Consulta: subjectFacets:"Q51"
Registros recuperados: 154
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 04:10:21

The Environmental Kuznets Curve: Tipping Points, Uncertainty and Weak Identification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bernard,   Jean-Thomas; Gavin,   Michael; Khalaf,   Lynda; Voia,   Marcel.
We consider an empirical estimation of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) for carbon dioxide and sulphur, with a focus on confidence set estimation of the tipping point. Various econometric – parametric and nonparametric – methods are considered, reflecting the implications of persistence, endogeneity, the necessity of breaking down our panel regionally, and the small number of countries within each panel. In particular, we propose an inference method that corrects for potential weak-identification of the tipping point. Weak identification may occur if the true EKC is linear while a quadratic income term is nevertheless imposed into the estimated equation. Relevant literature to date confirms that non-linearity of the EKC is indeed not granted, which...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Kuznets Curve; Fieller method; Delta method; CO2 and SO2 emissions; Confidence set; Tipping point; Climate policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; C52; Q51; Q52; Q56.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119109

Consumer Surplus Estimates and the Source of Regression Error
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beatty,   Timothy K.M.; Brozovic,   Nicholas; Ward,   Michael B.
Contrary to widely held belief, we show that the source of regression error does not matter when calculating Marshallian surplus. A misspecified demand curve, not the assumed source of regression error, leads to differences in estimates of consumer surplus.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Regression Error; Marshallian Surplus; Welfare Analysis; Consumer/Household Economics; D60; C24; Q51.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19477

Multiplicadores domésticos “SAMEA” en un modelo multisectorial económico y ambiental de España
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morilla,   Carmen R.; Cardenete,   Manuel Alejandro; Llanes,   Gaspar.
En este trabajo se realiza una aplicación de los denominados sistemas híbridos, donde se integra información de distinta naturaleza (en este caso, económica, social y medioambiental Para ello se elabora una matriz de contabilidad social y medioambiental (SAMEA) de España para el año 2000, aplicada al recurso agua y las emisiones de gases efecto invernadero, estimada a partir de datos oficiales del INE. Este sistema se utiliza como pieza central de un modelo multisectorial del funcionamiento económico y medioambiental y se calculan los “multiplicadores domésticos SAMEA”. Estos multiplicadores muestran los efectos de las diferentes actividades en la producción total de la economía y en el deterioro medioambiental.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Modelos Input-Output; Evaluación de efectos medioambientales; Emisiones contaminantes; Cuentas ambientales; Agricultural and Food Policy; C68; Q51; Q52; Q56.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57283

Combining Supply and Demand Estimates for Ecosystem Services from Cropland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ma,   Shan; Swinton,   Scott M.; Lupi,   Frank.
Payment-for-Ecosystem-Services (PES) programs are gaining appeal as flexible approaches to inducing the voluntary provision of ecosystem services (ES). Farmers, who manage agricultural ecosystems, provide important nonmarket ecosystem services to the public by their choice of production inputs and management practices. Although there exist various PES programs in the United States and Europe, we are aware of none that was designed based on a comprehensive understanding of the underlying supply and demand of ecosystem services. Taking advantage of unique, coupled datasets of stated preferences, this paper combines a supply-side cost function of farmers’ willingness to adopt practices that provide increased ES with a demand-side social benefit function of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Payment-for-Ecosystem-Services (PES); Contingent valuation; Aggregate supply and demand; Cropland; Eutrophication; Greenhouse gas; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q11; Q51; Q57; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103501

Publication Effects in the Recreation Use Values Literature
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosenberger,   Randall S.; Stanley,   Tom.
This paper provides an overview of an extensive recreation use values database that was developed to investigate the presence of and effects of publication selection bias in this literature.  The recreation use values literature has a long history of value transfer applications, which may be affected by publication selection bias.  The database consists of 325 studies providing 2,594 estimates of value for over 26 recreation activities for the US and Canada.  Preliminary analyses show that document type (journal, agency report, consulting report, dissertation, etc.) result in statistically different mean values.  Similarly, motivations or the primary contribution of documents show that documents introducing efficiency in design or estimator provided...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nonmarket Valuation; Publication Selection Bias; Recreation Use Values; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q26; Q51; C80.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9883

Incorporating Local Water Quality in Welfare Measures of Agri-environmental Policy: A Choice Modelling Approach Employing GIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tait,   Peter R.; Baskaran,   Ramesh.
The spatial distribution of agro-environmental policy benefits has important implications for the efficient allocation of management effort. The practical convenience of relying on sample mean values of individual benefits for aggregation can come at the cost of biased aggregate estimates. The main objective of this paper is to test spatial hypotheses regarding respondents’ local water quality and quantity, and their willingness-to-pay for improvements in water quality attributes. This paper combines choice experiment and spatially related water quality data via a Geographical Information System (GIS) to develop a method that evaluates the influence of respondents’ local water quality on willingness-to-pay for river and stream conservation programs in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water Quality; Choice Experiment; Geographical Information System; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q51; Q25; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116074

Context and the VSL: Evidence from a Stated Preference Study in Italy and the Czech Republic
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alberini,   Anna; Scasny,   Milan.
We report on the results of a survey based on conjoint choice experiments that was specifically designed to investigate the effect of context on the Value of a Statistical Life (VSL), an important input into the calculation of the mortality benefits of environmental policies that reduce premature mortality. We define “context” broadly to include i) the cause of death (respiratory illness, cancer, road traffic accident), ii) the beneficiary of the risk reduction (adult v. child), and iii) the mode of provision of the risk reduction (public program v. private good). The survey was conducted following similar protocols in Italy and the Czech Republic. When do not distinguish for the cause of death, child and adult VSL are not significantly different from one...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: VSL; Conjoint Choice Experiments; Mortality Risk Reductions; Cost-benefit Analysis; Forced Choice Questions; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; I18; J17; K32; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90952

Differential Influence of Relative Poverty on Preferences for Ecosystem Services: Evidence from Rural Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Glenk,   Klaus; Barkmann,   Jan; Schwarze,   Stefan; Zeller,   Manfred; Marggraf,   Rainer.
Ecosystem services generate benefits that enter human consumption either directly or indirectly via their contribution to human production activities. In this contribution, we provide evidence that (i) the demand of peasants for ecosystem services in rural Indonesia depends on relative poverty; and that (ii) the type of reaction to poverty depends on the specific relation of the ecosystem services to peasant production and consumption. In early 2005 a representative choice experiment study was conducted in the Lore Lindu area in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, to quantify regional economic preferences (marginal willingessto- pay: MWTP) for four different ecosystem services (n=249; rattan and water availability, shading in cacao agroforestry, population size...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Relative poverty; Choice experiment; Ecosystem services; Environmental valuation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q21; Q51; Q56; Q57.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25681

Hedonic Valuation of Ecosystem Services Using Agricultural Land Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ma,   Shan.
Agriculture, an ecosystem transformed by humans for the purpose of supplying food, fiber and biofuel, can provide people a host of benefits, or ecosystem services (ES). While markets exist for farm products, many of today’s central agro-environmental policy concerns are related to ES that lack complete markets, such as regulating ES and recreational, aesthetic and cultural ES. Valuation of non-marketed ES linked to agriculture is needed to improve their utilization and efficient provision. Some ES that facilitate agricultural production or provide natural amenities can be perceived by people through various natural resources and landscapes on farmlands and surrounding areas. One indirect way to measure the value of ES is via what people pay for the lands...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural land; Hedonic; Ecosystem services; Sales price; Appraisal value; GIS.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q24; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59321

Temporal Stability of Recreation Choices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parsons,   George R.; Stefanova,   Stela.
We evaluate the stability of coefficient and willingness to pay (WTP) estimates for recreation services over two time periods. To address this question, we estimate a Random Utility Maximization (RUM) model of recreation demand, using two datasets from different time periods, but concerning the same study area. We then compare the estimation results and evaluate the temporal stability of preferences that drive recreation choices. The two datasets are on trips made by Delaware residents to beaches in the Mid-Atlantic region: Delaware, New Jersey, Maryland and Northern Virginia. The first dataset was collected using a mail survey in 1997 and the second dataset was gathered through an Internet survey in 2005. Besides the time periods, and the survey methods,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Recreation demand; Nonmarket valuation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; Q26.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49296

Fuzzy Logic and Preference Uncertainty in Non-market Valuation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sun,   Lili; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
In seeking to value environmental amenities and public goods, individuals often have trouble trading off the (vague) amenity or good against a monetary measure. Valuation in these circumstances can best be described as fuzzy in terms of the amenity valued, perceptions of property rights, and the numbers chosen to reflect values. In this paper, we apply fuzzy logic to contingent valuation, employing a fuzzy clustering approach for incorporating preference uncertainty obtained from a follow-up certainty confidence question. We develop a Fuzzy Random Utility Maximization (FRUM) framework where the perceived utility of each individual is fuzzy in the sense that an individual’s utility belongs to each cluster to some degree. The model is then applied to a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Random utility maximization and fuzzy logic; Contingent valuation and preference uncertainty; C-means clustering; Forest conservation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; C35.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37021

Land Use Change and Ecosystem Valuation in North Georgia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ngugi,   Daniel; Mullen,   Jeffrey D.; Bergstrom,   John C.
This study seeks to forecast land use change in a North Georgia ecosystem, and estimate the economic value of the ecosystem using benefit transfer techniques. We forecast land use change based on a structural time series model and a simple growth rate model.  The study suggests a lower bound willingness to pay value of about USD 16,000 per year to ensure compliance with fishing and drinking water quality standards with regard to fecal coliform bacteria and dissolved oxygen. Conservation efforts are likely to cost less than the cost of defensive behavior or ecosystem restoration.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Economic value; North Georgia; Land use; Water quality; Structural time series; Benefit transfer; Forecasting.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q51; Q53; Q57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46853

Valoración económica de los beneficios ambientales de no mercado derivados de la mejora de la calidad del agua: una estimación en aplicación de la Directiva Marco del Agua al Guadalquivir
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martin-Ortega,   Julia; Berbel,   Julio; Brouwer,   Roy.
Esta investigación responde a la necesidad de información económica relativa a los beneficios derivados de la implementación de la Directiva Marco del Agua (DMA). Se plantea una definición práctica del concepto de beneficio ambiental y un escenario de valoración de los beneficios de la mejora de la calidad del agua que no tienen reflejo en el mercado. Esta valoración es necesaria, entre otros aspectos, para la evaluación de la desproporcionalidad de los costes de la DMA. La metodología se aplica a un caso práctico en el Guadalquivir en un ejercicio de valoración contingente y análisis estadístico mediante un modelo Heckman en dos etapas.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Beneficios ambientales; Costes desproporcionados; Directiva Marco del Agua; Modelo Heckman; Valoración contingente; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q25; Q51.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57281

Are Consumers Willing to Pay for Organic When the Food is Already Local?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Connolly,   Cristina; Klaiber,   H. Allen.
The emergence of community supported agriculture (CSA) farms has provided a new way for small farms to remain competitive while engaging their local community through direct marketing.  In this study, we report on some of the first revealed preference valuation of CSA attributes, including the willingness to pay for competing organic certification programs.  Using data on the prices and attributes of 188 CSA farms spanning Ohio and Pennsylvania we estimate willingness to pay measures from both hedonic and nearest-neighbor matching methods. Results from a semi-log hedonic reveal a willingness to pay of approximately 9% for organic branding compared to natural, which translates into an additional $48 per summer season share. We also find a statistically...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Organic; Local; Matching; Hedonic; Community supported agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q13; Q51.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124364

Will Buying Tropical Forest Carbon Benefit The Poor? Evidence from Costa Rica
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kerr,   Suzi; Lipper,   Leslie; Pfaff,   Alexander S.P.; Cavatassi,   Romina; Davis,   Benjamin; Hendy,   Joanna; Sanchez,   Arturo.
We review claims about the potential for carbon markets that link both payments for carbon services and poverty levels to ongoing rates of tropical deforestation. We then examine these effects empirically for Costa Rica during the 20th century  using an econometric approach that addresses the irreversibilities in deforestation. We find significant effects of the relative returns to forest on deforestation rates. Thus, carbon payments would induce conservation and also carbon sequestration, and if land users were poor could conserve forest while addressing rural poverty. However, we find poorer areas are less responsive to returns. This and  transaction costs could lead carbon payments policies not to be focused upon the poor. Other practical considerations...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land Use; Deforestation; Poverty; Climate Change; Development; Costa Rica.; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; I32; O13; Q51; Q54; Q56; Q31.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23807

An Application of Mixed Logit Estimation in the Analysis of Producers’ Stated Preferences
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kipperberg,   Gorm; Bond,   Craig A.; Hoag,   Dana L.
This paper analyzes Colorado Corn producers’ preferences over both private- and environmental public-good production system attributes. Current production practices are characterized by intensive water and chemical use, resulting in non-point source pollution to water bodies as well as soil erosion problems. Data from a stated preference survey are employed to analyze key attributes of experimentally configured irrigation systems, proposed as alternatives to current practices. Panel mixed logit estimations find positive preferences for profit, risk reduction, and, importantly, systems with less environmental impact in terms of nitrate leaching and soil erosion. The results also find presence of significant preference heterogeneity and a complementary...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural production; Profit-maximization; Environment; Mixed logit; Stated preference; Attribute part-worth; Nitrate leaching; Soil erosion; Risk; Crop Production/Industries; C10; D62; Q12; Q15; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108719

Identification of stochastic processes for an estimated icewine temperature hedging variable
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cyr,   Don; Kusy,   Martin.
Weather derivatives are a relatively new form of financial security that can provide firms with the ability to hedge against the impact of weather related risks to their activities.  Participants in the energy industry have employed standardized weather contracts trading on organized exchanges since 1999 and the interest in non-standardized contracts for specialized weather related risks is growing at an increasing rate. The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential use of weather derivatives to hedge against temperature related risks in Canadian ice wine production. Specifically we examine historical data for the Niagara region of the province of Ontario, Canada, the largest icewine producing region of the world, to determine an appropriate...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wine market; Weather derivatives; Weather hedging; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; G13; G32; Q14; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37298

An Information-Theoretic Approach to Modeling Binary Choices: Estimating Willingness to Pay for Recreation Site Attributes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Henry-Osorio,   Miguel; Mittelhammer,   Ronald C.
Information-Theoretic Econometrics
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Minimum power divergence; Cressie-Read statistics; Contingent valuation; Empirical likelihood; Discrete choice; Binary response models; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C13; C14; C25; Q51.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123432

Uncertainty in Individuals' Preferences for Non-commodity Outputs Provided by Rural Development Programs (RDPs): A Contingent Valuation Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dominguez-Torreiro,   Marcos; Solino,   Mario.
Rural development programs (RDPs) are currently envisaged as a means to foster the provision of a broad range of non-commodity outputs emanating from multifunctional rural environments. This paper presents a Contingent Valuation survey that analyses individuals’ perceptions of and willingness to pay (WTP) for the implementation of a RDP in Cantabria, Spain. Uncertainty in individuals’ preferences is explicitly acknowledged and introduced into our analytical framework. For that purpose, a comparison is made between the open-ended (OE) and the multiple bounded uncertainty (MBU) elicitation formats. According to our behavioural model estimates, the expectation of a positive welfare change for both rural and urban dwellers constitutes a sound argument in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural development policy; Non-commodity outputs; Contingent valuation; Elicitation formats; Uncertainty; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q0; Q18; Q51; R0.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114437

Evaluacion de impactos ambientales derivados de estrategias de restauracion a traves de las decisiones de jurados de ciudadanos
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alvarez-Farizo,   Begona; Gil,   Jose Maria; Howard,   B.J.
En los últimos años hemos asistido a una serie de vertidos contaminantes que han afectado tanto a espacios naturales como a áreas urbanas, industriales y rurales. Para mitigar sus efectos se hace necesaria una gestión integrada de las áreas productivas y naturales. Sin embargo, para que esta gestión sea eficaz es necesario considerar no sólo los efectos de las posibles medidas sobre la salud o los efectos biofísicos sobre el ambiente sino también la respuesta de los individuos a estos cambios. El objetivo de este trabajo se centra en la evaluación de los potenciales impactos, tanto ambientales como sociales, que se pueden derivar de las estrategias de restauración por vertidos. El enfoque adoptado se basa en la realización de un experimento de elección...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Q53; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; Q52.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28787

Do Farmers Value The Environment? Evidence from the Conservation Reserve Program Auctions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vukina,   Tomislav; Levy,   Armando; Marra,   Michele C.
The paper uses data from the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) auctions to elicit farmers' attitudes toward the environment by analyzing their bids. The CRP pays farmers to remove land from production and put it to a conservation use. An interesting aspect of these auctions is that winners are determined by a combination of low bids and environmental scores of individual plots. The results indicate that farmers condition their bids on the strength of their environmental scores and that they consistently value those environmental improvements which are concentrated locally such as reduced soil erosion, while they place less emphasis on those benefits which resemble public goods such as air quality and wildlife habitat.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; D44; D82; Q51; Q58.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25233

A Choice Modelling Approach for Assessment of Use and Quasi-Option Values in Urban Planning for Areas of Environmental Interest
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Strazzera,   Elisabetta; Cherchi,   Elisabetta; Ferrini,   Silvia.
This study adopts a discrete choice modelling methodology to evaluate individuals’ preferences over planning alternatives for an urban site of environmental interest. Since such projects involve some uncertainty and irreversibility, a special attention is devoted to the estimation of the quasi-option values which are associated to project development. Two distinct measures for the quasi-option value are estimated, and both coefficients indicate that the public places a significant value on reduction of the possibility of adverse irreversible effects: a more prudent development strategy is valued about four times more than a procedure that provides a lesser hedge against undesired outcomes. Furthermore, the study involved elicitation of intertemporal...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Urban Planning; Environmental Values; Choice Modelling; Use Values; Quasi-option Values; Discounting; C35; Q51; R41.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42903

Dynamic Processes in Contingent Valuation: A Case Study Involving the Mahogany Glider
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.; Wilson,   Clevo; Swarna Nantha,   Hemanath.
This paper reports the results of an experiment involving a sample of 204 members of the public who were assessed on three occasions about their willingness to pay for the conservation of the mahogany glider. They were asked this question prior to information being provided to them about the glider and other focal wildlife species; after such information was provided, and finally after participants had had an opportunity to see live specimens of this glider. The mean willingness to pay of the relevant samples are compared and found to show significant variations. Theories are considered that help explain the dynamics of these variations. Serious concerns are raised about the capacity of information provision to reveal ‘true’ contingent valuations of public...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Awareness; Contingent valuation; Dynamic processes; Experiential learning; Information; Wildlife; Willingness to pay; Environmental Economics and Policy; D83; D84; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51414

Conservation Value
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
This paper outlines the significance of the concept of conservation value and discusses ways in which it is determined paying attention to views stemming from utilitarian ethics and from deontological ethics. The importance of user costs in relation to economic decisions about the conservation and use of natural resources is emphasised. Particular attention is given to competing views about the importance of conserving natural resources in order to achieve economic sustainability. This then lends to a discussion of the value of conserving natural resources in order to meet the moral obligations of present generations to future generations. Anthropogenic views of the value of conserving natural resources (for example, derived from utilitarian ethics) are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Anthropogenic values; Conservation value; Deontological ethics; Ecocentric values; Economic sustainability; Intergenerational equity; Natural resources; Neo-Malthusianism; Precautionary motive; Sustainability; Sustainable development; User costs; Utilitarian ethics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q01; Q20; Q30; Q50; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90879

Effects of Poverty on Deforestation: Distinguishing Behavior from Location
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kerr,   Suzi; Pfaff,   Alexander S.P.; Cavatassi,   Romina; Davis,   Benjamin; Lipper,   Leslie; Sanchez,   Arturo; Timmins,   Jason.
We summarize existing theoretical claims linking poverty to rates of deforestation and then examine this linkage empirically for Costa Rica during the 20th century  using an econometric approach that addresses the irreversibilities in deforestation. Our data facilitate an empirical analysis of the implications for deforestation of where the poor live. Without controlling for this, impacts of poverty per se are confounded by richer areas being different from the areas inhabited by the poor, who we expect to find on more marginal lands, for instance less profitable lands.  Controlling for locations' characteristics, we find that poorer areas are cleared more rapidly.  This result suggests that poverty reduction aids forest conservation.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land Use; Deforestation; Poverty; Climate Change; Development; Costa Rica.; Food Security and Poverty; I32; O13; Q51; Q54; Q56.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23792

Consumption Ozone-Depleting Substances Impact in Central American GDAP: An Input Oriented Malmquist DEA Index
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zúniga-González,   Carlos Alberto.
Contribution to Second Congress Rural Development.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malmquist DEA Index; GDAP; ODS; Hydrochlorofluorocabons (HCFCs); Methyl bromide (Methyl Bromide); Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs); Environmental Economics and Policy; Productivity Analysis; Q51; O47.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96677

WHO IS MOST RESPONSIBLE FOR ENSURING THE MEAT WE EAT IS SAFE?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Erdem,   Seda; Rigby,   Dan; Wossink,   Ada.
We report results of an analysis of the attribution of relative responsibility across the stages of the food chain for ensuring food safety. Specifically, we identify perceptions of the share of the overall responsibility that each stage in the food chain has to ensure that the meat people cook and eat at home does not cause them to become ill. Results are reported for two groups of stakeholders: consumers and farmers, and for two types of meat: chicken and beef. The stakeholders’ opinions regarding the relative degrees of responsibility of the sequential food chain stages (feed supplier, farmer, livestock transportation, abattoir,… consumer) are elicited via surveys using the Maximum Difference technique (best-worst scaling). The data are analyzed using...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q18; Q51; D03; D12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91813

Valutazione tecnico-economica delle potenzialità di riutilizzo irriguo dei reflui depurati: il caso della Valpadana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zucaro,   Raffaella; Rago,   C.; Vollaro,   Michele.
Gli effetti dei cambiamenti climatici (CC), sebbene soltanto vagamente ipotizzati qualche decennio fa, hanno cominciato a manifestarsi negli ultimi anni facendo emergere la vulnerabilità soprattutto del settore agricolo. Mentre le indicazioni politiche internazionali promuovono azioni congiunte di lungo periodo volte all’adozione di misure di mitigazione dei CC (riduzione dei gas serra), non sono ancora state chiaramente definite efficaci misure di adattamento di breve periodo, soprattutto per le problematiche connesse alla scarsità idrica. Questo lavoro contribuisce al dibattito in corso sulla politica di adattamento ai CC nel settore agricolo italiano nel contesto sia della pianificazione della Politica Agricola Comune nel periodo 2014-2020 sia...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cambiamento climatico; Scarsità idrica; Stabilità dei mercati agricoli; Analisi multicriteriale; Analisi costi-benefici; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q18; Q25; Q34; Q38; Q51; R52.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124115

Essays on Regional Differences in Time Preferences and Attachment to Place
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yi,   Dale.
Data from a national telephone survey of working-aged adults in the continental US is combined with US Census 2000 data to explore the determinants of attachment to place and time preferences for jobs, natural amenities, and financial assets. Five regions in the US were delineated so that regional differences in the determinants of the dependent variables of interest could be parsed out. The regions are the Great Plains, Borderlands, Appalachia, the Plantation Belt, and the rest of the continental US.  The first essay that explores time preferences for jobs, natural amenities, and money. Each was embedded with a ten percent rate of return. In aggregate, the nation as a whole demonstrated that the discount rate for jobs, natural amenities, and financial...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Great Plains; Migration; Time preference; Survey; Community attachment; Social capital; Natural amenity; Economic development; Community; Census; Zip code; Policy; Native American; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; R11; R23; R53; R58; Q51; Q52; O13; O15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56009

Development of private insurance schemes as a means to reduce water overexploitation during drought events. A case study in Campo de Cartagena (Segura River Basin, Spain)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perez Blanco,   Carlos Dionisio; Gomez Gomez,   Carlos Mario.
Water is a key input in the production of many goods and services and under certain conditions can become a critical limiting factor with significant impacts on regional development. This is the case of many agricultural European Mediterranean basins, where water deficit during drought events is partially covered by illegal abstractions, mostly from aquifers, which are tolerated by the authorities. Groundwater overexploitation for irrigation has created in these areas an unprecedented environmental catastrophe that threatens ecosystems sustainability, urban water supply and the current model of development. Market-based drought insurance systems have the potential to introduce the necessary incentives to reduce overexploitation during drought events and...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Drought insurance; Stochastic models; Groundwater; Agriculture; Risk and Uncertainty; Q15; Q18; Q25; Q51; Q58.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122453

Integrating Multifunctionality of Agriculture in Regional Land Use Concepts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahrens,   Heinz; Kantelhardt,   Jochen.
Because of high population density in Europe agriculture cannot define its aims on its own but has to take account of quite a number of demands from different actors. For instance, agriculture is expected to produce food and at the same time to contribute to the protection of cultural landscapes and the maintenance of ecological services. However, land use concepts are often formulated ecology-oriented neglectingsocio-economic objectives and potential production responses of farmers. The present paper is aimed to illustrate how multi-criteria analysis can be used to transform a primarily ecology-oriented land use concept for an ecologically very sensitive region into a more integrative and comprehensive one that makes due allowance for socio-economic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Multi-criteria analysis; Multifunctionality of agriculture; Regional land-use concepts; Land Economics/Use; Q21; Q51; Q59; R0.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25483

Invasive Species Control over Space and Time:  Miconia calvescens on Oahu, Hawaii
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burnett,   Kimberly M.; Kaiser,   Brooks A.; Roumasset,   James A.
The optimal size and location of an invasive species population depend upon spatially differentiated biological growth, economic costs, and damages.  Although largely absent from most economic models, spatial considerations matter because the likelihood and magnitude of the invasion vary spatially and the threatened assets may be unevenly distributed across space.  We map the current and future populations of an invasive species, Miconia calvescens, on Oahu, Hawaii, and the potential damages to water quantity, quality, and endangered-species habitat, and weigh these against treatment costs.  We find that optimal densities vary from approximately 1% to 18% cover throughout the island.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Geographical Information Systems; Hawaii; Invasive species; Miconia calvescens; Oahu; Spatial analysis; Watershed; Q23; Q25; Q28; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37274

Can Calibration Reconcile Stated and Observed Preferences?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Norwood,   F. Bailey.
Hypothetical bias is a pervasive problem in stated-preference experiments.  Recent research has developed two empirically successful calibrations to remove hypothetical bias, though the calibrations have not been tested using the same data or in a conjoint analysis.  This study compares the two calibrations in a conjoint analysis involving donations to a public good.  Results find the calibrations are biased predictors of true donations but that calibrated and uncalibrated models together provide upper and lower bounds to true donations.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Calibration; Experimental economics; Forecasting; Hypothetical bias; Public goods; Stated preference; Voluntary contributions; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q51; H41.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43735

Assessing the Economic Impacts of Climate Change. An Updated CGE Point of View
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bosello,   Francesco; Eboli,   Fabio; Pierfederici,   Roberta.
The present research describes a climate change integrated impact assessment exercise, whose economic evaluation is based on a CGE approach and modeling effort. Input to the CGE model comes  from a wide although still partial set of up-to-date bottom-up impact studies. Estimates indicate that a temperature increase of 1.92°C compared to pre-industrial levels in 2050 could lead to global GDP losses of approximately 0.5% compared to a hypothetical scenario where no climate change is assumed to occur. Northern Europe is expected to benefit from the evaluated temperature increase (+0.18%), while Southern and Eastern Europe are expected to suffer from the climate change scenario under analysis (-0.15% and -0.21% respectively). Most vulnerable countries are the...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Computable General Equilibrium Modeling; Impact Assessment; Climate Change; Environmental Economics and Policy; C68; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121700

The economic assessment of changes in ecosystem services: and application of the CGE methodology
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bosello,   Francesco; Eboli,   Fabio; Parrado,   Ramiro; Nunes,   Paulo A.L.D.; Ding,   Helen; Rosa,   Renato.
The present study integrates Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) modelling with biodiversity services, proposing a possible methodology for assessing climate-change impacts on ecosystems. The assessment focuses on climate change impacts on carbon sequestration services provided by European forest, cropland and grassland ecosystems and on provisioning services, but provided by forest and cropland ecosystems only. To do this via a CGE model it is necessary to identify first the role that these ecosystem services play in marketable transactions; then how climate change can impact these services; and finally how the economic system reacts to those changes by adjusting demand and supply across sectors, domestically and internationally
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Ecosystems services; Integrated assessment; CGE; Environmental Economics and Policy; C68; Q51; Q54; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117622

Aportaciones desde la economía de la adaptación a la toma de decisiones sobre cambio climático: un ejemplo para la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Galarraga,   Ibon; Oses,   Nuria; Markandya,   Anil; Chiabai,   Aline; Khantun,   Kaysara.
As a consequence of Climate Change sea level rise as well as a change in the intensity and propensity of rain are expected in the Basque Country. Valuing the costs and benefits of adapting to these changes becomes an important piece of information for the planning process. This paper develops two methodological frameworks. The first one devoted to estimating the economic impacts to urban areas of an increase in the risk of flooding. The values estimated for the Nervión river in the city of Amurrio (Álava) indicate that the average expected damage will increase in 15 per cent as a consequence of CC (from €56,097 to €64,451). For an extreme episode the total loss could increase to €20 million. The second framework is oriented towards the valuation of the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change impacts; Economic valuation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117620

FLOODING RISK AND HOUSING VALUES: AN ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Daniel,   Vanessa; Florax,   Raymond J.G.M.; Rietveld,   Piet.
Climate change, the ‘boom and bust’ cycles of rivers, and altered water resource management practice have caused significant changes in the spatial distribution of the risk of flooding. Hedonic pricing studies, predominantly for the US, have assessed the spatial incidence of risk and the associated implicit price of flooding risk. Using these implicit price estimates and their associated standard errors, we perform a meta-analysis and find that houses located in the 100-year floodplain have a –0.3 to –0.8% lower price. The actual occurrence of a flooding event or increased stringency in disclosure rules causes ex ante prices to differ from ex post prices, but these effects are small. The marginal willingness to pay for reduced risk exposure has increased...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Valuation; Environmental risk; Meta-analysis; Hedonic pricing; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; D81; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7333

A comparison of the economic and environmental performances of conventional and organic farming: evidence from financial statements
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Argiles,   Josep M.; Brown,   Nestor Duch.
While conventional farming systems face serious problems of sustainability, organic agriculture is seen as a more environmentally friendly system since it favours renewable resources, recycles nutrients, uses the environment’s own systems for controlling pests and diseases, sustains ecosystems, protects soils, and reduces pollution. At the same time organic farming promotes animal welfare, the use of natural foodstuffs, product diversity and the avoidance of waste, among other practices. However, the future of organic agriculture will depend on its economic viability and on the determination shown by governments to protect these practices. This paper performs panel regressions with a sample of Catalan farms (Spain) to test the influence of organic farming...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Organic farming; Conventional farming; Social/environmental/financial performance; Social and environmental accounting; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Q01; Q12; Q51; M41.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118577

HEDONIC PRICE FUNCTIONS: GUIDANCE ON EMPIRICAL SPECIFICATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kuminoff,   Nicolai V.; Parmeter,   Christopher F.; Pope,   Jaren C.
The hedonic pricing model is widely accepted as a method for estimating the marginal willingness to pay for spatially delineated amenities. Empirical applications typically rely on one of three functional forms—linear, semi-log, and double-log—and rarely involve rigorous specification testing. This phenomenon is largely due to an influential simulation study by Cropper, Deck and McConnell (CDM) (1988) that found, among other things, that simpler linear specifications outperformed more flexible functional forms in the face of omitted variables. In the 20 years that have elapsed since their study, there have been major computational advances and significant changes in the way hedonic price functions can be estimated. The purpose of our paper is to update and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Hedonic; Functional Form; Monte Carlo Simulation; Property Value Model; Demand and Price Analysis; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q15; Q51; Q53; C15; R52.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6555

Assessing the Risk of Oil Spills in the Mediterranean: the Case of the Route from the Black Sea to Italy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bigano,   Andrea; Sheehan,   Paul.
Recent major spills on European coasts have highlighted the primary policy relevance for the EU of oil spills. This paper assesses the risks related to carrying oil to the EU along the route from the Russian Black Sea coast to Sicily, Italy (one of the most congested and strategically relevant European import routes). We develop a methodology based on Fault Tree Analysis, and we apply it to the most likely causes of an oil spill. We couple the resulting probabilities with data on expected spill size, types of oil carried and cleanup costs, to estimate expected costs for cleanup and loss of cargo. The route analysed appears to be a risky one; there is a “high” to “very high” risk of a spill along this route. The Turkish Straits turn out to be the major...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Oil spills; Cleanup costs; Risk analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q32; Q51; Q52; Q53.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12112

Land Use Change, Benefit Transfer and Ecosystem Valuation in North Georgia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ngugi,   Daniel; Mullen,   Jeffrey D.; Bergstrom,   John C.
This study seeks to forecast land use change in a North Georgia ecosystem, and estimate the economic value of the ecosystem using benefit transfer techniques. We forecast land use change based on a structural time series model and a simple growth rate model.  The study suggests a lower bound willingness to pay value of about USD 16,000 per year to ensure compliance with fishing and drinking water quality standards with regard to fecal coliform bacteria and dissolved oxygen. Conservation efforts are likely to cost less than the cost of defensive behavior or ecosystem restoration.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Economic value; North Georgia; Land use; Water quality; Structural time series; Benefit transfer; Forecasting; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q51; Q53; Q57; R14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47110

Medición de la ecoeficiencia en procesos productivos en el sector agrario. Caso de estudio sobre producción de cítricos
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ribal,   Javier; Sanjuan,   Neus; Clemente,   Gabriela; Fenollosa,   M. Loreto.
La eco-eficiencia se define mediante la ratio “valor económico/impactos ambientales”. En este trabajo se evalúa la eco-eficiencia de la producción de cítricos en la Comunidad Valenciana. Se han construido 24 escenarios de producción de naranjas según sus prácticas agrícolas y se han determinado sus impactos ambientales mediante Análisis de Ciclo de Vida así como su valor económico añadido. Los resultados se refirieron a 1 kg de naranjas. La integración de la evaluación económica y la ambiental en la ratio se realizó mediante Data Envelopment Analysis. Entre los escenarios más eco-eficientes predominaron los de producción ecológica.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Eco-eficiencia; Data Envelopment Analysis; Análisis de Ciclo de Vida; Cítricos; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q10; Q51.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57290

Do Environmental Services Buyers Prefer Differentiated Rates? A Case Study from the Colombian Andes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moreno-Sanchez,   Rocio del Pilar; Maldonado,   Jorge Higinio; Wunder,   Sven; Borda,   Carlos Andres.
Flat user fees in payment for environmental services (PES) schemes promote administrative ease, and are sometimes perceived as egalitarian. However, when environmental service (ES) buyers are heterogeneous in their income and water consumption levels, this may not be optimal, as total payments become too low and services are under-supplied. This paper identifies ES buyer preferences and estimates their willingness to pay (WTP) differentiated fees in an ongoing PES initiative in an Andean watershed in Colombia. Small, flat user payments have recently been introduced to implement incipient watershed protection upstream. Environmental service users fall into two highly heterogeneous categories: smallholder peasants and owners of recreational houses. We...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: PES; WTP; Environmental services; Colombia; Watershed protection; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q56; Q25; Q5; Q51; C25; D10; D12; D61; D63.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91171

Economic Uncertainties in Valuing Reductions in Children's Environmental Health Risks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoffmann,   Sandra A.; Krupnick,   Alan J.; Adamowicz,   Wiktor L.
The recognition that environmental hazards can affect children differently and more severely than adults has provoked growing concern in industrialized nations about the impact of environmental pollution on children's health. In this paper, commissioned by the OECD, we are charged with examining "economic uncertainties" associated with valuing the benefits of environmental policies that reduce risk to children's health. We examine two sources of uncertainty in benefits estimation: forecasting uncertainty and modeling uncertainty. We explore how these sources of uncertainty affect the use of standard economic and non-economic approaches to the valuation of health benefits. These include willingness-to-pay measures, cost-of-illness and human-capital...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Willingness to pay; QALY; Children; Social welfare function; Health valuation; Environmental health; Household behavior; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; I18; I1; J17; D13; D6; D63; D64.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10722

Risk Belief, Producer Demand, and Valuation of Improved Irrigations: Results from Field Experiments in Mt. Kilimanjaro
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muamba,   Francis; Kraybill,   David S.
This paper systematically estimates the potential benefit of introducing improved irrigation schemes in Mt. Kilimanjaro to help rain dependent farmers cope with the risks of climate change. The study uses Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to elicit farmers’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for eliminating the risks of crop loss by accessing improved irrigation schemes. Data for the analysis were gathered using a double bounded survey from over 200 randomly-sampled farmers in 15 villages. The study makes a contribution to the applied welfare literature and should also be useful for policymakers in Africa. The policy contribution consists of valuation of improved irrigation in the presence of climate change risks. The applied welfare contribution consists of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Willingness to Pay; Climate Change; Irrigation; Risk Belief; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12; Q18; Q25; Q51; Q56.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61653

Valuing international marine resources: A meta-analysis on the Baltic Sea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahtiainen,   Heini.
The study uses meta-analysis to provide insights into the value of international marine resources, illustrating the issue with the case of the Baltic Sea. Willingness to pay for water quality improvements varies systematically with factors such as a country’s income level, characteristics of the change in water quality, water body type, study year and methodology. The results of the meta analysis are applied to benefit transfer in order to assess the distribution of the benefits of marine protection measures between the Baltic Sea countries and to compare the results with previous research. The net benefits of protecting the Baltic are positive, but they are asymmetrically distributed between the littoral countries.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Meta-analysis; Water quality valuation; Marine areas; The Baltic Sea; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q26; Q51.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48915

Divergence between WTA and WTP Revisited: Livestock Grazing on Public Range
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sun,   Lili; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; Voss,   Graham M.
The research reported here provides further empirical support for the contention that there is a divergence between WTA and WTP. The conclusion is based on results from a 2002 survey of Nevada ranchers that asked about willingness to pay for public forage and WTA compensation to part with grazing rights. WTP and WTA are estimated simultaneously, with the estimators used to demonstrate a statistically significant divergence between WTP and WTA. The simultaneous estimation allows us to identify ranch characteristics that influence the discrepancy in valuations. Ranch size, public grazing allotment, financial distress, and long term commitment to ranching are all significant influences on the disparity. We interpret these results both with respect to general...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation methods; Dichotomous choice surveys; WTA versus WTP; Grazing rights and public forage; Agribusiness; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q24; Q51.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37014

USING BEST WORST SCALING TO INVESTIGATE PERCEPTIONS OF CONTROL AND CONCERN OVER FOOD AND NON-FOOD RISKS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Erdem,   Seda; Rigby,   Dan.
This research locates a series of risks or hazards within a framework characterized by the level of control respondents believe they have over the risks, and the level of worry the risks prompt. It does this for a set of both food and non-food risks. The means by which this is done is novel and differs from past risk perception analyses in that it asks people directly regarding their relative assessments of the levels of control and worry regarding the risks presented. The cognitive burden associated with people ranking and scaling items in large sets is notoriously heavy and so this study uses an elicitation method designed to make the process intuitive and cognitively manageable for respondents. The substantive analysis of the risk perceptions has 4 main...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Best-worst scaling; Maximum Difference; Food; Risk; Perception; Novel Technology; E.coli; UK; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty; Q18; Q51; D03; D12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61518

Willingness to Pay for Emission Reductions with E85
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jensen,   Kimberly L.; Marra,   Adrienne; Clark,   Christopher D.; English,   Burton C.
This study examines consumers' WTP for reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from E85 as opposed to gasoline. Data were collected via a contingent choice exercise in a 2009 national online survey. As part of the fuel choice exercise, several fuel attributes were allowed to vary including emission reductions, import level, proximity of fuel availability, price, and fuel blend (E85 or regular gasoline). A random parameters model with demographics and attitudes interacted with emission reductions was estimated. The resulting estimates suggest that, overall the WTP for an emission reduction is not statistically significant.  However, for some demographic and attitudinal profiles, the WTP is significant. An example profile includes younger age, female,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Willingness to Pay; Emission Reductions; E85; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q41; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60916

Assessing national values to protect the health of the Great Barrier Reef
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rolfe,   John; Windle,   Jill.
The aim of this study was to estimate the values to protect the health of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) at the national level and to examine the effects of distance decay on valuation estimates. A split-sample choice-modelling experiment was conducted in six locations: a regional town within the GBR catchment area (Townsville); Brisbane, the state capital approximately 450 km from the southern limit of the GBR; and four other capital cities (Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide and Perth) ranging from nearly 1,000 km to over 4,000 km from Brisbane. The results suggest that the average WTP across Australian households is $21.68 per household per annum for five years. There was some evidence of distance decay in values. Most decline occurred once outside the home...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Distance decay; Iconic resources; Choice modelling experiment; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100732

Economic Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services: Methodology and Monetary Estimates
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chiabai,   Aline; Travisi,   Chiara M.; Ding,   Helen; Markandya,   Anil; Nunes,   Paulo A.L.D.
By using ad hoc value transfer protocols, this paper offers a methodological contribution and provides accurate per hectare estimates of the economic value of some selected ecosystem services for all forest biomes in the world, identified following the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment taxonomy MEA. The research also estimates potential total economic losses from policy inaction in year 2050. Final results show that total losses are significant. The total figure is €78 billion, the greatest losses coming from North America and Mexico, followed by Africa, Russia and some Asiatic countries. Most of this loss is attributable to provisioning services and carbon sequestration, while only a minor part is due to loss of cultural services. In terms of biomes the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Forest; Ecosystem Services; Biodiversity; Valuation; Value Transfer; Environmental Economics and Policy; O13; Q23; Q26; Q51; Q54; Q57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50361

Incorporating Project Uncertainty in Novel Environment Biotechnologies: Illustrated Using Phytoremediation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Linacre,   Nicholas A.; Whiting,   Steven N.; Angle,   J. Scott.
Pollution of the environment by metals and organic contaminants is an intractable global problem, with cleanup costs running into billions of dollars using current engineering technologies. The availability of alternative, cheap and effective technologies would significantly improve the prospects of cleaning-up metal contaminated sites. Phytoremediation has been proposed as an economical and ‘green’ method of exploiting plants to extract or degrade the contaminants in the soil. To date, the majority of phytoremediation efforts have been directed at leaping the biological, biochemical and agronomic hurdles to deliver a working technology, with scant attention to the economic outlook other than simple estimates of the cost advantages of phytoremediation over...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Project risk; Soil contaminants; Environmental remediation; Industrial crop technologies; Crop Production/Industries; Q5; Q51; Q2.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59223

Ecotourism as a Means of Conserving Wetlands
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pemberton,   Carlisle A.; Mader-Charles,   Kathleen.
The Nariva Swamp on the island of Trinidad in the Caribbean is being degraded due to increasing human activity.  However, its conservation is desirable, as it is an internationally recognized wetland.  The study examined an ecotourism project, with an emphasis on community participation, as a conservation approach to the Swamp, via benefit-cost analysis, where the benefits of conservation were measured by contingent valuation.  Contingent valuation showed that the residents of Trinidad were willing to pay an average of $56 for conserving the Swamp.  The analysis also showed that ecotourism represents an economically feasible use of ecologically fragile resources of this wetland.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Benefit-cost analysis; Contingent valuation of wetlands; Ecotourism; Q26; Q51; Q57; R14.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43521

Climate Change Assessment and Agriculture in General Equilibrium Models: Alternative Modeling Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Palatnik,   Ruslana Rachel; Roson,   Roberto.
Agricultural sectors play a key role in the economics of climate change. Land as an input to agricultural production is one of the most important links between economy and the biosphere, representing a direct projection of human action on the natural environment. Agricultural management practices and cropping patterns have a vast effect on biogeochemical cycles, freshwater availability and soil quality. Agriculture also plays an important role in emitting and storing greenhouse gases. Thus, to consistently investigate climate policy and future pathways for the economic and natural environment, a realistic representation of agricultural land-use is essential. Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models have increasingly been used to this purpose. CGE models...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Computable General Equilibrium (CGE); Partial Equilibrium (PE); Agriculture; Land Use; Climate Change; Environmental Economics and Policy; C68; D58; Q24; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54284

Estimating Ricardian Models With Panel Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Massetti,   Emanuele; Mendelsohn,   Robert.
Many nonmarket valuation models, such as the Ricardian model, have been estimated using cross sectional methods with a single year of data. Although multiple years of data should increase the robustness of such methods, repeated cross sections suggest the results are not stable. We argue that repeated cross sections do not properly specify the model. Panel methods that correctly specify the Ricardian model are stable over time. The results suggest that many cross sectional methods including hedonic studies and travel cost studies could be enhanced using panel data.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Impacts; Agriculture; Hedonic Models; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q1; Q12; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115727

WHO IS MOST RESPONSIBLE FOR ENSURING  THE MEAT WE EAT IS SAFE?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Erdem,   Seda; Rigby,   Dan; Wossink,   Ada.
We report results of an analysis of the attribution of relative responsibility across the stages of the food chain for ensuring food safety. Specifically, we identify perceptions of the share of the overall responsibility that each stage in the food chain has to ensure that the meat people cook and eat at home does not cause them to become ill. Results are reported for two groups of stakeholders: consumers and farmers, and for two types of meat: chicken and beef. The stakeholders’ opinions regarding the relative degrees of responsibility of the sequential food chain stages (feed supplier, farmer, livestock transportation, abattoir,… consumer) are elicited via surveys using the Maximum Difference technique (best-worst scaling). The data are analyzed using...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Maximum Difference; Best Worst Scaling; Responsibility; Food Safety; Perception; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q18; Q51; D03; D12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61642

Assessing community values for reducing agricultural emissions to improve water quality and protect coral health in the Great Barrier Reef
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rolfe,   John; Windle,   Jill.
Key policy issues relating to protection of the Great Barrier Reef from pollutants generated by agriculture are to identify when measures to improve water quality generate benefits to society that outweigh the costs of reducing pollutants. The research reported in this paper makes a key contribution in several key ways. First, it uses the improved science understanding about the links between management changes and reef health to bring together the analysis of costs and benefits of marginal changes, helping to demonstrate the appropriate way of addressing policy questions relating to reef protection. Second, it uses the scientific relationships to frame a choice experiment to value the benefits of improved reef health, and links improvements explicitly to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Choice modelling experiment; Attribute definition; Input output definition; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q. 15; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100705

Investigating Distance Effects on Environmental Values: A Choice Modelling Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Concu,   Giovanni B.
This paper describes a Choice Modelling experiment set up to investigate the relationship between distance and willingness to pay for environmental quality changes. The issue is important for the estimation and transfer of benefits. The Choice Modelling experiment allows testing distance effects on parameters of environmental attributes that imply different trade-offs between use and non-use values. The sampling procedure is designed to provide a "geographically balanced" sample. Several specifications of the distance covariate are compared and distance effects are shown to take complex shapes. Welfare analysis shows that disregarding distance produces under-estimation of individual and aggregated benefits and losses, seriously hindering the reliability of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Aggregation; Choice Modelling; Distance; Geographical Sampling; Specification Tests; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; H4; D6.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25566

Social Cost-Benefit Analysis of Scientific Versus Traditional Shrimp Farming: A Case Study from India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhattacharya,   Poulomi; Ninan,   K.N.
This paper attempts a social cost-benefit analysis of scientific versus traditional shrimp farming in West Bengal, India. Using primary data, the paper shows that although intensive or scientific shrimp farming yields high returns as compared to traditional shrimp farming, when the opportunity costs and environmental costs of shrimp farming including disease risk are accounted for, scientific shrimp farming loses its advantage. In fact sensitivity analysis shows that if expected benefits were to fall short by 15% and costs rise by a similar proportion, scientific shrimp farmers report higher losses than traditional shrimp farmers. But large traditional shrimp farmers continue to report positive net returns. These results are also most pronounced for small...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Shrimp Farming; Social Cost-Benefit Analysis; Net Present Value; Benefit- Cost ratio; Environmental costs; Opportunity cost; Risk; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Q22; Q51.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51227

Explaining Differences in Farm Sustainability: Evidence from Flemish Dairy Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Van Passel,   Steven; Mathijs,   Erik; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido.
An important objective of European agricultural policy is to have a sustainable, efficient farming sector, which uses environmentally-friendly production methods. Agricultural policy makers aim to combine strong economic performance with a sustainable use of natural resources. There is thus a need for tools allowing quantification of farm sustainability as well as for empirical research assessing, analysing and explaining differences in farm sustainability. Using a large dataset of dairy farms, we apply the concept of sustainable value creation to benchmark farm sustainability performance. An effect model captures the determinants of the differences in sustainability among Flemish dairy farms. Our empirical model shows that both managerial and structural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainability assessment; Efficiency; Dairy farming; Performance measurement; Livestock Production/Industries; Q51; Q56; Q57; Q58; Q12.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25262

The Impacts of Hurricane Mitch on Child Health: Evidence from Nicaragua
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Omitsu,   Makiko; Yamano,   Takashi.
By taking a rare opportunity to have both pre- and post-disaster survey data in Nicaragua in 1998 and 2001, we estimate the direct impacts of Hurricane Mitch on long-term child health status, measured in height-for-age z-scores, in the pooled cross section model. Especially, we focus on children who were younger than 2.5 years old at the time of Hurricane Mitch because the previous studies show that children under two to three years old are especially vulnerable to shocks. The results indicate that, in the 2001 survey, more than two years after experiencing Hurricane Mitch, children who were younger than 2.5 years old at the time of Hurricane Mitch have 0.35 points lower HAZ-scores and have 6.6 percent higher probability of stunting than expected. Although...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Health Economics and Policy; I3; O13; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25700

Price-based Valuation of Rice Genetic Diversity in Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pant,   Krishna Prasad.
The study valuates different useful traits of rice landraces in Nepal to demonstration an empirical methodology for biodiversity valuation. A sample of 200 rice growers in hills and plain area was surveyed for the production of different landraces and their market price.  For estimating the value put by the consumers on different rice traits a hedonic pricing model was used to disaggregate the prices paid by the consumers for different useful traits of rice. For estimating derived demand of seeds with different useful traits by the farmers, a contingent valuation method is employed.  The results show that the consumers value Rs 11 billion per annum for aromatic trait and rupees two billion for tasty trait. The findings of the study will be helpful to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agro biodiversity; Rice landrace; Biodiversity valuation; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q57; Q51.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51642

Modelling the value of a multifunctional landscape – A discrete choice experiment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Borresch,   Rene; Maas,   Sarah; Schmitz,   Kim; Schmitz,   P. Michael.
In the context of today’s intensive discussion of landscape multifunctionality, one primary objective of the current European Union policy is to support the implementation of multifunctionaly within the EU. In order to assess the economical feasibility of the implementation of a multifunctional land use in the Wetterau region in Germany this study addresses the question whether the local population, which is above all affected by the degradation of landscapes, benefits from a change from today’s landscape dominated by intensive agricultural production towards a multifunctional landscape. Based on data obtained by discrete choice experiments in the Wetterau region, a cost-benefit-analysis is carried out using the modelling and assessment framework CHOICE....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Landscape multifunctionality; CHOICE; Discrete choice experiments; Willingness-to-Pay; Cost-benefit-analysis; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q24; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51641

Incentives to Supply Enhanced Ecosystem Services from Cropland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jolejole,   Christina B.; Swinton,   Scott M.; Lupi,   Frank.
This paper examines the willingness of farmers to participate in hypothetical programs that would pay them to adopt cropping practices that enhance provision of ecosystem services from agriculture. A survey of 3,000 Michigan corn and soybean farmers elicited willingness to adopt four sets of cropping practices that reflected increasing levels of environmental stewardship. Acreage enrollments in the programs were modeled using hurdle models. The acreage that farmers would be willing to enroll depends chiefly on farm size and the perception of environmental improvements from the practices.  For farms over 500 acres, the payment offered was also a significant inducement to acreage enrollment in all systems examined. This paper advances the literature on...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Willingness to participate; Willingness to accept; Stated preference; Supply response; Ecosystem services; Payment for environmental services; Agricultural policy; Agro-environmental policy; Environmental policy; Corn; Soybean; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q18; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49356

Dynamic Contingent Valuation and Choice Modelling for Ecosystem Services
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hertzler,   Greg.
Non market valuation and bio economic modelling are combined in a dynamic model of ecosystem services. A mathematical proof demonstrates that the imputed price of natural capital contains all non market values and that scarcity rent is the total value of ecosystem services. A dynamic demand system, including characteristics is derived. New methods are developed for dynamic welfare analysis and both revealed and stated preference methods are proposed for estimating the price of natural capital. Estimation is simple if we avoid surveying consumers who degrade the ecosystem and instead consult owners who accrue the scarcity rent and conserve for the future.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Non market valuation; Ecosystem services; Lancaster demand; Welfare analysis; Analytical solutions; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q57; Q51; Q56.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6024

Willingness to Pay for Mortality Risk Reductions: Does Latency Matter?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alberini,   Anna; Cropper,   Maureen L.; Krupnick,   Alan J.; Simon,   Nathalie B.
Using results from two contingent valuation surveys conducted in Canada and the United States, we explore the effect of a latency period on willingness to pay (WTP) for reduced mortality risk using both structural and reduced form approaches. We find that delaying the time at which the risk reduction occurs by 10 to 30 years significantly reduces WTP for respondents aged 40 to 60 years. Additionally, we estimate implicit discount rates equal to 8% for Canada and 4.5% for the United States-both well within the range established previously in the literature.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Value of a statistical life; Mortality risks; Cost-benefit analysis; Health Economics and Policy; Q51; Q58.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10500

Multiregional Invasive Species Management:  Theory and an Application to Florida's Exotic Plants
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   C.S.; Lee,   Donna J.; Schaible,   Glenn D.; Vasavada,   Utpal.
This research develops a multiregional optimal control model that incorporates regional allocation of a public budget for controlling invasive plants when regionally differential recreation demand functions and species control costs are present.  Our equimarginal condition for optimal budget allocation equates the relative marginal economic benefits per dollar spent across regions.  The model was applied to Florida Public Conservation Land regions, and results indicate that the magnitude of an annual management budget affects its distribution among species management regions, but the size of the intrinsic growth rate does not affect the pattern of budget allocation among regions.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Budget allocation; Equimarginal condition; Florida invasive species; Invasive plants; Optimal control; B41; C02; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37141

Valuing the Changes in Herbicide Risks Resulting from Adoption of Roundup Ready Soybeans by U.S. Farmers: A Revealed-Preference Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sydorovych,   Olha; Marra,   Michele C.
Valuing the Changes in Herbicide Risks Resulting from Adoption of Roundup Ready Soybeans by U.S. Farmers: A Revealed-Preference Approach
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Pesticide human and environmental risks; Revealed preferences; Roundup Ready soybeans; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47258

Economic analysis of spatial preferences heterogeneity of water quality
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martin-Ortega,   Julia; Brouwer,   Roy; Berbel,   Julio.
The main objective of this study is to account for spatial preference variability in the economic valuation of water quality improvements in the river basin context. This is expected to be particularly relevant for the implementation of the European WFD, as it will involve spatially differentiated perceptions of the benefits of water quality changes. A choice experiment is developed based on maps to elicit welfare measures for water quality improvements across sub-basins in the Guadalquivir River Basin in Spain. Variation is introduced simultaneously in the spatial distribution of goods and services and their beneficiaries, for the accounting of spatial preference heterogeneity (i.e. people’s different valuation of changes in environmental good provision...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water economics; Valuation; Choice Experiment; Spatial Heterogeneity; Water Quality; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; Q25; H41.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50626

Do We Care about Built Cultural Heritage? The Empirical Evidence Based on the Veneto House Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosato,   Paolo; Rotaris,   Lucia; Breil,   Margaretha; Zanatta,   Valentina.
Italian historical buildings require urgent and costly maintenance and restoration works, but neither the local, nor the national public administrators can afford these expenditures. Nevertheless the built cultural heritage represent a unique resource of the territory, as it embodies the local social, historical, and cultural values, generates positive externalities (Musgrave, 1959), and stimulates economic activities mainly related to tourism. Is it possible to quantify how much we care about historical buildings and to measure this value in monetary terms? The aim of this paper is to answer to this question via the hedonimetric approach. Specifically, we try to verify if the proximity to historical villas, districts, palaces, squares, fortresses,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cultural Heritage Externalities; Hedonic Housing Price Method; Z1; D62; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42917

Construction and Application of an LP Farm Model with an Integrated Life Cycle Assessment for the Determination of Sustainable Milk Production Systems
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mohring,   Anke; Zimmermann,   Albert.
The increasingly stringent conditions underlying Swiss dairy production demand sustainable milk production systems that are economically optimized but also meet the ecological requirements of society.  To determine such systems, a comparative-static LP model was constructed at farm level.  Realistic production systems are reproduced in the model by means of binary variables.  An Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was integrated into the model to determine the environmental impacts of the farm.  To this effect, the internal farm influences on production are illustrated in detail.  An initial application of the model, in which a comparison of different income-optimized production systems was carried out, revealed some goal conflicts between economics and ecology....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); LP-model; Dairy production; Production system; Livestock Production/Industries; C61; Q12; Q51.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24714

Optimizing Farmland Preservation Choices Across Communities and Jurisdictional Scales: To What Extent are Amenity Values and Selection Criteria Transferable?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnston,   Robert J.; Duke,   Joshua M.; Kukielka,   Jessica B.
This paper assesses the potential for function based benefit transfer to inform farmland preservation policy, with emphasis on distinctions between welfare estimation and policy prioritization. Data are drawn from a parallel choice experiments implemented in six communities and statewide in Connecticut. The analysis provides a range of empirical results of potential significance for policy, but two findings are of particular relevance. First, results suggest that transfer errors in WTP for farmland preservation are comparable to those found in other policy contexts, even across similar sites. Results also suggest, however, that welfare based policy rankings are strongly correlated across sites, even when dollar denominated transfer errors are substantial....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6243

Reinventing Regulation of Agriculture: Alternative Performance Standards for Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pease,   James W.; Bosch,   Darrell J.
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) are point sources of pollution and require Clean Water Act permits.  The 2003 regulations allow Large CAFOs to propose alternative performance standards (APS) that offer equivalent or better environmental performance than the baseline technology.  Principal obstacles to APS success include the complexities of demonstrating superior performance, cost uncertainties for obtaining approval, CAFO risks of participation, intra-organizational barriers of permitting agencies, and potential lawsuits brought by environmental groups.  Despite obstacles, APS offers potential for technology innovations and reduced environmental compliance costs.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Clean Water Act; Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation; Performance standards; Permitting; Regulation; L51; Q51; Q52; Q53; Q55; Q58.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43344

'Scenario Adjustment' in Stated Preference Research
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cameron,   Trudy Ann; Deshazo,   J.R.; Johnson,   Erica H.
To assess demand for non-market goods, researchers must sometimes resort to direct elicitation of consumer tradeoffs with the use of surveys.  Stated preference (SP) methods typically involve surveys of consumers wherein choice scenarios are posed to respondents and individuals are asked to indicate their preferred alternatives. As SP research has matured, much progress has been made to address a variety of well-known biases that can afflict demand estimates produced by these methods, but some concerns still remain. We use an existing survey designed to ascertain willingness to pay for private health-risk reduction programs to illustrate yet another potential source of bias. This bias is caused when not all respondents answer exactly the choice question...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Value of a statistical life; Value of a statistical illness profile; Health risk reductions; Stated preference; Scenario rejection; Scenario adjustment; Demand and Price Analysis; Q51.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9739

Rates of Time Preferences for Saving Lives in the Hazardous Waste Site Context
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alberini,   Anna; Tonin,   Stefania; Turvani,   Margherita.
Replaced with revised version of paper 02/20/09.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Value of a Statistical Life; Latent Risk Reductions; Individual Discount Rates; Rate of Time Preference for Saving Lives; Contaminated Sites; Remediation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; J17; I18; K32; Q51; Q53.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47177

Análisis de intensidades energéticas y emisiones de CO2 a partir de la matriz de contabilidad social de Andalucía del año 2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cardenete,   Manuel Alejandro; Fuentes Saguar,   Patricia D.; Polo,   Clemente.
RESUMEN: En este artículo se estiman las intensidades energéticas y emisiones de CO2 para la economía andaluza en el año 2000. Las intensidades energéticas de las ramas productivas se calculan en varios escenarios empleando un modelo SAM especificado con la matriz de contabilidad social elaborada por los autores. Las emisiones se estiman con el modelo input-output, distinguiendo la polución intermedia de la originada por la demanda final. Los resultados muestran la existencia de importantes variaciones en intensidades entre ramas y también las sustanciales variaciones que acaecen al endogeneizar el consumo y la inversión. La estimación de las emisiones en el año base resulta bastante satisfactoria y las simulaciones realizadas muestran el sustancial...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Emisiones de CO2; Matriz de contabilidad social; Multiplicadores energéticos; Agricultural and Food Policy; D57; D58; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57232

An Economic Analysis of Bushfires Management Programs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ganewatta,   Gaminda; Grahlmann,   Linda; Handmer,   John.
Allocating scare resources for fire management strategies requires information on the extent of economic losses from bushfires and the efficiency of alternatives. Despite the severity of bushfires, there is no agreed approach in Australia for estimating economic losses from fires nor for evaluating the economic efficiency of alternative suppression strategies. The poster proposes approaches to assess the economic effects of bushfires on local and state economies and sets out models to evaluate the economic efficiency of two key bushfire management strategies: presuppression and suppression. The first model arises from questions concerning the value of pre-suppression (before the fire) fuel reduction activities, and the estimation of an economically optimal...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; A11; H4; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25278

Institutional management of greenhouse gas emissions: How much does 'green' reputation matter?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Komarek,   Timothy M.; Lupi,   Frank; Kaplowitz,   Michael D.; Thorp,   Laurie.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Green reputation; Conjoint analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q29; Q40; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61408

Valuation Methods for Environmental Benefits in Forestry and Watershed Investment Projects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cavatassi,   Romina.
The understatement or omission of the environmental costs and benefits associated with forest management options results in project evaluations and policy prescriptions that are less than socially optimal. The aim of this paper is to examine the full range of costs and benefits associated with forests, distinguishing between how these should, and actually are, included in economic analyses. The paper first describes the economic analysis undertaken in the project evaluation procedure of the World Bank. The second section deals with all costs and benefits that typically occur in forestry projects. Costs and benefits are classified as on-site private, on-site public or global according to their nature and area of impact and according to the Total Economic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic analysis; Forest values; Global environmental benefits; Externalities; Carbon sequestration; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D61; D62; Q51; Q57; O13.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23799

The Value of Disappearing Beaches: A hedonic pricing model with endogenous beach width
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gopalakrishnan,   Sathya; Smith,   Martin D.; Slott,   Jordan M.; Murray,   A. Brad.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Beach nourishment; Beach width; Erosion; Hedonic; Non-market valuation; Morpho-economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49261

Methods for Estimating Economic Damages from Environmental Contamination
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shideler,   David W.; Dicks,   Michael R.
While significant attention has been given to the decrease in property values associated with environmental contamination (i.e., stigma effects), little attention has been given to the stigma impacts on the local community as a whole.  In addition, most estimates of stigma damages have been performed within a community, using distance from contamination or comparing contamination and non contamination areas in the community.  In this article we determine stigma damages by analyzing property values in comparable communities and develop the rationale for estimating the community impact associated with environmental contamination that extends beyond the impact on individual property owners.  These impacts were estimated for the environmental contamination...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental damages; Environmental contamination; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98808

The "more is less" phenomenon in Contingent and Inferred valuation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stachtiaris,   Spiros; Drichoutis,   Andreas C.; Klonaris,   Stathis.
2011) using the Contingent valuation (CV) as well as the Inferred valuation (IV) method (Lusk and Norwood 2009b). We find that when moving in the context of a familiar market for consumers (i.e., the food market) we only observe weak effects of inconsistencies. In addition, we find that the IV method is no better (and no worse) than the CV method in generating more consistent preference orderings. Surprisingly, we also find that the IV method generates higher valuations than CV, rendering one of its advantages of mitigating social desirability bias questionable.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Willingness-to-pay (WTP); Contingent Valuation (CV); Inferred Valuation(IV); Preference reversals; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C9; C93; D12; Q51.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116013

Modeling Certainty-Adjusted Willingness to Pay for Ecosystem Service Improvement  from Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ma,   Shan; Lupi,   Frank; Swinton,   Scott M.; Chen,   Huilan.
The public demand for ecosystem services measured by willingness to pay (WTP) in contingent valuation studies provides important information for designing Payment-for-Ecosystem-Service (PES) programs. However, the hypothetical markets for contingent valuation and respondents’ unfamiliarity with certain ecosystem services may increase their preference uncertainty, which may increase variance and even cause bias in WTP estimates. Taking advantage of a unique stated preference data set that includes a follow-up question rating the respondent’s certainty level, this study evaluates alternative methods of modeling certainty-adjusted WTP for cleaner lakes and abated global warming. Results suggest that the incorporation of self-reported uncertainty into binary...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Willingness to Pay; Preference Uncertainty; Numerical certainty scale; Ecosystem services; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103734

Why Farmers Opt Not to Enroll in Payment-for-Environmental-Services Programs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ma,   Shan; Swinton,   Scott M.; Lupi,   Frank; Jolejole,   Christina B.
Payment-for-environmental-services (PES) programs are the focus of increasing attention globally. While existing PES programs can observe who participates and who does not, the reasons for nonparticipation can be opaque. Taking advantage of a unique stated preference data set that includes a follow-up question on conditions for participation, this study differentiates two types of non-participants, those deterred by insufficient payments, and those deterred by fundamental incompatibility with the farm operation. Survey weighted and spatially weighted probit models are applied to examine the determinants of farmers’ willingness to enroll in PES programs and their willingness to consider enrollment at the same or a high payment. Results suggest the decision...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Payment-for-environmental-services; Agricultural policy; Non-participation; Working land; Stated preference; Spatial probit; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics; Q18; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61392

Consumer Attitudes towards Sustainability Attributes on Food Labels
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tait,   Peter R.; Miller,   Sini; Abell,   Walter L.; Kaye-Blake,   William; Guenther,   Meike; Saunders,   Caroline M.
Concerns about climate change and the general status of the environment have increased expectation that food products have sustainability credentials, and that these can be verified. There are significant and increasing pressures in key export markets for information on Greenhouse gas (GHG) intensity of products throughout its life-cycle. How this information is conveyed to consumers is a key issue. Labelling is a common method of communicating certain product attributes to consumers that may influence their choices. In a choice experiment concerning fruit purchase decisions, this study estimates willingness to pay for sustainability attributes by consumers in Japan and the UK. The role of label presentation format is investigated: text only, text and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Willingness to pay; Choice experiment; Food labelling; Sustainability; Cross-country comparison; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q18; Q51; Q56.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100716

The Impact of Shale Exploration on Housing Values in Pennsylvania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Klaiber,   H. Allen; Gopalakrishnan,   Sathya.
Horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing processes to extract shale gas have raised concerns among local residents over the safety of these new drilling techniques.  To assess whether potential negative externalities associated with shale gas exploration are capitalized into surrounding homeowners property values, we estimate a hedonic model combining data on 3,464 housing sales occurring between 2008 and 2010 in a suburban/rural county south of Pittsburgh, PA which experienced large numbers of new horizontal Marcellus wells beginning in late 2008. Using hedonic methods, we find a negative and significant impact to households in close proximity both spatially and temporally to this activity.  Further we find that this negative impact disproportionately...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Shale gas; Housing values; Risk perceptions; Hedonic; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q51; Q52; R21.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124368

The Value of Reducing Cancer Risks at Contaminated Sites: Are More Heavily Exposed People Willing to Pay More?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tonin,   Stefania; Alberini,   Anna; Turvani,   Margherita.
We use conjoint choice questions to investigate people’s tastes for cancer risk reductions and income in the context of public programs that would provide for remediation at abandoned industrial contaminated sites. Our survey was self-administered using the computer by persons living in the vicinity of an important contaminated site on the Italian National Priority List. The value of a prevented case of cancer is €2.6 million, but this figure does vary with income, perceived exposure to contaminants, and opinions about priorities that should be pursued by cleanup programs.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Value of a Statistical Case of Cancer; Conjoint Choice Experiments; Contaminated Sites; Abandoned Sites; Reuse; Remediation; Health Economics and Policy; J17; I18; K32; Q51; Q53.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52548

Dynamic Optimization of Nitrogen Use in Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burnett,   J. Wesley; Ferrer,   Myra Clarisse R.
Agricultural production is highly dependent on inorganic substances including fertilizers. High-yielding crop varieties, such as corn, require large amounts of primary nutrients including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Farmers often add a surplus of nutrients to crops to maximize yields. Utilization of primary nutrients has increased by more than 300% while that of nitrogen alone has increased by more than 600% between 1960 and 2007 (USDA, 2009). From 1964 to 2007, the use of nitrogen in the corn sector alone increased from 1,623,000 to 5,714,000 nutrient tons (USDA, 2009).             While increasing production, increased fertilizer use can potentially create negative externalities in the form of nitrate-nitrogen contamination in groundwater....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics; Nitrogen/Nitrate Contamination; Dynamic Optimization; Agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; C61; C63; Q10; Q51; Q53.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96032

Reducing Bias from Choice Experiments Estimates in the Demand for Recreation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Longo,   Alberto; Rowan,   Emma; Hutchinson,   W. George.
In valuing the demand for recreation, the literature has grown from using revealed preference methods to applying stated preference methods, namely contingent valuation and choice modelling. Recent attempts have merged revealed and stated preference data to exploit the strengths of both sources of data. We use contingent behaviour and choice experiments data to show that, with choice experiments exercises, when respondents are asked to choose which improvement programme they prefer for a site with recreational opportunities, failing to consider the information explaining the number of visits that respondents intend to take to a recreational site under each hypothetical programme leads to biased coefficients estimates in the models for the choice...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Travel cost; Contingent behaviour; Choice experiments; Revealed preferences; Stated preferences; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; Q26.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91827

Precaution and Protectionism: 'Likeness' and GM Food at the WTO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rigby,   Dan; Burton,   Michael P.; Young,   Trevor.
The dispute between the US and EU over GM foods at the WTO is examined in terms of the issues it raises about protectionism, environmental protection and precaution. The issue of whether GM, GM Derived and Non-GM foods are equivalent to each other is examined using data from a national choice modelling study in the UK. These categories of food are critical since they underpin the EU's new food labelling regime which it hoped would defuse the WTO dispute. The results are analysed using a Bayesian mixed logit model which allows greater flexibility in the modelling of preference distributions than that allowed through classical estimation. The Bayesian approach allows the use of censored normal and Johnson's SB distributions which can accommodate a bounded...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: GM food; Mixed logit; WTP; Bayesian; WTO; International Relations/Trade; Q51; Q55; Q56; Q58.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25503

What Are Ecosystem Services? The Need for Standardized Environmental Accounting Units
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boyd,   James; Banzhaf,   H. Spencer.
This paper advocates consistently defined units of account to measure the contributions of nature to human welfare. We argue that such units have to date not been defined by environmental accounting advocates and that the term "ecosystem services" is too ad hoc to be of practical use in welfare accounting. We propose a definition, rooted in economic principles, of ecosystem service units. A goal of these units is comparability with the definition of conventional goods and services found in GDP and the other national accounts. We illustrate our definition of ecological units of account with concrete examples. We also argue that these same units of account provide an architecture for environmental performance measurement by governments, conservancies, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental accounting; Ecosystem services; Index theory; Nonmarket valuation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; Q57; Q58; D6.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10586

Inducing Strategic Bias: and its implications for Choice Modelling design
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burton,   Michael P.
It has been suggested that the nature of the task within a multi-attribute multi-alternative choice experiment may be sufficiently complex to make it difficult for individuals to develop response strategies to strategically bias their answers. This experiment tested that hypothesis by setting experimental conditions that provide incentives for strategic bias. By changing design parameters one can investigate whether the strategic bias can be reduced. The answer is effectively no: under most circumstances, respondents could find a strategy that achieved significant bias in inferred preferences. The circumstances where this did not occur (involving ranking alternatives, rather than selecting a single preferred alternative) the inferred preferences reflected...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Strategic bias; Choice modeling; Complexity; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q51; C91.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95062

Determining the change in welfare estimates from introducing measurement error in non-linear choice models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gibson,   Fiona L.; Burton,   Michael P.
Observed and unobserved characteristics of an individual are often used by researchers to explain choices over the provision of environmental goods. One means for identifying what is typically an unobserved characteristic, such as an attitude, is through some data reduction technique, such as factor analysis. However, the resultant variable represents the true attitude with measurement error, and hence, when included into a non-linear choice model, introduces bias in the model. There are well established methods to overcome this issue, which are seldom implemented. In an application to preferences over two water source alternatives for Perth in Western Australia, we use structural equation modeling within a discrete choice model to determine whether...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Attitudes; Structural equation modeling; Recycled water; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q51; Q53; C13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103428

Core Issues in the Economics of Biodiversity Conservation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Critically reviews the following core issues in the economics of biodiversity conservation: reliance on the stated preferences of individuals as a guide to biodiversity conservation, the relevance of the phylogenetic similarity principle (and other attributes of organisms) for the survival of species; the implications of the Noah’s ark problem for selecting features of biodiversity to be saved and the difficulties raised by criteria based on safe minimum populations of species or on minimum environmental standards; the extent to which the precautionary principle can be rationally used to support the conservation of biodiversity; the impact of market extensions and globalization, as well as market and other institutional failures, on biodiversity loss; the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Economic valuation; Intergenerational equity; Phylogenetic similarity principle; Precautionary principle; Sustainable development.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q5; Q51; Q56; Q57.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92772

Análisis del impacto medioambiental derivado de las actividades económicas. Aplicación a una economía regional
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Flores,   Monica; Mainar,   Alfredo J.
The goal of this paper is to analyse the households’ environmental impact in a regional economy, including the household direct impact as well as the impact associated with the production of goods and services of the household demand. Moreover, per capita ecological impacts for each household category according to income level are obtained. We focus on water consumption, and water and atmospheric pollution. The framework is based on a regional SAMEA (Social Accounting Matrix and Environmental Accounts), and vertically integrated environmental indicators using the Leontief model. An application is carried out for the Aragon case.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; C67; D57; Q51; Q53; R15; R30.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99093

Estimating Amenity Values: Will It Improve Farmland Preservation Policy?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duke,   Joshua M.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Land Use; Conservation; Conservation Easements; Stated Preference; Land Economics/Use; Q18; Q28; Q51; Q58.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94682

Using Farm Sales as a Means Test for Receiving Direct Payments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ray,   Daryll E.; Schaffer,   Harwood D.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Q18; Q17; Q15; Q51.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93680

MONITORING CHOICE TASK ATTRIBUTE ATTENDANCE IN NON-MARKET VALUATION OF MULTIPLE PARK MANAGEMENT SERVICES: DOES IT MATTER?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Scarpa,   Riccardo; Thiene,   Mara; Hensher,   David A.
Land management in Alpine Parks provides multifunctional services to separate groups of users. Choice experiments can be used to derive estimates of value for different management attributes. However, little research has been conducted on how frequently respondents ignore attributes used to describe policy management scenarios. We fill this gap using an approach that identifies and compares both serial and choice-task attribute non-attendance addressing five different visitor types. Our results indicate that accounting for choice-task non-attendance significantly improves model fit and yield estimates of marginal WTP with a more plausible pattern of signs and greater efficiency.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Multifunctional land management; Nonmarket valuation; Choice experiments; Preference heterogeneity; Random utility model; Attribute processing rules.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C25; H41; Q26; Q51.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50830

The Role of Participation in CVM Survey Design: Evidence from a Tap Water Improvement Program in Northern Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahlheim,   Michael; Fror,   Oliver; Sinphurmsukskul,   Nopasom.
In the environmental economics literature results from contingent valuation mail surveys (MS) are usually considered less reliable than results from face-to-face surveys (FtF). This is mostly due to low response rates and self-selection effects of the respondents. However, MS are much less costly than FtF surveys so that there exists a strong need to make MS more reliable in order to save costs for environmental policy makers. This paper proposes a participatory procedure of survey design in order to improve MS questionnaires. In an empirical study of water quality improvement it is demonstrated that this procedure yields results identical to those of a FtF survey. In contrast to focus groups commonly applied in contingent valuation, we are able to show...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Water quality improvement; Participatory techniques; Mail surveys; Elicitation question formats; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D6; H4; L3; Q25; Q51.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25692

Carbon Sequestration with Reforestations and Biodiversity-Scenic Values
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caparros,   Alejandro; Cerda,   Emilio; Ovando,   P.; Campos,   Pablo.
This paper presents an optimal control model to analyze reforestations with two different species, including commercial values, carbon sequestration and biodiversity or scenic values. We solve the model qualitatively with general functions and discuss the implications of partial or total internalization of environmental values, showing that internalizing only carbon sequestration may have negative impacts on biodiversity-scenic values. To evaluate the practical relevance, we compare reforestations in the South-west of Spain with cork-oaks (a slow growing native species) and with eucalyptus (a fast growing alien species). We do the analysis with two different carbon crediting methods: the Carbon Flow Method and the Ton Year Accounting Method. With the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Optimal Control; Forests; Carbon; Sequestration; Biodiversity; Scenic; Stated Preferences; Carbon Accounting; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q26; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9323

Combining mixed logit models and random effects models to identify the determinants of willingness to pay for rural landscape improvements
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Campbell,   Danny.
This paper reports the findings from a discrete choice experiment study designed to estimate the economic benefits associated with rural landscape improvements in Ireland. Using a mixed logit model, the panel nature of the dataset is exploited to retrieve willingness to pay values for every individual in the sample. This departs from customary approaches in which the willingness to pay estimates are normally expressed as measures of central tendency of an a priori distribution. In a different vein from analysis conducted in previous discrete choice experiment studies, this paper uses random effects models for panel data to identify the determinants of the individual-specific willingness to pay estimates. In comparison with the standard methods used to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agri-environment; Discrete choice experiments; Mixed logit; Panel data; Random effects; Willingness to pay; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; C33; C35; Q24; Q51.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7975

An Economic Assessment of the Amenity Benefits Associated with Alternative Coastal Protection Options
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Christie,   Mike; Colman,   Oliver.
Current government guidelines for the appraisal of coastal defence projects in the UK do not require that non-market amenity benefits to be considered . However, a new option in coastal defence, namely multi-purpose reefs, provides an opportunity to integrate coastal defence with significant amenity provision. This paper reports the findings of a choice experiment study that evaluated the amenity benefits of four alternative coastal defence systems currently being considered for Borth in west Wales. The results indicate that traditional coastal defence options such as timber and rock groynes do not generate amenity benefits, while a multipurpose reef would generate significant benefits in terms of improvements in the visual appeal of the beach, safer...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Choice experiments; Amenity value; Coastal defence; Multi-purpose reef; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q26; Q51; Q58.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25541

An Economic Assessment of the Impacts of the MOSE Barriers on Venice Port Activities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vergano,   Lucia; Umgiesser,   Georg; Nunes,   Paulo A.L.D.
Due to its hydro-geological features, the lagoon of Venice is especially vulnerable to climate change. In particular, it is strongly affected by gradual global warming that brings about the so-called ‘acqua alta’ (high water) phenomenon with greater frequency and intensity. In order to protect the city of Venice from the more and more frequent phenomenon of flooding, some protective measures have been adopted. Among them, the system of mobile barriers commonly known as MOSE: however, by separating the lagoon from the Adriatic Sea, it interferes with ship traffic and has negative impacts on port activities. Against this background, the aim of the present work is to provide an estimate of the direct costs of ship traffic interruption due to the functioning...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; ‘Acqua Alta’; MOSE; Ship Traffic; Direct Costs; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59474

Reimagining Farms as Managed Ecosystems
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Swinton,   Scott M.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem Services; Managed Ecosystems; Payment for Environmental Services; Multidisciplinary Research; Nonmarket Valuation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q57; Q51; Q12.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94650

Public greenspace and life satisfaction in urban Australia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ambrey,   Christopher L.; Fleming,   Christopher M.
This paper examines the influence of public greenspace on the life satisfaction of residents of Australia’s capital cities. A positive relationship is found between the percentage of public greenspace in a resident’s local area and their self-reported life satisfaction. On average, it is found that a resident has an implicit willingness-to-pay of $1,168 in annual household income for a one per cent (143m2) increase in public greenspace. The relationship between public greenspace and life satisfaction however, is non-linear. Additional results suggest that the value of greenspace increases with population density and that lone parents, the less educated and those living in high rise dwellings benefit to a greater extent from the provision of public...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Happiness; Household; Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA); Geographic Information Systems (GIS); Greenspace; Life Satisfaction; Non-market Valuation.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C21; Q51; R20.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124302

Valuing Farmland Protection with Choice Experiments That Incorporate Preference Heterogeneity: Does Policy Guidance Depend On the Econometric Fine Print?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnston,   Robert J.; Bergstrom,   John C.
Although mixed logit models are common in stated preference applications, resulting welfare estimates can be sensitive to minor changes in specification. This can be of critical relevance for policy and welfare analysis, particularly if policymakers are unaware of practical implications. Drawing from an application to agricultural conservation in Georgia, this paper quantifies the sensitivity of welfare estimates to common variations in mixed logit specification and assesses practical implications for policy guidance.  Results suggest that practitioners may wish to reevaluate modeling and reporting procedures to reflect the welfare and policy implications of common but often unnoticed variations in model specification.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Willingness to Pay; Conservation Easement; PACE; Mixed Logit; Stated Preference; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q24; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61140

Assessing farm sustainability. An application with the Italian FADN sample.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Povellato,   Andrea; Bodini,   Antonella; Longhitano,   Davide; Scardera,   Alfonso.
As policy makers, taxpayers and consumers are willing to know the actual contribution of farming to natural and social environment, sustainability and sustainable development arose as key issues in public debates. Sustainability is a multifaceted concept that includes environmental, economic and social objectives and policy makers need information to take effective decisions. Analysts should rank decisional units according to sustainability criteria and should offer to policy makers more and more insights on the different points of view behind the three dimensions of sustainability. Within the current FADN database sustainability indicators have been identified. In some cases estimations have been necessary and in some other cases thanks to allocation of...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainability farm index; FADN; Multi-criteria approach; Farm Management; Q51; Q56.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124381

Addressing the wicked problem of water resource management: An ecosystem services approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hearnshaw,   Edward J.S.; Tompkins,   Jean-Marie; Cullen,   Ross.
This paper develops a systematic assessment of the sustainability of ecosystem services provided by rivers impacted by water storage projects. Given the conflicting preferences amongst stakeholders and the incomplete, uncertain and contradictory understanding about river ecology it is recognized that managing water resources sustainably is a wicked problem. In order to address this wicked problem, the methods of multi-criteria analysis and graph analysis are applied, in accordance with integrated water resource management, to assess the potential of investing in water storage projects and explore for sustainable solutions through the construction of an ecosystem services index.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Ecosystem services index; Graph analysis; Integrated water resource management; Multi-criteria analysis; Sustainability; Wicked problems; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q27; Q51; Q58; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100556

Modelling heterogeneity in response behaviour towards a sequence of discrete choice questions: a probabilistic decision process model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McNair,   Ben J.; Heshner,   David A.; Bennett,   Jeffrey W.
There is a growing body of evidence in the non-market valuation literature suggesting that responses to a sequence of discrete choice questions tend to violate the assumptions typically made by analysts regarding independence of responses and stability of preferences. Decision processes (or heuristics) such as value learning and strategic misrepresentation have been offered as explanations for these results. While a few studies have tested these heuristics as competing hypotheses, none has investigated the possibility that each explains the response behaviour of a subgroup of the population. In this paper, we make a contribution towards addressing this research gap by presenting a probabilistic decision process model designed to estimate the proportion of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Choice experiment; Decision process; Ordering effects; Strategic response; Willingness to pay; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C25; L94; Q51.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100585

Effects of Great Barrier Reef Degradation on Recreational Demand: A Contingent Behaviour Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kragt,   Marit Ellen; Roebeling,   Peter C.; Ruijs,   Arjan.
Agricultural run-off from the Great Barrier Reef catchment area may cause degradation of coral reefs, affecting the tourism sector that relies on healthy reefs for its income generation. A Contingent Behaviour approach is used to determine the effect of reef degradation on demand for recreational dive and snorkel trips, for a case study of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) in Australia. We assessed how reef degradation affects GBR tourism and to what extent reef-trip demand depends on the visitors' socio-economic characteristics. A count data model is developed, and results indicate that an average visitor would undertake about 60% less trips to the GBR per year, given a combined 80%, 30% and 70% decrease in coral cover, coral diversity and fish diversity,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Coral reef; Recreation; Contingent Behaviour model; Count data models; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q26; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25753

Does the Cause of Death Matter? The Effect of Dread, Controllability, Exposure and Latency on the Vsl
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alberini,   Anna; Scasny,   Milan.
The Value of a Statistical Life is a key input into the calculation of the benefits of environmental policies that save lives. To date, the VSL used in environmental policy analyses has not been adjusted for age or the cause of death. Air pollution regulations, however, are linked to reductions in the risk of dying for cancer, heart disease, and respiratory illnesses, raising the question whether a single VSL should be applied for all of these causes of death. We conducted a conjoint choice experiment survey in Milan, Italy, to investigate this question. We find that the VSL increases with dread, exposure, the respondents’ assessments of the baseline risks, and experience with the specific risks being studied. The VSL is higher when the risk reduction is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: VSL; Conjoint Choice Experiments; Mortality Risk Reductions; Cost-benefit Analysis; Forced Choice Questions; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; I18; J17; K32; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98097

Land Preservation in British Columbia: An Empirical Analysis of the Factors Underlying Public Support and Willingness to Pay
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Androkovich,   Robert A.; Desjardins,   Ivan; Tarzwell,   Gordon; Tsogaris,   Peter.
This study extends previous empirical research on land preservation by considering an actual land preservation scheme, the agricultural land reserve in British Columbia, Canada. The reserve was established in 1973 to ensure that development did not occur on the province’s most productive agricultural land. ‘To ensure that local food production is maintained,’ ‘the economic importance of British Columbia’s agricultural sector,’ and ‘to protect the environment’ are the most important factors that underlie support for the reserve. Aggregate, provincewide willingness to pay to maintain the land reserve is substantial, with our most conservative estimate being Can$91.18 million per year.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Contingent; Land; Preservation; Valuation; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q24; Q28; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47273

What's Nature Done for You Lately: Measuring the Value of Ecosystem Services
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Polasky,   Stephen.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Ecological production function; Non-market valuation; Public goods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q57; Q20; Q51; Q15.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94654

Willingness to Pay for Biodiesel in Diesel Engines: A Stochastic Double Bounded Contingent Valuation Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jeanty,   Pierre Wilner; Haab,   Timothy C.; Hitzhusen,   Frederick J.
The double bounded dichotomous choice format has been proven to improve efficiency in contingent valuation models. However, this format has been criticized due to lack of behavioral and statistical consistencies between the first and the second responses. In this study a split sampling methodology was used to determine whether allowing respondents to express uncertainty in the follow-up question would alleviate such inconsistencies.  Results indicate that allowing respondents to express uncertainty in the follow-up question was effective at reducing both types of inconsistencies while efficiency gain is maintained.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Diesel; Environmental benefits; Contingent valuation; Willingness to pay; Double bounded model; And statistical and behavioral inconsistencies; Demand and Price Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; I18; L91; Q42; Q51; Q53.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9868

Valuing the Non-Market Impacts of Underground Coal Mining
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gillespie,   Robert; Kragt,   Marit Ellen.
This paper has been published in a peer-reviewed journal as:  Gillespie, R. &amp; M. E. Kragt (2012). "Accounting for nonmarket impacts in a benefit-cost analysis of underground coal mining in New South Wales, Australia."  Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 3(2): article 4.  DOI: 10.1515/2152-2812.1101
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Australia; Benefit cost analysis; Coal mining; Choice experiments; Natural resource management; Non-market valuation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D61; Q32; Q38; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98239

Land Use Issues: The Last Settler’s Syndrome
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Groothuis,   Peter A.
In the last settler’s syndrome, each new settler wants the area to remain as it was on their arrival. Newcomers’ preferences often differ from long-term residents, and conflicts arise. To explore land use issues among various groups, a survey of opinions on mountain views was developed and administered to Watauga County residents in western North Carolina. Watauga County provides an interesting case study, because it is a growing area with an influx of newcomers along with long-time residents. The results suggest that agreements can be achieved on some land use issues, whereas disagreements will arise on others.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Billboards; Contingent valuation; Land use; Scenic amenities; Wind energy; Farm Management; International Development; Land Economics/Use; R14; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90668

The effect of EU derogation strategies on the complying costs of the nitrate directive
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Van der Straeten,   Bart; Buysse,   Jeroen; Nolte,   Stephan; Lauwers,   Ludwig H.; Claeys,   Dakerlia; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido.
Within the framework of the nitrate directive, member states have the possibility to apply for derogation, i.e. increasing fertilization standards under certain conditions. Several EU regions have made use of this possibility but all in a different way. In 2009, 6 different derogation policies were worked out. This paper focuses on the differences between the applied policies and makes an assessment of the impact of these differences on the application rate of derogation, the manure surplus and the costs to allocate the manure. Based on the MP-MAS model described by Van der Straeten et al. (2010) the different scenarios are applied on a single case area (Flanders) and the economic effects have been simulated. Results show large differences between the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nitrate directive; MAS-model; Derogation; Flanders; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q18; Q51; Q52.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99426

Estimating the Value of Invasive Aquatic Plant Control:  A Bioeconomic Analysis of 13 Public Lakes in Florida
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adams,   Damian C.; Lee,   Donna J.
We present a bioeconomic model of three invasive aquatic plants (hydrilla, water hyacinth, and water lettuce) in 13 large Florida lakes, and simulate one-year and steady-state impacts of three control scenarios.  We estimate that the steady-state annual net benefit of invasive plant control is $59.95 million.  A one-year increase in control yields steady-state gains of $6.55 million per year, and a one-year lapse causes steady-state annual losses of $18.71 million.  This model shows that increased control of hydrilla, water hyacinth, and water lettuce is optimal.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Aquatic plants; Bioeconomics; Invasive species; Lakes; Maintenance control; Q57; Q26; Q28; Q51; Q25.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37139

The Survival of a Forest-dependent Species and the Economics of Intensity of Logging: A Note
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Analyses the economics of alternative land-use allocations for a forested area that ensure a targeted viable population of a forest-dependent species, such as the orangutan. The alternative of setting aside a sufficient fully protected portion of the forested area allowing the rest to be used for intensive forestry (or another intensive land use) in which the focal species is unable to survive is compared with that of fully protecting none of the forested area but allowing a sufficient portion of it to be lightly logged to ensure the survival of the targeted population of the focal species with the remainder of the land area (if any) being available for intensive use. The conditions for determining the least cost option (the one that minimizes profit...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Conservation of forest-dependent species; Forestry; Heavy versus light logging; Intensive versus extensive land use and conservation; Logging and conservation; Opportunity cost and species conservation; Orangutan conservation.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92773

Web-based surveys and sample frame bias in choice experiment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tait,   Peter R.; Bicknell,   Kathryn; Cullen,   Ross.
Researchers are seeking effective, low cost means of gathering high quality data. Technological advancements offer new avenues for achieving this objective.  Web based surveys are relatively common outside the economics discipline however  applied non-market valuation practitioners have been slow to adopt this modernisation in survey methodology. The non-random exclusion of individuals from the sample frame is often cited as a major problem with web-based surveying.  This paper presents a comparison of data from two choice experiment survey modes, traditional mail-and-return and web-based. The socio-demographic composition of the samples is significantly different for half the variables considered. Poe tests reveal that there are significant differences in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Web-based surveys; Sample frame bias; Choice experiment; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C83; Q51.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109594

Identifying Individual Discount Rates and Valuing Public Open Space with Stated Preference Models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kovacs,   Kent F.; Larson,   Douglas M.
An individual's rate of time preference is an important consideration for individuals deciding whether to support a public good since the benefits of a public good often come in the future. Our study finds individual discount rates from a contingent valuation method (CVM) question where the time frame of the payment schedule is varied across surveys. We find discount rates similar to the rates found in the recent revealed preference and experimental literature of around 30%. Our CVM question addresses the preservation of additional open space adjacent to a large regional park at the urban fringe of Portland, Oregon.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; H43; Q51; Q15.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9743

European Forests and Carbon Sequestration Services: An Economic Assessment of Climate Change Impacts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ding,   Helen; Nunes,   Paulo A.L.D.; Teelucksingh,   Sonja S.
This paper reports an original economic valuation of the impact of climate change on the provision of forest regulating services in Europe. To the authors’ knowledge the current paper represents the first systematic attempt to estimate human well-being losses with respect to changes in biodiversity and forest regulating services that are directly driven by climate change. First, selected 34 European countries are grouped by their latitude intervals to capture the differentiated regional effects of forests in response to climate change. Moreover, the future trends of forest areas and stocked carbon in 2050 are projected through the construction and simulation of global circulation models such as HADMC3 following four different future developing paths...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic Valuation; Forest Ecosystem; Carbon Sequestration; Climate Change Impacts; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59397

Testing Construct Validity of River Recreation Use Values: A Comparison of Direct Elicitation of Use Values to Use Values Inferred Indirectly from WTP for Total Economic Value
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Loomis,   John B.
Instream Flow, Colorado
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Instream flow; Recreation benefits; Total economic value; Colorado; Environmental Economics and Policy; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q26; Q51; Q25.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60410

Disentangling Access and View Amenities in Access-Restricted Coastal Residential Communities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morgan,   O. Ashton; Hamilton,   Stuart E.
In coastal communities with uniform flood risk, amenity value is comprised of two components – view and access. Having controlled for view, it is assumed that any residual amenity value represents the benefit derived from accessing the beach for leisure/recreational purposes. However, as properties closer to the beach typically have improved viewsheds, the two amenities are highly correlated, and disentangling view and access is problematical. A spatial autoregressive hedonic model captures ease of beach access via a network distance parameter that varies independently from property viewshed, collinearity effects are mitigated, and access and view can be disentangled.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Beach access; Property viewshed; Spatial hedonic model; Willingness to pay; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q51; R12; R21; R23.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104620

Quantifizierung „gesellschaftlich gewünschter, nicht marktgängiger Leistungen“ der  Landwirtschaft
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Plankl,   Reiner; Weingarten,   Peter; Nieberg,   Hiltrud; Zimmer,   Yelto; Isermeyer,   Folkhard; Krug,   Janina; Haxsen,   Gerhard.
Zusammenfassung: In den Diskussionen über die Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik nach 2013 nimmt die Honorierung nicht marktgängiger gesellschaftlicher Leistungen der Landwirtschaft eine zentrale Rolle ein. Unterschiedliche Ansichten bestehen darüber, was unter diesen Leistungen genau zu verstehen ist und wie sie quantifiziert und monetarisiert werden können. Die hierzu durchgeführte Auswertung von rund 80 Studien zeigt einerseits, dass in der Bevölkerung eine generelle Zahlungsbereitschaft für solche Leistungen besteht, und andererseits, dass die ausgewerteten Fallstudien nicht auf Deutschland hochgerechnet werden können. Die Leistung „Offenhaltung der Landschaft“ verursacht - wenn sie nicht als Koppelprodukt unentgeltlich anfällt - Kosten, deren Höhe in starkem...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Gesellschaftliche Leistungen der Landwirtschaft; Koppelprodukte; Zahlungsbereitschaft; Offenhaltung der Landschaft; Kosten für Umweltregulierung; Public goods provided by agriculture; By-product; Willingness to pay; Open landscape; Environmental regulation cost; Environmental Economics and Policy; Public Economics; Q01; Q51; Q56; Q57.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103256

Flood prone risk and amenity values: a spatial hedonic analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Samarasinghe,   Oshadhi; Sharp,   Basil M.H.
This study examines the impact of flood hazard zone location on residential property values. The study utilises data from over 2,000 private residential property sales occurred during 2006 in North Shore City, New Zealand. A spatial autoregressive hedonic model is developed to provide efficient estimates of the marginal effect of flood prone risks on property values. Our results suggest that a property located within a flood hazard zone sells for 4.3% less than an equivalent property located outside the flood hazard zone. Given the median house price, estimated discount associated with flood risks is approximately NZ$22,000.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Flood hazard; Spatial hedonic; Amenity value; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6013

Selective logging and the economics of conserving forest wildlife species e.g. orangutans
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Analyzes the economics of alternative allocations of forested land for uses (dominant-use vs. multiple use) to ensure the survival of a viable population of a forest-dependent species, e.g. the orangutan. The alternatives are (1) setting aside a sufficient fully protected portion of the forest and allowing the rest to be used for intensive logging and (2) fully protecting none of the forested area but allowing a sufficient portion of it to be lightly (selectively) logged to ensure the survival of the population of the focal species with the remaining land (if any) being available for intensive use.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Conserving of forest species; Forestry; Logging and conservation; Opportunity cost and conservation; Orangutans; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q23; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122725

The Benefits of Contaminated Site Cleanup Revisited: The Case of Naples and Caserta, Italy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alberini,   Anna; Scasny,   Milan; Guignet,   Dennis; Tonin,   Stefania.
Guerriero and Cairns (2009) recently estimate that contaminated sites and improper waste management result in 848 excess deaths per year in the provinces of Naples and Caserta in Southern Italy, 403 of which are fatal cancers. In the absence of estimates of the Value of a Prevented Fatality (VPF) in Italy or specific to the hazardous waste context, they use figures recommended by DG-Environment. Contrary to their claims, estimates of the VPF are available for Italy that are specific to the hazardous waste context, and for causes of death that have been linked to contaminated site exposures. We review them in this paper. We also produce new estimates of the cancer VPF using data from a recent survey conducted in Milan, Italy, in late November to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Value of a Prevented Fatality; Stated Preferences; Hazardous Waste Sites; Contaminated Sites; Cancer; Mortality Benefits; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Health Economics and Policy; I18; J17; K32; Q51; Q53.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92786

The sampling bias in multi-agent simulation models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Buysse,   Jeroen; Frija,   Aymen; Van der Straeten,   Bart; Nolte,   Stephan; Lauwers,   Ludwig H.; Claeys,   Dakerlia; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido.
For practical considerations, it is in some case impossible to simulate MAS models at population level. The current paper shows that MAS models applied to samples with heterogeneous costs of interactions between agents have biased results. Heterogeneous costs of interactions in MAS models can come from the spatial dimension in MAS models or from fixed costs per interaction. The paper presents two correction procedures to remove the sampling bias and to increase the reliability of the outcome. The correction procedures can be very promising for future applications of MAS models because it becomes possible to deploy more complex models without bias on more detailed datasets that are only available at sample level, which will be the case for country- or...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: MAS; Bias; Correction; Resampling; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q18; Q51; Q52.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99599

Evaluating the sustainability of impounded river systems and the cost-effectiveness of dam projects: An ecosystem services approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tompkins,   Jean-Marie; Hearnshaw,   Edward J.S.; Cullen,   Ross.
In recent times, there has been increasing demand in the Canterbury region of New Zealand for the abstraction of water from rivers. The impact of this demand has lead to unacceptable minimum river flows and has adversely affected river ecology. In an effort to resolve these issues dams have been constructed. To evaluate the impact of these dam projects on all river values, an ecosystem services approach is developed. This ecosystem services approach coupled with various evaluation methods are applied for the purposes of assessing the cost-effectiveness of the Opuha Dam and the sustainability of the Opihi river system now modified by the Opuha Dam. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of this dam project cost utility analysis is applied through the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cost utility analysis; Dam projects; Ecosystem services; Impounded river systems; Indicators and sustainability.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q27; Q51; Q58; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100720

Mapping preferences for the restoration of environmental damage caused by illegal dumping
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Campbell,   Danny; Sinclair,   Victoria.
In this paper we use a discrete choice experiment to elicit the economic benefits associated with restoring environmental damage caused by illegal dumping activities. Our study focuses on an extensive rural upland area close to Belfast, where illegal dumping activities are prevalent. Using a random parameters logit model to account for unobserved taste heterogeneity, we exploit the panel nature of the dataset to retrieve partworths, or willingness to pay (WTP) values, for every individual in the sample. We subsequently investigate the existence of spatial dependence of these estimates. As a means of benefit transfer, we also employ geostatistical methods to extend across the whole of the study area the WTP estimates derived from the collected data. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Discrete choice experiments; Environmental restoration; Geostatistical analysis; Random parameters logit; Spatial dependence; Illegal dumping; Willingness to pay; C25; Q51; Q53.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36772

Produzione del colza per fini energetici: impatto ambientale e metodo di coltivazione
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Palmieri,   Nadia; Forleo,   Maria Bonaventura; Suardi,   Alessandro; Coaloa,   Domenico; Pari,   Luigi.
A seguito dell’applicazione della riforma OCM zucchero, si sono avviati piani di riconversione della filiera bieticolo-saccarifera verso diverse filiere agroenergetiche. La colza è considerata tra le colture strategiche da utilizzare per la produzione di biodiesel. Tra gli studi di riconversione sta acquistando sempre maggiore importanza l’analisi della sostenibilità ambientale ed economica del processo di cambio d’uso del suolo. Obiettivo dello studio è condurre un’analisi dell’impatto ambientale della coltivazione di colza al fine di individuare il modello colturale meno impattante. L’analisi ambientale è condotta su cinque realtà rappresentative individuate mediante l’impiego della cluster analysis a partire da un campione di 251 appezzamenti coltivati...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bioeconomy; Life Cycle Assessment; Brassica napus; L; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q01; Q12; Q51.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124125

Some External Costs of Dairy Farming in Canterbury
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tait,   Peter R.; Cullen,   Ross.
Intensification of agricultural practices is occurring in Canterbury. Dairy farm conversions continue with land use increasing 132% since 1995. Current concerns emanate predominantly from issues of water quantity and quality, in particular the degradation of lowland streams. These and other costs are not transmitted through markets for dairy products, these negative externalities represent allocation and equity concerns for regional policy makers. This study canvassed regional policy administrators, assembled available valuation studies and performed rudimentary calculations based on reviewed New Zealand literature to form an estimate of the external costs of dairy farming in Canterbury.  External costs are estimated at $28.7 to $45 million annually. Using...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Negative externalities; Dairy farming; Valuation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109595

Essays on the Economics of Environmental Management and Green Reputation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Komarek,   Timothy M.
Many governments, firms, institutions and individuals have become increasingly cognizant of their impact on the environment, most notably with respect to global climate change. This coupled with a threat of future regulation and a desire for a ‘green’ image, among other reasons, has led firms and institutions to begin critically evaluating and managing their own “carbon footprint”. Effective programs to manage greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) benefit from understanding the preferences of the constituents the program intends to serve.  This study uses a survey at Michigan State University to examine the preferences of constituents (students, faculty and staff) for attributes of alternative greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction strategies. The first essay examines...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: 'Green' reputation; Pro-environmental behavior; Conjoint analysis; Climate change policy; Choice experiment; Institution; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q40; Q42; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98248

Assessing the impact of the EU Common Agricultural Policy pillar II support using micro-economic data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Buysse,   Jeroen; Verspecht,   Ann; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido.
The paper uses the case of Flemish investment support to make a quantitative analysis of pillar II support based on micro-economic data from the FADN and the administrative dataset of the investment support fund. A dynamic panel estimation quantifies the effect of support for settingup young farmers, structural investment support and support for investments on farm diversification, animal welfare or environmental investments.. The results show that investment support for farm diversification and structural support increase the total output and the income. Environmental investment support increase costs and decrease the farm income without a significant impact on output. The conclusion for the national debate is that the structural and the diversification...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pillar II; Investment support; Decoupled subsidies; Dynamic panel estimation; Flanders; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q18; Q51; Q52.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99596

Multicriteria analysis on effective financing of agri-environmental measures and conflicts between environmental objectives
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ziolkowska,   Jadwiga.
The main objective of the paper is to investigate effective financing scenarios for agri-environmental measures with regard to the environmental benefit, considering regional policy priorities. By means of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and a Linear Programming (LP) approach we conduct multicriteria analysis and investigate conflicts between environmental objectives as well as their influence on financing scenarios for agri-environmental measures. The analysis is based on an explorative case study conducted in Poland in the Subcarpathia region and on interviews with agricultural experts. The results show that the budget allocation for agri-environmental measures is considerably dependent on preferences given to environmental objectives within...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agri-environmental policy; Evaluation; Environmental protection; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; Q57; C61.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51338

Policy Options for Increasing Crop Productivity and Reducing Soil Nutrient Depletion and Poverty in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkonya,   Ephraim M.; Pender,   John L.; Kaizzi,   Crammer; Edward,   Kato; Mugarura,   Samuel.
This study was conducted with the main objective of determining the linkages between poverty and land management practices in Uganda. The study used the 2002/03 Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) and more focused data collected from a sub-sample of 851 households of the 2002/03 UNHS sample households. We found that farmers in Uganda deplete about 1.2 percent of the nutrient stock stored in the topsoil per year, which leads to a predicted 0.31 percent reduction in crop productivity. The value of replacing the depleted nutrients using the cheapest inorganic fertilizers is equivalent to about 20 percent of household income obtained from agricultural production. Econometric analysis of the survey results provides evidence of linkages between poverty and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Uganda; Land degradation; Soil nutrient depletion; Poverty; Crop productivity; Natural resource management; Land management; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q15; Q57; Q51.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59227

Intraindustry Trade and the Environment: Is There a Selection Effect?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aralas,   Sarma B.; Hoehn,   John P.
Replaced with revised version of paper 08/06/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environment; Trade; Monopolistic Competition; Selection effect; Environmental quality; Panel data; OECD; Pollution; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q56; Q51; Q53; Q58; F12; F18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61367

Does Economic Endogeneity of Site Facilities in Recreation Demand Models Lead to Statistical Endogeneity?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Min.
Random Utility Models of recreation demand are widely used to relate demand and value to the characteristics of recreation sites. Although some kinds of endogeneity problems have been studied in previous literature, no study has addressed the potential problem with site characteristics that are endogenously supplied. Some site characteristics, like facilities, could be endogenous in an economic sense due to the interplay of supply and demand. That is, more popular recreation sites tend to have better site characteristics since managers with limited budgets would be more willing to invest in them. If recreation site improvements are more likely to occur at the more popular sites, then this economic endogeneity might cause problems for econometric models...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Random Utility Maximization models; Facilities; Endogeneity; Monte Carlo simulations; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55808

A Joint Estimation Method to Combine Dichotomous Choice CVM Models with Count Data TCM Models Corrected for Truncation and Endogenous Stratification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gonzalez,   Juan Marcos; Loomis,   John B.; Gonzalez-Caban,   Armando.
We update the joint estimation of revealed and stated preference data of previously published research to allow for joint estimation of the Travel Cost Method (TCM) portion using count data models. The TCM estimation also corrects for truncation and endogenous stratification as well as overdispersion. The joint estimation allows for testing consistency of behavior between revealed and stated preference data rather than imposing it. We find little gain in estimation efficiency, but our joint estimation might make a significant improvement in estimation efficiency when the contingent valuation scenarios involve major changes in site quality not reflected in the TCM data.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation models; Joint estimation; Nonmarket valuation; Recreation; Travel cost models; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Productivity Analysis; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47207

A Multifunctional Comparison of Conventional versus Alternative Olive Systems in Spain by Using AHP
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parra-Lopez,   Carlos; Calatrava-Requena,   Javier.
Sustainability of agriculture is strongly related to the multifunctional role implicitly or explicitly recognized to it in the framework of the European Union CAP. This multifunctional role entails a multicriteria approach when assessing the performance and value for society of farming systems. Multicriteria assessment of agricultural systems is characterized by the existence of many criteria often conflicting among then, many stakeholders and decision-makers with competing interests, and lack of information. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a multicriteria methodology that allows dealing with these problems, in a relatively easy, flexible and economical manner, and therefore it is a potentially useful tool in this field, although its application with...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Organic farming; Integrated farming; Olive-growing systems; AHP; Multicriteria analysis.; Crop Production/Industries; Q50; Q57; Q51; Q56; C6.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25417

The Value of EU Agricultural Landscape
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pavel,   Ciaian; Gomez y Paloma,   Sergio.
The present paper provides a meta-analysis of agricultural landscape valuation studies and through the estimated benefit transfer function it projects the value of EU landscape. The analyses are based on information from more than thirty European and Non-European studies which use stated preference approach to uncover the society's willingness to pay (WTP) for landscape. Our calculations show that, the per hectare WTP in EU varies between 89 and 169 €/ha with an average value of 142 €/ha in 2009. Further the calculations indicate that the total value of EU landscape in 2009 is estimated to be in the range of €16.1 – 30.8 billion per year, with an average of €25.8 billion, representing around 7.5 percent of the total value of EU agricultural production and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Landscape; Benefit transfer; WTP; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Public Economics; Q51; Q41.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102727

Reclaimed Wastewater and the WTP to avoid Summer Water Restrictions: Incorporation Endogenous Free-riding Beliefs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dupont,   Diane P.
Climate change may cause more frequent seasonal water shortages. Water-scarce countries already use reclaimed household wastewater for subsequent uses that do not require potable water. Views on the degree of acceptability of reusing wastewater and a distrust of one’s water provider may deter countries like Canada and the United Kingdom from adopting these technologies. This paper reports on results from a 2009 Canadian Internet-based contingent valuation study. Two water management programs were presented: a program to reduce summer water use through water restrictions and a program to allow citizens to avoid summer water restrictions through the use of reclaimed household wastewater. The paper estimates the willingness-to-pay (WTP) for the second program...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water shortages; Reclaimed wastewater; WTP; Free riding beliefs; Endogeneity in discrete choice models; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q51; Q53.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108778

An Improved Method for Calibrating Purchase Intentions in Stated Preference Demand Models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Davies,   Stephen P.; Loomis,   John B.
The Orbit demand model allows the magnitude of the calibration to stated purchase intentions to vary based on the magnitude of the stated quantities. Using an empirical example of stated trips, we find that the extent of calibration varies substantially with less correction needed at small stated trips (–25%) but larger corrections at higher quantities of stated visits (–48%). We extend the Orbit model to calculate consumer surplus per stated trip of $26. Combining the calibrations in stated trips and value per trip, the Orbit model provides estimates of annual benefits from 60% to 111% less than the count data model.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Hypothetical bias; Orbit; Ordered probit model; Travel cost model; Recreation; Stated preference; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; D12; H44; Q26; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100521

Information and Wildlife Valuation: Experiments and Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.; Wilson,   Clevo.
An experiment involving 204 residents of Brisbane, Australia is outlined and the results are reported and analysed. Two consecutive surveys of the respondents provide data about their stated knowledge of 23 wildlife species present in tropical Australia, many of which exclusively occur there. In addition, these surveys provide data about the willingness of respondents to pay for the conservation of those species belonging to three taxa: reptiles, mammals, and birds. The respondents’ stated knowledge of the species is compared with their willingness to pay for species’ conservation, and relevant inferences are drawn. When the respondents’ knowledge of the species is experimentally increased in a balanced way, it is found to result in more dispersion...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Q51; Q57; Q58; Environmental Economics and Policy; Biodiversity; Contingent valuation; Endangered species; Environmental evaluation; Knowledge; Wildlife conservation.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51409

Using stated preferences to estimate the environmental benefits of using biodiesel fuel in diesel engines
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jeanty,   Pierre Wilner; Hitzhusen,   Frederick J.
Using biodiesel fuel to reduce emissions from diesel engines is an area of increasing interest. Many environmental benefits associated with biodiesel are not traded in markets and their estimation requires economic valuation methods applied to non-market goods and services. This paper presents the results of a contingent valuation survey conducted in 2006 in two Ohio regions to estimate willingness to pay for air pollution reduction arising from using biodiesel fuel in diesel engines. The double bounded parametric formulation was used to estimate mean WTP ranging from $157 to $457. These results yield estimated aggregate benefits ranging from $123 to $429 million and can be used as a starting point for cost-benefit analysis.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Diesel; Air pollution; Environmental benefits; Contingent valuation; Willingness to pay; Double bounded model; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; I18; L91; Q42; Q51; Q53.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48773

Modeling US Counties’ Innovation Capacity with a Focus on Natural Amenities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhu,   Erqian Julia; Kim,   Man-Keun; Harris,   Thomas R.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation Capacity; Natural Amenity; Community/Rural/Urban Development; O31; Q51.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103249

Incentive Compatible Mechanism Design for Stated Choice Surveys: A Multiple Alternative Choice Case
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Das,   Chhandita; Anderson,   Christopher M.
Paper removed by author 02/04/09.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Stated choice survey; Mechanism design; Public goods experiment; Demand and Price Analysis; C42; C72; C92; D02; H41; Q51.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9823

Effect of Ranchland Attributes on Recreational Hunting in Florida: A Hedonic Price Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shrestha,   Ram K.; Alavalapati,   Janaki R.R.
Recreational hunting has been an attractive enterprise for some ranchers who are interested in supplementing their income from cattle.  Ranchland attributes-such as parcel size, tree cover, and proximity to urban centers-are expected to influence hunters’ preferences and, thus, hunting lease payments.  We estimated the effects of these attributes on hunting revenues using a hedonic model.  The results reveal that trees and vegetation cover on ranchlands have a positive impact on hunting revenues, indicating opportunities for silvopasture practices.  Those ranchers in Florida who maintain about 22% trees and other vegetation cover receive $16.15 acre per year from hunting leases, but doubling the cover would generate only an additional $3.20 per acre per...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Hedonic model; Hunting lease; Land attributes; Silvopasture; Q23; Q24; Q26; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43475

Costs of Reducing Nutrient Losses in Denmark - Analyses of Different Regulation Systems and Cost Effective Measures
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacobsen,   Brian H.; Abildtrup,   Jens; Jensen,   Jorgen Dejgaard; Hasler,   Berit.
The economic calculations carried out prior to the Plan for the Aquatic Environment III included a comparison of regulation systems aimed at reducing nitrogen leaching, analyses of measures for reducing phosphorus losses and estimation of administrative costs. The conclusions were that taxation of the N-surplus introduced at the sector level was the most cost effective regulation when compared with administrative regulation and set a side. For phosphorus a balance between incoming and outgoing phosphorus is very costly as this requires that much slurry is transported from the western to the eastern part of Denmark. The final plan for the Aquatic Environment III from 2004 included a 13% reduction of N-leaching until 2015 based on cost effective...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cost-effectiveness; Cost of reducing nitrogen leaching; Phosphorus; Administrative costs; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q51; Q52; Q53.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24536

Assessing the potential for a payments for environmental services system in The Fond D'or Watershed, St. Lucia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pantin,   Dennis; Ramjattan,   Donna.
Bridgetown, Barbados 6th – 10th July, 2009
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: St. Lucia; Payment for Agricultural Services; Watershed Services; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q13; Q51; Q56; Q57.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122659

Consumer Preferences for U.S. Beef Products: A Meta Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yu,   Xiaohua; Gao,   Zhifeng.
By conducting a meta-analysis using 50 observations collected from 15 primary studies, we systematically analyze heterogeneities in consumer preferences for U.S. beef products and the results have valuable implications both from a policy perspective as well as from a methodological perspective. The main findings include that consumers in European and Asian countries are willing to pay less for U.S. beef products than those in North American countries and that the BSE incidence in the U.S. substantially damaged consumer preferences for U.S. beef products outside the U.S. but not in the U.S. The results with respect to methodological heterogeneities also indicate that choice experiments yield higher WTP values and that the sample size is negatively...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: U.S. beef; COOL; WTP; Meta analysis; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Q18; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61033

Beyond Economic Efficiency in Biodiversity Conservation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gatzweiler,   Franz W.; Volkmann,   Jorg.
This paper aims at explaining the importance of the democracy stance as compared to the efficiency stance in order to deal with complexity in biodiversity conservation. While the efficiency stance refers to the realm of relatively simple systems, individual rationality, and instrumental values, the complexity stance transcends these boundaries into the realm of complex systems, social rationality and intrinsic values. We argue that the task of biodiversity conservation is impossible to achieve in economically efficient ways, because (a) it is impossible to come to a (fully informed) complete account of all values, not only because it is costly but also because (b) moral values are involved which (by their nature) exclude themselves from being accounted...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Efficiency; Complexity; Values; Institutions; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; B52; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7704

Testing construct validity of verbal versus numerical measures of preference uncertainty in contingent valuation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akter,   Sonia; Bennett,   Jeffrey W.
The numerical certainty scale (NCS) and polychotomous choice (PC) methods are two widely used techniques for measuring preference uncertainty in contingent valuation (CV) studies. The NCS follows a numerical scale and the PC is based on a verbal scale. This report presents results of two experiments that use these preference uncertainty measurement techniques.   The first experiment was designed to compare and contrast the uncertainty scores obtained from the NCS and the PC method. The second experiment was conducted to test a preference uncertainty measurement scale that combines verbal expressions with numerical and graphical interpretations: a composite certainty scale (CCS). The construct validity of the certainty scores obtained from these three...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Preference uncertainty; Contingent valuation; Numerical certainty scale; Polychotomous choice method; Composite certainty scale; Climate change; Australia.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q51; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94942