Consulta: subjectFacets:"Safety"
Registros recuperados: 39
Data/hora: 04/06/2024 03:38:09

La certificación de la calidad del producto, una alternativa de competitividad y negociación para el sector agroalimentario.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Palacios Bautista, Elías.
La eliminación paulatina de los aranceles en la comercialización de los productos agroalimentarios, dio origen a nuevas disposiciones y a la utilización de las medidas no arancelarias (MNA), conocidas como obstáculos técnicos al comercio (OTC), es decir, las medidas sanitarias y fitosanitarias que restringen la importación y exportación de los productos que no cumplen con dichas regulaciones. Los OTC, responden a objetivos de política pública tales como: asegurar la salud, la seguridad y el bienestar de los consumidores, pero también pueden ser aplicados de manera tal que obstaculicen el comercio. El utilizar los OTC, involucra conceptos como calidad, inocuidad y certificación de productos, cuyo objetivo es evitar el brote de las Enfermedades Transmitidas...
Palavras-chave: Obstáculos técnicos al comercio; Medidas no arancelarias; Enfermedades transmitidas por los alimentos; Calidad; Inocuidad; Certificación; Estándares de certificación; Technical barriers to trade; Non-tariff measures; Foodborne diseases; Quality; Safety; Certification; Standard Certification; Economía; Maestría.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2245

Calidad del chile poblano, oportunidad de comercio para productores de San Matías Tlalancaleca y San Rafael Tlanalapa, Puebla.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Cruz Vargas, Alejandro.
En la Sierra Nevada del estado de Puebla, el cultivo de chile poblano (capsicum annuum) presenta un descenso en superficie sembrada, debido a precios bajos que resultan de la competencia con el chile proveniente de otros estados del país, y bajos rendimientos. El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en determinar si en la producción del picante la adopción de criterios de calidad alimentaria representa una oportunidad de mercado, y de aumento de ganancias, considerando a la industría restaurantera como nicho de mercado durante la temporada de chiles en nogada. Para ello, se realizó un estudio de caso con aplicación de entrevistas estructuradas a productores de San Matías Tlalancaleca, San Rafael Tlanalapa y a restauranteros del centro histórico de la capital...
Palavras-chave: Autenticidad; Chile poblano; Comercialización; Inocuidad; Rentabilidad; Authenticity; Marketing; Profitability; Safety; Estrategias para el Desarrollo Agrícola Regional; EDAR; Maestría.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1981

In vivo assessment of possible probiotic properties of Zymomonas mobilis in a Wistar rat model
Provedor de dados: 69
Autores: Azerêdo,Geíza Alves de; Stamford,Tânia Lúcia Montenegro; Souza,Evandro Leite de; Veras,Flávio Fonseca; Almeida,Edvaldo Rodrigues de; Araújo,Janete Magali de.
In recent years the incorporation of probiotic bacteria into foods has received increasing scientific interest for health promotion and disease prevention. The safety and probiotic properties of Zymomonas mobilis CP4 (UFPEDA-202) was studied in a Wistar rat model fed the 10(9) colony forming units (cfu)/mL-1 of the assayed strain for 30 days. No abnormal clinical signs were noted in the group receiving viable cells of Z. mobilis and water (control) during the period of the experiment. There were no significant difference (p &gt; 0.05) in feed intake and weight gain among mice fed the Z. mobilis in comparison to the control group. No bacteria were found in blood, liver and spleen of any animals. Mice receiving Z. mobilis showed significantly differences (p...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Health benefit; Safety; Zymomonas mobilis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582010000200003

Impacto do uso de óleos essenciais na qualidade microbiológica e sensorial da cenoura.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MACHADO, T. F.; GARRUTI, D. dos S.; SILVEIRA, M. R. S. da; VARELA, M. de S.; JESUS FILHO, C. A. de.
O risco de subprodutos indesejáveis &amp;#8203;&amp;#8203;da desinfecção com cloro em indústrias de produtos minimamente processados, juntamente com sua eficácia limitada, levou à busca de agentes alternativos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia dos óleos essenciais de capim-limão e alecrim-pimenta no controle da microflora natural de cenoura minimamente processada e, ao mesmo tempo, considerar seu impacto nas propriedades organolépticas do produto. Contudo, o uso de óleos essenciais de capim-limão e alecrim-pimenta resultou em cenouras minimamente processadas de baixa aceitabilidade, não sendo um tratamento recomendado nas concentrações testadas.
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Quality; Safety; Disinfection in fresh-cut industries; Daucus Carota; Cenoura; Qualidade; Segurança Alimentar; Daucus carota subsp. sativus.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1125690

La Mer : hommes - richesses - enjeux
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ifremer - Ena, -.
Chapters in Volume 1:    -  Law of the sea and international straits   - Trends in the French merchant fleet   - International shipping   - Safety and rescue at sea, the case of yachting   - Marine research and economic development   - The respective roles played at sea by the state and local authorities   - Social trends in populations linked to the sea: commercial seafarers   - Future perspectives for marine leisure activities   - French ports, outlook for the year 2000  Chapters in Volume 2:    - European organisation in terms of seafood   - The role of the sea in the development of the DOM/TOM (French overseas départements and territories)   - France's international policy and naval and maritime resources   - Naval strategies of the major powers   -...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Geopolitics; Seafood; Technologies; Scientific research; Marine leisure activities; Ports; Merchant fleet; Safety; Shipping; International policy; Europe; Economics; Politics; France; Sea; Ocean Mondial; Essai In Situ; Technologie; Recherche Scientifique; Port; Sauvetage; Plaisance; Securite; Transport Maritime; Commerce Maritime; Flotte; Droit De La Mer; Politique; Economie; Milieu Marin.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/rapport-1027.pdf

Risks of vaccination: a review
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Rashid,A; Rasheed,K; Asim,M; Hussain,A.
To be granted a product license, a vaccine must present adequate quality, safety and efficacy. Studies on these criteria often utilize target species in a laboratory setting. Vaccines that had been proven effective during laboratory analysis may not present the same features when sold on a large scale, after encountering field conditions, and furthermore, can even produce complications. Measures are already in place to detect adverse reactions as reported by veterinarians to manufacturers, so that vaccines under suspicion of failing can be identified and investigated. The present review article describes the main problems, specifically adverse reactions and lack of efficacy, that have been encountered following release of vaccines for general use.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vaccine; Quality; Safety; Efficacy; Adverse reactions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000100003

Quality assurance, safety and standardisation of value added fisheries products
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Akande, G.R.; Ayinla, O.A.; Olusola A.O.; Adeyemi, R.S.; Oramadike, C.E.; Babalola, A.F. et al.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Standardization; Fishery products; Quality assurance; Safety; Product quality.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5334

Pay-At-The-Pump Auto Insurance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Khazzoom,   J. Daniel.
PAY-AT-THE-PUMP is a proposal to replace the current insurance system of lump sum payments for automobile insurance by a mechanism whereby motorists pay for their insurance as they buy fuel for their vehicles. PAY-AT-THE-PUMP has several advantages. It reduces insurance cost and cross subsidies and enhances equity. It also benefits the environment, safety, balance of payments, and security. In this paper we study limited but very important issues in the theory and implementation of PAY-AT-THE-PUMP insurance. We address issues of efficiency, subsidy, equity, externalities, safety, insurance cost and cost of insuring the uninsured motorist under a PAY-AT-THE- PUMP regime. We use the insurance industry's criticisms of mandatory auto insurance as a lens...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Converting fixed to variable cost; Efficient pricing of auto insurance; Environmental benefit of Pay-at-the-Pump; Exposure risk; Insurance cost; Insurance externalities; Mandatory insurance; Safety; Uninsured motorist; Universal auto insurance; Risk and Uncertainty; L2; L9; M2; Q2; Q4; R4.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10906

Demand for livestock products in developing countries with a focus on quality and safety attributes: Evidence from case studies
Provedor de dados: 31
The case studies and the synthesis papers were presented at a mini-symposium at the International Association of Agricultural Economists conference held in Beijing, Peoples Republic of China, on 18–24 August 2009.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Demand; Livestock products; Quality; Safety; Developing countries; Consumer/Household Economics; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97973

Trust the Health Safety of Fruit - The Importance of Guarantees
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Markovina,   Jerko; Kovacic,   Damir; Radman,   Marija; Crep,   Robert.
Today there are many agricultural products in the market with different designations and certificates which are as a proof of product quality and adherence to health standards. However, consumers sometimes find it difficult to differentiate these certificates and they have variable degrees of trust for them. In this article we tried to determine the consumers' general degree of trust in food safety and in the health safety of the fruit offered in Croatia. A comparison is made between the trust degrees for domestic and imported fruit.  Consumers also expressed their opinion about the need for various certificates that guarantee the health safety of food products. In this respect, we also tried to determine the various degrees of trust for different...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Health; Safety; Trust; Fruit; Guarantee; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7775

Does Social Capital Create Trust? Evidence from a Community of Entrepreneurs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sabatini,   Fabio.
Which kind of social capital fosters the diffusion of development-oriented trust? This paper carries out an empirical investigation into the causal relationships connecting four types of social capital (i.e. bonding, bridging, linking, and corporate), and different forms of trust (knowledge-based trust, social trust, trust towards public services and political  institutions), in a community of entrepreneurs located in the Italian industrial district of the Tuscia. Our results suggest that the main factors fostering the diffusion of social trust among entrepreneurs are the perception that the local community is a safe place, and the establishment of corporate ties through professional associations. Trust in people is positively and significantly correlated...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trust; Social capital; Safety; Professional associations; Entrepreneurship; Corporate ties; Group and Interpersonal Processes; Social Perception and Cognition; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; J24; O15; Z13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52340

The New Food Safety Regime in the US: How Will it Affect Canadian Competitiveness
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nakuja,   Tekuni; Akhand,   M.; Hobbs,   Jill E.; Kerr,   William A.
The FSMA appears to be a major undertaking with a very large responsibility placed on the FDA. It would seem that bottlenecks to exporting are bound to appear which will be very frustrating for Canadian firms. It is important for Canadian firms and Canadian policy makers to work hard to ensure that temporary bottlenecks do not become permanent inhibitors of trade. The Canadian government needs to understand industry concerns and use any mechanisms – including those in the NAFTA – to initiate consultations with the US. Given the likely lags in implementation, North American food markets are likely to exhibit considerable disequilibrium over the near term. Trade flows will be affected. As the implementation programs of the FSMA become more transparent, more...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food; Safety; Competitiveness; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116852

Consumer preferences and demand for livestock products in urban Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Islam,   S.M. Fakhrul; Jabbar,   Mohammad A.
Also available in the ILRI Repository on Livestock Research at http://hdl.handle.net/10568/3009
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Demand; Quality; Safety; Livestock products; Bangladesh; Consumer/Household Economics; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97972

Megteremthető-e a globális élelmezésbiztonság?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kalman,   Zoltan.
Nem állt meg a negatív tendencia, a legfrissebb adatok szerint a világon az éhezők száma tovább növekszik. Egybehangzó vélemények szerint a fő élelmezésbiztonsági probléma nem a megtermelt élelmiszer hiánya, hanem annak nem megfelelő elosztása. Ivóvíz, valamint elegendő mennyiségű, biztonságos, megfelelő minőségű és tápanyag-összetételű élelmiszer biztosítása alapvető emberi jog a Föld minden lakója számára. Ennek megteremtése a jelen és jövő generációk számára napjaink egyik legnagyobb kihívása, amelyre megoldást találni nemcsak erkölcsi kötelesség, hanem elengedhetetlenül fontos a világ békéjének és biztonságának a megteremtéséhez is. A Világbank, az ENSZ szervezetek (FAO, IFAD, IFPRI, WFP) és az IFPRI helyzetértékelésében sok a hasonló vonás, mind az...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Kihívás; Éhezés; Élelmiszer; Elosztás; Biztonság; Challenge; Starving; Food; Distribution; Safety; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99132

Traceability and Assurance Protocols in the Global Food System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jones,   Eluned; Poghosyan,   Arsen; Gonzalez-Diaz,   Francisco; Bolotova,   Yuliya.
In the 21st century, the food supply chain has become a complex, interconnected system with strategies that are aimed at creating improved products to satisfy consumers' demand for safer foods. To stay competitive and ensure consumer confidence, agribusiness firms develop and implement strategies that take into account not only traditional economic factors driving the food demand, but also issues such as food safety and quality. Traceability and assurance protocols help agribusiness companies improve and refine their production processes, thus providing better control over, and transparency of, food quality and safety throughout the food supply chain. This paper reports on the empirical results of focus interviews conducted during the 2004 IAMA conference...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food; Safety; Quality; Traceability; Assurance; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8154

Are Standards Always Protectionist?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marette,   Stephan; Beghin,   John C.
We analyze the effects of a domestic standard that reduces an externality associated with the consumption of the good targeted by the standard, using a model in which foreign and domestic producers compete in the domestic good market. Producers can reduce expected damage associated with the externality by incurring a cost that varies by source of origin. Despite potential protectionism, the standard is useful in correcting the consumption externality in the domestic country. Protectionism occurs when the welfare-maximizing domestic standard is higher than the international standard maximizing welfare inclusive of foreign profits. The standard is actually anti-protectionist when foreign producers are much more efficient at addressing the externality than...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Externality; Nontariff barriers; Protectionism; Safety; Standard; Tariff equivalent; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10007

Disease Outbreaks and Agricultural Trade: The Case of Potatoes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Clark,   J. Stephen; Thibodeau,   David R.; Grant,   K. Gary; Prochazkova,   Katerina.
This study analyzed the impact of PVYn and potato wart disease outbreaks in PEI on the potato industry. These disease outbreaks resulted in the loss of the US seed export market to PEI producers. The effects of the disease outbreaks were mitigated through value-added processing. Price premiums for processed potatoes allowed PEI potato producers to abandon seed exports without incurring losses. Evidence is presented to suggest that other countries have also used this approach when export restrictions were placed on domestic agricultural industries. Policy response to the two disease outbreaks include: i) development of a zones policy that helped to reopen markets into the US; and ii) financial compensation to producers above the minimum levels required...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Disease; Trade; Potatoes; Canada; Food; Safety; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43464

PORK QUALITY AND THE ROLE OF MARKET ORGANIZATON
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martinez,   Stephen W.; Zering,   Kelly D.
This study addresses changes in the organization of the U.S. pork industry, most notably marketing contracts between packers and producers, by exploring their function in addressing pork quality concerns. A number of developments brought quality concerns to the forefront. These include health concerns and corresponding preferences for lean pork, a decline in other quality attributes, heightened concerns over food safety and related regulatory programs, and expansion into global markets. Organizational arrangements can facilitate industry efforts to address pork quality needs by reducing measuring costs, controlling quality attributes that are difficult to measure, facilitating adaptations to changing quality standards, and reducing transaction costs...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Contracts; Transaction costs; Measuring technology; Measuring costs; Pork; Quality; Leanness; Safety; Carcass pricing; Vertical integration; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33973

The Impact of Experience and Consumer Perceptions on Perceived Risk Reduction Behavior - The Case of Beef
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McCarthy,   Mary.
This research examines perceived risk at the facet level (Psychological, Social, Performance, Safety, Health and Financial) and assesses the influence of consumer experience and perception of self (perceived ability, interest in product and interest in cooking), product (perceived product consistency), and environment (perceived confidence in the independent butcher) on these facets. It can be concluded that the influence of experience and perceptions varies by facet. However, perceived ability, confidence in the independent butcher and interest in beef were significant determinants of perceived risk for most risk facets while cooking interest, perceived consistency and experience were more risk facet specific. In the second section of this paper the use...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Beef; Safety; Risk perceptions; Ireland; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24241

The Minimum Safety Standard, Consumers' Information, and Competition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marette,   Stephan.
This paper explores the effects of a standard influencing care choice. Firm(s) may increase the probability of offering safe products by incurring a cost. Under duopoly, they compete either in prices or in quantities. Under perfect information about safety for consumers, the selected standard that corrects a safety underinvestment is always compatible with competition. Safety overinvestment only emerges under competition in quantities and relatively low values of the cost. Under imperfect information about safety for consumers, the standard leads to a monopoly situation. However, for relatively large values of the cost, a standard cannot impede the market failure coming from the lack of information.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Information; Market structure; Safety; Standard; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18429

SAFETY OFPochonia chlamydosporia var. catenulata IN QUAILS
Provedor de dados: 101
Autores: García,Liseth; Bulnes,C; Melchor,G; Hidalgo,L; Figueredo,J; Vega,E; Marrero,E.
To obtain safe quality criteria for biological control agents, many tests have been developed. The aim of these studies was to determine the potentiality of Pochonia chlamydosporia var. catenulata to produce toxicity, infectivity or other organ/tissue damage in quails. Acute and toxicity/pathogenicity studies were performed by oral route. A maximum dose level of 6x10(6) units of the microbial pest control agent per bird treated was used. Mortality or clinical signs were not observed and no effects on body weight, haematology, microbiology and gross or microscopic pathology were detected. Thus clinical, microbiological and pathological results provided evidence for the safety properties of this fungus in quails.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Pochonia chlamydosporia var. catenulata; Toxicity/pathogenicity; Safety; Quails.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0253-570X2009000100008

Comparison between the efficiency of two bioindicators for determining surface water quality in an urban environment - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v33i3.7725
Provedor de dados: 3
Autores: Oliveira-Filho, Eduardo Cyrino; Embrapa Cerrados; Ramos, Marianni Gonçalves; Centro Universitário de Brasília - UniCEUB; Freire, Ingrid Souza; Centro Universitário de Brasília - UniCEUB; Muniz, Daphne Heloisa de Freitas; Embrapa Cerrados.
This study evaluated the efficiency of two bioindicators, fecal coliforms and ecotoxicity tests, set out in CONAMA Resolution 274/00 and CONAMA Resolution 357/05, in assessment of water quality. For this study, Lake Paranoá, Federal District of Brazil, was chosen, since it is a water body directly contaminated by effluents from a sewage treatment plant. Four sampling points were chosen in accordance with the map of recreational water quality published weekly by CAESB/DF, after analysis of fecal coliforms. Samples from these points were collected for 6 months and tested on Danio rerio fish (acute toxicity) and on the microcrustacean Ceriodaphnia dubia (acute and chronic toxicity), besides measuring chemical and physico-chemical parameters. The data obtained...
Palavras-chave: 2.00.00.00-6 water quality; Ecotoxicity tests; Fecal coliforms; Paranoá lake; Recreational water; Safety 2.00.00.00-6 water quality; Ecotoxicity tests; Fecal coliforms; Paranoá lake; Recreational water; Safety.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciBiolSci/article/view/7725

Pesticide risk perception and use of personal protective equipment among young and old cotton growers in northern Greece
Provedor de dados: 115
Autores: Damalas,Christos Asterios; Hashemi,Seyyed Mahmoud.
Conventionally grown cotton receives many pesticide treatments each year, but protective measures of growers during pesticide handling may vary considerably. A survey to cotton growers was conducted in northern Greece to study the perception risk to pesticide and the use of personal protective equipment in young (below 35 years old) and old (above 50 years old) growers. Both groups showed high acceptability about using pesticides, considering them necessary for high yield, product quality and pest management for cotton in Greece. Young growers revealed higher levels of risk perception due to adverse effects of pesticide on users' health than old growers, who felt that pesticides are safe if used according to the manufacturer's instructions and less...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Attitudes; Awareness; Beliefs; Health hazards; Safety.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1405-31952010000300010

Acute Toxicity and Cytotoxicity Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Spondias tuberosa Arruda Bark: Hematological, Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluation
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: BARBOSA,HUMBERTO M.; NASCIMENTO,JAILSON N. DO; ARAÚJO,THIAGO A.S.; DUARTE,FILIPE S.; ALBUQUERQUE,ULYSSES P.; VIEIRA,JEYMESSON R.C.; SANTANA,EDSON R.B. DE; YARA,RICARDO; LIMA,CLÁUDIA S.A.; GOMES,DAYANE A.; LIRA,EDUARDO C.
ABSTRACT Spondias tuberosa Arruda, popularly named as umbu, is native from savanna-like vegetation and widely used for medicinal purposes, however, the toxicological profile is not available yet. This study evaluated the phytochemical profile and acute toxicity and citoxicity of Ethanolic Extract of Spondias tuberosa Arruda Bark (EEStb) in hematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters. Female Wistar rats were divided into: control (C) and animal treated single doses of 300mg/Kg (EEStb300) or 2.000mg/kg body weight (ESStb2.000) of the EEStb. After 24 hours and 14 days from gavage, the behavior, hematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters were assayed. Cytotoxicity effect was evaluated on HEp-2 cell lines. Neither EEStb300 nor...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acute toxicity; Cytotoxicity; Phytomedicine; Safety; Spondias tuberosa Arruda; Toxicology.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652016000501993

A meta-analysis of efﬁcacy and safety of doripenem for treating bacterial infections
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Qu,Xiao-Yu; Hu,Ting-Ting; Zhou,Wei.
Objective: The aim of this article is to compare the efﬁcacy and safety of doripenem for bacterial infections.  Methods: We included six randomized clinical trials identiﬁed from PubMed and Embase up to July 31, 2014. The included trials compared efﬁcacy and safety of doripenem for complicated intra-abdominal infections, complicated urinary tract infection, nosocomial pneumonia, and acute biliary tract infection. The meta-analysis was carried on by the statistical software of Review Manager, version 5.2.  Results: Compared with empirical antimicrobial agents on overall treatment efﬁcacy, doripenem was associated with similar clinical and microbiological treatment success rates (for the clinical evaluable population, odds ratio [OR] = 1.26, 95% conﬁdence...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Doripenem Meta-analysis Efﬁcacy; Safety; Infection.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702015000200156

Top 10 evidence-based recommendations from the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases for the Choosing Wisely Project
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Pasqualotto,Alessandro C.; Almeida,Camila S.; Kliemann,Dimas A.; Barcellos,Guilherme B.; Queiroz-Telles,Flávio; Abdala,Edson; Resende,Mariangela; Batista,Filipe P.; Vidal,José E.; Rocha,Jaime; Raboni,Sonia M.; Cimerman,Sergio; Gales,Ana C.
ABSTRACT The Choosing Wisely Initiative aims to collect statements from medical societies all over the world on medical interventions that result in no benefit to patients, with the potential to cause harm. In this article we present the views of the Diagnostic Laboratory Group at the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases (SBI). Ten experts from SBI were asked to list 10 diagnostic tests that were perceived as unnecessary in the field of infectious diseases. After voting for the more relevant topics, a questionnaire was sent to all SBI members, in order to select for the most important items. A total of 482 votes were obtained, and the top 10 results are shown in this manuscript. The Choosing Wisely statements of SBI should facilitate clinical practice...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Choosing wisely; Quality; Safety; Infectious diseases; Microbiology; Diagnostic tests; Healthcare administration.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000500331

Immunogenicity and safety of Southern Hemisphere inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine: a Phase III, open-label study of adults in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Zerbini,Cristiano A.F.; Ribeiro dos Santos,Rodrigo; Jose Nunes,Maria; Soni,Jyoti; Li,Ping; Jain,Varsha K.; Ofori-Anyinam,Opokua.
Abstract The World Health Organization influenza forecast now includes an influenza B strain from each of the influenza B lineages (B/Yamagata and B/Victoria) for inclusion in seasonal influenza vaccines. Traditional trivalent influenza vaccines include an influenza B strain from one lineage, but because two influenza B lineages frequently co-circulate, the effectiveness of trivalent vaccines may be reduced in seasons of influenza B vaccine-mismatch. Thus, quadrivalent vaccines may potentially reduce the burden of influenza compared with trivalent vaccines.In this Phase III, open-label study, we assessed the immunogenicity and safety of Southern Hemisphere inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (Fluarix™ Tetra) in Brazilian adults (NCT02369341). The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Quadrivalent; Influenza; Vaccine; Immunogenicity; Safety; Brazil; Adults.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000100063

Peginterferon alfa-2a (40KD) (PEGASYS®) plus ribavirin (COPEGUS®) in retreatment of chronic hepatitis C patients, nonresponders and relapsers to previous conventional interferon plus ribavirin therapy
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Parise,E.; Cheinquer,H.; Crespo,D.; Meirelles,A.; Martinelli,A.; Sette,H.; Gallizi,J.; Silva,R.; Lacet,C.; Correa,E.; Cotrim,H.; Fonseca,J.; Paraná,R.; Spinelli,V.; Amorim,W.; Tatsch,F.; Pessoa,M.
Peginterferon alfa plus ribavirin is currently the treatment of choice for chronic hepatitis C. Peginterferon alfa-2a (40KD) plus ribavirin has given an overall sustained virological response of 18% in F3/F4 previous nonresponder US patients. We evaluated the effectiveness of peginterferon alfa-2a (40KD) plus ribavirin in Brazilian patients who were relapsers or nonresponders to previous interferon-based therapy. One-hundred-thirty-four patients with biopsy-proven chronic hepatitis C, HCV RNA positive, elevated ALT and who were either relapsers (n=37) or nonresponders (n=97) to at least 24 weeks of conventional interferon/ribavirin therapy were retreated with peginterferon alfa-2a (40KD) 180mg/qw and ribavirin 800mg bid for 48 weeks. Efficacy was assessed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Peginterferon alfa; Ribavirin; Hepatitis C; Safety; Efficacy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000100003

Recombinant vaccines and the development of new vaccine strategies
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Nascimento,I.P.; Leite,L.C.C.
Vaccines were initially developed on an empirical basis, relying mostly on attenuation or inactivation of pathogens. Advances in immunology, molecular biology, biochemistry, genomics, and proteomics have added new perspectives to the vaccinology field. The use of recombinant proteins allows the targeting of immune responses focused against few protective antigens. There are a variety of expression systems with different advantages, allowing the production of large quantities of proteins depending on the required characteristics. Live recombinant bacteria or viral vectors effectively stimulate the immune system as in natural infections and have intrinsic adjuvant properties. DNA vaccines, which consist of non-replicating plasmids, can induce strong...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Human vaccines; Vectors for immunization; Safety; Recombinant vaccines.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001200001

ADME studies and preliminary safety pharmacology of LDT5, a lead compound for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Noël,F.; Nascimento-Viana,J.B.; Romeiro,L.A.S.; Silva,R.O.; Lemes,L.F.N.; Oliveira,A.S.; Giorno,T.B.S.; Fernandes,P.D.; Silva,C.L.M.
This study aimed to estimate the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) properties and safety of LDT5, a lead compound for oral treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia that has previously been characterized as a multi-target antagonist of α1A-, α1D-adrenoceptors and 5-HT1A receptors. The preclinical characterization of this compound comprised the evaluation of its in vitro properties, including plasma, microsomal and hepatocytes stability, cytochrome P450 metabolism and inhibition, plasma protein binding, and permeability using MDCK-MDR1 cells. De-risking and preliminary safety pharmacology assays were performed through screening of 44 off-target receptors and in vivo tests in mice (rota-rod and single dose toxicity). LDT5 is stable in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Benign prostatic hyperplasia; ADME; Safety; Permeability; CYP; Preclinical development.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016001200603

Psychopharmacotherapy of panic disorder: 8-week randomized trial with clonazepam and paroxetine
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Nardi,A.E.; Valença,A.M.; Freire,R.C.; Mochcovitch,M.D.; Amrein,R.; Sardinha,A.; Levitan,M.N.; Nascimento,I.; de-Melo-Neto,V.L.; King,A.L.; de O. e Silva,A.C.; Veras,A.B.; Dias,G.P.; Soares-Filho,G.L.; da Costa,R.T.; Mezzasalma,M.A.; de Carvalho,M.R.; de Cerqueira,A.C.; Hallak,J.E.; Crippa,J.A.; Versiani,M.
The objective of the present randomized, open-label, naturalistic 8-week study was to compare the efficacy and safety of treatment with clonazepam (N = 63) and paroxetine (N = 57) in patients with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. Efficacy assessment included number of panic attacks and clinician ratings of the global severity of panic disorders with the clinical global impression (CGI) improvement (CGI-I) and CGI severity (CGI-S) scales. Most patients were females (69.8 and 68.4% in the clonazepam and paroxetine groups, respectively) and age (mean ± SD) was 35.9 ± 9.6 years for the clonazepam group and 33.7 ± 8.8 years for the paroxetine group. Treatment with clonazepam versus paroxetine resulted in fewer weekly panic attacks at week 4 (0.1 vs...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Paroxetine; Clonazepam; Panic disorder; Efficacy; Safety.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011000400015

Efficacy, safety, quality control, marketing and regulatory guidelines for herbal medicines (phytotherapeutic agents)
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Calixto,J.B.
This review highlights the current advances in knowledge about the safety, efficacy, quality control, marketing and regulatory aspects of botanical medicines. Phytotherapeutic agents are standardized herbal preparations consisting of complex mixtures of one or more plants which contain as active ingredients plant parts or plant material in the crude or processed state. A marked growth in the worldwide phytotherapeutic market has occurred over the last 15 years. For the European and USA markets alone, this will reach about $7 billion and $5 billion per annum, respectively, in 1999, and has thus attracted the interest of most large pharmaceutical companies. Insufficient data exist for most plants to guarantee their quality, efficacy and safety. The idea that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Herbal medicine; Efficacy; Safety; Quality control; Market; Regulatory guidelines.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000200004

Non-clinical studies in the process of new drug development - Part II: Good laboratory practice, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, safety and dose translation to clinical studies
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Andrade,E.L.; Bento,A.F.; Cavalli,J.; Oliveira,S.K.; Schwanke,R.C.; Siqueira,J.M.; Freitas,C.S.; Marcon,R.; Calixto,J.B.
The process of drug development involves non-clinical and clinical studies. Non-clinical studies are conducted using different protocols including animal studies, which mostly follow the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) regulations. During the early pre-clinical development process, also known as Go/No-Go decision, a drug candidate needs to pass through several steps, such as determination of drug availability (studies on pharmacokinetics), absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (ADME) and preliminary studies that aim to investigate the candidate safety including genotoxicity, mutagenicity, safety pharmacology and general toxicology. These preliminary studies generally do not need to comply with GLP regulations. These studies aim at...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Non-clinical studies; GLP studies; Safety; Pharmacokinetics; Toxicology.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016001200301

Preliminary in vitro assessment of the potential toxicity and antioxidant activity of Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hill) Ravenna (Paineira)
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Malheiros,Camila Krüger Cardoso; Silva,Joyce Sayonara Barbosa; Hofmann,Tânia Cristiane; Messina,Thiane Martins; Manfredini,Vanusa; Piccoli,Jacqueline da Costa Escobar; Faoro,Débora; Oliveira,Luís Flávio Souza; Machado,Michel Mansur; Farias,Fabiane Moreira.
ABSTRACT The bark tea of Ceiba speciosa, a tropical tree of the Malvaceae family, is used in the Northwestern Region of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, to reduce blood cholesterol levels. However, there are no scientific data on the efficacy and safety of this plant. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and toxic potential of bark extracts of C. speciosa. We performed a preliminary phytochemical analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and evaluated the oxidative damage to proteins and lipids, the radical scavenging effect, and genotoxicity of the lyophilized aqueous extract (LAECs) and the precipitate obtained from the raw ethanol extract (Cs1). The phytochemical proﬁle...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ceiba speciose/phytochemistry; Ceiba speciose/antioxidant activity; Phenolic content; Comet assay; DPPH scavenging capacity; Natural medicine; Safety.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502017000200616

Safety and tolerability of a single dose T0001 in Chinese healthy adult volunteers: a first-in-human ascending dose study
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Zhang,Tan; Zhang,Minjie; Zu,Li’an; Wang,Qian; Wang,Qi; Wang,Wei; Wang,Yitong; Zang,Yannan; Xie,Zhenwei; Chen,Shi; Wang,Mei; Zheng,Qingshan; Li,Zhanguo; Chen,Guihong; Fang,Yi.
T0001 is the first mutant of etanercept with a higher affinity to tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) than etanercept. In order to investigate the safety and tolerability of T0001, a study was carried out in healthy Chinese subjects. A first-in-human, dose escalation study was conducted in healthy Chinese subjects. Fifty-six subjects were divided into six dose cohorts (10 mg, 20 mg, 35 mg, 50 mg, 65 mg and 75 mg) to receive a single subcutaneous injection of T0001. Safety and tolerability assessment were based on the records of vital signs, physical examinations, clinical laboratory tests, 12-lead electrocardiograms and adverse events (AEs). All subjects were in good compliance and none withdraw due to AEs. No serious AEs occurred. A total of twenty-three AEs...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: T0001; TNF-α; Rheumatoid arthritis; Safety; Tolerability.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502020000100598

Use of Enzymatic Biosensors as Quality Indices: A Synopsis of Present and Future Trends in The Food Industry
Provedor de dados: 117
Autores: Serna Cock,Liliana; Zetty Arenas,Ana María; Ayala Aponte,Alfredo.
Biosensors are an important alternative in the food industry to ensure the quality and safety of products and process controls with effective, fast and economical methods. Their technology is based on a specific biological recognition element in combination with a transducer for signal processing. The use of enzymatic biosensor technology in food processing, quality control and on-line processes is promising compared to conventional analytical techniques, as it offers great advantages due to size, cost, specificity, fast response, precision and sensitivity. This article reviews the development and use of some enzyme biosensors in the food industry, describes the most important application areas and analyzes the current situation and future possibilities....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biosensors; Enzymes; Analysis in food; Safety; Quality; Control processes.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000200017

The development and validation of an ergonomics index for assessing tractor operator work place
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Barbieri,Juan Paulo; Schlosser,José Fernando; Farias,Marcelo Silveira de; Negri,Giácomo Müller; Oliveira,Luis Fernando Vargas de.
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to develop and validate an ergonomics index for the operator workplace assessment of agricultural tractors sold in the Brazilian market. To develop the ergonomics index, the operator work places were assessed for compliance with current, national and international, safety and ergonomics standards. The following standards were analyzed to develop ergonomics index: ISO 15077 (1996), which regulates the position of operator controls; ABNT NBR ISO 4254-1(2015) and ABNT NBR ISO 4252 (2011), which regulate the access to operator workplaces; and NR 12 (2010), which determines the mandatory items of operator workplaces.Thirty-four operator work places of 152 models of new agricultural tractors sold in the Brazilian market were analyzed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ergonomics; Safety; Operator controls; Access; Standards.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018000100352

Safety of the novel influenza viral vector Brucella abortus vaccine in pregnant heifers
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Tabynov,Kaissar; Ryskeldinova,Sholpan; Kydyrbayev,Zhailaubay; Sansyzbay,Abylai.
ABSTRACT: The present study provides the first information about the safety of a new influenza viral vector vaccine expressing the Brucella ribosomal protein L7/L12 or Omp16 containing the adjuvant Montanide Gel01 in pregnant heifers. Immunization of pregnant heifers was conducted via the conjunctival (n=10) or subcutaneous (n=10) route using cross prime and booster vaccination schedules at an interval of 28 days. The vector vaccine was evaluated in comparison with positive control groups vaccinated with B. abortus S19 (n=10) or B. abortus RB51 (n=10) and a negative (PBS+Montanide Gel01; n=10) control group. Clinical studies, thermometry, assessment of local reactogenicity and observation of abortion showed that the vector vaccine via the conjunctival or...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brucella abortus; Vaccine; Influenza viral vector; Safety; Pregnant heifer; Thermometry; Reactogenicity; Abortion.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782016000100114

Accidents involving specialized aircraft in agriculture aerial spraying
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Ravelli,Marcelo Boamorte; Zerbato,Cristiano; Oliveira,Mailson Freire de; Corrêa,Rafael de Graff.
ABSTRACT: The great challenge for the practice of agricultural aviation has been to avoid accidents. Although, there are technological progress and high resources for safety, accidents continue to occur. The objective of this research was to analyze the influence and occurrence of factors in agricultural aviation accidents in Brazil recently. Based on research and technical - scientific papers written by researchers and aviation authorities, recommendations directed towards reducing the risks associated with this aircraft modality are assessed. The main factors responsible for accidents are normally operational errors and maneuvers that cause flight collisions, engine failures and altitude loss. Professional awareness and qualification converge towards the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Specialized aviation; Agricultural aviation; Danger; Safety; Training.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000700356