Consulta: subjectFacets:"Investment"
Registros recuperados: 131
Data/hora: 16/06/2024 04:58:10

Making agricultural resarch a priority for public investment.
Provedor de dados: 119
Autores: ALVES, E. R. de A.
From society's point of view, the question is whether investment in Agricultural research should be considered as a priority for the public sector. In other words, should a major objective be to. increase total funds allocated to agricultural research? This issue has been given inadequate treatment in the literature as upposed to establishing priorities for allocating available funds which has received considerable coverage in economic Iiterature.
Tipo: Parte de livro
Palavras-chave: Agricultua; Agricultural; Investment; Making; Manufaturada; Prioridade; Priority.; Investimento; Pesquisa.; Research.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/958557

Framing sustainability in a telecoupled world.
Provedor de dados: 119
Autores: LIU, J.; HULL, V.; BATISTELLA, M.; DEFRIES, R.; DIETZ, T.; FU, F.; HERTEL, T. W.; IZAURRALDE, R. C.; LAMBIN, E. F.; LI, S.; MARTINELLI, L. A.; MCCONNELL, W. J.; MORAN, E. F.; NAYLOR, R.; OUYANG, Z.; POLENSKE, K. R.; REENBERG, A.; ROCHA, G. DE M.; SIMMONS, C. S.; VERBURG, P. H.; VITOUSEK, P. M.; ZHANG, F.; ZHU, C.
Interactions between distant places are increasingly widespread and influential, often leading to unexpected outcomes with profound implications for sustainability. Numerous sustainability studies have been conducted within a particular place with little attention to the impacts of distant interactions on sustainability in multiple places. although distant forces have been studied, they are usually treated as exogenous variables and feedbacks have rarely been considered. To understand and integrate various distant interactions better, we propose an integrated framework based on telecoupling, an umbrella concept that refers to socioeconomic and environmental interactions over distances. The concept of telecoupling is a logical extension of research on...
Tipo: Artigo de periódico
Palavras-chave: Socioeconomic and environmental interactions; Investment; Knowledge transfer; Migration; Species invasion; Sustainability; Teleconnection; Telecoupling; Transnational land deals; Water transfer.; Agents; Causes; Coupled human and natural systems; Coupled human-environment systems; Coupled socialecological systems; Dispersal; Distant interactions; Effects; Feedbacks; Flows; Globalization; Technology transfer; Trade.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/961534

Sustainable intensification for a larger global rice bowl.
Provedor de dados: 119
Autores: YUAN, S.; LINQUIST, B. A.; WILSON, L. T.; CASSMAN, K. G.; STUART, A. M.; PEDE, V.; MIRO, B.; SAITO, K.; AGUSTIANI, N.; ARISTYA, V. E.; KRISNADI, L. Y.; ZANON, A. J.; HEINEMANN, A. B.; CARRACELAS, G.; SUBASH, N.; BRAHMANAND, P. S.; LI, T.; PENG, S.; GRASSINI, P.
Future rice systems must produce more grain while minimizing the negative environmental impacts. A key question is how to orient agricultural research &amp; development (R&amp;D) programs at national to global scales to maximize the return on investment. Here we assess yield gap and resource-use efficiency (including water, pesticides, nitrogen, labor, energy, and associated global warming potential) across 32 rice cropping systems covering half of global rice harvested area. We show that achieving high yields and high resource-use efficiencies are not conflicting goals. Most cropping systems have room for increasing yield, resource-use efficiency, or both. In aggregate, current total rice production could be increased by 32%, and excess nitrogen almost...
Tipo: Artigo de periódico
Palavras-chave: Resource-use efficiency; Global agricultural; Investment; Arroz; Oryza Sativa; Impacto Ambiental; Produção Agrícola; Rice; Environmental impact; Resource management; Cropping systems; Crop production.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1137479

Estrategia economica da reforma de povoamentos florestais de Pinus sp.
Provedor de dados: 119
Autores: RIBAS, L. C.; GRACA, L. R.
o presente trabalho procurou caracterizar um critério de decisão para fins de reforma econômica de povoamentos florestais de Pinus sp., objetivando, desta forma, a substituição, no tempo, de povoamentos de baixa qualidade e produtividade, por outros em mais produtivos. O critério econômico baseu-se na maximização do lucro um processo de substituição (reforma). Sugeriu-se, que a reforma seja efetuada imediatamente após se efetivar o próximo desbaste planejado de um determinado povoamento. Por outro lado, condições específicas de custos, receitas, tempo e taxa de juros condicionarão o melhor momento de se reformar determinado povoamento florestal.
Tipo: Parte de livro
Palavras-chave: Investment; Forest planning.; Análise Econômica; Investimento; Planejamento Florestal.; Pinus; Economic analysis.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/300439

Study of the sweet chili pepper (Capsicum chinense) production system in the Caribbean region of Colombia: a technological and socio-economic perspective
Provedor de dados: 109
Autores: Martínez-Reina,Antonio María; Todececilla,Lilibet; Rodríguez-Pinto,María del Valle; Cordero,Carina Cecilia; Grandett-Martínez,Liliana María.
Abstract The objective of this work was to characterize technologically and economically the sweet chili pepper production system in the Caribbean region of Colombia. A survey was applied to 60 farmers using the simple random sampling technique. The economic returns were analyzed in the producing areas of San Juan del Cesar, in the department of La Guajira, and Ponedera, in the department of Atlántico, with an average of 0.6 hectares of the areas used for planting the sweet chili pepper. The average age of the farmers is 51 years old, with more than 11 years of experience in this crop. The results present differences in terms of production efficiency; for example, it was found that it is higher for the town of San Juan del Cesar, which is explained because...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Costs; Income; Investment; Returns.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-28122021000100042

Construcción de portafolios de portafolios.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Arana Ovalle, Roxana Ivette.
Se propone una estrategia de inversión para el “pequeño inversionista ” en los mercados de valores internacionales con los instrumentos denominados ETF. Se trata de un trabajo empírico que utiliza la Teoría Moderna del Crecimiento de la Economía, la Teoría Moderna de Construcción de Portafolios y la Teoría de distribución de probabilidades. De esta forma conjuga a la economía en su sentido puro, a las finanzas en su desarrollo teórico práctico y a la estadística con sus desarrollos metodológicos, para construir una estrategia que aporta al inversionista suficiente información para realizar inversiones alrededor del mundo, obteniendo atractivos rendimientos y al mismo tiempo minimizando el riesgo. Los resultados de la aplicación de la estrategia, muestran...
Palavras-chave: Inversión; Mercados internacionales; ETF; Crecimiento económico; TMP; Investment; International stock market; Economic growth; MTP; Small investors; Pequeño inversionista; Maestría; Estadística.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/218

Evaluación mediante opciones reales en la producción de jitomate en invernadero.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Osorio Hernández, Olga Lidia.
La diversidad climática, tecnológica, económica y social que existe en el campo mexicano, las pequeñas unidades de producción con suelos degradados, problemas de escasez de agua, creciente contaminación e impactadas por un entorno con alteraciones climáticas, hace necesaria la trasformación del campo mexicano mediante tecnologías modernas y sustentables para impulsar el crecimiento sostenido y acelerado; como resultado de lo anterior, el gobierno federal implementó una política pública sobre agricultura protegida bajo el Programa de Apoyo a la Inversión en Equipamiento e Infraestructura. En este contexto, la presente investigación evalúa el proyecto de inversión para la construcción de un invernadero para la producción de jitomate a través de la teoría de...
Palavras-chave: Proyecto; Agricultura protegida; Inversión; Incertidumbre; Opciones reales; Project; Protected agriculture; Investment; Uncertainty; Real options; Maestría; Economía.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/779

Análisis de inversiones requeridas y aplicadas en los distritos de riego en México en el período 2007 a 2012.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Mendoza Pérez, Juan.
En 1996 se creó el Programa Rehabilitación y Modernización de Distritos de Riego de la CONAGUA, el cual está bajo la responsabilidad de la Subdirección General de Infraestructura Hidroagrícola, a través de la Gerencia de Distritos de Riego, este programa opera bajo dos esquemas, Ejercicio Directo y Federalizado. Enel Ejercicio Directo las inversiones se aplican principalmente en la red mayor a cargo de la CONAGUA con recursos 100% federales, que son ejercidos directamente por la CONAGUA y en el Federalizado las acciones se aplican en la infraestructura concesionada en los distritos de riego y tecnificación del riego, con la aportación de recursos de hasta el 50% de la CONAGUA y el porcentaje restante de los usuarios beneficiados a través de las...
Palavras-chave: Planes Directores; Ejercicio Directo; Federalizado; Programadas; Aplicado; Inversiones; Plans; Direct Exercise; Federalized; Planned; Implemented; Investment; Hidrociencias; Maestría Tecnológica.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2074

Evaluación mediante opciones reales en la producción de jitomate en invernadero.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Osorio Hernández, Olga Lidia.
La diversidad climática, tecnológica, económica y social que existe en el campo mexicano, las pequeñas unidades de producción con suelos degradados, problemas de escasez de agua, creciente contaminación e impactadas por un entorno con alteraciones climáticas, hace necesaria la trasformación del campo mexicano mediante tecnologías modernas y sustentables para impulsar el crecimiento sostenido y acelerado; como resultado de lo anterior, el gobierno federal implementó una política pública sobre agricultura protegida bajo el Programa de Apoyo a la Inversión en Equipamiento e Infraestructura. En este contexto, la presente investigación evalúa el proyecto de inversión para la construcción de un invernadero para la producción de jitomate a través de la teoría de...
Palavras-chave: Proyecto; Agricultura protegida; Inversión; Incertidumbre; Opciones reales; Project; Protected agriculture; Investment; Uncertainty; Real options; Maestría; Economía.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/779

Migración e inversión de remesas en el sector rural del estado de Durango
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Esparza Vela, Mario Edgar.
El presente documento analiza la socioeconomía de la migración rural en el estado de Durango,  enfatizando en los aspectos de recepción y asignación productiva de las remesas. Uno de los  objetivos de la investigación fue conocer las características del migrante y de la unidad de  producción familiar, que permitieran la definición de las variables significativas, sobre las que  puede incidir la política económica para reorientar o fortalecer el uso productivo de las remesas.  Se construyó un índice que muestra el potencial de inversión productiva, según el cual dicho  potencial existe en 13 de los municipios del estado.  La investigación muestra que la población migrante del estado inicia su vida migratoria en una  edad joven (22 años), es principalmente...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Migración; Remesas; Inversión; Durango; Sector Rural; Doctorado; Economía; Migration; Remittances; Investment; Rural Sector.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1493

Construcción de portafolios de portafolios.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Arana Ovalle, Roxana Ivette.
Se propone una estrategia de inversión para el “pequeño inversionista ” en los mercados de valores internacionales con los instrumentos denominados ETF. Se trata de un trabajo empírico que utiliza la Teoría Moderna del Crecimiento de la Economía, la Teoría Moderna de Construcción de Portafolios y la Teoría de distribución de probabilidades. De esta forma conjuga a la economía en su sentido puro, a las finanzas en su desarrollo teórico práctico y a la estadística con sus desarrollos metodológicos, para construir una estrategia que aporta al inversionista suficiente información para realizar inversiones alrededor del mundo, obteniendo atractivos rendimientos y al mismo tiempo minimizando el riesgo. Los resultados de la aplicación de la estrategia, muestran...
Palavras-chave: Inversión; Mercados internacionales; ETF; Crecimiento económico; TMP; Investment; International stock market; Economic growth; MTP; Small investors; Pequeño inversionista; Maestría; Estadística.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/218

Evaluación del nopal verdura como alimento funcional mediante opciones reales
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Valencia Sandoval, Karina.
El nopal (Opuntia spp.) es una especie básica en el consumo de los mexicanos, ya que en torno a este producto giran innumerables actividades económicas del campo y la industria. Además, el nopal puede ser considerado como un alimento funcional, es decir, que mejora la salud de quien lo consume. En el presente trabajo se hizo un estudio comparativo de la ganancia obtenida con un cultivo de nopal sin diferenciar y un cultivo en el que se invierten recursos, con el fin de promocionar sus características funcionales, en el que es posible diferenciar. Se usó una evaluación tradicional, obteniendo el valor actual neto, y una evaluación con opciones reales que, comparado con la evaluación tradicional, contempla la volatilidad en los precios y el cambio de...
Palavras-chave: Opuntia spp.; Evaluación tradicional; Expansión; Inversión; Valor; Traditional assessment; Expansion; Investment; Critical value; Maestría; Economía.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/58

Evaluación del nopal verdura como alimento funcional mediante opciones reales
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Valencia Sandoval, Karina.
El nopal (Opuntia spp.) es una especie básica en el consumo de los mexicanos, ya que en torno a este producto giran innumerables actividades económicas del campo y la industria. Además, el nopal puede ser considerado como un alimento funcional, es decir, que mejora la salud de quien lo consume. En el presente trabajo se hizo un estudio comparativo de la ganancia obtenida con un cultivo de nopal sin diferenciar y un cultivo en el que se invierten recursos, con el fin de promocionar sus características funcionales, en el que es posible diferenciar. Se usó una evaluación tradicional, obteniendo el valor actual neto, y una evaluación con opciones reales que, comparado con la evaluación tradicional, contempla la volatilidad en los precios y el cambio de...
Palavras-chave: Opuntia spp.; Evaluación tradicional; Expansión; Inversión; Valor; Traditional assessment; Expansion; Investment; Critical value; Maestría; Economía.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/58

Framing Sustainability in a Telecoupled World
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Liu, Jianguo; Michigan State University, USA; liuji@msu.edu; Hull, Vanessa; Michigan State University, USA; hullvane@csis.msu.edu; Batistella, Mateus; EMBRAPA Satellite Monitoring, Campinas, SP, Brazil; mb@cnpm.embrapa.br; DeFries, Ruth; Columbia University, USA; rd2402@columbia.edu; Dietz, Thomas; Michigan State University, USA; tdietz@msu.edu; Fu, Feng; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA; fufengenergy@gmail.com; Hertel, Thomas W.; Purdue University, USA; hertel@purdue.edu; Izaurralde, R. Cesar; University of Maryland, USA; cesar.izaurralde@pnnl.gov; Lambin, Eric F.; Stanford University, USA; elambin@stanford.edu; Li, Shuxin; Michigan State University, USA; lishu@msu.edu; McConnell, William J.; Michigan State University, USA; mcconn64@msu.edu; Moran, Emilio F.; Michigan State University, USA; moranef@msu.edu; Naylor, Rosamond; Stanford University, USA; Roz@stanford.edu; Ouyang, Zhiyun; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; zyouyang@rcees.ac.cn; Polenske, Karen R.; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA; krp@mit.edu; Reenberg, Anette; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Ar@geogr.ku.dk; Simmons, Cynthia S.; Michigan State University, USA; simmo108@msu.edu; Verburg, Peter H.; Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam, Netherlands; Peter.Verburg@ivm.vu.nl; Vitousek, Peter M.; Stanford University, USA; vitousek@leland.stanford.edu; Zhang, Fusuo; China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; zhangfs@cau.edu.cn; Zhu, Chunquan; International Union for Conservation of Nature, China; caomu1963@126.com.
Interactions between distant places are increasingly widespread and influential, often leading to unexpected outcomes with profound implications for sustainability. Numerous sustainability studies have been conducted within a particular place with little attention to the impacts of distant interactions on sustainability in multiple places. Although distant forces have been studied, they are usually treated as exogenous variables and feedbacks have rarely been considered. To understand and integrate various distant interactions better, we propose an integrated framework based on telecoupling, an umbrella concept that refers to socioeconomic and environmental interactions over distances. The concept of telecoupling is a logical extension of research on...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Agents; Causes; Coupled human-environment systems; Coupled human and natural systems; Coupled social-ecological systems; Dispersal; Distant interactions; Effects; Feedbacks; Flows; Globalization; Investment; Knowledge transfer; Migration; Socioeconomic and environmental interactions; Species invasion; Sustainability; Technology transfer; Teleconnection; Telecoupling; Trade; Transnational land deals; Water transfer.
Ano: 2013

MULTICRITERIA DECISION AID TO IMPLEMENT AN ON-FARM STORAGE SYSTEM FOR SOYBEANS
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Bocca,Lucas S.; Galves,Maria L.
ABSTRACT: Implementing an on-farm storage system for agricultural products becomes a complex decision problem when considering risks, benefits, uncertainties and alternatives. This study aimed at applying the multicriteria decision aid (MCDA) approach to select the infrastructure to be implemented, taking into account variables and farmer's goals. As a result, we concluded that the adopted approach was useful since it allowed a better understanding of the problem and provided decision-making support.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Grain storage; Investment; Multicriteria decision aid.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162016000601250

Diversificação dos sistemas de produção em unidades familiares com abundância de terra e trabalho no município de Capitão Poço, Pará.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: VILAR, R. R. L.; COSTA, F. de A.
Tipo: Folhetos
Palavras-chave: Sistema de exploração agrícola; Capitão Poço; Pará; Brasil; Investment; Labour; Agricultura Familiar; Investimento; Trabalho; Amazonia; Family farms; Farming systems.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/377930

Dinâmica do investimento em trabalho nas unidades agrícolas familiares com restrição de terra e abundância de trabalho, em Capitão Poço, Pará.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: VILAR, R. R. L.; COSTA, F. de A.
Tipo: Folhetos
Palavras-chave: Capitão Poço; Pará; Brasil; Investment; Production factors; Agricultura Familiar; Economia da Terra; Fator de Produção; Investimento; Trabalho; Amazonia; Family farms; Land economics.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/377921

Retorno dos investimentos da EMBRAPA em pesquisa na área de abrangência do projeto BIRD I.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: CRUZ, E. R. da; AVILA, A. F. D.
Problema na mensuração dos benefícios; Custos e benefícios da pesquisa; Estimativa do retorno dos investimentos.
Tipo: Folhetos
Palavras-chave: BIRD I; Retorno; Investment; Investimento; Pesquisa; Research.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/97713

O investimento como fundamento de maximização da eficiência reprodutiva das unidades familiares com restrição de terra e trabalho, em Capitão Poço, Pará.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: VILAR, R. R. L.; COSTA, F. de A.
Tipo: Folhetos
Palavras-chave: Aspecto economico; Capitão Poço; Pará; Brasil; Investment; Economic situation; Agricultura Familiar; Investimento; Amazonia; Family farms.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/376588

Retornos dos investimentos em pesquisa feitos pela EMBRAPA: a poda do algodoeiro herbaceo no nordeste.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: PIMENTEL, C. R. M.; FREIRE, E. C.; BANDEIRA, C. T.
O algodao na economia do nordeste; Principais problemas da cultura do algodoeiro no nordeste; As pesquisas com algodoeiro desenvolvidas pela EMBRAPA na regiao nordeste; Tecnologia recomendada pela EMBRAPA para a cultura do algodoeiro herbaceo no nordeste.
Tipo: Folhetos
Palavras-chave: Brasil; Nordeste; Cotton annual; Economic; Investment; Algodão Herbáceo; Economia; Gossypium Hirsutum; Poda; Research; Pruning; Technology.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/262468

Cultura de helicônias.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: PAIVA, W. O. de.
Processo produtivo; custos com a implantacao; custos operacionais; rendimento; bibliografia consultada.
Tipo: Folhetos
Palavras-chave: Cultivo; Heliconias; Culture; Production; Post-harvest; Investment; Helicônia; Floricultura; Investimento; Pós-Colheita; Rendimento; Produção; Floriculture; Income.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/421832

The socio-economic impact of investments in research by EMBRAPA: results obtained, profitability and future prospects.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: AVILA, A. F. D.; IRIAS, L. J. M.; PAIVA, R. M.
The socio-economic impacts of EMBRAPA's research; Future prospects for EMBRAPA's research;
Tipo: Folhetos
Palavras-chave: Resultado; EMBRAPA; Investment; Socioeconomic impact; Investimento; Pesquisa; Research.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/99577

La pêche artisanale des années quatre-vingt en France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Catanzano, Joseph; Lantz, Frederic; Vernier, C; Allard, M.o.
The artisanal fisheries industry has experienced a major development over the 80's: technology has improved and ship building costs have increased. The firms' economic behaviour and financial performances have shown that the marginal profitability of capital is lower for large units than for small units, the latter being used by coastal fisheries. Overall, conclusions on the financial situation of the industry must be qualified. Public intervention has materialized through (1) an increasing amount of state aids supporting modernization investment (Brittany being the most supported region), (2) more political and financial involvement of regions as a result of more administrative and decision making responsibilities being devolved to them, (3) the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: SEM; Financement; Investissement; Rentabilité; Coûts; Pêche artisanale; Funding; Investment; Profitability; Costs; Artisanal fisheries.
Ano: 1993
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1993/rapport-4219.pdf

Analyse des resultats et des comportements economiques des entreprises de peche artisanale
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Catanzano, Joseph; Gilly, Bernard; Lantz, Frederic; Durand, M.h.
(Not controled OCR) The economic results of artisanal fishing enterprises are investigated through a sample of 300 to 700 artisanal vessels for which account books are available from 1983 to 1986. The use of economic (such as added value) and financial ratios (solvency and financial autonomy) leads to the identification of four groups of firms. A rough classification has been identified from gears used and areas. Over the period, financial rentability and autonomy show obvious damaging that underlines the relevance of a (current) analysis on the impact of public subsidies on the enterprises behaviour.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Indebtness; Investment; Rentability; Artisanal fisheries; SEM; Endettement; Investissement; Rentabilité; Pêche artisanale.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/rapport-2424.pdf

Analyse des comportements financiers des entreprises et essais de typologie dans le secteur des peches artisanales
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Foucault, François; Gerinette, Valérie; Lemaire, Catherine.
(Not controled OCR) The economic results of artisanal fishing enterprises are investigated through a sample of 300 to 700 artisanal vessels for which account books. The use of economic (such as added value) and financial ratios (solvency and financial autonomy) leads to identification of four groups of firms. Over the period, financial rentability and autonomy show obvious damaging that underlines the relance of a (current) analysis on the impact of public subsidies on the enterprises behaviour.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Indebtness; Investment; Return; Small scale fisheries; SEM; Endettement; Investissement; Rentabilité; Pêche artisanale.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/rapport-2432.pdf

Elements sur les investissements et les couts de production de la petite peche non chalutiere bigoudene
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Girard, Sophie.
A classification of non trawling small fishing boats of the Guilvinec port synthesizes a first desc ription study. The characteristics used for this typology are the number of labour and the fishing gear. The analysis of the income and the investment allows for an estimate of the differences in productivity and in capital intensity among the small-scale fisheries. Then, the analysis of a survey on the production costs deals mainly with the remuneration of labour in the artisanal fisheries.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Typology; Labour; Costs of production; Investment; Guilvinec; Small scale fishery; SEM; Typologie; Travail; Coûts de production; Investissements; Pêche côtière Bretagne.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/rapport-2480.pdf

The use of crop combinations in reducing
Provedor de dados: 30
Autores: K.G.K.
Palavras-chave: Soil degradation; Runoff; Watersheds; Land resources; Crops; Soil management; Investment; Precipitation; Solutions; Resources.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/3156

Summary proceedings of the ICRISAT/NARS workshop on methods and joint impact targets in Western and Central Africa
Provedor de dados: 30
Autores: J.
Palavras-chave: Pigeonpeas; Millets; Protocols; Sorghum; Nutrient management; Cowpeas; Policies; Seed production; Investment; Technology.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/4188

THE ECONOMICS OF TRACTORS IN SOUTH ASIA
Provedor de dados: 30
Autores: Binswanger, H.P.
Palavras-chave: Economics; Manpower; Threshers; Cropping patterns; Taxes; Investment; Reclamation; Field preparation; Statistics; Yields.
Ano: 1978
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/3924

Methods for assessing the impacts of natural resource management research
Provedor de dados: 30
Autores: B.
Palavras-chave: Watersheds; Soil degradation; Watershed management; Assets; Policies; Land resources; Water quality; Economics; Water harvesting; Investment.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/4231

Investments in Biodiversity Prospecting and Incentives for Conservation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.; Simpson,   R. David.
There is considerable interest in biodiversity prospecting (the search for valuable new products from natural sources) as a conservation strategy. In an earlier paper, we have argued that the value of the marginal species (and, by extension, the incentives for the conservation of the habitat on which it is found) is small. In this paper, we show that investments in biodiversity prospecting are unlikely to increase incentives for conservation by much. If the value of the marginal species were appreciable, researchers ought already to have made investments to exploit it. If it is not, it is doubtful that additional investments will generate any substantial increase. It is important to be clear about our findings: we are not saying that none of the myriad...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Biodiversity prospecting; Investment; Conservation policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; O13; Q29.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10821

Effects of a EU Investment Subsidization Scheme on the Hungarian Agri-Food Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karpati,   Laszlo; Csapo,   Zsolt; Kozar,   Laszlo.
The change of the political Hungarian regime in 1990 affected deeply the economy of the country. This change made effects in each national branch, thus in the agriculture, as well. A lot of new companies dealing with agricultural production and trading has also been established in these years. Since the early '90s a lot of EU support programmes were available targeting these enterprises and providing them to strengthen their competitiveness. One of these programmes was the PHARE IPP Project for the subsidisation of the agricultural investments (between 1996-1998). The University of Debrecen was involved in the implementation, monitoring and assessment process of this project. Based on the results and suggestions of the university, new supporting elements...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: EU subsidisation; Agriculture; Investment; Effectiveness; Hungary; Food sector; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24804

Investment in irrigation technology: an application of real options analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McClintock,   Anthea.
Investment in irrigation infrastructure and technologies, particularly those that reduce on-farm water use have become a major focus of government programs both at a State and Commonwealth level. Particular attention has been given to increasing the uptake of water “saving” technologies among irrigators. The design of programs capable of achieving government objectives at least cost requires an understanding of farm level investment decisions. In this context, the influence of uncertainty on decisions to invest in irrigation technology and infrastructure is examined. The potential for uncertainty to influence investment decisions via strategies to manage risk is demonstrated using the method of real options valuation. The approach is applied to case...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Investment; Irrigation technology; Real options; Uncertainty; Subsidy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47934

Option Value, Policy Uncertainty, and the Foreign Direct Investment Decision
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Yu-Fu; Funke,   Michael.
In this paper we analyse the impact of policy uncertainty on foreign direct investment strategies. The paper follows the real options approach, which allows to investigate the value to a firm of waiting to invest and/or disinvest, when payoffs are stochastic due to political uncertainty and investments are partially reversible. Across the board we find that political uncertainty can be very detrimental to FDI decisions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Real options; Investment; Foreign Direct Investment; Political Uncertainty; International Relations/Trade; D81; D92; E22; F21.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26373

Facing decoupling: use of payments and investment reaction to decoupling in the EU
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Viaggi,   Davide; Raggi,   Meri; Gomez y Paloma,   Sergio.
The main objective of this paper is to evaluate ex-post the effects of the 2003 reform, in particular decoupling, of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in the European Union (EU), with a specific focus on farm investment behaviour. In the past years a number of studies have addressed the issue of the impact of EU policy reforms. However, long-term effects of policy changes and related impacts on structural and investment behaviour received relatively little attention. This study is based on a survey of farm households in a number of EU Member States. In the majority of cases, farmers stated they were indifferent to decoupling. Where any change occurred, the impact of decoupling was highly differentiated. Numerous reactions are better explained by various...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Decoupling; Empirical survey; Investment; CAP reform; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51724

Ownership Risk, Investment, and the Use of Natural Resources
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bohn,   Henning; Deacon,   Robert T.
The effect of insecure ownership on ordinary investment and on the exploitation of natural resources is examined. Insecure ownership is characterized as a positive probability that a typical asset or its future return will be confiscated. For empirical analysis, the probability of confiscation is modeled as a function of observable political attributes of countries, principally the type of government regime in power (democratic versus nondemocratic) and the prevalence of political violence or instability. A general index of ownership security is estimated from the political determinants of economy wide investment rates, and then introduced into models of petroleum and forest use. Ownership risk is found to have a significant, and quantitatively important...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ownership security; Investment; Resource conservation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q32; Q23; O00.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10710

Identifying agricultural research and development investment opportunities in sub-Saharan Africa: A global, economy-wide analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ehui,   Simeon K.; Tsigas,   Marinos E.
Poverty is higher in most African countries than elsewhere in the developing world, and highest in the rural areas. Accelerating growth in agriculture will therefore be critical to sustain growth and reduce poverty, but policy makers are unsure which sub-sector will yield the highest return for a given budget. This paper uses an applied general equilibrium model to simulate productivity gains in sub-Saharan agriculture subject to trade-offs between gains in crops and gains in livestock. The simulated results suggest three conclusions. First, most sub-Saharan economies gain more from research and development (R&amp;D) investment in crops than in livestock, though the SACU (South African Customs Union) economies and Madagascar benefit from sharing it between...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Livestock research; Development; Investment; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57018

DETERMINANTS OF INVESTMENT FLOWS IN U.S. MANUFACTURING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brown,   Jason P.; Florax,   Raymond J.G.M.; McNamara,   Kevin T.
The purpose of the paper is to test the long-run steady state of growth factors hypothesized to influence U.S. manufacturing investment flows. These factors include agglomeration, market structure, labor, infrastructure, and fiscal policy. Spatial cross-regressive and spatial Durbin models are used to measure the spatial interaction of investment flows. Spatial spillovers are found to be of a competitive nature at the state level, implying that a factor which attracts more investment to a particular state is associated with lower investments in neighboring states. Investment flows to states with higher market demand, more productive labor, and more localized agglomeration of manufacturing activity.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Manufacturing; Investment; Spatial Durbin model; Community/Rural/Urban Development; L60; R11; R30.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54835

Capital Structure and Regulation: Does Ownership Matter?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bortolotti,   Bernardo; Cambini,   Carlo; Rondi,   Laura; Spiegel,   Yossi.
We construct a comprehensive panel data of 96 publicly traded European utilities over the period 1994-2005 in order to study the relationship between the capital structure of regulated firms, regulated prices, and investments, and examine if and how this interaction is affected by ownership structure. We show that firms in our sample increase their leverage after becoming regulated by an independent regulatory agency, but only if they are privately controlled. Moreover, we find that the leverage of these firms has a positive and significant effect on regulated prices, but not vice versa, and it also has a positive and significant effect on their investment levels. Our results are consistent with the theory that privately-controlled firms use leverage...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Regulated utilities; Regulatory agencies; Capital structure; Leverage; Investment; Private and state ownership; Public Economics; L51; G31; G32; L33.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7449

Financial Risks, Bankruptcy Probabilities, and the Investment Behaviour of Enterprises
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kirchesch,   Kai.
The link between investment and finance usually enters the empirical literature in the form of financial constraints which are defined as the wedge between the costs of internal and external finance or as the risk of being rationed on the credit market. In this context, the sensitivity of investment with respect to single internal or external finance indicators is assumed to be appropriate to proxy for these constraints. However, enterprises that rely on external funds do not only face this external finance premium and potential borrowing limits, but also the risk of not being able to meet their repayment obligations and thus the risk of bankruptcy. If the risk of bankruptcy enters the profit maximization of the firm, the resulting empirical investment...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Investment; Bankruptcy; Financial Constaints; GMM; Financial Economics; E22; D92; G33; C23.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26185

Minimizing the negative environmental and health impacts of agricultural water resources development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McCartney,   Matthew P.; Boelee,   Eline; Cofie,   Olufunke O.; Mutero,   Clifford M.
This paper provides a synopsis of environmental and health impacts arising from agricultural water development in sub-Saharan Africa and recommends ways to increase the sustainability of investments in irrigation by giving greater prominence to health and environmental concerns. In many places in the region, irrigation is a key means of enhancing agricultural productivity that can reduce poverty and improve livelihoods. However, failure to adequately foresee, plan and manage the negative environmental and health impacts arising from irrigation undermines the sustainability of many schemes and can worsen poverty. To improve sustainability, environmental and health issues must be at the core of future irrigation development with much greater emphasis on the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water resources development; Irrigation management; Investment; Environmental effects; Public health; Risk management; Environmental Economics and Policy; Health Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91873

BENEFICIAMENTO DE SEMENTES DE SOJA NO MATO GROSSO: UM ESTUDO DE VIABILIDADE FINANCEIRA E DE RISCOS ASSOCIADOS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lazzarotto,   Joelsio Jose; Reis,   Bricio dos Santos.
A utilização de sementes de alta qualidade é fundamental para que os sistemas de produção de soja apresentem adequados resultados técnicos e econômicos. No entanto, para que esses insumos sejam ofertados com alta qualidade, em geral, são necessários expressivos investimentos. Assim, buscou-se verificar se a implantação de uma unidade de beneficiamento de sementes (UBS) de soja no Estado do Mato Grosso constitui, no longo prazo, alternativa financeiramente viável. Para tanto, com base em um horizonte de planejamento de 10 anos de operação da UBS, com capacidade instalada anual de 500 mil sacas de sementes, foram elaborados os fluxos de caixa e calculados alguns indicadores financeiros (sob condições determinísticas e de riscos), como o valor presente...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Avaliação de projetos; Investimento; Probabilidades; Risco; Project evaluation; Investment; Probabilities; Risk; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103147

Taxes Versus Quantities for a Stock Pollutant with Endogenous Abatement Costs and Asymmetric Information
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karp,   Larry S.; Zhang,   Jiangfeng.
Non-strategic firms with rational expectations make investment and emissions decisions. The investment rule depends on firms’ beliefs about future emissions policies. We compare emissions taxes and quotas when the (strategic) regulator and (nonstrategic) firms have asymmetric information about abatement costs, and all agents use Markov Perfect decision rules. Emissions taxes create a secondary distortion at the investment stage, unless a particular condition holds; emissions quotas do not create a secondary distortion. We solve a linear-quadratic model calibrated to represent the problem of controlling greenhouse gasses. The endogeneity of abatement capital favors taxes, and it increases abatement.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Pollution control; Investment; Asymmetric information; Rational expectations; Choice of instruments; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C61; D8; H21; Q28.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42877

Farmer investment into biosecurity on broiler and layer farms in Bali
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ambarawati,   I Gusti Agung Ayu; Prasetyo,   Bugie Kurnianto; Patrick,   Ian.
This paper measures the cost of implementing biosecurity on broiler and layer farms in Bali. Farmer investment in biosecurity is analysed to determine if there is any difference in the implementation of biosecurity between broiler and layer farms. Data is taken from a survey of 60 layer and 60 broiler smallholder farmers in Bali in 2009. While secure boundary fencing and farm gate locks are more common on layer farms, broiler producers are more likely to have a footbaths at the shed door. In this analysis, biosecurity investments include the quality of fencing and gates, presence of locks on gates, management changes required to minimise staff and visitor movement onto and in the farm, costs of minimising vehicle entry, use of vaccination and disinfectant,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biosecurity; Poultry; Investment; Bali; Farm Management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100530

Machinery Investment in Illinois: A Study Examining Existing Investment Motivations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Micheels,   Eric T.; Katchova,   Ani L.; Barry,   Peter J.
In this study, we attempt to prove some previously held ideas of machinery investment decisions using farm level data from Illinois.  Investment decisions are analyzed taking into consideration past investment decisions in the county and on the individual farm.  The results show there is a correlation between county level purchases and individual farm purchases and investment levels decrease the following year after an initial investment.  These results display how non-traditional drivers for investment also play an important role in the investment decision.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Machinery; Investment; Keeping up with the Jones'; Treadmill theory; Farm Management.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20374

Optimal Timing of Farmland Investment - An Experimental Study on Farmers' Decision Behavior -
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maart,   Syster Christin; Musshoff,   Oliver.
Replaced with revised version of paper 5/26/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Experimental Economics; Investment; Real Options; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; C91; D81; D92.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103693

ALBERTA’S EXPORT EXPERIENCE UNDER FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS: 1988 - 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mirus,   Rolf; Tanerguclu,   Hande.
The international involvement of Alberta-based businesses covers trade in goods, trade in services, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), both inward and outward. Increasingly FDI is linked to trade in goods and services. Indeed, the export of services like consulting or construction engineering tends to involve the setting up of supporting facilities abroad (outward FDI), and exports of goods frequently necessitate the provision of maintenance services in their wake, either across the border or through an office abroad. Data on outward FDI by Alberta-based firms are not available, nor are data on exports of services by province of origin. Therefore an analysis of what has been happening to Alberta’s international commercial relations is of necessity...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Alberta; NAFTA; FTA; Free trade agreement; Free trade; Imports; Exports; Mexico; United States; Israel; Chile; Costa Rica; Energy sector; FDI; Investment; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60431

Investing In African Agriculture to Halve Poverty By 2015
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Johnson,   Michael; Saurkar,   Anuja; Makombe,   Tsitsi.
This paper proposes a simple methodology to estimate the agricultural spending that will be required to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of halving poverty by 2015 (MDG1) in 30 sub-Saharan African countries. This method uses growth-poverty and growth-expenditure elasticities to estimate the financial resources required to meet the MDG1, considering both the direct and indirect impacts of agricultural spending on poverty reduction. The paper attempts to address a key knowledge gap by improving estimation of MDG costs at both the regional and country levels.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Millennium Development Goals; Investment; Sub-Saharan Africa; Agriculture; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42807

Access to Credit, Factor Allocation and Farm Productivity: Evidence From the CEE Transition Economies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ciaian,   Pavel; Falkowski,   Jan; Kancs,   d'Artis.
This paper analyses how farm access to credit affects farm input allocation and farm efficiency in the CEE countries. Drawing on a unique farm level panel data with 37,409 observations and employing a matching estimator we are able to control for the key source of endogeneity – unoberserved heterogeneity. We find that farms are credit constrained both in the short-run as well as in the long-run, but that credit constraint is asymmetric between inputs. Our estimates suggest that farm access to credit increases TFP up to 1.9% per 1000 EUR of additional credit. The use of variable inputs and capital investment increases up to 2.3% and 29%, respectively, per 1000 EUR of additional credit. Due to credit-financed investment in labour-saving farm equipment,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Access to credit; Investment; Factor allocation; Productivity; Transition countries; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Q12; P14.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61347

Public Goods, Hysteresis, and Underinvestment in Food Safety
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Nganje,   William E.; Acharya,   Ram N.
Despite the economic damage inflicted by a foodborne disease outbreak, firms at all points in the supply chain appear to be reluctant to invest in the necessary food safety technologies and practices. We argue that these investments are subject to both hysteretic and public good effects, and construct a theoretical model of food safety investment, calibrated to describe the 2006 E. coli outbreak in California spinach. Both effects are found to induce delays in food safety investments, but the public good effect dominates. We suggest a number of policy options that improve incentives to contribute to the public good.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Hysteresis; Investment; Public goods; Real options; Simulation; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57627

Intersectoral management of river basins; Proceedings of an International Workshop on "Integrated Water Management in Water-Stressed River Basins in Developing Countries: Strategies for Poverty Alleviation and Agricultural Growth," Loskop Dam, South Africa, 16-21 October 2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water management; River basins; Watercourses; Poverty; Agricultural development; Developing countries; Water policy; Water use efficiency; Political aspects; Water allocation; User charges; Privatization; Water users' associations; Water scarcity; Investment; Financing; Institutional constraints; Water law; Gender; Social aspects; Conflict; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118386

FREE TRADE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH RESOURCES OF IRAN AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koshteh,   M.H. Karim; Karbasi,   Ali Reza.
Free trading is considered as index of global economy and factor economic growth in many countries.  In this study along with recognition of growth resources, those factors such as surplus value, Labour, capital, energy, government planning and expenditure which playing the main role in economic growth has been identified and analyzed.  Also, international trade index impact along with other effective factors on surplus value are considered and estimated.  The results show that Labour and energy are the most effective inputs on surplus value respectively.  Then supposing that the sector experienced a productive agronomic year and supporting that Iran country was committed to a free trading framework, the relationships between various related variables were...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Free trading; Agriculture; Investment; Labour; Energy.; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25927

Investment of Slovenian farms in the transition context
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bojnec,   Stefan; Latruffe,   Laure.
This paper investigates the investment decisions of Slovenian farms during the transition and adjustment period to European Union (EU) membership and in particular whether these decisions were constrained by financing availability. Results from a standard and an augmented accelerator models indicate that farms’ investment decisions was based on market opportunities during the period 1994-2003, but that the decisions were constrained by financing availability.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farms; Investment; Accelerator model; Financial constraint; Slovenia.; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7827

“Bright spots” in Uzbekistan, reversing land and water degradation while improving livelihoods: Key developments and sustaining ingredients for transition economies of the former Soviet Union
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Noble,   Andrew D.; Ul Hassan,   Mehmood; Kazbekov,   Jusipbek.
Following the dissolution of the former Soviet Union and the collapse of existing trade arrangements, the newly independent states of Central Asia were left with the task of developing their own independent market economies. The region has undergone tremendous economic and social changes including significant agricultural reform mainly targeted at privatizing large collective farms that were established during the Soviet era. These reforms include the establishment of smaller private and cooperative farms in order to improve the efficiency and equity of existing production systems. Within Uzbekistan, this move to privatize farms has, in the majority of cases, led to declining productivity and net incomes. However, there have been instances where privatized...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigated farming; Water quality; Drainage; Soil fertility; Crop yield; Investment; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Financial Economics; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44541

How Costly are (Agricultural) Investments during Economic Transition? A Critical Literature Appraisal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zinych,   Nataliya; Odening,   Martin.
Investment theory
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Investment; Transition; Credit constraints; Soft budget constraints; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; O16; Q14; P23.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50319

IMPACTS OF FINANCIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THE BOOM-BUST CYCLE ON THE FARM INVENTORY-CASH FLOW RELATIONSHIP
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bierlen,   Ralph W.; Ahrendsen,   Bruce L.; Dixon,   Bruce L.
The sensitivity of farm inventory investment to movements in cash flow is tested.  Inventories should be sensitive to shifts in cash flow because inventory investment is readily reversible and inventories are a significant portion of assets.  Investment models estimated with Kansas farm panel data indicate that: (a) farms absorb internal finance shocks by adjusting inventories, (b) the inventory investment of livestock and high-debt farms are more sensitive to movements in cash flow than crop and low-debt farms, and (c) inventory investment is more sensitive to cash flow during the 1981-86 bust and the 1987-92 recovery than during the 1975-80 boom.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cash flow; Credit constraints; Farm cycles; Farm inventories; Investment; Investment models; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15560

Financial constraints in economic transition: Empirical evidence from Ukrainian large farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zinych,   Nataliya; Odening,   Martin; Huettel,   Silke.
This paper addresses the question of financial constraints in Ukrainian agriculture in transition. The main objective is to reveal the evidence of the both phenomena, soft budget constraints and credit rationing, investigating investment behaviour of large farms in Ukraine. Our empirical analysis is based on unbalanced panel data containing 529 agricultural enterprises from three Ukrainian regions between 2001 and 2005. Estimates of the Euler investment equation for several sub-samples reveal a dissimilar level of financial constraints. We confirm the presence of the soft financial environment (soft budget constraints) for the Ukrainian large farms being in an unconstrained financial regime. The farms belong to this regime if they receive credits after...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Transition agriculture; Investment; Soft budget constraints; Credit rationing; Ukraine; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7834

The trend and financing of investment at the macro level in Uganda: The implications for sustainable growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Investment; Capital flows; Trade finance; EPRC; Agribusiness; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93815

Short and Long Run Determinants of Private Investment in Argentina
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Acosta,   Pablo; Loza,   Andres.
This study provides an empirical analysis of the macroeconomic factors that can potentially affect investment decisions in Argentina in a short, medium and long run perspective. Both the theory and the empirical literature are reviewed in order to identify a private investment function for the last three decades (1970-2000). The results suggest that investment decisions seem to be determined, in the short run, by shocks in returns (exchange rate, trade liberalization) and in aggregate demand. Besides, there is evidence of a “crowding-out” effect of public investment. In the long run, the capital accumulation path seems to be closely dependent on both well-developed financial and credit markets and on perspectives of fiscal sustainability.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Investment; Macroeconomic instability; Crowding-out; Argentina; E22; H54; O16; O23.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37161

Adjustment is Much Slower than You Think
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caballero,   Ricardo J.; Engel,   Eduardo M.R.A.
In most instances, the dynamic response of monetary and other policies to shocks is infrequent and lumpy. The same holds for the microeconomic response of some of the most important economic variables, such as investment, labor demand, and prices. We show that the standard practice of estimating the speed of adjustment of such variables with partial-adjustment ARMA procedures substantially overestimates this speed. For example, for the target federal funds rate, we find that the actual response to shocks is less than half as fast as the estimated response. For investment, labor demand and prices, the speed of adjustment inferred from aggregates of a small number of agents is likely to be close to instantaneous. While aggregating across microeconomic units...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Speed of adjustment; Discrete adjustment; Lumpy adjustment; Aggregation; Calvo model; ARMA process; Partial adjustment; Expected response time; Monetary policy; Investment; Labor demand; Sticky prices; Idiosyncratic shocks; Impulse response function; Wold representation; Time-to-build; Financial Economics; C22; C43; D2; E2; E5.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28419

Modelling Corruption in a Cobb-Douglas Production Function Framework
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Farida,   Moe; Ahmadi-Esfahani,   Fredoun Z.
In this paper, we extend the Solow growth model to include corruption as a determinant of the multifactor productivity using a Cobb-Douglas production function framework. In addition to the classical components of any growth model (output, labor, capital), we incorporate corruption as a determinant of government expenditure, investment and foreign aid. It is proposed that output and growth are influenced by the level of corruption. This model is to be tested empirically to trace the corruptive behaviour in Lebanon based on the available time series data.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Economic growth; Investment; Government expenditure; Foreign aid; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10400

Effects on Investment of the 2003 CAP Reform: A Household Production Model for Dutch Dairy Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peerlings,   Jack H.M.
This paper develops a non-separable household production model capable of analysing the effects of the 2003 CAP reform, and especially EU farm payments, on individual Dutch dairy farms. Model results show that the 2003 CAP reform farm payments do not fully compensate the income loss caused by the milk price decrease. This implies that savings, and therefore, investment decreases. Investment shifts away from on-farm investment to off-farm investment. On-farm investment in milk quotas falls compared to investment in capital and land because the shadow price of milk quotas decreases relatively to the shadow prices of land and capital.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Direct income payments; Investment; Household production model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24649

Managing Dairy Heifer Growth Investment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wolf,   Christopher A.; Hadrich,   Joleen C.; Vandehaar,   M.J.
Accelerated prepubertal growth rates can lower heifer raising costs but may put heifers at risk for impaired mammary development and have been found to be detrimental decreased to milk production in the first lactation. The tradeoff between heifer raising costs and milk production loss is examined in a capital budgeting model. Monthly annuity net present value of a heifer investment through the first lactation is assessed for heifers calving at 20, 22, 24, 26 and 28 months of age. A 24 mo AFC base case strategy with 9009.5 kg subsequent first lactation milk yields $7.34 in returns per month. Accelerated growth resulted in higher returns ($12.77/mo for 20 mo AFC; $9.86/mo for 22 mo AFC) when milk production is not affected as total raising costs decline...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Heifer growth; Economics; Investment; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7429

Small dams and social capital in Yemen: How assistance strategies affect local investment and institutions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vermillion,   Douglas Lynn; Al-Shaybani,   Said.
This report examines the development of eight small dam projects in the mountainous province of Al-Mahweet in north-central Yemen. The report also investigates how external assistance affects incentives for local people to invest in dam development and water delivery systems and also to create rules, property rights and institutional arrangements to manage the dam and water.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Dams; Investment; Development aid; Irrigated farming; Villages; Water delivery; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44555

Aprecíziós gazdálkodás beruházásainak megtérülése
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smuk,   Norbert; Milics,   Gabor; Salamon,   Lajos; Nemenyi,   Miklos.
A vizsgálatokból megállapítható, hogy a precíziós gazdálkodás bevezetésére irányuló beruházások megtérülése és az üzemi méretek között szoros az összefüggés. A feltételezett öt- és hatéves megtérülés mellett a hozam- vagy az elvárt kamatszint-változást a nagyobb területű üzemek képesek ellensúlyozni.    --Return on investment in projects for implementing precision farming is closely related to farm size. In the event of the envisaged repayment over five or six years, farms with a larger area can balance changes in yield or interest rate.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Precíziós gazdálkodás; Beruházás; Megtérülés; Üzemi méret; Precision farming; Investment; Return on investment; Farm size; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92483

Die Berücksichtigung von Unsicherheit und Flexibilität in der Investitionsplanung – dargestellt am Beispiel einer Vertragsinvestition für Roggen
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Musshoff,   Oliver; Hirschauer,   Norbert.
Investment decisions are, as a rule, characterized by uncertainty, irreversibility and flexibility. Simple net present value calculations will not account for these features. In many situations even flexible investment planning with decision trees, which represents the most advanced method of traditional investment appraisal, does not have the capacity to solve practical decision problems adequately. One handicap is a realistic and manageable representation of stochastic variables. It has long been known that stochastic simulation procedures offer a nearly unlimited capacity to represent distributions and stochastic processes. However, a standard simulation will not allow for the consideration of flexibility. The problem is that with a simple forward...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Investment; Uncertainty; Flexibility; Stochastic simulation; Dynamic programming; Sales contracts with fixed prices; Farm Management; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97437

A whole-farm investment analysis of some precision agriculture technologies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Knight,   Brad; Malcolm,   Bill.
This study used information about a farm in the Victorian Mallee during the period 1998 – 2005 to analyse the profitability of investing in Precision Agriculture and Site-Specific Crop Management technology and farming systems. Two equipment guidance systems were evaluated. Both guidance systems earned more than 8 percent real return p.a. on the extra capital invested. A Real-Time Kinetic (RTK) guidance system with a precision of 2 cm and a capital cost of $50,000 was less profitable than a Sub-Metre guidance system with 20 cm accuracy and costing $20,000. Producers investing in RTK guidance technology would be well-paid to also adopt supporting management practices that enhance crop gross margins or provide other benefits. The capital cost of GPS...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Precision Agriculture; GPS technology; Investment; Farm Management.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121470

2nd Forum on Irrigation and water for sustainable development: 15 –16 December, 2008 Ghion Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Awulachew,   Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa,   Teklu; Balcha,   Yodit.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainable development; Irrigation management; Irrigation water; Irrigated farming; Irrigation systems; Supplemental irrigation; Land management; Land use; Investment; Case studies; Government policy; Rural poverty; Groundwater; Small scale systems; Socioeconomic development; Economic aspects; Economic growth; Income; Water management; Water resources development; Water harvesting; Water supply; Public policy; Agricultural production; Developing countries; Public-private cooperation; History; Case studies; River basins; Crop production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118411

Uncertain Land Availability and Perceived Biases in Investment Decisions: The Case of Dutch Dairy Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Feinerman,   Eli; Peerlings,   Jack H.M.
Uncertainty about the possibility of acquiring land can be rather large in the EU for sectors like dairy farming. Farm-level investment decisions are commonly made ex-ante when the farmer is not certain about the possibility of purchasing land. This possibility is realized only in a future period. In this paper, we have developed and applied a simple two-period model in which a profit-maximizing farmer, facing uncertainty about the possibility of acquiring land, had to choose the optimal mix of capital (buildings) investment and land endowment. We have shown that commonly "observed" biases towards non-optimal investment decisions are not necessarily justified. Rather, these perceived biases may be the result of evaluating investment decisions without...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Investment; Land; Uncertainty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24949

Intensifying agricultural sustainability: An analysis of impacts and drivers in the development of ‘bright spots’
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Noble,   Andrew D.; Bossio,   Deborah A.; Penning de Vries,   Frits W.T.; Pretty,   Jules N.; Thiyagarajan,   T.M.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Farming systems; Sustainable agriculture; Productivity; Investment; Thailand; Palestine; Latin America; Africa; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91818

The Structure and Economic Impact of R&amp;D Organisation in New Zealand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   Robin.
R&amp;D spending in New Zealand is a mixture of private and public investment undertaken to improve productive activity and efficiency. Investment is split fairly equally between private business, government organisations and the universities. It is a long term investment with some uncertainty about outcomes being achieved. It is predominantly a public good investment as most government organisations and universities are providers of R&amp;D but not users of it and hence there is a discontinuity in the connection between investment and results. Furthurmore, the supply of R&amp;D has properties of a free good which lead to users looking for new applications on a wider and wider front (spillovers). For these reasons R&amp;D is generally regarded as a `good...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Investment; R&amp;D Expenditure; Social Benefits; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98521

When to Get In and Out of Dairy Farming: A Real Option Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tauer,   Loren W.
The Dixit entry/exit real option model was applied to the entry/exit decisions of New York dairy farmers. For the cost structure of a 500-cow farm, the entry milk price is $17.52 per hundredweight (cwt) and the exit milk price is $10.84. For the 50-cow farm cost structure, the entry price is higher at $23.71 per cwt, and the exit price is also higher at $13.48. If infinite numbers of representative farms enter and exit at these prices, the price of milk should range between $13.48 and $17.52 per cwt.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Dairy farming; Entry-exit; Investment; Real options; Farm Management.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10219

Inheritance Law and Investment in Family Firms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Panunzi,   Fausto; Ellul,   Andrew; Pagano,   Marco.
Entrepreneurs may be constrained by the law to bequeath a minimal stake to non-controlling heirs. The size of this stake can reduce investment in family firms, by reducing the future income they can pledge to external financiers. Using a purpose-built indicator of the permissiveness of inheritance law and data for 10,245 firms from 32 countries over the 1990-2006 interval, we find that stricter inheritance law is associated with lower investment in family firms, while it leaves investment unaffected in non-family firms. Moreover, as predicted by the model, inheritance law affects investment only in family firms that experience a succession.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Succession; Family Firms; Inheritance Law; Growth; Investment; Financial Economics; G32.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50330

Dynamics of income, wealth and capital in Norwegian farm household accounts: A state-space model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoveid,   Oyvind; Raknerud,   A.
Feedbacks between on-farm and off-farm activities are analyzed with a state-space model over a panel of farm household accounts. We discover significant positive effects of farm capital both on farm income and on wage labor income. The latter effect is interpreted as wage labor partly paying the debt incurred by investments in farm capital. Significant positive effects on farm capital from wealth - indicating credit rationing or an immediate willingness to pay for farm investments - are also discovered. The wealth effect on farm income is also significantly positive. By and large - at least for the household for which the results are estimated, and for the model applied - Fishers separation theorem is rejected.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm households; Finance; Investment; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44461

THE IMPACT OF MANURE PRODUCTION RIGHTS ON CAPITAL INVESTMENT IN THE DUTCH PIG SECTOR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gardebroek,   Cornelis.
In this paper the effect of manure production rights on investment decisions of Dutch pig farmers is examined. A dynamic optimization model of investment that explicitly takes zero investments into account is augmented by a  constraint on production arising from the introduction of manure production rights. In the theoretical model it is shown that such a constraint has a reducing effect on investment. The presence of this constraint is tested for  using GMM structural break tests. The results provide evidence for the hypothesis that manure production rights have reduced investments through its effect on production.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Investment; Manure production rights; Euler equation; GMM; Structural break testing; Panel data; Pig farms; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20490

INVESTIGATING THE "COMPLEMENTARITY HYPOTHESIS" IN GREEK AGRICULTURE: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Katrakilidis,   Constantinos P.; Tabakis,   Nikolaos M.
This study investigates determinants of private capital formation in Greek agriculture and tests the "complementarity" against the "crowding out" hypothesis using multivariate cointegration techniques and ECVAR modeling in conjunction with variance decomposition and impulse response analysis.  The results provide evidence of a significant positive causal effect of government spending on private capital formation, thus supporting the "complementarity" hypothesis for Greek agriculture.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Cointegration; Complementarity hypothesis; Greece; Innovation accounting; Investment; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15292

AGRICULTURAL POLICY UNCERTAINTY AND ANTICIPATORY FIRM LEVEL ADJUSTMENTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lagerkvist,   Carl Johan.
This paper investigates, through a dynamic stochastic adjustment model the extent to which an active agricultural policy can be the source of volatility in agricultural investment. It is shown that noise in formulation of agricultural policy has adverse effects even in cases where earlier results would take that investment is increased.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Uncertainty; Agricultural Policy; Investment; Agricultural and Food Policy; Financial Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; D8; E2; H20; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21734

Irrigation investment trends in Sri Lanka: new construction and beyond
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aluwihare,   Parakrama B.; Kikuchi,   Masao.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Investment; Water management; Rehabilitation; Rice; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113725

MODELLING THE EFFECT OF EU POLICY REFORMS ON FARM INVESTMENT BEHAVIOUR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gallerani,   Vittorio; Gomez y Paloma,   Sergio; Raggi,   Meri; Viaggi,   Davide.
The objective of this paper is to analyse farm strategies and investment behaviour in a sample of selected Italian farm-households facing different scenarios, with a particular focus on the effects of the 2003 CAP reform. Models were built for individual households using multi-criteria dynamic programming, including investment choice. A total of 24 farms were selected for modelling, all located in Emilia Romagna (Italy). The simulations show a strong effect of both policy and markets scenarios on household investment, though the latter seems more relevant than the former. However, decoupling itself shows minor effects in the majority of cases. The models offer useful insights about the mechanisms of adaptation and their implications for the effects of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: CAP reform; Decoupling; Investment; Multicriteria; Dynamic; Models; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6444

Investment planning under uncertainty and flexibility: the case of a purchasable sales contract
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Musshoff,   Oliver; Hirschauer,   Norbert.
Investment decisions are not only characterised by irreversibility and uncertainty but also by flexibility with regard to the timing of the investment. This paper describes how stochastic simulation can be successfully integrated into a backward recursive programming approach in the context of flexible investment planning. We apply this hybrid approach to a marketing question from primary production which can be viewed as an investment problem: should grain farmers purchase sales contracts which guarantee fixed product prices over the next 10 years? The model results support the conclusion from dynamic investment theory that it is essential to take simultaneously account of uncertainty and flexibility.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Dynamic programming; Flexibility; Investment; Sales contract; Stochastic simulation; Uncertainty; Agricultural Finance; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117741

A bortermelés struktúrájának változásai
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brazsil,   David.
A szőlő-bor vertikum termelési oldalán jelentős koncentrációs folyamatok kez¬dődtek. A koncentráció egyik motorja a befektetők, akik az 1980-as évektől jelentek meg nagy számban az ágazatban. Stratégiájukat alapvetően az alapanyaghoz való hozzáférés, a terjeszkedési lehetőség, a márkaépítés és a disztribúciós csatornákhoz való hozzáférés határozza meg. Magyarországon a koncentrációs folyamatokat a jogi-gazdasági környezet erősen befolyásolta.    -------------------------------------    Significant concentration processes have begun in the production side of the grape and wine business. These are in part driven by the investors who appeared in large numbers in this field after the eighties. Their strategy is basically determined by their access to raw...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Szőlő-bor ágazat; Liberalizáció; Oligopólium; Befektetés; Viticulture and winemaking; Liberalisation; Oligopoly; Investment; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92504

The role of real options analysis in the design of a greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lambie,   Neil Ross.
Analysing the effect of a greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme (ETS) on energy-intensive industries using a simple model of the long-run equilibrium fails to fully capture the design implications of a scheme. When we allow for imperfect market structures and uncertainty, it is more useful to focus on how an industry is affected by the scheme’s design in moving to its long-run equilibrium. A real options modelling approach that analyses how firms in these industries are likely to respond to an ETS through their investment behaviour is proposed as a more insightful method for public policy analysis.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change policy; Emissions trading; Investment; Real options; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47626

LITHUANIAN DIAGNOSTICS OF LAGGING TERRITORIES: EVALUATION AND INSIGHTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meyers,   William H.; Kairyte,   Emilija; Ribasauskiene,   Erika.
During the period 2006-2007 diagnostics were conducted on territorial aspects of rural Lithuania with a special focus on the rural areas lagging behind. The study includes analysis of economic, demographic and social indicators of rural areas at a disaggregated level and a methodology enabling the assessment of opportunities and constraints and the comparisons of rural areas in various territories. The study objective is an improved set of diagnostics that captures territorial differences, improves the targeting of RDP measures and strengthens the framework for allocation and access to structural and rural development funds. The paper discusses diagnostic methods by reviewing concepts of rurality and presenting methods used for identifying and ranking...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Investment; Rural development; Lagging rural areas; Economic structure; Competitiveness; Social well-being; Development indices; Funding envelopes; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57346

Insure or Invest in Green Technologies to Protect Against Adverse Weather Events?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pietola,   Kyosti; Myyra,   Sami; Niemi,   Jarkko K.; Van Asseldonk,   Marcel A.P.M.
This paper analyses investments in green technologies when insurance is also an option. Green technologies are defined to have the power to increase productivity and decrease volatility of future revenues. The insurance options involve the scale and coverage either in a yield insurance or in an index insurance. The stochastic process is a combination of insurable stationary short-run process and non-stationary long run process. The optimal decision rules are solved numerically by stochastic dynamic programming. The results suggest that the index insurance maintains market based incentives to invest in green technologies whereas a yield insurance substantially decreases investments, as expected. An actuarially fair yield insurance decreases investments at...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Investment; Insurance; Uncertainty; Dynamic programming; Green technology; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100738

The Environment for Agricultural and Agribusiness Investment in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Landes,   Maurice R.
Despite strong overall economic growth and strengthening food demand, investment in Indian agriculture and agribusiness has remained sluggish, and growth in farm output has slowed, since the early 1990s. An array of policies and regulations affecting agricultural production, marketing, and food processing—along with weak infrastructure and a lack of market services—have discouraged private investment by farmers and large, vertically integrated agribusinesses. The policy environment has grown more investor friendly since the late 1990s and private investment appears to be responding, but significant barriers remain and the pace of future reforms remains uncertain.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: India; Agriculture; Agribusiness; Investment; Trade policy; Domestic policy; Infrastructure; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58628

INVESTMENT, CREDIT CONSTRAINTS AND PUBLIC POLICY IN A NEOCLASSICAL ADJUSTMENT COST FRAMEWORK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cechura,   Lukas.
This paper deals with the analysis of the impact of credit rationing on the farmer’s economic equilibrium and the analysis of different policy scenarios in a derived neoclassical adjustment cost framework. The theoretical model is an optimal dynamic investment model, in which the upper bound on investment is introduced. The limit of the investment enables to analyse the consequence of the occurrence of credit rationing on farmer’s capital accumulation, investment and supply. The method of optimal control is used to solve the optimization problem. The results show that the occurrence of credit rationing may significantly determine a farmer’s economic equilibrium. Then the analysis of defined policy scenarios suggests that a loan guarantee efficiently solves...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Credit constraint; Investment; Capital; SGAFF (Supporting and Guarantee Agricultural and Forestry Fund); Adjustment cost and farmer’s economic equilibrium; Kreditrationierung; Investitionen; Kapital; EAGFL (Europäische Ausrichtungsund Garantiefond für die Landwirtschaft); Dynamische Anpassungskosten und langfristiges Gleichgewicht.; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; C61; Q12; Q14; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91954

Controlling a Stock Pollutant with Endogenous Abatement Capital and Asymmetric Information
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karp,   Larry S.; Zhang,   Jiangfeng.
Non-strategic firms with rational expectations make investment and emissions decisions. The investment rule depends on firms' beliefs about future emissions policies. We compare emissions taxes and quotas when the (strategic) regulator and (nonstrategic) firms have asymmetric information about abatement costs, and all agents use Markov Perfect decision rules. Emissions taxes create a secondary distortion at the investment stage, unless a particular condition holds; emissions quotas do not create a secondary distortion. We solve a linear-quadratic model calibrated to represent the problem of controlling greenhouse gasses. The endogeneity of abatement capital favors taxes, and it increases abatement.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Pollution control; Investment; Asymmetric information; Rational expectations; Choice of instruments; Environmental Economics and Policy; C61; D8; H21; Q28.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25071

Biotechnology: Can We Trade It?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bredahl,   Maury E.; Kalaitzandonakes,   Nicholas G.
The question in the title is divided into: (1) Can we trade the current generation of products from biotech or the technology itself? and (2) Can we trade the future generations of products of the technology? Controversy over the first generation of products has resulted in international trade being segmented into two markets: GMO-free and GMO. The first market is supported by voluntary labelling, making mandatory labelling largely unnecessary. While trade flows have been rearranged, markets have been little affected. We conclude that trade in the future generation will be dominated by capital and technology flows, with production for local markets dominating product trade flows.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: GMO; Institutions; Investment; Labelling; Trade; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23860

Infrastructure Investment and Regional Economic Development in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mi,   Benjia.
This paper analyzes the effect of infrastructure investment on the increase of regional economic aggregate and the industrial development in China from the perspective of quantitative method. It also investigates the current situation of transportation infrastructure development in China. The policies of foreign infrastructure investment and regional economic growth and their characteristics are introduced. Finally, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Infrastructure; Investment; Economic development; China; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53527

International environmental agreements with mixed strategies and investment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hong,   Fuhsai; Karp,   Larry S.
We modify a canonical participation game used to study International Environmental Agreements (IEA), considering both mixed and pure strategies at the participation stage, and including a prior cost-reducing investment stage. The use of mixed strategies at the participation stage reverses a familiar result and also reverses the policy implication of that result: with mixed strategies, equilibrium participation and welfare is higher in equilibria that involve higher investment.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: International Environmental Agreement; Climate agreement; Participation game; Investment; Mixed strategy; Environmental Economics and Policy; C72; H4; Q54.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123719

VIABILIDADE FINANCEIRA DA PRODUÇÃO DE FEIJÃO NO SISTEMA AUTOMATIZADO DE IRRIGAÇÃO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Silva,   Eduardo Luis da; Ferreira,   Marco Aurelio Marques; Abrantes,   Luiz Antonio; Costa,   Thiago De Melo Teixeira Da.
Esse trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a viabilidade financeira da implementação de um sistema automatizado de irrigação por miniaspersão na cultura do feijão. O trabalho toma como referência a teoria de análise financeira de investimentos, considerando a abordagem determinística e probabilística. Os dados relativos à produtividade do feijoeiro, ao sistema de irrigação por miniaspersão, bem como os coeficientes técnicos, os custos de produção e as receitas de venda foram baseados em experimentos e coletas de dados realizados por pesquisadores da UFV. Diante dos resultados, pode-se concluir que tanto nos cenários determinístico e probabilístico, o projeto de irrigação por miniaspersão na cultura de feijão apresenta-se viável. O projeto é...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Investimento; Agronegócios; Risco; Feijão; Automação; Investment; Agrobusiness; Risk; Bean; Automation; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112721

Agro-well and pump diffusion in the dry zone of Sri Lanka:  Past trends, present status and future prospects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kikuchi,   Masao; Weligamage,   Parakrama; Barker,   Randolph; Samad,   Madar; Kono,   Hiroichi; Somaratne,   H.M.
The use of shallow wells, equipped with small pumps, to lift groundwater has spread rapidly in many agricultural regions of tropical monsoonal Asia. In Sri Lanka, the rapid and pervasive invasion of agro-wells and pumps drew the attention of policymakers and researchers, but many questions were left unanswered due to lack of research in the area. This study aims to fill this gap in knowledge, based on observations and data obtained in field surveys conducted in major and minor irrigation schemes in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. This report gives the key findings of this study into the pattern, extent and causes of the spread and use of agro-wells and pumps in traditional villages and irrigated settlement schemes. It investigates farmer investments in...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Wells; Construction technology; Pumps; Arid zones; Investment; Irrigation systems; Irrigation programs; Rice; Estimation; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Financial Economics; Marketing; Public Economics.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44558

Development in Central Europe Includes Food Processing Business
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Declerck,   Francis.
The economic integration of Central European countries to the EU started in the beginning of the 1990's. ESSEC Business School, in partnership with Warsaw Agricultural University SGGW, and food companies have heavily invested in Central Europe, particularly Poland, before May 1, 2004 the official date of the EU enlargement to 8 Central European Countries: Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovenia and Slovakia. With more than half the population and business activity of these countries, Poland is the « big » Central European country. Four food industry managers from those countries provide their point of view.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Central Europe; Development; Food; Business; Investment; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8128

Global Shifts in Agro-Industrial Capital and the Case of Soybean Crushing: Implications for Managers and Policy Makers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goldsmith,   Peter D.; Li,   Bing; Fruin,   Jerry E.; Hirsch,   Rodolfo.
Tremendous shifts are occurring in the location of agro-industrial capital around the globe. To focus discussion on this topic a session was convened at the annual meeting of the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association in Montreux, Switzerland in June of 2004. The session brought together researchers and industry leaders to better understand these dramatic shifts and the implications they hold for the agri-food system. The following article emerges from that session. The first part of the article provides the context for the discussion by looking at global shifts in soybean processing investment. The second part entails reaction by three industry panelists.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Soybeans; Processing; Investment; Global strategy; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8121

China’s water pricing reforms for irrigation: effectiveness and impact
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liao,   Yongsong; Gao,   Zhanyi; Bao,   Ziyun; Huang,   Qingwen; Feng,   Guangzhi; Xu,   Di; Cai,   Jiabin; Han,   Huijing; Wu,   Weifeng.
Irrigation occupies a central position in China’s crop production. However, due to low per capita water resources, much worse, unevenly distributed over regions and time and the rapid increase of water diversions to non-irrigation sectors, irrigation water shortages have become a very serious problem. Without the adoption of effective measures this problem may even threaten China’s food security. Currently, irrigation efficiency is very low in general, irrigation water prices cannot fully recover water supply costs, and irrigation facilities are aging due to the lack of funding for O&amp;M (operation &amp; maintenance). Since water prices are regulated by the government, and not determined by the market, water prices did not work effectively in water...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water rates; Pricing; Price policy; Cost recovery; Farmers attitudes; Water rights; Water market; Water supply; User charges; Irrigation water; Water allocation; Irrigation management; Participatory management; Water conservation; Institutions; Organizations; Water users associations; Cereals; Yields; Models; Labor; Cost benefit analysis; Irrigation requirements; Investment; Groundwater management; Wells; Irrigation canals; Food security; Legal aspects; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91872

Trade Agreements: The Important Role of Transparency
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kerr,   William A.
International trade can be inhibited in two ways; through the use of mechanisms that directly alter the flow of goods and poor transparency in the rules of trade. The former includes tariffs and other border measures, subsidies and non-tariff barriers. The effect on trade flows resulting from issues of transparency is indirect. When the rules of trade are unclear for firms considering investing in trade related activities, the risks associated with those investments increase and investment is inhibited. If there is less investment in trade related activities, trade flows will be reduced. Poor transparency exists in contingent protection measures such as anti-dumping – currently on the agenda of the Rules negotiations at the WTO and – customs and related...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Investment; Liberalization; Risk; Transparency; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6322

Strategic Analyses of the National River Linking Project (NRLP) of India Series 5; Proceedings of the Second National Workshop on Strategies Issues in Indian Irrigation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: International Water Management Institute (IWMI).
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Institutional reform; Surface irrigation; River basin management; Water transfer; Investment; Irrigation programs; Policy; Water users associations; Groundwater management; Groundwater recharge; Water supply; Drinking water; Watershed management; Crops; Crop Production/Industries; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118413

Irrigation management transfer in Mexico:  A strategy to achieve irrigation district sustainability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   Sam H., III.
Describes the process of transfer of irrigation districts in Mexico from public ownership to joint management, where responsibility for irrigation O&amp;M is shared between the public irrigation agency and water user associations. It evaluates the sustainability of transferred systems and discusses needed changes.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Privatization; Participatory management; Agricultural production; Sustainability; Private sector; Public sector; Economic aspects; Water users' associations; Investment; Agricultural policy; Irrigated farming; Water law; User charges; Land ownership; Mexico; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Production Economics.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52799

Analysing Competitiveness of the Hungarian Agro-Food Chains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Feher,   Istvan; Papp,   Zsolt.
Based on the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) approach this paper provides an assessment of the competitive position of the Hungarian agro-food industry in view of EU integration. The situation in the food processing sector is assessed with the use of actual cost data from representative Hungarian companies. The paper presents an assessment of the current situation prior to EU integration as well as a future outlook under various scenarios with regard to the expected policy environment and the rate of technological change. The actual measurement of competitiveness in this study focuses mainly on Private Resource Cost (PRC) which indicates competitiveness under real market conditions and Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) which gives an assessment on the social or...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Competitiveness; Strategy; Accession; Technology development; Investment; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24848

EVOLUTION OF INVESTMENT FLOWS IN U.S. MANUFACTURING:  A SPATIAL PANEL APPROACH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brown,   Jason P.; Florax,   Raymond J.G.M.; McNamara,   Kevin T.
This paper is updated by the file at  http://purl.umn.edu/54835
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Manufacturing; Investment; Location factors; Community/Rural/Urban Development; L60; R11; R30.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42502

Between markets and policy: farm household's reaction to decoupling
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gomez y Paloma,   Sergio; Raggi,   Meri; Viaggi,   Davide.
The main objective of this paper is to evaluate ex post the effects of 2003 decoupling, with a specific focus on farm investment behaviour. In the past years a number of studies have addressed the issue of the impact of EU policy reforms. However, long term effects of policy changes and related impacts on structural and investment behaviour received relatively little attention in modelling exercises concerning CAP reform up to now. This study is based on a survey about 250 farm households in Italy, Germany, Poland, Spain, Greece, The Netherlands, France and Hungary. In the majority of cases, farmers stated they were indifferent to decoupling. Where any change occurred, the impact of decoupling was highly differentiated. Differences in reaction are better...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Investment; Common Agricultural policy; Public payments; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44019

Investment, Subsidies, and Pro-Poor Growth in Rural India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Gulati,   Ashok; Thorat,   Sukhadeo.
This paper reviews the trends in government subsidies and investments in and for Indian agriculture; develops a conceptual framework and model to assess the impact of various subsidies and investments on agricultural growth and poverty reduction; and, presents several reform options with regard to reprioritizing government spending and improving institutions and governance. There are three major findings. First, initial subsidies in credit, fertilizer, and irrigation have been crucial for small farmers to adopt new technologies. Small farms are often losers in the initial adoption stage of a new technology since prices of the agricultural products are typically being pushed down by greater supply of products from large farms, which adopted the new...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural poverty; Agricultural growth; Investment; Subsidies; India; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42397

National Treatment and American Foreign Policy - The Evolution of National Treatment Approaches in International Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kucherepa,   Peter.
The National Treatment Clause, Article 1102 of the North American Free Trade Agreement, protects foreign investors from discrimination, including expropriation of their investments. This national treatment approach - equal treatment of foreign investors and local investors by states - was developed to encourage investment in Europe after the Second World War. Over the course of fifty years, the approach has evolved to provide foreign investors with protections over and above those provided to domestic investors. This article discusses the evolution of national treatment approaches, from affording foreign investors equal treatment to ensuring new investment conditions in international trade.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International trade; Investment; NAFTA; National treatment; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23821

Employing Real Options Methodology for Decision Making in Greenhouse Technology
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tzouramani,   Irene; Mattas,   Konstadinos.
Latest developments in investment analysis offer a number of valuable insights into how to evaluate investment opportunities encountering the weaknesses of net present value criterion. More specific, irreversibility, uncertainty and the choice of timing are conditions that net present value does not include but they alter the investment decision in critical way. Employing contingent claims analysis in tangible investments several assumptions made by discount cash flow method are concerned and better assessment results can be derived. In this work, an attempt is made to apply real options methodology in agricultural investments. Many agricultural investors face a growing uncertainty environment with high sunk investments and net present value criterion has...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Real options; Irreversibility; Option value; Agriculture; Investment; Policy; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24835

A MINŐSÉG A MAGYAR HÚSIPAR VERSENYKÉPESSÉGÉBEN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nagy-Percsi,   Kinga.
A tanulmány elkészítésének alapját az engedélyezett, illetve a jóváhagyott és derogációs húsüzemek körében 2005. év végén és 2006. év elején elkészített kér-dőíves felmérés adta. A márkázott húsprogramok fő problémáját leginkább a márkázott termékek iránti hazai fizetőképes kereslet hiányában látják. Ettől kis mértékben marad el a programokhoz kapcsolódó elégtelen promóció, ami kiemeli az összefogás, a közösen végzett promóció szükségességét a versenyképesség növelése érdekében. A multinacionális láncok árleszorító törekvései és a növekvő költségek hatá-sára kialakult kisebb jövedelemtermelő képességet a húsipari cégek részben a beruházások visszafogásával ellensúlyozzák, mégpedig azokon a területeken, me-lyek nem kifejezetten az előírásoknak...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Versenyképesség; Specializáció; Promóció; Beruházás; Vágósertés minősítés; Competitiveness; Specialisation; Promotion; Investment; S/EUROP classification; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57649

What is the irrigation potential for Africa? A Combined Biophysical and Socioeconomic Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: You,   Liangzhi; Ringler,   Claudia; Nelson,   Gerald C.; Wood-Sichra,   Ulrike; Robertson,   Richard D.; Wood,   Stanley; Guo,   Zhe; Zhu,   Tingju; Sun,   Yan.
Although irrigation in Africa has the potential to boost agricultural productivities by at least 50 percent, food production on the continent is almost entirely rainfed. The area equipped for irrigation, currently slightly more than 13 million hectares, makes up just 6 percent of the total cultivated area. Eighty-five percent of Africa’s poor live in rural areas and mostly depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. As a result, agricultural development is key to ending poverty on the continent. Many development organizations have recently proposed to significantly increase investments in irrigation in the region. However, the potential for irrigation investments in Africa is highly dependent upon geographic, hydrologic, agronomic, and economic factors...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigation potential; Internal rate of return; Large-scale irrigation; Small-scale irrigation; Investment; Africa; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93736

The impact of dynamic technical inefficiency on investment decision of Spanish olive farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lambarraa,   Fatima; Stefanou,   Spiro E.; Gil,   Jose Maria.
Spain occupies a first ranking position in worldwide production and exportation for olive oil and table olives. Such position is enforced by the positive evolution of investment demonstrated by an increase of approximately 5% of area dedicated to this cultivation during the last 6 years. This study analyzes Spanish olive sector investment decision taking into consideration the technical efficiency as a relevant element that could impact that decision by integrating the real option approach and a dynamic stochastic frontier model. This analysis has been applied to a 158 Spanish olive farms using FADN data set. The results show that the technical inefficiency persistence parameter is fairly low to unity, which means that small technical inefficiency is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Investment; Olive sector; Dynamic technical efficiency.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58080

When to Get In and Out of Dairy Farming: A Real Option Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tauer,   Loren W.
The Dixit entry/exit real option model was applied to the entry/exit decisions of New York dairy farmers. For the cost structure of a 500-cow farm the entry milk price is $17.52 per hundredweight (cwt.) and the exit milk price is $10.84. For the 50-cow farm cost structure the entry price is higher at $23.71 per cwt., and the exit price is also higher at $13.48. If infinite numbers of representative farms enter and exit at these prices, the price of milk should range between $13.48 and $17.52 per cwt.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Dairy farming; Entry-exit; Investment; Real options; Farm Management.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21251

Investment rigidity and policy measures
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Serra,   Teresa; Stefanou,   Spiro E.; Gil,   Jose Maria; Featherstone,   Allen M.
This paper assesses the impacts of decoupled government transfers on production decisions of a sample of Kansas farms observed from 1996 to 2001. Our model allows for risk, risk attitudes and the intertemporal investment decisions. We also allow for different adjustments of the decision variables depending on the predominant economic conditions. The theoretical model is estimated using the threshold regression methods proposed by Hansen (1999). Threshold effects are allowed to characterize the behavior of output supply and quasi-fixed and variable input demand.. The econometric results support the existence of three regimes characterized by different economic behavior. Our analysis suggests that in a dynamic setting with risk and non-risk neutral economic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Investment; Decoupling; Threshold Behaviour; Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6511

GROWTH, POLICYMAKING, TRADE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN MALAYSIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Salih,   Thamir M.
For the period between 1957 and 1997, Malaysia’s development is analysed to determine the roles of inputs, planning, trade and government intervention in economic activity. Foreign investment is also analysed. During this period, by international standards, growth that Malaysia experienced was impressive. This growth was achieved through a policy framework that used government planning and investment in conjunction with incentives for the private sector. A unique feature of Malaysia’s planning was its call for social justice to advance the economic interest of its less economically privileged population. By adopting amalgam of development strategies and policies, policymakers were successful in improving the socio-economic status of the majority of the...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economic Development; Export; Growth; Investment; Planning; Sustainability; Country Studies: Malaysia.; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124437

Corruption and economic growth in Lebanon
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Farida,   Moe; Ahmadi-Esfahani,   Fredoun Z.
This paper seeks to examine the impact of corruption on economic growth in Lebanon. Using a neoclassical model, we hypothesise that corruption reduces the country's standard of living as measured by real per capita GDP. We show that corruption deters growth indirectly through reducing the factor input productivity in a Cobb-Douglas production function. We provide empirical evidence suggesting that corruption increases inefficiencies in government expenditure and reduces investment and human capital productivity, leading to a negative impact on output. The implications of the analysis are explored.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Economic growth; Investment; Human capital; Government expenditure; Foreign aid; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6043

Testing for Speculative Behavior in US Corn Ethanol Investments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kumarappan,   Subbu; Gustafson,   Cole R.
Crude oil price speculation during 2000s could have increased installed capacity in corn ethanol plants  beyond what was warranted by the market factors. We use   Muth’s commodity pricing model and Flood and Garber’s tests to test for speculative investment in US corn ethanol industry. The ethanol price expectations are derived using a system of supply-demand-inventory describing US ethanol markets under rational expectations (perfect foresight). These price expectations can help differentiate the installed capacity into two: capacity supported by the market fundamentals and the probable capacity that is installed based on speculation. Econometric estimation procedures and functional form approximations are discussed.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Speculation; Commodity prices; Investment; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; Q14; Q41; D8; L71.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61418

VIABILIDADE FINANCEIRA NA INTERNALIZAÇÃO DA PRODUÇÃO DE RAÇÃO NA SUINOCULTURA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bispo,   Oscar Neto De Almeida; Ferreira,   Marco Aurelio Marques; Abrantes,   Luiz Antonio.
Utilizando-se a avaliação de viabilidade financeira, associada às técnicas de análise de risco, este estudo investigou os benefícios e a atratividade da internalização da fabricação de ração na suinocultura, considerando os quesitos atratividade financeira e custos de transação. No cenário determinístico a internalizacão apresentou viabilidade, porém, à luz da teoria de riscos essa viabilidade foi questionada. Isso porque a internalização que gera benefícios rentáveis, traz consigo a incorporação de riscos que antes eram do produtor de ração e não do suinocultor. O estudo demonstrou que, ainda que existam riscos, os possíveis custos gerados pelos ativos específicos podem ser diluídos através do horizonte de tempo do projeto de investimento, visto que as...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Investimento; Agronegócios; Risco; Custos de transação; Suinocultura; Investment; Agrobusiness; Risks; Transaction costs; Swine confinement; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112723

Investment in Cellulosic Biofuel Refineries: Do Renewable Identification Numbers Matter?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miao,   Ruiqing; Hennessy,   David A.; Babcock,   Bruce A.
A floor and trade policy in Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) is the market mechanism by which U.S. biofuel consumption mandates are met. A conceptual model is developed to study the impact of RINs on stimulating investment in cellulosic biofuel refineries. In a two-period framework, we compare the first-period investment level (FIL) in three scenarios: (1) laissez-faire, (2) RINs under a nonwaivable mandate (NWM) policy, and (3) RINs under a waivable mandate (WM) policy. Results show that when firm-level marginal costs are constants, then RINs under WM policy do not stimulate FIL but they do increase the expected profit of more efficient investors. When firm-level marginal costs are not constants, however, RINs under WM policy stimulate FIL. RINs...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cellulosic biofuels; Investment; Renewable Identification Numbers; Waivable mandate; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94001

When Government Spending Serves the Elites: Consequences for Economic Growth in a Context of Market Imperfections
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Ramon E.; Islam,   Asif M.
Government spending should be regarded as a social and political phenomenon, not merely as a technical choice. We argue that there is an implicit contract between the organized elites and politicians which often leads to a pro-elite allocation of public resources. A natural and simple taxonomy of government spending follows from this view: spending in public goods broadly defined which mitigate market failures versus spending in non-social subsidies, mainly a vehicle to serve the elites. We theoretically and empirically show that pro-elite spending biases are costly in terms of economic growth. The empirical findings are exceptionally robust.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Government spending; Economic growth; Market imperfections; Investment; Subsidies; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45875

Real option models for simulating digester system adoption on livestock farms in Emilia-Romagna
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bartolini,   Fabio; Gallerani,   Vittorio; Viaggi,   Davide.
Innovation and new technology adoption represent two central elements for the enterprise and industry development process in agriculture. The objective of this paper is to develop a farm-household model able to simulate the impacts of uncertainty in SFP, the selling price of energy and agricultural product prices parameters on the adoption of methane digester for biogas production. The model implemented is based on a real option approach that includes investment irreversibility and stochasticity in relevant parameters. The results show the relevance of uncertainty in determining the timing of adoption and emphasise the importance of predictability as a major component of policy design.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Real options; Methane digester; Biogas; Investment; Uncertainty; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61112

Impact of Government Payments, Depreciation and Inflation on Investment Behavior in American Agriculture Sector Using Sample of Kansas Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ariyaratne,   Chatura B.; Featherstone,   Allen M.
A farm’s physical investment is affected by its fundamental q and by its financial situation, with the later comprising both the firm’s liquidity and its possibility of facing capital market imperfections. This study determines the effects of government payments, depreciation, and inflation on crop farm machinery and equipment investment behavior employing the Nonlinear Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) estimator to estimate the investment system. The magnitude of the lagged cash flows such as government payments, cash crop income, and grain income were largely responsible for determining farm investment behavior in the Kansas agriculture sector. An increase in lagged machinery and equipment depreciation and lagged farm motor vehicle and listed property...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Investment; Liquidity; Fundamental q; Government payments; Depreciation; Inflation; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49301

Regulatory Independence and Political Interference: Evidence from EU Mixed-Ownership Utilities’ Investment and Debt
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cambini,   Carlo; Rondi,   Laura.
This paper examines the investment and financial decisions of a sample of 92 EU regulated utilities, taking into account key institutional features of EU public utilities, such as: a) regulation by agencies with various degrees of independence; b) partial ownership of the state in the regulated firm; and c) the government’s political orientation, which may ultimately influence the regulatory climate to be either more pro-firm or more pro-consumers. Our results show that regulatory independence matters for both investment and financial decisions. Investment increases under an Independent Regulatory Agency (IRA), while ownership has no effect. Leverage also increases when the IRA is in place, especially so if the regulated firm is privately controlled....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Regulated Utilities; Investment; Capital Structure; Private and State Ownership; Regulatory Independence; Government’s Political Orientation; Financial Economics; G31; G32; L33; L51; L90.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91002

A földpiaci sajátosságok és tendenciák
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kurucz,   Adrienn.
Az elmúlt években ugyan emelkedtek a hazai földárak, de az uniós csatlakozástól várt jelentős árnövekedés és földpiaci forgalomélénkülés elmaradt, sőt, a bérleti díjakban sem hozott átütő fordulatot. A közelmúltban erősödött a magyarországi földpiac megmozdulását várók tábora, a 2011 májusában lejáró derogáció miatt. A szakemberek optimisták, mert a lejáró derogációval kiszélesedhet a vásárlói kör. A hazai agrárgazdaság egyik legnagyobb gondja a tőkehiány, ami akadályozza a technikai és technológiai fejlesztést, az ágazat versenyképessé és jövedelmezőbbé tételét. A földpiac megnyitása becslések szerint ezer milliárd forintot hozhatna az ágazatba, hatalmas lökést adhatna az innovációnak és ugrásszerűen javíthatna az agrárgazdaságból közvetve vagy...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Földpiac; Földár; Beruházás; Válság; Derogáció; Land market; Land prices; Investment; Crisis; Derogation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99140

LIVESTOCK SECTORS IN THE ECONOMIES OF EASTERN EUROPE AND THE FORMER SOVIET UNION; TRANSITION FROM PLAN TO MARKET AND THE ROAD AHEAD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bjornlund,   Britta; Cochrane,   Nancy J.; Haley,   Mildred M.; Hoskin,   Roger; Liefert,   Olga; Paarlberg,   Philip L.
This report examines the restructuring of the livestock sectors in five countries: Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Hungary, and Romania. All five countries experienced a decline in both animal inventories and meat output during the early years of transition away from a centrally planned economy. ERS, in cooperation with Purdue University, developed five general equilibrium models depicting the economies of each nation. The models were used to evaluate capital investment at different stages of production; the rise in land prices that would result from a better functioning land market; reduced marketing costs; increased availability of credit; and, the creation of off-farm employment to draw labor out of agriculture. The study identifies potential trade and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Livestock sector; Eastern Europe; Centrally planned economy; Cattle; Dairy; Beef; Pork; Poultry; Hogs; Property rights; Trade; Investment; Reform; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33977

Economic Hysteresis in Variety Selection
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Green,   Gareth P.
Investing in a new perennial crop variety involves an irreversible commitment of capital and generates an uncertain return stream.  As a result, the decision to adopt a new variety includes a significant real option value.  Waiting for returns to rise above this real option causes a delay in adoption because of economic hysteresis.  This study tests for hysteresis in the adoption of wine grape varieties using a sample of district-level data from the state of California.  The empirical results show a significant hysteretic effect in wine grape investment, which might be reduced by activities that smooth earnings over time.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: California; Grapes; Hysteresis; Investment; Jump diffusion; Real options; Variety adoption; Wine; Q14; Q11; D92; C34.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37310

Factors Influencing Private Landowner  Restoration Investment Decisions in Coastal Louisiana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dedah,   Cheikhna O.; Kazmierczak,   Richard F., Jr.; Keithly,   Walter R., Jr.
Coastal wetland loss has been a major problem in Louisiana, exceeding 1.2 million acres over the last century alone. Although federal, state, and local efforts have attempted to combat this loss from a public perspective, little has been done to encourage private landowners to maintain and protect their coastal lands.  This paper investigates the factors that influence private landowners to invest in coastal wetland restoration and maintenance activities in Louisiana.  We surveyed private coastal landowners to determine their general socioeconomic characteristics, attitudes toward risks, attitudes toward wetland conservation, current uses of landholdings, and previous investments in wetland restoration and maintenance projects. Using this survey data, an...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Wetlands; Restoration; Investment; Risk; Attitudes; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56451

Investment in Cellulosic Biofuel Refineries: Does the Waivable Mandate Matter?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miao,   Ruiqing; Babcock,   Bruce A.; Hennessy,   David A.
Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) aims to support investment in cellulosic biofuel refineries by mandating a floor on the amount of biofuels being consumed in every calendar year. Tradable Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) is the market mechanism by which the mandates are to be met. But the RFS allows for a waiver of the mandates. In this paper we construct a conceptual model to study the impact of RINs on stimulating investment in cellulosic biofuel refineries under a waivable mandate. In a two-period framework, we compare the first-period investment level in three scenarios: (1) laissez-faire, (2) non-waivable mandate implemented through RINs, and (3) waivable mandate implemented through RINs. We find that RINs associated with a waivable mandate may or...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cellulosic biofuels; Renewable identification numbers; Waivable mandate; Investment; Industrial Organization; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61165

Agricultural Trade Liberalization and Adjustment in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abbott,   Philip C.
Agricultural trade liberalization offers the possibility of substantial income gains and poverty reduction in the developing world. For those gains to be realized, institutional innovations and realizations of export opportunities are crucial. Adjustment policies to foster gains from trade include initiatives to compensate losers, institutional reforms to integrate into the global trading system, and policies which facilitate resource reallocations and especially enhance investment activity, both foreign and domestic. Much can be learned from experience with structural adjustment reforms, in which substantial trade liberalization by developing countries was accompanied by numerous other reforms when successful. Agriculture is important in reforms because...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade liberalization; Developing countries; Structural adjustment; Institutional innovation; Good governance; Investment; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15731

Local Ownership in Biofuels Production: A Strategy for Rural Development?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hueth,   Brent; Walker,   William D.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Local ownership; Rural development; Risk; Investment; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94690

The Profits of Power: Land Rights and Agricultural Investment in Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goldstein,   Markus; Udry,   Christopher R.
We examine the impact of ambiguous and contested land rights on investment and productivity in agricultural in Akwapim, Ghana. We show that individuals who hold powerful positions in a local political hierarchy have more secure tenure rights, and that as a consequence they invest more in land fertility and have substantially higher output. The intensity of investments on different plots cultivated by a given individual correspond to that individual's security of tenure over those specific plots, and in turn to the individual's position in the political hierarchy relevant to those specific plots. We interpret these results in the context of a simple model of the political allocation of land rights in local matrilineages.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land tenure; Investment; Institutions; Land Economics/Use; O12; O13; O17; P48.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28479

Irrigation and Water for Sustainable Development; Proceedings of the Second Forum December 15-16, 2008, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Awulachew,   Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa,   Teklu; Balcha,   Yodit.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainable development; Irrigation management; Supplemental irrigation; Land management; Investment; Case studies; Public sector; Private sector; Cooperation; Government policy; Rural poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118400

Reducing Poverty through Investments in Agricultural Water Management: Poverty and Gender Issues and Synthesis of Sub-Saharan Africa Case Study Reports
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Koppen,   Barbara; Namara,   Regassa E.; Safilios-Rothschild,   Constantina.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigated farming; Investment; Poverty; Gender; Cropping systems; Labor; Manual pumps; Case studies; Crop Production/Industries; Labor and Human Capital; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92404

AN EX ANTE ASSESSMENT OF INVESTMENTS IN TEXAS GRAPEFRUIT UNDER UNCERTAINTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Elmer,   Nicole A.; Thurow,   Amy Purvis; Johnson,   Jason L.; Rosson,   C. Parr, III.
The Dixit-Pindyck model was applied to examine the hypothesis that uncertainty associated with grapefruit production costs and returns is an important determinant of Texas grapefruit growers' investment behavior.  Freezes, price variability, and the effects of expanded trade were analyzed as risk factors.  An investment decision rule based on a net-present value calculation would approve a 25-year commitment to a 20-acre grapefruit grove, given a 6-percent discount rate.  The modified hurdle rate, calculated using an ex ante version of the Dixit-Pindyck model, is 24 percent.  The major source of the risk borne by Texas grapefruit investors is from freezes, rather than from expanded trade.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Citrus; Ex ante analysis; Dixit-Pindyck model; Freezes; Investment; Simulation; Texas; Trade; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15451

PRODUCTION COSTS AND PROFITABILITY OF ‘NIAGARA ROSADA’ TABLE GRAPE GROWN IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF SÃO PAULO STATE
Provedor de dados: 94
Autores: CAPPELLO,FERNANDO PEREZ; SPÓSITO,MARCEL BELLATO; OSAKI,MAURO.
ABSTRACT  Niagara Rosada is the main cultivar of table grapes produced in São Paulo state. Its production is concentrated mainly in the regions of Campinas, Itapetininga and Jales, where it is grown under different production systems. The aim of this study was to analyze the economic viability of cv. Niagara Rosada at main regions producers of São Paulo State. Therefore, case studies were made with grape growers for each region to assess the production cost and calculate profitability. In the Campinas region, for two cycles per year, the main crop and the second crop were evaluated, and the Total Cost (TC) obtained was US$ 0.81/Kg, with US$ 0.23/Kg of Total Net Revenue (TNR). Considering only the main crop, the decrease of grape production increased the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vitis labrusca L.; Table grape; Production cost; Investment; Profitability.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-29452017000400704

การวิเคราะห์ทางการเงินของการลงทุนทำสวนพลับในอำเภอแม่แจ่ม จังหวัดเชียงใหม่
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Chiraporn Chanya-on.
Thesis (M.Sc. in Environmental Science)
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Persimmon Orchard; Cost; Effectiveness; Investment; Financial analysis; Amphoe Mae Chaem; Chiang Mai; สวนพลับ; ต้นทุน; ผลตอบแทนทางการเงิน; การลงทุน; การตัดสินใจการลงทุน; จ.เชียงใหม่ อ.แม่แจ่ม.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/3067