Consulta: subjectFacets:"Predation"
Registros recuperados: 134
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 01:25:02

Response to: &amp;#8216;Should Ecosystem Management Involve Active Control of Species Abundances?&amp;#8217;
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Harron, Don E.; ; dharron@skyweb.ca.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Response
Palavras-chave: Model; Moose; Predation; Wolves; Woodland caribou.
Ano: 2006

Predator-Resembling Aversive Conditioning for Managing Habituated Wildlife
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: St. Clair, Colleen Cassady; University of Alberta; cstclair@ualberta.ca; Hurd, Thomas Eric; Banff National Park; tom.hurd@pc.gc.ca.
Wildlife habituation near urban centers can disrupt natural ecological processes, destroy habitat, and threaten public safety. Consequently, management of habituated animals is typically invasive and often includes translocation of these animals to remote areas and sometimes even their destruction. Techniques to prevent or reverse habituation and other forms of in situ management are necessary to balance ecological and social requirements, but they have received very little experimental attention to date. This study compared the efficacy of two aversive conditioning treatments that used either humans or dogs to create sequences resembling chases by predators, which, along with a control category, were repeatedly and individually applied to 24 moderately...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Banff National Park; Canada; Cervus elaphus; Behavior; Aversive conditioning; Dogs; Predation; Chase sequence; Habituation; Urban wildlife.
Ano: 2005

The Effects of Urban Sprawl on Birds at Multiple Levels of Biological Organization
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Blair, Robert; University of Minnesota; blairrb@umn.edu.
Urban sprawl affects the environment in myriad ways and at multiple levels of biological organization. In this paper I explore the effects of sprawl on native bird communities by comparing the occurrence of birds along gradients of urban land use in southwestern Ohio and northern California and by examining patterns at the individual, species, community, landscape, and continental levels. I do this by assessing the distribution and abundance of all bird species occupying sites of differing land-use intensity in Ohio and California. Additionally, I conducted predation experiments using artificial nests, tracked the nest fate of American Robins and Northern Cardinals, and assessed land cover in these sites. At the individual level, predation on artificial...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Avian community; California; Cardinalis cardinalis; Extinction; Faunal homogenization; Invasion; Landscape heterogeneity; Nesting success; Ohio; Predation; Turdus migratorius; Urbanization.
Ano: 2004

Assessment and Management of Invasive Alien Predators
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Park, Kirsty; University of Stirling; k.j.park@stir.ac.uk.
Although invasive alien species have been identified as the second greatest threat to biodiversity after habitat loss, characterizing and quantifying their impacts on native species and habitats remains a fundamental problem in conservation biology. Here, I review the techniques that are currently used to assess the impact of invasive alien species on biodiversity, highlighting both their uses in invasive species ecology and their limitations in establishing a causal relationship. Adopting a hypothesis-driven experimental approach to impact assessment, and to eradication efforts through adaptive management, would benefit our ecological understanding of invasive species without delaying critical management action that could reduce the spread of invasive...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Experimental; Impact assessment; Invasive alien species; Predation.
Ano: 2004

Searching Explanations of Nature in the Mirror World of Math
Provedor de dados: Ecology and Society
Autores: Scheffer, Marten; Wageningen Agricultural University; Marten.Scheffer@wur.nl.
Despite the huge scientific progress of the last century, the dynamics of complex systems such as the atmosphere, human societies, and ecosystems remain difficult to understand and predict. Nonetheless, our ability to carve the future depends largely on our insight into the functioning of such complex systems. Complex systems are the focus of considerable mathematical theory. Rather than referring to any particular part of the world, such theory addresses what seems to be another world: a world of strange attractors, catastrophe folds, torus destruction, and homoclinic bifurcations. So disparate is the language and notation in this discipline that it is hard to imagine that it has any thing to do with reality as we know it. Indeed, it deals with a kind of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Bifurcation; Catastrophe; Chaos; Cycle; Daphnia; Fish; Macrophyte; Model; Multiple stable states; Plankton; Predation; Trophic cascade.
Ano: 1999

Invasive carnivores in Patagonia: defining priorities for their management using the American mink (Neovison vison) as a case study
Provedor de dados: Ecología Austral
Autores: Fasola,Laura; Valenzuela,Alejandro Eduardo Jorge.
The American mink is a widespread invasive carnivore in Patagonia, and due to its foraging behavior that allows it to exploit a wide variety of prey, it is the exotic carnivore with the highest potential impact on the region's biodiversity. Available regional information on mink presence/absence, as well as abundance estimations, is scarce even though it is vital to plan management actions. Here, we integrate the confirmed distribution of mink in Patagonia with its potential presence for areas where information is lacking, based on the location of animal releases and estimated dispersal rates. We propose an Area Prioritization Tool (APT) for invasive species management by overlapping habitat suitability, current known range, colonization fronts and areas...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Area prioritization tool; Argentina; Biological invasions; Predation; Important bird areas; Protocol for mink eradication.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1667-782X2014000200006

A preliminary analysis of death cause, capture-related mortality, and survival of adult red deer in northwestern Patagonia
Provedor de dados: Ecología Austral
Autores: Flueck,Werner T; Smith-Flueck,Joanne M; Bonino,Never A.
The red deer (Cervus elaphus), among the world´s 14 most invasive exotic mammals, has recently arrived in Patagonia. Forty-seven deer were captured, marked with radio collars, and monitored in order to determine survival rates and identify causes of death. Net gunning from a helicopter allowed captures to be evenly distributed through the study area and in a timely manner. The absence of capture related mortality in our study agrees with previously reported low rates for this method. Animals were monitored for periods ranging from 5 to 2611 days. Ten animals provided censored values due to radio failures or being shot: they survived on average 811 days (SE = 221) after capture. Ten animals experienced natural deaths with an average time alive after capture...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Invasion; Cervus elaphus; Puma concolor; Predation; Disease; Radio telemetry; Population dynamics; Capture by net gunning.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1667-782X2005000100004

Relative abundance and autecology of three piscivorous fishes in lakes of the upper basin of Salado River (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina)
Provedor de dados: Ecología Austral
Autores: Barla,María J; Vera,María S; O'Brien,Emma D.
The Salado River is an important watercourse in northern Pampean region of Argentina which includes several lakes in the upper part of its basin. This upper part shows lesser fish species richness than the lower section of the river. In this paper, an analysis of community structure of secondary and tertiary consumers and its autecology are presented. Among the 14 fish species recorded, 3 were mainly or totally piscivorous as adults. They constituted 11.4% of the numeric abundance and 10.8% of the biomass. Their numeric abundance was 89% (Oligosarcus jenynsii), 11% (Rhamdia sapo), and 0.5% (Hoplias malabaricus malabaricus), and their relative biomass was 61%, 33%, and 6%, respectively. Length/weight ratio, condition factor, and cephalic index indicate that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Characiformes; Siluriformes; Predation; Biocenology; Lentic environments; Pampean lakes; Trophic levels.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1667-782X2003000200009

FINDING OF GORDIUS AUSTRINUS DE VILLALOBOS, ZANCA &amp;amp; IBARRA - VIDAL, 2005 (GORDIIDA, NEMATOMORPHA) IN THE STOMACH OF SALMO TRUTTA (SALMONIFORMES) IN PATAGONIA
Provedor de dados: Gayana
Autores: de Villalobos,Cristina; Ortiz-Sandoval,Juan J; Habit,Evelyn.
Field observations revealed, for the first time, cases of predation on Gordius austrinus by Salmo trutta in Risopatrón Lake, Aysén Region, Chile. Reinvestigation by SEM of the characteristics of the posterior end and of the cuticle of the specimens of horsehair worms collected inside the stomach of brown trout allow us to assign the specimens to the species Gordius austrinus. Also we could show that in some specimens the cuticle of mid body and terminal end presented structural alterations, due to the action of the digestive juices of the fish. This finding implies the extension of the distribution range of G. austrinus.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Nematomorpha; Gordius austrinus; Predation; Salmo trutta; Patagonian Lakes.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-65382008000100005

Biological aspects of the genus Brachistosternus (Bothriuridae) in the Atacama Desert (Chile), with the description of a new type of pedipalp macroseta
Provedor de dados: Gayana
Autores: Ojanguren-Affilastro,Andrés A.; Botero-Trujillo,Ricardo; Castex,Alberto; Pizarro-Araya,Jaime.
ABSTRACT New data about several aspects of the biology of scorpions of genus Brachistosternus of the Atacama Desert are provided. Predatory techniques on tenebrionid larvae, and large spiders in their burrows are described, as well as the method used to transport large preys. The habitat of Brachistosternus mattonii Ojanguren-Affilastro 2005, by the tide line, is described for the first time. Finally a new type of pedipalp macroseta of Bothriuridae is described.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Scorpiones; Brachistosternus; Atacama; Predation; Macroseta.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-65382016000200169

Dial behavioral responses of Metamysidopsis elongata atlantica (Crustacea, Mysida) to gradients of salinity and temperature
Provedor de dados: Iheringia Série Zoologia
Autores: Gama,Andréa M. da S; Calazans,Danilo; Fontoura,Nelson F.
Metamysidopsis atlantica elongata (Bascescu, 1968) is a common mysid in the surf zone of sandy beaches from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, where it is frequently recorded forming dense aggregations. Trough laboratory trials, behavioral responses to salinity (10, 20, 25, 28, 30, 40 e 45), temperature (10, 15, 20, 30±1ºC) and light (yes/no) were tested using adult males, adult females and juveniles. Although there was no response to temperature, the species showed clear response to salinity and light. In the presence of light, organisms remained in the bottom of the aquaria, but moved to surface when bottom salinities were increased. In the absence of light, adults moved to the surface. However, juveniles moved down to or remained on the bottom,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mysids; Behavior; Light; Predation.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212011000100014

Disgusting or delicious? Predatory behavior of the hylid frog Phyllodytes luteolus on sympatric ants
Provedor de dados: Iheringia Série Zoologia
Autores: Solé,Mirco; Loebmann,Daniel.
ABSTRACT The phytotelm-dwelling frogs from the genus Phyllodytes Wagler, 1830 have been characterized as specialist frogs regarding their diet strategy which is mainly composed by colonial insects. Herein, we used two species of ants (Camponotus sp. and Gnamptogenys sp.) with distinct defensive mechanisms to test the predatory behavior of Phyllodytes luteolus Wied, 1824. The experiment was conducted with frogs inhabiting a patch of 20 bromeliads (Aechmea cf. blanchetiana). Ants were offered randomly to the frogs until we obtained ten observations of predation of each ant species. We observed and recorded the time that P. luteolus needed to keep each ant species inside its mouth before it could ingest it. Predatory behavior was highly distinct. While...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Behavior; Camponotus; Gnamptogenys; Bromeliads; Predation.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212017000100230

Insetos predadores associados a pragas do cajueiro.
Provedor de dados: Informação Tecnológica em Agricultura (Infoteca-e)
Autores: SOUSA, N. I. G.; MESQUITA, A. L. M.; MOTA, M. do S. C. de S.; GONÇALVES, N. G. G.
bitstream/item/211055/1/AAC19003.pdf
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Predação; Artrópodes; Anacardium Occidentale; Controle Biológico; Biological control; Arthropods; Predation.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1117712

Molecular approach indicates consumption of jellyfish by commercially important fish species in a coastal Mediterranean lagoon
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Marques, Raquel; Darnaude, Audrey M.; Crochemore, Sandrine; Bouvier, Corinne; Bonnet, Delphine.
Until recently, jellyfish have been ignored as an important source of food, due to their low nutritional value. Here, quantitative PCR was used to detect and quantify the DNA of the jellyfish Aurelia coerulea in the gut contents of commercially important fish species from the Thau Lagoon. Individuals from five fish species were collected during two different periods: the bloom period, when the pelagic stages of A. coerulea are abundant, and the post-bloom period, when only the benthic stage – polyps – is present in the lagoon. The DNA of A. coerulea was detected in the guts of 41.9% of the fish analysed, belonging to four different species. The eel Anguilla anguilla and the seabream Sparus aurata were important jellyfish consumers during the bloom and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Predation; Aurelia coerulea; Eel; Seabream; Polyps; Medusae; Quantitative PCR; Gut content; Thau lagoon.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00513/62469/66986.pdf

A World for Reactive Phenotypes
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Geoffroy, Benjamain; Alfonso, Sebastien; Sadoul, Bastien; Blumstein, Daniel T.
Humans currently occupy all continents and by doing so, modify the environment and create novel threats to many species; a phenomenon known as human-induced rapid environmental changes (HIREC). These growing anthropogenic disturbances represent major and relatively new environmental challenges for many animals, and invariably alter selection on traits adapted to previous environments. Those species that survive often have moved from their original habitat or modified their phenotype through plasticity or genetic evolution. Based on the most recent advances in this research area, we predict that wild individuals with highly plastic capacities, relatively high basal stress level, and that are generally shy—in other words, individuals displaying a reactive...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coping style; Antipredator behavior; Evolution; Stress physiology; Ecology; Predation; Urbanization; Pollution.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00664/77564/79528.pdf

L'alimentation de Diplodus annualris, Diplodus sargus, Diplodus vulgaris et Sparus aurata (Pisces, Sparidae) dnas le golfe du Lion et les lagunes littorales.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Rosecchi, E.
The four Sparidae studied are coastal species that regularly enter the Mediterranean coastal salt lagoons. Changes in diet with regard to size class of fish, and occasionally season, are detailed. For each species, diets in the sea and in the lagoons are compared using several methods and show differences. Individuals from lagoons do not eat, or in very low numbers, mollusks, echinoderms and decapods. However, as their feeding is very rich and diverse, sparid fishes can probably find in the lagoons, whatever their age, the prey necessary to their growth. Trophic factors cannot explain age structure in lagoons and the absence of some age classes.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pisces; Sparidae; Trophic levels; Age composition; Predation.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/publication-1774.pdf

Impact du milieu sur les nourricieres de poissons plats de la Baie de Seine
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Duval, P.
This study has two objectives: (1) the knowledge of spatial and temporal characteristics of flat fish nursery grounds, and, (2) the determination of natural or man-induced factors affecting these nurseries: hydrodynamics, sediment properties, predation, competition, water quality, pollution. To protect these grounds the author proposes a fisheries management plan and an impact study before all port installations or all coastal equipment use.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Resource conservation; Predation; Juveniles; Flatfish fisheries; Pollution effects; Environmental impact; Estuarine fisheries; Nursery grounds.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/acte-1321.pdf

Effets directs et indirects de la pêche sur des groupes trophiques de poissons démersaux, définis par une approche écomorphologique
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Reecht, Yves.
Functional groups dynamics in marine communities help understanding how perturbations impact the functioning of an ecosystem. It is notably expected that functional groups respond differently to fishing pressure owing to their direct exposure to fishing and interactions between groups (indirect effects). A method was developed, based on an ecomorphological approach focusing on predation functions, to define size- and taxonomy-driven functional groups in demersal fish communities from the Celtic Sea and the North Sea. Eleven functional traits were used to define 12 functional groups in Celtic Sea (based on measurements on 930 individuals from 33 species) and seven groups in North Sea (710 individuals from 22 species). In the Celtic Sea, the functional...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Fonctions trophiques; Prédation; Écomorphologie; Groupes fonctionnels; Effets de la pêche; Approche écosystémique; Poissons; Communautés démersales; Trophic functions; Predation; Ecomorphology; Functional groups; Fishing effects; Ecosystem approach; Fish; Demersal communities.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00006/11687/8359.pdf

Grow-out of sandfish Holothuria scabra in ponds shows that co-culture with shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris is not viable
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bell, J; Agudo, N; Purcell, S; Blazer, P; Simutoga, M; Pham, Dominique; Della Patrona, Luc.
We examined the potential for producing the large numbers of sandfish (Holothuria scabra) needed for restocking programmes by co-culturing juveniles with the shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris in earthen ponds. Our experiments in hapas within shrimp ponds were designed to detect any deleterious effects of sandfish on shrimp, and vice versa. These experiments showed that a high stocking density of juvenile sandfish had no significant effects on growth and survival of shrimp. However, survival and growth of sandfish reared with shrimp for 3 weeks were significantly lower than for sandfish reared alone. Increased stocking density of shrimp also had a significant negative effect on survival and/or growth of sandfish. A grow-out trial of juvenile sandfish in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shrimp; Sea cucumbers; Sandfish; Pond culture; Predation; Co culture.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3590.pdf

Etude expérimentale de la prédation de la palourde japonaise, Ruditapes philippinarum, par la dorade royale, Sparus aurata, et le baliste, Balistes capriscus
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Robert, René; Parra, René.
Depuis 1988, d'importantes mortalités de palourdes japonaises Ruditapes philippinarum ont été enregistrées, sur de nombreux élevages, dans le bassin d'Arcachon. Pour expliquer celles-ci, l'hypothèse d'une prédation par la dorade royale Sparus aurata et par le baliste Balistes capriscus était avancée. Afin de la vérifier, une étude expérimentale de la prédation de la palourde par ces deux poissons a été réalisée en laboratoire. Si les relations taille prédateurs-taille proies sont plus marquées chez le baliste, les deux espèces sont particulièrement voraces, puisqu'elles s'avéraient capables de consommer, en 24 h, 500 petits naissains et 350 jeunes palourdes de 25 mm de longueur, 50 % à 70 % des proies étant consommés au cours des 6 premières heures....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sparus aurata; Balistes capriscus; Ruditapes philippinarum; Palourde; Prédation; Comportement alimentaire; Sparus aurata; Balistes capriscus; Ruditapes philippinarum; Manila clam; Predation; Feeding behaviour.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12601/9479.pdf

Investigating trophic-level variability in Celtic Sea fish predators
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Chassot, E; Rouyer, Tristan; Trenkel, Verena; Gascuel, D.
The trophic level mean and variance, and the degree of omnivory for five Celtic Sea fish predators were estimated using a database of stomach content records characterized by a high level of taxonomic resolution. The predators occupied a high position in the food web, i.e. 4.75 for Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, 444 for haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus, 4.88 for European hake Merluccius merluccius, 5.00 for megrim Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis and 5.27 for whiting Merlangius merlangus. The level of taxonomic resolution of the prey did not greatly affect mean T-L predator values; an effect on variance was evident, low resolution masking intra-population variability in T-L. Generalized additive models (GAM) were used to explain the variability of predator T-L...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Trophic level; Predation; Omnivory; Indicator; GAM; Food web.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4699.pdf

Prédation par les limicoles de la macrofaune intertidale en baie de Saint-Brieuc. Projet EUPHORBE.
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Annezo, Jean-pierre; Hamon, Dominique.
The object of this report is to provide an estimation, on an annual basis, of the macrozoobenthic biomass consumed by the major wading birds staying in the bay of Saint-Brieuc (Brittany, Western Channel). Historical information was first reviewed and then updated throughout the winter 1987-88, by field observations (counts of birds, birds activities ... ). Six species account for most of the predation on macrofauna, and are thus studied with more detail. A specific survey is devoted to oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus), because of its feeding on an exploited stock of the edible cockle (Cerastoderma edule).
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Limicoles; Prédation; Macrofaune benthique; Baie de St Brieuc; Waders; Predation; Macrozoobenthos; Bay of St Brieuc.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00107/21824/19412.pdf

Latitude, temperature, and habitat complexity predict predation pressure in eelgrass beds across the Northern Hemisphere
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Reynolds, Pamela L.; Stachowicz, John J.; Hovel, Kevin; Bostrom, Christoffer; Boyer, Katharyn; Cusson, Mathieu; Eklof, Johan S.; Engel, Friederike G.; Engelen, Aschwin H.; Eriksson, Britas Klemens; Fodrie, F. Joel; Griffin, John N.; Hereu, Clara M.; Hori, Masakazu; Hanley, Torrance C.; Ivanov, Mikhail; Jorgensen, Pablo; Kruschel, Claudia; Lee, Kun-seop; Mcglathery, Karen; Moksnes, Per-olav; Nakaoka, Masahiro; O'Connor, Mary I.; O'Connor, Nessa E.; Orth, Robert J.; Rossi, Francesca; Ruesink, Jennifer; Sotka, Erik E.; Thormar, Jonas; Tomas, Fiona; Unsworth, Richard K. F.; Whalen, Matthew A.; Duffy, J. Emmett.
Latitudinal gradients in species interactions are widely cited as potential causes or consequences of global patterns of biodiversity. However, mechanistic studies documenting changes in interactions across broad geographic ranges are limited. We surveyed predation intensity on common prey (live amphipods and gastropods) in communities of eelgrass (Zostera marina) at 48 sites across its Northern Hemisphere range, encompassing over 37 degrees of latitude and four continental coastlines. Predation on amphipods declined with latitude on all coasts but declined more strongly along western ocean margins where temperature gradients are steeper. Whereas insitu water temperature at the time of the experiments was uncorrelated with predation, mean annual...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biogeography; Latitude; Mesograzer; Predation; Seagrass; Species interactions; Temperature; Zostera.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00610/72246/71053.pdf

Jellyfish as an alternative source of food for opportunistic fishes
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Marques, Raquel; Bouvier, Corinne; Darnaude, Audrey M.; Molinero, Juan-carlos; Przybyla, Cyrille; Soriano, Solenn; Tomasini, Jean-antoine; Bonnet, Delphine.
Although scientific interest on jellyfish ecology has substantially increased in the last decades, little is known on the role of potential predators shaping their population dynamics. Jellyfish were long considered as ‘dead ends’ within food webs, and therefore overlooked as potential food source for higher trophic levels, e.g. fishes. Here this question is tackled by using comprehensive laboratory experiments assessing fish predation on jellyfish. The approach included all the life stages (polyps, ephyrae and medusa) of Aurelia sp. versus more traditional aquaculture feeds in an easily farmed opportunistic fish, the gilthead seabream Sparus aurata (L.). Results revealed that all life stages of Aurelia sp. were accepted as a source of food by S. aurata,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aurelia sp.; Predation; Fish; Sparus aurata; Ingestion rate; Energy pathways.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00349/46018/46026.pdf

A continuous model of biomass size spectra governed by predation and the effects of fishing on them
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Benoit, Eric; Rochet, Marie-joelle.
A new time-dependent continuous model of biomass size spectra is developed. In this model, predation is the single process governing the energy flow in the ecosystem, as it causes both growth and mortality. The ratio of predator to prey is assumed to be distributed: predators may feed on a range of prey sizes. Under these assumptions, it is shown that linear size spectra are stationary solutions of the model. Exploited fish communities are simulated by adding fishing mortality to the model: it is found that realistic fishing should affect the curvature and stability of the size spectrum rather than its slope.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Predation; Mortality; Growth; Biomass size spectrum; Allometry.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-665.pdf

Anti-predator response of Haliotis tuberculata is modified after only one generation of domestication
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Roussel, Sabine; Bisch, T; Lachambre, S; Boudry, Pierre; Gervois, Jl; Lambert, Christophe; Huchette, S; Day, R.
Domestication of Haliotis tuberculata has only recently begun. During the process, we expect that behavioural and physiological traits may evolve to become more adapted to their captive environment. These modifications may result from intentional selection of production traits or unconscious and unintentional selection due to conditions experienced in the farm environment. To study this process at the earliest stage, the progeny of 3 different broodstocks obtained from wild parents, selected farmed abalone and randomly sampled farmed abalone, were studied. After rearing for 16 mo in separate tanks, offspring from the 3 progenies were placed together in sea cages at the same density. After 3 yr, behavioural traits were studied, and the immune status after a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Predation; Hiding behaviour; Haliotis tuberculata; Domestication; Selection; Captive; Abalone.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00487/59841/62989.pdf

Comparaison de cinq indices alimentaires utilises dans l'analyse des contenus stomacaux
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Rosecchi, E; Nouaze, Y.
Compound indices are often used in the analysis of fish stomach contents to characterize diet. Five of these indices, combining two or three measures of prey importance: weight, abundance and frequency of occurrence, are mathematically compared in this work. Data from a feeding study of sparid fish show that different indices can produce different results. Four classifications of food, in terms of preferences, are applied to Sparidae, compared and discussed. A new method of classifying the prey of fish into groups is proposed. It characterizes the main items in the diet, whatever feeding index is chosen for the analysis.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Quantitative distribution; Weight; Predation; Stomach content; Feeding.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/publication-1773.pdf

Center for Independent Experts (CIE) Review of the Status of the Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe.
NOAA’s National Marine Fisheries Services (NMFS) received a petition to list the Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) as either threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). The Eastern oyster is an emblematic species in the US coastal states, playing a significant role at various levels: shaping coastal social communities, providing a commercial activity (public fishery &amp; aquaculture) and recreational - amenity benefits, and as a keystone species in highly diverse and sensitive ecosystems (estuaries). This petition is likely the result of concerns regarding the partial collapse of public fisheries in several states as well as from the resulting damages to this species induced by severe hurricanes. A Biological Review Team (BRT)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biology; Habitat threats; Predation; Disease; Bivalvia; Crassostrea virginica; Oyster; Recommendations.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15458/12833.pdf

Population dynamics and predatory impact of the alien jellyfish Aurelia solida (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) in the Bizerte Lagoon (southwestern Mediterranean Sea)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gueroun, Sonai M; Molinero, Juan-carlos; Piraino, Stefano; Dali Yahia, Mohamed Nejib.
Understanding the life cycle strategies and predatory impact of alien jellyfish species is critical to mitigate the impact that these organisms may have on local populations, biodiversity, and ultimately on the functioning of food webs. In the Mediterranean Sea, little is known about the dynamics of alien jellyfish, despite this biodiversity hotspot being one of the most threatened areas by increasing numbers of alien jellyfish. Here, we investigated the population dynamics and predatory impact of a non-indigenous scyphomedusa, Aurelia solida Browne 1905, in the Bizerte Lagoon, Tunisia. The study was based on bimonthly surveys performed over two consecutive years, from November 2012 to August 2014. Field observations showed that the planktonic phase of A....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Scyphomedusae; Abundance; Predation; Mesozooplankton; SW Mediterranean.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00624/73577/72966.pdf

Evidence of heavy predation by Noctiluca scintillans on Acartia clausi (Copepoda) eggs off the central Cantabrian coast (NW Spain)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Quevedo, M; Gonzalez-quiros, R; Anadon, R.
A large proliferation of Noctiluca scintillans (Dinophyceae: Noctilucidea) was observed in neritic waters off the central Cantabrian coast during late April 1995. Eggs of Acartia clausi (Crustacea: Copepoda) were the most conspicuous prey within vacuoles of Noctiluca. Noctiluca ingested 73 % of the total stock of A. clausi eggs. This intense predation on copepod eggs could potentially affect the recruitment of nauplii. The potential impact on the stock of Acartia clausi eggs and on the daily egg production of the population is discussed. There is a negative correlation between the average number of ingested eggs by a single Noctiluca cell and the abundance of Noctiluca. This fact, coupled with the lack of significant correlation between the former variable...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Noctiluca; Acartia; Œufs de copépode; Prédation; Golfe de Gascogne; Noctiluca; Acartia; Copepod eggs; Predation; Bay of Biscay.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00325/43633/43232.pdf

Élevage de la palourde japonaise Ruditapes philippinarum dans le bassin d'Arcachon. Bilan des dix dernières années et  perspectives de développement
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Robert, Rene; Deltreil, Jean-pierre.
Farming of the Japanese clam Ruditapes philippinarum took place for the first time in 1980 in the Arcachon basin. After an experimentation period of about ten years, a farming strategy, taking into consideration the distinctive features found in the bay, was able to emerge. For example, in order to fight against clam predators, crabs such as Carcinus maenas, and balistes such as Balistes capriscus, vertical protection coupled with prior ground gravelling, and laying of nets over the beds during the summer months, have become necessary. The best raising technique seems to rest on early spring planting of middle size spats (T5), after checking that no brown rings are visible. If clam growth seems to be better in oceanic zones, it looks similar in other areas...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Basin of Arcachon; Culture methods; Growth; Predation; Balistes capriscus; Carcinus maenas; Ruditapes philippinarum; Bassin d'Arcachon; Stratégie d'élevage; Croissance; Prédation; Balistes capriscus; Carcinus maenas; Ruditapes philippinarum.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/rapport-1652.pdf

Susceptibility of larval Crepidula fornicata to predation by suspension-feeding adults
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Pechenik, Jan; Blanchard, Michel; Rotjan, Randi.
The slipper shell snail Crepidula fornicata forms dense assemblages along much of the European coast, where it co-occurs with oysters. We examined the susceptibility of slipper shell larvae to predation by suspension-feeders, including adults of their own species. In particular, we compared filtration rates on phytoplankton with those on larvae, and determined the extent to which consumption of larvae varied with adult size, larval size, and with the presence of alternative food (phytoplankton). We also examined the ability of competent larvae to metamorphose successfully in the presence of feeding adults. For each experiment, adults were held in plastic jars with seawater or phytoplankton suspension and allowed to graze on larvae (101 larvae per jar) for...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Larvae; Susceptibility; Predation.
Ano: 2004
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-755.pdf

Les risques conchylicoles en Baie de Quiberon. Deuxième partie : le risque de prédation sur l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas. Rapport final du projet Risco 2010-2013
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Mazurie, Joseph; Stanisiere, Jean-yves; Bouget, Jean-francois; Langlade, Aime; Leclerc, Emilie; Quinsat, Kevin; Herve, Gilles; Augustin, Jean-marie; Ehrhold, Axel; Sinquin, Jean-marc; Meidi-deviarni, Ika; Goubert, Evelyne; Cochet, Helene; Dreano, Alain.
This study (“Risco”), implicating both industry, socio-economic experts and biologists, was funded by the Regional Council of Brittany, for 3 years (2010-2012), to investigate about the causes of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) mortalities in the bay of Quiberon (South Brittany, France). The protocol including both a sonar and video visualization of the bottom, and a monthly survey of 15 experimental oyster structures, allowed to assess the risk due to predation. A clear spatial distribution of the predatory effect was evidenced, with starfish (Asterias rubens and Marthasterias glacialis) predominating in the North-East sector, and boring snails (Ocenebra erinacea and Pterophora inornata) in the South-Center area.. The main mortalities from these predators...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Baie de Quiberon; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Risque; Mortalité; Prédation; Étoiles de mer; Bigorneaux perceurs; Risco; Bay of Quiberon; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Risk; Mortality; Predation; Starfish; Oyster drills; Risco.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00180/29130/27534.pdf

Mad, bad and dangerous to know: the biochemistry, ecology and evolution of slow loris venom
Provedor de dados: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases
Autores: Nekaris,K Anne-Isola; Moore,Richard S; Rode,E Johanna; Fry,Bryan G.
Only seven types of mammals are known to be venomous, including slow lorises (Nycticebus spp.). Despite the evolutionary significance of this unique adaptation amongst Nycticebus, the structure and function of slow loris venom is only just beginning to be understood. Here we review what is known about the chemical structure of slow loris venom. Research on a handful of captive samples from three of eight slow loris species reveals that the protein within slow loris venom resembles the disulphide-bridged heterodimeric structure of Fel-d1, more commonly known as cat allergen. In a comparison of N. pygmaeus and N. coucang, 212 and 68 compounds were found, respectively. Venom is activated by combining the oil from the brachial arm gland with saliva, and can...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Venoms; Ecology; Primates; Intraspecific competition; Predation; Ectoparasite; Naja naja.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992013000100203

Impact of climate and moonlight on a venomous mammal, the Javan slow loris (Nycticebus javanicus Geoffroy, 1812)
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Rode-Margono, E.J.; Nekaris, K.A.-I.
Predation pressure, food availability, and activity may be affected by level of moonlight and climatic conditions. While many nocturnal mammals reduce activity at high lunar illumination to avoid predators (lunarphobia), most visually-oriented nocturnal primates and birds increase activity in bright nights (lunarphilia) to improve foraging efficiency. Similarly, weather conditions may influence activity level and foraging ability. We examined the response of Javan slow lorises (Nycticebus javanicus Geoffroy, 1812) to moonlight and temperature. We radio-tracked 12 animals in West Java, Indonesia, over 1.5 years, resulting in over 600 hours direct observations. We collected behavioural and environmental data including lunar illumination, number of human...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Activity; Environmental factors; Humidity; Lunarphobia; Moon; Predation; Temperature; 42.84.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/499291

Gastropod skeletal defences: land, freshwater, and sea compared
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Vermeij, Geerat J.
Predation is a primary agency of natural selection affecting  the evolution of skeletal form in gastropods. The nature of  antipredatory defence depends on how predators attack their  prey as well as on the types and quantities of resources that  are available to the potential victims. Here I review the five  main methods of predation on shell-bearing gastropods (swallowing  prey whole, apertural entry, drilling, shell breakage,  and partial consumption) and 31 categories of shell and opercular  defence that are effective at one or more of the three  stages of predation (detection, pursuit, and subjugation).  These categories are evaluated for marine Palaeozoic, marine  Late Mesozoic to Recent, freshwater, and terrestrial environments.  The five types of...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Mollusca; Gastropoda; Predation; Antipredatory defence.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/588036

Taxonomical and ecological description of a species complex of zooplanktivorous and insectivorous cichlids from Lake Victoria
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Oijen, M.J.P. van; Witte, F.
The zooplanktivorous Haplochromis tanaos spec. nov., and the morphologically very similar but insectivorous Haplochromis thereuterion spec. nov., from Lake Victoria (East Africa) are described and compared to Haplochromis diplotaenia Regan &amp; Trewavas, 1928, a similar species which is known only from the holotype. Intraspecific variation is described for both new species. Ecological data of the new species are compared to those of known zooplanktivores and insectivores from the Mwanza Gulf area. Both new species disappeared concurrently with the Nile perch (Lates) upsurge early in the 1980's. The recent occurrence of individuals closely resembling the new species, in a different habitat close to the original one, is analysed.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Cichlidae; Haplochromis; Zooplanktivores; Insectivores; Ecological segregation; Intraspeci- fic variation; Ontogeny; Sexual heterodonty; Nile perch; Lates; Predation; Habitat shift.; 42.81.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/317563

How do the molluscivorous beetles Carabus granulatus and Phosphuga atrata (Insecta, Coleoptera) deal with sinistral and dextral prey?
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Bergamin, Susan; Smits, Anne.
Predators of asymmetric prey (such as snails) are often  asymmetric themselves or display a predation behaviour that  is adapted to the asymmetry of their prey. We studied predation  of sinistral and dextral forms of the freshwater snail  Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758) by two snail-feeding  beetle species, Phosphuga atrata (Linnaeus, 1758) and  Carabus granulatus Linnaeus, 1758. We investigated a possible  preference for or more efficient predation of prey items  with a certain coiling direction. We found that C. granulatus  displayed a preference for dextral snails, as opposed to P.  atrata, which did not show any preference. We also looked at  the asymmetry of the mandibles. In C. granulatus the left  mandible overlay the right one in a higher...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Carabidae; Silphidae; Lymnaea stagnalis; Molluscivory; Chirality; Predation; Behaviour; Mouth parts.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/588051

I made use of the known dates of reclamation (and of afforestations) in the IJsselmeerpolders in The Netherlands to assess evolutionary adaptation in Cepaea nemoralis. At 12 localities (three in each polder), I sampled a total of 4390 adult individuals in paired open and shaded habitats, on average 233m apart, and scored these for genetic shell colour polymorphisms. The results show (highly) significant differentiation at most localities, although the genes involved differed per locality. Overall, though, populations in shaded habitats had evolved towards darker shells than those in adjacent open habitats, whereas a 'Cain &amp; Sheppard' diagram (proportion yellow shells plotted against ‘effectively unbanded’ shells) failed to reveal a clear pattern. This might suggest that thermal selection is more important than visual selection in generating this pattern. Trait differentiation, regardless of whether they were plotted against polder age or habitat age, showed a linear increase of differentiation with time, corresponding to a mean rate of trait evolution of 15–31 kilodarwin. In conclusion, C. nemoralis is capable of rapid and considerable evolutionary differentiation over 1–25 snail generations, though equilibrium may be reached only at longer time scales
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Schilthuizen, M.
I made use of the known dates of reclamation (and of afforestations) in the IJsselmeerpolders in The Netherlands to assess evolutionary adaptation in Cepaea nemoralis. At 12 localities (three in each polder), I sampled a total of 4390 adult individuals in paired open and shaded habitats, on average 233m apart, and scored these for genetic shell colour polymorphisms. The results show (highly) significant differentiation at most localities, although the genes involved differed per locality. Overall, though, populations in shaded habitats had evolved towards darker shells than those in adjacent open habitats, whereas a 'Cain &amp; Sheppard' diagram (proportion yellow shells plotted against ‘effectively unbanded’ shells) failed to reveal a clear pattern. This...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Predation; Crypsis; Contemporary evolution; Gastropoda; Mollusca; Adaptation; 42.73.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/445782

Shell repair in the freshwater gastropod Bithynia tentaculata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Cadée, Gerhard C.
A large sample rich in empty Bithynia tentaculata  (Linnaeus, 1758) was collected in a drift-line along Lake IJssel,  The Netherlands. Of 400 adult Bithynia shells 62 (15.5%)  showed repair of a damaged outer lip, most probably due to  failed attacks by predators. The roach Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus,  1758) was probably its main shell-crushing predator here.  However, repair after physical damage by waves breaking on  the stones of the dike cannot be excluded completely.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Freshwater gastropods; Bithynia tentaculata; Predation; Shell repair; The Netherlands; Lake IJssel.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/588031

The effect of macrophytic cover on survival of Palaemonetes pugio and P. vulgaris (grass shrimp) in the presence of predatory Fundulus heteroclitus (killifish)
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Merchant, Henry C.; Khan, Ritindra N.; Knowlton, Robert E.
Effects of three different macrophytic covers and the presence of alternative prey on survival of grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio and P. vulgaris) subjected to predation by killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) were studied in the laboratory. Overall, survival of P. vulgaris was significantly greater (82%) than that of P. pugio (70%). This difference in survival was attributed to the greater tendency of P. pugio to swim outside the covers, making it more vulnerable to predation. Both prey species responded similarly to the different cover conditions. Survival without cover (gravel substrate) was 48%. In cover provided by a plastic plant made to resemble Ambulia, 75% of the starting population survived. In cover furnished by field-collected specimens of the...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Palaemonetes; Predation; Macrophytic cover; Survivorship.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/534315

Predation by Gecarcoidea lalandii (Crustacea, Gecarcinidae) on dextral and sinistral Amphidromus inversus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae)
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Sipman, Iris.
The tropical tree snails of the subgenus Amphidromus  s.str. receive much attention from researchers because  populations consist of roughly equal proportions of dextral  and sinistral individuals. Studies indicate that this  stable genetic antisymmetry is maintained because of disassortative  mating. Deviations of the theoretically expected  50:50 proportion have, however, been frequently  reported. An explanation for this deviation could be modulation  by chirally biased predation. On the island of  Kapas, Malaysia, seventeen individuals of Gecarcoidea  lalandii, a nocturnal terrestrial crab, were caught and  housed with live Amphidromus inversus. A low level of  predation by the crab on the snails was found. However,  there is no reason to assume that...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Amphidromus inversus; Gecarcoidea lalandii; Left-right asymmetry; Predation; Chiral proportions.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/588035

Recognizing cephalopod boreholes in shells and the northward spread of Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 (Cephalopoda, Octopodoidea)
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Hiemstra, Auke-Florian.
Octopuses prey on molluscs by boring through their shell.  Among the regular naticid borings, traces of cephalopod predation  should be found soon on Dutch beaches. Bottom trawling  has declined, and by the effects of global warming  Octopus will find its way back to the North Sea where it lived  before. I describe the distinguishing characters for Octopus  bore holes, give an introduction into this type of behaviour,  present a short history of Dutch octopuses and a prediction of  their future.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Cephalopods; Octopus; Predation; Hole-boring; The Netherlands.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/588033

Mecistocephalidae), with the description of a new species with unusually elongate denticles
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Bonato, L.; Minelli, A.
As a contribution to investigate the interspecific diversity in the large genus Mecistocephalus Newport, 1843 with respect to these centipedes’ predatorial role in soil tropical communities, we compared the patterns of maxillipede denticles in 32 species of the genus, and studied all published relevant information. All Mecistocephalus species share a conservative pattern of six distinct denticles on the mesal side of the four articles of each maxillipede. Current views on centipede phylogeny suggest that the basic pattern in Mecistocephalus originated from an ancestral array of fewer denticles, by addition of other denticles on the first and fourth articles of the maxillipede. These patterns are not affected by sexual dimorphism, and intraspecific...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Chilopoda; Functional morphology; Geophilomorpha; Maxillipede; Mecistocephalus; Mecistocephalus megalodon n. sp.; Predation; 42.74.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/315810

Predatory Poiretia (Stylommatophora, Oleacinidae) snails: histology and observations
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Helwerda, Renate A.
The predatory behaviour of Poiretia snails is studied. One  aspect of this behaviour is the ability to make holes in the  shells of prey snails. The radula and the histology of the  mucous glands support the assumption that Poiretia secretes  acidic mucus to produce these holes. Observation of a  Poiretia compressa (Mousson, 1859) specimen yielded the  insight that its activities relied on the availability of moisture  and not on light conditions. It preyed on a wide range of snail  species, but only produced holes in shells when the aperture  was blocked. It usually stabbed its prey with a quick motion  of the radula. The time it spent feeding on a prey specimen is  most likely correlated to prey size.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Predation; Predatorysnails; Drilling holes; Radula; Pedal gland; Sole gland; Acidic mucus.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/588032

Coexistence of surface and cave amphipods in an ecotone environment
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Luštrik, R.; Turjak, M.; Kralj-Fišer, S.; Fišer, C.
Interspecific interactions between surface and subterranean species may be a key determinant for species distributions. Until now, the existence of competition (including predation) between these groups has not been tested. To assess the coexistence and potential role of interspecific interactions between surface Gammarus fossarum and subterranean Niphargus timavi, and to determine their micro distributions, we conducted a series of field and laboratory observations. We aimed to determine: (1) species substrate preference, (2) whether the presence of G. fossarum influences the habitat choice of N. timavi, and (3) possible predation effects on micro habitat choice of small juveniles. Throughout a small river in SW Slovenia, N. timavi was predominantly found...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Amphipoda; Cannibalism; Competition; Ecotone; Microhabitat preference; Predation; 42.74.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/377199

Fossil predation: did some clavilithine fasciolariid gastropods employ valve-wedging to feed on bivalves?
Provedor de dados: Naturalis Digital Academic Repository
Autores: Vermeij, Geerat J.
Several gastropods, including members of the  Busyconinae, wedge or chip bivalve prey by inserting the  outer lip between the valves. This habit, which is associated  with an abapically downwardly convex outer lip, often results  in breakage and subsequent repair of the lip. I tested the  hypothesis that convex-lipped clavilithines from the Eocene  of France and the Neogene of Indonesia had higher frequencies  of repair than their straight-lipped counterparts. Although  this prediction was verified, frequencies of repair are low (0  to 0.19) compared to those of busyconines, indicating either  that prey bivalves were small or that the predators are smaller  than most busyconines.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Gastropoda; Clavilithes; Bivalvia; Predation; Outer lip.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/588037

Occurrence of Toxorhynchites guadeloupensis (Dyar &amp;amp; Knab) in oviposition trap of Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae)
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Entomology
Autores: Honório,Nildimar A.; Barros,Fábio S.M. de; Tsouris,Pantelis; Rosa-Freitas,Maria G.
Toxorhynchites guadeloupensis (Dyar &amp;amp; Knab), a poorly known mosquito species, was observed preying upon Aedes aegypti (L.) larvae, in an oviposition trap placed for routine dengue entomological surveillance, during 2003-2004 in the urban area of Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. This is the first report for Tx. guadeloupensis using Ae. aegypti oviposition traps as breeding places. This finding may have important consequences in the epidemiology and local dengue control since Ae. aegypti density is a basic variable in dengue prediction. Whether predation of Ae aegypti by Tx. guadeloupensis in the Amazon is of significance, is a question to be examined. Also, larval predation may be a cause for underestimation of the actual Ae aegypti numbers. Together...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Predation; Dengue; Prediction; Control; Immature form.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2007000500025

Importance of larval migration (dispersal) for the survival of Ascia monuste (Godart) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Entomology
Autores: Barros-Bellanda,Helen C.H.; Zucoloto,Fernando S.
Insect species whose larvae have high mobility, such as Ascia monuste (Godart), show a poor discriminatory oviposition behavior with respect to the quantity of food. Such behavior in A. monuste is influenced positively by the spatial and temporal abundance of kale (Brassica oleracea Var. acephala), its main host, in nature. A. monuste caterpillars frequently migrate in search of food to complete their development and even smaller larval clusters at about 20 individuals are not supported by the resources provided by a medium-size kale plant. Migration (dispersal) of 5th-instar larvae was necessary both in groups feeding on plants confined in cages and on plants growing in nature, and migration was successful when the plants were close to one another. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brassica oleracea; Egg-cluster; Larval group; Oviposition behavior; Predation.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2003000100002

Wolbachia screening in spiders and assessment of horizontal transmission between predator and prey
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Entomology
Autores: Yun,Y; Peng,Y; Liu,FX; Lei,C.
Recent studies have revealed that the prevalence of Wolbachia in arthropods is attributable not only to its vertical transmission, but also to its horizontal transfer. In order to assess the horizontal transmission of Wolbachia between predator and prey, arthropods belonging to 11 spider families and six insect families were collected in the same field of rice. The distribution of Wolbachia in these arthropods was detected by diagnostic PCR amplification of the wsp (Wolbachia outer surface protein gene) and 16S rDNA genes. Nurscia albofasciata Strand (Araneae: Titanoecidae), Propylea japonica Thunberg (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Paederus fuscipes Curtis (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), and Nilaparvata lugens Stal (Homoptera: Delphacidae) were infected with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Insect; Predation; Phylogenetics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2011000200002

Hunting tactics of the lemon shark, Negaprion brevirostris, in shallow waters of an oceanic insular area in the western equatorial Atlantic
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Garla,Ricardo C.; Gadig,Otto B. F.; Garcia Junior,José; Veras,Leonardo B.; Garrone-Neto,Domingos.
ABSTRACT The hunting tactics of lemon sharks, Negaprion brevirostris, are described from underwater and cliff-top observations in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, western equatorial Atlantic, Brazil. Two main tactics were observed in the shallow waters of sandy beaches and reefs environments: (i) “substrate inspection” of crevices and holes over rocky and reef bottoms, and (ii) “sardine blitz”, which refer to striking schools of fishes (mainly sardines) in the surf zone. The first tactic was restricted to juveniles up to 2 m of total length, whereas subadult and adult sharks with total length larger than 2 m displayed the second. As lemon sharks use waters less than 5 m depth to hunt, perform social behaviours and predator avoidance, results highlight...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carcharhinidae; Elasmobranch; Foraging Behaviour; Predation; Predator-prey Interactions.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252017000100206

Spatio-temporal segregation and size distribution of fish assemblages as related to non-native species occurrence in the middle rio Doce Valley, MG, Brazil
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Giacomini,Henrique Corrêa; Lima Jr.,Dilermando Pereira; Latini,Anderson Oliveira; Espírito-Santo,Helder Mateus Viana.
The lakes in the middle rio Doce Valley (MG) are suffering impacts due to the introduction of invasive fish species, mainly piscivorous species like red piranha Pygocentrus nattereri and peacock bass Cichla kelberi. Fishes were collected in bimonthly samples conducted at ten lakes along a year. The present study showed that the composition of native fish assemblages is significantly related to the presence and type of non-native species. Fish species distribution among lakes can be explained by differences in species body size: smaller native species are less concentrated in lakes with invasive piscivores, which is in accordance with the hypothesis that they have greater susceptibility to predation by invaders. Another probable cause for this correlation...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Species invasions; Beta diversity; Metacommunity; Body size; Predation.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252011000100012

Foraging behavior interactions between the invasive Nile Tilapia (Cichliformes: Cichlidae) and three large native predators
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Birck,Tiago; Message,Hugo José; Baumgartner,Gilmar; Sebastien,Nyamien Yahaut; Baumgartner,Dirceu.
ABSTRACT The predator-prey relationships between juvenile Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and native fish species of the Paraná River basin, Brazil, were experimentally examined. Juveniles of O. niloticus were offered to three native predator species (Salminus brasiliensis, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, and Brycon orbignyanus) in 2,000-L tanks with four levels of habitat complexity (0%, 50%, 100% and RD (rocks and driftwood)). Predator efficiency was more variable among species (S. brasiliensis consumed 86.6% of the prey, P. corruscans 22.5% and B. orbignyanus 18.3%) than among levels of habitat complexity, and S. brasiliensis was faster than the others in detecting and consuming the prey. The higher predatory efficiency observed for S. brasiliensis can...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Invasion; Management; Oreochromis niloticus; Predation; Prey.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252019000300204

Factors influencing Serrapinnus notomelas (Characiformes: Characidae) populations in upper Paraná river floodplain lagoons
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Piana,Pitágoras Augusto; Gomes,Luiz Carlos; Cortez,Elimaida Mayo.
Identification of variables that influence fish populations is one of the main challenges in ecology. To explore this, data were collected quarterly from February 2000 to November 2001 using seines, along the shore of four isolated lagoons of the upper Paraná River floodplain. Serrapinnus notomelas was selected to assess the effect of abiotic and biotic variables using indirect gradient analysis. Abiotic variables were summarized by principal components analysis (PCA) and then the scores of the axis retained for interpretation were correlated with abundances of S. notomelas. Variables that best explained S. notomelas abundance were surface area of the lagoon, total suspended solids and Secchi depth (these last two, indirectly linked to predation). The most...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Population regulation; Abiotic variables; Competition; Predation.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252006000100008

Disruptive coloration and habitat use by seahorses
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Duarte,Michele; Gawryszewski,Felipe M.; Ramineli,Suzana; Bessa,Eduardo.
ABSTRACT Predation avoidance is a primary factor influencing survival. Therefore, any trait that affects the risk of predation, such as camouflage, is expected to be under selection pressure. Background matching (homochromy) limits habitat use, especially if the habitat is heterogeneous. Another camouflage mechanism is disruptive coloration, which reduces the probability of detection by masking the prey’s body contours. Here we evaluated if disruptive coloration in the longsnout seahorse, Hippocampus reidi, allows habitat use diversification. We analyzed 82 photographs of animals, comparing animal and background color, and registering anchorage substrate (holdfast). We tested whether the presence (disruptive coloration) or absence of bands (plain...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Camouflage; Hippocampus reidi; Predation; Syngnathidae.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252019000500212

Comparison of fish assemblages in two littoral habitats in a Neotropical morichal stream in Venezuela
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Montaña,Carmen G.; Layman,Craig A.; Taphorn,Donald C.
Morichales are lowland streams in South American savannas with riparian forest dominated by the moriche palm (Mauritia flexuosa). We sampled littoral habitats from ten flooded vegetated patches (dominated by Mauritiella aculeate) and six sand banks in two months of the dry season (Feb-Mar 2005) in a stream in the savannas of Apure State, Venezuela. We collected samples that compromised 12,407 individual fishes of 107 species. Small-bodied fishes (&lt; 100 mm), representing diverse trophic and life history strategies, were abundant. The most abundant species were in the families Characidae and Cichlidae. Fish assemblages from flooded vegetated patches differed significantly from those on adjacent sand banks. High structural complexity along vegetated...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Food availability; Habitat complexity; Predation; Prey; Refugia.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252008000400005

Feeding dynamics of Cichla kelberi Kullander &amp;amp; Ferreira, 2006 introduced into an artificial lake in southeastern Brazil
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Villares Junior,Gilberto Aparecido; Gomiero,Leandro Muller.
The objective of this study was to characterize the seasonally of the diet of Cichla kelberi in an artificial lake in Leme-SP, determining the food items and their relation to the sex and gonadal maturity of the fish sampled. The diet of C. kelberi presents a dynamic in three different periods: winter months were characterized by low feeding activity and a high concentration of undetermined fish; increase in feeding activity occurred in the spring, with Tilapia sp. being the dominant food item; and a high rate of cannibalism was observed in the summer and early fall. The plasticity in the composition of the diet was marked by quantity of prey available during the different periods of the year, and the reproductive period.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Seasonality; Cannibalism; Predation; Competition.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252010000400011

Diet composition and feeding habits of the eyespot skate, Atlantoraja cyclophora (Elasmobranchii: Arhynchobatidae), off Uruguay and northern Argentina
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Barbini,Santiago A.; Lucifora,Luis O.
ABSTRACT The eyespot skate, Atlantoraja cyclophora, is an endemic species from the southwestern Atlantic, occurring from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to northern Patagonia, Argentina. The feeding habits of this species, from off Uruguay and north Argentina, were evaluated using a multiple hypothesis modelling approach. In general, the diet was composed mainly of decapod crustaceans, followed by teleost fishes. Molluscs, mysidaceans, amphipods, isopods, lancelets and elasmobranchs were consumed in lower proportion. The consumption of shrimps drecreased with increasing body size of A. cyclophora. On the other hand, the consumption of teleosts increased with body size. Mature individuals preyed more heavily on crabs than immature individuals. Teleosts were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chondrichthyes; Ontogenetic shifts; Predation; Southwest Atlantic.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252016000300214

Is coexistence between non-native and native Erythrinidae species mediated by niche differentiation or environmental filtering? A case study in the upper Paraná River floodplain
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Pereira,Larissa S.; Mise,Fábio T.; Tencatt,Luiz F. C.; Baumgartner,Matheus T.; Agostinho,Angelo A.
ABSTRACT The limiting similarity theory predicts that divergence in the functional traits of native and introduced species is an essential component in species establishment, as introduced species must occupy a niche that is unoccupied by resident species. On the other hand, the environmental filtering hypothesis predicts convergence between introduced and native species, as both possess traits that make them adapted to the local abiotic environment. Morphology, spatial co-occurrence, diet, feeding selectivity, and niche breadth and overlap of Erythrinidae were evaluated to detect possible mechanisms acting in the coexistence between non-native and native species. Native (Hoplias sp. B and Hoplias cf. malabaricus) and non-native (Hoplerythrinus...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Competition; Co-occurrence; Fish feeding; Morphology; Predation.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252017000200218

Does the association of young fishes with jellyfishes protect from predation?A report on a failure case due to damage to the jellyfish
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Bonaldo,Roberta Martini; Krajewski,João Paulo; Sazima,Ivan.
The fish-jellyfish association is regarded as a temporary symbiosis believed to protect the fishes from predators. Here we report on juvenile scads (Trachurus lathami) associated with the jellyfish Chrysaora lactea, opportunistically preyed on by the grouper Mycteroperca acutirostris while the medusa was being damaged. The predation instances occurred when a couple of the filefish Stephanolepis hispidus approached the jellyfish to nibble on its umbrella. The feeding of the filefish caused a momentary disturbance of the defensive association, perceived and capitalised on by the watchful grouper, an opportunistic and versatile hunter. Before and after the disturbance, the protection offered to the young fish by the jellyfish showed to be effective, which...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Protective symbiosis; Fish-jellyfish association; Predation; Defence; SW Atlantic.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252004000200008

Coordinated hunting behaviors of mixed-species groups of piscivores and associated species at Isla del Coco National Park (Eastern Tropical Pacific)
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Auster,Peter J.; Cortés,Jorge; Alvarado,Juan José; Beita-Jiménez,Andrés.
ABSTRACT Studies of mixed-species groups of animals can reveal emergent complexities of collective behaviors. In this study we collected data on mixed-species hunting groups composed primarily of piscivorous fishes (species composition, abundance, behavioral interactions) and used both multivariate and network analyses to quantify pair-wise and guild level behavioral relationships. Our results indicate that such collective behaviors exhibit consistent patterns of associations (33 species with 282 pair-wise links within the observed network) with 10 dominant species accounting for 60% of pair-wise interactions. Species richness within groups varied (mean = 2.4, range 2-6 species) as did group size (mean = 8.1 individuals, range 2-80). Mixed-species groups,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Facilitation; Marine protected area; Mutualism; Network; Predation.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252019000100204

Patterns of habitat segregation among large fishes in a Venezuelan floodplain river
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Layman,Craig A.; Winemiller,Kirk O.
Distribution and abundance of large fishes (SL&gt;100 mm) in the río Cinaruco, a floodplain river in the Venezuelan llanos, were examined by gill net sampling in four habitat types: sand banks, backwater creeks, floodplain lagoons, and river channel. Sampling was standardized using nets (25 m x 2 m) of three mesh sizes set for 24-h periods. Based on data from &gt;10,000 hours of gill netting over three years, there were significant differences in assemblage composition among the four habitats. Pair-wise comparisons suggested differences in assemblage composition between all pairs of habitats except creeks and lagoons. Differences in assemblage composition likely arose from species-specific habitat affinities. For example, 21 taxa were collected from both...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Assemblage structure; Habitat affinity; Lagoon; Migration; Predation.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252005000100007

Seasonal variation in fish trophic networks in two clear-water streams in the Central Llanos region, Venezuela
Provedor de dados: Neotropical Ichthyology
Autores: Peterson,Christopher C.; Keppeler,Friedrich W.; Saenz,David E.; Bower,Luke M.; Winemiller,Kirk O.
ABSTRACT Food webs are not static entities; consumer resource interactions vary in both time and space, which complicates depiction and comparisons of food web structures. We estimated fish assemblage structure and diets in two clear-water streams in the Venezuelan Llanos region (Charcote and Charcotico) and constructed trophic networks (sub-webs defined by fishes as the principal consumers) during four periods of the annual flood pulse. As stream conditions changed from high-water to low-water, we hypothesized that: 1) the piscivore-non-piscivore ratio would increase; 2) dietary diversity would decrease; 3) interspecific dietary overlap would decline; 4) fewer allochthonous food items would be consumed; and 5) food-web connectance would increase. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aquatic ecosystem; Flood pulse; Predation; Predator-prey interactions; Trophic niche.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252017000200215

Hábitos alimentarios de sagitta friderici ritter-zahony en las aguas costeras de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Sato, N. E.; Hernández, D.; Viñas, M. D.
Se determinó por primera vez la dieta de las poblaciones de Sagitta friderici, un quetognato dominante en las aguas costeras de Argentina. Las muestras fueron recolectadas mensualmente en la Estación Permanente de Estudios Ambientales (38° 28´ S, 57° 41´W, 48 m profundidad) desde marzo de 2000 hasta abril de 2001. Los copepoditos de las especies Oithona nana, Oithona spp. y  Calanoides carinatus y sus huevos fueron las presas dominantes. El porcentaje de quetognatos conteniendo alimento fluctuó entre 7 a 35 % con un valor medio de 21.71 ± 8.64 %. Este índice varió entre los diferentes meses, sin mostrar un claro patrón estacional. El número de presas ingeridas por quetognato fue más elevado en marzo y julio de 2000 que en los otros meses examinados; S....
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Predation.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4407

Estudio de la interrelaciones tróficas de dos elasmobranquios del Mar Argentino, en relación con las variaciones espacio-temporales y ambientales. Squalus acanthias (Squalidae) y Raja flavirostris (=Dipturus chilensis) (Rajidae).
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Garcia de la Rosa, S.B.
As a general rule, sharks and rays play an important role in the energy exchanges among higher trophic levels of the marine food chain and some of them, with an important impact as piscivorous predators.  Squalus acanthias (Squalidae) and  Raja flavirostris (=Dipturus chilensis )(Rajidae), are two elasmobranchs with high apparition frequencies in the SW Atlantic, in the coastal and demersal fishing trawls, co-existing and predating on the principal stocks of bony fish there located, especially the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi). Both species could be transformed into alternative fishing resources, even though they are not currently commercially developed as such. The knowledge on their biology, given in great detail, will provide information for a...
Tipo: Theses and Dissertations
Palavras-chave: Geographical distribution; Abundance; Size distribution; Feeding behaviour; Diets; Interspecific relationships; Predation; Food preferences; Shark fisheries; Geographical distribution; Feeding behaviour; Predation; Food preferences; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5083; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10778; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6162; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3024.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1487

Hábitos alimentarios y comportamiento trófico del caballito de mar (Hippocampus sp) en la bahía de San Antonio (Río Negro)
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Storero, L.P.
Los caballitos de mar, Hippocampus sp. (Syngnathidae), presentan rasgos característicos: escasa flexibilidad, natación lenta y hábitos sedentarios. Por otra parte, en la bahía San Antonio (Río Negro, Patagonia), el ambiente en el que viven presenta corrientes intensas, amplio rango de fluctuación térmica y variaciones en la disponibilidad de alimento. Estas características ambientales limitarían la capacidad de desplazamiento y predación de la especie, forzando a la adopción de una estrategia alimentaria de tipo oportunista. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron determinar la composición de la dieta del caballito de mar (Hippocampus sp.) en la bahía San Antonio a partir de contenidos estomacales e intestinales, y evaluar el comportamiento alimentario...
Tipo: Theses and Dissertations
Palavras-chave: Feeding behaviour; Nutrition; Predation; Predator prey interactions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5022

Alimentación de la merluza (Merluccius hubbsi) en el Golfo San Jorge y aguas adyacentes
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Sánchez, F.
The information obtained in summer research cruises carried out in 1995, 1999 and 2002 allowed to determine the trophic spectrum of common hake (Merluccius hubbsi) and to estimate anchovy (Engraulis anchoita) and hake consumption in the nursery area of the San Jorge Gulf and shelf adjacent waters (Argentine Sea, SW Atlantic). The area surveyed extended from 44ºS to 47ºS and between the 50-100 m isobaths. In the stomach content the most frequent items were crustaceans followed by fish. In all size groups sampled the presence of anchovy and common hake was observed. In the area assessed consumption of anchovy, weighted for the three summer months of 1995 was 56,639 t. The greatest predation pressure was observed on classes between 14-16 cm TL. Hake...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Predation; Trophic relationships; Marine environment; Predation; Marine environment; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6162; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4610.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3457

Ecología trófica de la pescadilla de red, Cynoscion guatucupa (Pisces: Sciaenidae), en aguas del Atlántico sudoccidental.
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: García, S.
Trophic spectrum of Cynoscion guatucupa (striped weakfish) was analyzed through stomach content of individuals coming from two areas of Buenos Aires coast (38° 30'S - 41° 30'S): Argentine - Uruguayan Fishing Common Zone (AUFCZ) and El Rincón area (Argentine Sea, SW Atlantic). The stomach contents of 3323 individual captured in research cruises carried out during 2004 and 2005 was determined. In the diet 39 prey items were identified corresponding to 4 Phyla. Trophic spectrum was determined with Index of Relative Importance (IRI), where fishes were the principal prey (72,53 percentage IRI), crustaceans were secondary prey (27,44 percentage IRI) and with minor values polychaetes and mollusk (0,2 percentageIRI) were found. Pelagic fish was the predominant...
Tipo: Theses and Dissertations
Palavras-chave: Feeding behaviour; Trophic levels; Stomach content; Food consumption; Predation; Food organisms; Shared stocks; Feeding behaviour; Trophic levels; Food consumption; Predation; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10778; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7969; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3016; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6162.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3583

Incidencia de la depredación por peces en corales pétreos de cuatro atolones del Archipiélago de San Andrés y Providencia (Caribe colombiano)
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Garzón-Ferreira, J.; Reyes-Nivia, M.C.
Based on data recorded in 1994 and 1995 during a basile study carried out at four western Cribbean atolls (Albuquerque, Courtown, Roncador and Serrana) of the San Andrés and Providencia archipelago, the incidence of hard coral predation by fishes and its relation witrh tthe abundance of the parrofishes Sparisoma viride and Scarus vetula was analyzed. Among affected corals, Montastraea annularis and M. faveolata showed the highest inciednce of fish bites (29.5% and 18.7% respectively). There were no significant differences between the atolls on the incidence of coral predation by fishes (Kruskall-Wallis, p=0.07). When comparing between geomorphologic units the lagoon showed the highest level of predation (14.3%), and also the largest populations of S....
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Predation; Predation; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6162.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3188

Ecología del cangrejo violinista Uca uruguayensis: distribución, comportamiento reproductivo y su interacción con aves migratorias.
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Ribeiro, P.D.
Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (Argentina)
Tipo: Theses and Dissertations
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Density; Distribution; Reproductive behaviour; Interspecific relationships; Abundance; Trophic relationships; Predation; Environmental conditions; Distribution; Reproductive behaviour; Ecology; Predation; Density; Environmental conditions; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35773; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37902; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2467; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6162; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2186; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32980.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2960

Efecto de la predación de Noctiluca scintillans Macartney, Sagitta friderici Ritter-Záhony y larvas de Engraulis anchoita Hubbs-Marini sobre la comunidad planctónica costera bonaerense
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Sato, N.E.
Studied the effect of the predation of Noctiluca scintillans, Sagitta friderici and larvae of Engraulis anchoita in planktonic community of the coastal waters off Buenos Aires province from samples obtained of a permanent station EPEA (38°28’ S, 57°41’ W, 48 m depth) from March 2000 through April 2001. The composition of the diet of the three species predators considering appearances quantitative and qualitative was determined. It found that N. scintillans consumed mainly diatoms and copepod eggs. The alimentary index varied between 27.50% and 77.00%. The highest value corresponded to September, 2000. The analyses of the diets of S. friderici and of the larvae of E. anchoita indicated that both consume mainly different stages of development of the same...
Tipo: Theses and Dissertations
Palavras-chave: Zooplankton; Fish larvae; Feeding behaviour; Predation; Seasonal variations; Food organisms; Predator prey interactions; Engraulis anchoita; Noctiluca scintillans; Sagitta friderici; Marine environment.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4778

Alimentación de Squalus acanthias y predación sobre Merluccius hubbsi en el Mar Argentino entre 34°47'-47°S.
Provedor de dados: Ocean Docs: e-repository of  publications
Autores: Garcia de la Rosa, S.B.; Sánchez, M.F.
The spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias is an euribatic, euritermic and cosmopolitan specie. In the Argentine Sea it consumes diversity of preys, characteristic of a generalist and oportunist feeder, butits principal food items are ctenophores, fishes and cephalopods.Diet overlap between sexes was found between 34°-37°S and 101-150 m,where males principally feed on fishes, squid and polichaetes,sharing only ctenophores and hake consumption with the females. Near 62 cm TL there is a shift in the diet, due to an increment of argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi and squid Illex argentinus predation and a diminution in ctenophores Pleurobrachia pileus eating. Feeding shows an increment from north to south, its mode on 42°-43°S.Argentine hake is an important prey...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Feeding behaviour; Predation; Stomach content; Trophic relationships; Feeding behaviour; Predation; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10778; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6162.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1938

The influence of competition and predation on production of meiobenthic copepods
Provedor de dados: Open Marine Archive
Autores: Heip, C.H.R.
An assemblage of meiobenthic copepods was monitored twice monthly between 1968 and 1976 in a shallow brackish water habitat. Four species dominated and accounted for nearly all the production. All species have only one or two generations per year and each peak has similar dynamic characteristics. Production is determined primarily by the number of generations, and it is suggested that competition and predation determine the life-history characteristics.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Competition; Predation; Copepoda [copepods].
Ano: 1980
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=6999

The life cycle of &lt;i&gt;Anguillicola crassus&lt;/i&gt;
Provedor de dados: Open Marine Archive
Autores: De Charleroy, D.; Grisez, L.; Thomas, K.; Belpaire, C.; Ollevier, F.P.
For some years now the parasitic swim bladder nematode &lt;i&gt;Anguillicola crassus&lt;/i&gt; of the European eel &lt;i&gt;Anguilla anguilla&lt;/i&gt; L., has been reported from several European countries. The entire life history of this parasite has recently been elucidated in our laboratory. Young larvae leave the swim bladder of the host via the pneumatic duct and reach the water through the digestive tract. They are ingested by small copepods (Cyclopoida), which act as intermediate hosts. Larvae remain in the hemocoel until the copepods are eaten by the final host, the European eel. Larvae penetrate through the intestinal wall and reach the swim bladder where they develop into adults. When infected copepods are eaten by other small fish, such as carp...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biological vectors; Disease transmission; Fish diseases; Food chains; Freshwater fish; Hosts; Life cycle; Parasites; Parasitic diseases; Predation; Predators; Swim bladder; Anguillicola crassus.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/3074.pdf

A model of nematode dynamics in the Westerschelde Estuary
Provedor de dados: Open Marine Archive
Autores: Li, J.; Vincx, M.; Herman, P.M.J.
We developed a time dynamic model to investigate the temporal dynamics of nematode community in the brackish zone of the Westerschelde Estuary. The biomass of four nematode feeding groups observed from March 1991 to February 1992 is used to calibrate the model. Using environmental data as the input, the model predicts the temporal modification and interrelation of four nematode feeding groups. Nematodes achieve a dominant position in the community because of their lower loss rate (in respiration, excretion and natural death). Predators which are deposit-feeding macrobenthos control the variations of dominant nematodes, such as omnivores and non-selective deposit feeders. Food availability causes modification only for rare nematodes such as epigrowth...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diatoms; Ecology; Food; Light; Marine nematodes; Meiobenthos; Population dynamics; Predation; Respiration; Temperature; Nematoda [Nematodes].
Ano: 1996
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=7284

Pachycondyla obscuricornis as natural enemy of the spittlebug Deois flavopicta
Provedor de dados: Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
Autores: Sujii,Edison Ryoiti; Garcia,Maria Alice; Fontes,Eliana Maria Gouveia; O'Neil,Robert James.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential control of the ant Pachycondyla obscuricornis Emery (Hymenoptera Formicidae) on populations of nymphs of the spittlebug, Deois flavopicta Stal (Hemiptera Cercopidae). Foraging behavior and prey consumption rate of P. obscuricornis were evaluated. Field data revealed that P. obscuricornis does not show aggressive behavior against individuals of the same species, when they are not carrying a prey; they can patrol distances larger than 10 m searching for prey, and they can build their nest as close as 1 m from each other. The ant has a solitary patrolling habit, there is no recruitment behavior, and individuals dislocate fast, browsing on soil and vegetation for prey. Predation rate on spittlebug nymphs...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Insecta; Biological control; Foraging behavior; Predation.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2004000600014

The Predatory Impacts of the Ahold/Pathmark Offer to Buy the Big V ShopRite Supermarket Chain
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Cotterill,   Ronald W.
This paper presents a unique empirical analysis of Salop and Scheffman’s raising rival’s cost theory of predation. The cost efficiency of cooperative wholesaling organizations including the nations largest, Wakefern Food Corporation, are highly susceptible to throughput volume. The Royal Ahold/Pathmark offer to purchase Wakefern’s largest member via a bankruptcy proceeding that attempted to supercede its membership contract, if consummated, would have reduced Wakefern’s volume by 13 percent. It also would have triggered a domino effect of other member exits because it would have raised the costs of supplying remaining members. This report marshals the available empirical evidence to demonstrate that the predatory move by Royal Ahold and Pathmark would most...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Predation; Market power; Wholesale concentration; Cost efficiency; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25216

An Antitrust Economic Analysis of Stop &amp; Shop's Proposed Acquisition of the Big V Shop Rite Supermarket Chain
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Cotterill,   Ronald W.
In early 2002, the Royal Ahold subsidiary, Stop &amp; Shop Supermarkets, offered to purchase the Big V supermarket chain, which was in bankruptcy court after three successive, unsuccessful leveraged buyouts over the past ten years. At a later date, Pathmark Supermarkets joined the offer to purchase. Big V was Wakefern Food Corporation’s largest member. The acquisition was a horizontal merger in at least three local markets, Newburgh NJ, Poughkeepsie NY, and Trenton NJ.  This research was conducted for the Wakefern Food Corporation who provided much of the underlying data and information. We presented this report to the Bureau of Competition, Federal Trade Commission in March 2002 and to the New Jersey and New York Attorney Generals, Antitrust Section in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Horizontal merger; Market power; Predation; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25194

External Effects of Mitigating Measures to Reduce Large Carnivore Predation on Sheep
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Asheim,   Leif Jarle; Mysterud,   Ivar.
Outfield range pastures with widely dispersed sheep are quite common in Norway, with a summer population of approximately 2.4 million animals. In many areas losses to predators are considerable and identifying efficient mitigating measures against predation is a prime target in nature management. In order to assess economic efficiency, any actual effect of the measure on predation and loss regime must be addressed. One problem with some research is the "scale problem". While sheep outfield home range areas have been measured from 2.2 - 33.8 km2, large carnivores on their ranges might use from several hundred up to even thousands of square kilometres. For lynx (Lynx lynx) the home range varies between 158 and 433 km2, wolverine (Gulo gulo) between 61 and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Carnivores; External effects; Home range areas; Livestock guard dogs; Predation; Preventive methods; Sheep losses.; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24342

Cymatium muricinum and other ranellid gastropods: major predators of cultured tridacnid clams.
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Govan,   Hugh.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Predators; Predation; Clam culture; Feeding behaviour; Reproduction; Recruitment; Environmental factors; Cymatium muricinum; Tridacnidae; Farm Management.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44728

Predatory behavior of Pseudodorus clavatus (Diptera, Syrphidae) on aphids tended by ants
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Entomologia
Autores: Bächtold,Alexandra; Del-Claro,Kleber.
Predatory behavior of Pseudodorus clavatus (Diptera, Syrphidae) on aphids tended by ants. In this study, we examined the interactions between myrmecophilous aphids, their ant-guards and a predatory syrphid species, Pseudodorus clavatus (F.). Larvae of this predator were found in the colonies of three aphid species: Aphis gossypii, A. spiraecola and Toxoptera sp., which were tended by eight ant species, especially Camponotus. Hoverfly larvae managed to infiltrate the aphid colonies and consume nymphs. Predator larvae exhibited inconspicuous movements and were not detected by ants which were commonly observed touching and antennating the larvae they come into contact. These results suggest that behavioral and chemical cues are involved in the infiltration...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cerrado; Myrmecophilous aphids; Predation; Syrphid.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262013000400017

First record of larvae of Chironomidae (Insecta, Diptera) as prey of Temnocephala sp. (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalidae), an ectosymbiont on larvae of Corydalidae (Megaloptera)
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Entomologia
Autores: Trivinho-Strixino,Susana; Silva,Fabio Laurindo da; Valente-Neto,Francisco.
First record of larvae of Chironomidae (Insecta, Diptera) as prey of Temnocephala sp. (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalidae), an ectosymbiont on larvae of Corydalidae (Megaloptera). This study constitutes the first record of Temnocephala Blanchard, an ectosymbiont on Corydalidae, as a possible predator of chironomid larvae. Twenty-eight Corydalidae larvae (Corydalus and Protochauliodes) were examined under stereomicroscopic in search for Temnocephala and Chironomidae larvae, of which five megalopteran larvae had 24 Temnocephala sp. associated. Furthermore, eight of these Temnocephala worms had chironomid larvae in their gut contents, an interaction previously unknown. Gut content analyses revealed Corynoneura as the commonest chironomid, but larvae of Larsia,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Commensalism; Corydalus; Predation; Protochauliodes.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262012000300021

Potencial de alimentação de Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae) em diferentes densidades de Uroleucon ambrosiae (Thomas, 1878) (Hemiptera, Aphididae)
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Entomologia
Autores: Auad,Alexander M.; Freitas,Sérgio de; Barbosa,Leonardo R.
Feeding potential of Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae) in different densities of Uroleucon ambrosiae (Thomas) (Hemiptera, Aphididae). The feeding potential of 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) in relation to different densities of 30, 40 and 50 nymphs of Uroleucon ambrosiae (Thomas, 1878) at 3rd and 4th instars was evaluated. The treatments were individualized into 2.5 cm in diameter and 8.5 cm tall flat bottom glass vials and maintained in a controlled environmental chamber at 25±2 ºC temperature, 70±10% RH and 14 h photophase. A completely randomized experimental design with 10 replications was used. The consumption of the prey nymphs by the predator larvae was evaluated after 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 h from...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aphids; Biological control; Green lacewing; Predation.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262003000100003

Developmental biology, polymorphism and ecological aspects of Stiretrus decemguttatus (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), an important predator of cassidine beetles
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Entomologia
Autores: Paleari,Lucia Maria.
Developmental biology, polymorphism and ecological aspects of Stiretrus decemguttatus (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), an important predator of cassidine beetles. Stiretrus decemguttatus is an important predator of two species of cassidine beetles, Botanochara sedecimpustulata (Fabricius, 1781) and Zatrephina lineata (Fabricius, 1787) (Coleoptera, Cassidinae), on the Marajó Island, Brazil. It attacks individuals in all development stages, but preys preferentially on late-instar larvae. Its life cycle in the laboratory was 43.70 ± 1.09 days, with an egg incubation period of six days and duration from nymph and adult stages of 16.31 ± 0.11 and 22.10 ± 1.67 days, respectively. The duration of one generation (T) was 12.65 days and the intrinsic population growth...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Asopinae; Color pattern; Ipomoeae asarifolia; Life table; Predation.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262013000100012

Type of prey influences biology and consumption rate of Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera, Anthocoridae)
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Entomologia
Autores: Mendes,Simone M.; Bueno,Vanda H. P.; Argolo,Valdirene M.; Silveira,Luis Cláudio P.
Generalist predators are capable of consuming different types of prey, and as each prey may have distinct nutritional values, each may have a distinct impact on the biology of the predator. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine how the consumption of different prey influences certain biological characteristics and the predatory capacity of Orius insidiosus (Say). The investigation was performed in climatic chamber at 25 ±1 ºC, RH 70 ± 10% and fotophase 12. Eggs of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller), adults of Caliothrips phaseoli (Hood) and nymphs of Aphis gossypii Glover were used as prey and were provided daily ad libitum for all the mobile stages of the predator. The results showed that biological parameters of O. insidiosus are affected...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fecundity; Longevity; Predation; Predatory capacity; Prey.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262002000100012

Observations on food preference of Neotropical land planarians (Platyhelminthes), with emphasis on Obama anthropophila , and their phylogenetic diversification
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Cseh,Amanda; Carbayo,Fernando; Froehlich,Eudóxia Maria.
ABSTRACT: The food preference of Obama anthropophila Amaral, Leal-Zanchet &amp; Carbayo, 2015, a species that seems to be spreading across Brazil&amp;#8217;s human-modified environments, was investigated. Extensive experiments led to the conclusion that the generalized diet of this species may have facilitated its dispersal. The analysis of 132 feeding records of 44 geoplaninid species revealed a tendency for closely related species to feed on individuals from similar taxonomic groups, suggesting that in this group behavioral evolution is more conserved than phylogenetic diversification.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diet; Flatworm; Geoplaninae; Predation; Soil fauna.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702017000100302

Aedes aegypti survival in the presence of Toxorhynchites violaceus (Diptera: Culicidae) fourth instar larvae
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Albeny,Daniel S; Martins,Gustavo F; Andrade,Mateus R; Krüger,Rodrigo F; Vilela,Evaldo F.
The mosquito Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) is the main vector of dengue and yellow fever viruses. Different methods have been used to control A. aegypti, including chemical and biological tools. However, chemical control can lead to a subsequent increase in the mosquitoes' insecticide resistance, and biological control represents an important method as an alternative to insecticide usage. Larvae from the Toxorhynchites genus (Diptera: Culicidae) are predators of other mosquitoes and represent a potential natural biocontrol agent of A. aegypti larvae. In the present work, A. aegypti larval survival was studied in the presence of the neotropical Toxorhynchites violaceus (Wiedemann, 1821) fourth instar larvae. Toxorhynchites violaceus consumption of A....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Predation; Survival.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702011000400017

Factors affecting escape distance in birds
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Piratelli,Augusto J.; Favoretto,Gabriela R.; Maximiano,Marina F. de Almeida.
ABSTRACT The flight initiation distance has been used either to understand the cost-benefit trade-offs related to the risk of predation or as an important tool for wildlife managers. Although this variable is well-discussed for temperate regions, it is still poorly known in the Neotropics. Here we analyze the escape behavior of birds from southeastern Brazil, comparing an urban to a non-urban area. We tested for the influence of sites (urban vs. non-urban area), approaching (by one vs. two people), daytime (morning vs. afternoon), seasons (breeding vs. non-breeding) and body mass on the determination of the initial (FID) and final (FFD) flight distances across different bird species. We predict that FID will be greater in rural areas and under a greater...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Behavior; Energetic; Neotropical; Predation; Urban.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702015000600438

Selective consumption of rodents by the Variable hawk Geranoaetus polyosoma (Accipitriformes: Accipitridae) in the Atacama Desert, northern Chile
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Muñoz-Pedreros,Andrés; Norambuena,Heraldo V.; Gil,Claudia; Rau,Jaime.
ABSTRACT Geranoaetus polyosoma (Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1824) is a diurnal raptor widely distributed in South America. Although the trophic ecology of this bird has been more studied in the southern extreme of its range, little information is available on its dietary response to prey supply in desert environments. In the present study, we report on the trophic ecology of G. polyosoma in a sub-urban desert zone in northern Chile, with the following objectives: (1) to quantitatively describe its diet and (2) to determine its dietary selectivity in response to prey supply in the study area. The diet of G. polyosoma consisted mainly of rodents (97.2%). A greater preference (p &lt; 0.05) was observed for the following large prey items (&gt; 19.5 g): two native...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diet; Predation; Red-backed hawk; Trophic ecology.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702020000100330

Diet and trophic niche of Lithobates catesbeianus (Amphibia: Anura)
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Leivas,Peterson T.; Leivas,Fernando W. T.; Moura,Maurício O.
Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802) is an invasive anuran introduced in Brazil that is associated with the displacement and the decline of populations of native species worldwide. There is evidence that biological invasions are facilitated by certain attributes of the invading species, for instance niche breath, and that invasive species have a broader ecological niche with respect to native ones. We designed a study to ascertain the temporal, ontogenetic, and sex differences in the niche dynamics of the American bullfrog. We sampled monthly from June 2008 to May 2009 in the state of Paraná, southern Brazil. For each individual, we gathered biometric and stomach content data. We then estimated the niche breath of the juveniles and adults, and compared it...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biological invasion; Bullfrog; Predation.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702012000500003

Is the spider a good biological control agent for Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)?
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Huang,Xuan; Quan,Xiaoyu; Wang,Xia; Yun,Yueli; Peng,Yu.
ABSTRACT Spiders, as predators of insects and other invertebrates, are an important part of the natural enemies, and they are recognized as an important biological control agent. Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758), the diamondback moth (DBM), is a well-known and destructive insect pest of brassicaceous crops worldwide. Here, we analyzed the functional responses of four spiders (Araneae) - Ebrechtella tricuspidata (Fabricius, 1775) (Thomisidae), Pardosa laura (Karsch, 1879) (Lycosidae), Pardosa astrigera (Koch, 1878) (Lycosidae), and Pardosa pseudoannulata (Bösenberg &amp; Strand, 1906) (Lycosidae) - on P. xylostella larvae. We also analyzed intraspecific disturbances in the predation reaction and the intensity of scrambling competition of the spiders to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diamondback moth; Ebrechtella tricuspidata; Pardosa laura; Pardosa astrigera; Pardosa pseudoannulata; Predation.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702018000100333

Zooplankton capturing by Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Teleostei: Cichlidae) throughout post-larval development
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Ibrahim,Adriana N.A. Fattah; Noll,Maria S.M. Castilho; Valenti,Wagner C.
ABSTRACT The Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758), uses filter feeding and visual predation to catch prey. In filter feeding, the mucus secreted in their gill rakers traps planktonic organisms. In visual predation, the fish spot and capture food, eating it directly. At different ontogenetic stages, the Nile tilapia may impact the zooplankton community differently, since it changes how it captures its prey. The objective in this study was to verify which zooplankton groups contribute to the diet of O. niloticus at the post-larval stage, and if the way they capture food may determine prey size. We evaluated the diet of Nile tilapia kept in ponds for four months. We randomly removed one fish per pond every month. Stomach contents and gills of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Filtration; Microcrustaceans; Predation; Rotifers.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702015000600469

Shelter building behavior of Pyrrhopyge papius (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) and the use of the Mayfield method for estimating survivorship of shelter-building Lepidopteran larvae
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Greeney,Harold F.; Walla,Thomas R.; Jahner,Josh; Berger,Ryan.
Estimating the survivorship of lepidopteran larvae in the field poses many problems, most notably the potential for monitored subjects to simply wander away. Larvae of the family Hesperiidae, however, construct and dwell in shelters built out of leaf tissue on their host plants, return to their shelters between feeding bouts, and build a predictable series of shelters during larval ontogeny. Here we describe the shelter building behavior of Pyrrhopyge papius Hopffer, 1874 from northeastern Ecuador. Subsequently we test the use of the Mayfield method, a widely-used ornithological method for estimating survivorship of nests, to examine its utility for monitoring survival in free-living hesperiid larvae. Pyrrhopyge papius builds three distinct shelter types...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Caterpillar; Ecuador; Predation; Skipper; Survival.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702010000600005

The role of Asterina stellifera (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) as a predator in a rocky intertidal community in southern Brazil
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Calil,Patrícia; Rocha,Rosana M. da; Freire,Carolina A.; Roper,James J.
Populations of Asterina stellifera Möbius, 1859 are declining in southern Brazil and today the species is on the Brazilian list of endangered species. Here we experimentally investigate the ecological role played by A. stellifera as a predator on the rocky substrate community by increasing densities of this species. Starfish taken from other, nearby, locations were added to three replicate plots and their density was maintained every 15 days. None of the total of 32 species that were identified in the encrusting community appeared to be influenced by the experiment. Two species, the barnacle Chthamalus bisinuatus Pilsbry, 1916 and the algae Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson), showed small apparent responses to predation. We found that A. stellifera only exerts...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Experiment; Predation; Rocky coast; Starfish.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702009000200010

Falco sparverius (Aves: Falconiformes) preying upon Nyctinomops laticaudatus (Chiroptera: Molossidae)
Provedor de dados: Revista Brasileira de Zoologia
Autores: Aguiar,Ludmilla Moura de Souza; Motta,Adarene; Esberárd,Carlos.
In Brazil, there are two published references on the diet of American kestrel falcons, Falco sparverius Linnaeus, 1758, and one is for the Cerrado biome. The only mammal prey so far found in the diet of F. sparverius was the rodent Calomys tener (Winge, 1887). Herein we report on daily hunting activities by American kestrel falcons at a factory in the city of Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, during an attempt to remove a bat colony. Two American kestrel falcons were observed on 14 occasions during two consecutive days: in two of these occasions, they were hunting in pairs, from 12:00 p.m. to 3:00 p.m. on 06/X/2003, and from 07:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. on 07/X/2003. During this period, American kestrel falcons made 27 hunting attempts...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bats; Brazil; Cerrado; Predator; Predation.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702012000200011

Seed predation in a Mediterranean pasture: can ants modify the floristic composition of soil seed banks?
Provedor de dados: Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
Autores: ESPIGARES,TÍSCAR; LÓPEZ-PINTOR,ANTONIO.
Ants may play an important role on vegetation dynamics, especially in arid and semiarid environments, where they can consume a high proportion of the produced seeds. Although some works have analysed the influence of seed predation by ants on the density of vegetation in Mediterranean pastures, there are no studies on the influence of ant activity upon the floristic composition of the vegetation and the soil seed banks in this kind of ecosystem. We have studied the effect of ant exclusion on the floristic composition of the vegetation and the soil seed bank in a Mediterranean pasture of central Spain. We sampled the floristic composition of the pasture during 2002 and 2003 springs and also we collected soil seed bank samples in autumn 2002. Floristic...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Annual pasture; Ant exclusion; Predation; Soil seed bank; Spatial heterogeneity.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2005000400002

Tail autotomy effects on the escape behavior of the lizard Gonatodes albogularis (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae), from Córdoba, Colombia
Provedor de dados: Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
Autores: Domínguez-López,Moisés E; Ortega-león,Ángela M; Zamora-abrego,Gastón J.
BACKGROUND: Caudal autotomy appears to be an adaptation strategy to reduce the risk of being preyed upon. In an encounter with a predator, the prey must reduce the risk of being preyed upon, and one of the strategies that has exerted a strong pressure on selection has been tail loss. In lizards, it has been demonstrated that tail loss reduces the probability of survival in the event of a second attack; therefore, they must resort to new escape strategies to reduce the risk of falling prey. In order to evaluate the effect of tail loss on the escape behavior of Gonatodes albogularis in natural conditions, we took samples from a forest interior population. We expected that individuals that had not lost their tails would allow the predator to get closer than...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Caudal autotomy; Escape behavior; Predation; G. albogularis.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2015000100001

Reproductive timing and larval dispersal of intertidal crabs: the predator avoidance hypothesis
Provedor de dados: Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
Autores: CHRISTY,JOHN H.
Many intertidal and shallow water crabs have strong reproductive cycles and migratory larvae. Females release larvae near the time of high water of the larger amplitude nocturnal tides during the semilunar or lunar cycles. Newly hatched larvae move quickly at night toward and into the sea where, weeks later, they develop to megalopae that then ride nocturnal flood tides inshore and up estuaries to settle in adult habitats. It was first thought that crabs might time larval release so that larvae will become megalopae when they can ride the larger amplitude spring flood tides to adult habitats. This idea was rejected when it was found that were was no change in the timing of hatching during the breeding season by several estuarine species that would...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Larval release; Larval dispersal; Crabs; Reproductive timing; Plankton; Predation.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2003000200005

Anuran larvae as prey and hosts of invertebrates in neotropical aquatic habitats
Provedor de dados: Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
Autores: Gambale,Priscilla Guedes; Batista,Vinícius Guerra; Oda,Fabrício Hiroiuki; Campos,Renata Mayara; Takemoto,Ricardo Massato; Bastos,Rogério Pereira.
BACKGROUND: Biotic processes, such as predation and parasitism events, are crucial for answering questions in ecology and evolution. Here, we report predation and ectoparasitism events of invertebrates upon tadpoles in aquatic habitats of southern Brazil. FINDINGS: Four lentic water bodies were sampled twice a month (December 2012 to March 2013). Those water bodies were located in the Diamante do Norte County, State of Paraná, southern Brazil. The tadpoles, Dendropsophus aff. minutus, Hypsiboas raniceps, Scinax fuscovarius, Physalaemus cuvieri and Elachistocleis bicolor were observed being predated by six different invertebrate predators. However, Leptodactylus fuscus and Pseudis sp. were also recorded on the same water bodies and were not observed being...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Tadpoles; Anura; Predation; Parasitism; Brazil.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2014000100026

Mortality of the outbreak defoliator Ormiscodes amphimone (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) caused by natural enemies in northwestern Patagonia, Argentina
Provedor de dados: Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
Autores: PARITSIS,JUAN; QUINTERO,CAROLINA; KITZBERGER,THOMAS; VEBLEN,THOMAS T.
Outbreaks of the defoliator moth Ormiscodes amphimone are occurring more frequently in numerous Nothofagus forests of Patagonia. However, little is known about the life history of this species including its natural enemies as mortality agents. In this work we quantified mortality by parasitoids and generalist predators at the egg, larval and pupal life stages of O. amphimone in a Nothofagus pumilio (Poepp. &amp;amp; Endl.) Krasser forest in northwestern Patagonia. Parasitism of eggs was relatively low (ca. 11 %), and we did not record significant larval predation by insectivorous birds. However, we recorded elevated mortality caused by larval parasitoids (ca. 50 % in third instar larvae) and pupal predators (ca. 75 %), which suggests that these natural...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Entomopathogenic nematode; Hyposoter; Nothofagus; Parasitoids; Predation.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2012000100009

Manipulation of fire ant density, Solenopsis spp., for short-term reduction of Diatraea saccharalis larval densities in Brazil
Provedor de dados: Scientia Agricola
Autores: Rossi,Marcelo Nogueira; Fowler,Harold Gordon.
The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (Fabr.) is the main sugarcane pest in Brazil. In the State of São Paulo, the main active population control of D. saccharalis is by inundative releases of the exotic parasitoid, Cotesia flavipes (Cam.). However, the production of C. flavipes in sugar mills entails costs and few studies have evaluated the effects of native predators on sugarcane borer populations. Using a simple colony translocation method, we evaluated the effect of fire ants (Solenopsis spp.) on population densities of D. saccharalis and concurrently upon rates of parasitism by classical biological control agents in the São João sugar mill in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The translocation technique proved to be feasible and economically...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sugarcane borer; Predation; Colony translocation; Parasitoids.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162002000200027

Identificação de predadores de Orphulella punctata (de Geer) (Orthoptera, Acrididae) através da serologia
Provedor de dados: Zoologia
Autores: Cassaro-Silva,Marta; Serrão,José Eduardo; Sousa-Silva,Carlos; Marques-Pacheco,Josué.
Females of Orphulella punctata (de Geer, 1794) were captured in the field and kept in cages with food and boxes filled with moist soil for oviposition. The eggs, macerated with 0,85% saline solution and centrifugated, were used as the immunizing antigen for obtention of the specific antiserum (AS-O). Rabbits were immunized by the linphonodule injection method with two injections of this antigen, with an interval of 15 days between the 1st and 2nd inoculations. Serological tests were performed using double diffusion in agar gel with homologous and heterologous antigens. Specific serological reactions were obtained 14 days after the 1st inoculation. The antiserum of the 30th day gave 5, 2-4 and 1-4 precipitation lines respectively with eggs, female and male...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Insecta; Arthropod; Grasshopper; Antiserum; Antigen; Biological control; Predation.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752001000100007

Development of Myrmeleon brasiliensis (Navás) (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae), in laboratory, with different natural diets
Provedor de dados: Zoologia
Autores: Missirian,Giani L. B.; Uchôa-Fernandes,Manoel A.; Fischer,Erich.
Antlions larvae are sit-and-wait predators that capture arthropod prey in conical sand pits. The aim of this paper were to determine the effect of different natural diets [leaf-cutting ants (Atta spp.), fruit fly larvae (Anastrepha spp. and Ceratitis capitata) and mixed diet (Atta spp. plus fruit fly larvae)] on the development of larvae and pupae of M. brasiliensis (Navás, 1914) and to estimate the number and size of prey caught in each instar and on each kind of diet. The average duration (days) of the second and third instars of M. brasiliensis was longer when larvae of antlion were fed with leaf-cutting ants. The diets did not affect the duration of the pupal stage nor the pupae size. The different diets did not affect the mean width of head capsule...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antlion; Life history; Predation.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752006000400009

Snakes preying on bats: new records from Brazil and a review of recorded cases in the Neotropical Region
Provedor de dados: Zoologia
Autores: Esbérard,Carlos E. L.; Vrcibradic,Davor.
Predation on bats by snakes is relatively infrequently reported in the literature, though it may actually not be an uncommon phenomenon, since bat colonies represent a potential concentration of food for many medium-sized or large snakes. Herein we describe four events of bat predation by snakes and present a review of predation records of snakes on bats in the Neotropics compiled from the literature. A total of 20 species of snakes have been recorded so far as predators of bats in the New World tropics, with boiids being represented by the greatest number of cases. Due to the semi-arboreal habits of most of its species, their large size and their usual preference for mammalian prey, the Boiidae are probably the main reptilian predators of bats in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Boidae; Colubridae; Feeding habits; Predation.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752007000300036

Associações entre larvas de Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius) e Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) (Diptera, Calliphoridae) em condições experimentais
Provedor de dados: Zoologia
Autores: Aguiar-Coelho,Valéria M; Queiroz,Margareth M.C; Milward-de-Azevedo,Eliane M.V.
This paper has the purpose of studying the interspecif relationships of larvae of Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius) and Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) in laboratory. The experiments were conducted on climatized chamber set at 30ºC, 60+10% UR and 14h photophase. The relation of 1 larva/g diet was established. The association influence of post-embrionary development duration of both species. The association with Chrysomya albiceps influenced the weight of mature larvae of Cochliomyiia macellaria. reducing it significantly. Such weight decrease, along with the predation of larvae of C. macellaria larvae, yielded a decrease in survival in all of the stages.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Blowfly; Interspecific relationship; Larval development; Predation.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81751995000400025

Intraseasonal variation in a population of Fountainea ryphea (Cramer) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)
Provedor de dados: Zoologia
Autores: Caldas,Astrid.
A different approach was used for the key-factor method in a population study of the tropical butterfly Fountainea ryphea (Cramer, [1776]) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae), marking 20 artificial cohorts to identify the mortality levels and associated instars responsible for the variation in numbers within the season of occurrence, when generations overlap broadly. Highest mortality was detected during first instar in 13 cohorts; during second instar in three cohorts; third and fourth instars suffered highest mortality twice. Results showed that first instar mortality due to rainfall and predation, and parasitism on fourth instar could be the main factors promoting differences in number between cohorts throughout the season, although no density-dependent...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bracon; K-factor; Parasitism; Predation.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81751996000200009

Functional response of Cydnodromus picanus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Provedor de dados: Acta Agronómica
Autores: Tello-Mercado,Víctor Ernesto; Zarzar-Maza,Miguel Esteban; Suarez-Pantoja,Angélica María.
Abstract: The functional response of adult females of predatory mite Cydnodromus picanus Ragusa (Acari: Phytoseiidae) was evaluated at different egg densities (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 100 and 150 eggs per predator) of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), which had 16, 42 and 65 h since oviposition. The experimental design was in a completely randomized blocks with five replicates per treatment. The environmental conditions of the trials were 25±2°C temperature, 50±2% of relative humidity and a photoperiod of 16:8 hours (light: dark). The average consumption rates for the three kinds of prey showed no significant differences (p&gt;0.05) being 20.56±1.02, 18.59±0.79 and 18.38±0.94 prey/predator for eggs of 16, 42 and 65 h age,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Predation; Holling's disc equation; Attack rate; Handling time.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-28122017000200275

Nesting and neonates of the yellow-spotted river turtle (Podocnemis unifilis, Podocnemididae) in the Araguari River basin, eastern Amazon, Brazil
Provedor de dados: Acta Amazonica
Autores: Arraes,Débora Regina dos Santos; Tavares-Dias,Marcos.
Predation and alteration of microhabitats may represent high risk for nesting of Amazonian turtles. This study aimed at investigating the nesting and body parameters of neonates of Podocnemis unifilis in the Araguari River basin, State of Amapá, Brazil. The spawning sites of this turtle were monitored along the Falsino River (a region with two reserves) and in the urban area of the Porto Grande city along the Araguari River, from August to December 2011. A total of 180 nests were found and the nesting occurred from September to November, with prevalence in October. Eggs hatching occurred in December. The mean incubation period was 63.5 ± 5.2 days and the eggs hatching success was 25%. However, approximately 80% of the nests had suffered predation mainly by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Body condition; Chelonian; Eggs; Predation.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672014000300012

The role of historical and ecological factors on initial survival of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. (Fabaceae)
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Fagundes,Marcílio; Costa,Fernanda Vieira da; Antunes,Suélen Ferreira; Maia,Maria Luiza Bicalho; Queiroz,Antônio César Medeiros de; Oliveira,Leonardo Queiroz; Faria,Maurício Lopes de.
The plant population dynamic is affected by ecological and evolutionary processes that operate at all stages of the plant life cycle. The aim of this study was to characterize the seed and seedling performance of Copaifera langsdorffii by testing four hypotheses: the resource concentration hypothesis; the relationship between seed size and germinability hypothesis; the relationship between seed size and seedling vigor hypothesis; and the intraspecific seedling competition hypothesis. All seeds used in the experiments were collected from 35 C. langsdorffii plants located in a fragment of the Brazilian cerrado (savanna). The number of fruits per plant negatively affected Rhinochenus brevicollis attacks on C. langsdorffii seeds. Therefore, this result does...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Plant competition; Predation; Rhinochenus brevicollis; Seed size; Seedling development.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062013000400005

First report of predation on floral visitors by crab spiders on Croton selowii Baill. (Euphorbiaceae)
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Novo,Reinaldo Rodrigo; Souza,Jefferson Thiago; Castro,Cibele Cardoso de.
In the literature it has been extensively mentioned that crab spiders (Araneae: Thomisidae) prey on floral visitors of several plant species. Here we present observations of Croton selowii Baill. (Euphorbiaceae), a monoecious species harboring individuals of crab spiders in an area of coastal vegetation of Pernambuco state, Brazil. The species is visited by several invertebrate orders, and some of them were preyed upon by the spiders, mainly Diptera species. The spiders rubbed the forelimbs within the flowers, which may constitute a strategy to camouflage these structures. Croton selowii seems to represent a suitable foraging site for the spiders, because it has a generalist pollination system (thus being visited by a wide range of invertebrate species)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Pollination; Predation; Coastal vegetation.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062010000200029

Pre-dispersal seed predation and abortion in species of Callisthene and Qualea (Vochysiaceae) in a Neotropical savanna
Provedor de dados: Acta Botanica Brasilica
Autores: Custódio,Luciana Nascimento; Carmo-Oliveira,Renata; Mendes-Rodrigues,Clesnan; Oliveira,Paulo Eugênio.
The ability of plants to generate fertile offspring is influenced by morpho-physiological and ecological factors. Hence, reproductive success is directly linked to factors affecting quantity and quality of their progeny. In the Cerrado (savanna) of Brazil, the Vochysiaceae is a widely distributed and ecologically important family. Factors affecting pre-dispersal seed predation and abortion were studied for populations of Callisthene fasciculata, C. major, Qualea multiflora and Q. parviflora. To characterize differences between genera, as well as among species, study areas, and individuals, we quantified pre-dispersal seed predation and abortion. Differences of seed abortion among the species were related to intrinsic reproductive features and not to area...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Seed set; Abortion; Predation; Beetles; Neotropics; Savanna; Cerrado.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062014000300002

Influence of aquatic plants on the predation of Piaractus mesopotamicus larvae by Pantala flavescens - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v32i2.5167
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Biological Sciences
Autores: Lacerda, Carlos Henrique Figueiredo; Hayashi, Carmino; Soares, Claudemir Martins; UEM; Fernandes, Carlos Eduardo Bento; UEM.
The experiment aimed to study the influence of the aquatic plants E. najas, P. stratiotes and S.  auriculata on the predation of P. mesopotamicus larvae by P. flavescens. One hundred and twenty larvae of P.  mesopotamicus and 24 larvae of P.  flavescens were placed in 24 aquariums with capacity of 12 L, with one Odonate per aquarium. Treatments were different regarding the species of aquatic plants E. najas, S. auriculata and P.  stratiotes, with one control treatment without aquatic plants. One aquarium (12 L) containing one Odonate and 30 P.  mesopotamicus larvae was considered one experimental unit. After 18 hours, the Odonates were removed from the aquariums and fish larvae left (alive) were counted in each experimental unit. The survival rate of P....
Palavras-chave: Larvae; Piaractus mesopotamicus; Pantala flavescens; Predation; Aquatic plants Larvae; Piaractus mesopotamicus; Pantala flavescens; Predation; Aquatic plants.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciBiolSci/article/view/5167

Alimentação de Serrasalmus maculatus (Kner, 1858) (Characiformes; Serrasalmidae) no trecho inferior bacia do rio Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brasil - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v30i3.5011
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Biological Sciences
Autores: Villares Junior, Gilberto Aparecido; UNESP; Gomiero, Leandro Muller; UNESP; Goitein, Roberto; UNESP.
O objetivo foi abordar a alimentação de Serrasalmus maculatus. A captura dos exemplares foi realizada com a utilização de redes de emalhar de malhas entre 3 a 8 cm entre nós opostos, totalizando 100 m. Foram coletados 107 indivíduos com comprimento-padrão variando entre 62 e 210 mm, representados principalmente por fêmeas e imaturos. Nenhum indivíduo foi capturado em temperaturas inferiores a 21&amp;ordm;C. Ocorreram quatro categorias de itens alimentares nos estômagos analisados, a saber: pedaços de musculatura de peixe, partes de nadadeiras, fragmentos de vegetais e insetos. Foram feitas comparações entre as classes de comprimento mostrando que ocorrem diferenças significativas nos itens alimentares consumidos na maioria dessas classes. A partir da...
Palavras-chave: 2.00.00.00-6    Ciências Biológicas dieta; Piranhas; Predação; Rio Sorocaba. diet; Piranhas; Predation; Sorocaba river.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciBiolSci/article/view/5011

Utilização da serologia na identificação de Ascia monuste orseis (Latreille, 1819) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v31i2.515
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Biological Sciences
Autores: Costa, Fabiano de Mello; UFSCAR; Loffredo, Ana Paula da Silva; UFSCAR; Onody, Helena Caroline; UFSCAR; Sousa-Silva, Carlos Roberto; UFSCAR.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo obter antissoro específico paraAscia monuste orseis (Latreille, 1819) com a finalidade de identificar seus predadores. Para a obtenção do antissoro, um coelho foi imunizado, via linfonódulo, com uma injeção de antígeno obtido pela maceração de lagartas do 4o e 5o instares de A. monuste orseis. Reações serológicas homólogas, realizadas por meio do método de dupla difusão em ágar, foram positivas após 21 dias da 1a inoculação do antígeno. Ovos, lagartas do 1o, 2o e 3o instares, pupas e adultos de A. monuste orseis também reagiram positivamente ao antissoro obtido.
Palavras-chave: 2.00.00.00-6 Ciências Biológicas Insecta; Controle biológico; Antissoros; Predação Insecta; Biological control; Antiserum; Predation.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciBiolSci/article/view/515

Effect of the spatial heterogeneity on the predation of Scinax fuscovarius and Physalaemus cuvieri tadpoles by Odonata larvae - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v32i2.4835
Provedor de dados: Acta Scientiarum: Biological Sciences
Autores: Fulan, João Ânderson; Universidade Federal do Amazonas; Almeida, Silvio César; Unesp-Botucatu.
The objective of this work were to analyze the effect of predation by Odonata naiads on two amphibian species with distinct habits – benthic and mid-water – and to verify whether the presence and architecture of macrophytes can mediate this interaction. All tadpoles and Odonata larvae were captured in a temporary pond. Sixteen tanks were used for three different treatments: Pistia, Salvinia and no macrophytes. Ten tadpoles of each species and two Odonata larvae were placed in each tank. The survival of tadpoles according to treatments was assessed through analysis of repeated measures. We concluded that the survival of P. cuvieri and S. fuscovarius tadpoles was not affected by the presence and architecture of the macrophytes (Pistia and Salvinia) or by...
Palavras-chave: Ciências Biológicas; Ecologia Tadpole; Macrophyte; Odonata; Predation Ecologia Tadpole; Macrophyte; Odonata; Predation.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciBiolSci/article/view/4835

Predation bite-marks on a peirosaurid crocodyliform from the Upper Cretaceous of Neuquén Province, Argentina
Provedor de dados: Ameghiniana
Autores: Fiorelli,Lucas Ernesto.
Bite marks and injuries caused by intraspecific predation or aggressive social behavior are un-common in fossil vertebrates, and in the fossil record of suchian archosaurs they are extremely unusual. A peirosaurid crocodyliform collected from the Upper Cretaceous beds of the Neuquén Group (northern Patagonia, Argentina) shows abundant bite marks and injuries. These injuries are spread across all the preserved parts of the specimen, with the highest concentration of bite marks, perforations and breakage in the caudal region. Characteristics of these injuries are analyzed, and their possible origin and related taphonomic aspects are assessed. Results indicate that the injuries were not produced by intraspecific fighting, but probably by the predating action...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bite marks; Predation; Peirosaurid; Upper Cretaceous; Neuquén.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0002-70142010000300009

Uso de serologia na identificação de predadores de Orphulella punctata (De Geer) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
Provedor de dados: Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil
Autores: Serrão,José E.; Silva,Marta da; Sousa-Silva,Carlos R.; Pacheco,Josué M.
Serological techniques were used to study Orphulella punctata (De Geer) predators. For preparation of antiserum, rabbits were immunized by the limphonodule injection method with antigens obtained from O. punctata male. Serological tests were performed using double diffusion in agar gel. Specific serological reactions were obtained 13 days after the 1st inoculation. After the 2nd inoculation 5 precipitation lines were observed. In the reactions with female antigens there were 2-4 lines, while egg antigens showed 2 lines. These variations in the number of lines were attributed to different physiological states and to ontogeny. Positive reactions were observed for spiders and chrysopids captured in the field.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Insecta; Antiserum; Predation; Serological technique.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0301-80591997000200021

Interaction between ants and plants bearing extrafloral nectaries in cerrado vegetation
Provedor de dados: Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil
Autores: Oliveira,Paulo S.; Pie,Marcio R.
Extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) are nectar-secreting glands not directly involved with pollination which may occur on virtually all above-ground plant parts of angiosperms. Recent studies revealed that such glands are widely distributed amongst the woody flora of the Brazilian cerrados. Plants bearing EFNs are visited day and night by a diverse assemblage of nectarivorous ants. In this review we present the data gathered during the past 15 years on the interaction between ants and EFN-bearing plants in cerrado vegetation. Field experiments indicate that ants visiting EFNs may prey or attack insect herbivores on the plant foliage, significantly reducing herbivore damage to leaves, buds or flowers. As a response, some herbivore species have developed an array...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Insecta; Hymenoptera; Herbivory; Mutualism; Predation.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0301-80591998000200001

First record of the fireworm Hermodice carunculata (Annelida, Polychaeta) preying on colonies of the fire coral Millepora alcicornis (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa)
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: Pérez,Carlos Daniel; Gomes,Paula Braga.
The polychaete Hermodice carunculata is a voracious predator of several benthic organisms and one of the preferential groups in its diet is that of the cnidarians. This note presents the first record of a fireworm preying on the calcified hydroid Millepora alcicornis. The fireworm engulfs the terminal branches of the fire coral and spends several minutes scraping the surface and removing the soft tissues. Despite this being one of the most common calcified hydroids of the Brazilian northern and northeastern regions (and home to a vast associated community), this kind of association had never been recorded. This discovery points to the need of studying such associations because the damage caused by this polychaete is irreversible and depending on the amount...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Amphinomidae; Calcified hydroid; Predation; Brazil.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032012000200022

Dangerous neighborhood: saurophagy between syntopic Tropidurus lizards
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: Passos,Daniel Cunha; Monteiro,Felipe Augusto Correia; Nogueira,Carlos Henrique de Oliveira.
Saurophagy constitutes an important source of mortality among lizards and has been reported for the genus Tropidurus. However, the extension of this behavior remains unknown. Herein, we record the predation of T. jaguaribanus by its congener T. hispidus. This is the first report of saurophagy among different species of syntopicTropidurus. Furthermore, whereas published records of saurophagy tend to be directed against juveniles, this case involved two adult individuals.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Predation; Mortality; Agonistic interactions; Tropiduridae; Caatinga.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032016000100405

Ferruginous Pygmy-owl (Glaucidium brasilianum) predation on a mobbing Fork-tailed Flycatcher (Tyrannus savana) in south-east Brazil
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: Motta-Junior,José Carlos.
I observed, and documented in detail, Ferruginous Pygmy Owl (Glaucidium brasilianum) predation on a mobbing Fork-tailed Flycatcher (Tyrannus savanna) in south-east Brazil. Events described in this account are supported with original photos. In addition to the predation event, I list 12 mobbing bird species that were alarmed by the presence of this raptor in the study area, including Trochilidae (Eupetomena macroura), Formicariidae (Formicivora rufa), Tyrannidae (Camptostoma obsoletum, Elaenia cristata, E. flavogaster, E. chiriquensis, T. savana, Myiarchus tyrannulus), Turdidae (Turdus leucomelas, T. amaurochalinus, T. rufiventris) and Emberizidae (Coryphospingus cucullatus). The Fork-tailed Flycatcher may represent 35-76.8% of the pygmy-owl body mass...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Owls; Tyrant-flycatchers; Mobbing behaviour; Predation; Eyespots; Brazil.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032007000200038

Diet and ecomorphology of predator fish species of the Amazonian floodplain lakes
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: Cardoso,Diogo Campos; deHart,Pieter; Freitas,Carlos Edwar de Carvalho; Siqueira-Souza,Flávia Kelly.
Abstract: Amazonian floodplain lakes host a high diversity of predatory fish which coexist and exploit the high diversity of available prey. Morphology could be the characteristic most closely associated with their preferred feeding sources (prey). However, it is unclear whether this association is direct or indirect. If it is indirect, swimming performance or preferential position in the water column could be the most evident characteristic. To examine the degree to which fish morphology of predator fish species is correlated to their dietary inputs, we compared the existence of morphological and feeding dissimilarity among eight predator species with the association between predator morphologies and preferred prey. We collected, measured, and sampled the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Feeding behavior; Morphological Attributes; Predation; Amazonian floodplain lakes.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032019000300204

Intra annual seed production and availability of two morphotypes of Brosimum rubescens taubert in forests of the Colombian Amazon
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: Rivera,Luis Eduardo; Peãuela,María Cristina; Moreno,Flavio.
We assessed the reproductive phenology, production, and availability of seeds for two morphotypes of Brosimum rubescens Taub. (Moraceae), locally known as black palosangre (BP) and white palosangre (WP) during an annual cycle in a 20-ha mega plot located in a primary forest at the El Zafire Biological Station, in the Colombian Amazon. We found that 87% and 41% of potentially reproductive individuals of BP and WP respectively, was fertile and the production of reproductive structures was variable within and between morphotypes. The phenological pattern was seasonal in both morphotypes, characterized by flowering at the end of the dry season and fruiting at the start of the rainy season. BP produced and aborted large amounts of infructescences (approximately...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fecundity; Predation; Reproductive phenology; Seed limitation; Seed removal.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032014000400103

A search for predators and food selectivity of two native species of Hydra (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Brazil
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: Massaro,Fernanda Cristina; Negreiros,Natalia Felix; Rocha,Odete.
The Hydra is the most common representative of freshwater cnidarians. In general, it is found in freshwaters on every continent, with the exception of Antarctica. The aim of the present study is to gather biological and ecological data on aspects of two species of Hydra native to Brazil: Hydra viridissima and Hydra salmacidis. Predation and food selectivity experiments were performed to assess the possible predators and the prey preferences, respectively, of the two species. The results indicate that the two species of Hydra were not consumed by any of the predators that were tested, which are typical predators of invertebrates in freshwater: nymphs of Odonata Anisoptera and the phantom midge larvae of Chaoborus sp. (Insecta), adults of Copepoda Cyclopoida...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hydra viridissima; Hydra salmacidis; Predation; Prey selection; Feeding.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032013000200035

Does human influence on coastal grasslands habitats affect predation pressure on snakes?
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: Santos,Mauricio Beux dos; Oliveira,Mauro Cesar Lamim Martins de; Gonçalves,Tatiane Penteado; Almeida,Francis de Mattos; Loebmann,Daniel; Tozetti,Alexandro Marques.
The loss and modification of habitats by humans have been considered key factors in the decline of diversity of species worldwide. However, the real effect caused by these disturbances on the biota is still poorly understood. The assessment of the changes in the network of interspecific interactions, such as predation rates on the native fauna, can be an important tool to diagnose the functionality of disturbed ecosystems. In this study we evaluate the predation rate on snakes in coastal grasslands in South America under human influence. Predation rate of artificial snakes, unlike that obtained in other studies, was lower in human-altered areas than preserved ones. Our findings may be due to a reduction in the abundance and/or richness of species of native...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Reptiles; Coastal dunes; Human impact; Predation; Brazil.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032013000100039

Puma (Puma concolor) predation on tapir (Tapirus terrestris)
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: Azevedo,Fernando Cesar Cascelli; Canuto,Vagner; Souza,Fernanda; Widmer,Cynthia Elisa.
The process of forest fragmentation affects mostly top predators, which are more prone to first disappear. Pumas, Puma concolor, are known to have a generalist diet that includes a wide variety of wild and domestic prey species. The capacity of adapting their diet to consuming prey in anthropogenic habitats may be the reason for this species' success in incorporating anthropogenic areas with different levels of fragmentation as part of its habitat. Here we report a case of puma consumption of a large wild prey species, the tapir, Tapirus terrestris. From March 2012 to October 2013 we collected 85 puma's scats opportunistically inside fragments of the Atlantic Forest in the Parana state, Brazil. In one of the scats we found hairs and some hooves of a tapir,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Predation; Puma concolor; Scavenging; Tapirus terrestris.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032016000100404

Selective advantage conferred by resemblance of aposematic mimics to venomous model
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: França,Frederico Gustavo Rodrigues; Braz,Vívian da Silva; Araújo,Alexandre Fernandes Bamberg de.
Abstract Mimicry is an excellent example of how natural selection can act on color, morphology, and behavior of species. Herein we assess predation rates on coral snake mimics in Central Brazil, a region with many mimics but only a single model, to answer the following questions: (i) Do predators avoid attacking coral snake mimics? (ii) Does the degree to which mimics resemble their venomous model affect the frequency of predator attacks? (iii) Do predators attack different body regions in mimics with different color patterns? Our experiment was conducted in the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, in the municipality of Alto Paraíso de Goiás, state of Goiás, Brazil. To evaluate predation rates on the different mimic patterns, we made 2,400 clay snake...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mimicry; Coral snake; Central Brazil; Predation.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032017000300206

Defensive repertoire of Xenodon dorbignyi (Serpentes, Dipsadidae)
Provedor de dados: Biota Neotropica
Autores: Tozetti,Alexandro Marques; Oliveira,Roberto Baptista de; Pontes,Glaucia Maria Funk.
The ability of a species to defend itself against a predator is directly correlated with its survivorship. Thus, prey/predator interaction mechanisms are important elements of the natural history of species. In this study, we examined the defensive repertoire of the South-American hognose snake (Xenodon dorbignyi) through simulations of predator attacks in the field. Nine defensive displays were observed. The most frequently observed displays were erratic movements, body flattening, head triangulation and tail display. No differences were detected in the defensive strategies shown by males and females, regardless of their reproductive state. Our findings suggest that X. dorbignyi has the ability to evaluate the level of threat imposed by the aggressor,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Defensive behavior; Predation; Snake; Display.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032009000300016

Feeding of Acestrorhynchus lacustris (Characidae): a post impoundment studies on Itaipu reservoir, upper Paraná River, PR
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Hahn,Norma Segatti; Delariva,Rosilene Luciana; Loureiro,Valdirene Esgarbosa.
With objective to know feeding spectrum of Acestrorhynchus lacustris (Reinhardt, 1874), a middle size predator in different places of influence area of Itaipu reservoir, stomach contents were analyzed. Samples were collected from March 1984 to February 1989 from Itaipu Reservoir and its adjacent areas. Its fed mainly on fishes, but it was an opportunistic (consumed 17 species of prey). Despite of the wide feeding spectrum, few preys were dominant in the diet, according to the different habitats sampled. As a result, it significant spatial differences in the diet was observed. Was observed through "Detrented Correspondence Analysis" (DCA) these were divided into three groups in relation with diet: preys from upstream, with higher scores; preys from the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Feeding; Predation; Characidae; Upper Paraná River; Itaipu Reservoir.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132000000200010

Predaceous ant fauna in new sugarcane fields in the state of São Paulo, Brazil
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Rossi,Marcelo Nogueira; Fowler,Harold Gordon.
Predaceous ant fauna present in natural sugarcane field plantations in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, was evaluated by using sardine baits sampling technique. Three-month-old sugarcane plants were used for ant fauna estimation in two sugarcane mills, São João and Barra Mill. Twelve 30m X 30 m (900 m²) plots were previously delimited in each sugarcane mill for ant sampling. Ants were sampled in each plot by placing nine sardine baits in 12 mm X 75 mm plastic tubes. In the São João Mill, the predominant ant species observed was Solenopsis saevissima, followed by Dorymyrmex sp. 1, Pheidole sp. 2, and Crematogaster sp. 1. Considering only ant genus, Solenopsis, Pheidole, Dorymyrmex, and Crematogaster, were predominant. In the Barra Mill, the predominant ant...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ants; Predation; Diatraea saccharalis; Sugarcane; Solenopsis; Pheidole.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132004000500017

Maize-Dwelling insects omnivory in Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) egg masses
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Menezes-Netto,Alexandre Carlos; Varella,Andrea Corrêa; Fernandes,Odair Aparecido.
This work reports the first record of omnivory behavior of Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae), Leptoglossus zonatus (Hemiptera, Coreidae), Monocrepidius aff. posticus and Monocrepidius fuscofasciatus (Coleoptera, Elateridae) on fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) egg masses in maize fields. Macrophotography was used to record the activity of these insects on fall armyworm sentinel egg masses during 2009 and 2010 maize growing seasons. The presence of omnivorous insects changes the species population dynamics within the ecosystem. Therefore, the implications of these interactions should be understood and taken into consideration for integrated pest management enhancement.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Facultative predator; Phytozoophagy; Predation.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132012000100012

Nesting behavior of the swallow-tailed hummingbird, Eupetomena macroura (Trochilidae, aves)
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Biology
Autores: ONIKI,Y.; WILLIS,E. O.
An August or winter nestling of Eupetomena macroura was fed only every 40-50 min for at least 24 days in the nest, with fewer feedings at midday. As in other hummingbirds, it was brooded only the first week or two, and left alone even on cool nights after 12 days, probably due to the small nest size. The female attacked birds of many non-nectarivore species near the nest, in part probably to avoid predation. Botfly parasitism was extremely high, as in some other forest-edge birds.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Nesting; Hummingbird; Eupetomena macroura; Parasitism; Predation.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-71082000000400016

Life Table Parameters and Consumption Rate of Cydnodromus picanus Ragusa, Amblyseius graminis Chant, and Galendromus occidentalis (Nesbitt) on Avocado Red Mite Oligonychus yothersi (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae)
Provedor de dados: Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research
Autores: Rioja S,Tommy; Vargas M,Robinson.
The avocado red mite Oligonychus yothersi (McGregor) is the major leaf pest in Chile’s avocado orchards. Itaffects leaf physiology and makes it necessary to seek new natural enemies to interact with low population densities of O. yothersi. The potentiality of three predator mites: Cydnodromus picanus Ragusa, Amblyseius graminis Chant, and Galendromus occidentalis (Nesbitt) was evaluated under laboratory conditions (27 ± 1.93ºC, 87 ± 3.61% H.R. and 16:8 (L:D) photoperiod) on avocado leaf disks Persea americana Mill. var. Hass (Ø = 5 cm) by separately feeding eggs, immature, and adult females of O. yothersi, and registering postembryonic development, consumption, as well as life table parameters. The postembryonic development of C. picanus was significantly...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Postembryonic development; Predation; Pollen; Biological control.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000200005

Biological parameters of Cydnodromus picanus and Phytoseiulus persimilis raised on the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae)
Provedor de dados: Ciencia e Investigación Agraria, Revista Latinoamericana en Ciencias de la Agricultura
Autores: Tello,Víctor; Vargas,Robinson; Araya,Jaime; Cardemil,Antonieta.
The postembryonic development, consumption and life table parameters of Cydnodromus picanus Ragusa and Phytoseiulus persimilis (Athias-Henriot) were studied at 29.44 ± 1.47 °C and 42.35 ± 5.01% of RH with a photoperiod of 14:10 h (L:D) in order to evaluate the potential of these predators for feeding on the carmine spider mite Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval). Eggs, larvae and protonymphs of T cinnabarinus may be optimal food for C. picanus, which obtained survival rates of 100%, 97% and 93%, respectively, on them. The survival of P persimilis was around 6.7% with diets based on eggs, larvae and protonymphs, showing a high mortality level by dehydration when fed with eggs. The time of the postembryonic development was significantly shorter (p &lt;...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Life table; Postembryonic development; Predation.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200012