Consulta: subjectFacets:"Offsets"
Registros recuperados: 14
Data/hora: 08/06/2024 14:24:00

Linking Reduced Deforestation and a Global Carbon Market: Impacts on Costs, Financial Flows, and Technological Innovation
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Bosetti,   Valentina; Lubowski,   Ruben N.; Golub,   Alexander; Markandya,   Anil.
Discussions over tropical deforestation are currently at the forefront of climate change policy negotiations at national, regional, and international levels.  This paper analyzes the effects of linking Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) to a global market for greenhouse gas emission reductions.  We supplement a global climate-energy-economy model with alternative cost estimates for reducing deforestation emissions in order to examine a global program for stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations at 550 ppmv of CO2 equivalent.  Introducing REDD reduces global forestry emissions through 2050 by 20-22% in the Brazil-only case and by 64-88% in the global REDD scenarios.  At the same time, REDD lowers the total costs of the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon market; Climate change; Innovation; Mitigation; Policy costs; Offsets; Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD); Technological change; Tropical deforestation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q24; Q42; Q52; Q54; Q55.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52544

The Viability of Creating Wetlands for the Sale of Carbon Offsets
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Hansen,   LeRoy T.
This analysis estimates the profitability of restoring wetlands for the sale of carbon offsets. Results indicate that about 7% to 12% of the recently restored grassed wetlands of the prairie pothole and high plains regions and 20% to 35% of the forested wetlands of the Mississippi alluvial valley and Gulf-Atlantic coastal flats regions could have carbon offset values that exceed the cost of restoring the wetland and the opportunity cost of moving the land out of agricultural production. Given the uncertainties, the analysis applies conservative estimates of wetlands’ costs, offset prices, and wetlands’ effects on greenhouse gases.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Carbon markets; Carbon sequestration; Offsets; Wetland restoration; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54551

Green House Gases and Carbon Trading
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Massey,   Raymond E.
Presented to USDA Economists Group, Washington DC, May 27, 2009
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cap and trade; Agriculture; Offsets; Credits; Sequestration; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50493

Optimizing Voluntary Deforestation Policy in the Face of Adverse Selection and Costly Transfers
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: van Benthem,   Arthur A.; Kerr,   Suzi.
As part of international climate change policy, voluntary opt-in programs to reduce emissions in unregulated sectors or countries have spurred considerable discussion. Since any regulator will make errors in predicting baselines, adverse selection will reduce efficiency since participants will self-select into the program. In contrast, pure subsidies lead to full participation but require large financial transfers; this is a particular challenge across countries. A global social planner facing costless transfers would choose such a subsidy to maximize efficiency. However, any actual policy needs to be individually rational for both the buying (industrialized) and selling (developing) country. We present a simple model to analyze this trade-off between...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Voluntary opt-in; Adverse selection; Deforestation; Offsets; Emissions trading; REDD; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q54; Q56.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96813

An analysis of the spatial and temporal patterns of greenhouse gas emissions by agriculture in Western Australia and the opportunities for agroforestry offsets
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Kingwell,   Ross S.; Harris-Adams,   Keely.
If agriculture is included in an Australian emissions trading scheme then it may face from 2015 at the earliest, a price for its greenhouse gas emissions; and thereby have incentives to offset and lessen its emissions. Yet because there is currently little understanding of the spatial pattern of emissions in agricultural regions of Australia, the extent of the challenge the sector faces in reducing its emissions is not fully recognised. To improve our understanding, this study uses the National Greenhouse Accounts methodology to estimate the spatial and temporal patterns of agricultural emissions since 1990 in the key agricultural region in Australia’s southwest. This region generates almost 40 percent of the nation’s winter crop production and supports...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gas emissions; Spatial analysis; Agriculture; Offsets; Sequestration.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48161

Offsetting with Salinity Credits: An Alternative to Irrigation Zoning
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Spencer,   Thomas; Ancev,   Tihomir.
Irrigation induced salinity is a serious problem in many countries around the world. In Australia, this type of salinity is most pronounced in the valley of the River Murray in South Australia. Location of irrigation enterprises has been identified as a key factor that needs to be taken into account by policies aimed at mitigating salinity. This article compares and contrasts two such policies: an irrigation zoning policy, where new irrigation enterprises are only allowed in low salinity impact zones, and an offsetting with salinity credits policy, where new irrigation enterprises can locate in high salinity impact zones, provided they offset their salinity impact with salinity credits. Key findings are that the offsetting policy will be both less costly...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Irrigation; Least-cost; Offsets; Salinity; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q18; Q25; Q50.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25517

Bigger is Better: Avoided Deforestation Offsets in the Face of Adverse Selection
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: van Benthem,   Arthur A.; Kerr,   Suzi.
Voluntary opt-in programs to reduce emissions in unregulated sectors or countries have spurred considerable discussion. Since any regulator will make errors in predicting baselines and participants will self-select into the program, adverse selection will reduce efficiency and possibly environmental integrity. In contrast, pure subsidies lead to full participation but require large financial transfers. We present a simple model to analyze this trade-off between adverse selection and infra-marginal transfers. We find that increasing the scale of voluntary programs both improves efficiency and reduces transfers. We show that discounting (paying less than full value for offsets) is inefficient and cannot be used to reduce the fraction of offsets that are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Deforestation; Offsets; Adverse selection; REDD; Climate change policy; Opt-in.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100569

Project-Based Mechanisms for Emissions Reductions: Balancing Trade-offs with Baselines
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Fischer,   Carolyn.
Project-based mechanisms for emissions reductions credits, like the Clean Development Mechanism, pose important challenges for policy design because of several inherent characteristics. Participation is voluntary, so it will not occur without sufficient credits. Evaluating reductions requires assigning an emissions baseline for a counterfactual that cannot be measured. Some investments have both economic and environmental benefits and might occur anyway. Uncertainty surrounds both emissions and investment returns, and parties to the project are likely to have more information than the certifying authority. The certifying agent is limited in its ability to design a contract that would reveal investment intentions. As a result, rules for benchmarking...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate policy; Clean Development Mechanism; Baselines; Asymmetric information; Offsets; Emissions reduction; Tradable emissions permits; Environmental Economics and Policy; D8; Q4.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10836

Offsets the Queensland Way Development of the Queensland Government Environmental Offsets Policy
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Driml,   Sally; Clouston,   Beth; Bortman,   Amy.
The Queensland Government Environmental Offsets Policy provides an overarching framework for environmental offsets in Queensland. The policy provides a consistent and transparent approach to the use of offsets. It contains principles and guidelines for developing and applying more detailed ‘specific-issue’ policies for offsetting important environmental values such as vegetation or fish habitats. Currently, offsets use in Queensland can be characterised as a compliance mechanism as they are required to meet development conditions. Developers will face higher costs if they need an offset and this provides a greater incentive to avoid and minimise impacts on areas with significant environmental values. The paper canvasses opportunities to now move to develop...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environment; Offsets; Policy; Market based instruments.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48378

Using Environmental Offsets in Wetlands Management
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Duncan,   Roderick; Morrison,   Mark.
Environmental offsets have been proposed as a technique for managing the environmental impacts of new developments in regions that are not in compliance with environmental standards. By requiring developers to 'offset' any impacts by purchasing 'environmental credits', environmental quality can be maintained or even improved. Environmental offsets have a lot of intuitive appeal, and are being used widely in the USA, Australia and other countries. However there is at present no robust theoretical framework for analyzing the use of offsets, which has led to some of the weaknesses of existing programs and criticisms against the use of offsets. We present an economic model for designing offset programs that is based on identifying and valuing environmental...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Offsets; Market-based instruments; Efficiency; Distribution; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6041

An Evaluation of Nutrient Trading Options in Virginia: A Role for Agriculture?
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Stephenson,   Kurt; Aultman,   Stephen; Metcalfe,   Todd; Miller,   Alex.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water Quality Trading; Offsets; Nutrients; Agriculture; BMPs; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46779

Contracting for Impure Public Goods: Carbon Offsets and Additionality
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Mason,   Charles F.; Plantinga,   Andrew J.
Governments contracting with private agents for the provision of an impure public good must contend with agents who would potentially supply the good absent any payments. This additionality problem is centrally important in the use of carbon offsets as part of climate change mitigation. Analyzing optimal contracts for forest carbon sequestration, an important offset category, we conduct a national-scale simulation using results from an econometric model of land-use change. The results indicate that for an increase in forest area of 50 million acres, annual government expenditures with optimal contracts are about $4 billion lower compared than under a uniform subsidy.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon Sequestration; Incentive Contracting; Offsets; Additionality; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; D8; L15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101290

The Cost of Increasing Adoption of Beneficial Nutrient-Management Practices
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Lambert,   Dayton M.; Livingston,   Michael J.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Sands,   Ronald D.; Wechsler,   Seth James.
We estimate the cost of offsets tied to reductions in the use of nitrogen on U.S. cornfields under the proposed American Clean Energy and Security Act.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Offsets; Nitrogen; Corn; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60946

Carbon Sequestration in Agricultural Soils
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wilman,   Elizabeth A.
Although it is common to alternate between till and no-till practices, past research has considered farmers’ tillage options to be limited to the dichotomous choice of whether or not to switch to a long-term no-till regime. This paper expands farmers’ options and models their choices of tillage frequency. Less frequent tilling sequesters more carbon but permits a greater accumulation of weeds, whereas more frequent tilling eliminates weeds but releases carbon (tillage emissions). The timing of tillage balances its marginal benefits and costs. Higher payments from industry or government for atmospheric greenhouse gas reductions will increase marginal cost and reduce tillage frequency. Other key parameters, such as higher rates of tillage emissions or...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Carbon contract; No-till; Offsets; Soil carbon sequestration; Tillage frequency.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/105535