Consulta: subjectFacets:"Insurance"
Registros recuperados: 51
Data/hora: 16/06/2024 16:50:38

Cálculo del costo de la prima de un seguro contra caída del precio de maíz blanco: Caso Sinaloa.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Rivera Silva, Ana Laura.
El presente trabajo compara el costo total de una póliza de seguros para la caída de precios del maíz blanco de Sinaloa contra el costo de la cobertura simple ofrecida por ASERCA. El comportamiento sistemático de los precios fue modelado con un modelo autorregresivo, mientras que la parte aleatoria fue manejada por un ajuste de una distribución de Laplace a los residuales. Los resultados muestran que la prima del seguro por tonelada es al menos tan buena como la prima para ofrecida para la cobertura de ASERCA. El diferencial del costo y el hecho de que una póliza de seguro opera directamente en pesos; muestran que el seguro es una alternativa para la gestión de riesgos en los precios del maíz, con una menor carga a los contribuyentes. _______________...
Palavras-chave: ASERCA; Cobertura; Distribución Laplace; Maíz; Prima; Seguro; Hedging; Insurance; Laplace distribution; Premium; Maestría; Economía.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/196

Cálculo del costo de la prima de un seguro contra caída del precio de maíz blanco: Caso Sinaloa.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Rivera Silva, Ana Laura.
El presente trabajo compara el costo total de una póliza de seguros para la caída de precios del maíz blanco de Sinaloa contra el costo de la cobertura simple ofrecida por ASERCA. El comportamiento sistemático de los precios fue modelado con un modelo autorregresivo, mientras que la parte aleatoria fue manejada por un ajuste de una distribución de Laplace a los residuales. Los resultados muestran que la prima del seguro por tonelada es al menos tan buena como la prima para ofrecida para la cobertura de ASERCA. El diferencial del costo y el hecho de que una póliza de seguro opera directamente en pesos; muestran que el seguro es una alternativa para la gestión de riesgos en los precios del maíz, con una menor carga a los contribuyentes. _______________...
Palavras-chave: ASERCA; Cobertura; Distribución Laplace; Maíz; Prima; Seguro; Hedging; Insurance; Laplace distribution; Premium; Maestría; Economía.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/196

Dealing with flood damages: will prevention, mitigation, and ex post compensation provide for a resilient triangle?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Suykens, Cathy; Institute for Environmental and Energy Law, KU Leuven; Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law, Utrecht University; c.b.r.suykens@uu.nl; Priest, Sally J; Flood Hazard Research Centre, Middlesex University; s.priest@mdx.ac.uk; van Doorn-Hoekveld, Willemijn J; Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law, Utrecht University; w.j.hoekveld@uu.nl; Thuillier, Thomas; Laboratory for Studies and Researches on Public Action, Universit&amp;#233; Fran&amp;#231;ois-Rabelais (Tours); tthuillier@univ-tours.fr; van Rijswick, Marleen; Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law, Utrecht University; H.vanRijswick@uu.nl.
There is a wealth of literature on the design of ex post compensation mechanisms for natural disasters. However, more research needs to be done on the manner in which these mechanisms could steer citizens toward adopting individual-level preventive and protection measures in the face of flood risks. We have provided a comparative legal analysis of the financial compensation mechanisms following floods, be it through insurance, public funds, or a combination of both, with an empirical focus on Belgium, the Netherlands, England, and France. Similarities and differences between the methods in which these compensation mechanisms for flood damages enhance resilience were analyzed. The comparative analysis especially focused on the link between the recovery...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive building; Compensation; Flood mitigation; Flood risk governance; Flood risk prevention; Insurance; Recovery; Resilience.
Ano: 2016

Sharing as risk pooling in a social dilemma experiment
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cherry, Todd L.; Appalachian State University; Center for International Climate and Environmental Research (CICERO); cherrytl@appstate.edu; Howe, E. Lance; University of Alaska Anchorage; elhowe@uaa.alaska.edu; Murphy, James J.; University of Alaska Anchorage; Nankai University; Chapman University; murphy@uaa.alaska.edu.
In rural economies with missing or incomplete markets, idiosyncratic risk is frequently pooled through informal networks. Idiosyncratic shocks, however, are not limited to private goods but can also restrict an individual from partaking in or benefiting from a collective activity. In these situations, a group must decide whether to provide insurance to the affected member. We describe results of a laboratory experiment designed to test whether a simple sharing institution can sustain risk pooling in a social dilemma with idiosyncratic risk. We tested whether risk could be pooled without a commitment device and, separately, whether effective risk pooling induced greater cooperation in the social dilemma. We found that even in the absence of a commitment...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Collective action; Experimental economics; Idiosyncratic risk; Income smoothing; Insurance; Lab experiment; Public goods; Resource sharing; Risk pooling; Social dilemma; Social-ecological systems; Team production.
Ano: 2015

Village and Household Economies in India's Semi-arid Tropics
Provedor de dados: 30
Autores: S.
Palavras-chave: Tropical zones; Economic systems; Nutritional status (soil); Crop insurance; Arid zones; Nutrient intake; Manpower; Insurance; Sorghum.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/4076

New Regulations Governing Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations Require New Solutions: Discussion
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Ronald A.; Thomas,   Michael H.
This paper discusses the three invited papers presented in the session titled “New Regulations Require New Solutions:  Federal Provisions Governing Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations” (i.e., CAFOs).  These papers provide an excellent review of current state and federal laws and an excellent summary of what has been and is currently being done with respect to CAFO regulation.  The papers present three different policy approaches: i) alternative performance standards, ii) location-specific regulation, and iii) insurance-based underwriting of CAFO discharges.  Each approach has its drawbacks; however, blending theses suggested policies into current regulations would result in efficiency gains.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Alternative performance standards; Animal Feeding Operations; Confined Animal Feeding Operations; Environmental quality; Insurance; Livestock; Manure management; Market-based incentives; Regulation; Spatial regulation; D81; K32; Q52; Q55; Q58.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43349

Are Our Agricultural Risk Management Tools Adequate for a New Era?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barnett,   Barry J.; Coble,   Keith H.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Risk; Commodity programs; Insurance; Agricultural Finance; Risk and Uncertainty; D80; G11; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94700

Utilizing Contingent Claims to Improve the Management of CAFOs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gramig,   Benjamin M.; Skees,   Jerry R.; Black,   J. Roy.
We propose a market-based approach to reducing the environmental risk posed by concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs).  The dual problems of hidden information and hidden action faced by policymakers are considered alongside the competing incentives faced by the CAFO manager in a multiple principal-agent setting.  A new approach that uses insurance-like contracts is introduced by use of the specific example of a swine operation with a lagoon-based manure management system.  Index-based contingent claims contracts in tandem with third-party auditing and waste hauling options are introduced as a complement to regulatory frameworks designed to reduce negative externalities from production.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Animal feeding operations; Asymmetric information; Environmental risk; Insurance; Public policy; Regulation; D82; G22; L51; Q18; Q25; Q28.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43346

Insuring Against Losses from Transgenic Contamination: The Case of Pharmaceutical Maize
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ripplinger,   David G.; Hayes,   Dermot J.; Goggi,   Susana; Lamkey,   Kendall R.
Concerns about the risk of food supply contamination and the resulting financial losses have limited the development and commercialization of certain pharmaceutical plants. This article develops an insurance pricing model that helps translate these concerns into a cost-benefit analysis. The model first estimates the physical dispersal of maize pollen subject to a number of weather parameters. This distribution is then validated with the limited amount of currently available field trial data. The physical distribution is then used to calculate the premium for a fair-valued insurance policy that would fund the destruction of possibly contaminated fields. The flexible framework can be readily adapted to other crops, management practices, and regions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Contemporaneous fertility; Costs and benefits; Insurance; Pharmaceutical maize; Pollen dispersal; Risks and benefits; Stochastic model.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37332

Agricultural Insurance as an Environmental Policy Tool
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coble,   Keith H.; Hanson,   Terrill R.; Miller,   J. Corey; Shaik,   Saleem.
This paper examines the possibility that insurance for row crops, livestock, and aquaculture can be used effectively to encourage producers to adopt practices that will improve environmental behavior.  Examples of agricultural environmental insurance are provided and considered in the context of alternative policy mechanisms.  The current state of agricultural insurance and the nonagricultural environmental insurance market are explored.  We also lay out the characteristics of an insurable risk along with the theoretical basis of insurance provision.  An empirical example of an environmental insurance design is provided, and the behavioral implications of such a design are examined.  Finally, we discuss important considerations that should be evaluated...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environment; Insurance; Liability; D81; G22; H23; K13; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43214

Use of public assistance and private aid by legal and unauthorized immigrants who work in agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moretti,   Enrico; Perloff,   Jeffrey M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural labor; Government aid; Immigration; Insurance; Irca; Welfare economics; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47284

ROMANIAN INSURANCE BUSINESS TRENDS AND THE INTERNATIONAL CRISIS EFFECTS ON IT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Joldes,   Cosmin; Horobet,   Alexandra.
Is it interesting a 2 billion euro insurance market for the “old” Europe? “Not very much” one may say considering this figure represents no more than 16% of the insurance turn-over in the case of the most recent entry in the Romanian market, Groupama. The answer is still not as simple as that because “interesting” in business terms is not only about today, but very much about tomorrow. By the end of 2007 it was obvious that the Romanian insurance market is far from calming down. Not only that for the time being change is still the main real constant in use, but figures show that the market environment becomes more challenging than ever these days. The market situation showed that this allegation it was by that time more likely to be true than ever.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Insurance; Trends; Crisis; Change; Strategies; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Financial Economics; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53533

Factors Explaining Farmers' Insurance Purchase in the Dutch Dairy Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ogurtsov,   Victor A.; Van Asseldonk,   Marcel A.P.M.; Huirne,   Ruud B.M.
This paper analyzed the impact of farm and farmer characteristics on the acceptability to dairy farmers in the Netherlands of an all-risk insurance package and underlying specific categories of insurance coverage. The major farm characteristics considered were structural, operational and financial variables, while farmer age was the major farmer-specific characteristic analyzed. The specific insurance categories reviewed were damage, legal, disability, liability and health insurance. The results suggest that there are common and insurance-specific factors that can improve the design of insurance policies for dairy farmers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Insurance; Farm characteristics; Risk; Dairy farm; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7774

Can Risk Reducing Policies Reduce Farmer's Risk and Improve Their Welfare?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anton,   Jesus; Giner,   Celine.
This paper develops an analytical model able to represent the decisions of an individual risk averse farmer facing variability in both prices and yields. A comprehensive set of stylised risk reducing policy measures is represented. A calibration of the model is used to run Monte-Carlo simulations and to obtain optimal responses. The main focus is the interaction between policy measures and market strategies in terms of impacts on production, welfare and risk. Risk reducing strategies that cover different sources of risk, such as price and yield variability, may be complementary for the farmers. Counter-cyclical area payments create incentives to bring land into production and their capacity to reduce farming risk is mitigated by the potential crowding out...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Risk; Welfare; Policy; Insurance; Counter-cyclical; Agricultural and Food Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; D81; Q12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24578

MARKETING AND CROP INSURANCE COMBINED TO MANAGE RISK ON A CASS COUNTY REPRESENTATIVE FARM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Clow,   Aaron D.; Flaskerud,   George K.
This study analyzed the effects that the use of crop insurance products and marketing alternatives had on the gross revenue per acre for an individual farm in Cass County. Crop insurance products and marketing strategies were analyzed individually to determine if they were effective in minimizing down side risk, and combined to determine if integration created synergies. A whole farm scenario analysis was run that included integrated strategies that implemented the same insurance coverage and marketing alternatives for each crop.  Several general conclusions can be drawn for situations similar to the representative farm. When analyzed at the individual crop level, the use of crop insurance at the 65 percent level minimizes down side risk in wheat and corn,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Risk; Management; Strategy; Yield; Price; Insurance; Market; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23517

Risk Management in Smallholder Cattle Farming: A Hypothetical Insurance Approach in Western Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Otieno,   David Jakinda; Oluoch-Kosura,   Willis; Karugia,   Joseph Thuo; Drucker,   Adam G.; Rege,   Edward.
Smallholder cattle farming is an important livelihood strategy in most developing countries like Kenya. However, tropical diseases in Africa often wipe out these valuable assets. This paper focuses on mitigation of cattle disease risks through a hypothetical insurance scheme. The study is based on data from a survey conducted on a purposive sample of 300 smallholder cattle farmers in Kakamega and Siaya districts of Western Kenya. Descriptive measures and a regression model were used in the analysis. Results of the study showed that most farmers (91.3%) were willing to participate in the cattle insurance scheme. Also, the farmers observed that the scheme would enable them to increase their herd sizes and change their breed composition. The farmer's mean...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cattle; Smallholder livelihoods; Disease risks; Insurance; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25489

INSURING AGAINST LOSSES FROM TRANSGENIC CONTAMINATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ripplinger,   David G.; Hayes,   Dermot J.; Lamkey,   Kendall R.
Concerns about contamination of the food supply and the financial losses that would result have limited the promise of certain genetically engineered plants. This article addresses the situation by constructing an insurance pricing model to protect against those losses.  The model first estimates the physical dispersal of corn pollen subject to a number of parameters.  This physical distribution is then used to calculate the premium for fair valued insurance that would be necessary to destroy contaminated fields.  The flexible framework can be readily adapted to other crops, management practices, and regions.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contemporaneous fertility; Insurance; Lagrangian stochastic model; Pharmaceutical-corn; Pollen dispersal; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20350

Excluded Losses and the Demand for Insurance (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meyer,   Donald J.; Meyer,   Jack.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Risk; Insurance; Decision-making; Risk and Uncertainty; D81.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48907

Direct payments, crop insurance and the volatility of farm income. Some evidence in France and in Italy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Enjolras,   Geoffroy; Capitanio,   Fabian; Aubert,   Magali; Adinolfi,   Felice.
Volatility of farm income represents a major challenge for farm management and the design of public policies. This paper measures the extent to which risk management tools, especially direct payments and crop insurance, can significantly reduce crop income volatility in France and in Italy. We use an original dataset of 9,555 farms for the period 2003-2007 drawn up from the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) and three different econometric models to explain the volatility of crop income. The results are contrasted between the specialization of the farms and the two countries: Italian farms use management tools (CAP payments and crop insurance) so as to improve their income and to reduce its volatility (crop insurance, inputs). French farms use the same...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Volatility; Direct payments; Insurance; France; Italy; FADN; Risk and Uncertainty; G22; Q14; Q18.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122478

An Analysis of an Alliance: NAFTA Trucking and the US Insurance Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Condon,   Bradly; Sinha,   Tapen.
In the NAFTA, the United States agreed to phase out restrictions on the operation of Mexican trucking companies in the United States. When the deadlines came, the Clinton Administration chose to maintain the restrictions. Following a NAFTA panel ruling against the United States, the Bush Administration announced it would remove the restrictions. The decision has met with opposition from both truckers and insurers in the United States, who cite safety concerns. This article examines the economic, political and legal forces at work in this debate, as well as the relationship between the NAFTA and WTO rules on trade in services that apply.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: NAFTA; Insurance; Trucking; WTO; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23873

Torts and the Protection of "Legally Recognized" Interests
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoffmann,   Sandra A.; Hanemann,   W. Michael.
The law of torts plays an important role in completing the legal property rights system by defining the extent to which property is protected from harm. It does this by defining the kinds of interests that will be recognized and protected from harm by the courts, the duty of care owed these recognized interests by others, and the manner in which they will be protected through monetary compensation, restitution, or injunction. Together, these three elements of torts define a right in the "bundle of rights" that constitute property. In this paper, we develop a systematic approach to formalizing the nature of the property rights protected by tort law. We use this approach to reexamine the literature on compensation for nonpecuniary damages. This reexamination...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Torts; Property rights; Liability; Compensation; Damages; Insurance; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D31; D63; K0; K13.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10472

Insure or Invest in Green Technologies to Protect Against Adverse Weather Events?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pietola,   Kyosti; Myyra,   Sami; Niemi,   Jarkko K.; Van Asseldonk,   Marcel A.P.M.
This paper analyses investments in green technologies when insurance is also an option. Green technologies are defined to have the power to increase productivity and decrease volatility of future revenues. The insurance options involve the scale and coverage either in a yield insurance or in an index insurance. The stochastic process is a combination of insurable stationary short-run process and non-stationary long run process. The optimal decision rules are solved numerically by stochastic dynamic programming. The results suggest that the index insurance maintains market based incentives to invest in green technologies whereas a yield insurance substantially decreases investments, as expected. An actuarially fair yield insurance decreases investments at...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Investment; Insurance; Uncertainty; Dynamic programming; Green technology; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100738

Insuring Rural China's Health? An Empirical Analysis of China's New Cooperative Medical System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Linxiu; Wang,   H. Holly; Rozelle,   Scott; Yan,   Yuanyuan.
Although health is an important factor in economic development, millions of China's rural residents have no medical coverage. Nearly 10 percent of those that were sick in rural China consciously did not seek medical care, mostly because of financial constraints. More than 25% of rural residents are dissatisfied with their village's health system. In response to this deteriorating situation, a new cooperative medical system (NCMS) was initialized in rural China in 2003 by the government. However, after two years of trials, there has been no household-based, economic analysis of the program. This paper provides one of the first. Although where introduced, most rural residents voluntarily participate, there are many problems with the program. First, at least...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural Health; Insurance; Targeting; Design Problems; China; Health Economics and Policy; I11; O15; O53.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25586

Livestock Revenue Insurance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hart,   Chad E.; Babcock,   Bruce A.; Hayes,   Dermot J.
This study outlines several possible structures for livestock revenue insurance. The policies take the form of an exotic option—an Asian basket option. The actuarially fair premiums for these policies are equal to the prices of the options they represent. Due to the complexity of pricing Asian basket options, we have combined two techniques for pricing options to reach the actuarially fair premiums. Projected premiums, producer welfare, and program efficiency are evaluated for the insurance products and existing market tools. Using efficiency ratios and certainty equivalent returns, we compare the insurance policies to strategies involving existing futures and options.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Insurance; Livestock; Revenue; Options; Asian basket option; Premiums; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18356

USING INSURANCE TO ENHANCE NITROGEN FERTILIZER APPLICATION TIMING TO REDUCE NITROGEN LOSSES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huang,   Wen-Yuan.
Nitrogen applied before planting is more vulnerable to loss to the environment than nitrogen applied during the growing season, but the growing season application can increase the risk of lower yields caused by adverse weather that prohibits farmers to complete N application.  An expected utility framework is used to illustrate the potential economic benefit of insurance for a farmer to reduce this risk of cost.  An expected-value variance analysis is used to illustrate the potential benefit of insurance to Iowa corn growers who apply N fertilizer only during the growing season.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Insurance; Nitrogen fertilizer; Application timings; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15520

Infrequent Shocks and Rating Revenue Insurance: A Contingent Claims Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Manfredo,   Mark R.
Revenue insurance represents an important new risk management tool for agricultural producers. While there are many farm-level products, Group Risk Income Protection (GRIP) is an area-based alternative. Insurers set premium rates for GRIP on the assumption of a continuous revenue distribution, but discrete events may cause the actual value of insurance to differ by a significant amount. This study develops a contingent claims approach to determining the error inherent in ignoring these infrequent events in rating GRIP insurance. An empirical example from the California grape industry demonstrates the significance of this error and suggests an alternative method of determining revenue insurance premiums.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Black-Scholes; Contingent claim; Grapes; Insurance; Jump-diffusion; Option pricing; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31094

Expanding the National Flood Insurance Program to Cover Coastal Erosion Damage
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Keeler,   Andrew G.; Kriesel,   Warren; Landry,   Craig E.
This paper uses the results of a nationwide survey of coastal property owners to estimate the demand for insurance against erosion damage.  The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) does not technically cover such damage, although in practice there is considerable uncertainty about this point.  The ability to insure against such losses has implications for the choice of beach management strategies and for NFIP management.  We find significant demand for insurance at prices in the range of current flood insurance premiums, although median willingness to pay appears to be less than cost of providing such insurance.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Coastal erosion; Insurance; Risk; Q24; G22; H41.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43199

Agricultural Insurances Based on Meteorological Indices: Realizations, Methods and Research Agenda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leblois,   Antoine; Quirion,   Philippe.
In many low-income countries, agriculture is mostly rain-fed and yields highly depend on climatic factors. Furthermore, farmers have little access to traditional crop insurance, which suffers from high information asymmetry and transaction costs. Insurances based on meteorological indices could fill this gap since they do not face such drawbacks. However their implementation has been slow so far.  In this article, we first describe the most advanced projects that have taken place in developing countries using these types of crop insurances. We then describe the methodology that has been used to design such projects, in order to choose the meteorological index, the indemnity schedule and the insurance premium. We finally draw an agenda for research in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Insurance; Climatic Risk; Environmental Economics and Policy; G21; O12; Q12; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91004

Determinants of Participation in a Catastrophe Insurance Programme: Empirical Evidence from a Developing Country
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akter,   Sonia; Brouwer,   Roy; Chowdhury,   Saria; Aziz,   Salina.
The paper presents empirical evidence of the determinants of catastrophe insurance participation in one of the poorest and most disaster prone countries in the world. In a large-scale household survey carried out in 2006 we ask 3,000 residents in six different districts in Bangladesh facing various environmental risk exposure levels about their willingness to participate in a catastrophe insurance programme. Combining factors put forward in risk theory and economics, we estimate a model of insurance participation. We show that the household decision to participate in the insurance programme differs depending on both exogenous and endogenous risk exposure levels. As predicted by micro-economic theory, ability to pay, measured in terms of household income...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Natural disasters; Catastrophe; Insurance; Participation; Risk; Bangladesh; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5984

Fruit Policies in Japan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ito,   Kenzo; Dyck,   John H.
Government programs and subsidies regulate and support Japan’s large fruit-production sector, bolstering farm incomes and output levels. Supply-management programs that target annual production levels for some fruits, in order to maintain market prices, contribute to higher prices for consumers, although other programs aim to increase fruit consumption. Japan’s tariffs and phytosanitary measures also create barriers to fruit consumption and limit imports. Producers in the United States, a major fruit supplier to Japan, could benefit from reduced barriers.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Japan; Fruits; Policies; Production; Subsidies; Insurance; Farm markets; Tariffs; Phytosanitary measures; U.S. Department of Agriculture; USDA; Economic Research Service; ERS; FTS-341-01; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92336

Efficiency of Selected Risk Management Instruments - An Empirical Analysis of Risk Reduction in Kazakhstani Crop Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Heidelbach,   Olaf.
Recent academic discussion regarding crop insurance in developing and transition countries has focused on weather index insurance. But empirical analyses of such schemes based on farm level data cannot be found in the literature, though this insurance type shows clear advantages compared to multiple-peril crop insurance and revenue insurance. Recent empirical applications of risk and stochastic programming models focus on the optimisation of production planning, while literature on the effects of crop insurance on the farm level mainly focuses on the empirical investigation of reductions in farm income variance. The novelty of this paper is that it integrates regionally-adapted insurance products and expert-evaluated technology choices into a programming...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Risk; Risk management; Insurance; Agriculture; Kazakhstan; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; Q12; Q14; G22; D82.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25243

Basis Risk and Weather Hedging Effectiveness
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Woodard,   Joshua D.; Garcia,   Philip.
Basis risk has been cited as a primary concern for implementing weather hedges. This study investigates several dimensions of weather basis risk for the U.S. corn market at various levels of aggregation. The results suggest that while the degree of geographic basis risk may be significant in some instances, it should not preclude the use of geographic cross-hedging. In addition, the degree to which geographic basis risk impedes effective hedging diminishes as the level of spatial aggregation increases. In fact, geographic basis risk is actually negative in the case most representative of a reinsurance hedge, and the reduction in risk from employing straightforward temperature derivatives is significant. Finally, precipitation hedges are found to introduce...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Weather Derivatives; Basis Risk; Spatial Aggregation; Insurance; Hedging Effectiveness; Agricultural Finance; Marketing; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9254

Effectiveness of information communication technology in rural insurance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thamodaran,   Varadaraju; Ramesh,   Mahalingam.
Information and communications technologies are a device set of technological tools and resources used to communicate rural people about to disseminate awareness, create interest and to stimulate enroll intentions of insurance. It has enabled countries to leapfrog traditional modes of service delivery and make manifold improvements in process effectiveness and efficiency. Widespread adoption and application of information communication technology across the different fields of society and the economy is presently considered to be the key factor behind boosting competitiveness and developing an informed society. In general, information communication technology and its tools that people use to share, distribute, information gathering and to communicate with...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Insurance; ICT; Effectiveness; Rural people; Media.; Agricultural Finance; M17.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96026

Health Care Reform and Farm Women’s Off-Farm Labor Force Participation: Evidence from Taiwan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liao,   Pei-An; Taylor,   J. Edward.
Do non-wage fringe benefits affect women’s off-farm work decisions? We test the impact of the 1995 introduction of universal National Health Insurance (NHI) in Taiwan on off-farm labor force participation (LFP) among farm wives. Our results, based on a difference-in- differences approach, indicate that employment-delinked NHI reduced farm wives’ off-farm LFP by 9.6 to 13.6 percentage points. The larger impact was for wives from small farm households. The health insurance reform had a larger negative impact on overall LFP among married women in agricultural households than in nonagricultural households.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural households; Difference-in-differences; Farm wives; Health care; Insurance; Labor force participation; Off-farm; Taiwan; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93218

THE ROLE OF RESEARCH IN PRODUCER RISK MANAGEMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coble,   Keith H.; Barnett,   Barry J.
Agricultural economists have for many decades concerned ourselves with gaining an understanding of individual behavior when confronted with risk, and developing tools to address decision-making under risk.  This area of research has recently gained renewed attention for a variety of reasons.  This paper attempts to provide a review of the current status of risk related research, to assess areas where we have made significant progress, and also areas where expected benefits of future work are greatest.   Theoretical advancements have contributed to our understanding of portfolio trade-offs, optimal input and output decisions, and the use of instruments such as futures and insurance.  Advances in the ability to quantify risk with more robust methodologies...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Risk; Insurance; Research; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15803

An Insurance Approach to Risk Management in the Ethanol Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paulson,   Nicholas D.; Babcock,   Bruce A.; Hart,   Chad E.; Hayes,   Dermot J.
The vast majority of crop and revenue insurance policies sold in the United States are single-crop policies that insure against low yields or revenues for each crop grown on the farm. But, increasingly, producer income is based more on the value of crops that have been converted into a value-added product such as ethanol. Moreover, the recent increases in energy and com-modity price levels and volatilities emphasize the importance of risk management to ethanol investors. This paper uses an insurance approach to outline a risk management tool which mimics the gross margin level of a typical corn-based ethanol plant. The gross margin, pre-mium, and indemnity levels are calculated on a per bushel basis to enable producers/investors to utilize the product...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Corn-based ethanol; Insurance; Risk management; Correlation; Monte Carlo; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44738

Effects of Private Insurance on Forest Landowners' Incentives to Sequester and Trade Carbon under Uncertainty: Impact of Hurricanes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Grover,   Mansi; Bosch,   Darrell J.; Preisley,   Stephen P.
We evaluate incentives of forest landowners for sequestering and trading carbon, given the risk of carbon loss from hurricanes, and an opportunity to insure their losses. Results of simulation model reveal that the effect of hurricane risk depends on the variability of returns from carbon and timber and landowners' ability to mitigate risk by diversifying forest holdings across regions or transferring risk by purchasing insurance.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Carbon Sequestration; Emissions Trading; Natural Disaster; Risk; Insurance; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54; Q58.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19516

Funding Animal Healthcare Systems: Mechanisms and Options
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Riviere-Cinnamond,   Ana.
Consumer-driven demand for meat and dairy products is driving an increase in livestock production and demand for improved animal healthcare services. These must be effective, affordable and accessible to ensure a profitable livestock sector. Especially important are the needs of poor livestock keepers who may have no other means of livelihood and who, following privatisation, may have become excluded from animal healthcare services.   Animal healthcare has far-reaching implications. Increased livestock production brings risks to public health from greater animal-human contact and zoonotic diseases. There are potential environmental hazards as well as issues of food safety and the need to ensure trade standards are met. But effective, comprehensive animal...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Funding mechanisms; Taxes; Animal health services; Public finance; Hypothecation; Insurance; Decentralisation; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23765

Good News, Bad News: Results from a National Representative Panel Survey on China’s NCMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yi,   Hongmei; Zhang,   Linxiu; Singer,   Kim; Rozelle,   Scott; Atlas,   Scott.
The overall goal of the paper is to understand the progress of the implementation of China’s New Cooperative Medical System (NCMS) program. In the paper we seek to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the program and understand its effect on rural residents using a panel of national-representative, household survey data that were collected in 2005 and early 2008. According to our data, we found that there have been substantial improvements to the NCMS in coverage and participation. The service received by rural residents also improved in 2007. While the progress of the NCMS program is clear, there are still weaknesses. Most importantly, the program clearly does not meet its goal of providing insurance against catastrophic illnesses. On average,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural health; Insurance; China; Community/Rural/Urban Development; I1.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50104

El seguro escolar gratuito y el seguro materno infantil: análisis de su incidencia e impacto sobre el acceso a los servicios de salud y sobre la equidad en el acceso
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jaramillo,   Miguel; Parodi,   Sandro.
A fines de la década pasada el gobierno peruano implementó dos seguros públicos para mejorar el acceso a los servicios de salud de las mujeres y de los niños más pobres de la población: el Seguro Escolar Gratuito (SEG) y el Seguro Materno Infantil (SMI). Según la teoría, dichos seguros deberían haber contribuido a disminuir las barreras de acceso a los servicios de salud, redistribuyendo recursos hacia los más pobres, e induciendo, por lo tanto, a una mejora en la equidad. El presente estudio intenta establecer si este objetivo logró concretarse en la realidad.  Un primer nivel de análisis encuentra que la implementación de los seguros tuvo un efecto positivo sobre la cobertura ante los riesgos de salud y que tanto el SEG como el SMI se convirtieron en las...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Seguros; Servicios de salud; Seguro escolar; Salud maternoinfantil; Perú; Insurance; Health services; School insurance; Maternal and child health; Peru; Health Economics and Policy; G22; I1.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37732

Value and Risks of Expiring Carbon Credits from CDM Afforestation and Reforestation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dutschke,   Michael; Schlamadinger,   Bernhard; Wong,   Jenny L.P.; Rumberg,   Michael.
The Milan conference of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change has established two types of emission offsets under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), valid for afforestation and reforestation activities. In order to account for the non-permanent nature of carbon storage in forests, these credits expire after a predefined periods, after which the buyer needs to replace them. The present article assesses their market value in relation to "permanent" credits, identifies their specific risks and proposes how to mitigate and manage them. It analyzes strengths and weaknesses of expiring credits for sellers and buyers. Taking the example of the EU emissions trading system, the authors discuss how expiring credits could reach fungibility with permanent...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: CDM; Afforestation; Reforestation; Permanence; Insurance; LCER; TCER; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q25; Q13.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26347

Index Insurance, Probabilistic Climate Forecasts, and Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carriquiry,   Miguel A.; Osgood,   Daniel E.
Index insurance and probabilistic seasonal forecasts are becoming available in developing countries to help farmers manage climate risks in production. Although these tools are intimately related, work has not been done to formalize the connections between them. We investigate the relationship between the risk management tools through a model of input choice under uncertainty, forecasts, and insurance. While it is possible for forecasts to undermine insurance, we find that when contracts are appropriately designed, there are important synergies between forecasts, insurance, and effective input use. Used together, these tools overcome barriers preventing the use of imperfect information in production decision making.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Basis risk; Climate forecast; Index insurance; Input decisions; Insurance; Risk management; Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6107

Food Security: An Insurance Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Konandreas,   Panos A.; Huddleston,   Barbara; Virabongsa,   Ramabgkura.
The International Food Policy Research Institute’s early efforts have shown dramatically what an immense food problem the Third World and the globe generally face over the next decades. Solution to that problem requires a major commitment of resource and the political will to back up that commitment on the part of developing and developed countries alike. But, even if that commitment is made, it is becoming increasingly apparent that lack of purchasing power in the hands of the poor not only stands in the way of reaching the objective f adequate diets for all, but may also prevent latent demand from making itself felt through remunerative prices, production may ot grow at the rate required to meet the true food needs of the world’s population a decade or...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Underdeveloped areas; Food supplies; Insurance; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1978
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42224

INSURING UNCERTAINTY IN VALUE-ADDED AGRICULTURE: ETHANOL PRODUCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paulson,   Nicholas D.; Babcock,   Bruce A.; Hart,   Chad E.; Hayes,   Dermot J.
A wide variety of insurance products is available to agricultural producers to insure against yield or price risks in the markets for the raw commodities they produce. Value-added enterprises, such as ethanol production, have been expanding over the last decade. This paper outlines the development of an insurance product aimed at corn producers who are members of an ethanol production cooperative. The product has the potential to provide these producers with a new and useful risk management tool to insure against price risks in the markets for corn, distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), ethanol, and natural gas. Monte Carlo analysis is used to develop fair premiums at various coverage levels. A historical correlation structure is imposed on the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Correlations; Ethanol; Insurance; Risk management; Value-added agriculture; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18375

Securitizing peanut production risk with catastrophe (CAT) bonds
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Epperson,   James E.
A catastrophe (CAT) bond is designed for peanut production as a means of transferring natural disaster risks from insurance purveyors to the global capital market. The CAT bond so designed is priced using state-level historical yields for peanut production in the southern part of the United States in the State of Georgia. The index triggering the CAT bond contract was based on percent deviation from state average yield. The principal finding of the study is that it appears feasible for crop insurance purveyors to issue insurance-linked securities. CAT bonds can reduce the variance of the loss ratio when issued optimally with regard to the number of bonds and contract specifications. CAT bonds could therefore be used in hedging catastrophic risk effectively...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Insurance; Reinsurance; Pricing; Hedging; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44512

A HYPERBOLIC TANGENT YIELD FUNCTION OF FLORIDA CITRUS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cheng,   Lan; Moss,   Charles B.
This study models Florida citrus production as a function of the age profile of a given tree stock. The age relationship is estimated using a modified hyperbolic tangent function and the parameters is solved by Spatial Process Models and Maximum Likelihood approach. The estimation is based on the production data of four citrus varieties in 25 regions of Florida from 1992 to 2005. The results show smooth “S”-shaped yield curves of Florida citrus. This analysis offers yield function of citrus as the first step for statistical modeling of the risks associated with citrus cancers aimed at pricing insurance rates.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Yield function; Citrus; Hyperbolic tangent; Insurance; Spatial autoregressive; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9876

Intrahousehold Resource Allocation in Cote D'Ivoire: Social Norms, Separate Accounts and Consumption Choices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duflo,   Esther; Udry,   Christopher R.
In Cote d'Ivoire, as in much of Africa, husbands and wives farm different crops on separate plots. These different crops are differentially sensitive to particular kinds of rainfall shocks. We find that conditional on overall household expenditure, the composition of expenditure is sensitive to the gender of the recipient of a rainfall shock. For example, rainfall shocks associated with high women's income shift expenditure towards food. Social norms constrain the use of profits from yam cultivation, which is carried out by men. Correspondingly, we find that rainfall-induced fluctuations in income from yams are transmitted to expenditures on education and food, not to expenditures on private goods. We reject the hypothesis of complete insurance within...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Intra-household allocation; Insurance; Social norms; Mental accounts; Consumer/Household Economics; O12; D13.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28404

Can Permanence Be Insured? Consideration of Some Technical and Practical Issues of Insuring Carbon Credits from Afforestation and Reforestation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wong,   Jenny L.P.; Dutschke,   Michael.
Greenhouse gas (GHG) removals by afforestation and reforestation project activities under the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) are vulnerable to a variety of risks and uncertainties, resulting in the partial or total reversal of such removals. Hence, GHG removals from these sink activities are considered to be of temporary nature and non-permanent. Specific modalities related to non-permanence will need to be developed in order to include afforestation and reforestation project activities under the CDM and for a decision on modalities to be reached at COP 9 in December 2003. Two main options on how to address non-permanence have been proposed, these being temporary credits and insurance of emission reduction credits. This paper discusses...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Clean Development Mechanism; Forestry; Insurance; Permanence; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q25; Q13.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26270

PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRONIC SERVICES IN THE LATVIAN INSURANCE MARKET
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Polovko,   Svetlana.
E-insurance is a vital topic for research as in the market of Latvia the given type of service has appeared rather recently - in September, 2006. The paper studies prospects of E-commerce development of insurance market in Latvia. Value of an information technology in the insurance market, growth profile of E-commerce, advantages of this E-channel use in insurance sales are considered.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Insurance; E-commerce; Insurance policy; Insurance company.; Financial Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; G22.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94582

The Main Determinants of Insurance Purchase: An Empirical Study on Crop Insurance Policies in France
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Enjolras,   Geoffroy; Sentis,   P.
Using data for 2002-2005 on a representative survey of French farms (FADN-RICA), we investigate the different factors that lead farmers to insure against crop risk. Our analysis takes into account a mix of both standard individual, financial and agricultural criteria. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses as well as logistic regressions underline the main differences between insured and non-insured farms. Compared to non-insured farms, we find that insured farms present greater financial and agricultural sizes, a more diversified production and have been motivated by the occurrence of recent catastrophic climatic events. Although essential in the cross-sectional analysis, the influence of financial parameters in the decision to insure is mitigated. On...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Insurance; Demand; Crop insurance; Catastrophe risk; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44395

Current factors of insurance in agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bokusheva,   Raushan; Heidelbach,   Olaf.
This discussion paper is our response to numerous questions and the desire of our counterparts from the CIS countries to receive more up-to-date information about insurance in agriculture. Accordingly, we have tried to shed light on the main aspects of insurance as one tool of risk management in agriculture. Thus, our purpose is to give the reader information on principles and potential of insurance, its main problems and possible solutions. Additionally, this paper provides a comparative overview of the presently most widespread insurance schemes.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Risiko; Versicherung; Versicherungsprodukte; Landwirtschaft; Risk; Insurance; Insurance schemes; Agriculture; Слова: риск; Страхование; Страховые схемы; Сельское хозяйство.; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; G22; Q14; D82.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92167