sintetiza os resultados principais dos 30 anos de pesquisas realizadas na FEC e alerta para a diminuição do número de fragmentos e para o aumento da extensão das bordas no seu entorno e para a perda de biomassa, de biodiversidade e de serviços...
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Restauração florestal; Fragmentação florestal; Serviços ecossistêmicos; Cadastro Ambiental Rural; Plano de Recuperação Ambiental; University education; Granjas de demostración; Restauración de bosques; Fazenda Experimental Catuaba; Universidade Federal do Acre; Biodiversidad; Investigación; Programas de extensión; Servicios ecosistémicos; Fragmentación de hábitats; Rio Branco (AC); Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Campo Experimental; Ensino Superior; Pesquisa; Biodiversidade; Demonstration farms; Forest restoration; Biodiversity; Research; Extension programs; Ecosystem services; Habitat fragmentation.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1128546

Exploring the abundance-occupancy relationships for the Georges Bank finfish and shellfish community from 1963 to 2006
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Frisk, Michael G.; Duplisea, Daniel E.; Trenkel, Verena.
Abundance-occupancy (A-O) patterns were explored temporally and spatially for the Georges Bank finfish and shellfish community to evaluate long-term trends in the assemblage structure and to identify anthropogenic and environmental drivers impacting the ecosystem. Analyses were conducted for 32 species representing the assemblage from 1963 to 2006 using data from the National Marine Fisheries Service's annual autumn bottom trawl survey. For individual species, occupancy was considered the proportion of stations with at least one individual present, and abundance was estimated as the mean annual number of fish captured per station. Intraspecific relationships were estimated to provide information on utilization of space by a species. Multispecies...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Abundance-occupancy relationships; Commercial catchability; Community ecology; Exploitation; Finfish; Fishing; Georges Bank; Habitat fragmentation; Hyperstability; Resilience; Shellfish.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14397/14043.pdf

Forest fragmentation shapes the alpha–gamma relationship in plant diversity
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Almoussawi, Ali; Lenoir, Jonathan; Jamoneau, Aurélien; Hattab, Tarek; Wasof, Safaa; Gallet‐moron, Emilie; Garzon‐lopez, Carol X.; Spicher, Fabien; Kobaissi, Ahmad; Decocq, Guillaume; Collins, Beverly.
Questions Forest fragmentation affects biodiversity locally (α diversity) and beyond — at relatively larger scales (γ diversity) — by increasing dispersal and recruitment limitations. Yet, does an increase in fragmentation affect the relationship between α and γ diversity and what can we learn from it? Location Northern France. Methods We surveyed 116 forest patches across three fragmentation levels: none (continuous forest); intermediate (forest patches connected by hedgerows); and high (isolated forest patches). Plant species richness of both forest specialists and generalists was surveyed at five nested spatial resolutions across each forest patch: 1 m2; 10 m2; 100 m2; 1,000 m2; and total forest patch area. First, we ran log‐ratio models to quantify the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Agricultural landscapes; Alpha diversity; Anthropogenic disturbances; Community assembly; Dispersal limitations; Gamma diversity; Habitat conservation strategies; Habitat fragmentation; Local-regional richness relationship; Metacommunity dynamics.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00592/70438/68577.pdf

Forest fragments with larger core areas better sustain diverse orchid bee faunas (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina)
Provedor de dados: 82
Autores: Nemésio,André; Silveira,Fernando A.
Male orchid bees were attracted to chemical baits and collected in nine Atlantic Forest fragments in southeastern Brazil. Fragments differed in size and shape. Three additional sites were also sampled in a nearby large fragment. Three hypothetical core areas of each fragment were measured as the total area minus an area of 50, 100, and 200-m-wide perimeter. Abundance and richness were not correlated with either fragment size or ratio area/perimeter, but were positively correlated with the size of core areas. These results suggest that orchid bee conservation requires the preservation of the fragments with the largest possible core areas. Neither size nor shape alone (area/perimeter ratio) seemed to be good indicators of the value of a given fragment for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Atlantic Forest; Conservation; Euglossine; Habitat fragmentation.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2010000400014

Longitudinal habitat disruption in Neotropical streams: fish assemblages under the influence of culverts
Provedor de dados: 83
Autores: Mariano,José Roberto; Makrakis,Maristela Cavicchioli; Kashiwaqui,Elaine Antoniassi Luiz; Celestino,Elaine Fernandes; Makrakis,Sergio.
This study assessed differences in fish assemblages existing upstream and downstream two types of culverts, one on each of two different Neotropical streams. We analyzed the composition and structure of the ichthyofauna and tested for spatial patterns. Fish sampling was carried out monthly between November 2009 and October 2010 using different fishing gears. We collected 2,220 fish of 33 species; 901 in stretches of the Lopeí stream - circular culvert and 1,310 in stretches of the Pindorama stream - box culvert. Fish abundance was similar in upstream and downstream stretches of the circular culvert, whereas it was slightly higher in the upstream than downstream stretch for the box culvert. Characiformes predominated in the upstream stretch of both...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fish passage; Fish population; Habitat fragmentation; Road crossings.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252012000400010

Daily nest site use by the Siberian flying squirrel Pteromys volans orii in fragmented small woods
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: 浅利, 裕伸; 柳川, 久.
We studied the nest types used by Pteromys volans orii in two small, fragmented woods (2.1 ha and 3.1 ha) in Obihiro, Hokkaido from April 2005 to March 2006. Three nest types (cavity, nest box, drey) were used by eight flying squirrels. Each flying squirrel made use of two to eight nest-sites. The flying squirrels in our study area appear to have been restricted as to nest resources, since these woods are fragmented and small, they are surrounded by roads and fields. The preferred nests during snow-free and the snowy season were, respectively, cavity and nest box, and cavity and drey. We suggest that longer and more frequent use of nest boxes during the snow-free season might be related to rises in temperature and numbers of ectoparasites. The use of...
Palavras-chave: Habitat fragmentation; Nest site use; Obihiro; Pteromys volans orii; Small wood.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4168

Sarsina violascens spatial and temporal distributions affected by native vegetation strips in eucalyptus plantations
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Zanuncio,José Cola; Tavares,Wagner de Souza; Ramalho,Francisco de Sousa; Leite,Germano Leão Demolin; Serrão,José Eduardo.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate spatial and temporal distributions of Sarsina violascens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Lymantriinae) in two Eucalyptus cloeziana plantations, one with native vegetation strips (WNVS) and another without them (ONVS). Adults were collected with light traps, which were installed: inside an area of native vegetation (Cerrado), 100 m from the edge; at the contact zone between the native vegetation area and the E. cloeziana plantation; inside the E. cloeziana plantation, 250 m from the edge; at the central part of the native vegetation strip, around 500 m from the edge (WNVS) or in the contact zone between two E. cloeziana compartments (ONVS); and inside the E. cloeziana plantation, 500 m from the edge. The number...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Eucalyptus cloeziana; Sarsina violascens; Habitat fragmentation; Integrated pest management; Plant species richness; Population dynamics.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2016000600703

Distribution, habitat use and plant associations of Moluchia brevipennis (Saussure, 1864) (Blattodea: Ectobiidae): an endemic cockroach from Chilean Mediterranean Matorral biome
Provedor de dados: 92
Autores: Schapheer,Constanza; Lopez-Uribe,Margarita M.; Vera,Alejandro; Villagra,Cristian A.
ABSTRACT Wild cockroaches are often described as abundant and diverse insects from wet tropical zones; however, they can also be found in arid and semiarid areas. It is proposed that in these drier environments cockroach survival may dependent on its tight association with native plant species. In this work, using bait trapping and active collection methods, we surveyed cockroach species along central Chile coastal scrubland; the southern limit of the semiarid Mediterranean Matorral biome in the Neotropical Region (32° S). Based on morphological and DNA barcoding methods we found that our collected cockroaches belonged to native species Moluchia brevipennis (Saussure, 1864) (Blattodea: Ectobiidae). Furthermore, thanks to field sampling, we noticed for the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Larcenists; Habitat fragmentation; Ecological interactions; South American cockroaches.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262017000200114

Changes in wild bee fauna of a grassland in Brazil reveal negative effects associated with growing urbanization during the last 40 years
Provedor de dados: 103
Autores: Martins,Aline C.; Gonçalves,Rodrigo B.; Melo,Gabriel A. R.
Bee fauna and associated flora from a grassland site in Brazil, surveyed 40 and 20 years ago, were newly surveyed with comparable methodology to evaluate changes in the bee fauna of this site, considering that human population and urbanization has exponentially increased in the last 40 years. In general, bee species richness has declined in 22%, as well as their abundance. Some of the previously abundant species are now absent, including Bombus bellicosus Smith, 1879, Gaesischia fulgurans (Holmberg, 1903) and Thectochlora basiatra (Strand, 1910). No particular trend of differential decrease among either taxonomic or functional groups was observed, except for a minor increase in the proportion of oligolectic species and a 50% reduction in the number of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Apidae; Apoidea; Habitat fragmentation; Pollinators; Species richness; Urban environments.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702013000200006

Genetic consequences of population subdivision: the marsupial Micoureus paraguayanus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia) as a case study
Provedor de dados: 103
Autores: Brito,Daniel.
Habitat fragmentation may cause population subdivision, affecting genetic variation, leading to heterozygosity loss and increased inbreeding, and contributing to population extinction. However, some genetic models have shown that under some conditions, population subdivision can favor heterozygosity and allelic diversity, and small populations may adapt to inbreeding. Here I investigate the relationship between population subdivision and genetic diversity for the marsupial Micoureus paraguayanus (Tate, 1931) using the program Vortex. Hypothetical populations of 100 and 2000 individuals were partitioned into 1, 2, 5 or 10 populations that were linked by varying rates of dispersal and also by sex-biased dispersal. Results suggested that heterozygosity and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Genetic drift; Genetic load; Habitat fragmentation; Inbreeding; Metapopulation; Population viability analysis.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702009000400013

Differential effects of habitat fragmentation on birds and mammals in Valdivian temperate rainforests
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: KELT,DOUGLAS A.
Four recent studies on Chilean vertebrates underscore the very different effects that habitat fragmentation may have under different conditions. In southern Chile, birds exhibited significant species-area relationships, whereas the more depauperate small mammal community did not. The avifauna of highly isolated rainforest remnants in Fray Jorge National Park (IV Región) presented steeper species-area relations than those in southern Chile, reminiscent of land-bridge islands after faunal relaxation. The small mammal results were unexpected but may reflect the reduced vagility and immigration potential of this group. Additionally, the inter-remnant matrix habitat may support large populations of only some species, allowing them to capitalize on resources...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Habitat fragmentation; Valdivian temperate rainforest; Small mammals; Birds; Conservation.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2001000400005

Short-term effects of habitat fragmentation on the abundance and species richness of beetles in experimental alfalfa micro-landscapes
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: GREZ,AUDREY A.; ZAVIEZO,TANIA; REYES,SUSANA.
Habitat loss and fragmentation are considered as the main causes of biodiversity depression. Habitat loss implies a reduction of suitable habitat for organisms, and habitat fragmentation is a change in the spatial configuration of the landscape, with the remaining fragments resulting more or less isolated. Recent theory indicates that the effects of habitat loss are more important than those of habitat fragmentation, however there are few experimental studies evaluating both processes separately. To test the effects of habitat fragmentation per se on the abundance, species richness and diversity of epigeal coleopterans, 15 (30 x 30 m) alfalfa micro-landscapes, distributed in three blocks, were created. On twelve of them, 84 % of the habitat was removed,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Habitat fragmentation; Habitat loss; Micro-landscapes; Diversity of epigeal beetles.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2004000300013

Do euglossine males (Apidae, Euglossini) leave tropical rainforest to collect fragrances in sugarcane monocultures?
Provedor de dados: 104
Autores: Milet-Pinheiro,Paulo; Schlindwein,Clemens.
Euglossine bees are known to be long-distance pollinators in tropical rainforests. But there is controversy concerning to the flight ranges of these bees between forest fragments. In an isolated fragment of Atlantic Rainforest in Pernambuco, NE Brazil, surrounded by sugarcane monocultures, it was examined if euglossine males leave closed rainforest to collect fragrances. In a straight-line transect leading from forest into a sugarcane plantation, euglossine males were simultaneously captured by scent baits at seven distinct points: inside the forest, forest edge, outside the forest in the sugarcane fields at distances of 10 m, 50 m, 100 m, 250 m and 500 m from the forest edge. A total of 945 euglossine bees of 16 species were recorded. The results...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Atlantic Rainforest; Habitat fragmentation; Northeast Brazil; Orchid bees; Scent baits.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752005000400008

Use of the space by the opossum Didelphis aurita Wied-Newied (Mammalia, Marsupialia) in a mixed forest fragment of southern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 104
Autores: Cáceres,Nilton Carlos.
Use of the space by the opossum Didelphis aurita Wied-Newied, 1826 (Mammalia, Marsupialia) in a mixed forest fragment of southern Brazil. The space use of the marsupial Didelphis aurita was studied in a forest fragment of southern Brazil from February 1995 to January 1996. The method used was the 'distribution utilization' in which each trap was set in 38 x 38 m quadrats. Captures of each marked individual in each point give information on its habitat use. Food availability was searched and compared to the habitat utilization and to the food consumption of opossums. Distribution patterns of captures (aggregated to random) and spatial overlap between individuals were searched. Results showed aggregated distributions of individuals, particularly females, in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Food availability; Habitat fragmentation; Home range; Individual interaction; Territorial behaviour.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752003000200023

Are the vegetation structure and composition of the shrubby Caatinga free from edge influence?
Provedor de dados: 39
Autores: Santos,André Maurício de Melo; Santos,Bráulio Almeida.
Edge influence, or edge effect, drives many biological changes in fragmented landscapes. This has been extensively studied in many forest ecosystems, but it remains to be described for the Brazilian Caatinga. Based on the biotic and physical conditions of the shrubby Caatinga, our prediction a priori was that this type of vegetation is free from edge influence in terms of vegetation structure and composition. We sampled shrubs, cacti and trees in twenty 200 m² plots on old edges (&gt;60 yrs old) and interior of a 690 ha fragment, partially isolated and surrounded by Opuntia ficus-indica cacti. Plant height, stem diameter at ground level, stem density, species richness and diversity were statistically equal between edge and interior habitats. Magnitude of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Shrubs; Edge effect; Habitat fragmentation; Seasonal scrub vegetation.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062008000400018

Genetic differentiation of the neotropical tree species Protium spruceanum (Benth.) Engler (Burseraceae) between fragments and vegetation corridors in Brazilian Atlantic forest
Provedor de dados: 39
Autores: Vieira,Fábio de Almeida; Carvalho,Dulcinéia de.
We studied patterns of genetic differentiation in a connected landscape with an interesting history of human habitat conversion that began two centuries ago, during the Brazilian colonization period. In the fragments of Brazilian Atlantic seasonal forest and corridors of secondary forest, Protium spruceanum is an abundant native, mass-flowering/insect-pollinated and bird-dispersed tree. Genetic diversity was analyzed from 230 individuals in five fragments (1 to 11.8 ha) and four corridors (460 to 1000 m length) using allozyme loci. We did not find evidence of inbreeding within fragments or corridors, but the proportion of heterozygotes (&lt;IMG SRC="/img/revistas/abb/v23n4/a28simb1.gif" WIDTH=287 HEIGHT=96&gt;) were significantly higher in fragments than...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Allozymes; F-statistics; Genetic diversity; Habitat fragmentation.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062009000400028

Density and fertility of Byrsonima pachyphylla A. Juss. (Malpighiaceae) in small fragments of the Brazilian Cerrado
Provedor de dados: 39
Autores: Melo,Marina da Silva; Oliveira,Danilo Elias de; Franceschinelli,Edivani Villaron.
Habitat fragmentation is one of the main threats to the biodiversity of the planet. This study was conducted in nine fragments of the Brazilian cerrado (savanna) sensu stricto. We assessed the effects that fragment size and distance between fragments has on the density and fertility of populations of Byrsonima pachyphylla A. Juss. (Malpighiaceae), known in Brazil as "murici". In each of the nine fragments, we evaluated seven individuals. We quantified the B. pachyphylla density within a 20-m radius around each individual. Fertility in each fragment was estimated by determining the ratio between the number of flowers and the number of fruits produced. We carried out linear regression analyses between mean B. pachyphylla density and fragment size, as well as...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Habitat fragmentation; Productivity; Spatial autocorrelation.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062014000200012

Reproductive phenology, seed removal and early regeneration in relation to distance from parental plants of a native palm in small Atlantic forest fragments
Provedor de dados: 39
Autores: Mariano,Vanessa; Christianini,Alexander V.
ABSTRACT The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is a global biodiversity hotspot, but most of what remains are small fragments. Small fragments are often harsh environments for forest plant recruitment due to edge effects and the loss of frugivorous animals that provide seed dispersal. We recorded the one-year reproductive phenology of the keystone palm Syagrus romanzoffiana in small (&lt;2.5ha) Atlantic Forest fragments in southeastern Brazil. We tested the Janzen-Connell hypothesis with seed-removal experiments and followed the five-year survival of recruits in relation to the distance from parental plants. Palms produced many fruits throughout the year (mean 2,600/plant). More seedlings were found away from parental plants than near them, thereby supporting the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brazilian Atlantic Forest; Crop size; Habitat fragmentation; Janzen-Connell hypothesis; Large seeds; Palms; Seed dispersal; Seed predation; Seedling survival; Syagrus romanzoffiana.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062016000200176

Assemblage of medium and large size mammals in an urban Semideciduous Seasonal Forest fragment in Cerrado biome
Provedor de dados: 49
Autores: Bernardo,Paulo Vitor dos Santos; Melo,Fabiano Rodrigues de.
Nowadays, the processes of deforestation and loss of habitats represent a major threat to many species of mammals. These processes cause changes in natural landscapes by decreasing area, connectivity, and fragment size, and increasing edge effects and number of fragments. Understanding which and how many species persist in disturbed fragments may indicate the species' minimum requirements and might contribute to their conservation. Here we show how the mammalian fauna of medium and large size (higher than 1 kg) are structured in a semideciduous seasonal forest fragment of 36.5 ha in the urban area of Jataí, Goiás. We performed the sampling with 30 sand track plots (1 x 1 m). We analyzed the relative record frequency and built a collector's curve to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Goiás Southwest; Habitat fragmentation; Habitat loss; Mammalian fauna; Urban ecology.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032013000200076