Consulta: subjectFacets:"Networks"
Registros recuperados: 58
Data/hora: 09/06/2024 11:28:14

Legitimacy, Adaptation, and Resilience in Ecosystem Management
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cosens, Barbara A; University of Idaho College of Law; bcosens@uidaho.edu.
Ecologists have made great strides in developing criteria for describing the resilience of an ecological system.  In addition, expansion of that effort to social-ecological systems has begun the process of identifying changes to the social system necessary to foster resilience in an ecological system such as the use of adaptive management and integrated ecosystem management.  However, these changes to governance needed to foster ecosystem resilience will not be adopted by democratic societies without careful attention to their effect on the social system itself.  Delegation of increased flexibility for adaptive management to resource management agencies must include careful attention to assuring that increased flexibility is exercised in a manner that is...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptive governance; Ecosystem management; Law; Legitimacy; Networks; Policy; Resilience.
Ano: 2013

Influencing adaptation processes on the Australian rangelands for social and ecological resilience
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Marshall, Nadine A.; CSIRO, Ecosystem Sciences and Climate Adaptation Flagship; School of Earth and Environment Sciences, James Cook University; nadine.marshall@csiro.au; Stokes, Chris J.; CSIRO, Ecosystem Sciences and Climate Adaptation Flagship; chris.stokes@csiro.au.
Resource users require the capacity to cope and adapt to climate changes affecting resource condition if they, and their industries, are to remain viable. Understanding individual-scale responses to a changing climate will be an important component of designing well-targeted, broad-scale strategies and policies. Because of the interdependencies between people and ecosystems, understanding and supporting resilience of resource-dependent people may be as important an aspect of effective resource management as managing the resilience of ecological components. We refer to the northern Australian rangelands as an example of a system that is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and look for ways to enhance the resilience of the system....
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Livestock industry; Networks; Primary resource industry; Resource dependency; Social resilience; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2014

Learning in Support of Governance: Theories, Methods, and a Framework to Assess How Bridging Organizations Contribute to Adaptive Resource Governance
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Crona, Beatrice I; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; Center for the Study of Institutional Diversity, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA; beatrice.crona@stockholmresilience.su.se; Parker, John N; National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Barrett Honors College, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA; parker@nceas.ucsb.edu.
Humanity faces increasingly intractable environmental problems characterized by high uncertainty, complexity, and swift change. Natural resource governance must therefore involve continuous production and use of new knowledge to adapt to highly complex, rapidly changing social-ecological systems to ensure long-term sustainable development. Bridging and boundary organizations have been proposed as potentially powerful means of achieving these aims by promoting cooperation among actors from the science, policy, and management sectors.  However, despite substantial investments of time, capital, and human resources, little agreement exists about definitions and measures of knowledge production and how this is achieved in bridging organizations and there is...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptive governance; Bridging organizations; Knowledge utilization; Learning; Networks.
Ano: 2012

REDD+ policy networks in Brazil: constraints and opportunities for successful policy making
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Gebara, Maria Fernanda; Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro; Center for International Forestry Research; Department of International Development, LSE; mfgebara@gmail.com; Fatorelli, Leandra;  Sustainability Research Institute, University of Leeds; lfatorelli@gmail.com; May, Peter; Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro; Center for International Forestry Research; peter.may@amazonia.org.br; Zhang, Shaozeng; University of California; zhangs@uci.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Actors; Brazil; Networks; Policy making; REDD+.
Ano: 2014

Theorizing benefits and constraints in collaborative environmental governance: a transdisciplinary social-ecological network approach for empirical investigations
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Robins, Garry; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne; garrylr@unimelb.edu.au; McAllister, Ryan R. J.; CSIRO; ryan.mcallister@csiro.au; Guerrero, Angela M.; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, University of Queensland; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland; a.guerrero@uq.edu.au; Crona, Beatrice; Global Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; beatrice.crona@su.se; Lubell, Mark; Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California at Davis; mnlubell@ucdavis.edu.
When environmental processes cut across socioeconomic boundaries, traditional top-down government approaches struggle to effectively manage and conserve ecosystems. In such cases, governance arrangements that foster multiactor collaboration are needed. The effectiveness of such arrangements, however, depends on how well any ecological interdependencies across governed ecosystems are aligned with patterns of collaboration. This inherent interdisciplinary and complex problem has impeded progress in developing a better understanding of how to govern ecosystems for conservation in an increasingly interconnected world. We argue for the development of empirically informed theories, which are not only able to transcend disciplinary boundaries, but are also...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Collaborative governance; Connectivity; Exponential random graph models (ERGM); Interdisciplinary; Networks; Social-ecological fit; Social-ecological networks; Social-ecological systems.
Ano: 2016

Achieving social-ecological fit through bottom-up collaborative governance: an empirical investigation
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Guerrero, Angela M; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, University of Queensland; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland; a.guerrero@uq.edu.au; McAllister, Ryan R. J.; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation; ryan.mcallister@csiro.au; Wilson, Kerrie A; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, University of Queensland; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland; k.wilson2@uq.edu.au.
Significant benefits can arise from collaborative forms of governance that foster self-organization and flexibility. Likewise, governance systems that fit with the extent and complexity of the system under management are considered essential to our ability to solve environmental problems. However, from an empirical perspective the fundamental question of whether self-organized (bottom-up) collaborative forms of governance are able to accomplish adequate fit is unresolved. We used new theory and methodological approaches underpinned by interdisciplinary network analysis to address this gap by investigating three governance challenges that relate to the problem of fit: shared management of ecological resources, management of interconnected ecological...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Collaborative governance; Exponential Random Graph Modeling; Networks; Problem of fit; Scales; Social-ecological fit; Social-ecological systems.
Ano: 2015

The Influence of Forums and Multilevel Governance on the Climate Adaptation Practices of Australian Organizations
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Bates, Lorraine E.; CSIRO Social and Economic Sciences Program; lbates@iinet.net.au; Green, Melissa; CSIRO Social and Economic Sciences Program; melissa.green@csiro.au; Leonard, Rosemary; CSIRO Social and Economic Sciences Program; rosemary.leonard@csiro.au; Walker, Iain; CSIRO Social and Economic Sciences Program; Iain.A.Walker@csiro.au.
To date, there are few regulations and policies relating to climate change in Australia. Uncertainty about the timing, structure, and potential impact of proposed legislation such as a national carbon abatement scheme, is leading to planning delays across the country. To assist with these policy uncertainties, organizations can embed themselves in multilevel governance frameworks that inform, structure, and facilitate strategic development, planning, and action. As part of these networks, organizational representatives also engage in formal and informal forums, a type of interorganizational relationship, which can include industry task forces, policy development committees, interagency groups, and specific climate change committees. Forums constitute an...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate adaptation; Climate change; Decision making; Forums; Multilevel governance; Networks; Organization.
Ano: 2013

Multiple pathways to sustainability in the city: the case of San Juan, Puerto Rico
Provedor de dados: 7
I examined the multiple visions of the future of the city that can emerge when city actors and organizations reconfigure themselves to address sustainability. In various cities worldwide, novel ideas, initiatives, and networks are emerging in governance to address social and ecological conditions in urban areas. However, cities can be contested spaces, bringing a plurality of actors, network configurations, preferences, and knowledge that shape the politics over desirable pathways for future development. I used the knowledge-action systems analysis (KASA) approach to examine the frames and knowledge systems influencing how different actors involved in the land governance network of the city of San Juan constructed visions for the future of the city....
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Adaptive governance; Frames; Knowledge-action systems; Networks; San Juan; Sustainable pathways; Transformation; Urban social-ecological systems; Visions.
Ano: 2014

The Practice of Transboundary Decision Making on the Incomati River: Elucidating Underlying Factors and their Implications for Institutional Design
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Slinger, Jill H.; Delft University of Technology; j.h.slinger@tudelft.nl; Hilders, Marianne; DHV B.V. (Adviesgroep Water, Natuur en Ruimte); Marianne.Hilders@DHV.nl; Juizo, Dinis; Eduardo Mondlane  University; juizo@hotmail.com.
The Incomati River Basin is shared by Mozambique, South Africa, and Swaziland. In August 2002, the groundbreaking &amp;#8220;Tripartite Interim Agreement on Water Sharing of the Maputo and Incomati Rivers&amp;#8221;  (the IncoMaputo agreement) was signed. Following reports that the use, availability, and adequacy of information posed problems for future decision making on this transboundary river, the Delft University of Technology initiated a 6-month study in 2003 in which 25 southern African researchers and officials were interviewed. The Joint Incomati Basin Study (Phase I from 1992&amp;#8211;1995, and Phase II from 2000&amp;#8211;2001) formed a central component in the investigation, because it was viewed by the parties involved as a successful...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Causal analysis; Decision making; Governance; Information use; Institutions; International water policy; Mozambique; Networks; River-basin management; South Africa; Southern Africa; Swaziland.
Ano: 2010

Networking for conservation: social capital and perceptions of organizational success among land trust boards
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Ruseva, Tatyana B.; Appalachian State University; rusevatb@appstate.edu; Farmer, James R.; Indiana University; jafarmer@indiana.edu; Chancellor, Charles; Clemson University; hchance@clemson.edu.
As an important component in collaborative natural resource management and nonprofit governance, social capital is expected to be related to variations in the performance of land trusts. Land trusts are charitable organizations that work to conserve private land locally, regionally, or nationally.  The purpose of this paper is to identify the level of structural and cognitive social capital among local land trusts, and how these two types of social capital relate to the perceived success of land trusts. The analysis integrates data for land trusts operating in the U.S. south-central Appalachian region, which includes western North Carolina, southwest Virginia, and east Tennessee. We use factor analysis to elicit different dimensions of cognitive social...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Land conservation; Land trusts; Networks; Organizational success; Social capital.
Ano: 2016

New Insights into the Ecology and Physiology of Methanomassiliicoccales from Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cozannet, Marc; Borrel, Guillaume; Roussel, Erwan; Moalic, Yann; Allioux, Maxime; Sanvoisin, Amandine; Toffin, Laurent; Alain, Karine.
Members of the archaeal order Methanomassiliicoccales are methanogens mainly associated with animal digestive tracts. However, environmental members remain poorly characterized as no representatives not associated with a host have been cultivated so far. In this study, metabarcoding screening combined with quantitative PCR analyses on a collection of diverse non-host-associated environmental samples revealed that Methanomassiliicoccales were very scarce in most terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Relative abundance of Methanomassiliicoccales and substrates/products of methanogenesis were monitored during incubation of environmental slurries. A sediment slurry enriched in Methanomassiliicoccales was obtained from a freshwater sample. It allowed the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Methanomassiliicoccales; Cultivation; Methyl-compounds; Environmental cluster; Networks.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00665/77716/79808.pdf

Water quality criteria and monitoring for marine mollusc culture : the French experience
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Berthome, Jean-paul.
The impact of the main parameters of water quality which act on the life history of molluscs are presented. Two types of parameters are examined: the first are the physical-chemical parameters as temperature, salinity, turbidity, oxygen concentrations. They can be modified by perturbations directly related to human activities such as management of physical operations, e.g. constructions of dams, dredging for channels or for extraction of materials. Particular attention is given to inputs of nutrients with as consequences eutrophication and depletion of oxygen causing anoxie conditions. Attention will he focussed on some phytoplankton species like Gyrodinium aurelum which can cause mortalities in mollusc shellfish. The action of the main pollutants...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Networks; Monitoring; Water quality; Molluscs culture.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/publication-3056.pdf

Cournot Competition on a Network of Markets and Firms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ilkilic,   Rahmi.
Suppose markets and firms are connected in a bi-partite network, where firms can only supply to the markets they are connected to. Firms compete a la Cournot and decide how much to supply to each market they have a link with. We assume that markets have linear demand functions and firms have convex quadratic cost functions. We show there exists a unique equilibrium in any given network of firms and markets. We provide a formula which expresses the quantities at an equilibrium as a function of a network centrality measure.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cournot Markets; Networks; Nash Equilibrium; Centrality Measures; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C62; C72; D85; L11.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50679

Expectations, Experiences, Trust in the Case of Short Circuit Food Supply Networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martino,   Gaetano; Fritz,   Melanie.
Farmers Markets are receiving an increasing attention by both food chains actors and social scientists. Economic and sociological studies are contributing to the comprehension of these forms of exchange. Both consumers and producers are fostering their expectations about the renewal of a mode of exchange which sustained local production‐ consumptions linkages. The main economic function of these organizational structures seems to be the reduction of the price paid by the consumers and the enhancements of allocation of farm products. The basic interpretation of these forms of exchange focuses on market structure, nonetheless the exchange relationships seems to emphasize several dimensions, including economic and cultural aspects. The objective of the paper...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farmers Markets; Networks; Trust; Food chains sustainability; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D4.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100592

Disaggregating Mexican Migrant Networks: The Parts are Greater Than the Whole
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Winters,   Paul C.; Stecklov,   Guy; Davis,   Benjamin.
In this paper, we explore the role of social networks in the migration decision focusing on the distinct influence networks have on domestic and international migration. The analysis focuses particular attention on the composition of migrant networks in order to improve our understanding of how network composition influences the migration decision. Using data from rural Mexico, we consider migration in a multiple choice context allowing for the possibility that individuals can migrate within Mexico for agricultural and non-agricultural employment as well as to the United States. Our principle result is that the parts are greater than the whole; using disaggregated measures of social networks highlights the complexity of network effects on migration...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Migration; Networks; Mexico; Network composition; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12952

From Contracts to Networks: New Directions in the Study of Governance of Agro‐Food‐Energy Networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zylbersztajn,   Decio.
The debate about the governance of complex systems of production represents a rich branch of the literature of applied organization theory. The particular application to agro‐related networks is a relevant example since agriculture plays new roles in modern society. The core of the analysis is centered in the rationale for allocation of residual decision rights and distribution of the rights regarding the value created. Contributions based in transaction cost economics, resource‐based view, dynamic competences, and incomplete contract theory explore different dimensions related to the allocation of property rights. The question of how joint strategies are defined, and how value added (or subtracted) is shared among network players is still relevant....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Governance; Networks; Coordination of production; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100479

Supply Chain and Network Performance: Metrics for Profitability, Productivity, and Efficiency
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weaver,   Robert D.
The architecture of the firm involves determination of a boundary that encompasses the functions managed by the firm. The past decade has seen substantial reorganization of firms where vertical or horizontal integration has been unbundled into weaker forms of collaborations including value chains and networks. This observation has forced a re-conceptualization of the boundaries of the firm to incorporate such collaborations. These collaborations are virtual and highly dynamic. They emerge and persist when two conditions are met. First, they must enable generation of greater value than might be attained through independent operation and anonymous transactions through markets. Second, the resulting growth must be shared with members in a way that retains...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Networks; Collaboration; Metrics; Productivity; Efficiency; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59183

Social Responsibility as a Driver for Local Sustainable Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Costantino,   Elena; Marchello,   Maria Paola; Mezzano,   Cecilia.
The increased interconnection among local and global players induced by globalization, as well as the need for a complete application of the “subsidiarity principle”, calls for a re-thinking of the “corporate social responsibility” concept. This new concept broadens the perspective of the single company interacting with its own stakeholders in relation to specific social and environmental impacts, to a network of organizations, with different aims and natures, collaborating on relevant sustainability issues. In this paper, the authors will provide a definition of “Territorial Social Responsibility”, sustaining the multi-stakeholder approach as a driver toward local sustainable development. Firstly, theoretical approaches to sustainable development at the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Local Sustainable Development; Territorial Social Responsibility; Participation; Local Governance; Accountability; Sustainability Reporting; Multi-Stakeholder Approach; Networks; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; M14; O10.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94791

R&amp;D Collaboration Networks in Mixed Oligopoly
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zikos,   Vasileios.
We develop a model of endogenous network formation in order to examine the incentives for R&amp;D collaboration in a mixed oligopoly. Our analysis reveals that the complete network, where each firm collaborates with all others, is uniquely stable, industry-profit maximizing and efficient. This result is in contrast with earlier contributions in private oligopoly where under strong market rivalry a conflict between stable and efficient networks is likely to occur. A key finding of the paper is that state-owned enterprises may be used as policy instruments in tackling the potential conflict between individual and collective incentives for R&amp;D collaboration.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Networks; R&amp;D Collaboration; Mixed Oligopoly; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C70; L13; L20; L31; L32; O31; D85.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6228

Supply Chain and Network Performance: Metrics for Profitability, Productivity, and Efficiency
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weaver,   Robert D.
The architecture of the firm involves determination of a boundary that encompasses the functions managed by the firm. The past decade has seen substantial reorganization of firms where vertical or horizontal integration has been unbundled into weaker forms of collaborations including value chains and networks. This observation has forced a re‐conceptualization of the boundaries of the firm to incorporate such collaborations. These collaborations are virtual and highly dynamic. They emerge and persist when two conditions are met. First, they must enable generation of greater value than might be attained through independent operation and anonymous transactions through markets. Second, the resulting growth must be shared with members in a way that retains...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Networks; Collaboration; Metrics; Productivity; Efficiency; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91142

Mission Impossible? Lessons on Vertical Collaboration in Ukraine
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gagalyuk,   Taras; Hanf,   Jon Henrich.
Nowadays food products are produced in vertically collaborating networks. The questions of how such chain networks have to be designed and which governance structure fits best have been addressed in several well known articles. However, questions dealing with chain strategy and management are not discussed satisfyingly. Neither is the understanding of what is success of chain management distinguished. A comprehension of these aspects can have crucial implications for the agribusiness of transition countries. Thus, we will address these questions with regard to Ukraine.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agri-food business; Networks; Chain management.; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7819

Defining an Agribusiness Strategic Agenda for 2010-2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Neves,   Marcos Fava; Scare,   Roberto Fava.
www.ifama.org
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Networks; Sustainability; Supply chains; Marketing; Agribusiness; Agenda; Agribusiness; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93342

Gender, Networks and Mexico-U.S. Migration
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Winters,   Paul C.; Davis,   Benjamin.
In this paper, we examine whether the causes and patterns of Mexican rural female migration differ significantly from rural male migration. A number of hypotheses are discussed to explain why female migration may differ from male migration, with a particular emphasis on the role of migrant networks. Using data from a national survey of rural Mexican households in the ejido sector, significant differences between the determinants of male and female migration are found. While evidence suggests that networks play an important role in female migration, we find that, contrary to case study evidence, female networks are not more influential than male networks in female migration. In fact, female and male networks are found to be substitutes, suggesting they...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Migration; Networks; Gender; Mexico; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12901

COMÉRCIO JUSTO INTERNACIONAL: O CASO DO SUCO DE LARANJA ENTRE O BRASIL E A FRANÇA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Machado,   Melise Dantas; Paulillo,   Luiz Fernando; Lambert,   Annie.
This paper is a preliminary analysis of the governance structure of the faire trade of orange juice between Brazil and France. Fair trade is an organizational field composed of complex organizational networks that maintain relations of mutual dependence and share the same values system. As fair trade is a subject that has received relatively little study and presents many particularities, an exploratory study was considered appropriate. Primary and secondary data were collected. In the case of the trade of orange juice between Brazil and France, two commercial networks were identified. The integrated network is constituted by professionals who specialize in fair trade, while the certified network includes more conventional commercial organizations, such as...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Transaction costs; Governance structures; Networks; Fair trade; Orange juice.; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61719

STRUCTURE, BEHAVIOR, AND MARKET POWER IN AN EVOLUTIONARY LABOR MARKET WITH ADAPTIVE SEARCH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tesfatsion,   Leigh.
This study uses an agent-based computational labor market framework to undertake a systematic experimental investigation of the relationship between job capacity, job concentration, and market power.  Job capacity is measured by the ratio of total potential job openings to total potential work offers, and job concentration is measured by the ratio of work suppliers to employers.  For each setting of the capacity and concentration treatment factors, work suppliers and employers repeatedly seek preferred worksite partners based on continually updated expected utility, engage in efficiency-wage worksite interactions modelled as prisoner's dilemma games, and evolve their worksite behaviors over time.  The main finding is that job capacity consistently trumps...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Labor market dynamics; Market power; Job capacity; Job concentration; Adaptive search; Networks; Endogenous interactions; Agent-based computational economics; Evolutionary game; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18197

Regional networking as a competitive advantage? Empirical results from German pig production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Deimel,   Mark; Plumeyer,   Cord-Herwig; Theuvsen,   Ludwig; Ebbeskotte,   Christof.
It is often hypothesized that geographical proximity in clusters (or industry districts) has positive effects on access to information and knowledge and on firm competitiveness. We present one of the first empirical tests of this hypothesis in the context of the European agribusiness sector. A large-scale empirical study was conducted in the northwestern part of Germany, which is one of Europe’s leading pig production regions. The results of the farmer survey show that the cluster in north-western Germany provides good structural preconditions for the comprehensive network participation of pig farmers. Additional analyses show that farmers’ network participation has positive effects on access to information, their perceived level of informedness and the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Networks; Information exchange; Competitiveness; Clusters; Pig production.; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58003

The impacts of mobile phone coverage expansion and personal networks on migration: evidence from Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muto,   Megumi.
Personal networks can help rural workers find urban jobs. Moreover, when the information flow increases due to the mobile phone coverage expansion, the new information flow may strengthen the existing personal networks or bypass them, helping those who were previously outside the networks in the latter case. We examine the combined impact of mobile phone coverage expansion and personal networks by using panel data of 856 households in 94 communities in rural Uganda, where the number of communities covered by mobile phone coverage increased from 41 to 87 communities over a two-year period between first and second surveys in 2003 and 2005, respectively. We first find that, when the household head’s ethnicity belongs to a larger ethnic group in Kampala, an...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Africa; Networks; Information; Migrants; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; J21; J61; O15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51898

Do Social Relations Affect Economic Welfare? A Microeconomic Empirical Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Antoni,   Giacomo Degli.
Over the last few years, many studies have shown that social networks affect the socioeconomic development. This paper presents evidence, through the Italian microdata representative of the entire Italian population, that the quality and quantity of interpersonal relations of agents can increase their economic welfare. Two proxies of interpersonal relations at an individual level are considered: a proxy for the density and one for the quality of network structure of personal contacts. Both seem to have a positive effect on the level of household economic welfare of agents. This result proves robust to the inclusion of a variety of control variables and to the use of different econometric methods.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Networks; Social Interactions; Household Economic Welfare; Microdata; Fuzzy Logic; Labor and Human Capital; D10; Z13.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9330

UNDERSTANDING THE DEMAND SIDE AND COORDINATING THE SUPPLY SIDE FOR CONNECTED GOODS AND SERVICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ladegard,   Gro; Romstad,   Eirik.
paper from plenary session
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Regional development; Multifunctionality; Municipalities; Demand; Coordination; Networks; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57335

Regional Food Clusters and Government Support for Clustering: Evidence for a ‘Dynamic Food Innovation Cluster’ in Alberta, Canada?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Steiner,   Bodo E.; Ali,   Jolene.
This paper analyzes government support for networking and regional cluster growth in the food sector. It is, to the best of our knowledge, the first paper to provide a literature review of studies on regional food clusters, focusing on key features that characterize successful regional food clusters. The review compares key characteristics of such clusters with characteristics of clusters from other industrial sectors. The insights from these studies on clustering success and the role of government are contrasted with empirical evidence on government support for clustering in the Canadian food sector, specifically in the province of Alberta. The empirical evidence is based on two small industry surveys, one conducted in March 2005, and the second in August...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Location-based clustering; Food clusters; Networks; Innovation; Government support; Alberta; Canada; Industrial Organization; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; R11; L32; L38; O32; O38; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99705

Network of Commons
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ylkilic,   Rahmi.
A tragedy of the commons appears when the users of a common resource have incentives to exploit it more than the socially efficient level. We analyze the situation when the tragedy of the commons is embedded in a network of users and sources. Users play a game of extractions, where they decide how much resource to draw from each source they are connected to. We show that if the value of the resource to the users is linear, then each resource exhibits an isolated problem. There exists a unique equilibrium. But when the users have concave values, the network structure matters. The exploitation at each source depends on the centrality of the links connecting the source to the users. The equilibrium is unique and we provide a formula which expresses the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Tragedy of the Commons; Networks; Nash Equilibrium; Efficiency; Centrality Measures; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C62; C72; D85; Q20.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6221

THE ROLE OF THE EUROPEAN RESEARCH NETWORKS IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Voicilas,   Dan Marius; Cvijanovic,   Gorica; Mijajlovic,   Nada.
The present paper intends to present “a short history” of a young research network established a few years ago. The network has already a European cover and impact. Its activity was very intense and the results over expectations. Moreover, the cohesion among members makes possible the development of the activity for the future. By this article we want to give an example of a “good practice” in this field. Could be an example for other networks, institutes, research centres and researcher of how an idea can become reality.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Europe; Networks; Rural Development; Experience; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57402

Innovation systems perspectives on developing-country agriculture: a critical review
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Spielman,   David J.
Published as Spielman, David J. 2006. A critique of innovation systems perspectives on agricultural research in developing countries. Innovation Strategy Today 2(1): 41-54. Ithaca, NY: bioDevelopments International Institute.; Published as Spielman, David J. 2006. Systems of innovation: models, methods, and future directions. Innovation Strategy Today 2(1): 55-66. Ithaca, NY: bioDevelopments International Institute.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Agricultural research; Technological innovation; Cooperation; Networks; Game theory; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59692

Social Capital and the Food System: Some Evidences from Empirical Research
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sodano,   Valeria; Verneau,   Fabio.
The paper stresses that in order to understand the current re-organizational processes in the food system, two kinds of social capital should be taken into account, trust and network-based social capital. Stemming from a case study, concerning the Italian processing tomato industry, it demonstrates that while trust seems to enhance social welfare, by reducing transaction costs and promoting cooperative behavior, network-based social capital mainly affects firm competitive behavior, with unpredictable effects on social welfare.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social capital; Trust; Networks; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7764

How Homophily Affects Learning and Diffusion in Networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Golub,   Benjamin; Jackson,   Matthew O.
We examine how three different communication processes operating through social networks are affected by homophily - the tendency of individuals to associate with others similar to themselves. Homophily has no effect if messages are broadcast or sent via shortest paths; only connection density matters. In contrast, homophily substantially slows learning based on repeated averaging of neighbors' information and Markovian diffusion processes such as the Google random surfer model. Indeed, the latter processes are strongly affected by homophily but completely independent of connection density, provided this density exceeds a low threshold. We obtain these results by establishing new results on the spectra of large random graphs and relating the spectra to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Networks; Learning; Diffusion; Homophily; Friendships; Social Networks; Random Graphs; Mixing Time; Convergence; Speed of Learning; Speed of Convergence; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; D83; D85; I21; J15; Z13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50718

(Anti-) Coordination in Networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kovarik,   Jaromir; Mengel,   Friederike; Romero,   Jose Gabriel.
We study (anti-) coordination problems in networks in a laboratory experiment. Partici- pants interact with their neighbours in a fixed network to play a bilateral (anti-) coordination game. Our main treatment variable is the extent to which players are heterogeneous in the number of connections (neighbors) they have. Other network characteristics are held constant across treatments. We find the following results. Heterogeneity in the number of connections dramatically improves the rate of successful coordination. In addition, even though there is a multiplicity of Nash equilibria theoretically, a very sharp selection is observed empirically: the most connected player can impose her preferred Nash equilibrium almost always and observed Nash equilibria are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Game Theory; Networks; Coordination Problems; Experiments; Risk and Uncertainty; C72; C90; C91; D85.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61370

The Sustainability of Intensive Livestock Areas (ILAS): Network System and Conflict Potential from the Perspective of Animal Farmers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Otten,   Dennis; van den Weghe,   Herman F.A.
The present study has determined the perceived consequences of an ILA on the production conditions of livestock farming systems based on the advantages of an agglomerated agri-food industry and the disadvantages of an increasing livestock concentration. It became obvious that the benefits of such ILAs can be understood according to their human and social capital. These elements, however, are both associated with a low geographic responsiveness to any increase in problems and so cause land use conflicts to increase. Their perception of the effects of being located within an ILA caused the livestock farmers in this survey to consider their production conditions more when formulating their demands with respect to policies concerning regional development and...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Livestock; Networks; Conflict potential; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121844

The Importance of Social Capital in Colombian Rural Agro-Enterprises
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   Nancy L.; Suarez,   Ruth; Lundy,   Mark.
This paper characterizes and measures the contribution of social capital to the performance of 50 agroenterprises in Colombia. Using qualitative analysis we document how social capital performs a variety of functions in firms, including providing access information via networks of contacts, reducing transactions costs in contracting via trust, and sustaining capacity for collective action. To estimate social capital's contribution to firm structure and performance, quantitative indicators of firm-level use of social capital are developed based on the number and strength of relationships that firms maintain. Econometric analysis finds that firm-level returns to relationships are high, higher than to physical or human capital. The results suggests that while...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Social capital; Collective action; Institutions; Colombia; Agroenterprises; Networks; Agribusiness; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50059

Contractually Stable Networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caulier,   Jean-Francois; Mauleon,   Ana; Vannetelbosch,   Vincent.
We develop a theoretical framework that allows us to study which bilateral links and coalition structures are going to emerge at equilibrium. We define the notion of coalitional network to represent a network and a coalition structure, where the network specifies the nature of the relationship each individual has with his coalition members and with individuals outside his coalition. To predict the coalitional networks that are going to emerge at equilibrium we propose the concept of contractual stability which requires that any change made to the coalitional network needs the consent of both the deviating players and their original coalition partners. We show that there always exists a contractually stable coalitional network under the simple majority...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Networks; Coalition Structures; Contractual Stability; Allocation Rules; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; A14; C70.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52343

Marketing via Friends: Strategic Diffusion of Information in Social Networks with Homophily
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chuhay,   Roman.
The paper studies the impact of homophily on the optimal strategies of a monopolist, whose marketing campaign of new product relies on a word of mouth communication. Homophily is a tendency of people to interact more with those who are similar to them. In the model there are two types of consumers embedded into a social network, which differ in friendship preferences and desirable design of product. Consumers can learn about the product directly from an advertisement or from their neighbors. The monopolist chooses the product design and price to influence a pattern of communication among consumers. We  find a number of results: (i) for low levels of homophily the product attractive to both types of consumers is preferred to specialized products; (ii) the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Networks; Word of Mouth; Viral Marketing; Homophily; Diffusion; Social Networks; Random Graphs; Monopoly; Pricing Strategy; Product Design; Marketing; Advertisement; Environmental Economics and Policy; D21; D42; D60; D83; L11; L12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96667

Under-connected and Over-connected Networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Buechel,   Berno; Hellmann,   Tim.
Since the seminal contribution of Jackson &amp; Wolinsky 1996 [A Strategic Model of Social and Economic Networks, JET 71, 44-74] it has been widely acknowledged that the formation of social networks exhibits a general conflict between individual strategic behavior and collective outcome. What has not been studied systematically are the sources of inefficiency. We approach this omission by analyzing the role of positive and negative externalities of link formation. This yields general results that relate situations of positive externalities with stable networks that cannot be “too dense” in a well-defined sense, while situations with negative externalities tend to induce “too dense” networks.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Networks; Network Formation; Connections; Game Theory; Externalities; Spillovers; Stability; Efficiency; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; D85; C72; L14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50728

Valuation of  Agricultural Weather Information Networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Al Hassan,   Mohammed; Mullen,   Jeffrey D.; Hoogenboom,   Gerrit.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Weather Information; Networks; Irrigation; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60910

FAMILY AND COMMUNITY NETWORKS IN MEXICO-U.S. MIGRATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Winters,   Paul C.; de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth.
A household's decision to send migrants is based on information the household has on the expected returns and the costs of migration.  Information on migration flows from both family migrant networks and community migrant networks. Direct assistance - in the form of money, housing, transportation, and food - is often provided to migrants by these networks, thus reducing the costs of migration.  Using data from a national survey of rural Mexican households, we show the importance of networks in both the decision to migrate and the level of migration. We find that community and family networks are substitutes in the production of information and assistance suggesting that, once migration is well established in a community, family networks become less...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Migration; Networks; Mexico; Consumer/Household Economics; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12907

The Partnership and Network Strategy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Clark,   Richard A.
The theory and practice of sustainable improvement and innovation partnerships and networks design and management can be enhanced in agricultural industries. The BPP project can contribute to enhanced real-world practices, and the research and development of better mechanisms, for the design and management of innovation partnerships and networks. The Partnership and Network Strategy is designed to accelerate the rate, scale and impact of valuable improvements and innovations in the beef industry by involving key players in the industry and ensuring support for all partners.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Partnerships; Networks; Clusters; Networking; Support; Dissemination; Diffusion; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122183

Stochastic Stability in the Best Shot Game
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boncinelli,   Leonardo; Pin,   Paolo.
The best shot game applied to networks is a discrete model of many processes of contribution to local public goods. It has generally a wide multiplicity of equilibria that we refine through stochastic stability. In this paper we show that, depending on how we define perturbations, i.e. the possible mistakes that agents can make, we can obtain very different sets of stochastically stable equilibria. In particular and non-trivially, if we assume that the only possible source of error is that of an agent contributing that stops doing so, then the only stochastically stable equilibria are those in which the maximal number of players contributes.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Networks; Best Shot Game; Stochastic Stability; Environmental Economics and Policy; C72; C73; D85; H41.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96840

Optimal Equilibria of the Best Shot Game
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dall'Asta,   Luca; Pin,   Paolo; Ramezanpour,   Abolfazl.
We consider any network environment in which the “best shot game” is played. This is the case where the possible actions are only two for every node (0 and 1), and the best response for a node is 1 if and only if all her neighbors play 0. A natural application of the model is one in which the action 1 is the purchase of a good, which is locally a public good, in the sense that it will be available also to neighbors. This game will typically exhibit a great multiplicity of equilibria. Imagine a social planner whose scope is to find an optimal equilibrium, i.e. one in which the number of nodes playing 1 is minimal. To find such an equilibrium is a very hard task for any non-trivial network architecture. We propose an implementable mechanism that, in the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Networks; Best Shot Game; Simulated Annealing; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C61; C63; D85; H41.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50684

The changing federated relationship between local and regional cooperatives
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hogeland,   Julie A.
The evolution of the federated relationship between local and regional cooperatives is examined from the perspective of local cooperatives’ need for commodity-based farm supplies and regional cooperatives’ identity as food companies. Because locals want many competing bids for the supplies they purchase, they resist a strong and close affiliation with regional cooperatives, which then find themselves with excess capacity. Regionals have responded by instituting tighter bonds with selected local cooperatives operating as "internal supply networks," in exchange for certain benefits. This adaptation reduces the impact of divergent goals among regionals and locals within the federated system.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Cooperatives; Federation; Networks; Competition; Regionalization.; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44645

Too Connected to Fail: The Effect of Alliance Network Structure on Farm Survival
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kirwan,   Barrett E.; Martens,   Andrea.
Exogenous, unobserved factors often confound the effects of alliance networks.  More capable farmers might be less likely to exit and more likely to have a large number of alliances.  In this case the negative correlation between alliance network size and exit likelihood is due to the unobserved confounder--farmer ability--not the effect of network size on exit likelihood. Recognizing the endogeneity of alliance network size when determining a farm’s survival likelihood, we employ an empirical model that accounts for the bias caused by unobserved effects. We account for time-invariant unobserved effects with individual fixed effects.  We control for county-level confounding factors with a time-varying county effect. Finally, we address unobserved,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Networks; Alliances; Agriculture; Policy; Organizational structure; Industrial organization; Finance; Entrepreneurship; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty; L1; L14; L26; Q1; Q14; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103573

Spying in Multi-market Oligopolies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Billand,   Pascal; Bravard,   Christophe; Chakrabarti,   Subhadip; Sarangi,   Sudipta.
We consider a multimarket framework where a set of firms compete on two interrelated oligopolistic markets. Prior to competing in these markets, firms can spy on others in order to increase the quality of their product. We characterize the equilibrium espionage networks and networks that maximize social welfare under the most interesting scenario of diseconomies of scope. We find that in some situations firms may refrain from spying even if it is costless. Moreover, even though spying leads to increased product quality, there exist situations where it is detrimental to both consumer welfare and social welfare.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Oligopoly; Multimarket; Networks; Environmental Economics and Policy; C70; L13; L20.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96632

REFLEXÕES SOBRE OS FATORES RELEVANTES NO NASCIMENTO E NO CRESCIMENTO DE REDES DE NEGÓCIOS NA AGROPECUÁRIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Giglio,   Ernesto Michelangelo; Rimoli,   Celso Augusto; Silva,   Ralph dos Santos.
This paper discusses the conditions of birth and growth of business networks in the veterinary drugs sector based on Brazilian examples examined by the authors. The beginnings of business networks are approached from two paradigms, one advocating the idea that the birth and growth of networks depend on some variables’ historical processes which define social networks, such as trust, cooperation and commitment, and another postulating that these attributes are not necessary for the formation of networks, it being sufficient to have only consistent economic expectations and a proper agreement. The aim of this paper was to assess which of the two network paradigms (the social paradigm and the business paradigm) best explains the birth of two networks in the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Networks; Social relationships; Agroindustry; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60716

UNDERSTANDING THE DEMAND SIDE AND COORDINATING THE SUPPLY SIDE FOR CONNECTED GOODS AND SERVICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ladegard,   Gro; Romstad,   Eirik.
This paper addresses the coordination and innovation issues needed for promoting value added at the rural and regional level. There are two sides to value added: the ability to meet consumer demand, and to identify least cost ways of supplying the demanded goods. Human and social capital plays an important role on both sides. At the municipality level the supply side issues are complex. First, because the production space has far more dimensions than for the single entrepreneur. Second, because the value of some goods and services produced depend on what other goods and services that is available. On the supply side networks are important to solve the coordination issues, while networks for identifying and understanding consumer preferences are important...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Regional development; Multifunctionality; Municipalities; Demand; Coordination; Networks; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91107

Short Food Supply Networks: Expectations, Experiences, Trust in the Case of Farmers Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fritz,   Melanie; Martino,   Gaetano.
Farmers Markets are receiving an increasing attention by both food chains actors and social scientists. Economic and sociological studies are contributing to the comprehension of these forms of exchange. Both consumers and producers are fostering their expectations about the renewal of a mode of exchange which sustained local production-consumptions linkages. The main economic function of these organizational structures seems to be the reduction of the price paid by the consumers and the enhancements of allocation of farm products. The basic interpretation of these forms of exchange focuses on market structure, nonetheless the exchange relationships seem to emphasize several dimensions, including economic and cultural aspects. The objective of the paper is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farmers Markets; Networks; Trust; Food chains sustainability; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Risk and Uncertainty; D4.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59192

Collective Action and Vulnerability: Burial Societies in Rural Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dercon,   Stefan; Hoddinott,   John; Krishnan,   Pramila; Woldehanna,   Tassew.
Collective action can help individuals, groups, and communities achieve common goals, thus contributing to poverty reduction. Drawing on longitudinal household and qualitative community data, the authors examine the impact of shocks on household living standards, study the correlates of participation in groups and formal and informal networks, and discuss the relationship of networks with access to other forms of capital. In this context, they assess how one form of collective action, iddir, or burial societies, help households attenuate the impact of illness. They find that iddir effectively deal with problems of asymmetric information by restricting membership geographically, imposing a membership fee, and conducting checks on how the funds were spent....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Collective action; Burial societies; Shocks; Vulnerability; Poverty; Networks; Ethiopia; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44356

The Research Programme "Networks in Livestock Farming" as a Means of Promoting Innovation in Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van der Kroon,   Sandra M.A.; Zaalmink,   Wim; Geerling-Eiff,   F.A.; de Grip,   K.; Hubeek,   Francisca B.; Leeuwis,   C.; Wielinga,   H.E.; van Wijk-Jansen,   Elvi E.C.
Since the privatization of the agricultural extension service in the Netherlands and the need for a more market oriented approach, the agricultural innovation system "REE" (from Research through Extension and Education to farmers), no longer seems to provide a suitable response to the complex social changes faced by the agricultural sector. The research programme "Networks in Livestock Farming" can be seen as an experiment aimed at giving a new shape to the interaction between practice, research and policy and thus increasing the self-solving ability of farmers and encouraging innovation in livestock farming in the Netherlands. In 2004, 50 networks of livestock farmers were facilitated by 35 project directors from Wageningen University and Research Center...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Networks; Knowledge generation; Sustainable innovations; Facilitation; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24248

REDE DE SEGURANCA ALIMENTAR DE FORTE COESAO SOCIAL, A PARTIR DO PROGRAMA DE AQUISICAO DE ALIMENTOS (PAA) NO MUNICÍPIO DE ARARAQUARA-SP
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Moraes Camargo Almeida,   Luiz Manoel; Ferrante,   Vera Botta; Paulillo,   Luiz Fernando.
This paper presents a case of arrangement of a network of strong social cohesion linked to local food security programs in Araraquara, a municipality in Sao Paulo state countryside and one of the pioneers in launching public policy in such a dimension. The overall objective of this work is to show the main efficiencies and institutional and organizational obstacles encountered in the core network that has been formed in that county. A key finding is that in that municipality of midsize and relevant generation of wealth for the state of São Paulo, there are small family farmers composing a network of local food security policy that has as a tool to foster the EAP (Acquisition Program Food) from the federal government. This will be demonstrated through an...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Segurança alimentar local; Agricultura familiar; Redes; Programas municipais; Local food security; Family agriculture; Networks; Municipal programs; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102028

EFEITO DO FAIR TRADE NA COOPERATVA DE AGRICULTORES FAMILIARES DE CAFÉ DE POÇO FUNDO, MG
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oliveira,   Renato Ferreira de; Araujo,   Uajara Pessoa; Santos,   Antonio Carlos dos.
Fair trade is a commercial practice that aims to help small farmers in underdeveloped countries through mechanisms that can modify the supply chain. This paper, through exploratory, quantitative and transversal research, tries to investigate this structuring effect of fair trade on the productive nodule of the chain, examining the cohesion caused by this intervention on a small Cooperative of Coffee Family Farmers (organic and conventional SAT-no agro toxic substances used in production) in Poço Fundo in the state of Minas Gerais. The social network and supply chain perspectives, suported by Granovetter’s embeddeness theory, were used to analyze the information surveyed. Although a high degree of cohesion was observed, there were also some hints of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Fair Trade; Organic coffee; Supply chain; Networks; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60705

Partitioning of seed dispersal services between birds and bats in a fragment of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Provedor de dados: 103
Autores: Sarmento,Raissa; Alves-Costa,Cecília P.; Ayub,Adriana; Mello,Marco A.R.
Community-level network studies suggest that seed dispersal networks may share some universal properties with other complex systems. However, most of the datasets used so far in those studies have been strongly biased towards temperate birds, including not only dispersers, but also seed predators. Recent evidence from multi-taxon networks suggests that seed dispersal networks are not all alike and may be more complex than previously thought. Here, we used network theory to evaluate seed dispersal in a strongly impacted Atlantic Forest fragment in northeastern Brazil, where bats and birds are the only extant dispersers. We hypothesized that the seed dispersal network should be more modular then nested, and that the dispersers should segregate their services...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diet overlap; Frugivory; Modularity; Nestedness; Networks.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702014000300006

The positive moderating effect of absorptive capacity on R&amp;amp;D investment: the case of Argentina’s ict firms
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: AGRAMUNT,LUIS FELIPE; BERBEL-PINEDA,JUAN M.
Abstract The model analyzes the positive moderating role of absorptive capacity (ACAP) in the innovative outcomes of the firms. It focuses on ACAP as a moderating variable of the innovative efforts that firms develop or have the chance of incorporating from outside and not just as an antecedent of the innovation results. The empirical evidence collected comes from a study conducted on 189 SMEs working in IT services in Argentina and the results prove the main hypothesis of how ACAP is a positive moderating factor of the innovative effort of firms, even in the case of the connections created by their the participation in international networks not having a high correlation. Some suggestions for policymaker managers and future lines of research are provided.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Absorptive capacity; Innovation; Internationalization; Networks; Innovative result.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652018000603207