Consulta: subjectFacets:"Malnutrition"
Registros recuperados: 33
Data/hora: 17/06/2024 08:32:53

Pobreza, desnutrición y aprovechamiento escolar: una relación causal conflictiva en dos localidades del municipio de Tepetlaoxtoc, Edo. de México.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Rucoba García, Armando.
En este estudio se analizó la relación causal que existe entre pobreza, desnutrición y aprovechamiento escolar de estudiantes de nivel primaria y secundaria en dos localidades de Tepetlaoxtoc, en el marco de las políticas públicas. Las familias se clasificaron en cuatro estratos, de acuerdo a las líneas de pobreza en México y después se comparó el grado de desnutrición y el aprovechamiento escolar de los estudiantes por estrato. De acuerdo a cada estrato, se observó el grado de correlación entre desnutrición y aprovechamiento escolar. En los dos estratos de menor ingreso de primaria y secundaria de las dos localidades, se presentó un mayor grado de correlación entre desnutrición y bajo aprovechamiento escolar, aunque no de forma significativa. Los...
Palavras-chave: Pobreza; Desnutrición; Aprovechamiento escolar; Políticas públicas; Tepetlaoxtoc; Poverty; Malnutrition; School performance; Public policies; Doctorado; Desarrollo Rural.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/236

Pobreza, desnutrición y aprovechamiento escolar: una relación causal conflictiva en dos localidades del municipio de Tepetlaoxtoc, Edo. de México.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Rucoba García, Armando.
En este estudio se analizó la relación causal que existe entre pobreza, desnutrición y aprovechamiento escolar de estudiantes de nivel primaria y secundaria en dos localidades de Tepetlaoxtoc, en el marco de las políticas públicas. Las familias se clasificaron en cuatro estratos, de acuerdo a las líneas de pobreza en México y después se comparó el grado de desnutrición y el aprovechamiento escolar de los estudiantes por estrato. De acuerdo a cada estrato, se observó el grado de correlación entre desnutrición y aprovechamiento escolar. En los dos estratos de menor ingreso de primaria y secundaria de las dos localidades, se presentó un mayor grado de correlación entre desnutrición y bajo aprovechamiento escolar, aunque no de forma significativa. Los...
Palavras-chave: Pobreza; Desnutrición; Aprovechamiento escolar; Políticas públicas; Tepetlaoxtoc; Poverty; Malnutrition; School performance; Public policies; Doctorado; Desarrollo Rural.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/236

Atrophy of the Nitrergic Myenteric Neurons in the Descending Colon Rats Submitted to Protein and Vitamin Deficiency
Provedor de dados: 77
Autores: Araújo,Eduardo José de Almeida; Hermes,Catchia; Miranda Neto,Marcílio Hubner de; Almeida,Elton Carlos de; Sant'Ana,Débora de Mello Gonçales.
Effects of protein and B-complex vitamin deficiency were assessed with respect to the morphometry of myenteric neurons in the descending colon of adult rats. Sixteen animals were divided into two groups: Control Group (CG, n=8) and Experimental Group (EG, n=8). The CG received 22% protein chow and the EG received 4% protein chow for 120 days. The descending colon was submitted to NADH- and NADPH-diaphorase technique in order to evidence nervous cells in the whole mounts preparations. In the EG, NADH-d positive neurons presented reduced nuclei, while NADPH-d positive neurons showed atrophy of the soma area (~41.7%) inducing an increase of the proportion occupied by the nucleus inside in the soma of these cells.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Malnutrition; Large intestine; Enteric nervous system; Myenteric plexus; Neural plasticity.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022009000300047

Malnutrition and Somatic Development: Application of Protocol of Mensuration to Evaluation of Indicators of Wistar Rats
Provedor de dados: 77
Autores: Silva,Hilton Justino da; Barros,Karla Mônica Ferraz Teixeira de; Cunha,Daniele Andrade da; Santos,Francisco de Assis da Silva; Soares,Elisângela Barros; Silva,Clécia Natália de Siqueira da; Moraes,Silvia Regina Arruda de; Castro,Raul Manhães de.
This study analyzed the consequence of malnutrition and/or serotoninergic manipulation during the period of fast growth of encephalon on the somatic development in rats. It was used the protocol of measurement of indicators of this development proposed by Silva et al., 2005. The protocol was applied from 1st to 21st day and rats were breastfed by female which received control diet (commercial diet, Labina) with 23% of protein, normoproteic diet, nourished animals (Group Nourished ­ Nour), n=15 or were breastfed by female which after the delivery received hypoproteic diet (Regional Basic Diet ­ RBD), with 8% of protein, malnourished animals (Group Malnourished ­ Maln) n=15. It were observed in the group malnourished a decrease of corporal weight from 4th...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Malnutrition; Somatic development; Wistar rat.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022006000400028

DNA damage in BALB/c mice infected with Lacazia loboi and its relation to nutritional status
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Barbosa,Adriana Sierra Assencio Almeida; Oliveira,Larissa Ragozo Cardoso de; Tavares,Francilene Capel; Lima,Carlos Roberto Gonçalves de; Diório,Suzana Madeira; Calvi,Sueli Aparecida; Vilani-Moreno,Fátima Regina; Pereira,Paulo Câmara Marques.
AbstractBackground Jorge Lobo’s disease, also known as lacaziosis, is a cutaneous-subcutaneous mycosis with chronic evolution. It is caused by the fungus Lacazia loboi. Herein we report a study that relates the genotoxicity caused by L. loboi in isogenic mice with nutritional status, through a normal or restricted diet.Methods DNA damage was assessed in the peripheral blood by the comet assay (tail intensity).Results The results for leukocytes showed increases in the mean tail intensity in mice under dietary restriction, in infected mice under dietary restriction and in infected mice ingesting a normal diet.Conclusion These results indicate that dietary restriction and L. loboi infection may increase DNA damage levels in mice, as detected by the comet assay.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Jorge Lobo’ disease; Lacazia loboi; Malnutrition; Mice; Genotoxicity; Comet assay.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992015000100317

Impact of malnutrition on immunity and infection
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: França,TGD; Ishikawa,LLW; Zorzella-Pezavento,SFG; Chiuso-Minicucci,F; da Cunha,MLRS; Sartori,A.
Malnutrition may be a consequence of energy deficit or micronutrient deficiency. It is considered the most relevant risk factor for illness and death, particularly in developing countries. In this review we described the magnitude of this problem, as well as its direct effect on the immune system and how it results in higher susceptibility to infections. A special emphasis was given to experimental models used to investigate the relationship between undernutrition and immunity. Malnutrition is obviously a challenge that must be addressed to health authorities and the scientific community.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Malnutrition; Infection; Immunity; Experimental models.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000300003

Sensory Evaluation and Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Quality Protein Maize (QPM) using Experimental Auctions in Rural Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kiria,   Christine G.; Vermeulen,   Hester; De Groote,   Hugo.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sensory characteristics and consumer acceptability of quality protein maize (QPM) in rural Tanzania. Due to the malnutrition problem facing consumers in developing countries, QPM which has almost double the amount of tryptophan and lysine, has been identified as a possible solution to this problem. To know whether consumers will accept QPM, it is vital that its sensory attributes and consumer acceptance tests are carried out. Sensory characteristics were determined using home use testing and central location methods by use of stiff porridge. Three districts were visited and 120 consumers participated in home use testing, whereas 30 respondents participated in the central location testing. At the central...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: QPM; Consumer acceptability; Sensory evaluation; Malnutrition; Tanzania; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96417

Nutritional status and access to clean fuels: Evidence from South Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhagowalia,   Priya; Gupta,   Parul.
Indoor air pollution due to solid fuels is among the ten most important risk factors in global burden of disease leading to respiratory diseases, anaemia, blindness and other disorders. This study examines the correlations between fuel choice and the nutritional status of children. We also explore if factors such as income, kitchen location and education play any role in conditioning fuel choice. Our results suggest that the choice and use of fuel has long lasting effects on the growth and health of children. It is also associated with a higher frequency of respiratory disorders. We find that agricultural households predominantly use unclean fuels.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malnutrition; Stunting; Indoor air pollution; Fuel choice; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103728

Unpacking the Links Between Women's Empowerment and Child Nutrition Evidence Using Nationally Representative Data From Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhagowalia,   Priya; Menon,   Purnima; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; Soundararajan,   Vidhya.
This paper examines the relationship between gender inequality and nutrition using direct indicators of empowerment such as mobility, decision-making power, and attitudes towards verbal and physical abuse. Our approach draws on the theory of the household as a utility maximizing unit that uses women’s status and characteristics as inputs to produce a final good, child health. Indices that capture distinct dimensions of women’s empowerment are used as explanatory variables along with controls for age and sex of the child, maternal height and education. Results from Logit models indicate that a greater degree of women’s empowerment is associated with better long term nutritional status of children. Attitudes towards domestic violence have a significant...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malnutrition; Gender; Domestic violence; Empowerment; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61273

Orange-Flesh Sweet Potato - Promising Partnerships for Assuring the Integration of Nutritional Concerns into Agricultural Research and Extension
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Low,   Jan W.; Uaiene,   Rafael N.; Andrade,   Maria Isabel; Howard,   Julie A.
Research Results from the Department of Policy Analysis MARD-Directorate of Economics
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Sweet potato; Malnutrition; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55215

The Human Right to Food as a U.S. Nutrition Concern, 1976-2006
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Messer,   Ellen; Cohen,   Marc J.
For 30 years, U.S. food and nutrition scientists and policymakers concerned with food and nutrition have explored the possibility of making the human right to food (HRF) the moral and legal cornerstone of U.S. domestic and international initiatives in this area. The U.S. government has consistently opposed formal right-to-food legislation, labeling it as overly burdensome and inconsistent with constitutional law. In contrast, anti-hunger advocates have favored a rights-based framework as a way to hold government accountable for improving the nutritional situation of its poorest citizens and for saving lives and preventing malnutrition in developing countries. The U.S. government has continually expanded food and nutrition assistance at home and abroad, but...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food policy; Human rights; Right to food; Malnutrition; Social welfare; United States; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42368

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE WORLD FOOD SITUATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gebremedhin,   Tesfa G.
Although world food and agricultural production, based on current trends, will be sufficient to meet demand in the decades ahead, the world still faces a serious food crisis, at least as perilous and life-threatening for millions of poor people as those of the past. To this end, the main objective of this paper is to illuminate the world food situation and to provide a critical analysis of the core causes of world food insecurity by identifying the various misconceptions surrounding our understanding of hunger, starvation, and poverty. A clear and deeper awareness of the real causes of hunger and malnutrition in poor countries is imperative to enable and challenge policy makers and planners to lay the groundwork at the grass-roots level for appropriate...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food distribution; Food security; Food supply; Hunger; Malnutrition; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14663

THE DISTRIBUTION OF CHILD NUTRITIONAL STATUS ACROSS COUNTRIES AND OVER TIME
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhagowalia,   Priya; Chen,   Susan E.; Masters,   William A.
Malnutrition is manifested in various degrees of both underweight and overweight, with large differences and rapid changes in their prevalence and severity. This paper introduces a new approach to characterizing the distribution of a population’s nutritional status, to help analyze changes in that distribution over time and across countries. Our method draws on the poverty literature to construct Foster-Greer-Thorbecke measures for the incidence and severity of under and overweight, based on deviations in either direction from the median of a healthy population. We apply this median-based measure to the nutritional status of over 400,000 preschool children, as measured in 130 DHS surveys covering 53 countries over a period from 1986 to 2006. Unlike...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Underweight; Overweight; Malnutrition; Poverty; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; I12; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6147

Food Consumption Parameters for Brazil and their Application to Food Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gray,   Cheryl Williamson.
As success is achieved in raising agricultural output and incomes in general, increased attention is being paid to improving the incomes and nutritional status of the lower-income, more disadvantaged peoples. Food subsidies have become an increasingly important means of transferring income to the poor. Because low-income people spend a much higher proportion of their income on food, food is a relatively efficient area for use of subsidies. They increase nutritional status more than other sources of income (see IFPRI Research Report 5, Impact of Subsidies Rice on Food Consumption and Nutrition in Kerala, by Shubh Kumar), and they have greater political acceptance among those with higher incomes, making them an attractive means if innocent transfer. However,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrition surveys; Brazil; Nutrition policy; Malnutrition; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42214

Nutrition Mapping in Tanzania: An Exploratory Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simler,   Kenneth R.
For effective decision-making, policymakers and program managers often need detailed information about the welfare of the population, including knowledge about which specific areas are most affected by poverty and undernutrition. Household sample surveys are an important source of information, yet because the typical sample size is only a few thousand observations, the information is only useful for inferences at high levels of aggregation, such as the nation or large regional units. In contrast, data sources with wider coverage, such as national censuses, rarely capture detailed information on welfare levels. Recently small-area estimation techniques have been applied to the study of poverty to produce estimates of poverty, or poverty maps, for small...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrition mapping; Malnutrition; Anthropometry; Small area estimation; Tanzania; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55899

Food Security Analysis and Policies for Transition Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wehrheim,   Peter; Wiesmann,   Doris M.
This article explores the characteristics of food security in the context of economies in transition. These special characteristics derive from the “legacies” of socialist systems, both economy-wide ones and others specific to the agriculture and the food sector. Food insecurity in transition countries is considered predominantly “transitory”, while social safety nets dating back to the socialist years provide some cushion. Market failures and other institutional constraints are prevalent, inhibiting the process towards improvement of the food security situation. Conflict takes a heavy toll in terms of hunger and malnutrition in economies in transition and macro level factors are at work to determine food security outcomes. At the same time, socialist...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food security; Poverty; Malnutrition; Transition countries; Agriculture; Agricultural policy; Safety nets; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112604

Nutrition in Central Uganda - An Estimation of a Minimum Cost Healthy Diet
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Badirwang,   Keeletlhoko Faith; Nakakeeto,   Gertrude; Rudi,   Jeta; Taylor,   Daniel B.
This study makes use of linear programming methodology to design a minimum cost diet for the Central Ugandan region. We used a set of constraints on recommended levels of daily nutrient intake, recommended proportions of groups of foods, as well as preferences and food availability in Central Uganda, to design a minimum cost healthy daily diet. Several models were considered, each forcing at least one of the following frequently consumed staple foods: matooke, cassava, and rice. We found that the minimum costs of the optimal diets were lowest in the planting season of March and highest in the harvesting season of December.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Central Uganda; Minimum cost diet; Malnutrition; Linear programming; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103603

Emerging Challenges for Food and Nutrition Policy in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stamoulis,   Kostas G.; Pingali,   Prabhu L.; Shetty,   Prakash.
As the income and the average caloric intake of developing country populations increase, a relative shift in diets is taking place. The general pattern of change can be described as a shift towards more 'westernized' diets and away from traditional ones. Accompanying this dietary trend are the substantial and rapid changes in food production, retailing and distribution systems. After reviewing these combined shifts and changes, the paper discusses the implications for rural poverty and food security, food safety and quality but also for diet-related non-communicable diseases and the related, emerging challenges for policymakers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food policy; Food systems; Nutrition; Food insecurity; Undernutrition; Malnutrition; Urbanization; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12000

Batata Doce de Polpa Cor Alaranjada - Parcerias Prometedoras para Assegurar a Integração dos Aspectos Nutricionais na Investigação e Extensão Agrícola
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Low,   Jan W.; Uaiene,   Rafael N.; Andrade,   Maria Isabel; Howard,   Julie A.
Resultados das Investigações do Departamento de Análise de Políticas MADER-Direcção de Economía
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Sweet potato; Malnutrition; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55216

Characterization of the myenteric neuronal population and subpopulation of the duodenum of adult wistar rat fed with hypoproteic chow
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Sant'Ana,Débora M.G.; Araújo,Eduardo J.A.; Ramos,Diego H.; Hermes-Uliana,Catchia; Natali,Maria Raquel M.
The effects of severe protein malnutrition (4%) on myenteric neurons of Wistar rat duodenum, in relation to a standard 22%-protein diet for rodents, were assessed in this study. Segments of the duodenum from 10 rats from each nutritional group were submitted to the elaboration of whole mounts - 5 stained with Giemsa to determine the total population of myenteric neurons and the others stained by a histochemical method to detect nervous cells through the NADPH-diaphorase enzyme activity for studying the subpopulation of nitrergic neurons. The area of 100 neurons per animal, totalizing 2,000 neurons, were randomly measured by using the Image Pro-Plus®software. Malnourished rats presented 34.38% lower body weight and 10.60% duodenum length reduction when...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Enteric nervous system; Malnutrition; Myenteric plexus; Nitrergic neurons.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652012000300022

Probiotics enhance the recovery of gut atrophy in experimental malnutrition
Provedor de dados: 47
Autores: Dock,Diana B.; Aguilar-Nascimento,José E.; Latorraca,Marcia Q.
AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotics on the recovery of the bowel atrophy induced by malnutrition in rats. METHODS: Twenty-and-six Wistar rats (200-250g) were fed with either a normoproteic (sham group, n=6) or a free-protein diet (n=20) during 12 days. Twelve malnourished rats were randomized to recover during 15 days with either a hydrolyzed diet (control group, n=6) or the same diet enriched with probiotics (Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus helveticus; probiotic group, n=6). RESULTS: Probiotic group showed similar gain of body, liver and bowel weight than controls. At the jejunum, both the villus height (383±49 vs. 321±46mm; p=0.04) and crypt depth (157±31 vs. 125±10mm; p=0.04) were greater in probiotic group...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Probiotics; Malnutrition; Small bowel; Colon; Mucosa.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-95452004000200003

Ethanol in low chronic dose level attenuates major organic effects in malnourished rats
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: AGUIAR,ALINE S DE; BOAVENTURA,GILSON T; ABRAHÃO,RAFAEL F; FREITAS,THATIANA L; TAKIYA,CHRISTINA M; FILHO,PORPHIRIO J S; SILVA,VILMA A DA.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the chronic toxicity of ethanol low blood levels in malnourished rats. Female Wistar rats (220 g) were subjected to either an ad libitum diet (W, well-nourished, n=10) or food restriction (M, malnourished, n=10). Water (WW and MW) or ethanol solution (W5% and M5%) was offered to half of each nutritional group (n=5) as the only fluid source. The treatment was continued for two months. After sacrifice, blood biochemical parameters and macroscopic, histologic and morphometric evaluation of the liver were performed. Results indicated that: Ethanol consumption was higher in malnourished rats and minimized body weight loss in malnourished rats, while it decreased the body weight gain in well-nourished ones. Behavioral...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Low dose; Malnutrition; Toxicity.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602009000100004

Malnutrition affects the pressor response to microinjection of L-glutamate into the RVLM of awake rats
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Rodrigues,Fabiana Aparecida; Chianca-Jr,Deoclecio Alves; Gonçalves Fernandes,Luciano.
Post-weaning protein malnutrition is often related to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in humans, as well to changed content of neurotransmitters in the central nervous system under experimental conditions. The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is a bulbar region that contains sympathetic premotor neurons; the excitatory amino acid L-glutamate seems to be the main neurotransmitter at this level. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible change in the L-glutamate sensitivity of the RVLM neurons of malnourished animals. Male Fischer rats were divided into two groups: control (n = 15) and malnourished (n = 19). Four days before the experiments, guide cannulas were implanted bilaterally in direction of the RVLM for...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Baroreflex; Blood pressure; L-glutamate receptors; Heart rate; Malnutrition; RVLM.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602012000400002

Importance of the nutritional status for the interpretation of nuclear medicine examinations
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Moura,Egberto Gaspar de; Passos,Magna Cottini Fonseca.
Malnutrition is very prevalent in the Third World, but still in developing Countries and is found in certain communities in developed Countries. Several laboratories examinations are affected by malnutrition. Recently, gestational or neonatal malnutrition were considered to contribute to the development of chronic diseases in adulthood, this phenomena was named programming or metabolic imprinting. Similar consideration were suggested for Nuclear Medicine examinations. Here we review the literature about this aspect and present our own data showing changes in biodistribution of a radiopharmaceutical compound in different animal models of adult malnutrition or caused by maternal malnutrition programming.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Programming; Nuclear Medicine; Malnutrition; Biodistribution; Radiopharmaceuticals.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132002000500021

Food intake and weight of lactating rats maintained on different protein-calorie diets, and pup growth
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Cambraia,R.P.B.; Vannucchi,H.; De-Oliveira,L.M.
Studies on rats maintained on low-protein-calorie diets during the lactation period show that food intake decreases. This process results in weight loss and a delay in litter development. The purpose of the present study was to determine the alterations in food intake, maternal weight and litter growth during lactation when dams were exposed to diets with different levels of protein and carbohydrate. Female Wistar rats receiving one of 4 different diets, A (N = 14), B (N = 14), C (N = 9) and D (N = 9), were used. Diet A contained 16% protein and 66% carbohydrate; diet B, 6% protein and 77% carbohydrate; diet C, 6% protein and 66% carbohydrate; diet D, 16% protein and 56% carbohydrate. Thus, C and D diets were hypocaloric, while A and B were isocaloric. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lactation; Malnutrition; Low-protein-calorie diet; Feeding behavior; Weight and growth of rats.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000800012

Alterations in proteins of bone marrow extracellular matrix in undernourished mice
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Vituri,C.L.; Alvarez-Silva,M.; Trentin,A.G.; Borelli,P.
The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of protein malnutrition on the glycoprotein content of bone marrow extracellular matrix (ECM). Two-month-old male Swiss mice were submitted to protein malnutrition with a low-protein diet containing 4% casein as compared to 20% casein in the control diet. When the experimental group had attained a 20% loss of their original body weight, we extracted the ECM proteins from bone marrow with PBS buffer, and analyzed ECM samples by SDS-PAGE (7.5%) and ECL Western blotting. Quantitative differences were observed between control and experimental groups. Bone marrow ECM from undernourished mice had greater amounts of extractable fibronectin (1.6-fold increase) and laminin (4.8-fold increase) when...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fibronectin; Bone marrow; Extracellular matrix; Malnutrition.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000800004

Can calories from ethanol contribute to body weight preservation by malnourished rats?
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Aguiar,A.S.; Da-Silva,V.A.; Boaventura,G.T.
Our objective was to compare the use of calories from ethanol by well-nourished and malnourished rats in terms of body weight. Female Wistar rats weighing 170-180 g at the beginning of the study were used. The animals were divided into two groups (N = 12 each): group W received water ad libitum and group E an ethanol solution ad libitum as the only source of liquid throughout the experiment. The concentration of ethanol was increased weekly from 0 to 5, 10, 20 and 40% (v/v). In the well-nourished phase (A), all rats received food ad libitum (AW and AE). Ethanol treatment (AE) was then interrupted and water was offered to both groups. After 2 weeks both AW and AE rats were submitted to food restriction (50% of group AW food consumption), thus initiating the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Weight gain; Malnutrition; Rats; Toxicity.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004000600009

Anthropometric midarm measurements can detect systemic fat-free mass depletion in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Sanchez,F.F.; Faganello,M.M.; Tanni,S.E.; Lucheta,P.A.; Pelegrino,N.G.; Hasegawa,S.H.; Ribeiro,S.M.; Godoy,I.
Our objective was to determine whether anthropometric measurements of the midarm (MA) could identify subjects with whole body fat-free mass (FFM) depletion. Fifty-five patients (31% females; age: 64.6 ± 9.3 years) with mild/very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 18 smokers without COPD (39% females; age: 49.0 ± 7.3 years) and 23 never smoked controls (57% females; age: 48.2 ± 9.6 years) were evaluated. Spirometry, muscle strength and MA circumference were measured. MA muscle area was estimated by anthropometry and MA cross-sectional area by computerized tomography (CT) scan. Bioelectrical impedance was used as the reference method for FFM. MA circumference and MA muscle area correlated with FFM and biceps and triceps strength. Receiver...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fat-free mass depletion; Midarm anthropometry; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Malnutrition; Nutritional status assessment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011000500011

Protein-energy malnutrition halts hemopoietic progenitor cells in the G0/G1 cell cycle stage, thereby altering cell production rates
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Borelli,P.; Barros,F.E.V.; Nakajima,K.; Blatt,S.L.; Beutler,B.; Pereira,J.; Tsujita,M.; Favero,G.M.; Fock,R.A.
Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) is a syndrome that often results in immunodeficiency coupled with pancytopenia. Hemopoietic tissue requires a high nutrient supply and the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of cells occur in a constant and balanced manner, sensitive to the demands of specific cell lineages and dependent on the stem cell population. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of PEM on some aspects of hemopoiesis, analyzing the cell cycle of bone marrow cells and the percentage of progenitor cells in the bone marrow. Two-month-old male Swiss mice (N = 7-9 per group) were submitted to PEM with a low-protein diet (4%) or were fed a control diet (20% protein) ad libitum. When the experimental group had lost about 20% of their...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Malnutrition; Hemopoiesis; Cell cycle; Low protein diet.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009000600008

ApoE polymorphisms and diarrheal outcomes in Brazilian shanty town children
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Oriá,R.B.; Patrick,P.D.; Oriá,M.O.B.; Lorntz,B.; Thompson,M.R.; Azevedo,O.G.R.; Lobo,R.N.B.; Pinkerton,R.F.; Guerrant,R.L.; Lima,A.A.M.
A series of studies have shown that the heavy burdens of diarrheal diseases in the first 2 formative years of life in children living in urban shanty towns have negative effects on physical and cognitive development lasting into later childhood. We have shown that APOE4 is relatively common in shanty town children living in Brazil (13.4%) and suggest that APOE4 has a protective role in cognitive development as well as weight-for-height in children with heavy burdens of diarrhea in early childhood (64/123; 52%), despite being a marker for cognitive decline with Alzheimer’s and cardiovascular diseases later in life. APOE2 frequency was higher among children with heaviest diarrhea burdens during the first 2 years of life, as detected by PCR using the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Apolipoprotein E; Malnutrition; Diarrhea; Children.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2010000300005

Impairment of the hematological response and interleukin-1β production in protein-energy malnourished mice after endotoxemia with lipopolysaccharide
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Fock,R.A.; Vinolo,M.A.R.; Blatt,S.L.; Borelli,P.
The objectives of this study were to determine if protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) could affect the hematologic response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production, leukocyte migration, and blood leukocyte expression of CD11a/CD18. Two-month-old male Swiss mice were submitted to PEM (N = 30) with a low-protein diet (14 days) containing 4% protein, compared to 20% protein in the control group (N = 30). The total cellularity of blood, bone marrow, spleen, and bronchoalveolar lavage evaluated after the LPS stimulus indicated reduced number of total cells in all compartments studied and different kinetics of migration in malnourished animals. The in vitro migration assay showed reduced capacity of migration after the LPS stimulus in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Blood; Bone marrow; Spleen; Interleukin-1β; Lipopolysaccharide; Malnutrition.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001200009

Increased production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in whole blood cultures from children with primary malnutrition
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Azevedo,Z.M.A.; Luz,R.A.; Victal,S.H.; Kurdian,B.; Fonseca,V.M.; Fitting,C.; Câmara,F.P.; Haeffner-Cavaillon,N.; Cavaillon,J.-M.; Gaspar Elsas,M.I.C.; Xavier Elsas,P.
Because low tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production has been reported in malnourished children, in contrast with high production of TNF-alpha in experimental protein-energy malnutrition, we reevaluated the production of TNF-alpha in whole blood cultures from children with primary malnutrition free from infection, and in healthy sex- and age-matched controls. Mononuclear cells in blood diluted 1:5 in endotoxin-free medium released TNF-alpha for 24 h. Spontaneously released TNF-alpha levels (mean ± SEM), as measured by enzyme immunoassay in the supernatants of unstimulated 24-h cultures, were 10,941 ± 2,591 pg/ml in children with malnutrition (N = 11) and 533 ± 267 pg/ml in controls (N = 18) (P &lt; 0.0001). TNF-alpha production was increased by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: TNF-alpha; Malnutrition; LPS.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005000200005

Food security and livestock: The case of Latin America and the Caribbean
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Rodríguez,Diego Ignacio; Anríquez,Gustavo; Riveros,José Luis.
The main hurdle to achieving food security in Latin America and the Caribbean is the inability of many poor families to access the foods necessary for a healthy diet, in a context in which food prices and family incomes are fundamental determinants. Animal husbandry plays a key role in the food security of the region, providing products rich in high-quality proteins and micronutrients and is vital for millions of households that depend on livestock for their livelihoods to generate income and have access to basic services. Furthermore, the production and trade of livestock products contributes to the stabilization of the food supply, acting as a buffer during economic crises and disasters both at the individual and community levels. Small farm agriculture...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Food policies; Food security; Latin America; Livestock; Malnutrition; Rural livelihood; Small farm agriculture.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100001