Consulta: subjectFacets:"Q24"
Registros recuperados: 157
Data/hora: 05/06/2024 08:12:23

Going Digital: Computerized Land Registration and Credit Access in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Deininger,   Klaus W.; Goyal,   Aparajita.
Despite strong beliefs that property titling and registration will enhance credit access, empirical evidence in support of such effects remains scant. The gradual roll-out of computerization of land registry systems across Andhra Pradesh’s 387 sub-registry offices (SROs) allows us to combine quarterly administrative data on credit disbursed by all commercial banks for a 11 year period (1997-2007) aggregated to the SRO level with the date of shifting registration from manual to digital. Computerization had no credit effect in rural areas but led to increased credit-supply in urban ones. A marked increase of registered urban mortgages due to computerization supports the robustness of the result. At the same time, estimated impacts from reduction of stamp...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Registration; Credit; Transactions; Computerization; India; International Development; Land Economics/Use; G28; Q24; R51; R52.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61257

Forest Carbon Sequestration: Some Issues for Forest Investments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.
A major problem being faced by human society is that the global temperature is believed to be rising due to human activity that releases carbon dioxide to the atmosphere; i.e., global warming. The major culprit is thought to be fossil fuel burning, which is releasing increasing amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The problem of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide can be addressed a number of ways. One of these is forestry and forest management. This paper examines a number of current issues related to mitigating the global warming problem through forestry. First, the overall carbon cycle is described, and the potential impact of forests on the buildup of atmospheric carbon is examined. A major focus is the means by which forests and forest...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Forests; Carbon; Sinks; Sequestration; Forest management; Kyoto Protocol; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q15; Q21; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10571

Demand-Side Factors in Optimal Land Conservation Choice
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ando,   Amy Whritenour; Shah,   Payal.
The dominant paradigm of conservation-reserve planning in economics is to optimize the provision of physical conservation benefits (measured in units like species protected) given a budget constraint. Large-scale biology-based priority setting implies that the value we place on biodiversity and ecosystem function is not affected by human proximity to that natural capital. There is significant evidence, however, that human willingness to pay (WTP) for conservation declines with distance (e.g. Loomis 2000) – a phenomenon we refer to as “spatial value decay”. This paper begins a new strand of the conservation planning literature that takes demand-side factors – the location of people in the landscape and the degree to which their willingness to pay for an...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Conservation; Endangered species; Optimal reserve-site selection; Spatial; Demand-side; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49209

A note on the performance measure of conservation auctions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Latacz-Lohmann,   Uwe; Schilizzi,   Steven.
We argue that previous assessments of discriminatory-price conservation auctions may have systematically overestimated their performance relative to uniform-payment schemes due to an inappropriate counterfactual comparison. We demonstrate that the cost curve (and not the bid curve) is the relevant supply curve when a uniform payment is offered and provide a theoretically rigorous counterfactual based on that insight. We estimate that the performance of BushTender may have been overrated by more than 50%.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Auctions; Procurement; Tenders; Conservation; Economic experiments; Model validation; Plus: assessment method; Agricultural policy; Environmental policy; Market-based instruments; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C91; C92; D44; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100885

The Benefits of Air Pollutant Emissions Reductions in Maryland: Results from the Maryland Externalities Screening and Valuation Model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Austin,   David H.; Krupnick,   Alan J.; Burtraw,   Dallas; Stoessell,   Terrell.
This paper reports the results of policy simulations of environmental and human health externalities arising from the production of electricity. The primary purpose of this paper is to illustrate the Maryland Externalities Screening and Valuation Model, developed for the State of Maryland's Department of Natural Resources. A secondary purpose is to estimate likely Maryland benefits from Title IV emissions reductions at electric power generation facilities. Sources and scope of benefits, and the potential of policy to achieve specific environmental and human health goals, are suggested by the results. We find that expected health benefits from reductions in power plant emissions dominate the estimated benefits of improved recreational visibility and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Integrated assessment; Health and environmental benefits; Valuation; Uncertainty; Environmental Economics and Policy; I81; Q24; Q25; Q26; Q49.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10825

A spatial bio-economic modelling approach on the trade-offs between global bioenergy demand, agricultural intensification, expansion, and trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lotze-Campen,   Hermann; Popp,   Alexander; Beringer,   Tim; Muller,   Christoph; Lucht,   Wolfgang.
Increased future demands for food, fibre and fuels from biomass can only be met if the available land and water resources on a global scale are used and managed as efficiently as possible. The main routes for making the global agricultural system more productive are through intensification and technological change on currently used agricultural land, land expansion into currently non-agricultural areas, and international trade in agricultural commodities and processed goods. In order to analyse the trade-offs and synergies between these options, we present a global bio-economic modelling approach with a special focus on spatially explicit land and water constraints as well as technological change in agricultural production. For a given bioenergy demand...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land use change; Spatial modelling; Technological change; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C61; F15; Q24; Q25.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51458

The Impact of Natural Amenity on Farmland Values: A Quantile Regression Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Uematsu,   Hiroki; Mishra,   Ashok K.
The objective of this study is to estimate the impact of natural amenity on farmland values in the contiguous United States using a quantile regression approach and data from the 2006, 2007, and 2008 Agricultural Resource Management Surveys. The contribution of this study is three-fold. First, we explicitly include variables representing natural amenity and soil characteristics of farmland. Second, we employ a quantile regression approach to examine potentially heterogeneous impacts of natural amenity and soil characteristics at different quantiles of farmland values. Third, we utilized data from a nationwide survey of farm household to examine findings in studies using regional data are consistent at a national scale. Our quantile regression analysis...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farmland Values; Quantile Regression; Natural Amenity; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; C14; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119804

Land Degradation in Ethiopia: What do Stoves Have to Do with it?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gebreegziabher,   Zenebe; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; van Soest,   Daan P.
Land degradation is a particularly vexing problem in developing countries; as forests are depleted, crop residues and dung are used for fuel, which degrades cropland. In Ethiopia, the government encourages tree planting and adoption of energy efficient stove technologies to mitigate land degradation. We use data from 200 households in Tigrai, Ethiopia to examine the adoption of new stove technologies. Adoption is an economic decision, related to savings in time spent collecting fuel and cooking, and cattle required for everyday purposes. Results indicate adopters of efficient stoves reduce respective wood and dung use by 68 and 316 kg per month.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land degradation; Technology adoption; Africa; Ethiopia; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O55; Q24; Q55.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37026

The Ghost of Extinction: Preservation Values and Minimum Viable Population in Wildlife Models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; Eiswerth,   Mark E.
The inclusion of a minimum viable population in bioeconomic modeling creates at least two complications that are not resolved by using a modified logistic growth function. The first complication can be dealt with by choosing a different depensational growth function. The second complication relates to the inclusion of the in situ benefits of wildlife into the analysis. Knowledge about the magnitude of the in situ benefits provides no guide for policy about conservation management. Simply knowing that people are willing to pay a large amount each year to protect a species says nothing about whether one should manage habitat to protect or enhance the species’ numbers, unless the species is in imminent danger of extinction. If willingness to pay is to be a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Marginal willingness to pay; Endangered species and extinction; Minimum viable population; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q20; Q24; C61.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9790

Hedonic Valuation of Ecosystem Services Using Agricultural Land Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ma,   Shan.
Agriculture, an ecosystem transformed by humans for the purpose of supplying food, fiber and biofuel, can provide people a host of benefits, or ecosystem services (ES). While markets exist for farm products, many of today’s central agro-environmental policy concerns are related to ES that lack complete markets, such as regulating ES and recreational, aesthetic and cultural ES. Valuation of non-marketed ES linked to agriculture is needed to improve their utilization and efficient provision. Some ES that facilitate agricultural production or provide natural amenities can be perceived by people through various natural resources and landscapes on farmlands and surrounding areas. One indirect way to measure the value of ES is via what people pay for the lands...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural land; Hedonic; Ecosystem services; Sales price; Appraisal value; GIS.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q24; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59321

The Economic Potential of Second-Generation Biofuels: Implications for Social Welfare, Land Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Illinois
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Xiaoguang; Khanna,   Madhu; Onal,   Hayri.
This paper develops a dynamic micro-economic land use model that maximizes social welfare and internalizes externality from greenhouse gas emissions to obtain the optimal land use allocation for traditional row crops and bioenergy crops (corn stover, miscanthus and switchgrass), the mix of cellulosic feedstocks and fuel and food prices. We use this carbon tax policy as a benchmark to compare the implications of existing biofuel policies on land use, social welfare and the environment for the 2007-2022 period. The model is operationalized using yields of perennial grasses obtained from a biophysical model, county level data on yields of traditional row crops and production costs for row crops and bioenergy crops in Illinois. We show that a carbon tax policy...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cellulosic ethanol; Land use; Social welfare; Greenhouse gas emissions; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q42; Q24.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49484

Afforestation and Timber Management Compliance Strategies in Climate Policy. A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Michetti,   Melania; Nunes Rosa,   Renato.
This paper analyzes the role of afforestation-reforestation and timber management activities, and their major and secondary economic effects in stabilizing climate during the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol. In particular, with a Computable General Equilibrium framework, the ICES model, it is inferred how forest carbon sequestration fits within the European domestic portfolio of a 2020-20 and 2020-30 climate stabilization policy. Afforestation and land use are accounted for by introducing their effects in the model. This is done by relying on carbon sequestration curves provided by Sohngen (2005), which describe the average annual cost of sequestration for selected world regions. Results show that afforestation and timber management could...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; General Equilibrium Modelling; Forestry; Afforestation; Environmental Economics and Policy; D58; Q23; Q24; Q52; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99641

A Tale of Two Communities: Explaining Deforestation in Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alix-Garcia,   Jennifer Marie; de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth.
Explaining land use change in Mexico requires understanding the behavior of the local institutions involved. We develop two theories to explain deforestation in communities with and without forestry projects, where the former involves a process of side payments to non-members of the community and the latter of partial cooperation among community members. Data collected in 2002 combined with satellite imagery are used to test these theories. For the forestry villages, we establish a positive relationship between the distribution of profits as dividends instead of public goods and forest loss. For communities not engaged in forestry projects, deforestation is largely related to the ability of the community to induce the formation of a coalition of members...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Common property; Partial cooperation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D70; H41; O13; N56; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25066

Generating Global Crop Distribution Maps: From Census to Grid
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: You,   Liangzhi; Wood,   Stanley; Wood-Sichra,   Ulrike.
In order to evaluate food security, technology potential and the environmental impacts of production in a strategic and regional context, it is critical to have reliable information on the spatial distribution and coincidence of people, agricultural production, and environmental services. This paper proposes a spatial allocation model for generating highly disaggregated, crop-specific production data by a triangulation of any and all relevant background and partial information. This includes national or sub-national crop production statistics, satellite data on land cover, maps of irrigated areas, biophysical crop suitability assessments, population density, secondary data on irrigation and rainfed production systems, cropping intensity, and crop prices....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Global; Cross entropy; Satellite image; Spatial allocation; Agricultural production; Crop suitability; Crop Production/Industries; C6; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25737

Landowner response to policies regulating land improvements: lease or search for other options?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Eija,   Pouta; Sami,   Myyra; Kyosti,   Pietola.
Land improvements with long pay-back periods are often delayed on leased agricultural land, resulting in social costs through land degradation, decreased land productivity and environmental problems. An important question is thus how landowners would respond to regulations and mandates concerning land improvements. Based on a landowner survey, we analyse landowner choices under certain land improvement regulations, using the currently dominant choice of leasing land for agricultural use as the benchmark. The results indicated that land leasing will continue to increase in the future, but if the landowner mandate to co-finance costly land improvements is increased, landowners are predicted to respond significantly to these mandates and search for other land...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contingent behaviour; Latent class model; Landlord; Land use; Heterogeneity; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114770

Linking Reduced Deforestation and a Global Carbon Market: Impacts on Costs, Financial Flows, and Technological Innovation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bosetti,   Valentina; Lubowski,   Ruben N.; Golub,   Alexander; Markandya,   Anil.
Discussions over tropical deforestation are currently at the forefront of climate change policy negotiations at national, regional, and international levels.  This paper analyzes the effects of linking Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) to a global market for greenhouse gas emission reductions.  We supplement a global climate-energy-economy model with alternative cost estimates for reducing deforestation emissions in order to examine a global program for stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations at 550 ppmv of CO2 equivalent.  Introducing REDD reduces global forestry emissions through 2050 by 20-22% in the Brazil-only case and by 64-88% in the global REDD scenarios.  At the same time, REDD lowers the total costs of the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon market; Climate change; Innovation; Mitigation; Policy costs; Offsets; Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD); Technological change; Tropical deforestation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q24; Q42; Q52; Q54; Q55.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52544

Switching to Perennial Energy Crops under Uncertainty and Costly Reversibility
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Song,   Feng; Zhao,   Jinhua; Swinton,   Scott M.
We study a farmer’s decision to convert traditional crop land into growing dedicated energy crops, taking in account sunk conversion costs, uncertainties in traditional and energy crop returns, and learning. The optimal decision rules differ significantly from the expected net present value rule, which ignores learning, and from real option models that allow only one way conversions into energy crops. These models also predict drastically different patterns of land conversions into and out of energy crops over time. Using corn-soybean rotations and switchgrass as examples, we show that the model predictions are sensitive to assumptions about stochastic processes of the returns. Government policies might have unintended consequences: subsidizing conversion...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Real options; Irreversibility; Sunk costs; Land conversion; Biofuel; Cellulosic biomass; Dynamic modeling; Stochastic process; Biofuel policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Q42; Q24.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56195

Consequences of EU Biofuel Policies on Agricultural Production and Land Use
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Banse,   Martin; van Meijl,   Hans; Woltjer,   Geert B.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D58; Q13; Q24; Q27; Q28.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94666

Alternative Land Use Policies: Real Options with Costly Reversibility
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Song,   Feng; Zhao,   Jinhua; Swinton,   Scott M.
This paper adopts a real options framework to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of four types of subsidies that aim to encourage a socially desirable land use under return uncertainties and costly reversibility of land use change.  We first present a land conversion model to show how the subsidies that are expected net present value (ENPV) equivalent can change a representative farmer’s optimal land conversion rules differently for converting land into an alternative use as well as converting out of it. This is because these subsidies affect the land conversion costs, land return level and uncertainty differently. Then in the context of encouraging energy crop production, we compare the probabilities of inducing the representative farmer to convert land from...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Monte Carlo simulations; Real options; Agricultural subsidies; Cost-effectiveness; Two-way land conversion; Agricultural and Food Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q48.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61510

Factors Affecting Perceived Improvements in Environmental Quality from Precision Farming
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Larkin,   Sherry L.; Perruso,   Larry; Marra,   Michele C.; Roberts,   Roland K.; English,   Burton C.; Larson,   James A.; Cochran,   Rebecca L.; Martin,   Steven W.
This study identified the factors that influenced whether farmers in the Southeastern United States perceived an improvement in environmental quality from adopting precision farming technologies (PFTs). Farmers with larger farms or higher yields were more likely to believe that they observed positive externalities associated with PFTs. Farmers who found PFTs profitable or who believed input reduction was important had higher probabilities whereas those with higher incomes or who were more dependent on farm income were less likely to perceive such benefits. Interestingly, the importance of environmental quality and length of time using PFTs were not found to affect the probability of perceiving an improvement in environmental quality.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Precision agriculture; Site-specific farming; Variable rate application; C25; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42787

Conservation Programs: Will Grain Production Reclaim Acres in the South?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrolia,   Daniel R.; Ibendahl,   Gregory A.
A state-level analysis of the Re-enrollment and Extension (REX) program on southern states indicates a positive relationship between percentage of tree acreage and Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) re-enrollment for states in which conservation acreage is dominated by trees. However, the relationship depends on crop mix where CRP acreage is dominated by grass. County-level analysis suggests that states will differ in how quickly they opt out of CRP. Of the states examined, Arkansas is the most likely to move land to corn, with Mississippi the least likely. Arkansas and Kentucky will switch to soybean first, followed by Mississippi and Georgia.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Conservation Reserve Program (CRP); Corn; Land use change; Re-enrollment and Extension Program (REX); Soybean; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q15; Q18; Q21; Q24.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47197

Ecosystem Services and Western U.S. Rangelands
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skaggs,   Rhonda K.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q28; Q57.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94652

Applying Optimization to the Conservation Project Selection Process: A Case Study of Readiness and Environmental Protection Initiative
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Zhuo; Messer,   Kent D.; Korch,   Mary A.; Bounds,   Thomas.
This study presents a thorough discussion of the efficiency and effectiveness improvement from optimization models (Binary Linear Programming and Goal Programming), as applied to the Department of Defense’s Readiness and Environmental Protection Initiative. The OM models can yield 21% and 19.1% higher benefit scores respectively, spending $13,013,473 and $31,463,473 less total acquisition costs. To achieve the same level of conservation benefits for the current rank based approach, the REPI would spend additional $20.1 million and approximate 50% of the budget. A counterpart of OM- the cost-effective analysis is observed to be inefficient when the problem becomes complex. In a real world of political environment of the conservation programs, we suggest a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; C6; Q24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103997

Estimating Co-benefits of Agricultural Climate Policy in New Zealand:  A Catchment-Level Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Daigneault,   Adam J.; Greenhalgh,   Suzie; Samarasinghe,   Oshadhi; Sinclair,   Robyn.
This paper uses an economic catchment model to assess changes in land use, enterprise distribution, greenhouse gas emissions and nutrient loading levels from a series of policies that introduce carbon prices or nutrient reduction caps on land-based production in the Hurunui Catchment in Canterbury, New Zealand. At $20/tCO2e, net revenue for the catchment is reduced by 7% from baseline levels while GHGs are reduced by 3%. At $40/ tCO2e, net revenue is reduced by 15% while GHGs are reduced by 21%. Nitrogen and phosphorous loading levels within the catchment were also reduced when landowners face a carbon price, thus providing other benefits to the environment. Additional scenarios in this paper assess the impacts from developing a large-scale irrigation...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture and Forestry Modeling; Land Use; Climate Policy; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Water Quantity; Water Quality; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q24; Q25; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103855

Slippage Effects of the Conservation Reserve Program: New Evidence from Satellite Imagery
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   David A.
The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) is the largest land retirement program ever operated in the US. Since its inception in 1985, many researchers have studied the impacts of this program; however, only a few have analyzed how the CRP affects surrounding non–enrolled parcels. In this research I examine how the CRP may affect the conversion of non–cropped land to agriculture, a phenomenon referred to as “slippage” in the literature, and specifically addressed by Wu (2000) and Roberts and Bucholtz (2005). Building on these earlier studies, I empirically model slippage using data derived from satellite imagery that provides information on land cover changes between 1992 and 2001. The study area consists of 1,053 counties located in the Northern Plains, Corn...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: CRP; Land use change; Satellite imagery; Slippage effect; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61394

Rice versus Shrimp Production in Thailand: Is There Really a Conflict?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mekhora,   Thamrong; McCann,   Laura M.J.
Shrimp farming in Thailand has had disastrous effects on the environment in the past, which has prompted a government ban on shrimp production in inland areas.  However, a new low-salinity shrimp farming system has developed that seems to have fewer disease and environmental problems than previous systems but competes with rice production for land and water resources.  The present study found that shrimp farming exhibits increasing returns to scale and is much more profitable than rice farming, which offers opportunities for rice farmers to improve their incomes through diversification.  No evidence was found for external environmental effects of shrimp production on rice production or vice versa.  A total ban on shrimp production in rice farming areas...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environment; Rice; Shrimp; Technical change; Thailand; Q12; Q16; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43217

Socio-economic Scenarios of Agricultural Land Use Change in Central and Eastern European Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fekete-Farkas,   Maria; Rounsevell,   Mark; Audsley,   Eric.
The study presented in this paper is part of the ACCELERATES (Assessing Climate Change Effects on Land Use and Ecosystems from Regional Analysis to The European Scale) project whose main goal is the construction of integrated predictions of future land use in Europe. The scenarios constructed in the project include estimates not only due to changes in the climate baseline, but also estimates due to possible future changes in socio-economics. The overall aim of the ACCELERATES was to assess the vulnerability of European agroecosystems based on economic and environmental considerations in term of both their sensitivity and capacity to adapt changes. The historical background, the type of economy, the policy aim and governance and importance of agriculture in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: ACCELERATES; Climate change; Agricultural land use; Scenario; Land Economics/Use; Q24.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24640

Modeling Carbon Leakages with Forestation Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Gorter,   Harry; Drabik,   Dusan; Just,   David R.
This paper analyzes carbon leakage due to reduced emissions from deforestation (RED). We find that leakage with RED is good because the policy induces afforestation that contributes to a further carbon sequestration. By ignoring the domestic component of carbon leakage, the literature can either overestimate or underestimate leakage, depending on the magnitudes of the numerator and the denominator of the leakage formulas. Unlike the literature, we include the land and agricultural markets in the analysis of carbon leakage with forestation policies. In this model, carbon leakage depends on: (1) supply and demand elasticities of timber production and consumption, respectively in the country introducing a RED policy (Home country) and in the rest of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Carbon leakage; Forestry; Reduced emissions from deforestation; Afforestation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q23; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114450

Basing Superfund Cleanups on Future Land Uses: Promising Remedy or Dubious Nostrum?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wernstedt,   Kris; Hersh,   Robert; Probst,   Katherine N.
Supporters of the effort to link cleanups at hazardous waste sites to the sites' expected land uses claim that amending language in the federal Superfund statute to allow this may yield a number of benefits. These include rationalizing the cleanup process and decreasing cleanup costs, promoting economic development in the local communities that host Superfund sites, and helping such communities exercise more control over the cleanups. However, interviews with Superfund stakeholders and a detailed case study call into question these arguments. The current role of land use in cleanup, uncertainties about whether economic development is likely at the bulk of Superfund sites, the long-run viability of institutional controls, the willingness of communities to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land use; Economic development; Superfund; Land Economics/Use; Q24; Q28; R52.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10540

Irrigation Restriction and Biomass Market Interactions: The Case of the Alluvial Aquifer
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Popp,   Michael P.; Nalley,   Lawton Lanier; Vickery,   Gina B.
The U.S. Geological Survey has determined that irrigation in Arkansas’ Delta is unsustainable. This study examines how irrigation restrictions would affect county net returns to crop production. It also considers the effect of planting less water-intensive bioenergy crops—switchgrass and forage sorghum—in the event biofuel markets become a reality. Results suggest that sustainable irrigation restrictions without bioenergy crops would decrease producer returns by 28% in the region. Introducing these alternative crops would both reduce groundwater use and may restore state producer returns, albeit with significant spatial income redistribution to crop production throughout the state.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biomass crops; Ground water irrigation; Spatial income redistribution; Sustainability; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Q24; Q25; Q32; Q42; O13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57150

Brownfields Redevelopment in Wisconsin: A Survey of the Field
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wernstedt,   Kris; Crooks,   Lisa; Hersh,   Robert.
As the third paper in our three-part series on Wisconsin brownfields, this paper reports the results of a survey on the objectives of brownfields redevelopment, constraints to the redevelopment, the role of the state's Department of Natural Resources (DNR), and institutional controls. The 260 survey respondents include elected officials, staff from economic development and planning agencies, attorneys, private sector representatives, and professionals at nonprofit organizations. We find that: 1) respondents value both economic and environmental gains associated with brownfields redevelopment; 2) the high costs of cleanup are the principal barrier to brownfields redevelopment; 3) no single factor stands out as constraining DNR's ability to oversee cleanups;...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Brownfields; Contamination; Hazardous waste; Regulatory reform; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10443

Reshaping agricultural peatland use climate friendly in selected German regions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schaller,   Lena; Kantelhardt,   Jochen; Hübner,   Rico; Freibauer,   Annette; Droesler,   Matthias.
About 30 percent of the world’s soil carbon is stored in peat soils. Peatland’s functional principle of carbon storage greatly depends on management strategies. Therefore agricultural peatland use becomes a focal point of interest in the current debate on climate protection. Agricultural management demands a drawdown of the water-level that causes aerobe degradation of the soils, as well as trace-gas emissions which have a negative impact on greenhouse-gas balance. Climate-friendly peatland management strategies, however, demand enhanced groundwater tables and decreased land-use intensity. Against this background we analyse ways of re-organising agricultural peatland use within a case study located in Germany, where intensive peatland use accounts for 2.3...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural peatland use; Reduction of greenhouse gases; Farm survey; Economic consequences; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q54; R58.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51547

Residential Land Values in Urbanizing Areas
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kaltsas,   Ioannis K.; Bosch,   Darrell J.; McGuirk,   Anya M.
Zoning decisions related to residential lot size and density affect residential land value. Effects of size on residential parcel value in Roanoke County, VA, are estimated with fixed effects hedonic models. Parcel size; elevation; soil permeability; proximity to urban areas, malls, and roads; and location influence parcel value, but the effects vary by value of construction and development status. Parcel value per square meter declines with increasing parcel size. The estimated relationships could be used to evaluate zoning decisions in terms of land values and tax revenues if model estimation uncertainties and responses by developers to zoning strategies are considered.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Development; Fixed effects; Hedonic model; Property values; Residential density; Spatial econometrics; Agribusiness; Land Economics/Use; Q24; C25; C52.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47204

The Impact of Agriculture on Waterfowl Abundance: Evidence from Panel Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wong,   Linda; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; Clarke,   Judith A.
Agricultural expansion and intensification in Canada’s Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) have contributed to declining waterfowl populations since the 1970s. Although this region represents a mere 10% of North America’s waterfowl breeding habitat, it produces over 50% of the continent’s duck population and roughly 60% of Canada’s agricultural output. Thus, intense competition exists between private economic interests and public benefits in the PPR. To better understand the conflict between agricultural and wildlife uses of land, panel methods are used to examine the spatiotemporal variation of waterfowl populations and agricultural land use intensity in the PPR from 1961-2006. For the main static model, we find that a one percent increase in cropland or pasture...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wetlands protection; Spatial econometrics; GIS; Land use conflict; Migratory waterfowl; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q57; C33; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98422

Evaluating conservation auctions with limited information: the policy maker’s predicament
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schilizzi,   Steven; Latacz-Lohmann,   Uwe.
Buying environmental services from private landholders using tendering mechanisms are usually subject to a budget constraint. Auction theory has mostly focused on target-constrained auctions and is less well developed for this type of auction. This paper examines a theoretical model specifically developed for budget-constrained tenders and assesses its capacity to predict tendering performance under information limitations typical of those found in field applications. But this assessment cannot be done without complementing the model with controlled laboratory experiments. Subject to their external validity, we find that the model is able to make the correct policy recommendation when comparing the tender to an equivalent fixed price scheme, even when the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Auctions; Procurement; Tenders; Conservation; Economic experiments; Model validation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; C91; C92; D44; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100884

Flood risk – Prevention and Impact on Agricultural Lands
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wagner,   Klaus; Neuwirth,   Julia; Janetschek,   Hubert.
Recent extreme weather events have resulted in an ongoing discussion on the issues of land use and compensation payments within Austrian agriculture. Building on a functional evaluation system for agricultural lands as developed within the Interreg IIIB project “ILUP”, the national project “Agriculture and Flooding” has as its goal to classify the flood-protection contribution and flood sensitivity of agricultural lands. This, in turn, enables the recommendation of targeted measures for potentially improving flood situations, as well as an estimate of their implementation costs. In addition to the digital soil map, other fundamental sources used for the project are the digital flood risk map, IACS land-use data and works by the Institute for Land and Water...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Multifunctionality; Sustainability; Flood Risk; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q25; Q54; Q56.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50942

Auswertung von Daten des Integrierten Verwaltungs- und Kontrollsystems zur Abschätzung von Wirkungen der EU-Agrarreform auf Umwelt und Landschaft
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Osterburg,   Bernhard; Nitsch,   Heike; Laggner,   Birgit; Roggendorf,   Wolfgang.
Zusammenfassung: Der vorliegende Arbeitsbericht entstand im Rahmen des F+E-Vorhabens „Naturschutzfachliche Bewertung der GAP - Effizienzsteigerung durch Nutzung bestehender Datenbestände“, das durch das Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN) mit Mitteln des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit gefördert wurde. Ziel dieses Projektes war die Untersuchung flächenbezogener Auswirkungen der im Jahr 2003 beschlossenen EU-Agrarreform in Hinblick auf naturschutzrelevante Fragestellungen.                                                                                                                        Grundlage für quantitative Analysen bildeten die Daten des Integrierten Verwaltungs- und Kontrollsystems (InVeKoS), Fachkarten zu...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agrarreform; InVeKoS-Daten; Flächennutzung; Grünland; Naturschutz; Agricultural reform; IACS-data; Land use; Grassland; Nature conservation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q28; Q57; Q58.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104011

The non-permanence of optimal soil carbon sequestration
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hediger,   Werner.
Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils is considered as an option of greenhouse gas mitigation in many countries. But, the economic potential is limited by the dynamic process of saturation and the opportunity cost of land use change. In addition, this article shows that permanence cannot, in general, be achieved in the strict sense of maintaining the soil carbon stock on an increased equilibrium level. Rather, a cyclical pattern with periodical release of sequestered carbon can be economically optimal from both the farmers’ and societal point of view.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Climate policy; Carbon sequestration; Land use change; Economic analysis.; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51057

Land Use Consequences of Crop Insurance Subsidies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miao,   Ruiqing; Feng,   Hongli; Hennessy,   David A.
There have long been concerns that federal crop insurance subsidies may significantly impact land use decisions. It is well known that classical insurance market information asymmetry problems can lead to a social excess of risky land entering crop production. Our conceptual model shows that the problem will arise absent any information failures. This is because the subsidy is i) proportional to acres planted, and ii) greatest for the most production risky land. Using farm-level data, we follow this observation through to establish the implications of subsidies for the extent of crop production, with particular emphasis on U.S. regions where the cropland growth is likely to have marked adverse environmental impacts. Simulation results show that when...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Crop insurance; Land use; Crop yields; Yield risk measurement; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q18; Q24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103891

Land Transactions in the North of Vietnam: A Modelling Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Van Hung,   Pham; MacAulay,   T. Gordon.
The use of mathematical models to describe the interactions of variables is useful in modern management. In this paper, a 'mixed' model combining the knapsack problem, a household model and a form of spatial equilibrium model into a modelling framework is developed. The impacts of changes in off-farm wage rates, transaction costs in the rental market, the output prices of paddy crops, and land transactions were examined in the model. The simulation has led to the conclusion that the real benefits to farm households from land consolidation may not be apparent until the real opportunity cost of farm labour begins to rise. In addition, a reform policy in the administrative sector which encourages, not only the process of land accumulation and the rental...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land transactions; Modelling; Knapsack problem; Vietnam; Land Economics/Use; C6; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25601

The 'Landcare' Approach to Soil Conservation in the Philippines: An Assessment of Farm-Level Impacts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cramb,   Rob A.; Catacutan,   Delia; Culasero-Arellano,   Z.; Mariano,   K.
"Landcare" is a group-based approach to the promotion of conservation farming. A case study of the Landcare program in Lantapan in the southern Philippines is presented to assess the farm-level impacts of this approach. The program was successful in promoting the formation of Landcare groups and a municipal Landcare association, resulting in rapid and widespread adoption of conservation practices, particularly among maize farmers. This in turn significantly reduced soil erosion, though the impact on crop yield and income was somewhat delayed. Adoption was thus not motivated primarily by short-term returns but by a concern to reduce soil erosion and provide a basis for diversification into agroforestry.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Q16; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25370

An Analysis of Global Timber Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sohngen,   Brent; Mendelsohn,   Robert; Sedjo,   Roger A.; Lyon,   Kenneth S.
This paper presents a model of global timber markets that captures the evolution of a broad array of forest resources and timber market margins over time. These margins include the inaccessible northern and tropical margins, plantation establishment, and timberland management. A baseline case is presented and discussed. Five alternative scenarios are then presented. These scenarios allow us to consider several important questions about timber market behavior and the future supply of industrial fiber: (1) What happens along the northern and the tropical inaccessible margins? (2) What role do timber plantations play? and (3) How do shifts in management intensity interact with market forces? The baseline case suggests that both prices and harvests rise over...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Global timber markets; Forest plantations; Model; Forecast; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q21; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10449

Valuing Recreational Benefits of a National Park in Andean Colombia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alvarez,   Sergio; Larkin,   Sherry L.
Protected undeveloped areas are an important tool for land conservation in developing nations. Efficient land allocation decisions and resource management requires knowledge of non-market benefits. Using travel cost and contingent valuation data from on-site interviews and secondary data on visitation, this study will value a national park in Columbia.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Consumer surplus; Non-market valuation; Willingness to pay; Zonal travel cost; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q26; Q57.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6732

The Brownfield Bargain: Negotiating Site Cleanup Policies in Wisconsin
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hersh,   Robert; Wernstedt,   Kris.
In this paper, the first part of our three-part study on the development of brownfields policy in Wisconsin, we examine the regulatory history of the brownfields policy. We start with the 1978 Hazardous Substance Spill Law, the antecedent to the brownfields regulatory reform of the 1990s, and examine the interaction of policy entrepreneurs in both the public and the private sectors that has led to innovation. We follow this by exploring the response of the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources to reform efforts, looking at both how it anticipated and led some of the efforts and how it addressed demands placed on it by the state legislature and executive. We then discuss the central role that the state's Brownfields Study Group has played in moving...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Brownfields; Policy innovation; Regulatory history; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10727

Climate Change and Food Security to 2050: A Global Economy-wide Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Valenzuela,   Ernesto; Anderson,   Kym.
Recent analyses of the possible adverse effects of climate change on agriculture in developing countries have raised food security concerns, especially for farm households whose crop productivity is expected to fall. The present study uses the GTAP global economy-wide model to capture at the same time the expected positive effects on temperate zone crop productivity, which will more or less offset the upward pressure on farm product prices from yield falls in developing countries. Also modelled is an expected adverse effect of higher temperatures and humidity on the productivity of unskilled workers in the tropics, but since they work in nonfarm as well as farm activities the net effect of that shock on agriculture’s competitiveness is an empirical matter....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Crop and labour productivity growth; Global computable general equilibrium model projections; Productivity Analysis; D58; F17; Q17; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100531

The effect of soil quality on fertilizer use rates among smallholder farmers in western Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marenya,   Paswel Phiri; Barrett,   Christopher B.
Studies of fertilizer use in sub-Saharan Africa have been dominated by analyses of economic and market factors having to do with infrastructure, institutions, and incentives that prevent or foster increased fertilizer demand, largely ignoring how soil fertility status conditions farmer demand for fertilizer. We apply a switching regression model to data from 260 farm households in western Kenya in order to allow for the possibility of discontinuities in fertilizer demand based on a soil carbon content (SCC) threshold. We find that the usual factors reflecting liquidity and quasi-fixed inputs are important on high-SCC plots but not on those with poorer soils. External inputs become less effective on soils with low SCC, hence the discernible shift in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fertilizer demand; Fertilizer policy; Soil carbon; Soil organic matter; Switching regression; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Q12; Q18; Q24.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51671

Using Incentives to Buy Land-Use Change in Agriculture for Environmental Benefits
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pannell,   David J.
In general, the use of incentive payments to landholders in environmental programs is poorly thought through. This article discusses situations where environmental incentive payments are more likely to be a cost-effective response by environmental funders. It is proposed that incentives can be used in two broad ways: to encourage trialling of new practices by landholders, or to compensate landholders for losses resulting from land-use changes. It appears that environmental funders often do not pay sufficient attention to the differences between these two approaches. The first approach only makes sense if the new practices are 'adoptable', and so are expected to remain attractive to landholders beyond the trialling phase. The importance of adoptability and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental subsidies; Incentives; Externalities; Adoption of innovations; Environmental policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q24; Q28; Q57; Q58; H23; H4.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25397

Land allocation policy and conservation practices in the mountains of Northern Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Saint-Macary,   Camille; Keil,   Alwin; Zeller,   Manfred.
In Vietnam, a quasi-private property regime has been established in 1993, with the issuance exchangeable and mortgageable land use right certificates. Using primary qualitative and quantitative data, this paper investigates the role of the titling policy in fostering the use of soil conservation practices by upland farmers in the northern mountains region. There, population growth and growing market demands have induced farmers to intensify agricultural production onto steep slopes. While poverty has been reduced, environmental 16 problems such as soil erosion, landslides, and declining soil fertility have become severe over the past years. Our findings suggest that soil conservation technologies although relatively well known are perceived as being...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land titling; Technology adoption; Upland agriculture; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; O13; Q24; Q56.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51763

The Present Value Model, Farmland Prices and Structural Breaks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gutierrez,   Luciano; Erickson,   Kenneth W.; Westerlund,   Joakim.
We review the constant discount rate present value model of farmland prices using non-stationary panel data analysis. We use panel unit root and cointegration analysis to test if the present value model holds for a sample of 31 U.S. States covering the period 1960-2000. Preliminary results indicate that farmland prices and cash rents are non-stationary and non-cointegrated assuming a constant discount rate. The absence of cointegration may be due to the presence of a regime shift representing a time-varying discount rate. To accommodate this possibility, we introduce new panel cointegration tests that allow for unknown regime shifts in the cointegration relationship. The results suggest that the cointegration hypothesis cannot be rejected if there is a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farmland prices; Present value model; Non-stationary panel data analysis; Regime shift; Q24; Land Economics/Use; C22; C23; G12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24702

Wilderness and Primitive Area Recreation Participation and Consumption:  An Examination of Demographic and Spatial Factors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bowker,   James Michael; Murphy,   D.; Cordell,   H. Ken; English,   Donald B.K.; Bergstrom,   John C.; Starbuck,   C. Meghan; Betz,   Carter J.; Green,   Gary T.
This paper explores the influence of demographic and spatial variables on individual participation and consumption of wildland area recreation.  Data from the National Survey on Recreation and the Environment are combined with geographical information system-based distance measures to develop nonlinear regression models used to predict both participation and the number of days of participation in wilderness and primitive area recreation.  The estimated models corroborate previous findings indicating that race (black), ethnicity (Hispanic), immigrant status, age, and urban dwelling are negatively correlated with wildland visitation, while income, gender (male), and education positively affect wildland recreation participation and use.  The presence of a...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Logistic; Negative binomial; Participation; Recreation; Visits; Wilderness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q21; Q26; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43765

The Economics of Biodiversity Conservation in Agricultural Transition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Omer,   Amani A.; Pascual,   Unai; Russell,   Noel P.
This paper explores the dynamic effects of biodiversity conservation on agricultural production in the context of specialised intensive farming systems that may be in transition towards more sustainable farming. The focus is on the analysis of the dynamic effects of changes in the levels of agrobiodiversity, on technical change and productivity in intensive agricultural systems. A theoretical model is used to derive hypotheses regarding these linkages that are empirically tested using a stochastic production frontier model with data from a panel of UK cereal farms for the period 1989-2000. The results suggest that the increased agrobiodiversity has positively helped to shift the production frontier outwards. This indicates that agricultural transition from...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agrobiodiversity; Intensive agriculture; Productivity; Technical change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q12; Q16; Q24.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24636

Subsistence farmer preferences for alternative incentive policies to encourage the adoption of conservation agriculture in Malawi: A choice elicitation approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marenya,   Paswel Phiri; Smith,   Vincent H.; Nkonya,   Ephraim M.
Land degradation in most sub Saharan Africa is a widely recognized problem and is due in large part to poor land management practices. To address this problem, several policy-based incentives to increase the adoption of better land management practices have been proposed, including fertilizer subsidies, cash payments and, more recently, subsidized or commercially offered weather index-based insurance contracts. However, little is known about farmers’ preferences among these policy alternatives, their relative effectiveness, and their likely fiscal implications. Using survey and choice elicitation data from 271 farmers in Central Malawi, this study examines smallholder farmers’ preferences among four major policy options that provide incentives for adopting...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Choice elicitation; Cash transfer; Fertilizer subisdy; Incenitves; Indemnity insurance; Malawi; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124010

Divergence between WTA and WTP Revisited: Livestock Grazing on Public Range
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sun,   Lili; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; Voss,   Graham M.
The research reported here provides further empirical support for the contention that there is a divergence between WTA and WTP. The conclusion is based on results from a 2002 survey of Nevada ranchers that asked about willingness to pay for public forage and WTA compensation to part with grazing rights. WTP and WTA are estimated simultaneously, with the estimators used to demonstrate a statistically significant divergence between WTP and WTA. The simultaneous estimation allows us to identify ranch characteristics that influence the discrepancy in valuations. Ranch size, public grazing allotment, financial distress, and long term commitment to ranching are all significant influences on the disparity. We interpret these results both with respect to general...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation methods; Dichotomous choice surveys; WTA versus WTP; Grazing rights and public forage; Agribusiness; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q24; Q51.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37014

Construction Minerals in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area: A Land Management Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wernstedt,   Kris; Cummings,   Amy Mcabee.
The patchwork of government influences that shape the protection and management of construction mineral resources--sand, gravel, and crushed stone--includes statutes, regulations, guidance documents, and court decisions at the federal, state, and local level. Across the Washington-Baltimore metropolitan area, both these influences and the experiences that the counties have had in managing construction mineral resources range widely. Our principal objective in this study is to discuss the mechanisms that counties use to manage such resources; the level and source of concern that local residents have with respect to construction mineral extraction operations; officials' perceptions about trends in the supply and demand for mineral resources; and the level of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Construction minerals; Aggregates; Land use planning; Baltimore-Washington; Land Economics/Use; Q24; Q38; R52.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10731

Análisis económico de la “bio-carbonización” como práctica de manejo agrícola
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ramirez,   Juan Andres; Rosales Alvarez,   Ramon.
Las altas concentraciones de gases de efecto invernadero, específicamente CO2, han sido señaladas como la principal causa del cambio climático. La adopción de prácticas agrícolas capaces de incrementar el contenido de carbono en el suelo, ha sido propuesta como una estrategia de bajo costo y disponibilidad inmediata para enfrentar este fenómeno. La Bio-carbonización es una de estas prácticas agrícolas, la cual implica la aplicación de carbón vegetal al suelo, de modo que el carbono queda capturado en una forma altamente recalcitrante al tiempo que se mejora la calidad del suelo. Este artículo es el primero en evaluar la viabilidad financiera y considerar algunos de los efectos económicos de la práctica, estimados para una finca tipo en la altillanura...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultura sostenible; Altillanura colombiana; Análisis costobeneficio; Programación lineal; Secuestro de carbono; Servicios ambientales.; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; C6; D60; O30; Q10; Q24; Q50.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60734

El índice CONEAT como medida de productividad y valor de la tierra.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lanfranco,   Bruno A.; Sapriza,   Gonzalo.
El objetivo de la presente investigación es cuantificar el impacto del índice de productividad CONEAT sobre los precios pagados por los inmuebles rurales en el Uruguay. El índice CONEAT intenta expresar la relación entre la capacidad de producción de un predio, medida en términos de carne y lana, y las unidades de suelo que lo componen. La ventaja de su uso radica en su fácil comprensión por parte de los agentes. La principal crítica es que utiliza exclusivamente parámetros de producción ganadera que hacen cuestionable su uso cuando se comparan inmuebles con otras aptitudes productivas. Sin embargo, aun se lo utiliza frecuentemente para tasar inmuebles rurales o comparar productividad entre inmuebles. Para estimar el valor monetario implícito que los...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Hedonic prices; Product differentiation; Land productivity; Demand and Price Analysis; Land Economics/Use; C21; Q24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121684

How Well Can Markets for Development Rights Work? Evaluating a Farmland Preservation Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McConnell,   Virginia D.; Kopits,   Elizabeth; Walls,   Margaret.
Transferable development rights (TDRs) can be used as a local planning tool to preserve land for particular uses. TDRs separate ownership of the right to develop land from ownership of the land itself, creating a market in which the development rights can be bought and sold. Landowners who sell TDRs permanently preserve their land in an undeveloped state; those TDRs are then used to increase the density of development elsewhere. In this paper, we evaluate a TDR program for preserving farmland in Calvert County, Maryland. We evaluate the performance of the TDR market over the 23-year life of the program by looking at the number of transactions and TDRs sold and the level and dispersion of prices over time. We also look closely at the influence of the county...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land use; Farmland preservation; Development rights; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q24; R140.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10659

Modeling Linkages Between Climate Policy and Land Use: An Overview
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van der Werf,   Edwin; Peterson,   Sonja.
Agriculture and forestry play an important role in emitting and storing greenhouse gases. For an efficient and cost-effective climate policy it is therefore important to explicitly include land use, land use change, and forestry (LULUCF) in economy-climate models. This paper gives an overview and assessment of existing approaches to include land use, land-use change, and forestry into climate-economy models or to link economy-climate models to land-use models.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Climate Policy; Modeling; Land Use; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q23; Q24; Q25; Q42.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9545

Climate Change Assessment and Agriculture in General Equilibrium Models: Alternative Modeling Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Palatnik,   Ruslana Rachel; Roson,   Roberto.
Agricultural sectors play a key role in the economics of climate change. Land as an input to agricultural production is one of the most important links between economy and the biosphere, representing a direct projection of human action on the natural environment. Agricultural management practices and cropping patterns have a vast effect on biogeochemical cycles, freshwater availability and soil quality. Agriculture also plays an important role in emitting and storing greenhouse gases. Thus, to consistently investigate climate policy and future pathways for the economic and natural environment, a realistic representation of agricultural land-use is essential. Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models have increasingly been used to this purpose. CGE models...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Computable General Equilibrium (CGE); Partial Equilibrium (PE); Agriculture; Land Use; Climate Change; Environmental Economics and Policy; C68; D58; Q24; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54284

Determinants of Land-Use Change In the United States 1982-1997
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lubowski,   Ruben N.; Plantinga,   Andrew J.; Stavins,   Robert N.
Changes in the use of land in the United States produce significant economic and environmental effects with important implications for a wide variety of policy issues, including protection of wildlife habitat, management of urban growth, and mitigation of global climate change. In contrast to previous descriptive and qualitative analyses of the trends in national land use, this paper uses an econometric approach to isolate the importance of historical changes in land-use profits and key government policies in determining national land-use changes from 1982 to 1997. The policies we examine are the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and total government payments to crop producers. We estimate a national-level discrete choice model of changes among the major...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land use; Econometric model; Counterfactual simulation; Conservation Reserve Program (CRP); Land Economics/Use; C53; Q1; Q24; R14; R15.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10714

Andalusian Demand for Non-Market Goods from Mountain Olive Groves
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arriaza Balmón,   Manuel; Gomez-Limon,   Jose Antonio; Kallas,   Zein; Nekhay,   Olexandr.
Agricultural multifunctionality is the recognition of the joint exercise of economic, environmental and social functions by this sector. In order to make this concept operative for the design of public policies, it is necessary to estimate the social demand for such functions. The main objective of this article is to present an empirical application in this line. For this purpose we have taken the agricultural system of mountain olive groves in Andalusia (Southern Spain) at risk of abandonment after the decoupling of the EU subsidies as a case study. The economic valuation technique used is the Choice Experiment. According to the results, there is a different contribution of each attribute to the improvement of the Society level of utility. The main...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural multifunctionality; Economic valuation; Choice experiment; Olive groves; Andalusia (Spain); Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Q11; Q18; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25385

From Pasture Land to Farm Plots, Triggers and Motivations for Land Use Changes in Afar, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kotu,   Bekele Hundie.
Communal land use system has existed in pastoral Afar (as in many other pastoral areas) since time of immemorial accommodating the interests of different user groups. This form of land use system, which has adapted to the harsh environment in which herders raise their livestock, enables efficient utilization of scattered pastoral resources since it accommodates constant mobility of livestock. In contrast to the mobile way of life, which characterizes pastoralism, farming as a sedentary activity is only marginally present in the lowlands of the Afar region. However, the traditional land-use system in Afar is changing nowadays if favor farming because of various reasons. This paper explains such changes mainly based the data collected through a household...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land use; Pastoralists; Farming; Drought; Afar; Ethiopia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51276

Externalities, Decreasing Returns, and Common Ownership
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simpson,   R. David.
Placing production units under common ownership is often suggested as a solution to the problem of externalities. This will not always be true when there are decreasing returns to scale. An atomistic industry could be more efficient than a monopoly in some instances. Even when the "optimal" industry configuration would involve a finite number of producers, no two may have appropriate incentives to combine. An omniscient and benign regulator can always assure a more efficient outcome than would result from the combination of private producers. Whether real-world regulators should be called upon, however, is less clear.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Externalities; Mergers; Returns to scale; Incentives; Land Economics/Use; L23; Q24.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10457

Land Use Policy: Lessons from Water Quality Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abdalla,   Charles W.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Q24; Q25; Q53.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94684

Optimal Soil Management and Environmental Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oueslati,   Walid.
This paper studies the effects of environmental policy on the farmer’s soil optimal management. We consider a dynamic economic model of soil erosion where the intensity use of inputs allows the farmer to control soil losses. Therefore, inputs use induces a pollution which is accentuated by the soil fragility. We show, at the steady state, that environmental tax induces a more conservative farmer behavior for soil, but in some cases it can exacerbates pollution. These effects can be moderated when farmer introduces abatement activity.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Soil erosion; Pollution; Environmental policy; Optimal soil conservation; Abatement activities; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q12; Q24; Q28; Q52; H23.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24533

Scaling up Ecosystem Services Values: Methodology, Applicability and a Case Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brander,   Luke M.; Ghermandi,   Andrea; Kuik,   Onno; Markandya,   Anil; Nunes,   Paulo A.L.D.; Schaafsma,   Marije; Wagtendonk,   Alfred.
The approach of using existing data on economic values of local ecosystem services for an assessment of these values at a larger geographical scale can be called “scaling up”. In a scaling-up exercise, economic values from a particular study site are transferred to another geographical setting, for instance to the regional, national or global scale. This paper proposes a methodology for scaling up ecosystem service values to a European level, assesses the availability of data for conducting this method, and illustrates the procedure with a case study on wetland values. The proposed methodology makes use of meta-analysis to produce a value function that is subsequently applied to individual European wetland sites. Site-specific, study-specific and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem Services; Value Transfer; Meta-Analysis; Wetland Values; Environmental Economics and Policy; C81; Q24; Q57.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60689

Modelling the value of a multifunctional landscape – A discrete choice experiment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Borresch,   Rene; Maas,   Sarah; Schmitz,   Kim; Schmitz,   P. Michael.
In the context of today’s intensive discussion of landscape multifunctionality, one primary objective of the current European Union policy is to support the implementation of multifunctionaly within the EU. In order to assess the economical feasibility of the implementation of a multifunctional land use in the Wetterau region in Germany this study addresses the question whether the local population, which is above all affected by the degradation of landscapes, benefits from a change from today’s landscape dominated by intensive agricultural production towards a multifunctional landscape. Based on data obtained by discrete choice experiments in the Wetterau region, a cost-benefit-analysis is carried out using the modelling and assessment framework CHOICE....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Landscape multifunctionality; CHOICE; Discrete choice experiments; Willingness-to-Pay; Cost-benefit-analysis; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q24; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51641

The Sustainability of Cotton Production in China and in Australia: Comparative Economic and Environmental Issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhao,   Xufu; Tisdell,   Clement A.
After providing some background about the importance of cotton as a fibre, this article provides information about the global relevance of China’s and Australia’s cotton industries and compares the structure and other significant features of their cotton industries. Attention is given to trends in overall cotton yields and the volume of production of cotton globally, in Australia, and in China as indicators of the sustainability of cotton supplies. Some simple economic theory is applied to indicate the relationship between market conditions and the sustainability of global cotton supplies. Then the environmental and economic factors that challenge the sustainability of Australian cotton production are outlined and analysed and this is done subsequently for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Australia; China; Cotton production; Fibre markets; Hysteresis of supplies; Sustainable agriculture; Water resources.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q01; Q11; Q15; Q24; Q50.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55338

The Effect of Climate Change on Land Use and Wetlands Conservation in Western Canada: An Application of Positive Mathematical Programming
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Withey,   Patrick; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
This study examines the impact of climate change on land use in the Prairie Pothole Region of Western Canada, with particular emphasis on how climate change will impact wetlands. A multi-region Positive Mathematical Programming model calibrates land use in the area to observed acreage in 2006. Policy simulations for both climate effects as well as the effects of biofuel policies determine how climate change will affect land use and wetlands. Given that the model calibrates to observed acreage, the policies provide a realistic view of how land use might change from current levels, given the effects of climate change. Results indicate that climate change could decrease wetlands in this area by as much as 50 percent. The effect will be very different...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Positive mathematical programming; Wetlands conservation; Land use change; Climate change; Biofuels; Prairie pothole region; Environmental Economics and Policy; C02; C63; Q15; Q54; Q57; Q24; Q25.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107095

Measuring the Efficiency Effect of Banning Anti-Microbial Growth Promoters: The Case of Danish Pig Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lawson,   Lartey Godwin; Sauer,   Johannes; Jensen,   Peter V.; Jensen,   Helen H.
This study examines the effect of banning antimicrobial growth promoters on efficiency in the production of weaned and slaughter (finishing) pigs. We focus on the reaction of producers and production efficiency. We evaluate the estimated output and input shadow prices relative to market prices to analyse producer reactions and capture the impact on production efficiency by evaluating the effects of the ban changes on total factor productivity. To this end we model a multi product shadow profit function and incorporate output and input related shadow prices by using a second order flexible functional form. The development in total factor productivity is subsequently measured by calculating the Malmquist index on the farm level. To make infer-ences on the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Animal health economics; Food economics; Shadow prices; Efficiency; Antimicrobial growth promoters; Pig production; Livestock Production/Industries; Q1; Q11; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9995

Working Farm Participation and Acreage Enrollment in the Conservation Reserve Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lambert,   Dayton M.; Sullivan,   Patrick; Claassen,   Roger.
Among Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) participants, there is a distinction between farm households using the program to ease out of farming and those using the program to augment production receipts. We find evidence that factors other than crop or livestock revenue and environmental factors are associated with program participation and acreage enrollment among farmers who continue agricultural production. Program payments and farm size are positively associated with the amount of land enrolled in the CRP, and characteristics of participants in land retirement and working-lands CRP components are similar.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Acreage enrollment; Conservation Reserve Program; Land retirement; Program participation; Working farms; Working-land conservation; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6620

Optimizing Farmland Preservation Choices Across Communities and Jurisdictional Scales: To What Extent are Amenity Values and Selection Criteria Transferable?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnston,   Robert J.; Duke,   Joshua M.; Kukielka,   Jessica B.
This paper assesses the potential for function based benefit transfer to inform farmland preservation policy, with emphasis on distinctions between welfare estimation and policy prioritization. Data are drawn from a parallel choice experiments implemented in six communities and statewide in Connecticut. The analysis provides a range of empirical results of potential significance for policy, but two findings are of particular relevance. First, results suggest that transfer errors in WTP for farmland preservation are comparable to those found in other policy contexts, even across similar sites. Results also suggest, however, that welfare based policy rankings are strongly correlated across sites, even when dollar denominated transfer errors are substantial....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6243

Land Conversion Pace under Uncertainty and Irreversibility: too fast or too slow?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Di Corato,   Luca; Moretto,   Michele; Vergalli,   Sergio.
In this paper stochastic dynamic programming is used to investigate land conversion decisions taken by a multitude of landholders under uncertainty about the value of environmental services and irreversible development. We study land conversion under competition on the market for agricultural products when voluntary and mandatory measures are combined by the Government to induce adequate participation in a conservation plan. We study the impact of uncertainty on the optimal conversion policy and discuss conversion dynamics under different policy scenarios on the basis of the relative long-run expected rate of deforestation. Interestingly, we show that uncertainty, even if it induces conversion postponement in the short-run, increases the average rate of...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Optimal Stopping; Deforestation; Payments for Environmental Services; Natural Resources Management; Risk and Uncertainty; C61; D81; Q24; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119107

Modeling Suburban and Rural-Residential Development Beyond the Urban Fringe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Newburn,   David A.; Berck,   Peter.
This article investigates how land-use regulations differentially influence suburban versus rural-residential development. Particular emphasis is placed on how both the provision of municipal services (e.g., sewer and water) and zoned maximum density constrain higher-density residential development. We estimated a spatially explicit model with parcel data on recent housing development in Sonoma County, California. To account for heterogeneity in compliance with zoning regulations, we used a random-parameter logit model. The designation of sewer and water services was the most important determinant of suburban development. Meanwhile, it did not significantly affect the likelihood of rural-residential development, which actually leapfrogged into areas well...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Q24; R14; R52.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21068

Hurricanes and Possible Intensity Increases: Effects on and Reactions from U.S. Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Chi-Chung; McCarl,   Bruce A.
Hurricanes have caused substantial damage in parts of the U.S. Damages are increasing, perhaps as part of a natural cycle or perhaps in part related to global warming. This paper examines the economic damages that hurricanes cause to U.S. agriculture, estimates the increased damage from an increase in hurricane frequency/intensity, and examines the way that sectoral reactions reduce damages. The simulation results show that hurricanes and associated adjustments cause widespread damage and redistribute agricultural welfare. We find that crop mix shifts of vulnerable crops from stricken to nonstricken regions significantly mitigate hurricane damages.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crop mix; Hurricane intensity; Stochastic agricultural sector model; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Production Economics; Q24; Q54; R14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48758

Carbon Leakage with Forestation Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Gorter,   Harry; Drabik,   Dusan; Just,   David R.
This paper analyzes carbon leakage due to reduced emissions from deforestation (RED). We find that leakage with RED is good because the policy induces afforestation that contributes to a further carbon sequestration. By ignoring the domestic component of carbon leakage, the literature can either overestimate or underestimate leakage, depending on the magnitudes of the numerator and the denominator of the leakage formulas. Unlike the literature, we include the land and agricultural markets in the analysis of carbon leakage with forestation policies. In this model, carbon leakage depends on: (1) supply and demand elasticities of timber production and consumption, respectively in the country introducing a RED policy (Home country) and in the rest of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Carbon leakage; Forestry; Reduced emissions from deforestation; Afforestation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q23; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103797

The Ghost of Extinction: Preservation Values and Minimum Viable Population in Wildlife Models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; Eiswerth,   Mark E.
The inclusion of a minimum viable population in bioeconomic modeling creates at least two complications that are not resolved by using a modified logistic growth function. The first complication can be dealt with by choosing a different depensational growth function. The second complication relates to the inclusion of the in situ benefits of wildlife into the analysis. Knowledge about the magnitude of the in situ benefits provides no guide for policy about conservation management. Simply knowing that people are willing to pay a large amount each year to protect a species says nothing about whether one should manage habitat to protect or enhance the species’ numbers, unless the species is in imminent danger of extinction. If willingness to pay is to be a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Marginal willingness to pay; Endangered species and extinction; Minimum viable population; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q20; Q24; C61.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37912

Marion Clawson's Contribution to Forestry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.
Marion Clawson passed away in April 1998 at the age of 92. He was a giant in the field of resource and environmental economics who devoted the last decade and one-half of his professional career to forest and forest related issues. He produced over 30 professional books and hundreds of papers. This paper presents a broad overview of his career as an economist, with a focus on his work in and influence on forestry and forest policy. From the early 1970s through to his last professional book in 1983, and his final professional contributions in the mid 1990s, Clawson devoted most of his professional efforts to forest issues. His influence on forests and forest policy was substantial, especially in the context of public policy toward America's publicly owned...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Marion Clawson; Forest; Economics; Resources; Policy; Timber; Recreation; History; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; B31; Q10; Q20; Q23; Q24; Q26; Q28.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10755

Rural Livelihoods: Interplay Between Farm Activities, Non-farm Activities and the Resource Base
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kuiper,   Marijke H.; Meijerink,   Gerdien W.; Eaton,   Derek J.F.
A concentration of poor in rural areas has resulted in a research and policy focus on agricultural technologies and (poor) households’ impact on soil productivity. But farm households do not live of farming alone, non-farm activities play a principal role even in remote areas. With a unique household-level dataset covering seven regions in Africa and two in Asia we analyze (1) the importance of non-farm income in different geographical zones; (2) the role of geographical factors in determining access to non-farm employment; (3) the role of non-farm income in external input use and soil nitrogen balances. Distinguishing geographical zones based on the distance to urban areas we find the share of non-farm income increasing from 12 percent in the remote areas...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Off-farm income; Rural development; Micro-economics; Labor and Human Capital; Q12; D1; J43; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25442

THE ECONOMICS OF LAND-ZONING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goetz,   Renan-Ulrich; Zilberman,   David.
Land-use restrictions are frequently applied to separate polluting from non-polluting activities. In contrast to the existing literature, we incorporate spatial and intertemporal aspects of the problem simultaneously and determine the border of the zones endogenously. The results, based on a two-stage optimization method, show that non-spatially differentiated Pigouvian taxes on the final emissions are able to establish the socially optimal outcome. Second-best instruments alone, such as a spatially differentiated tax on inputs or outputs are not able to support the socially optimal outcome and need to be complemented by land-zoning or land-use taxes. We compare the efficiency of different spatial environmental policies such as land-use taxes or land...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land-use taxes; Zoning; Land allocation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; R52; C61; H23; Q24; R38.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21828

Can a Warmer Climate Save Northern Agriculture?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gaasland,   Ivar.
Agriculture at high latitudes is expected to be a main beneficiary of a man-made climate change. A numerical model, using Norway as a case, is employed to analyze the impacts of a warmer climate on northern agriculture. The computations indicate that the current degree of self-sufficiency can be achieved with less budget support and higher economic welfare. However, it may be argued that environmental goods, such as landscape and biodiversity preservation, and rural settlement, are more important than self-sufficiency for northern agriculture. It is demonstrated that, in that case, welfare gains are substantially lower, and can even be negative.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Northern agriculture; Environmental goods; Numerical model; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; L52; Q18; Q24.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24551

Land Degradation in Ethiopia: What Do Stoves Have To Do With It?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gebreegziabher,   Zenebe; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; van Soest,   Daan P.
In Ethiopia deforestation is a major problem and many peasants have switched from fuelwood to dung for cooking and heating purposes, thereby damaging the agricultural productivity of cropland. The Ethiopian government has embarked on a two-pronged policy in an effort to stem deforestation and the degradation of agricultural lands: (i) tree planting or afforestation; (ii) dissemination of more efficient stove technologies. The motivation in here is, therefore, to examine the potential of the strategy of disseminating improved stoves in the rehabilitation of agricultural and forests lands. For empirical analysis we used a dataset on cross-section of 200 farm households from the highlands of Tigrai, northern Ethiopia. We used a two-step procedure reminiscent...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land degradation; Technology adoption; Fuel-savings efficiency; Stoves; Ethiopia; Land Economics/Use; Q12; Q16; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25563

Effects of Forestland Ownership Conversion on Greenhouse Gas Emissions: The Case of South Korea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cho,   Seong-Hoon; Kim,   Hee Ho; Roberts,   Roland K.; Kim,   Seung Gyu; Lee,   Daegoon.
This research analyzed the effects of forestland conversion from private to public ownership on greenhouse gas emissions by quantifying the relationship between forestland ownership conversion and deforestation, and then examining the effects of the change in deforestation on greenhouse gas emissions in South Korea. Ex ante simulations forecast greenhouse gas emissions resulting from deforestation rates under the current level of national forestland and three scenarios of increased percentages of national forestland. The findings suggest that increasing the percentage of national forestland would mitigate the increase in the deforestation rate, which in turn would moderate the increase in greenhouse gas emissions.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gas emissions; Forestland Ownership; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q23; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103714

The Value of Disappearing Beaches: A hedonic pricing model with endogenous beach width
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gopalakrishnan,   Sathya; Smith,   Martin D.; Slott,   Jordan M.; Murray,   A. Brad.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Beach nourishment; Beach width; Erosion; Hedonic; Non-market valuation; Morpho-economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49261

Plant Species Protection Contracts: Modelling Contract Choice for Specialised Dairy Farms and Mixed Dairy Pig Fattening Farms in the Netherlands
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peerlings,   Jack H.M.; Polman,   Nico B.P.
Proposals of the European Commission stress the future importance of agri-environmental payments within the rural development policy of the European Union. The aim of this paper is to present and discuss a model for choice for plant species protection contracts in the Netherlands. The model includes transaction costs, time and the possibility of lock-in situations related to contract choice. The approach discussed is flexible because it makes it possible to introduce all kinds of technical and institutional restrictions (differences in contract design).
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agri-environmental contracts; Contract choice; Environmental Economics and Policy; C61; L14; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24728

Modelling Land Use in Rural New Zealand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olssen,   Alex; Kerr,   Suzi.
Regional Councils are primarily responsible for environmental management, as specified in the Resource Management Act (RMA), 1991. The Local Government Act 2002 has an integrative component, requiring consideration of social, economic, environmental and cultural well-being of their communities. These two Acts are interesting, as their combination is shaping new governance structures within New Zealand. Different types of policy instruments are available to Regional Councils while carrying out their functions: regulatory, economic and voluntary. The 1990s are characterized by ‘first generation Plans’ of the RMA, which were highly rule focused. In the 2000s a marked shift occurred, mainstreaming ‘community’ and participative approaches to policy. This...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land use change; New Zealand; National; Time series; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115413

Crop biodiversity repercussions of subsidized organic farming in Greece
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nastis,   Stefanos A.; Michailidis,   Anastasios; Mattas,   Konstadinos.
This paper analyzes the impact of CAP financial assistance on crop biodiversity under uncertainty. A stochastic production function is employed and estimated to assess whether risk-averse farmers hedge risk by diversifying their portfolio of crops, thus increasing crop biodiversity. The model is applied to farm-level data of organic crop farms in Greece. Organic farming financial assistance poses a double-edged sword: even though it is considered agrobiodiversity enhancing as a cultivation method, subsidizing it can become agrobiodiversity reducing, since farmers may select to cultivate only the subsidized crops. The study shows that risk aversion leads to crop biodiversity conservation. However, providing CAP financial assistance on certain crops appears...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop biodiversity; Agroecosystem; Risk management; Agricultural assistance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; Q18; D80; Q24; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114628

Land-use Change and Solar Energy Production: A Real Option Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ardjan,   Gazheli; Di Corato,   Luca.
In this paper a real option model is developed to examine the critical factors affecting the decision to lease agricultural land to a company installing a PV power plant. The leasing payment is certain while the net revenues from agriculture are uncertain. We identify the profit values at which the farmer decides to lease his plot vs. continue farming it. By applying the model to the province of Bologna (Italy), we illustrate the possible land-use change scenarios in this area. We conclude by discussing the importance of PV energy production as a source of income for farmers and its implications from a social perspective.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Land Allocation; Real Options; Renewable Energy; Solar farm; Uncertainty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C61; D81; Q24; Q42.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120041

Genetically Engineering Crops for a Sustainable Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ervin,   David E.; Welsh,   Rick.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q16; Q18; Q24; Q25; Q55; Q56; Q57.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94765

Expanding the National Flood Insurance Program to Cover Coastal Erosion Damage
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Keeler,   Andrew G.; Kriesel,   Warren; Landry,   Craig E.
This paper uses the results of a nationwide survey of coastal property owners to estimate the demand for insurance against erosion damage.  The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) does not technically cover such damage, although in practice there is considerable uncertainty about this point.  The ability to insure against such losses has implications for the choice of beach management strategies and for NFIP management.  We find significant demand for insurance at prices in the range of current flood insurance premiums, although median willingness to pay appears to be less than cost of providing such insurance.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Coastal erosion; Insurance; Risk; Q24; G22; H41.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43199

Precio de la tierra con presión urbana: un modelo para España
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Decimavilla,   Esther; San Juan,   Carlos; Sperlich,   Stefan.
RESUMEN: Estudiamos el precio de la tierra para uso agrario y las variables que determinan su evolución en España, tratando de identificar qué parte de la subida de precios observada se justifica por elementos «internos», relacionados con la renta agraria esperada, y cuál proviene de elementos externos o especulativos, vinculados a cambios en el uso del suelo. Además se relaciona el ciclo de precios con la aceleración de la especialización en el ámbito regional y la integración en la PAC. La novedad de este trabajo consiste en identificar, mediante técnicas de datos de panel, factores no fundamentales (presión urbanizadora, creación de regadíos, cambio demográfico) que, además de los fundamentales (ingresos esperados y localización geográfica) determinan...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Especialización regional; Especulación urbana; Datos de panel; Precios de la tierra; Productividad agraria; Urban pressure; Panel data; Land prices; Agricultural productivity; Regional specialization; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q15; R14; Q24; R52.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37186

Does tendering conservation contracts with performance payments generate additional benefits?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schilizzi,   Steven; Breustedt,   Gunnar; Latacz-Lohmann,   Uwe.
Policy makers aiming to get private landholders to supply non-marketed environmental services may need to provide efficient economic incentives. Two ideas have been explored to achieve this: linking contract payments to environmental outcomes and submitting the contracts to competitive tender. This paper investigates whether there are any gains to be had by combining the potential benefits of both approaches. Landholders’ risk aversion to only partially controlled outcomes may offset incentive effects if the fall in participation outweighs any increases in individual effort. Controlled lab experiments were designed on the basis of a theoretical model and were run in two countries, with varying rates of payments linked to environmental outcomes. Results...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Conservation tenders; Auctions; Incentive contracts; Agricultural policy; Environmental policy; Market-based instruments; Experimental economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; C92; D44; D82; D86; H57; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100883

Landlord Satisfaction with Arkansas Agricultural Land Agreements
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rainey,   Ronald L.; Dixon,   Bruce L.; Parsch,   Lucas D.; Ahrendsen,   Bruce L.; Bierlen,   Ralph W.
Landlord satisfaction levels with agricultural land-leasing agreements are examined with a 1998 sample of Arkansas landowners. Ordered probit models are estimated identifying which factors significantly affect satisfaction levels.  Results indicate that the type of lease is not a significant determinant of landlord satisfaction levels.  Proportion of landlord’s income from leasing, tenant educational background, social capital variables, presence of irrigation equipment, and perceptions about the FAIR Act were found to significantly affect lease satisfaction in at least one of the three satisfaction models estimated.  A comparison with an earlier study of Arkansas tenants indicates landlords have generally higher satisfaction levels.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cropland contracts; Landlord satisfaction; Leasing; Probit models; L14; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43156

A Binary Logit Estimation of Factors Affecting Adoption of GPS Guidance Systems by Cotton Producers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Banerjee,   Swagata (Ban); Martin,   Steven W.; Roberts,   Roland K.; Larkin,   Sherry L.; Larson,   James A.; Paxton,   Kenneth W.; English,   Burton C.; Marra,   Michele C.; Reeves,   Jeanne M.
Binary logit analysis was used to identify the factors influencing adoption of Global Positioning System (GPS) guidance systems by cotton farmers in 11 Mid-south and Southeastern states. Results indicate that adoption was more likely by those who had already adopted other precision-farming practices and had used computers for farm management. In addition, younger and more affluent farmers were more likely to adopt. Farmers with larger farms and with relatively high yields were also more likely to adopt. Education was not a significant factor in a farmer’s decision to adopt GPS guidance systems.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Binary logit; Cotton; GPS guidance system; Marginal effect; Precision farming; Technology adoption; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Q2; Q16; Q19; Q20; Q24.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45530

Desirability, Challenges, and Methods of Protecting Farmland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lynch,   Lori.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Q24; Q28; R14.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94683

CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND FUTURE FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Valin,   Hugo; Havlik,   Petr; Mosnier,   Aline; Obersteiner,   Michael.
Discussions on climate change increasingly emphasize the contribution of agricultural activities to anthropogenic greenhouse gases emissions. In this paper, we investigate from a supply to demand side perspective the stress between food demand and climate change challenges up until 2030. We examine how more stringent climate change mitigation policies could alter agricultural markets and put at risk the nutrition possibilities of populations. We use for this purpose GLOBIOM, an applied partial equilibrium model covering, at the world scale and a fine grid resolution, the main land-based sectors: agriculture, forestry and bioenergy. For this exercise, the model is fully linked to a semi-flexible endogenous demand system with non-linear Engel’s curves. Our...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C61; Q11; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116392

Prospects for climate friendly peatland management – Results of a socioeconomic case study in Germany
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schaller,   Lena; Kantelhardt,   Jochen.
In the current debate on climate protection, agricultural production has become a focal point of interest. This study introduces the climate effectiveness of agricultural management of peat-soils. Agriculture on peatland demands a water-level drawdown that causes aerobe degradation of the soils. The resulting trace-gas emissions have a negative impact on the greenhouse-gas balance. In Germany more than 80% of peatland is used agriculturally; the resulting emissions account for 2.3 – 4.5% of Germany’s overall emission. Climate-friendly peatland management strategies, however, demand enhanced groundwater tables and decreased land-use intensity. With regard to agricultural income, severe economic consequences are to be expected. Against this background we...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural peatland use; Reduction of greenhouse gases; Farm survey; Economic consequences; Land Economics/Use; Q24; Q54; R58.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51074

Combining mixed logit models and random effects models to identify the determinants of willingness to pay for rural landscape improvements
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Campbell,   Danny.
This paper reports the findings from a discrete choice experiment study designed to estimate the economic benefits associated with rural landscape improvements in Ireland. Using a mixed logit model, the panel nature of the dataset is exploited to retrieve willingness to pay values for every individual in the sample. This departs from customary approaches in which the willingness to pay estimates are normally expressed as measures of central tendency of an a priori distribution. In a different vein from analysis conducted in previous discrete choice experiment studies, this paper uses random effects models for panel data to identify the determinants of the individual-specific willingness to pay estimates. In comparison with the standard methods used to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agri-environment; Discrete choice experiments; Mixed logit; Panel data; Random effects; Willingness to pay; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; C33; C35; Q24; Q51.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7975

The Supply of Private Acreage for Public Recreational Use in Southern and Central Appalachia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Zheng; Pagoulatos,   Angelos; Hu,   Wuyang; Fleming,   Ronald A.
Public lands in Southern and Central Appalachia (SCA) available for outdoor recreational pursuits are limited relative to the rest of the county. This study identifies factors that encourage private land owners to permit public access to their land for recreational purposes and determines how much acreage would be offered in the Southern and Central Appalachia region. The Tobit and Heckman’s sample selection models suggest that the probability of offering land to the public is correlated with the number of acres offered. Having acreage suited for recreation is a positive determinant of acres leased but attributes developed by the landowner act as a disincentive. Type of recreational activity has no effect on the landowner’s decision and the supply of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Private land lease; Recreational activities; Tobit model; Heckman’s sample selection model; Public recreational use; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q26.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61315

Spatial Externalities and Vector-Borne Plant Diseases:   Pierce’s Disease and the Blue-Green Sharpshooter in the Napa Valley
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fuller,   Kate B.; Alston,   Julian M.; Sanchirico,   James N.
Pierce’s Disease (PD) is a bacterial disease that can kill grapevines over a span of one to three years.  In this paper, we examine and model PD and vector control decisions made at the vineyard level in the Napa Valley in an effort to understand how the pest and disease affect individual growers, and to examine spatial externality issues and potential benefits from cooperation between adjacent vineyards.  The model that we created adds to the literature by (a) treating grape vines as capital stocks that take time to reach bearing age and thus cannot be immediately replaced in the event of becoming diseased.  We also (b) relax the assumption of an interior solution by examining the boundaries of parameter space for which winegrape growing is profitable and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Pierce’s Disease; Winegrapes; Perennial crop modeling; Agricultural pests and diseases; Optimal control theory; Crop Production/Industries; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; Q24; C61.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103865

Modeling Suburban and Rural-Residential Development Beyond the Urban Fringe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Newburn,   David A.; Berck,   Peter.
This article investigates how land-use regulations differentially influence suburban versus ruralresidential development. Particular emphasis is placed on how both the provision of municipal services (e.g., sewer and water) and zoned maximum density constrain higher-density residential development. We estimated a spatially explicit model with parcel data on recent housing development in Sonoma County, California. To account for heterogeneity in compliance with zoning regulations, we used a random-parameter logit model. The designation of sewer and water services was the most important determinant of suburban development. Meanwhile, it did not significantly affect the likelihood of rural-residential development, which actually leapfrogged into areas well...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Q24; R14; R52.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7154

The economics of agrobiodiversity conservation for food security under climate change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pascual,   Unai; Narloch,   Ulf; Nordhagen,   Stella; Drucker,   Adam G.
Subsistence-based and natural resource-dependent societies are especially vulnerable to climate change. In such contexts, food security needs to be strengthened by investing in the adaptability of food systems. This paper looks into the role of agrobiodiversity conservation for food security in the face of climate change. It identifies agrobiodiversity as a key public good that delivers necessary services for human wellbeing. We argue that the public values provided by agrobiodiversity conservation need to be demonstrated and captured. We offer an economic perspective of this challenge and highlight ways of capturing at least a subset of the public values of agrobiodiversity to help adapt to and reduce the vulnerability of subsistence based economies to...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Agrobiodiversity; Economic incentives; Resilience; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q18; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117623

Valuing Farmland Protection with Choice Experiments That Incorporate Preference Heterogeneity: Does Policy Guidance Depend On the Econometric Fine Print?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnston,   Robert J.; Bergstrom,   John C.
Although mixed logit models are common in stated preference applications, resulting welfare estimates can be sensitive to minor changes in specification. This can be of critical relevance for policy and welfare analysis, particularly if policymakers are unaware of practical implications. Drawing from an application to agricultural conservation in Georgia, this paper quantifies the sensitivity of welfare estimates to common variations in mixed logit specification and assesses practical implications for policy guidance.  Results suggest that practitioners may wish to reevaluate modeling and reporting procedures to reflect the welfare and policy implications of common but often unnoticed variations in model specification.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Willingness to Pay; Conservation Easement; PACE; Mixed Logit; Stated Preference; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q24; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61140

Conservation Auctions and Compliance: Theory and Evidence from Laboratory Experiments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kawasaki,   Kentaro; Fujie,   Takeshi; Koito,   Kentaro; Inoue,   Norikazu; Sasaki,   Hiroki.
Poster prepared for presentation at the Agricultural &amp; Applied Economics Association 2010 AAEA,CAES, &amp; WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado, July 25-27, 2010.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Auctions; Conservation contracting; Compliance; Environmental Economics and Policy; C91; D44; Q24.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61188

Aspekte des Gewässerschutzes und der Gewässernutzung beim Anbau von Energiepflanzen - Ergebnisse eines Forschungsvorhabens im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nitsch,   Heike; Osterburg,   Bernhard; Buttlar,   Christine von; Buttlar,   Hans-Bernhard von.
Zusammenfassung: Der vorliegende Arbeitsbericht entstand im Rahmen eines Forschungsvorhabens im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes und beleuchtet mit dem Thema „Gewässerschutz und Energiepflanzen“ einen Aspekt, der bisher nicht im Fokus der Diskussionen um den Energiepflanzenanbau stand. In dieser Studie wurden relevante Verwertungsketten für die energetische Nutzung von landwirtschaftlicher Biomasse in Deutschland anhand potenzieller Auswirkungen auf die Gewässer bewertet. Mögliche negative Wirkungen auf die Gewässer sind häufig auch aus Klimaschutzgründen relevant. Vorgestellt werden zudem Möglichkeiten des gewässerschonenden Anbaus. Die Analyse stützt sich auf die Auswertung von Literatur sowie schriftlicher und telefonischer Befragungen verschiedener...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Energiepflanzen; Gewässerschutz; Biogasanlagen; Landnutzung; Steuerungsinstrumente; Energy crops; Water protection; Biogas plants; Regulation instruments; Land use; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; K32; Q18; Q24; Q25; Q42.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103662

Sustainability of Corn Stover Harvest for Biomass
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sesmero,   Juan P.
Off-farm demand for crop residues is expected to grow as bioenergy policies become effective. Demand for residues will provide farmers with an additional source of revenue but it may also trigger losses in soil organic carbon and increases in fertilizer application. This study develops a dynamic economic model of stover harvest that permits conceptualization and quantification of these potential tradeoffs. We parameterize our model based on publicly available studies of soil biophysical relationships in the Corn Belt. Under these parameter values and 2010 corn and fertilizer prices harvesting stover is not economically convenient at prices below $53 per dry ton of stover. Results suggest that the rate of stover harvest may be quite sensitive and negatively...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Stover supply; Biomass; Soil productivity; Soil organic carbon; Nitrogen; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C61; Q12; Q24; Q42; Q53.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103765

Evidence on the Amenity Value of Wetlands in a Rural Setting
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bin,   Okmyung; Polasky,   Stephen.
This study uses a hedonic property price method to estimate how wetlands affect residential property values in a rural area. The study utilizes wetland inventory data coupled with extensive property sales records between January 2000 and September 2004 from Carteret County, NC. Our results indicate that i) a higher wetland percentage within a quarter mile of a property, ii) closer proximity to the nearest wetland, and iii) larger size of the nearest wetland are associated with lower residential property values. These results contrast with previous hedonic studies that use data from urban areas, which found positive associations between wetland and property values. The amenity value of wetlands appears to depend at least as much on the characteristics of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Hedonic prices; Housing market; Rural area; Wetlands; D12; Q24; Q26; R21.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42789

Land Preservation in British Columbia: An Empirical Analysis of the Factors Underlying Public Support and Willingness to Pay
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Androkovich,   Robert A.; Desjardins,   Ivan; Tarzwell,   Gordon; Tsogaris,   Peter.
This study extends previous empirical research on land preservation by considering an actual land preservation scheme, the agricultural land reserve in British Columbia, Canada. The reserve was established in 1973 to ensure that development did not occur on the province’s most productive agricultural land. ‘To ensure that local food production is maintained,’ ‘the economic importance of British Columbia’s agricultural sector,’ and ‘to protect the environment’ are the most important factors that underlie support for the reserve. Aggregate, provincewide willingness to pay to maintain the land reserve is substantial, with our most conservative estimate being Can$91.18 million per year.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Contingent; Land; Preservation; Valuation; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q24; Q28; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47273

Land Use Changes: Economic, Social, and Environmental Impacts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wu,   JunJie.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94681

GENERATING PLAUSIBLE CROP DISTRIBUTION MAPS FOR SUB-SAHARA AFRICA USING SPATIAL ALLOCATION MODEL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: You,   Liangzhi; Wood,   Stanley; Wood-Sichra,   Ulrike.
Spatial data, which are data that include the coordinates (either by latitude/longitude or by other addressing methods) on the surface of the earth, are essential for agricultural development. As fundamental parameters for agriculture policy research agricultural production statistics by geopolitical units such as country or sub-national entities have been used in many econometric analyses. However, collecting sub-national data is quite difficult in particular for developing countries. Even with great effort and only on regional scales, enormous data gaps exist and are unlikely to be filled. On the other hand, the spatial scale of even the subnational unit is relatively large for detailed spatial analysis. To fill these spatial data gaps we proposed a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sub-Sahara Africa; Cross entropy; Satellite image; Spatial allocation; Agricultural production; Crop suitability; Crop Production/Industries; C60; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19965

Estimating the Implicit Value of Crop Stubble as a Barrier to Technology Adoption in Morocco
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Magnan,   Nicholas; Larson,   Douglas M.
For mixed cereal-livestock farmers, cereal production provides a bundle of goods. Grain is consumed by the household or sold at market, and crop residues are used as livestock feed. The straw component of crop residue can be bought and sold at market and therefore has a well-established local market price. Crop stubble, the portion of the crop residue left on the ground, is generally not traded and therefore has no market price. Some agricultural technologies require farmers to forgo using crop stubble as feed, and cultivation of high value crops entails sacrificing residue production altogether. In this paper we apply a structural econometric model to household data from Morocco to estimate the implicit value of crop stubble. We use a sample splitting...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mixed cereal-livestock systems; Non-market valuation; Land use; Technology adoption; No-till; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; O33; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60858

What Explains the Incidence of the Use of a Common Sediment Control on Lots with Houses Under Construction?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Templeton,   Scott R.; Sessions,   William T.; Haselbach,   Liv M.; Campbell,   Wallace A.; Hayes,   John C.
To analyze compliance with one aspect of the regulation of stormwater discharge, we estimate a random-utility model of the probability that a builder uses a silt fence to control sediments on a lot with a house under construction in an urbanizing county of South Carolina. The probability increases if the builder is responsible to the subdivision’s developer or if a homeowners association exists. The probability also increases as the cost to install a silt fence decreases or the number of houses under construction per built house in a subdivision increases. The results can help county officials target inspection to improve compliance.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Compliance with regulation; Erosion and sediment control; Filter fabric; Management of stormwater runoff; Random-utility model; Silt fence; Storm water pollution prevention plan; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; Land Economics/Use; Q01; Q24; Q53; Q58.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57146

Opportunity Costs of Providing Crop Diversity in Organic and Conventional Farming: Would Targeted Environmental Policies Make Economic Sense?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sipilainen,   Timo; Huhtala,   Anni.
Targeted environmental policies for farmlands may improve the cost-efficiency of conservation programs if one can identify the farms that produce public goods, or environmental outputs, with the least cost. We derive shadow values of producing crop diversity on conventional and organic crop farms to examine their opportunity costs of conservation. Non-parametric distance functions are estimated by applying data envelopment analysis to a sample of Finnish crop farms for the period 1994 – 2002. Our results show that there is variation in the shadow values between farms and the technologies adopted. The extent of cost heterogeneity and farms’ potential for specialization in the production of environmental outputs determine whether voluntary programs such as...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Shannon index; DEA; Distance functions; Shadow values; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; C21; D24; H41; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114527

Whole-Farm Evaluation of No-Till Profitability in Rice Production using Mixed Integer Programming
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Watkins,   K. Bradley; Hill,   Jason L.; Anders,   Merle M.; Windham,   Tony E.
Rice production in Arkansas usually involves intensive tillage. No-till rice has been studied, but the focus has been limited to impacts on yields and per acre returns. This study uses mixed integer programming to model optimal machinery selection and evaluate whole-farm profitability of no-till management, for rice-soybean farms. Results indicate that lower machinery ownership expenses combined with lower fuel and labor expenses do enhance the profitability of no-till management, but the monetary gains appear to be modest, implying that other incentives may be necessary to entice producers to use the practice.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Conventional till; Economies of size; Machinery complements; Mixed integer programming; No-till; Rice; Soybean; Whole-farm net returns; Farm Management; Q12; Q15; Q16; Q24; Q25.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43792

Adoption of Soil Conservation Practices in Olive Groves: The Case of Spanish Mountainous Areas
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Calatrava-Leyva,   Javier; Franco,   Juan Agustin; Gonzalez-Roa,   Maria del Carmen.
This paper presents some results from a survey carried out in 2004 among 223 olive tree farmers from mountainous areas in the Spanish Southern provinces of Granada and Jaen regarding the adoption of soil conservation and management practices. Olive tree groves in mountainous areas are subject to a high risk of soil erosion and have to incur in higher costs of soil conservation. This results in greater difficulties to comply with cross-compliance and to benefit from agri-environmental schemes. Our main objectives are to analyse the current level of adoption of soil conservation practices and to analyse which socio-economic and institutional factors determine such adoption. Three Probit models are estimated. Dependant variables are three different soil...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Olive groves; Soil conservation; Technology adoption; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24661

Recent Trends in Agricultural Land Prices in South Africa: A Preliminary Investigation Using Cointegration Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Obi,   Ajuruchukwu; van Schalkwyk,   Herman D.
The main objective of this paper is to report preliminary findings on the recent trends in agricultural land prices in South Africa against the backdrop of growing concerns over their rising levels. Given the important role of land prices, the impact such increases would have on significant national development efforts, including the on-going land reform programme and other aspects of agricultural restructuring, provide strong justification for this investigation. The cointegration approach was employed within a framework that allowed for both long-run and short-run dynamics of the relationships to be identified. Building on previous structural modelling of farmland prices in the country, and using much expanded time series spanning forty-nine years, it...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; C22; E3; Q15; Q18; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25234

Forestry Sequestration of CO2 and Markets for Timber
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.; Sohngen,   Brent.
Forestry has been considered to have potential in reducing the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide by sequestrating carbon in above-ground timber and below-ground roots and soil. This potential has been noted in the Kyoto Protocol, which identified specific forestry activities for which carbon sequestration credits could be obtained. To date, a few forestry efforts have been undertaken for carbon purposes, but most of these efforts have been on a small scale. Proposals have been under discussion, however, that would result in the creation of very large areas of new forest for the purpose of offsetting some of the additional carbon that is being released into the atmosphere. Concerns are expressed, however, that large-scale sequestration operations...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Forests; Sequestration; Leakages; Timber markets; Prices; Models; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q15; Q21; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10778

Climate change and food security to 2030: a global economy-wide perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Valenzuela,   Ernesto; Anderson,   Kym.
The effects of climate change on agriculture raise major food security concerns. We use a global economy-wide model to assess the effects on farm product prices of expected yield changes. Also modelled is an expected adverse effect of higher temperatures and humidity in the tropics on the productivity of unskilled workers in developing countries. Given the degrees of uncertainty about plausible effects of climate change, our modelling accounts for a range of yield productivity and labor shocks. The results entail consequences for international agricultural prices, national food consumption, self sufficiency, net farm income and economic welfare.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Crop and labor productivity growth; Global economy-wide model projections; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; D58; F17; Q17; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117616

Estimating the Cost of Preserving Private Lands in Florida: An Hedonic Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Larkin,   Sherry L.; Alavalapati,   Janaki R.R.; Shrestha,   Ram K.
Florida’s open-space land-acquisition program is one of the most aggressive in the country, with $3.7 billion paid for 3.8 million acres since 1972.  Using data from the Conservation and Recreational Lands (CARL) program, hedonic analyses found that acquiring private lands with valuable natural resources, habitat for rare species, and important historical sites for public preservation is more costly.  Development potential and pressure also increased acquisition costs.  The presence of additional endangered natural elements and needing to contract with additional landowners, however, were found to decrease the cost.  Results provide a basis for landowners and land-acquisition agencies to negotiate.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Development pressure; Florida Forever; Hedonic prices; Implicit land values; Land conversion; Preservation 2000; Land Economics/Use; Q24.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43730

Economics and Biodiversity in Intensively Managed Agro-Ecosystems
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Russell,   Noel P.; Pascual,   Unai; Omer,   Amani A.
This paper explores the dynamic effects of biodiversity conservation on agricultural production in the context of specialised intensive farming systems. The focus is on the analysis of the dynamic effects of changes in the levels of agrobiodiversity, on technical change and productivity in intensive agricultural systems. A theoretical model is used to derive hypotheses regarding these linkages that are empirically tested using a stochastic production frontier model with data from a panel of UK cereal farms for the period 1989-2000. The results suggest that the increased agrobiodiversity has positively helped to shift the production frontier outwards. This indicates that the evolution of an intensive agricultural system to less intensive use of inputs can...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agrobiodiversity; Intensive Agriculture; Productivity; Technical change; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; Q16; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25663

Estimating Carbon Supply Curves for Global Forests and Other Land Uses
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.; Sohngen,   Brent; Mendelsohn,   Robert.
This study develops cumulative carbon 'supply curves' for global forests utilizing an dynamic timber supply model for sequestration of forest carbon. Because the period of concern is the next century, and particular time points within that century, the curves are not traditional Marshallian supply curves or steady-state supply curves. Rather, the focus is on cumulative carbon cost curves (quasi-supply curves) at various points in time over the next 100 years. The research estimates a number of long-term, cumulative, carbon quasi-supply curves under different price scenarios and for different time periods. The curves trace out the relationship between an intertemporal price path for carbon, as given by carbon shadow prices, and the cumulative carbon...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon supply curves; Sequestration; Timber; Forests; Model; Global warming; Prices; Markets; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q15; Q21; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10663

Adoption of Conservation-Tillage Methods and Genetically Modified Cotton
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roberts,   Roland K.; English,   Burton C.; Gao,   Qi; Larson,   James A.
Adoption of herbicide-tolerant cotton and conservation tillage may be simultaneously related.  Bayes' theorem and a two-equation logit model were used to test the simultaneity hypothesis.  Evidence for Tennessee suggests that adoption of these technologies reduced residual herbicide use and soil erosion more than if adoption of these technologies were independent.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bayes' theorem; Conservation tillage; Cotton; Genetically modified crops; Herbicide tolerant crops; Simultaneous logit model; Technology adoption; Crop Production/Industries; Q12; Q16; Q24; O33.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35293

Optimal long-term stocking rates for livestock grazing in a Sahelian rangeland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hein,   Lars; Weikard,   Hans-Peter.
Economic modelling of semi-arid rangelands has received much attention in recent literature. A major outstanding issue is how stochastic rainfall and the feedback effect of heavy grazing pressures on vegetation productivity can be accounted for in these models. This paper presents a model for calculating the optimal livestock stocking rate in a semi-arid rangeland that accounts for stochastic rainfall, the ecological feedback effect and variable prices. The model is developed for rangelands dominated by annual rather than perennial grasses, such as the African Sahel. The feedback effect is modeled on the basis of an ecological study, conducted in northern Senegal, that analyzes the impact of different grazing pressures on vegetation productivity. The paper...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Semi-arid rangelands; Optimal stocking rate; Modeling rangeland ecology; Sahel; Livestock Production/Industries; Q24; D24.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56959

Economic Impacts of Yellow Starthistle on California Ranchers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Eagle,   Alison J.; Eiswerth,   Mark E.; Johnson,   Wayne S.; Schoenig,   Steve E.; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
While the significant ecosystem damage caused by invasive weeds has been well documented, the economic impacts of specific invasive weed species are poorly understood. Yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis L., hereafter YST) is the most widespread non-crop weed in California, resulting in serious damage to forage on natural range and improved pasture. A survey was administered to California cattle ranchers to investigate YST infestation rates, loss of forage quantity and value, and control or eradication efforts. The results were used to estimate county-wide economic losses for three focus counties, as well as state-wide economic losses, due to YST in California. Total losses of livestock forage value due to YST on private land for the state of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Nonnative species; Invasive weeds; Yellow starthistle; Ranching profitability; Forage; Livestock; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Q24; Q57.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37028

Towards a certification of biomass: Feasibility of a certifications scheme of sustainability standards for trade and production of bioethanol in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delzeit,   Ruth; Bohle,   Hans-Georg; Holm-Muller,   Karin.
Bioenergy produced from biomass is increasingly used to substitute fossil energy sources. Trade of biomass is expected to increase in the following years due to disparities in production costs and potentials in countries and regions. In this paper the possibility of a certification scheme for minimizing negative socio-ecological impacts and for increasing a sustainable production of biomass is discussed, taking Brazilian bioethanol as an example. This case-study comes up with a first set of feasible sustainability standards for Brazilian bioethanol and discusses issues to be considered when developing sustainability standards. At the same time problematic aspects are identified. When incorporating opinions of different stakeholders, the setting of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Certification; Sustainability standards; Bioethanol; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F18; Q24.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57032

Land Conversion, Interspecific Competition, and Bioinvasion in a Tropical Ecosystem
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barbier,   Edward B.
This paper investigates the relationships among land-use change, biological invasion, and interspecific competition in a tropical ecosystem by linking a behavioral model of land conversion by agriculture and an ecological model of interspecific competition between a native species and an exotic invader.  The model is used to examine how relative farm prices and access to forest areas influence land clearing and thus the ability of the invasive species to eliminate the native species.  Simulations show that only a 20% rise in relative prices and a 2.75% increase in forest access are necessary for this outcome to occur.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biological invasion; Interspecific competition; Land clearing; Tropical ecosystem; Tropical forest; O13; Q20; Q24.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37275

Environmental Opportunities and Challenges of Genetically-Engineered Crops
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wolfenbarger,   L. LaReesa; Owen,   Micheal D.K.; Carriere,   Yves.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Q16; Q18; Q24; Q25.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94846

Adopción y difusión de prácticas de no laboreo en el olivar de la provincia de Granada
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Franco,   Juan Agustin; Calatrava-Leyva,   Javier.
En este trabajo se analiza el proceso de adopción del no laboreo en el olivar de la provincia de Granada utilizando información procedente de un sondeo realizado en 2005-2006 a 215 olivicultores. Se analiza en primer lugar el proceso de difusión agregada de las prácticas de no laboreo realizadas en la zona mediante la estimación de varios modelos de difusión temporal. A continuación se identifican, mediante la estimación de dos modelos probit, algunos factores que influyen en la adopción de dichas prácticas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran cómo las prácticas de no laboreo son realizadas por el 90% de los agricultores. Su difusión ha sido intensa desde mediados de los noventa, predominando el efecto imitación, basado en la interacción entre los...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Erosión; No laboreo; Olivar; Adopción de tecnologías; Difusión de tecnologías.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q24; C50.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99605

Economic and Groundwater Use Implications of Climate Change and Bioenergy Feedstock Production in the Ogallala Aquifer Region
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wang,   Weiwei; Park,   Seong Cheol; McCarl,   Bruce A.; Amosson,   Stephen H.
The sustainable water use especially for irrigated agriculture in the Texas Panhandle Region is a major concern.  A semi-arid climate and average low rainfalls results in little surface water being available year-round. The Ogallala Aquifer is the primary source of irrigation water in this region. The intensive irrigated agricultural production and growing livestock industry have led to substantial decline of water tables. Furthermore, climate change and growing bioenergy feedstock productions exacerbates the water shortage and quality problems. Given the critical dependence of the regional economy on Ogallala Aquifer, underground water use is an intergenerational issue that must be evaluated in terms of the sustainability of agricultural activities in the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Groundwater; Land Use Change; Climate Change; Bioenergy feedstock; Dynamic Optimization Model; Deficit Irrigation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q25; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103642

The Brownfields Phenomenon: Much Ado about Something or the Timing of the Shrewd?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wernstedt,   Kris; Heberle,   Lauren; Alberini,   Anna; Meyer,   Peter.
This paper provides an overview of the cleanup and redevelopment of contaminated properties known as "brownfields." It has three principal parts. First, we introduce the brownfields phenomenon and its drivers, drawing on the body of available empirical evidence to discuss characteristics of individual brownfield redevelopment projects. Second, we present findings from a recent study we have conducted that examines the relative attractiveness to private developers of public interventions to promote brownfields redevelopment. Third, we briefly summarize some of the problems with brownfields development and policy and propose an approach to promote wider societal benefits of brownfields development. We conclude with several broad questions about brownfields...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Brownfields; Contamination; Economic development; Infill; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10660

Land Use and Remedy Selection: Experience from the Field - The Fort Ord Site
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wernstedt,   Kris; Hersh,   Robert.
In September of 1994, the Army closed the Fort Ord Military Reservation, a Superfund site of some 28,000 acres located in Monterey County, California. Under the Base Closure and Realignment Act, nearly all of this land will be transferred to federal and state entities and to a number of cities of the Monterey peninsula that border the base. A good deal of this property is valuable real estate -- coastal dunes, golf courses, and barracks that can be converted to apartments or dormitories. For the beneficiaries of these property transfers the Fort Ord cleanup is a modern day gold rush that is taking place as part of a Superfund cleanup. What effect have economic development pressures had on the cleanup process and on decisions about cleanup standards? This...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Superfund; Land use; Economic development; Land Economics/Use; Q24; Q28; R52.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10847

WILL SOUTHERN AGRICULTURE PLAY A ROLE IN A CARBON MARKET?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeuli,   Kimberly A.; Skees,   Jerry R.
While a carbon market offers substantial opportunities for US agriculture, regional differences in such a market are often ignored. This paper focuses on the advantages and challenges for agriculture in the South. The potential of two promising options are analyzed: conversion from cropland to forests and greater use of conversation tillage. It is argued that the right institutional arrangements can overcome three fundamental challenges to an efficient carbon market: transaction costs, risk, and perverse incentives. Some examples are given, such as the use of a farmer-owned organization and the provision of land use and carbon information by the government.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Carbon emission reduction; Tradable permits; Afforestation; Conservation tillage; Government policy; Regional economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q23; Q24; Q28; R00.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15492

Evaluation of the Conservation Reserve Program: Disaggregate slippage
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Uchida,   Shinsuke.
Among multiple slippage effects potentially generated in voluntary land retirement programs, this study attempts to identify one unique source of slippage. Specifically, I examine slippage caused by within-a-farm land conversion from uncultivated land to cropland. With the U.S. Agricultural Census farm-level longitudinal data on land use and enrollment in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), I find that an average partial-farm CRP participant converts 25% of noncropland to cropping activities as a consequence of CRP enrollment. Also, an estimated slippage rate varies across farm types and regions. In particular, farms with relatively inelastic crop acreage supply lead to more slippage. Knowledge about the mechanisms through which slippage occurs should...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Conservation Reserve Program; Land use; Land conservation; Slippage.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q18; Q24; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103612

The Influence of Asset and Access Poverty on Crop Production and Land Degradation in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkonya,   Ephraim M.; Pender,   John L.; Kaizzi,   Crammer.
This study investigated the linkages between poverty, agricultural productivity and land degradation in Uganda. Results show that farmers in the study region of Uganda deplete about 1.2% of the nutrient stock stored in the topsoil per year, leading to a predicted 0.2% annual reduction in crop productivity. Replacing the depleted nutrients using the cheapest inorganic fertilizers would cost about 20% of farm income on average. Land investments such as soil and water conservation structures and agroforestry trees were found to increase agricultural productivity and reduce land degradation. We observed an inverse farm size – crop productivity relationship. Larger families are more productive but use more erosive practices in crop production. Participation in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25781

Projecting Supply and Demand for Land in the Long Run
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Golub,   Alla A.; Hertel,   Thomas W.; Sohngen,   Brent.
The goal of this work is to investigate land-use change at the global scale over the long run – particularly in the context of analyzing the fundamental drivers behind land-use related GHG emissions. For this purpose, we identify the most important drivers of supply and demand for land. On the demand side, we begin with a dynamic general equilibrium (GE) model that predicts economic growth in each region of the world, based on exogenous projections of population, skilled and unskilled labor and technical change. Economy-wide growth is, in turn, translated into consumer demand for specific products using an econometrically estimated, international cross-section, demand system that permits us to predict the pattern of future consumer demands across the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land use; Climate change policy; Baseline; General equilibrium; Agro-ecological zones; C68; R14; Q24; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9910

Can Carbon Sinks Be Operational? RFF Workshop Proceedings
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.; Toman,   Michael.
An RFF Workshop brought together experts from around the world to assess the feasibility of using biological sinks to sequester carbon as part of a global atmospheric mitigation effort. The chapters of this proceeding are a result of that effort. Although the intent of the workshop was not to generate a consensus, a number of studies suggest that sinks could be a relatively inexpensive and effective carbon management tool. The chapters cover a variety of aspects and topics related to the monitoring and measurement of carbon in biological systems. They tend to support the view the carbon sequestration using biological systems is technically feasible with relatively good precision and at relatively low cost. Thus carbon sinks can be operational.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Sinks; Global warming; Sequestration; Forests; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q10; Q15; Q21; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10480

Forest Conservation and Slippage: Evidence from Mexico's National Payments for Ecosystem Services Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alix-Garcia,   Jennifer Marie; Shapiro,   Elizabeth N.; Sims,   Katharine R.E.
Incentive-based programs to reduce deforestation are expected to play an increasingly important role in global efforts to protect ecosystems and sequester carbon but their environmental effectiveness is not clear. We investigate program effectiveness and slippage in the context of Mexico's national payments for hydrological services program, which pays private and communal landowners to maintain forest cover on enrolled lands. To measure program impacts, we use matched controls drawn from the program applicant pool to establish counterfactual deforestation rates in the absence of payments. We find statistically significant but small to moderate avoided deforestation impacts. To examine slippage of deforestation to nonenrolled lands, we develop a model of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Payments for environmental services; Payments for ecosystem services; Program evaluation; Slippage; Leakage; Incentive-based mechanisms; Mexico; Land use; Deforestation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q12; Q24; Q57; R14; O13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93045

Understanding Citizen Complaints Regarding Michigan Agricultural Operations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hadrich,   Joleen C.; Wolf,   Christopher A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Citizen complaints; Environmental compliance; Livestock farms; Manure management; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Q24; Q53; Q58.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49274

An Econometric Analysis of the Environmental Benefits Provided by the Conservation Reserve Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Ronald A.
Over $1.7 billion has been spent on the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) since 1985.  The purpose of this study is to show that these expenditures have aided the environment.  Rather than quantify changes in environmental variables, a spatial econometric model is used to test if CRP enrollments are greater in counties with poorer environmental quality.  In seven of nine regions, CRP enrollments are higher in counties with an environmental concern.  This positive finding justifies past expenditures by the CRP and supports continued funding as an environmental program.  The CRP is targeting current environmental concerns that will lead to future improvement.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Conservation Reserve Program; Econometrics; Environmental quality; Soil erosion; Spatial data; Water quality; Wildlife habitat; Q28; Q58; C31; Q24; Q25.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43388

Simultaneous Adoption of Herbicide-Resistance and Conservation-Tillage Cotton Technologies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roberts,   Roland K.; English,   Burton C.; Gao,   Qi; Larson,   James A.
If adoption of herbicide-resistant seed and adoption of conservation-tillage practices are determined simultaneously, adoption of herbicide-resistance seed could indirectly reduce soil erosion and adoption of conservation-tillage practices could indirectly reduce residual herbicide use and increase farm profits. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between these two technologies for Tennessee cotton production. Evidence from Bayes' theorem and a two-equation logit model suggested a simultaneous relationship. Mean elasticities for acres in herbicide-resistance seed with respect to the probability of adopting conservation-tillage practices and acres in conservation-tillage practices with respect to the probability of adopting herbicide-resistance...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Bayes' theorem; Conservation tillage; Cotton; Genetically modified crops; Herbicide-resistant crops; Simultaneous logit model; Technology adoption; Farm Management; Q12; Q16; Q24; 33.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43789

Analyzing the Economic Impact of Climate Change on Global Timber Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sohngen,   Brent; Sedjo,   Roger A.; Mendelsohn,   Robert; Lyon,   Kenneth S.
In this paper, we show how ecological and economic models can be linked to determine the economic impact of climate change on global timber markets. We begin by discussing some of the important issues relevant to global impact analyses such as this. We then outline our general modeling framework and discuss the particular models that will be used. Finally, we discuss some of the important issues involved with linking the two types of models.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Economic model; Timber; Timber market; Dynamic; Optimal control; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q10; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10462

The Economic Value of Wetland Conservation and Creation: A Meta-Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ghermandi,   Andrea; van den Bergh,   Jeroen C.J.M.; Brander,   Luke M.; de Groot,   Henri L.F.; Nunes,   Paulo A.L.D.
The rationale for conservation and creation of wetlands stems from the recognition of both their ecological and economic values. This paper examines the welfare impacts of goods and services provided by wetlands. We collected 385 estimates of the economic value of 181 natural and man-made wetlands from 167 studies worldwide. The resulting database is less biased towards North America than previous reviews of the literature. The relative importance of characteristics of the valuation study, of the wetland site, and of the socio-economic and geographical context is estimated by means of a meta-regression analysis of wetland values. Provision of amenities, flood control and storm buffering, and water quality improvement are the most highly valued wetland...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Constructed Ecosystems; Economic Valuation; Man-Made Wetlands; Meta-Regression; Wetland Values; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C81; Q24.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44229

The Rule of The Jungle in Pakistan: A Case Study on Corruption and Forest Management in Swat
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pellegrini,   Lorenzo.
Corruption in the forest sector of Swat, Pakistan is impairing the sustainable management of forest. We analyze corruption in a case study setting against the backdrop of the reform options that are most often cited as possible solutions. As we highlight in this study, the ‘crime and punishment’ approach is not feasibly implemented if the overall institutional environment is weak. Since countrywide overhaul of corruption through sweeping reform programs, the other reform approach, is a difficult and lengthy task, there is a need for an alternative kind of reform. In the case of a corruption-ridden centralised forest management regime, institutional reform should move away from enforcement of existing institutions and promote communal management of natural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Forest management; Environmental policy; Institutional reform; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D73; Q24; Q57.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7439

Does Targeting a Designated Area Crowd out the other Preservation Programs’ Efforts?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Xiangping; Lynch,   Lori.
Maryland has introduced a number of land preservation programs over the past 40 years to permanently preserve resource lands. Although new programs can increase the number of acres being preserved, they might have unintended impact on land preservation due to interaction with existing land preservation programs.  The Maryland Rural Legacy program began in 1997 by designating large contiguous blocks of land and focusing its preservation efforts only in those areas. The program’s could attract existing programs to shift their preservation effort into this designated rural legacy areas if there exist economy of scale or they subsidized existing programs’ effort through matching funds. Alternatively, it could crowd out the others’ preservation efforts in these...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crowding effects; Designated preservation areas; Land preservation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q18; Q24; Q28; Q58.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49339

Implementation of EU Agri-Environmental Measures at the Regional Level: Economic and Political Constraints
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bertoni,   Danilo; Peri,   Massimo; Olper,   Alessandro.
In this paper we apply a political objective function approach developed by Salhofer and Glebe (2004) to explain the high variability of agri-environmental program implementation at the EU regional level. The analysis covers 55 EU regions during the period 2001-2002, using basic data extracted from the Common Monitoring Indicators collected by the UE Commission for the programme's evaluation process. The main results indicate that the area covered by agri-environmental programs increases in regions where budget constraints are less severe and where the social demand for environmental amenities is more relevant. Moreover, agri-environmental programs are negatively related to the participation opportunity cost and show a non linear relation with the farmer's...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agri-environmental measures; CAP; Regional and agricultural policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q18; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24777

Análisis econométrico de la heterogeneidad de las preferencias de los individuos: aplicación a la valoración económica de la conservación del paisaje agrícola de montaña
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Colombo,   Sergio; Hanley,   Nick.
The need to account for respondents’ preference heterogeneity in stated choice models has motivated researchers to apply random parameter logit and latent class models. In this paper we compare these three alternative ways of incorporating preference heterogeneity in stated choice models and evaluate how the choice of model affects welfare estimates in a given empirical application. Finally, we discuss what criteria to follow to decide which approach is most appropriate.  RESUMEN: La necesidad de incorporar la heterogeneidad en las preferencias de los individuos en los modelos de elección discreta ha llevado a los investigadores a emplear siempre más frecuentemente modelos de parámetros aleatorios o de clases latentes. En este artículo se comparan tres...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Heterogeneity; Heterogeneidad; Modelos de clases latentes; Modelos de heterogeneidad de la varianza; Modelos de parámetros aleatorios; Paisaje de montaña; Latent class models; Covariance heterogeneity models; Random parameter models; Uphill landscape; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C52; Q24.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37191

Environmental Amenities and Optimal Agricultural Land Use: The Case of Israel
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kan,   Iddo; Haim,   David; Rapaport-Rom,   Mickey; Shechter,   Mordechai.
This paper evaluates the effectiveness of changing land allocation among crops as a mechanism for increasing social welfare, where production profits and amenity benefits are augmented. A positive mathematical programming model is calibrated and applied to the northern part of Israel, using a crop-discriminating amenity-benefits function. Changes in land allocation increase social welfare by 2.4% nationwide, and by up to 15% on the regional level. Regional scale farming-profit losses amount to up to 6%. Due to the decreasing-return-to-scale nature of the amenity-benefits function, the inter-regional variability appears sensitive to the manner in which the country is divided into regions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural land use; Environmental amenities; Optimizing social welfare; Q10; Q24; Q50.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42832

Brownfields Redevelopment in Wisconsin: Program, Citywide, and Site-Level Studies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wernstedt,   Kris; Hersh,   Robert.
In this paper, the second installment of our three-part study on the development of brownfields policy in the state of Wisconsin, we use case studies to explore the implementation of the policy at three scales: 1) two statewide initiatives, the Voluntary Party Liability Exemption process and the Sustainable Urban Development Zone program; 2) the efforts of two Wisconsin cities, West Allis and Wausau, to promote brownfields redevelopment across their neighborhoods; and 3) project-specific uses of institutional, regulatory, and financial innovations to encourage the revitalization of specific areas. Throughout the paper, we focus on the role of economic incentives, regulatory flexibility, regulatory structure, and the behavioral culture of brownfields...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Brownfields; Contamination; Hazardous waste; Regulatory reform; Wisconsin; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10547

Forecasting Irrigation Water Demand: A Case Study on the Flint River Basin in Georgia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Banerjee,   Swagata (Ban); Tareen,   Irfan Y.; Gunter,   Lewell F.; Bramblett,   Jimmy; Wetzstein,   Michael E.
Southeast drought conditions have accentuated the demand for irrigation in the face of restricted water supply.  For allocating this supply, Georgia held an auction for withdrawing irrigated acreage.  This auction withdrew 33,000 acres from irrigation, resulting in a physical estimate of a 399 acre-feet daily increase in water flow.  The actual reduction is driven by crop distributional changes on the basis of economic substitution and expansion effects.  In contrast to the physical estimates, an econometric model that considers these effects is developed.  The differences between the physical and econometric models result in an increase in the estimate of water savings of around 19% to 24%.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Acreage response; Crop distribution; Irrigated acreage; Irrigation; Slippage; Water demand; Water saving; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37053

Optimal Dynamic Management of Agricultural Land-Uses: An Application of Regime Switching
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Doole,   Graeme J.; Hertzler,   Greg.
The capacity of global agricultural production to meet increased demand for food from population growth and wealth accumulation is threatened by extensive land degradation. Nonetheless, previous research has focused primarily on the dynamic implications of input management and ignored land-use choice. This paper extends this theory through an examination of the intertemporal management of agricultural land through the use of non-crop inputs, such as fertilizer, and land uses that either degrade or restore productivity. The need to consider the relative total asset value of alternative crops over time is demonstrated. Moreover, higher output prices for degrading crops are shown to increase their relative value, motivating the later adoption of substitutes....
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crop sequences; Land degradation; Regime switching; International Development; Production Economics; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100643

Effect of Ranchland Attributes on Recreational Hunting in Florida: A Hedonic Price Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shrestha,   Ram K.; Alavalapati,   Janaki R.R.
Recreational hunting has been an attractive enterprise for some ranchers who are interested in supplementing their income from cattle.  Ranchland attributes-such as parcel size, tree cover, and proximity to urban centers-are expected to influence hunters’ preferences and, thus, hunting lease payments.  We estimated the effects of these attributes on hunting revenues using a hedonic model.  The results reveal that trees and vegetation cover on ranchlands have a positive impact on hunting revenues, indicating opportunities for silvopasture practices.  Those ranchers in Florida who maintain about 22% trees and other vegetation cover receive $16.15 acre per year from hunting leases, but doubling the cover would generate only an additional $3.20 per acre per...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Hedonic model; Hunting lease; Land attributes; Silvopasture; Q23; Q24; Q26; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43475

Estimating Effects of an Urban Growth Boundary on Land Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cho,   Seong-Hoon; Chen,   Zhuo; Yen,   Steven T.; Eastwood,   David B.
This study estimates the effects of an urban growth boundary (UGB) on land development decisions in Knox County, TN, using a heteroscedastic probit model.  With combined efforts of increased land development within the city boundary and decreased development within the UGB and the neighboring town of Farragut after the implementation of UGB, the UGB of Knox County has been successful in urban revitalization within the city boundary and discouraging urban sprawl.  These UGB impacts may be related to the city government having the right to annex land parcels within the UGB without consent of land owners.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Heteroscedastic probit; Land development; Urban growth boundary; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; C35; Q24; R52.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43761

Shade-Grown Coffee: Simulation and Policy Analysis for Coastal Oaxaca, Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Batz,   Michael B.; Albers,   Heidi J.; Avalos-Sartorio,   Beatriz; Blackman,   Allen.
Shade-grown coffee provides a livelihood to many farmers, protects biodiversity, and creates environmental services. Many shade-coffee farmers have abandoned production in recent years, however, in response to declines in international coffee prices. This paper builds a farmer decision model under price uncertainty and uses simulation analysis of that model to examine the likely impact of various policies on abandonment of shade-coffee plantations. Using information from coastal Oaxaca, Mexico, this paper examines the role of various constraints in abandonment decisions, reveals the importance of the timing of policies, and characterizes the current situation in the study region.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Coffee farming; Decision analysis; Numerical modeling; Monte Carlo; Price variability; Crop Production/Industries; O13; Q17; Q12; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10511

Does Information Matter? Assessing the Role of Information and Prices in the Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Decision
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Williamson,   James M.
This article investigates the impact of agronomic, environmental, and price information on the management decision of nitrogen fertilizer. Because excessive nitrogen originating from agricultural production activities can cause environmental degradation, understanding how information influences the nutrient application decision on the field is important for developing strategies for nitrogen load mitigation. I investigate the value farmers place on information about N management they receive from several sources.  In particular, I evaluate how farmers use information from soil N-tests to make decisions about the rate of N to apply to the field. My results show that soil N-testing can be an effective management practices for reducing excess N applications....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nitrogen Fertilizer Application; Soil N-testing; Agronomic Information; Best Management Practices; Nonpoint Source Pollution; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60892

World Food Needs and the Optimal Allocations of Lands
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hubert,   Marie-Helene; Moreaux,   Michel.
In order to assess the future world food demand/supply balance for the next century, in relation to the land uses, we develop a model in which the society has to supply two types of food demand, namely, processed crop products and meat and dairy products. From the supply side, the society can resort to different classes of land. Each class of land can be allocated wholly or partially either to crop cultivation or to pasture or last to be lain fallow. Primary crop production can be transformed either into processed crop products to satisfy final needs, or into intermediate livestock products used as inputs within the intensive industrial farming system. The livestock products can also be obtained from the extensive grazing system. The increase in world...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Aggregate supply and demand analysis; Food prices; Land-rent; Land-use; Land Economics/Use; Q11; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24627

The Roles of Labor and Profitability in Choosing a Grazing Strategy for Beef Production in the U.S. Gulf Coast Region
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Wyatt,   Wayne; Venuto,   Brad; Blouin,   David; Boucher,   Robert W.
Comparisons are made concerning labor required and profitability associated with continuous grazing at three stocking rates and rotational grazing at a high stocking rate in the U.S. Gulf Coast region. A unique data set was collected using a time and motion study method to determine labor requirements. Profits are lowest for low stocking rate– continuous grazing and high stocking rate–rotational grazing. Total labor and labor in three specific categories are greater on per acre and/or per cow bases with rotational-grazing than with continuous-grazing strategies. These results help to explain relatively low adoption rates of rotational grazing in the region.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Labor requirements; Rotational grazing; Stocking rate; Time and motion study; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Industrial Organization; Labor and Human Capital; Livestock Production/Industries; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45527

Adoption of Soil Erosion Control Practices in Southern Spain Olive Groves
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Franco,   Juan Agustin; Calatrava-Leyva,   Javier.
This paper presents results from a survey carried out in 2005 among 147 olive tree farmers from the Alto Genil River Basin in Southern Spain regarding the adoption of soil conservation and management practices. Olive tree groves in South-eastern Spain's mountainous areas are subject to a high risk of soil erosion and have to incur in high costs of soil conservation. This results in great difficulties to comply with cross-compliance and to benefit from agri-environmental schemes. Our main objectives are to analyse the current level of adoption of soil conservation practices and to analyse which socio-economic and institutional factors determine such adoption. Three Probit models are estimated. Dependant variables are three different soil conservation...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Olive groves; Soil erosion; Soil conservation; Cross compliance; Crop Production/Industries; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25787