Consulta: subjectFacets:"Income"
Registros recuperados: 143
Data/hora: 01/06/2024 10:15:52

Impacto del acceso a la tierra sobre el desarrollo humano sostenible de las familias campesinas beneficiarias del programa tierra de UCOSD, en el municipio San Dionisio, Departamento de Matagalpa, durante el año 2012.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: López Pérez, Flor Ivania.
El presente estudio fue realizado con el objetivo de conocer la problemática del acceso a la tierra que enfrentan los campesinos y el impacto que ha tenido el programa tierra de UCOSD sobre el desarrollo humano sostenible de las familias campesinas beneficiarias. Para ello se definió la macro variable acceso a la tierra y los macro efectos desarrollo humano sostenible. Se consideraron 5 variables: políticas de acceso a la tierra en UCOSD, ingresos de las familias beneficiarias, educación, seguridad alimentaria, igualdad y equidad de género y finalmente se plantea la estrategia para mejorar el acceso a la tierra en UCOSD. A partir de los resultados encontrados se puede afirmar que el programa tierra de UCOSD ha contribuido al desarrollo humano sostenible de...
Palavras-chave: Acceso a la tierra; Desarrollo humano; Educación; Equidad e igualdad de género; Ingreso; Políticas; Seguridad alimentaria; Land access; Human development; Education; Gender equity and equality; Income; Policies; Food security; Desarrollo rural territorial sustentable; Maestría Tecnológica.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2270

Bases para el establecimiento de programas de selección de cabras lecheras locales con campesinos del Valle de Libres, Puebla.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Santos Chávez, Yesenia Alma.
Con el objetivo de analizar el sistema de producción caprina para determinar la factibilidad de establecer un programa de selección de cabras lecheras con campesinos del Valle de Libres, Puebla, en una primera etapa se estudiaron los recursos productivos y aspectos socioeconómicos de 84 productores de cabras y en la segunda, se clasificaron a las explotaciones caprinas de 79 productores para identificar al grupo con más posibilidades de participar en el programa de selección de cabras locales. Con la información obtenida se estimaron estadísticos descriptivos, análisis de varianza y por medio de análisis multivariados se construyó la tipología de explotaciones caprinas. Los productores tienen 51.3±1.3 años de edad, 16.3±1.8 años de experiencia y 5.1±0.23...
Palavras-chave: Tipología explotaciones caprinas; Prácticas de manejo; Análisis multivariados; Ingresos; Goat farm typology; Management practices; Multivariate analysis; Income; Maestría; Ganadería.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/461

Capital Humano y Social. Factores que determinan la viabilidad de las empresas de turismo rural en la Sierra Nororiente del Estado de Puebla. Caso Red de Turismo Alternativo (RETA) Totaltikpak, A.C.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Pérez Serrano, Adriana Montserrat.
En la Sierra Nororiente del Estado de Puebla convergen una serie de elementos que la han colocado como una región de atención prioritaria; socialmente enfrenta agudos problemas de pobreza extrema y marginación, producto de un desarrollo histórico, donde la política agrícola y los bajos precios del café en los últimos años han jugado un importante papel. Asimismo, la riqueza que posee esta región se refleja en un mosaico de paisajes, tradiciones y etnias; recursos capaces de ser aprovechados para desarrollar actividades de turismo rural. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer el recurso turístico que es aprovechado por las siete empresas que integran la Red de Turismo Alternativo Totaltikpak, A.C., la cual opera en la Sierra Norte del Estado de Puebla; e...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Recursos turísticos; Turismo rural; Empleo no agrícola; Ingreso; Pobreza; Indígena; México Tourist resourses; Rural tourism; I not use agricultural; Income; Poverty; Indigenous; Mexico.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1047

Situación socio económica y ambiental de los productores de Acatzingo Puebla por el derrame de hidrocarburo en suelos agrícolas.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Rivera Pineda, Franklin.
En el presente estudio se aborda el siniestro ocurrido en el municipio de Acatzingo,  Puebla en enero del año 2002. El derrame afectó aproximadamente 50 ha de cultivo, con efectos socioambientales, económicos y de producción en familias campesinas del municipio. Para conocer su impacto ocho años después, se encuestaron 159 productores con características socioeconómicas y productivas similares, 80 con terrenos afectados por el siniestro y 79 no afectados directamente, con el propósito de comparar respuestas en el tiempo. El promedio de hectáreas para cultivo por productor es de 1.7 ha con una media de 0.5 a 0.9 ha que les fueron contaminadas. El estudio mostró que 46.3% de los productores afectados opinó que los suelos aún están contaminados pero un 74% de...
Palavras-chave: Contaminación de suelos agrícolas; Cultivo; Campesino; Derrame de hidrocarburos; Desastre natural; Impacto ambiental; Ingresos; Producción; Salud; Contamination of agricultural soils; Farming; Farmer; Oil spill; Natural disaster; Environmental impact; Income; Production; Health; EDAR; Estrategias para el Desarrollo Agrícola Regional; Doctorado.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/657

La inocuidad alimentaria en el mercado Mexicano de Limón Persa (Citrus latifolia tanaka)
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Herbert Ruiz, Marlene.
La globalización comercial exige que los mercados mundiales de productos  agroalimentarios observen prácticas de inocuidad en sus productos: libres de  contaminantes químicos, biológicos y físicos. En ese contexto, México modificó el 26  de julio de 2007 la Ley Federal de Sanidad Vegetal (LFSV), la cual ahora tiene como  objetivo la aplicación, verificación y certificación de los sistemas de reducción de  riesgos de contaminación en la producción y empaque de vegetales. El objetivo de  este trabajo es analizar el impacto económico que hubiera tenido la aplicación  inmediata de la LFSV en la oferta de limón persa mexicano y, en consecuencia, en el  ingreso de los productores de este cítrico. Para ello se realizó un estudio de campo  (encuestas) en el...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Citrus latifolia Tanaka; Buenas prácticas agrícolas; Limón persa; Oferta; Ingreso; Doctorado; Economía; Good agricultural practices; Persian lemon; Offer; Income.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1491

Bases para el establecimiento de programas de selección de cabras lecheras locales con campesinos del Valle de Libres, Puebla.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Santos Chávez, Yesenia Alma.
Con el objetivo de analizar el sistema de producción caprina para determinar la factibilidad de establecer un programa de selección de cabras lecheras con campesinos del Valle de Libres, Puebla, en una primera etapa se estudiaron los recursos productivos y aspectos socioeconómicos de 84 productores de cabras y en la segunda, se clasificaron a las explotaciones caprinas de 79 productores para identificar al grupo con más posibilidades de participar en el programa de selección de cabras locales. Con la información obtenida se estimaron estadísticos descriptivos, análisis de varianza y por medio de análisis multivariados se construyó la tipología de explotaciones caprinas. Los productores tienen 51.3±1.3 años de edad, 16.3±1.8 años de experiencia y 5.1±0.23...
Palavras-chave: Tipología explotaciones caprinas; Prácticas de manejo; Análisis multivariados; Ingresos; Goat farm typology; Management practices; Multivariate analysis; Income; Maestría; Ganadería.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/461

Mercados regionales de Huixcolotla y Zacapoaxtla, Puebla : un enfoque de desarrollo rural.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Arvizu Barrón, Ezequiel.
El presente estudio es resultado del análisis de información obtenida mediante cuestionarios y entrevistas estructuradas, directamente de los agentes económicos que participan en el proceso de producción y comercialización de productos agrícolas en la región que impacta al mercado de Huixcolotla y Zacapoaxtla, Puebla. El trabajo de campo se llevó a cabo en los años 2010 y 2011. Es un estudio explicativo que persigue profundizar en el conocimiento de dichos mercados con respecto a las áreas de abasto, productos agrícolas que se producen y comercializan, costos de producción y comercialización, agentes económicos, municipios que lo abastecen, factores que han influido en su desarrollo y su impacto en el desarrollo rural. El análisis se centra en seis...
Palavras-chave: Mercados rurales; Regiones; Servicios de comercializacion; Ingresos; Rural markets; Regions; Marketing services; Income; Desarrollo Rural; Doctorado.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1900

Capital humano y social. Factores que determinan la viabilidad de las empresas de turismo rural en la Sierra Nororiente del Estado de Puebla. Caso Red de Turismo Alternativo (RETA) Totaltikpak, A.C.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Pérez Serrano, Adriana Montserrat.
En la Sierra Nororiente del Estado de Puebla convergen una serie de elementos que la han colocado como una región de atención prioritaria; socialmente enfrenta agudos problemas de pobreza extrema y marginación, producto de un desarrollo histórico, donde la política agrícola y los bajos precios del café en los últimos años han jugado un importante papel. Asimismo, la riqueza que posee esta región se refleja en un mosaico de paisajes, tradiciones y etnias; recursos capaces de ser aprovechados para desarrollar actividades de turismo rural. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer el recurso turístico que es aprovechado por las siete empresas que integran la Red de Turismo Alternativo Totaltikpak, A.C., la cual opera en la Sierra Norte del Estado de Puebla; e...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Recursos turísticos; Turismo rural; Empleo no agrícola; Ingreso; Pobreza; Índígena; México; Maestría; EDAR; Estrategias para el Desarrollo Agrícola Regional; Tourist resourses; Rural tourism; I not use agricultural; Income; Poverty; Indigenous.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1337

Cultural attitudes are stronger predictors of bushmeat consumption and preference than economic factors among urban Amazonians from Brazil and Colombia
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: van Vliet, Nathalie; Center for International Forestry Research; vanvlietnathalie@yahoo.com; Schor, Tatiana; Departamento de Geografia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Brazil; tatiana.schor@gmail.com.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Attitudes; Beliefs; Bushmeat sharing; Human behavior; Hunting; Income; Legality; Social norms; Social relations; Taboos; Wealth.
Ano: 2015

The Relation Between Income and Hunting in Tropical Forests: an Economic Experiment in the Field
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Cardenas, Juan Camilo; Universidad de los Andes; jccarden@uniandes.edu.co.
Hunting in tropical forests is both a major cause of biodiversity loss and an important food source for millions of people. A question with important policy implications is how changes in income level affect how much people hunt. This study, which was carried out in an indigenous community in the Amazon, explored the relation between income and consumption of wild meat using an economic experiment in the form of a lottery, and involved the local people, not only as experimental subjects, but also in the interpretation of results. The results suggested that an increase in steady employment, rather than in income alone, may lead to the substitution of non-hunted foods for wild meat. The kind of social learning that participation in this type of economic...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Economic development; Experimental economics; Hunting; Income; Lottery; Participatory research; Tropical forest; Wild meat.
Ano: 2006

Priorização de municípios para ações de conservação do solo e da água: componentes socioeconômico e ambiental
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: FIDALGO, E. C. C.; MARTINS, A. L. da S.; SCHULER, A. E.; PRADO, R. B.; MONTEIRO, J. M. G.; OLIVEIRA, A. P. de; PEDREIRA, B. da C. C. G.; DART, R. de O.
O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de identificar e mapear municípios em uma escala de priorização com base em indicadores socioeconômicos e ambientais relacionados à gestão do solo e da água no meio rural. O trabalho visa produzir informações técnicas a fim de subsidiar a seleção de municípios para implementar ações de conservação do solo e da água. Para tal, optou-se por buscar um conjunto mínimo de indicadores capaz de evidenciar a distribuição espacial de fatores condicionantes de natureza socioeconômica e ambiental e refletir situações relevantes do território a serem consideradas na priorização de municípios brasileiros. Após levantamento de indicadores usados em programas de conservação do solo e da água desenvolvidos no Brasil e...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Estabelecimentos agropecuários; Balanço hídrico quantitativo; Apoio à tomada de decisão; Recurso Hídrico; Gestão; Microbacia; Agricultura Familiar; Indicador Econômico; Indicador Social; Renda; Family farms; Income; Water balance; Decision making.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1127559

Rentabilidade da pasteurizacao de leite na fazenda.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: HOLANDA JUNIOR, E. V.; HOLANDA, E. D.; AMARAL, J. B. C.; MIRANDA, W. M.
Este trabalho objetiva apresentar a rentabilidade da pasteurização de leite na fazenda, considerando duas situações de preços da terra.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Cost; Custo; Leite; Pasteurização; Processamento; Renda; Income; Pasteurized milk.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/134563

Tecnologias da Embrapa no contexto da redução das desigualdades e geração de renda.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: HOMMA, A. K. O.; NOVO, A. L. M.; NOGUEIRA, J. D.; MORAIS, O. R. de; CAMARGO, A. C. de; HOLANDA JUNIOR, E. V.; OLIVEIRA, F. N. S.
bitstream/item/191124/1/CLV18010.pdf
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Tecnologias da Embrapa; Desigualdades; Renda; Income.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1103658

INCOME, WEALTH, AND THE ECONOMIC WELL-BEING OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mishra,   Ashok K.; El-Osta,   Hisham S.; Morehart,   Mitchell J.; Johnson,   James D.; Hopkins,   Jeffrey W.
Agricultural policy is rooted in the 1930s notion that providing transfers of money to the farm sector translates into increased economic well-being of farm families. This report shows that changes in income for the farm sector or for any particular group of farm businesses do not necessarily reflect changes confronting farm households. Farm households draw income from various sources, including off-farm work, other businesses operated, and —increasingly — nonfarm investments. Likewise, focus  on a single indicator of well-being, like income, overlooks other indicators such as the wealth held by the household and the level of consumption expenditures for health care, food, housing, and other items. Using an expanded definition of economic well-being, we...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Consumption; Farm households; Income; Wealth; Well-being; Off-farm employment; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33967

Educação, concentração fundiária e desigualdade de rendimentos no meio rural brasileiro
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ney,   Marlon Gomes; Hoffmann,   Rodolfo.
The paper analyses the effects of rural income determinants, in particular of human capital and physical capital. Besides the earnings equation estimated for persons occupied in agriculture, the paper also analyzes earnings regressions for persons occupied in the industry and service sectors. The results show that physical capital is the main determinant of earnings in Brazilian agriculture, but schooling is the most important determinant of earnings for persons occupied in rural non-farm activities and for all persons living in rural areas.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Income; Human capital; Physical capital; Rural; Brazil.; Agribusiness; Q15; D31.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60818

Reconsiderando la metodología FAO sobre el cálculo del número de personas que pasan hambre en el mundo
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Morales-Opazo,   Cristian; Barreiro-Hurlé,   Jesús.
FAO measure of undernourishment is calculated based on three main parameters: dietary energy supply (DES), minimum dietary energy requirement (MDER), and the coefficient of variation of dietary energy consumption (CV). In the current implementation of this methodology, the DES and the MDER change over time, as would be expected. The CV, however, remains constant. However, we expect the CV to change over time and be a function of income and prices. This paper discusses why the CV should change in response to changes in these variables, and suggests a practical way to estimate changes in the CV over time in the absence of survey data.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Income; Prices; Consumption; Undernourishment; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; E21; O11; O19.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120198

Mudanças nos Padrões dos Rendimentos de Agregados Familiares Rurais em Moçambique de 1996 a 2002 e suas Implicações para a Contribuição da Agricultura para a Redução da Pobreza
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Boughton,   Duncan; Mather,   David; Tschirley,   David L.; Walker,   Thomas S.; Cunguara,   Benedito; Payongayong,   Ellen M.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Household; Income; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56067

The Impact of CO2 Emission Cuts on Income
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Zhao,   Xiaobing.
We study how carbon dioxide (CO2) emission cuts affect income for 23 OECD countries over the 1980-2004 period. The importance of this question is manifested in the disagreements at the 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen and the 2010 State of the Union Address by United States President Barack Obama. We start by deriving an income-CO2 relationship based on a structural production function, which is a natural way to model the relationship among income, energy consumption, and CO2 emissions. We then use a similar empirical methodology as Tucker (1995) to estimate the income-CO2 relationship. Such an approach not only allows us to focus on the long-run relationship but also enables us to project the relationship between income and CO2...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Carbon Dioxide Emissions; Income; Global Warming; Production Function; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103412

Impacts of Land Rental Markets on Rural Poverty in Kenya
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jin,   Songqing; Jayne,   Thomas S.
This study uses panel data from 1,142 Kenya smallholder households over four survey periods to examine the determinants of participation in land rental markets and to quantify the impact of renting land on households’ crop income and total income. We find that land rental markets in Kenya enhance productivity and are equitable. The results are consistent across different estimation methods and model specifications. Dynamic panel models were used to assess the impact of rental participation on households’ crop income and total income.  After controlling for the endogeneity of rental market participation and the persistent effects of lagged income, we find that the decision to rent land increased tenant households’ net crop (net total) income by 25.1 (6.6)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land rental market; Kenya; Income; Poverty; Dynamic model; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Land Economics/Use; O12; Q13; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103907

Federal Forest Policy and Community Prosperity in the Pacific Northwest
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Weber,   Bruce A.; Chen,   Yong.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Amenities; Community Wealth; Federal Forest Policy; Income; Northern Spotted Owl; Northwest Forest Plan; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; R11; R12.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122803

Groundwater pollution and emerging environmental challenges of industrial effluent irrigation in Mettupalayam Taluk, Tamil Nadu
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mukherjee,   Sacchidananda; Nelliyat,   Prakash.
Industrial disposal of effluents on land and the subsequent pollution of groundwater and soil of surrounding farmlands – is a relatively new area of research. The environmental and socioeconomic aspects of industrial effluent irrigation have not been studied as extensively as domestic sewage based irrigation practices, at least for a developing country like India. The disposal of effluents on land has become a regular practice for some industries. Industries located in Mettupalayam Taluk, Tamil Nadu, dispose their effluents on land, and the farmers of the adjacent farmlands have complained that their shallow open wells get polluted and also the salt content of the soil has started building up slowly. This study attempts to capture the environmental and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Groundwater; Water pollution; Income; Water quality; Irrigation water; Effluents; Wells; Drinking water; Domestic water; Households; Soil salinity; Crop management; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91902

Smallholder Income Diversification in Zambia: The Way Out of Poverty?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Bigsten,   Arne; Tengstam,   Sven.
This paper investigates the relationship between income diversification and income change within Zambian smallholder households, and investigates what the constraints of income diversification are in this group. A panel data set of roughly 7000 smallholder farmer households interviewed in 2001 and 2004 is used. Different combinations of the four main income generating activities – farm income, agricultural wage work, non-agricultural wagework, and own-business income – are analyzed.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Policy; Zambia; Africa; Smallholder; Income; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54490

FARMER BANKRUPTCIES AND FARM EXITS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1899-2002
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Stam,   Jerome M.; Dixon,   Bruce L.
Farmer bankruptcies, bankruptcy rates, and related issues are explored from the beginning of modern bankruptcy legislation over a century ago. Farmer bankruptcies historically have been controversial because they are thought to indicate changes in the economic well-being and structure of the rural economy. Concerns about farmer bankruptcies were heightened twice during the past century. The first was from 1920 through the Great Depression and the second was during the 1980s. Bankruptcy data for Chapters 7, 11, and 13 exist for farmers for the 1899-1980 period, but there are no Chapter 7, 11, or 13 farmer bankruptcy data available beginning in 1980. However, data are available for the 1986-2002 period for Chapter 12, the Family Farmer Bankruptcy Act of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Bankruptcy; Financial stress; Farm sector structure; Farm numbers; Foreclosure; Credit; Debt; Income; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33689

ASSIMETRIA NA ESCOLARIDADE INDUZ DESIGUALDADES NA DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE RENDA NO BRASIL
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lemos,   Jose De Jesus Sousa.
O estudo objetivou aferir as desigualdades na apropriação da renda no Brasil, regiões e estados, bem como a assimetria em escolaridade. A hipótese central da pesquisa é demonstrar que existe uma relação de causa e efeito entre escolaridade e renda no País. Para atingir  aos objetivos a pesquisa lança mãos dos dados brutos publicados pelo IBGE de PIB per capita em nível de municípios, estados, regiões e Brasil para 2005, bem como das Pesquisas Nacionais de Amostras por Domicílios (PNAD) cobrindo o período de 2001 a 2006. Estimam-se as escolaridades médias em todos os estados, regiões e Brasil, bem como as respectivas taxas de aceleração. Com base nessas informações projeta-se o diferencial de tempo necessário para que cada estado, região e o Brasil consigam...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Desigualdades; Renda; Níveis de Educação; Brasil; Inequalities; Income; Education Levels; Brazil.; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109630

A MEZŐGAZDASÁGI JÖVEDELMEK STABILITÁSA
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lamfalusi,   Ibolya.
A mezőgazdasági jövedelmek stabilitásának megteremtése mindenkor az ag-rárpolitika fontos törekvése. A mezőgazdaságból élőknek a termelői jövedelem nagysága és alakulása meghatározza a gazdálkodói életszínvonal minőségét. Az EU országok jövedelemstabilitási mutatóival összevetve a magyar mezőgazda-ságét meg¬állapítható, hogy a hazai gazdálkodók helyzete igen kedvezőtlen. Az ágazatban mind a nominális értéken vett jövedelem stabilitása, mind pedig a jövedelem re¬ál¬értéke kedvezőtlenül alakult. A reáljövedelem 1998 és 2005 között egyetlen évben sem érte el az 1998. évi 80%-át, sőt 2003-ban 50%-nál kevesebb volt.  A mezőgazdasági termelés jövedelemstabilitását a mezőgazdasági kibocsátás kiegyensúlyozottsága határozza meg alapvetően. A kibocsátás már magában...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Jövedelem; Stabilitás; Instabilitás; EU; Mezőgazdaság; Income; Stability; Instability; EU; Rural economy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57674

DESEMPENHO ECONÔMICO DO ASSENTAMENTO BARRA DO FEIJÃO NO ANO DE 2005
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Silva,   Etevaldo Almeida; Almeida,   Cleilson Pinto de.
Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar o desempenho econômico do Projeto de Assentamento Barra do Feijão localizado no município de Tabuleiro do Norte-CE no ano de 2005. Utilizou-se a renda como indicador de desempenho para atingir o objetivo proposto. Este indicador foi decomposto da mesma forma como fez Romeiro et al (1994) que agrupou a renda de assentamentos brasileiros em categorias como: renda agrícola líquida monetária; renda animal líquida monetária; renda de auto-consumo; renda de outros trabalhos; renda de outras receitas. No referido trabalho ainda foi acrescentado a esse conjunto de categoria a renda de benefícios. A análise dos dados demonstrou que a renda anual total do assentamento foi  de R$ 515.954,90, representando uma média mensal de R$...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Assentamento; Renda; Desempenho econômico; Seating; Income; Economic performance; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114118

Effects of Changes to Farm Program Payment Policies on the Distribution of  Payments and Income Inequality of Farm Households
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Durst,   Ron L.; El-Osta,   Hisham S.
In recent years, increasing attention has focused on the distribution of government payments, especially the share of payments that go to large farms and high-income farm households.  Farm commodity program payment limits were first introduced in the Agricultural Act of 1970.  The Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 for the first time supplemented program payment limits with a cap on the income farmers could earn and still receive farm program payments.  The 2008 Farm Act tightened payment limitations on some producers and replaced the total adjusted gross income (AGI) limit with separate lower caps for the farm and nonfarm components of AGI.  This research uses data from the Agricultural Resource  Management Survey (ARMS), a survey of farm...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Program payments; Farm households; Income; Inequality; Payment limits; Adjusted gross income; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60993

Making Market Information Services Work Better for the Poor in Uganda
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ferris,   Shaun; Engoru,   Patrick; Kaganzi,   Elly.
There is growing pressure for farmers in countries such as Uganda to accelerate their efforts to commercialize production in the face of increasing market competition from neighboring countries and across the world. To assist farmers, a new generation of low cost market information services is being developed that takes advantage of information and communication technologies such as FM radios, mobile phones, and internet-based communications systems, to enable farmers to monitor and adjust to dynamic market conditions in local, national, and export markets. Although there is much interest in market information from farmers, other market chain actors, and service providers, there is skepticism from funding agencies to support such services over the long...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market Information Services; Group Marketing; Collective Action; FM Radio; Mobile Phone; SMS; Income; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44350

Pedaling out of poverty:  Social impact of a manual irrigation technology in South Asia
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Shah,   Tushaar; Alam,   Mahmudul; Kumar,   M. Dinesh; Nagar,   Rashmi K.; Singh,   Mahendra.
An assessment of the social impact of treadle pump technology for manual irrigation in eastern India, the Nepal Terai, and Bangladesh, South Asia's so-called "poverty square." Treadle pump technology can be a powerful tool for poverty reduction in this region. It "self-selects" the poor, and puts to productive use the region's vast surplus family labor. It is claimed that the treadle pump could raise the annual net household income by US$100, on the average.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Treadle pump; Treadle pump technology; Technology transfer; Manual pumps; Water lifting; Low lift pumps; Aquifers; Poverty; Irrigated farming; Social impact; Income; Marketing; Pricing; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44571

O impacto do programa de microcrédito rural (Agroamigo) na melhoria das condições de vida das famílias beneficiadas no estado do Ceará: um estudo de caso
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Maciel,   Harine Matos; Khan,   Ahmad Saeed.
The main objective of the study is to verify the impact of program of small agricultural credit on the quality of life of the benefited families in the state of Ceara. The data was obtained through the application of questionnaires to the benefited families in the county of Quixada. Table, graphic and descriptive analysis were used to describe the collected data. The t-student, Tukey test and Kruskall-Wallis test were used to compare the mean values of selected variables and proportions of benefited and non benefited families were used, respectively. The employment per hectare cultivated is higher on the properties having cattle breeding and hog production activities financed by the credit program. The main of income of benefited and non benefited families...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Small rural credit; Employment; Income; Quality of life; Ceará; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53849

Impact of a Commodity Price Spike on Poverty Dynamics: Evidence from a Panel of Rural Households in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Balagtas,   Joseph Valdes; Bhandari,   Humnath; Mohanty,   Samarendu; Cabrera,   Ellanie; Hossain,   Mahabub.
In this paper we assess the effects of the dramatic rise in agricultural commodity prices during 2007-2008 on income dynamics and poverty among rural households in Bangladesh. We use data from a nationally representative longitudinal survey of rural households in Bangladesh collected in four waves in 1988, 2000, 2004, and 2008. Nargis and Hossain (2006) analysed income dynamics and poverty incidence for the first three waves, finding a declining trend in both the incidence and depth of poverty, aided by in particular by human capital development and the off-farm labor opportunities. Here we update the analysis to include data collected in 2008, at the height of the aforementioned spike in agricultural prices. We find that various measures of rural poverty...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Income; Commodity price spike; Rural households; Bangladesh; Panel data; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124225

The income generating capacity of vegetable forcing model farms
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Tegla,   Zsolt; Varga,   Erika; Hagen,   Istvan Zsombor.
Within the branch of horticultural production, vegetable forcing can play a very significant role in the future employment of the rural labour force, due to its less seasonal employment and high workforce demand. Taking the ecological endowments of Hungary into consideration the farms of the South Great Plains may play a decisive role in this. During our research we examined eight model hydro-cultured vegetable forcing farms that are competitive due to their income-generating capacity and are suitable for further development. We concluded that pepper forcing farms of 1 ha generated €138,980 SGM, tomato forcing farms €129,486 SGM and cucumber forcing farms €121,641 SGM. By dividing the Standard Gross Margin by €1,200 we found that the farms examined...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Production value; Variable costs; ESU; Vegetable forcing; Income; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Production Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48096

Effects of Japanese Import Demand on U.S. Livestock Prices: Comment
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kinnucan,   Henry W.
A recent study of Miljkovic, Marsh, and Brester estimates that reductions in the Japanese tariff-rate quota between 1993 and 2001 increased U.S. beef prices by $1.03 per cwt and yen depreciation between 1995 and 1998 reduced U.S. hog prices by $0.99 per cwt.  Relaxing the assumption that U.S. beef and hog supplies are fixed cuts the total elasticities underlying these estimates by 50% or more.  The upshot is that shocks in the Japanese market have little effect on U.S. beef and pork prices.  Hence, producers may be better off focusing on domestic issues such as dietary concerns over red meat consumption.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Elasticities; Exchange rates; Import demand; Income; Supply response; Tariffs; Q17; F14; C32.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43432

Crescimento dos vales do Tietê e Paraná: um enfoque de estoques de capitais
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Bernardes,   Elaine Mendonca; Peres,   Fernando Curi; Pavarina,   Paula R. de J. Pinsetta.
The study aimed at identifying factors limiting the Tietê and Paraná valleys economic growth. Specifically, it analyzed the importance of the capital stocks for economic growth of these and the other counties in São Paulo State. Nine factors were generated by Principal Components Method to represent the capital stocks and were denominated: Human Capital I; Physical Capital; Social Capital I; Human Capital II; Financial Capital I; Social Capital II; Natural Capital I; Financial Capital II; Natural Capital II. The percentage of the total variance explained by each stock of capital was 19.5% (human); 8.3% (social); 6.0% (financial); 5.9% (physical), and 4.8% (natural). The study indicated that there are two different groups concerning the income index in the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Economic development; Regional development; Capital stocks; Income; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54143

Explaining Variation in Farm and Farm Business Performance in Respect to Farmer Segmentation Analysis
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wilson,   Paul; Harper,   Nicholas; Darling,   Richard.
Results from a pilot application of Defra’s segmentation model applied to the Farm Business Survey for England are presented. Interviews with 750 FBS co-operators during 2010, using a discursive approach, classified co-operators into one of five segmentation groups: Custodians (14.0%); Lifestyle Choice (7.2%); Pragmatists (53.3%); Modern Family Business (21.1%); Challenged Enterprises (4.4%). On average, Modern Family Businesses operated the largest land area, achieved the greatest farm financial (and agricultural) output, and Farm Business Income (FBI), whilst the Lifestyle Choice segment returned the lowest average FBI. Variation in regional tendencies across the segmentation groups was observed, with variation also noted for forms of business, LFA and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Behaviour; Segmentation; Income; Output; Agriculture; Farm Management; D22; Q12; Q14; Q15; Q16; R52.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108783

Multiple regression analysis of the net income and consumption expenditure of Chinese rural households during 2007
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Da,   Wa; Xiao,   Hong; Zhuo,   Ma.
We use the regression analysis method of multivariate statistical analysis to establish a multiple linear regression model about the net income and consumption expenditure of Chinese rural households during the year 2007. This paper analyzes the internal relation between the net income and consumption expenditure of Chinese rural households according to the regression result. Some reasonable suggestions are put forward for raising the income of rural households and stimulating consumption.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Rural households; Income; Expenditure; Regression analysis; China; Consumer/Household Economics; Financial Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53439

Impactos socioeconômicos do cultivo de camarão marinho em municípios selecionados do Nordeste brasileiro
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Sampaio,   Yony; Costa,   Ecio de Farias; Albuquerque,   Erica; Sampaio,   Breno Ramos.
This paper analyses the impact of farmed shrimp on the economy of ten municipalities in the Northeast of Brazil. A model of the municipal economy is developed and input-output tables are used to estimate indirect and induced impacts on job, income and municipal finances. It is concluded that farmed shrimp has a sizable contribution to job increases, in particular formal employment. Indirect and induced impacts are reduced because of spillovers to larger municipalities and other states. Income impacts can be sizable in particular in small counties. In general, the generated income represents a large share of total municipal product. In relation to municipal finance, direct contribution is rather small but indirect, through product increases and mainly...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farmed shrimp; Municipal level impacts; Direct; Indirect and induced impacts; Job; Income; Tax impacts.; Agribusiness; Q10; Q22; R11.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61195

REFERENCE OF 1996 U.S. REGIONAL SHEEP HEALTH AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wineland,   Nora.
In 1995, the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) collaborated with the Research and Education Division of the American Sheep Industry Association (ASI) in developing a needs assessment tool to identify the most important health and productivity factors for the sheep industry. In collaboration with the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), a statistically designed producer sample was selected to provide estimates for the United States sheep population in the 48 contiguous states.   The NAHMS/ASI questionnaires were mailed to 19,807 sheep operations in January 1996; data were received and summarized from 5,174 respondents. It was estimated that in the 48 contiguous states, there were approximately 8,433,400 sheep as of January...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Sheep; Health; Disease; Death; Morbidity; Mortality; Economics; Predators; Vaccinations; Antibiotics; Income; Worms; Reproduction; Profitability; Regions; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32751

INTRODUCING NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR HOUSEHOLDS WITH MALNUTRITION: AN ETHIOPIAN CASE STUDY
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Yigezu,   Yigezu A.; Sanders,   John H.
Many developing regions have excellent potential agricultural resources. However, historically population has become so concentrated on such small holdings that acute poverty and malnutrition now predominate. The food scientists’ response to the chronic nutritional problem has often been subsidized bio-fortification with nutritional supplements or more recently cultivars with higher nutrient levels. Where much of the population is in this inadequate nutrition category as in highland Ethiopia, the supplements are neither financially feasible nor sustainable. The cultivars can provide a few critical nutrients but are not a comprehensive solution. To improve nutrition, it is necessary to increase income so that an increased quality and quantitative diet can...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Adoption; Agricultural technologies; Striga resistance; Inorganic fertilizers; Tied-ridges; Marketing strategies; Inventory credit; Nutrition; Income; Capped-lexicographic utility.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty; O13; O33; Q16; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36813

Designing gradual transition to market economies
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Adelman,   Irma; Berck,   Peter; Vujovic,   Dusan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic conditions; Income; Marketing; Prices; Socialism.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43669

Gendered Impact of Irrigated Rice Schemes’ Governance on Farmers’ Income, Productivity and Technical Efficiency in Benin
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kinkingninhoun-Medagbe,   Florent M.; Diagne,   Aliou; Agboh-Noameshie,   Afiavi R.; Adegbola,   Patrice Ygue.
Collective actions groups have many advantages and are sometimes essential, yet they can reinforce or perpetuate inter-and intra-gender inequalities when their functioning is left entirely subject to internal community dynamics and they are not well managed. This is well illustrated by the case of Koussin-Lélé rice scheme in the central Benin. This paper apply inequality indices and frontier production function to data from a sample of male and women rice farmers to analyze the gender inequalities in access to land and the governance of the groups, and their gender-differentiated impacts on farmers' productivity, technical efficiency and income. The results show that women are particularly discriminated against with regards to access to land, with...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Gender; Land distribution; Rice; Technical efficiency; Productivity; Income; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52156

FOOD EXPENDITURES BY U.S. HOUSEHOLDS:  LOOKING AHEAD TO 2020
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Blisard,   Noel; Variyam,   Jayachandran N.; Cromartie,   John.
By 2020, the effects of demographic changes and income growth will increase per capita spending on food 7.1 percent. Income growth alone, which will effect spending increases of almost 10 percent on away-from-home foods and 3 percent on at-home foods, will raise per capita food spending about 6 percent. Expansion of the Nation's population will drive growth in food demand and, combined with rising incomes and other demographic changes, is projected to boost total U.S. food spending 26.3 percent. On a national level, the slow but steady growth of the population will result in little variation among expenditure growth levels of individual food groups. The largest projected increase is for fruits, up 27.5 percent, while the smallest is for both beef and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Household food expenditures; Income; Demographics; Projections; Consumer Expenditure Survey; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34045

Irrigation, poverty and inequality in rural China
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Huang,   Qiuqiong; Dawe,   David; Rozelle,   Scott; Huang,   Jikun; Wang,   Jinxia.
This paper examines the impact of irrigation on rural incomes, poverty and the income distribution in rural China. The relationship between irrigation and income is examined using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis. A simulation approach is used to explore the impact of irrigation on poverty incidence. To uncover the effect of irrigation on the income distribution, inequality is decomposed by source of income, by group according to access to irrigation and by estimated income flows as a result of specific household characteristics. The results show that irrigation increases income and reduces poverty and inequality.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Income; Inequality; Irrigation; Poverty; Rural China; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118443

The Effect of Information and Market Access on Adopters' Income Level
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nwankwo,   Uche M.; Wolfgang,   Bokelmann.
This paper is aimed at relating income fluctuation with adoptable innovations, adopter category and their access to some variables than those explained in the neoclassical economics principle of labor market demand and supply equilibrium. Using a quantitative and qualitative case study of some farmers in two States, we considered whether respondents are earning enough income and what constraints they face. The von Hipple’s lead user concept and decision model of risk aversion under uncertainty were used to explain causes of variability. Notably, farmers with enough steady income have access to market, various information and are less risk averse.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Variability; Information; Income; Adoption; Market.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48101

The Food and Fiber System: Contributing to the U.S. and World Economies
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lipton,   Kathryn L.
Even though farming accounts for only about 1 percent of the total national workforce, it is at the core of the food and fiber system. The system is one of the largest sectors in the U.S. economy, and is comprised of industries related to farming, including feed, seed, fertilizer, machinery, food processing, manufacturing, and exporting. The interrelationships among the sectors of the food and fiber system and the U.S. and world economies are many and complex. As a result, U.S. and world policies and economic factors--such as interest and inflation rates--play a critical role in everything from the cost and availability of farm credit to the demand for farm products at home and abroad. The farm crisis of the 1980's illustrates how specific economic events...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farming; Food and fiber system; Industries; Gross domestic product; Income; Employment; Input/output analysis; Agricultural trade; Rural economy; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33761

Policies Affecting or Facilitating Resource Adjustment in Agriculture in the European Union
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Cahill,   Carmel; Hill,   Berkeley.
Structural policy in the EU is ambiguous in its aims and contains conflicting elements. Interventions to ease change are combined with defensive measures that support income and discourage some aspects of adjustment. Structural change is a complex process and the number of farms is an incomplete indicator. Most adjustment takes place without active public assistance. Structural measures at EU level are now mostly within the rural development pillar of the Common Agricultural Policy. Their performance is mixed. However, many countries also have national policies, especially on taxation and land transfer, whose influence on adjustment must not be overlooked.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Adjustment; Farm; Income; Policy; Rural development; Taxation; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15764

An Overview of the Canadian Agriculture and Agri-Food System 2009
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
This 2009 report provides an economic overview of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  It is meant to be a multi-purpose reference document to provide:  an introduction to the agriculture and agri-food system;  a snapshot of structural changes that are occurring throughout the system in response to various factors; and  background data and information to inform public discussions on challenges and opportunities facing the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  Charts and tables with brief accompanying texts are used to summarize information and to provide base performance indicators.  The 2009 report begins with a special feature which describes indicators to benchmark competitiveness of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food sector at the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agri-food; Competitiveness; Consumers; GDP; Employment; Exports; Imports; Innovation; Inflation; Farm typology; Income; Government support; Program payments; Profitability; Processing; Concentration; Water; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59885

An Empirical Investigation of Short and Long-run Agricultural Wage Formation in Ghana
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Abdulai,   Awudu; Delgado,   Christopher L.
This paper investigates empirically the factors that influence real agricultural wage rates in Ghana, based on 1957 to 1991 data. The Johansen cointegration framework is used to examine long-run relationships among agricultural and urban wage rates, the domestic terms of trade between agriculture and nonagriculture, urban unemployment, capital stock in agriculture and the size of the rural population. An error correction model is then used to investigate short-run dynamic relationships among the variables. The results show that: (1) there is only one stable equilibrium relationship among agricultural wage rates and their determinants in the long-run; (2) a 1 percent change in the domestic terms of trade between agriculture and non-agriculture leads to a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Income; Ghana; Agriculture; Economic Aspects; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97382

Irrigation impacts on income inequality and poverty alleviation: policy issues and options for improved management of irrigation systems.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Bhattarai,   Madhusudan; Sakthivadivel,   Ramasamy; Hussain,   Intizar.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Policy; Income; Poverty; Social aspects; Economic aspects; Water allocation; Irrigation canals; Irrigated farming; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92694

A structural model of wealth, obesity and health in the UK
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mazzocchi,   Mario; Traill,   W. Bruce.
Based on a household health production framework, this paper exploits the combination of socioeconomic, health and nutrition information from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey to analyze the endogenous relationship among wealth, nutrition, weight and the final health outcomes. Results show that higher wealth determines lower weight and better health as expected, but through a better diet rather than extra exercise or lower calorie consumption.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Structural Equation Modelling; Body Mass Index; Diet; Blood Pressure; Income; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43968

PRODUÇÃO SUSTENTÁVEL EM RESERVAS EXTRATIVISTAS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Valiante,   Jose Otavio; Siena,   Osmar.
Este trabalho discute questões relacionadas à produção sustentável em Reservas Extrativistas (RESEX). Com a finalidade de identificar temas prioritários foi aplicada a ferramenta Brainwriting 6-3-5, tendo como pano de fundo a Reserva Extrativista do Rio Ouro Preto/RO, com uma equipe de técnicos do IBAMA em Guajará-Mirim/RO e representantes da comunidade da RESEX. Em um segundo momento foi aplicado um questionário de levantamento de dados da produção atual das Unidades Familiares da comunidade Nossa Senhora dos Seringueiros, uma das dez que compõem a RESEX do Rio Ouro Preto. O estudo indicou que a simples criação de RESEXs não se mostra suficiente para a sustentabilidade econômica, social e ambiental das unidades e sua população. Mostrou também que o...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Reservas Extrativistas; Produção Sustentável; Renda; Extrativismo; Extractive Reserve; Sustainable Production; Income; Extractivism; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110041

IMPORTANCE OF INCOME IN COW-CALF MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCTIVITY
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
The USDA's National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) collected data on management practices and cow-calf herds as a source of family income from a representative sample of cow-calf producers from 23 of the leading cow-calf states.  Overall, 2,713 producers with one or more beef cows participated in the NAHMS Beef '97 Study, representing 85.7 percent of the beef cows and 77.6 percent of the beef cow operations in the United States as of January 1997. Producers whose cow-calf herds were the primary source of family income were more productive than those whose herds were a supplemental source of income. Cow-calf herds were the primary source of income for 14 percent of the producers and provided supplemental income for 69 percent of the producers....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Beef; Cattle; Cow-calf; Epidemiology; Economics; Marketing; Management; Production; Income; Dehorning; Castration; Vaccinations; Breeding; Calving; Semen testing; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32792

Nutrient Demand Elasticities with Noisy Measures of Household Resources
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Gibson,   John.
Many studies suggest that changes in household economic resources (incomes and expenditure) have little effect on nutrient intakes and child malnutrition in developing countries. This paper examines the impact that errors-in-variables have on inferences about the importance of household incomes to the calorie and protein demands of households. Results are based on a new household survey from Papua New Guinea, with repeated observations on households during the year. These repeated observations allow regression estimates to be corrected for the differing reliabilities of the explanatory variables.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Errors-in-variables; Income; Nutrition; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I32; O15.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123807

¿Crisis real o crisis de expectativas?: el empleo en el Perú antes y después de las reformas estructurales
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Saavedra Chanduvi,   Jaime.
En esta investigación se analizan los mecanismos de ajuste del mercado de trabajo entre 1986 y 1997. Luego de un estancamiento del empleo entre 1988 y 1992, periodo recesivo en el cual el mercado de trabajo se ajustó a través de una reducción en los ingresos reales y una menor tasa de participación laboral, a partir de 1993, el empleo empezó a crecer junto con el nivel de actividad económica. El mercado de trabajo fue capaz de absorber el aumento de la oferta de empleo en ese periodo. El aumento del empleo fue generado íntegramente por el sector privado, ya que el empleo público se redujo. Sin embargo, hay grupos demográficos específicos, como los hombres de mayor edad, para quienes el crecimiento del empleo ha sido muy pequeño, y las probabilidades de...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Empleo; Desempleo; Ingreso; Mercado de trabajo; Sector informal; Ajuste estructural; Employment; Unemployment; Income; Labour market; Informal sector; Structural adjustment; Peru; Labor and Human Capital; E24; D31; J2; J4.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37981

THE ROLE OF ECONOMICS IN EATING CHOICES AND WEIGHT OUTCOMES
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mancino,   Lisa; Lin,   Biing-Hwan; Ballenger,   Nicole.
We use data from the USDA's 1994-96 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals and the 1994-96 Diet and Health Knowledge Survey to ascertain whether economic factors help explain weight differences among adults. Weight differs among demographic subgroups, and differences in specific behaviors, health awareness, and eating patterns can be linked to weight outcomes. An economic framework helps explain how socioeconomic factors affect an individual's ability to achieve good health. Our results suggest that income, household composition, and formal education help explain variation in behaviors and attitudes that are significantly associated with weight outcomes.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Obesity; CSFII; DHKS; Weight; Age; Income; Education; Race/ethnicity; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33781

Mercado local, produção familiar e desenvolvimento: estudo de caso da feira de Turmalina, Vale do Jequitinhonha, MG
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Angulo,   Jose Luis Gutiérrez.
Development programs need to broaden their assistance works so as to reach the poorer population in the shape of concrete alternatives in very localized action fields. This is the case of the free agri-fairs by family agriculturists. Such fairs come to be the main commercial link between the producer and the urban center society which allows him to fare income to his family. Thus, this paper analyses the dynamic familyagriculturists’ fair in Turmalina town., Alto Jequitinhonha, MG. When analysing the problematic of producers in the fair and their relationship with other social agents, one seeks to understanding the reach of the fair in economical terms, that is, the workforce used and the forms of income-building to this local market. A fundamental part of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Family agriculture; Income; Social space; Free fair; Commercialization.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43586

Changes in Rural Household Income Patterns in Mozambique, 1996-2002, and Implications for Agriculture’s Contribution to Poverty Reduction.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Boughton,   Duncan; Mather,   David; Tschirley,   David L.; Walker,   Thomas S.; Cunguara,   Benedito; Payongayong,   Ellen M.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Household; Income; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56066

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF LABOR OUT MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES ON INCOME AND RICE PRODUCTIVITY IN THE PHILIPPINES, THAILAND AND VIETNAM
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Paris,   Thelma R.; Rola-Rubzen,   Maria Fay; Luis,   Joyce; Thi Ngoc Chi,   Truong; Wongsanum,   Chaicharn; Villanueva,   Donald.
Out migration from rural areas is increasingly becoming a strategy to get out of poverty. While rice–based agriculture remains to be the backbone in Southeast Asia, majority of the farming households particularly those who produce rice under rainfed conditions remain poor and insecure. This paper examines the relationship between migration and other socio-economic factors on household income using data from 1,874 rice sample farming households in Vietnam (north and south), Thailand (northeast) and Philippines (Luzon island). In the Philippines, remittances contribute about 60 per cent of household income of recipient families. In Thailand and Vietnam, these constitute about 40 per cent of total household income. International migration is most prevalent in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Migration; Remittances; Income; Rice; Farming systems.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48030

Microfinanças e inclusão social – um estudo de caso
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lima,   Maria Lucinda Silva; Carvalho,   Lucas Araujo; Vidal,   Marcelo Barbosa.
O microcrédito hoje é um fator que vem contribuindo para o desenvolvimento econômico-social de pequenos e médios negócios, urbanos ou rurais. A política creditícia, regra geral é inacessível à maioria dos pequenos produtores ou empresários de pequeno porte, que não atendem as exigências de garantia real dos financiamentos bancários. Diante deste cenário é necessário criar instrumentos e estratégias adequadas às necessidades específicas destas categorias. Assim, o microcrédito, como instrumento alternativo à política tradicional, se apresenta como opção aos pequenos e médios empreendedores em suas demanda de recursos financeiros para investimento ou custeio de seus negócios. No Estado do Acre o microcrédito vem sendo utilizado em alguns municípios, como...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crocrédito; Renda; Desenvolvimento; Microcredit; Income; Development.; Financial Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107910

Benefício previdenciário rural por idade no município de Santo Antônio do Sudoeste: contraposição das abordagens tradicional e das capacitações
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Batista,   Angelita Pereira; Iser,   Luciana.
A partir da análise do papel dos benefícios de aposentadoria rurais, retroativo e mensal, no município de Santo Antonio do Sudoeste, constatou-se que o benefício mensal é uma fonte de renda para suprir necessidades básicas de consumo. As famílias dos segurados são mais “pobres” em termos de privações de capacidades (abordagem das capacitações) do que em termos de renda (abordagem tradicional). Privações como baixo nível de escolaridade, de acesso a informações, e problemas de saúde os impedem de realizar atividades que possibilitem condições diferenciadas das vividas atualmente, ou seja, dificultam a participação efetiva na comunidade (integração social, política e econômica).----------------------From the analysis of the role of rural retirement benefits,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Previdência rural; Agricultura familiar; Capacitações; Renda; Rural security; Family agriculture; Capabilities; Income; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108190

A MAGYARORSZÁGI JUHTARTÁS JÖVEDELMEZŐSÉGE
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Fenyves,   Veronika; Ertsey,   Imre.
A magyar juhágazat jövedelmi helyzetét 1998-2005 között vizsgálva azt mondhatjuk, hogy az ágazat minden évben veszteséges volt, bruttó jövedelmet két évben, 2001-ben és 2002-ben ért el. A juhtartással foglalkozó gazdálkodók a különféle támogatási lehetőségek maximális kihasználásával az ágazat jövedelmi pozícióján jelentősen javíthatnak. A támogatások igénybevételén túl a jövedel-mezőségi helyzetük javításának forrása a piaci alkalmazkodás, illetve a techno-lógia javítása. Ha a termékeik értékesítési arányát növelnék a karácsonyi sze-zonban a jelenlegi húsvéti értékesítéssel szemben, valamint a kos, illetve a jerke-bárányok értékesítésében a termelők figyelembe vennék azt, hogy jelentősen eltér a két ivar hízlalásának jövedelmezősége az értékesítési súly...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Jövedelem; Termelési költség; Árbevétel; Income; Production cost; Return from sales; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57651

2nd Forum on Irrigation and water for sustainable development: 15 –16 December, 2008 Ghion Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Awulachew,   Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa,   Teklu; Balcha,   Yodit.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainable development; Irrigation management; Irrigation water; Irrigated farming; Irrigation systems; Supplemental irrigation; Land management; Land use; Investment; Case studies; Government policy; Rural poverty; Groundwater; Small scale systems; Socioeconomic development; Economic aspects; Economic growth; Income; Water management; Water resources development; Water harvesting; Water supply; Public policy; Agricultural production; Developing countries; Public-private cooperation; History; Case studies; River basins; Crop production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118411

LOW INCOME AND POOR HEALTH CHOICES: THE EXAMPLE OF SMOKING
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Binkley,   James K.
People with low incomes tend to make less healthy consumption choices than do high income people. In the case of food, agricultural economists have investigated whether this is due to the cost of a healthy diet. Studies of various aspects of the nutrition-income nexus have generally been inconclusive. We investigate a different possibility, motivated by the fact that low income individuals are most likely to be smokers, which cannot be due to limited budgets. Drawing on a body of related literature, we develop a model in which income serves not only as a budget constraint but also as a source of future utility. We test the model by estimating logistic models of beginning and quitting smoking. We find support for the idea that low income consumers make less...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Income; Food Choice; Smoking; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; D12; I12; I18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58419

Measuring the Impact of Public and Private Assets on Household Crop Income in Rural Mozambique, 2002-2005
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mather,   David.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Income; Mozambique; Africa; Food security; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56073

Combination of the Swiss agrarian sector model SILAS-dyn with the life cycle assessment tool SALCA
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Zimmermann,   Albert.
The agricultural sector model SILAS-dyn has been used by Agroscope ART for 10 years for the political advisory of the Swiss agricultural administration. To evaluate the environmental effects of different policy scenarios, a LCA module has been developed, connecting a hierarchical linkage to an existing LCA calculating tool. This lowers the formulation input and simplifies the adaptation of updated environmental models. The results of four scenarios show, through the example of energy use as an environmental impact, that indirect effects, such as energy use in the context of imported concentrates, can influence conclusions significantly. The scenario suggesting an increase of fertiliser prices does not change the results significantly, whereas higher energy...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sector model; LP; Political advisory; LCA; Income; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6603

Sigma convergence in Hungarian agriculture
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lamfalusi,   Ibolya.
The present paper provides an analysis of agricultural sigma convergence in four old Member States and in Hungary. The analysis was derived from the output and input data from the Economic Accounts for Agriculture between 1990-2005. The results obtained indicate significant convergence in the old Member States and Hungary. First of all this held true for incomes but the inputs do not reveal a perceptible pattern. However, in terms of outputs Hungary lags well behind the Old Member States, but the difference is not nearly as great for inputs. This can probably be explained by the fact that the rate of increase for inputs is higher than for producer prices, meaning the relative prices of agricultural output and input products (agricultural terms of trade)...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Sigma convergence; EU; Agriculture; Income; Indicators; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46660

Rural Growth Linkages in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ngqangweni,   Simphiwe.
This report addresses the impact of rising smallholder incomes on local nonagricultural development in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. It determines how increased rural incomes are spent on a mix of goods and services, and debates the implications of these spending patterns for growth in rural areas through the alleviation of demand constraints. These results make it possible to identify areas of intervention necessary for sustaining growth originating from stimulus to tradable agriculture from economic reforms. This report thus contributes to an emerging literature on the possible impact of promoting smallholder agriculture in South Africa on rural livelihoods.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Income; Agricultural development; Southern Africa; Consumer behavior; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97391

JAPANESE IMPORT DEMAND FOR U.S. BEEF AND PORK: EFFECTS ON U.S. RED MEAT EXPORTS AND LIVESTOCK PRICES
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Miljkovic,   Dragan; Marsh,   John M.; Brester,   Gary W.
Japanese import demand for U.S. beef and pork products and the effects on domestic livestock prices are econometrically estimated.  Japan is the most important export market for U.S. beef and pork products.  Results indicate foreign income, exchange rates, and protectionist measures are statistically significant.  The comparative statistics quantify the effects of recent economic volatility.  For example, the 1995-1998 depreciation in the Japanese yen (39%) reduced U.S. slaughter steer and hog prices by $1.29 per cwt and $0.99 per cwt, respectively, while the 1994-1998 reduction in tariffs (14%) increased slaughter steer and hog prices by $0.49 per cwt and $0.33 per cwt, respectively.  Livestock producers will continue to have a vested interest in Asian...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Elasticities; Exchange rates; Import demand; Income; Tariffs; Demand and Price Analysis; Q17; F14; C32.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15072

MULTIPLICADORES DE EMPREGO E RENDA DA INDÚSTRIA BRASILEIRA DE AÇÚCAR EM 2004
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kureski,   Ricardo; Maia,   Katy; Rodrigues,   Rossana Lott; Hardt,   Letica Peret Antunes.
Este artigo apresenta os multiplicadores de empregos e renda diretos, indiretos e induzidos da economia brasileira, dando ênfase para a indústria de açúcar. O primeiro passo para a realização do trabalho foi estimar a matriz de  insumo-produto do Brasil para 2004. Estimou-se que para cada 1  milhão de reais de aumento na demanda agregada a indústria de açúcar cria 27 empregos e 264,1 mil reais em renda. Aplicando-se esses multiplicadores ao valor da demanda final da indústria de açúcar, o resultado foram 118,2 mil empregos e 3.839 milhões de reais de renda, considerando os efeitos diretos, indiretos e induzidos. ----------------------------------------------This article presents the inducement of direct and indirect employment and income multiplier, of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Indústria; Açúcar; Multiplicadores; Emprego; Renda; Industry; Sugar; Multipliers; Employment; Income; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109721

Adoption and Impacts of Zero-Tillage in the Rice-Wheat Zone of Irrigated Haryana, India
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Erenstein,   Olaf; Malik,   R.K.; Singh,   Sher.
This study documents the adoption and impacts of zero-tillage (ZT) wheat in the rice-wheat systems of India’s Haryana State primarily drawing on a detailed empirical survey of 400 rice-wheat farmers. Our random stratified sample revealed 34.5% to be ZT wheat adopters and a quarter of the wheat area in the surveyed communities to be under ZT. The study suggests the potential for further diffusion but also flags the issue of disadoption (10%). ZT adopters, non-adopters, and disadopters differ significantly in terms of their resource bases, with adopters typically showing the most favorable values. ZT drastically reduces tractor operations in farmers’ ZT wheat fields from an average of 8 passes to a single pass, implying a saving of 6 tractor hours and 36...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Wheat; Rice; Agricultural development; Innovation adoption; Drilling equipment; Farming systems; Zero tillage; Production costs; Credit; Income; India; Crop Production/Industries; E16; F08.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56092

Impacts of Population and Income Growth Rates on Threatened Mammals and Birds
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Pandit,   Ram; Laband,   David N.
Per capita income and human population levels in a country have direct influences on its environmental outcomes. Countries with same level of income may have different rate of income growth and vice versa, suggesting that the influence of the rate of income growth on environmental outcomes could be different than that of income level. Similarly, the rate of population growth might have different impact in addition to the impacts of sheer number of population. We explore this empirical question using country-level data on threatened species published by IUCN for the year 2007. Controlling for other factors, our model estimates the influences of the rate of population and income growth on threatened mammals and birds across 113 continental countries. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Income; Population; Spatial models; Spatial autocorrelation; Endemic species; Biodiversity; Environmental Economics and Policy; C21; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101404

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF BROILER PRODUCTION AT MIANGO PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kalla,   D.J.U.; Barrier,   G.; Haruna,   U.; Abubakar,   Mukhtar Aishatu; Hamidu,   B.M.; Murtala,   N.
This paper evaluate the economics of broiler production at Miango, Plateau State, Nigeria using a – 9 years record (1992 – 2000). During the period, 76 batches of broilers were reared to point of slaughter. The results shows that the enterprise incurred an average total variable cost of N620,6333.31 out of which feeding cost, day old chicks (stock) and mortality cost represents 58.13%, 19.13% and of 9.64% of the total cost of production, respectively. Total revenue within the period was estimated to be N763,969.44 which was mainly generated from the sales of broiler birds. The gross margin was found to be N143,334.13 with N0.23 as the returns per naira invested in the enterprise. Thus the broiler production is a profitable venture in the study area.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Broilers; Income; Investment &amp; Profitability; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54388

Valuing water in irrigated agriculture and reservoir fisheries:  A multiple-use irrigation system in Sri Lanka
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Renwick,   Mary E.
Although irrigation projects often provide water for more than crop irrigation, water allocation and management decisions often do not account for nonirrigation uses of water. Failure to account for the multiple uses of irrigation water may result in inefficient and inequitable water allocation decisions. Decision-makers often lack information on the relative economic contributions of water in irrigation and nonirrigation uses. This report addresses this problem. It examines the relative economic contributions of irrigated agriculture and reservoir fisheries in the Kirindi Oya irrigation system, located in southeastern Sri Lanka. The results of the analysis indicate the importance of both irrigated paddy production and reservoir fisheries to the local...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Water management; Irrigation programs; Irrigated farming; Rice; Production costs; Income; Economic evaluation; Water allocation; Water delivery; Fisheries; Reservoirs; Productivity; Crop production; Models; Family labor; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44569

Irrigation Kuznets  Curve, governance and dynamics of irrigation development: A global cross-country analysis from 1972 to 1991
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Bhattarai,   Madhusudan.
This report verifies the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for irrigation. The EKC hypothesis suggests for an inverse U-shaped (or concave) relationship between the level of environmental degradation and income in a given society. The EKC hypothesis also implies that some form of environmental deterioration appears inevitable during the initial stage of development, but subsequent increases in the societal income would generate enough incentives to improve the environmental quality. In line with this reasoning, the EKC relationship for irrigation (referred to here as Irrigation Kuznets Curve, or IKC) hypothesizes that the demand for irrigation is greater at the initial stage of development and that irrigation demand declines as societal income...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Models; Economic aspects; Irrigated farming; Income; Policy; Governance; Productivity; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43246

THE STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA: ECONOMIC OUTLOOK
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Leistritz,   F. Larry.
This paper summarizes the general condition of the North Dakota economy and the outlook for the next few years, addressing recent and projected changes in employment, personal income, and population. Forces affecting the growth and decline of various economic sectors are discussed, and specific examples of new or expanding firms in various economic sectors are presented. Differences in economic performance among regions of the state and between urban and rural areas are examined, and major factors affecting the state's economy over the next two to five years are explored.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic outlook; North Dakota; Employment; Income; Population; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23078

AUTOGESTÃO E ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA NO ESTADO DO ACRE
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Franco,   Carlos Alberto; Marques,   Adriana Da Silva; Silva,   Pablo Marques Da; Cunha,   Davilson Marques; Paula,   Rondinelli Vitorino De.
Devido o aumento do desemprego e as péssimas condições de trabalho varias iniciativas vem se desenvolvendo no Brasil no campo da economia solidária. As experiências de geração de trabalho e renda vem se desenvolvendo em todas as regiões do país, de forma solidaria e associativa. Essas iniciativas que se mostravam isoladas deram lugar a uma realidade que se expande, motivando a ação de entidades de classe e de política públicas, orientadas para uma economia alternativa que está em processo de formação. A idéia do trabalho é refletir sobre essa nova forma de organização que vem crescendo no Estado do Acre, sendo assim este trabalho tem como objetivo geral traçar o perfil dos empreendimentos solidários no Estado do...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economia Solidária; Autogestão e Geração de Trabalho e Renda; Economic solidarity; Selfmanagment; Income; Work; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109442

Local Effects of Hog Production on Farm and Non-Farm Economic Outcomes
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Sneeringer,   Stacy E.; Hertz,   Thomas.
In the past 20 years the average scale of hog operations has expanded more than fourfold, and some of the new large-scale hog feeding operations have been opposed by residents in some communities. While the environmental effects of such production have been relatively well studied, less examined are its potential positive effects on local labor markets and economies.  Existing estimates based on production-function and input-output analysis imply that each additional 1000 hogs in inventory in a county generates between 3 and 7 local jobs.  In this paper we adopt an econometric approach instead, to estimate the effects of changes in hog production on changes in both farm and non-farm outcomes. We find that total county employment increases by less than...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Employment; Income; Hogs; Labor and Human Capital; Livestock Production/Industries; Q5.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61463

Ökologischer Landbau in Nordrhein-Westfalen: Empirische Analyse und Bestimmungsgründe der heterogenen räumlichen Verteilung
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Haas,   Guido.
In North-Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), the most populated German state (18 million people), 2.6% of the agricultural area is farmed organically (as of 1.1.2002). Using data derived from the NRW statistical office, the statewide extension agencies and organic farmers’ organisations, the geographical distribution of the organic farms was investigated by correlating general conditions and the economic and natural environment. The organically farmed area varied widely - from 0.1 to 7.5% of total agricultural area - over the 34 administrative districts of NRW. The focus of this study is an analysis of the agricultural structure to understand the heterogeneous distribution of organic farms in NRW. In certain parts of NRW, highly specialised intensive farming creates a...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Organic agriculture; North-Rhine-Westphalia; Farm type; Livestock production; Crop production; Grassland; Income; Rent; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97207

The Analysis of the Basic Features of Peasant Households with Different Income Levels - A Case of 259 Peasant Households in Three Villages of Hebei Province, China
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Chen,   Jun-min.
According to the urban and rural income levels and the national poverty line, peasant households are classified into poor households, middle-income households and wealthy households. Based on the investigation data of 259 peasant households in three villages of Hebei Province, the features of family structure, economy, ideology and communication of peasant households with different income levels in current status are analyzed. The result shows that there are great differences in family structure, ideology, economy and communication of peasant households with different income levels. The low-income households are featured by unreasonable family structure, heavy burden, conservative behavior and blocking information. While the middle and high income...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Peasant households; Income; Basic features; China; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93464

CONSUMPTION INSURANCE AND VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY: A SYNTHESIS OF THE EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESH, ETHIOPIA, MALI, MEXICO, AND RUSSIA
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Skoufias,   Emmanuel; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.
This paper synthesizes the results of five studies using household panel data from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Mali, Mexico and Russia, which examine the extent to which households are able through formal and/or informal arrangements to insure their consumption from specific economic shocks and fluctuations in their real income. Building on the recent literature of consumption smoothing and risk sharing, the degree of consumption insurance is defined by the degree to which the growth rate of household consumption covaries with the growth rate of household income. All the cases studies show that food consumption is better insured than nonfood consumption from idiosyncratic shocks. Adjustments in nonfood consumption appear to act as a mechanism for partially...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Consumption; Ethiopia; Income; Mali; Mexico; Poverty; Risk-sharing; Russia; Vulnerability; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16424

REFERENCE OF 1996 U.S. SHEEP HEALTH AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wineland,   Nora.
In 1995, the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) collaborated with the Research and Education Division of the American Sheep Industry Association (ASI) in developing a needs assessment tool to identify the most important health and productivity factors for the sheep industry. In collaboration with the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), a statistically designed producer sample was selected to provide estimates for the United States sheep population in the 48 contiguous states. The NAHMS/ASI questionnaires were mailed to 19,807 sheep operations in January 1996; data were received and summarized from 5,174 respondents. It was estimated that in the 48 contiguous states, there were 82,040 operations with sheep as of 1995;...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Sheep; Health; Disease; Death; Morbidity; Mortality; Economics; Predators; Vaccinations; Antibiotics; Income; Worms; Reproduction; Profitability; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32743

SUSTAINABILITY DIMENSIONS AND INCOME PROSPECTS FOR THE FARMING SYSTEMS IN THE NEW MEMBER STATES
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Cristoiu,   Adriana; Cobos,   Blanca Lucena; Caceres-Clavero,   Francisco.
An investigation carried out at the farming system level on the sustainability dimensions and agricultural income prospects in the Czech Republic and Lithuania under the implementation of the 2003 common agricultural policy reform reveals (a) the economic dimension as the leading one in terms of the overall sustainability rank position farming systems achieved, and (b) that under certain policy scenario assumptions, adoption of energy crops (Czech Republic) or conversion to organic farming (Lithuania) trigger potentially the highest farm gross income at the 2013 time horizon.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Dimensions; Systems; CAP; NMS; Income; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8514

Poverty reduction through improved agricultural water management; Proceedings of the Workshop on Pro-poor Intervention Strategies in Irrigated Agriculture in Asia Islamabad, Pakistan, 23-24 April 2003
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water management; Irrigated farming; Poverty; Food security; Households; Income; Drought; Forest policy; Natural disasters; Land ownership; Groundwater; Water market; Water balance; Legislation; Tube wells; Institutional development; Crop production; Wages; Economic aspects; Tillage; Water harvesting; Public policy; Surface water; Labor; Exports; Public sector; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118414

DEMAND FOR FOOD QUANTITY AND QUALITY IN CHINA
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Gale,   H. Frederick, Jr.; Huang,   Kuo S.
As their incomes rise, Chinese consumers are changing their diets and demanding greater quality, convenience, and safety in food. Food expenditures grow faster than quantities purchased as income rises, suggesting that consumers with higher incomes purchase more expensive foods. The top-earning Chinese households appear to have reached a point where the income elasticity of demand for quantity of most foods is near zero. China’s food market is becoming segmented. The demand for quality by high-income households has fueled recent growth in modern food retail and sales of premium-priced food and beverage products. Food expenditures and incomes have grown much more slowly for rural and low-income urban households.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: China; Food; Consumption; Demand; Income; Elasticities; Engel curve; Households; Rural; Urban; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7252

DYNAMICS IN THE MACROECONOMY AND THE U.S. AGRICULTURAL TRADE BALANCE
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Koo,   Won W.
The effects of the exchange rate and the income and money supply of the United States and its major trading partners on the U.S. agricultural trade balance are examined using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Results suggest that the exchange rate is the key determinant of the short- and long-run behavior of the trade balance. It is also found that the income and money supply in both the United States and the trading partners have significant impacts on the U.S. agricultural trade in both the short- and long-run.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade balance; Autoregressive distributed lag model; Exchange rate; Income; Macroeconomy; Money supply; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23619

Developing effective institutions for water resources management:  A case study in the Deduru Oya Basin, Sri Lanka
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Somaratne,   Pallewatte G.; Jinapala,   Kiribandage; Perera,   L.R.; Ariyaratne,   Badugodahewa Ranjith; Bandaragoda,   Don Jayatissa; Makin,   I.W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: River basins; Water resource management; Water lifting; Wells; Domestic water; Population; Economic aspects; Income; Irrigation programs; Institutions; Policy; Groundwater; Agricultural development; Fish farming; Pumps; Ecology; Water supply; Drought; Poverty; Land use; Water scarcity; Natural resources; Agricultural production; Cropping systems; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Production Economics; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92665

Nutrient elasticities among Nigerian households differentiated by income
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Akinleye,   S.O.; Rahji,   M.A.Y.
Food calorie intake has been found to have a strong empirical linkage with both human health and productivity. In a study to determine the probable influence of price and income changes on the availability of food nutrients to Nigerian households segmented by income, demand elasticities were obtained for survey respondents and the nutritional effects of changes arising from changes in income and prices were computed using both the AIDS methodology and a technique developed by Huang. The findings show that guinea corn is the food that would have the greatest implications for the nutrient status of low income households. Millet, guinea corn and maize and rice, beans and maize respectively are the food items of note for the households whose heads earn average...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food demand; Income; Almost ideal demand system (AIDS); Nigeria; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10126

Measuring the Economic Impact of Tourism and Special Events: Lessons from Mississippi
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Myles,   Albert E.; Carter,   Rachael.
With the use of this dynamic spreadsheet model, tourism managers can gain valuable insight into tourism and special events.  This insight can help them plan future events or evaluate whether the costs of producing these events are justified by the benefits.  Visitor spending from outside the county creates direct sales in the local economy.  Each dollar of direct sales adds indirect and induced spending in the county.  Besides these impacts, visitor spending produces labor income and jobs for residents in the county.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economic impact; Activity; Event; Employment; Income; Sales; And tax revenues direct; Indirect; And total impact; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46857

Adoption et Impact Socio-Esonomique de la semi-mecanisation du Procede de Transformation des Amandes de Karite en Beurre au Nord-Benin
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ahouandjinou,   Morenike Cendrine; Adegbola,   Patrice Ygue; Yabi,   Jacob Afouda; Adekambi,   Souleimane Adeyemi.
In order to diversify the sources of incomes of the country, to reduce the financial risks and to improve the farmers’ revenues, the government of Benin decided to promote new agricultural sectors. One of those new sub-sectors is shea tree which is targeted in this study. Due to the painful of certain stages of shea butter processing, the semi-mechanization was initiated. The paper uses data from a stratified random sample of 198 shea butter producers to assess the adoption and impact of this semi-mechanization in North-Benin. A multinomial probit model is estimated to analyze the factors which explain the adoption of each type of technology. A counterfactual approach drawing from a modern evaluation theory is used to evaluate the impact of this...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Adoption; Impact; Shea butter; Semi mechanization; Income; Benin; Farm Management.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96186

Smallholder Income Diversification in Zambia: The Way Out of Poverty?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Bigsten,   Arne; Tengstam,   Sven.
1) One can achieve poverty reduction in rural areas of Zambia by both growth and inequality reduction, but growth must be the main driver; 2) Rural income growth does not come from agriculture alone so options to diversify income are very important and should be pursued; 3) But careful attention is required to focus on improved endowments and reduced constraints facing households trying to improve agriculture directly as well as trying to improve possibilities of income diversification away from agriculture; and 4) Land per labourer, education, and location (market access and infrastructure) are key dimensions to understand and figure out how to improve.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Zambia; Small holder; Poverty; Income; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Q20.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54637

Social-Economic Impacts of the Marine Shrimp Culture in Selected Brazilian Cities
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Sampaio,   Yony; Costa,   Ecio de Farias; Albuquerque,   Erica; Sampaio,   Breno Ramos.
The impact of farmed shrimp on the economy of ten municipalities are analyzed. A model of the municipal economy is developed and input-output tables are used to estimate indirect and induced impacts on job, income and municipal finances. It is concluded that farmed shrimp has a sizable contribution to job increases, in particular formal employment. Indirect and induced impacts are reduced because of spillovers to larger municipalities and other states. Income impacts can be sizable in particular in small counties. In general, the generated income represents a large share of total municipal product. In relation to municipal finance, direct contribution is rather small but indirect, through product increases and mainly transferences from State and Country...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farmed Shrimp; Job; Income; Municipal Level Impacts; Direct Indirect and Induced Impacts; Tax Impacts; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q22; R0.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25589

Poverty, Livestock and Household Typologies in Nepal
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Maltsoglou,   Irini; Taniguchi,   Kiyoshi.
Agriculture and livestock are key components of the livelihoods of the poor. Livestock make a substantial contribution to household livelihood's’ and currently sustain the livelihoods of an estimated 700 million rural poor in developing countries. In Nepal, poverty levels are extremely high and more than 80% of the population relies on the agriculture sector for employment and income generation.   In this context, it is important to be able to understand the link between poverty and livestock and the possible impact of livestock policies on the poor. The aim of the analysis presented in this paper is twofold: firstly, to gain an in-depth understanding of the features that characterize the poor in Nepal so as to determine the role livestock plays in and for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Livestock; Income; Nepal; Home consumption; Cash income; Household typologies; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23784

Income and Poverty Impacts of USAID-Funded Programs to Promote Maize, Horticulture, and Dairy Enterprises in Kenya, 2004-2010
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Smale,   Melinda; Mathenge,   Mary K.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Magalhaes,   Eduardo Castelo; Olwande,   John; Kirimi,   Lilian; Kamau,   Mercy W.; Githuku,   James.
Since 2002, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has funded programs to promote maize, dairy, and horticulture enterprises among smallholder farmers in Kenya under the Strategic Objective 7 of Increased Rural Household Incomes. On behalf of USAID, Tegemeo Institute has conducted household surveys to help track key indicators that monitor progress in the implementation of these programs. The first survey was conducted in 2004. Subsequent surveys were conducted every two years (i.e., 2006, 2008, and 2010). The sample comprises households participating and those not participating in the programs. The programs monitored include the Kenya Maize Development Program (KMDP), the Kenya Horticulture Development Project (KHDP), and the Kenya...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Income; Poverty; Household surveys; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121864

MARKETING PRACTICES IN BEEF COW-CALF OPERATIONS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
The National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Beef '97 Study collected data on the marketing practices of 2,713 beef cow-calf producers representing 85.7% of all beef cows as of January 1, 1997, in 23 leading cow-calf states. Of the operations included in the study, 67.4% sold steer calves, and 52.1% sold heifer calves for slaughter in the year preceding the study. By number of operations, auction was the most common method of selling steers (84.9% of operations) and private treaty was the second most popular marketing method (10.4% of operations). By number of steers sold, private treaty was the most common marketing method. For operations selling either steer or heifer calves, smaller operations were more likely to use auctions as a marketing...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Beef; Cattle; Cow-calf; Epidemiology; Economics; Marketing; Management; Weaning; Auctions; Income; Forward pricing; Futures contracts; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32793

ANÁLISE DAS MEDIDAS DE RENDA, DISTRIBUIÇÃO E POBREZA DOS MUNICÍPIOS DA ÁREA DE INFLUÊNCIA DA BARRAGEM CASTANHÃO CEARÁ
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Campos,   Roberio Telmo; Campos,   Kilmer Coelho.
Objetiva-se realizar o macrodiagnóstico econômico-social dos municípios que compõem a área de influência do reservatório da barragem Castanhão no Estado do Ceará. Utilizam-se dados secundários e o método descritivo para análise e discussão dos resultados, após cálculos de freqüências, tabelas e outras informações estatísticas selecionadas. Os resultados mostram que, em termos gerais, os municípios apresentaram rendas per capita muito baixas; a desigualdade de renda piorou para todos os municípios da amostra; no período de 1991 a 2002 houve melhora do IDH para todos os municípios do estudo; a percentagem de indigentes, a percentagem de pobres e as percentagens de crianças indigentes e pobres reduziram-se durante o período de 1991 a 2000; e, há um elevado...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Renda; Distribuição de renda; Pobreza; Barragem Castanhão; Income; Income distribution; Poverty; Castanhão dam; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102219

Employment, Income and Labour Supply Decision of Rural Households : An Economic Analysis of MGNREGS in Tamil Nadu
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Devi,   T. Sivasakthi; Balasubramanian,   R.; Kumar,   B. Ganesh.
In India, Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGMGNREGS) is one of the major rural development programmes. It provides guaranteed employment to the rural households for 100 days in a year. This paper has attempted to find out the employment status, income and labour supply decision of the participants and non-participants of MGNREGS in Tamil Nadu. It has also studied the household nutritional security of these households. The study has revealed that the number of migrants in the family, number of livestock units owned, and number of person-days employed in agriculture, nonagriculture and MGNREGS are significantly influenced by the household income of the participants and non-participants of MGNREGS. The analysis of household...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: MGNREGS; Employment; Income; Labour supply; Agricultural and Food Policy; J21; J22; H23; I31.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119400

A MAGYARORSZÁGI RÉGIÓK BÚZA- ÉS KUKORICATERMELÉSÉNEK FŐBB JELLEMZŐI
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hingyi,   Hajnalka.
A vizsgálatok feltárták az egyes régiók gabonatermelése közti különbsége-ket, különös tekintettel a vetésterületek, hozamok és az árbevételek alakulására. Megállapítást nyert, hogy: • A legjelentősebb búzatermelő régióink a Dél-Dunántúl és a Dél-Alföld. Mindkét régióban az összes betakarított termésmennyiség és a termésátlag is meghaladta a többi régió eredményeit a vizsgált időszakban.   • A kukorica esetében is a Dél-Dunántúli Régió a meghatározó, 2004-ben 11%-kal többet takarítottak be az Észak-Alföld termelésénél és közel hétszer többet a legalacsonyabb terméseredményű Közép-Magyaroszágénál. A termésát-lagok szintén a dél-dunántúli régióban voltak a legmagasabbak a vizsgált idő-szakban. • A régiók termésátlagai – az egyes régiók eltérő...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Régió; Búza; Kukorica; Rekordtermés; Árbevétel - regions; Wheat; Maize; Record harvest; Income; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54334

Allocation Effects of Policy Reform: A Micro-Simulation of Macro-Model Results for the United States
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hopkins,   Jeffrey W.; Hanson,   Kenneth; Somwaru,   Agapi; Burfisher,   Mary E.
By changing marginal prices and therefore production incentives, removal of government payments will result in a re-allocation of factors of production as farm households pursue alternative economic opportunities. At the economy-wide level these impacts are small, but closer inspection reveals that some household-level impacts will be larger and other households will be affected little if at all. The underlying heterogeneity of the agricultural sector results in variable adjustment along two dimensions. First, survey data show that payments are not evenly distributed so their removal does not have a uniform impact across the sector. Second, even if payments were evenly distributed, factor endowments are not, so that ability to enter into alternative...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Income; Labor; CGE; Micro-simulation; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15750

The growing of vegetables, one of the strategic possibility of the Hungarian agricultural improvement
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Bene,   Csaba; Marselek,   Sandor.
The development of market-gardening can be one of the hopeful possibilities of the agriculture; the function is still competitive but its competitiveness is decreasing. It is national, consumer and economic interest to improve the sector as the unemployment in the countryside can also be reduced. During the producing we must attach the importance to the quality as in the EU only that farmer can suit the requirements who can usually deliver reliable quality product. The sector is deficient in funds, so the technical, innovative and logistic improvement hung behind the requests. This fact has to be changed. Our advantageous conditions open the door to increase production output and to use the logistic possibilities thanked to our geographical location. An...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Production; Competitiveness; Organization; Income; Employment; Termelés; Versenyképesség; Szervezettség; Jövedelem; Foglalkoztatás; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92537

A tápanyagpótlás és gyomirtás értékelése a helyspecifikus növénytermelési technológiában
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lencses,   Eniko.
A Szent István Egyetem Józsefmajori tangazdaságának relatív jó talajadottságokkal rendelkező tábláiban a precíziós tápanyagpótlás alkalmazásával akár hektáronként 60 kg nitrogénhatóanyag-megtakarítás is elvárható a konvencionális technológiához képest. A precíziós tápanyagpótlási technológiával, a vizsgált táblák 50%-ánál tapasztalható anyagköltség-megtakarítás. Az anyagmegtakarítás mellett célszerű számolni a működési költségek növekedésével. A Szegedi Gabonakutató Kft. segítségével végzett szántóföldi kísérletek adatai alapján megállapítható, hogy kukoricatermelésnél 48,85% őszi gyomborítottság felett ökonómiailag indokolt a precíziós gyomirtás.   -----------------------------------   By applying precision nutrient supplementation rather instead of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Precíziós gazdálkodás (növényvédelem; Tápanyagpótlás); Jövedelem; Árváltozás; Precision farming (plant protection; Nutrient supplementation); Income; Price change; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92532

Demand for Urban Forests and Economic Welfare:  Evidence from the Southeastern U.S. Cities
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Zhu,   Pengyu; Zhang,   Yaoqi.
This study examines the relationship between urban forests and household income and population density in the 149 cities with populations over 40,000 in nine southeastern states.  Our empirical results show that urban forest percentage across the cities has characteristics of the environmental Kuznets curve.  We find that household income around $39,000 is a threshold that changes the relationship between income and urban forest coverage from negative to positive, whereas the impact of population density on urban forests is just the opposite, from positive to negative when population density is around 180 persons per square kilometer.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environmental Kuznets curve; Environmental quality; Income; Land use; Population density; Tree canopy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; C31; Q23; Q56; Q57; R14.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43758

SIND BETRIEBSGEMEINSCHAFTEN WIRTSCHAFTLICHER ALS EINZELBETRIEBE?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lips,   Markus; Pulfer,   Iris; Messer,   Martin.
The influence of farming collectives on income per annual work unit (AWU) is investigated by means of regressions for three types of farms with animal husbandry. The effects are relatively small, and turn out differently for the three farm types. Whereas the effect is negative for the dairy farms (-1200 CHF), collective farming in the case of combined dairying/arable-crop farms and combined pig/poultry farms leads to a higher income (+900 and +500 CHF, respectively). The latter two farm types are characterised by at least two important production branches, unlike the dairy farms, which have just one.  The result for the dairy farms, however, does not call the farming collective into question as a growth opportunity. The usual scale effects that can be...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Betriebsgemeinschaft; Einzelbetrieb; Einkommen; Regression; Schweiz; Farming collectives; Income; Individual farm; Switzerland; Agribusiness; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7617

Dynamic Interrelationships between the U.S. Agricultural Trade Balance and the Macroeconomy
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Baek,   Jungho; Koo,   Won W.
The effects of the exchange rate and the income and money supply of the United States and its major trading partners on the U.S. agricultural trade balance are examined using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Results suggest that the exchange rate is the key determinant of the short-and long-run behavior of the trade balance. It is also found that the income and money supply in both the United States and the trading partners have significant impacts on U.S. agricultural trade in both the short and long run.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade balance; Autoregressive distributed lag model; Exchange rate; Income; Macroeconomy; Money supply; International Relations/Trade; C32; F14; Q17.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6301

Zoning and the Distribution of Income
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Berck,   Peter.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Income; Zoning.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37695

Institutions for integrated water resources management in upland watersheds of Southeast Asia: A comparative analysis of Thailand and Lao PDR.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kurian,   Mathew.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Institutions; Decentralization; Watersheds; Food security; Domestic water; Environmental degradation; Income; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92521

Collective action of small farmers: A case study of Ruoheng farmer watermelon cooperative in China
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Huang,   Zuhui; Liang,   Qiao; Hendrikse,   George W.J.
Watermelon production investments, incomes and the access to markets between members of a cooperative and individual small farmers are compared. The results of the case study regarding members of a watermelon cooperative and five individual small farmers in Zhejiang province in China indicate that members of the cooperative are prone to produce food of higher quality, have obvious advantage in accessing modern food supply chains over individual small farmers, and subsequently gain a significantly higher return or income than individual small farmers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farmer cooperative; Benefit; Income; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52840

WTO Negotiations on Market Access in Agriculture: A Comparison of Alternative Tariff Cut Scenarios for the EU and the US
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Bureau,   Jean-Christophe; Salvatici,   Luca.
This paper provides a summary measure of the possible new commitments in the area of market access undertaken by the European Union and the United States, using the Trade Restrictiveness Index (TRI) as the tariff aggregator. Indicators such as the TRI, based on welfare theory, integrate economic behavioural assumptions within a balance of trade framework. We take the 2000 bound tariffs as the starting point and attempt to assess how much liberalisation in agriculture could be achieved in the European Union and the United States as a result of the present negotiations. We compute the index for agricultural commodity aggregates assuming a specific (Constant Elasticity of Substitution) functional form for import demand. The present levels of the TRI under the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International agricultural trade; Agricultural price; Income; Policy analysis; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24883

Social Opportunities and Private Convenience of Choices at Farm Level: An Approach to the Links Between Farm Income and Sustainable GDP
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Idda,   Lorenzo; Sini,   Maria Paola.
This work proposes a method to identify and evaluate the links between the economic and environmental management of a farm, its income, and sustainable GDP. The approach is designed to link micro and macro economic aspects and is based on certain indicators, chosen from among those obtained from analysis of the farm accounts, suitable for representing socially desirable objectives. Three different types of farm accounts are employed. An MADM method of quantitative MCDM analysis was used to make a joint evaluation of various objective indicators in different types of farm management. The work only presents the most interesting result of the research, which was the method itself and does not include the results of a specific case study which was made. This...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Method; Farm; Society; Income; Environment; Well-being; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Q1.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25650

Multiple use schemes: Benefit to smallholders
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Pant,   Dhruba; Gautam,  Kamal Raj; Shakya,   Sabita Dhakhwa; Adhikari,   Deepak Lochan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigation programs; Water supply; Domestic water; Drinking water; Irrigation water; Drip irrigation; Sprinkler irrigation; Vegetables; Cereals; Women; Land ownership; Participatory management; Farmer participation; Water users; Social aspects; Households; Income; Credit; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91944

The costs of equal land distribution: the case of the Israeli moshavim
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Berck,   Peter; Levy,   Amnon.
Published in:  American Journal of Agricultural Economics, v.68:3, August 1986, p.605-614  [S1/J6] Giannini foundation of agricultural economics.  Paper  753
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural cooperatives; Income; Land; Land utilization; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43304

UNDERSTANDING THE FOOD STAMP BENEFIT FORMULA: A TOOL FOR MEASURING THE COMPONENT EFFECTS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wilde,   Parke E.
This report develops an accounting tool for measuring how the average benefit amount in the U.S. Food Stamp Program is affected by each major component of the rules that determine the benefit level. This tool is used to compare the benefits received by different subpopulations, distinguished by poverty level, demographic makeup, household size, and region of the country. This simple decomposition complements more complex tools, such as microsimulation methods, which help policy analysts understand and evaluate the effects of detailed Food Stamp Program regulations.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Stamp Program; Benefit formula; Income; Household size; Poverty status; Deductions; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33877

Irrigation Technology and Commercialization of Rice in the Gambia: Effects on Income and Nutrition
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Puetz,   Detlev; Webb,   Patrick.
With its focus in irrigation technology and commercialization of rice in West Africa, this study addresses the question of how agricultural growth in Sub-Saharan Africa may improve food security. Over the last few decades in Africa, rice has ranked second after maize among cereal that have contributed to the overall growth of cereal output.  In West Africa, rice imports have grown rapidly during the last two decades. Future decisions on irrigation investments and technology choices will be critical importance in view of numerous past failures and excessive costs of irrigation in Sub-Saharan Africa. This research by Joachim Von Braun, Detlev Puetz, and Patrick Webb is to be seen against the backdrop of policy priorities resulting from the earlier work of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Rice trade; Gambia; Irrigation; Economic aspects; Food supply; Income; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42167

Relações de troca com efeito tecnológico no mercado doméstico de arroz, milho, café e soja
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Ponciano,   Niraldo Jose; Souza,   Paulo Marcelo de; Mata,   Henrique Tome Da Costa; Detmann,   Edenio.
The objective of this work was to evaluate, by means of the exchange rate, the profitability of two products directed toward the domestic market and two export products. Other objective was to identify productivity growth compensated the decrease of prices. The geometric rates of the production, area and productivity growth were estimated. The exchange rate was estimated by the relation between the index of the inputs prices and the index of the product prices. The results show a great trend of deterioration of the exchange terms for all the analyzed products. Evidenced that these effects more was been accented for rice and maize. Such behavior associates it the fact of the rice cultures and of maize to be destined to the domestic market, its demands have...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Terms of exchange; Grains; Inputs; Prices; Productivity; Income; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54598

EU-China Agricultural Trade in Relation to China's WTO Membership
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Niemi,   Jyrki S.; Huan-Niemi,   Ellen.
China's trade with the world doubled after joining the WTO. This study attempts to identify and measure quantitatively the effects of changing economic environment and trade policies on China's global agricultural imports as well as imports from the EU. The approach is to model behavioral relationships in the agricultural trade between China and the EU by using annual trade data from 1986 to 2005. The results indicate that Chinese agricultural imports are relatively inelastic to absolute price changes, but relative price changes significantly affect the market shares of EU exports due to price competition. Trade liberalization in the form of tariff reductions is trivial in changing the quantity of China's agricultural imports from the EU. Rapid income...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: China; EU; WTO; Agricultural imports; Income; Tariff; Price; Model; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8163

IMPACTS OF COMMUNITY-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS ON INCOME AND ASSET ACQUISITION IN AFRICA: THE CASE OF NIGERIA
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Nkonya,   Ephraim M.; Phillip,   Dayo; Mogues,   Tewodaj; Pender,   John L.; Kato,   Edward.
This study evaluates the impacts of a community-driven development (CDD) project on household income and acquisition of productive assets in Nigeria. Using panel data and difference-in-differences and propensity score matching approaches, the study finds that the project succeeded in targeting the poor and women farmers in its productive asset acquisition component. Participation in the project also increased the income of beneficiaries by about 60%, which is well above the targeted increase of only 20% in the 6-year period of the project.  However, sustainability of this dramatic achievement is uncertain since the project did not involve rural credit services. The large cash transfer through its productive asset acquisition component is also unsustainable.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nigeria; Africa; Community-driven development; Impact evaluation; Poverty; Targeting; Income; Assets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; H43; H42; Q13; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50537

O mercado de trabalho rural: evolução recente, composição da renda e dimensão regional
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Campolina,   Bernardo; Silveira,   Fernanado Gaiger.
O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar as mudanças no mercado de trabalho rural brasileiro nos últimos dez anos. Este trabalho está dividido em três partes além de uma breve introdução. A primeira parte mostra o desempenho do mercado de trabalho e da renda rural brasileira com base nas informações das PNAD e das RAIS. São analisados o comportamento da população rural brasileira e a evolução da PEA rural, destacando-se a importância das ocupações não-agrícolas, a taxa de desocupação e a composição da mão-de-obra segundo a posição na ocupação. Em seguida, discuti-se a evolução dos rendimentos da população rural, decompondo-os segundo sua origem – trabalho, aposentadorias e pensões, transferências e outras fontes –, bem como da desigualdade da renda pessoal...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultura; Mercado de trabalho; Renda; Perfil; PNAD; Agriculture; Labor market; Income; Profile; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108158

Water users' association in Parunde Minor Irrigation Project: farmers' experience
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Patole,   Sahebrao D.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Water users associations; Irrigation programs; Water distribution; Farmer participation; Income; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113704

Empirical Analysis on Fixed Assets Investment and Income of Rural Household
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Zhang,   Lin.
The related literatures were reviewed. According to the data in 1984-2005, the long-run equilibrium relation and causality of household income and fixed assets investment in China were studied empirically. The results showed that the restrictions of income growth on fixed assets investment of household were serious, but fixed assets investment was not the cause of household income growth. Finally, some policy proposals were put forward.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Farmers; China; Fixed assets investment; Income; Co-integration theory; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53516

Factors affecting the formation of FWUCs in institution building for PIMD in Cambodia: Two case studies
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Perera,   L.R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigation programs; Participatory management; Farmer participation; Income; Institution building; Legal aspects; History; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91911

Gender roles and multiple uses of water in North Gujarat.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Upadhyay,   Bhawana.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Gender; Rural women; Households; Income; Water use; Villages; Farmers; Groundwater; Livestock; Irrigated farming; Policy; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Public Economics.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92409

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF LABOR OUT MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES ON INCOME AND RICE PRODUCTIVITY IN THE PHILIPPINES, THAILAND AND VIETNAM
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Paris,   Thelma R.; Rola-Rubzen,   Maria Fay; Luis,   Joyce; Thi Ngoc Chi,   Truong; Wongsanum,   Chaicharn; Villanueva,   Donald.
Out migration from rural areas is increasingly becoming a strategy to get out of poverty. While rice–based agriculture remains to be the backbone in Southeast Asia, majority of the farming households particularly those who produce rice under rainfed conditions remain poor and insecure. This paper examines the relationship between migration and other socio-economic factors on household income using data from 1,874 rice sample farming households in Vietnam (north and south), Thailand (northeast) and Philippines (Luzon island). In the Philippines, remittances contribute about 60 per cent of household income of recipient families. In Thailand and Vietnam, of the total household income, about 40 per cent are from remittances. International migration is most...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Migration; Remittances; Income; Rice; Farming systems.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48165

Household Income and Assets in Rural Mozambique, 2002-2005: Can Pro-Poor Growth Be Sustained?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mather,   David; Cunguara,   Benedito; Boughton,   Duncan.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Agriculture; Mozambique; Income; Growth; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56072

Winning Big but Feeling no Better? The Effect of Lottery Prizes on Physical and Mental Health
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Apouey,   Benedicte; Clark,   Andrew E.
We use British panel data to explore the exogenous impact of income on a number of individual health outcomes: general health status, mental health, physical health problems, and health behaviours (drinking and smoking). Lottery winnings allow us to make causal statements regarding the effect of income on health, as the amount won is largely exogenous. These positive income shocks have no significant effect on general health, but a large positive effect on mental health. This result seems paradoxical on two levels. First, there is a well-known status gradient in health in cross-section data, and, second, general health should partly reflect mental health, so that we may expect both variables to move in the same direction. We propose a solution to the first...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Income; Self-assessed health; Mental health; Smoking; Drinking; Consumer/Household Economics; D1; I1; I3.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55295

An Overview of the Canadian Agriculture and Agri-Food System 2011
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
This 2011 report provides an economic overview of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  It is meant to be a multi-purpose reference document to provide:  an introduction to the agriculture and agri-food system;  a snapshot of structural changes that are occurring throughout the system in response to various factors; and  background data and information to inform public discussions on challenges and opportunities facing the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  Charts and tables with brief accompanying texts are used to summarize information and to provide base performance indicators.  The 2011 report begins with a special feature that provides a description of young farmers in Canada including their numbers by farm size, province and farm...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Agri-food; R&amp;D; Consumers; GDP; Employment; Exports; Imports; Innovation; Young farmers; Farm typology; Income; Government support; Trade; Productivity; Food processing; Food manufacturing; Environment; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103047

INCOME EFFICIENCY OF SOIL CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES IN HAITI
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jolly,   Curtis M.; Shannon,   Dennis A.; Bannister,   Michael; Flauretin,   Gardy; Dale,   John (Zach); Binns,   Alvin; Lindo,   Pauline.
Soil erosion and environmental degradation are serious problems facing food security in Haiti. In 1999, the annual soil loss due to erosion was estimated at 36 million m3 tons. The government of Haiti has been aware of these deteriorating conditions and has sought international assistance to reduce these problems. In 1993, the United States Agency for International Development implemented a soil conservation project and millions of dollars were spent on the encouragement of adoption of soil conservation measures; yet the problems of soil degradation is still menacing food security in Haiti. Hence the need to evaluate the impact of soil conservation in Haiti is important. A survey of 951 farmers, who adopted soil conservation techniques in Haiti, was...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Income; Efficiency; Soil Conservation Techniques; Haiti; CAES; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36970

Whose Education Matters in the Determination of Household Income: Evidence from a Developing Country
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Jolliffe,   Dean.
This paper aims to answer how best to model education attainment, which is an individual-level variable, in household-level income functions. The accepted practice in the literature is to use the education level of the household head. This paper compares the head-of-household model to three competing models and concludes that the maximum or average level of education in the household is a better explanatory variable of household income. Least absolute deviations (LAD) estimators and censored least absolute deviations (CLAD) estimators are used to predict income. Standard errors, which are robust to violations of homoscedasticity and independence, are generated by a boot-strap method that replicates the two-stage sample design.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Education; Income; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97048

Income Diversification and Poverty in the Northern Uplands of Vietnam
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas; Epprecht,   Michael; Anh,   Tran Thi Tram; Trung,   Le Quang.
Urbanization and income growth within developing countries have created large markets for meat, milk, fish, fruits, and vegetables, while trade liberalization and foreign investment have connected farmers in developing countries with high-income consumers in other countries. In the first half of the 1990s, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) carried out a series of studies on the impact of agricultural commercialization on farm income and nutrition, finding that the effects were generally positive. More recently, IFPRI research explored the “livestock revolution” and its effect on small farmers, as well as the dramatic growth in international trade in fish and seafood, in which developing countries play an increasingly important role....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Vietnam; Northern; Income; Rural conditions; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37884

Agricultural Trade Restrictiveness in the European Union and the United States
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Bureau,   Jean-Christophe; Salvatici,   Luca.
This paper provides a summary measure of the Uruguay Round tariff reduction commitments in the European Union and the United States, using the Mercantilistic Trade Restrictiveness Index (MTRI) as the tariff aggregator. We compute the index for agricultural commodity aggregates assuming a specific (Constant Elasticity of Substitution) functional form for import demand. The levels of the MTRI under the actual commitments of the Uruguay Round are computed and compared with two hypothetical cases, the Swiss Formula leading to a 36 percent average decrease in tariffs and a uniform 36 percent reduction of each tariff. This makes it possible to infer how reducing tariff dispersion would help improve market access in future trade agreements.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural prices; Income; International agricultural trade; Policy analysis; Tariffs and tariff factors; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18594

ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF NOXIOUS WEEDS, OTHER WEEDS, AND TREE GROWTH, ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE NEW ENGLAND TABLELANDS, NEW SOUTH WALES
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Townsend,   J.; Sinden,   Jack A.
The economic impact of weeds on farms in the New England Region of New South Wales is estimated from data from a cross -sectional survey.  Weeds can be classed as noxious or declared plants, plants that the farmers perceived as weeds, and trees -- which many farmers also perceived as weeds.  Variables were defined for several levels of intensity of infestation for each of these three classes of weeds.  The impact of each these variables, on property income and stocking, was estimated through Cobb-Douglas production functions.  The presence of very-heavy infestations of non-noxious weeds, and heavy infestations of non-noxious weeds, were found to be associated with reductions in income.  In total, the income of the representative property would be increased...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Weeds; Trees; Income; Stocking; Farm Management.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12918

Performance and economic indicators of a large scale fish farming in Mato Grosso, Brazil
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
Autores: Barros,Adriana Fernandes de; Martins,Maria Inez Espagnoli Geraldo.
Performance and economic indicators of a large scale fish farm that produces round fish, located in Mato Grosso State, Brazil, were evaluated. The 130.8 ha-water surface area was distributed in 30 ponds. Average total production costs and the following economic indicators were calculated: gross income (GI), gross margin (GM), gross margin index (GMI), profitability index (PI) and profit (P) for the farm as a whole and for ten ponds individually. Production performance indicators were also obtained, such as: production cycle (PC), apparent feed conversion (FC), average biomass storage (ABS), survival index (SI) and final average weight (FAW). The average costs to produce an average 2.971 kg.ha-1 per year were: R$ 2.43, R$ 0.72 and R$ 3.15 as average...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Costs; Income; Ponds; Profitability; Round fish.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012000600001

Brazilian consumers' perception of tenderness of beef steaks classified by shear force and taste
Provedor de dados: Scientia Agricola
Autores: Delgado,Eduardo Francisquine; Aguiar,Ana Paula; Ortega,Edwin Moisés Marcos; Spoto,Marta Helena Fillet; Castillo,Carmen Josefina Contreras.
The knowledge of consumer perception of meat tenderness and taste is essential to forecast a Brazilian quality value-based beef market. This study aimed to verify perception of tender (WBSF &lt; 4.1 kg) from tough (&gt; 4.8 kg) strip loin steak or uncharacteristic (calcium-treated/Ca-IM) and normal (non-calcium/NO-Ca) meat taste by consumers according to gender, age, education and income levels. Steaks were previously classified by shear force measurements as tender or tough. Each consumer was served a paired sample of one tender and of one tough steak, which were either Ca-IM or NO-Ca treated before tenderness classification. Three hundred and eight consumers answered a nine-point intensity (tenderness) and hedonic (taste) scales evaluation questionnaire....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Gender; Age; Education; Income; Calcium.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162006000300004

Household income and expenditure of farmers in Lao PDR: Comparison between rubber tree and sugarcane farmers
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Leuangsay Phanthasith; Piansak Pakdee; Thanaporn Athipanyakul.
The objective of this study was to compare household income and expenditure between rubber tree and sugarcane farmers. The purposive sampling technique was used for data collection, and a structured questionnaire was used to interview a total of 100 farmers. A descriptive analysis was applied. The results indicated that in 2000-2010, the household income of rubber tree farmers was higher than those sugarcane farmers, especially in long run. The household consumption has increased during 2000-2010. The rubber tree farmers expensed their consumption in food item more than rice, but it was contrary for the sugarcane farmers. The net income of the rubber tree farmers was also greater than the sugarcane farmers; even it was negative in 2005. This can imply that...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Income; Expenditure; Farm household; Sugarcane; Rubber tree; Plant production; Household consumption; Market; Policy; Lao People's Democratic Republic; ยางพารา; อ้อย; เกษตรกร; ครัวเรือน; การปลูกพืช; รายได้; รายจ่าย; การบริโภคต่อครัวเรือน; การตลาด; นโยบายการผลิต; สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาว.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5815

เปรียบเทียบระบบการปลูกข้าวแบบ 2 ครั้ง/ปี และ 3 ครั้ง/ปี ในเขตนาชลประทาน
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Nittaya Ruensuk; Sukanya Binamud.
Rice cropping system in irrigated area are rice-rice continuous cultivation. Farmers try to grow rice more than 2 crops/year. Nowadays there are no break even data. The aim of this research to compare economic data between 2 crops/year and 3 crops/year rice cropping system. Experiments were conducted in farmer’s field at Lumlukka district Pathum Thani province in 2011. There were 3 experiments : using the same variety, changed variety every season and changed variety every season with short duration rice variety in the rice cropping system. Each experiment consisted of 2 treatment: 2 crops/year and 3 crops/year rice cropping system. The result shown that 2 crops/year rice cropping system gave lower total yield and income than growing rice 3 crops/year...
Tipo: Collection
Palavras-chave: Rice; Irrigation area; Rice cropping system; Yield; Income; ข้าว; นาชลประทาน; ระบบการปลูกข้าว; นาเกษตรกร; ผลผลิต; รายได้; จ.ปทุมธานี อ.ลำลูกกา.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5324

ต้นทุนการผลิต ผลผลิต รายได้ และปัญหาการระบาดของข้าววัชพืช จากการปลูกข้าวในเขตนาชลประทาน จังหวัดอุตรดิตถ์
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Waraipoen Sanwong; Siraporn Chuea-uan; Nittaya Ruensuk.
Tipo: Collection
Palavras-chave: Cost of rice production; Yield; Income; Weedy rice; Broadcast wet seeded rice; Transplanting; Irrigated area; Uttaradit province; ข้าว; ผลผลิต; รายได้; ต้นทุนการผลิต; ข้าววัชพืช; การปักดำ; นาหว่านน้ำตม; เขตชลประทาน; จ.อุตรดิตถ์.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5264

การลดต้นทุนการผลิตข้าว จังหวัดนครนายก
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Somrote Prakobboon; Wannaphan Janlapa.
Low production efficiency and high production costs are the weakness in the SWOT analysis of rice production Thailand. Participatory cost analysis and searching for cost reduction of rice production might strengthen the rice farmers. During 2011 - 2013, we conducted community based pilot trails in the village 5 and 7, Thachang Subdistrict, Muang District, Nakhonnayok Province. After community meeting to identify local rice production problems and selected the pilot field, the field was prepared and planted with pre-germinated seed broadcasting at the rate of 20 kg/ha. Insect and pest were observed daily. At 15 days after planting, 30 kg/ha organic fertilizer and 25 kg/ha chemical fertilizer was applied to the field. Comparing production cost and yield to...
Tipo: Collection
Palavras-chave: Rice production; Production costs; Income; Nakhonnayok province; การผลิตข้าว; ต้นทุนการผลิตข้าว; รายได้; จังหวัดนครนายก.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5921

Determining factors for an increase in consumption of fresh vegetable by habitants in the Caribbean region of Colombia
Provedor de dados: Acta Agronómica
Autores: Martínez-Reina,Antonio María.
Abstract The aim of this study was to establish elements to understand the consumers reasons to increase the quantities of fresh vegetables consumed in the Caribbean Region of Colombia. With information from 308 surveys applied randomly in seven cities of the Caribbean Region and using a structured survey that included variables such as age, family composition, prices, income, a Logit econometric model was formulated. Furthermore, with the contingent valuation method, parameters were estimated using maximum likelihood; moreover, the reasons that explain the possibility that families increase vegetable consumption were identified. Results allow us to appreciate first that 53 % of the surveyed respondents would be willing to increase consumption. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Preferences; Decisions; Prices; Income; Age; Schooling; Quantity; Quality; Vegetable consumption.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-28122019000100001

Study of the sweet chili pepper (Capsicum chinense) production system in the Caribbean region of Colombia: a technological and socio-economic perspective
Provedor de dados: Acta Agronómica
Autores: Martínez-Reina,Antonio María; Todececilla,Lilibet; Rodríguez-Pinto,María del Valle; Cordero,Carina Cecilia; Grandett-Martínez,Liliana María.
Abstract The objective of this work was to characterize technologically and economically the sweet chili pepper production system in the Caribbean region of Colombia. A survey was applied to 60 farmers using the simple random sampling technique. The economic returns were analyzed in the producing areas of San Juan del Cesar, in the department of La Guajira, and Ponedera, in the department of Atlántico, with an average of 0.6 hectares of the areas used for planting the sweet chili pepper. The average age of the farmers is 51 years old, with more than 11 years of experience in this crop. The results present differences in terms of production efficiency; for example, it was found that it is higher for the town of San Juan del Cesar, which is explained because...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Costs; Income; Investment; Returns.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-28122021000100042

Número de fileiras no canteiro e espaçamento entre plantas na produção e na rentabilidade da beterraba em Dourados-MS - DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v30i3.3550
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Agronomy
Autores: Zárate, Néstor Antonio Heredia; UFGD; Vieira, Maria do Carmo; UFGD; Rech, Jerusa; UFGD; Graciano, João Dimas; UFGD; Gomes, Hellen Elaine; UFGD; Pontim, Bruno Cezar Álvaro; UFGD.
O trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a produtividade, a renda bruta e a renda bruta menos o custo das sementes da beterraba ‘Tall Top Early Wonder’, em resposta ao uso de quatro e cinco fileiras no canteiro e dos espaçamentos de 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0 cm entre plantas. A colheita foi realizada aos 116 dias após a semeadura, quando se avaliaram a altura das plantas, a massa fresca das folhas, o diâmetro e o comprimento das raízes e as massas frescas de raízes comerciais e não- comerciais. A validação do trabalho foi realizada pela determinação das rendas bruta e da rendas bruta menos o custo das sementes obtidas por hectare cultivado. Nenhuma das características avaliadas foi influenciada significativamente pela interação número de fileiras no canteiro e...
Palavras-chave: 5.01.00.00-9 Agronomia Beta vulgaris L.; População de plantas; Renda 5.01.03.00-8 Fitotecnia Beta vulgaris L.; Plant population; Income.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/3550

Physicochemical characterization of by-products from beef cattle slaughter and economic feasibility of commercialization
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Animal Sciences
Autores: Maysonnave, Greicy Sofia; Mello, Renius de Oliveira; Vaz, Fabiano Nunes; Ávila, Mozer Manetti de; Pascoal, Leonir Luiz; Rodrigues, Ana Clara Trindade.
The aim was to evaluate the proximate food composition, cholesterol content, coloring and economic aspects of the main nutrients present in by-products from the slaughter of cattle. The samples were collected from 14 organs, with four repetitions each, of which we conducted the analyses of moisture, crude protein, mineral matter, cholesterol and fat content. The color was measured through the coordinates L*, a*, b*. The differences between the groups of red and white viscera were evaluated by contrasts analysis. Subsequently, the data were subjected to multivariate analysis of variance, which was complemented by the principal component technique. In the analysis of contrast between red and white viscera, the results showed that the components with the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Income; Meat chain; Productive chain; Slaughterhouses.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/46545

Milk production and economic assessment of cassava bagasse in the feed of dairy cows
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Animal Sciences
Autores: Lima, Leandro Pereira; Veloso, Cristina Mattos; Silva, Fabiano Ferreira da; Pires, Aureliano José Vieira; Teixeira, Fábio Andrade; Nascimento, Paulo Válter Nunes.
The addition of 0; 5; 10 and 15% cassava bagasse, based on the dry matter of the total diet of crossbred Holstein v. Zebu cows, was evaluated on milk production and composition and on the impacts of diet costs. The animals, weighing an average of 478.5 kg, were in the middle third lactation period. Diet with 15% cassava bagasse provided a 13.2% increase in production when compared to control. Feed conversion had a quadratic effect with minimum point at 4.2% of cassava bagasse inclusion. Crude protein, the only milk component that changed, increased linearly with the inclusion of cassava bagasse levels. Treatment with 15% cassava bagasse caused a more effective operational cost (42.8% higher when compared to control) and the highest leveling point for milk...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: 5.04.03.00-1 milk composition; Feed conversion; Costs; Cow milk; Income.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/26947

Agro-economic yield of taro clones in Brazil, propagated with different types of cuttings, in three crop seasons
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: HEREDIA ZARATE,NESTOR A.; VIEIRA,MARIA C.; TABALDI,LUCIANE A.; HEREDIA VIEIRA,DANILO A.; JORGE,ROSIMEIRE P.G.; SALLES,NATALIA A.
The experimental studies were conducted in 2007-2008, 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 crop seasons, in order to know the agro-economic yield of 'Chinês' and "Macaquinho" taro clones, propagated using huge, extra, large, medium, small and tiny cormels. The harvest was done on average on 202 days after planting, in three crop seasons. Based on the joint analysis of variance carried out, it was observed that taro clones showed significant differences in the yield of fresh and dry weight of leaves, cormels, and commercial and non-commercial comels; besides, there were significant differences in yield of a crop season to another and the size of the cuttings induced significant differences in yield. In the conditions that the experiments were conducted, and considering...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Colocasia esculenta; Rhizome; Production; Income.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000200785

Epidemiological estimates of Respiratory diseases in the hospital population, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Sultana,Tayyaba; Afzal,Aqsa; Sultana,Salma; Al-Ghanim,Khalid; Shahid,Tehniat; Jabeen,Zahra; Turab,Nusrat; Ahmed,Z.; Mahboob,Shahid.
ABSTRACT  A cross sectional study was conducted in two types of respiratory patients in hospital population. It was found that tuberculosis (T.B) was the most common type (29.66%) followed by the asthma (28.08%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (11.31%). Average age of diagnosis was 42.15 ± 0.65 years and average age at present 47.99 ± 0.70 years. Age group 51-60 years was more prone to this disease (21.13%). Most of the patients were married (80.06%). The highest representation of patients with respiratory diseases was observed in 1st birth order (30.36%) followed by 2nd (26.49%) and 3rd (18.45%), while the lowest was in 10th birth order (0.40%). Tuberculosis, asthma and COPD are the most prevalent types of respiratory diseases....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Respiratory; Age; Sex; Urban; Rural; Income.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132017000100418

Economic feasibility of biogas production in swine farms using time series analysis
Provedor de dados: Ciência Rural
Autores: Rockenbach,Felipe Luis; Souza,Adriano Mendonça; Oliveira,João Helvio Righi de.
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to measure the economic feasibility and the time needed to return capital invested for the installation of a swine manure treatment system, these values originated the sale of carbon credits and/or of compensation of electric energy in swine farms, using the Box-Jenkins forecast models. It was found that the use of biogas is a viable option in a large scale with machines that operate daily for 10h or more, being the return period between 70 to 80 months. Time series analysis models are important to anticipate the series under study behavior, providing the swine breeder/investor means to reduce the financial investment risk as well as helping to decrease the production costs. Moreover, this process can be seen as another source of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biodigestors; Biogas; Renewable energy; Income; Time series.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782016000701295