Consulta: subjectFacets:"Propensity score matching"
Registros recuperados: 25
Data/hora: 18/06/2024 04:02:44

Value added of Cluster Membership for Micro Enterprises of the Handloom Sector in Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ali,   Merima; Peerlings,   Jack H.M.
By contrasting the performance of clustered micro enterprises with that of dispersed ones in the handloom sector in Ethiopia, this study shows that clustering significantly increases profit. To correct for selection bias, we match clustered and dispersed micro enterprises that share similar observable characteristics except for being clustered both in urban and rural areas. Results show that clustering is more profitable in urban than rural areas. It is also found that regional specific factors determining clustering of micro enterprises are different in urban and rural areas, highlighting the need to focus on local circumstances when formulating policies to promote clusters.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cluster; Micro enterprises; Propensity score matching; Handloom; Africa; Ethiopia.; Industrial Organization; L10; L67; R12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49922

Agricultural Contracts and Alternative Marketing Options: A Matching Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Katchova,   Ani L.
The increasing use of agricultural contracts and processor concentration raises concerns that processors may offer lower contract prices in absence of local competition. This study examines the price competitiveness of marketing and production contracts depending on the availability of alternative marketing options. A propensity score matching method is used to compare prices using contract data from a farm-level national survey. The results show that the absence of other contractors or spot markets in producers’ areas does not lead to statistically significant price differences in agricultural contracts for most commodities, providing evidence that most agricultural processors do not exercise market power by reducing prices when other local buyers are not...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural prices; Alternative marketing options; Local competition; Marketing contracts; Production contracts; Propensity score matching; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Marketing; Q13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90672

Investigating the Role of Poultry in Livelihoods and the Impact of HPAI on Livelihoods Outcomes in Africa: Evidence from Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya and Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Birol,   Ekin; Asare-Marfo,   Dorene; Ayele,   Gezahegn; Mensah-Bonsu,   Akwasi; Ndirangu,   Lydia K.; Okpukpara,   Benjamin; Roy,   Devesh; Yakhshilikov,   Yorbol.
In this paper we investigate the role of poultry in the livelihoods portfolios of households and the impact of supply and demand shocks that may be caused by Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) on various livelihoods outcomes of households in four Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. The study countries include Ethiopia and Kenya in East Africa and Ghana and Nigeria in West Africa. These countries represent a spectrum of SSA countries in terms of disease status, role of poultry sector and means of disease spread. By using nationally representative household level secondary data and discrete choice methods (probit model and zero inflated negative binomial model) we profile the household, farm and regional characteristics of those households who are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI); Demand shock; Supply shock; Livelihoods; Probit model; Zero inflated negative binomial model; Propensity score matching; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97084

Do Exports Raise Productivity?  Plant-level Evidence from the Colombian Agri-food Industries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kandilov,   Ivan T.; Liu,   Xiangping.
Using detailed plant-level manufacturing Census data from the Colombian Agri-food industries, we show that exports raise plant-level productivity by about 15 to 20 percent.  However, the estimates reveal that efficiency in plants that become persistent exporters, i.e. plants that service foreign markets at least 30 percent of the time during our sample years 1981-1991, increases about 30 percent upon their entry into foreign markets, while productivity in plants that become only occasional exporters does not change at all.  Hence, the positive impact of exports on productivity for is driven by the large positive impact on persistent exporters.  To identify the effect of exports on plant-level productivity we employ the Levinsohn-Petrin (2003) measure of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Exports; Productivity; Difference-in-differences; Propensity score matching; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Q17; F12; Q12; O33.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103632

Livestock Banks and Food Security in Laos
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Begg,   Michael; Santos,   Paulo.
The literature analysing the impacts of livestock banks is limited to a small number of papers, mostly of a qualitative nature. This paper contributes to the knowledge on the impacts of this type of intervention on short- term household food security through the analysis of original data form 112 households that participated  in a pig bank in Laos. Taking advantage of the staggered implementation of the program, we use propensity score matching the show that receiving pigs reduces household rice production by approximately 34 percent in the first harvest after participation commenced. However, the effects are differentiated across initial wealth status of the beneficiary: if the household was classified as being poor before the start of the program,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Laos; Livestock banks; Rice production; Propensity score matching; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58883

The Adoption of Water Conservation and Intensification Technologies and Farm Income: A Propensity Score Analysis for Rice Farmers in Northern Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Faltermeier,   Liane; Abdulai,   Awudu.
This study uses cross-sectional data of 342 small-scale lowland rice farmers in Northern Region of Ghana to analyze the impact of the adoption decision of bund construction and seed dibbling on net returns, input demand and output supply. Matching was conducted based on Mahalanobis distance combined with propensity score. Balancing tests by checking the mean standardized absolute bias in the matched sample were conducted as well as sensitivity analysis to check for hidden bias due to unobservable selection. The empirical results of impact assessment using propensity score matching controlling for self-selection bias suggest that input demand is significantly higher for adopters of bunds, but not statistically different for adopters and non-adopters of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Propensity score matching; Evaluation; Sensitivity analysis; Rosenbaum bounds; Water conservation methods; Bunds; Rice production; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6354

From the Ground Up: Impacts of a Pro-Poor Community-Driven Development Project in Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkonya,   Ephraim M.; Phillip,   Dayo; Mogues,   Tewodaj; Pender,   John L.; Yahaya,   Muhammed Kuta; Adebowale,   Gbenga; Arokoyo,   Tunji; Kato,   Edward.
The community-driven development (CDD) approach has become increasingly popular because of its potential to develop projects that are sustainable, are responsive to local priorities, empower local communities, and more effectively target poor and vulnerable groups. The purpose of this study is to assess the impacts of Fadama II, which is a CDD project and the largest  agricultural project in Nigeria. This study used propensity score matching (PSM) to select 1728 comparable project beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. The study also used double difference methods to compare the impact indicators. Our results show that Fadama II project succeeded in targeting the poor and women farmers in its productive asset acquisition component. Participation in the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community driven development; Poverty reduction; Propensity score matching; Difference-in-difference; Fadama; And Nigeria; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42344

Foreign Takeovers and Wages: Theory and Evidence from Hungary
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Csengodi,   Sandor; Jungnickel,   Rolf; Urban,   Dieter.
This study discriminates FDI technology spillover from learning effects. Whenever learning takes time, our model predicts that foreign investors deduct the economic value of learning from wages of inexperienced workers and add it to experienced ones to prevent them from moving to local competitors. Hence, the national wage bill is unaffected by foreign takeovers. In contrast to learning, technology spillover effects occur whenever a worker with MNE experience contributes more to local firms' than to MNEs' productivity. In this case, experienced MNE workers are hired by local firms and the host country obtains a welfare gain. We investigate empirically wages, productivity, and worker turnover during the course of foreign takeovers on employee-employer...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: FDI; Foreign takeover; Cross-border M&amp;A; Wage regression; Employee-employer matched data; Propensity score matching; FDI technology spillover; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; F2; J3.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26278

Ökonometrische Methoden der Politikevaluation: Meilenstein für eine sinnvolle Agrarpolitik der 2. Säule oder akademische Fingerübung?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Henning,   Christian H.C.A.; Michalek,   Jerzy.
Recently the importance of a comprehensive policy evaluation has been increasingly recognized by international organizations, e.g. the World Bank, OECD and FAO as well as especially by the EU. In particular, for agricultural policies of the second pillar a comprehensive evaluation is obligatory. However, presently applied evaluation techniques are clearly lagging behind the ambiguous evaluation targets set by the EU Commission. Given the fact that a comprehensive policy evaluation is a very complex methodological challenge this discrepancy is not really surprising. Thus, nowadays it is still fair to conclude that adequate evaluation tools applicable to EU rural development policies do not exist yet. In this context this paper derives microeconometric...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Policy evaluation; Propensity score matching; Second pillar of the CAP; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97600

Do the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs Improve Children’s Dietary Quality?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Campbell,   Benjamin L.; Nayga,   Rodolfo M., Jr.; Silva,   Andres; Park,   John L.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Propensity score matching; National School Lunch Program; National School Breakfast Program; NHANES; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49440

Evaluating the Effects of Farm Programs: Results from Propensity Score Matching
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pufahl,   Andrea; Weiss,   Christoph R.
The paper applies a non-parametric propensity score matching approach to evaluate the effects of two types of farm programs (agri-environment (AE) programs and the less favoured area (LFA) scheme) on input use and farm output of individual farms in Germany. The analysis reveals a positive and significant treatment effect of the LFA scheme for farm sales and the area under cultivation. Participants in AE schemes are found to significantly increase the area under cultivation (in particular grassland), resulting in a decrease of livestock densities. Furthermore, participation in AE programs significantly reduced the purchase of farm chemicals (fertilizer, pesticide). We also find substantial differences in the treatment effect between individual farms...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Evaluation; Farm programs; Propensity score matching; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6635

Estimating the Value of Groundwater in Irrigation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brozovic,   Nicholas; Islam,   Shahnila.
In recent years there has been increasing regulation of agricultural water use in order to reduce transboundary and environmental water conflicts. Effective policy analysis needs to have tools to estimate correctly the value of irrigation water. Irrigating land increases crop yields and this higher profitability should be capitalized into the sales price of the land. For irrigation that depends on surface water rights, studies have found this to be the case (Xu et al. 1993, Faux and Perry 1999). However, studies that have analyzed the value of groundwater in irrigation have found mixed results. Hartman and Taylor (1989) and Sunderland, Libbin and Torell (1987) find that groundwater irrigation has no significant effect on land prices; Torrell et al. (1990)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Groundwater; Hedonics; Propensity score matching; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61337

Is There Persistence in the Impact of Emergency Food Aid? Evidence on Consumption, Food Security, and Assets in Rural Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gilligan,   Daniel O.; Hoddinott,   John.
The primary goal of emergency food aid after an economic shock is often to bolster short-term food and nutrition security. However, these transfers also act as insurance against other shock effects, such as destruction of assets and changes in economic activity, which can have lasting deleterious consequences. Although existing research provides some evidence of small positive impacts of timely food aid disbursements after a shock on current food consumption and aggregate consumption, little is known about whether these transfers play a safety net role by reducing vulnerability and protecting assets into the future. We investigate this issue by exploring the presence of persistent impacts of two major food aid programs following the 2002 drought in...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food aid; Treatment effects; Propensity score matching; Ethiopia; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55895

Using Matching Estimators to Evaluate the Effect of Unit-Based Pricing on Municipal Solid Waste Disposal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wright,   Christopher; Halstead,   John M.
The delivery of municipal services for the collection, transfer, and disposal of household solid waste is often provided by local governmental units; typically at the town or city level. Unit-based pricing, also known as pay-as-you-throw (PAYT), is a residential solid waste collection program requiring households to pay a fee per bag of trash disposed. Unit-based pricing represents a significant departure from the historical practice of financing solid waste service from property tax revenues in which the marginal cost to a household for disposing solid waste is effectively zero. Local governments are motivated to adopt unit-based pricing for the purpose of creating a financial incentive for households to reduce the quantity of solid waste disposed and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Propensity score matching; Unit-based pricing; Pay-as-you-throw; Municipal solid waste; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103812

Farm Structure and the Effects of Agri-Environmental Programs: Results from a Matching Analysis for European Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pufahl,   Andrea; Weiss,   Christoph R.
This paper extends previous research (Pufahl and Weiss, 2009) and applies a semi-parametric propensity score matching approach to evaluate the effects of agrienvironment (AE) programs on input use and farm output of individual farms in eight Member States of the European Union. We find substantial differences in treatment effects between countries. The analysis reveals significant effects of AE participation on production (Germany, France) and farm profits (France, Ireland, United Kingdom). AE participation sporadically reduces the intensity of land use as measured by the purchase of farm chemicals (fertilizer, pesticide) and grazing livestock densities. We also find differences in the treatment effect among farms with different farm size (heterogeneous...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Evaluation; Agri-environment programs; Propensity score matching; Germany; Italy; Spain; France; Portugal; United Kingdom; The Netherlands; EU-15; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52997

Returns from Income Strategies in Rural Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Falkowski,   Jan; Jakubowski,   Maciej; Strawinski,   Pawel.
In order to stabilize and improve their income situation, rural households are strongly encouraged to diversify their activities both in and outside the agricultural sector. Most often, however, this phenomenon takes on only moderate proportions. This paper addresses issues of rural households’ income diversification in the case of Poland. It investigates returns from rural households’ income strategies using propensity score matching methods and extensive datasets spanning 1998-2008. Results suggest that returns from combining farm and off-farm activities were lower than returns from specialization, namely, concentrating on farming or on off-farm activities. Generally, farming seems to be the most attractive option for rural households and income...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Income diversification; Rural areas; Propensity score matching; Poland; Community/Rural/Urban Development; D31; O15; Q12.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114364

Are Organic Farmers Really Better Off Than Conventional Farmers?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hiroki,   Uematsu; Mishra,   Ashok K.
We employed the propensity score matching and estimated the causal effect of being certified organic crop producers on farm household income and its various components in the United States. Contrary to the standard assumption in economic analysis, certified organic farmers do not earn significantly higher household income than conventional farmers. Certified organic crop producers earn higher revenue but they incur higher production expenses. In particular, certified organic producers spend significantly more on labor expenses, insurance payments, and marketing charges than conventional farmers. The results suggest that early adopters of organic farmers have done so for non pecuniary reasons and the lack of economic incentives can be an important barrier...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Organic farming; Propensity score matching; Nearest neighbor matching; Average treatment effect; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Marketing; Q10; Q13; J43; C21.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103862

Economic Development Impacts of Wind Turbine Development in U.S. Counties
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brown,   Jason P.; Hoen,   Ben; Lantz,   Eric; Pender,   John L.; Wiser,   Ryan.
Replaced with revised version of poster 07/07/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Wind turbine; Propensity score matching; Spatial lag model; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; Q21; R11.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103437

Agricultural Contracts and Alternative Marketing Options: A Matching Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Katchova,   Ani L.
The increasing use of agricultural contracts and processor concentration raises concerns that processors may offer lower contract prices in absence of competition from other local contractors and spot markets.  This study examines the price competitiveness of marketing and production contracts depending on the availability of alternative marketing options.  A propensity score matching method is used to compare prices using contract data from a farm-level national survey.  The results show that the absence of other contractors or spot markets in producers’ areas does not lead to significant price differences in agricultural contracts for most commodities, providing evidence that most agricultural processors do not exercise market power by reducing prices...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Alternative marketing options; Local competition; Marketing contracts; Production contracts; Agricultural prices; Propensity score matching; Agribusiness; Marketing.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6336

The New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) and its implications for access to health care and medical expenditure: Evidence from rural China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Dan; Tsegai,   Daniel W.
The New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) program was implemented in response to ‘illness-led poverty’ and poor state of healthcare in rural China. Supported by government subsidy, more and more poor rural households are now enrolled in the NCMS. This paper investigates the impact of the NCMS program on improving health care utilization and reducing medical expenditure with a specific focus on the endeavors to unravel the heterogeneous effects of the program for the different regions and income groups. We utilize the China Health and Nutrition Survey data (CHNS) to provide prolific cross section and longitudinal information. A total sample of 6,293 individuals and 2,058 households are included in the analysis. Propensity score matching method and bounding...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural China; Health insurance; Impact evaluation; Propensity score matching; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116746

Preliminary Impacts of a New Seasonal Work Program on Rural Household Incomes in the Pacific
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gibson,   John; McKenzie,   David.
Seasonal work programs are increasingly advocated by international aid agencies as a way of enabling both developed and developing countries to benefit from migration. They are argued to provide workers with new skills and allow them to send remittances home, without the receiving country having to worry about long-term assimilation and the source country worrying about permanent loss of skills. However, formal evidence as to the development impact of seasonal worker programs is nonexistent. This paper provides the first such evaluation, studying New Zealand's new Recognized Seasonal Employer (RSE) program which allows Pacific Island migrants to work in horticulture and viticulture in New Zealand for up to seven months per year. We use baseline and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Propensity score matching; Rural household incomes; Seasonal work programs; Labor and Human Capital; J61; O15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50101

Agricultural Technology Adoption and Rural Poverty: Application of an Endogenous Switching Regression for Selected East African Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Asfaw,   Solomon; Shiferaw,   Bekele A.
Achieving agricultural growth and development and thereby improving rural household welfare will require increased efforts to provide yield enhancing and natural resources conserving technologies. Agricultural research and technological improvements are therefore crucial to increase agricultural productivity and thereby reduce poverty. However evaluation of the impact of these technologies on rural household welfare have been very limited by lack of appropriate methods and most of previous research has therefore failed to move beyond estimating economic surplus and return to research investment. This paper evaluates the potential impact of adoption of modern agricultural technologies on rural household welfare measured by crop income and consumption...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural household welfare; Technology adoption; Propensity score matching; Endogenous switching; Ethiopia; Tanzania; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C13; C15; O32; O38.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97049

Synergistic Green and White Revolution: Evidence from Kenya and Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jia,   Xiangping.
Rising agricultural productivity in developing countries is crucial to ease the tension of increased population and haunting concern on food security. Nevertheless the soaring price of fertilizer and sluggish dissemination of improved seed varieties prohibit the poor to tap benefits from increased productivity. In the presence of the pressing button on food security, subsidizing fertilizer and seeds is recently voiced heavily. This study reveals that the adoption of improved maize variety in Kenya leads to higher yield than that in Uganda. By introducing livestock programs, the agricultural productivity in Kenya is sustained with a synergy between the “Green Revolution” and “White Revolution”. To tap agricultural potentials in Africa, subsidizing...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Green revolution; Livestock; Fertilizer; Food security; Propensity score matching; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q12; Q18; Q56.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51367

Evaluating the Effects of Farm Programs: Results from Propensity Score Matching
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pufahl,   Andrea; Weiss,   Christoph R.
The paper applies a non-parametric propensity score matching approach to evaluate the effects of two types of farm programs (agri-environment (AE) programs and the less favoured area (LFA) scheme) on input use and farm output of individual farms in Germany. The analysis reveals a positive and significant treatment effect of the LFA scheme for farm sales and the area under cultivation. Participants in AE schemes are found to significantly increase the area under cultivation (in particular grassland), resulting in a decrease of livestock densities. Furthermore, participation in AE programs significantly reduced the purchase of farm chemicals (fertilizer, pesticide). We also find substantial differences in the treatment effect between individual farms...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Evaluation; Farm programs; Propensity score matching; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44149

Exploiting spatial and temporal variations in residential subdivision development to identify urban growth spillovers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Towe,   Charles A.; Klaiber,   H. Allen; Wrenn,   Douglas H.; Newburn,   David A.; Irwin,   Elena G.
Minimum lot size zoning requirements are a frequent policy tool used to restrict the density and location of residential development. Zoning regulations are typically instituted and adopted locally, often with limited input from surrounding jurisdictions. Autonomous local land use regulations that constrain some, but not all development within a region create discrete differences in the returns to development across otherwise similar locations and are hypothesized to lead to a lower density, more scattered land development pattern. We examine the rural down-zoning policy in Baltimore County, Maryland in 1976 and its potential effect on creating urban growth spillovers in the adjacent counties. Using propensity score matching methods combined with a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Down-zoning; Propensity score matching; Low density development; Housing supply; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104010