Consulta: subjectFacets:"Social structure"
Registros recuperados: 9
Data/hora: 17/06/2024 13:05:18

Trust: the Critical Element for Successful Watershed Management
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Flitcroft, Rebecca; USDA Forest Service Research Lab ; becky.flitcroft@oregonstate.edu; Dedrick, Dana C; Long Tom Watershed Council Executive Director; coordinator@longtom.org; Smith, Courtland L; Department of Anthropology, Oregon State University; csmith@oregonstate.edu; Thieman, Cynthia A; Long Tom Watershed Council Restoration Director ; restoration@longtom.org; Bolte, John P; Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering; boltej@engr.orst.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Community; Management; ; Social structure; Watersheds.
Ano: 2010

Competing Structure, Competing Views: The Role of Formal and Informal Social Structures in Shaping Stakeholder Perceptions
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Prell, Christina; University of Sheffield; c.prell@sheffield.ac.uk; Reed, Mark; Aberdeen Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Centre for Planning and Environmental Management School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen ; m.reed@abdn.ac.uk; Racin, Liat; Department of Geography, King's College London ; Liat.Racin@kcl.ac.uk; Hubacek, Klaus; Department of Geography, University of Maryland; Hubacek@umd.edu.
What is social structure, and how does it influence the views and behaviors of land managers? In this paper, we unpack the term "social structure" in the context of current research on institutions, social networks, and their role(s) in resource management. We identify two different kinds of structure, formal and informal, and explore how these link to views of land management and management practice. Formal structures refer to intentionally designed organizations that arise out of larger institutional arrangements; informal ones refer to social networks, based on the communication contacts individuals possess. Our findings show significant correlations between respondents' views regarding land management and their social networks; it is these informal...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Formal organizations; Homophily; Institutions; Land management; Social networks; Social network analysis; Social structure; Stakeholder perceptions.
Ano: 2010

Understanding Complex Human Ecosystems: The Case of Ecotourism on Bonaire
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Abel, Thomas; National Taipei University; tabel@mail.ntpu.edu.tw.
It is suggested that ecotourism development on the island of Bonaire can be productively understood as a perturbation of a complex human ecosystem. Inputs associated with ecotourism have fueled transformations of the island ecology and sociocultural system. The results of this study indicate that Bonaire's social and economic hierarchy is approaching a new, stable systems state following a 50-yr transition begun by government and industry that stabilized with the appearance of ecotourism development and population growth. Ecotourism can be understood to have "filled in" the middle of the production hierarchy of Bonaire. Interpreted from this perspective, population growth has completed the transformation by expanding into production niches at smaller...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Bonaire; Complex systems; Cultural evolution; Ecological economics; Ecosystems; Emergy; Human demography; Political ecology; Social structure; Sociocultural systems; World systems.
Ano: 2003

Prediction of social structure and genetic relatedness in colonies of the facultative polygynous stingless bee Melipona bicolor (Hymenoptera, Apidae)
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Reis,Evelyze Pinheiro dos; Campos,Lucio Antonio de Oliveira; Tavares,Mara Garcia.
Stingless bee colonies typically consist of one single-mated mother queen and her worker offspring. The stingless bee Melipona bicolor (Hymenoptera: Apidae) shows facultative polygyny, which makes this species particularly suitable for testing theoretical expectations concerning social behavior. In this study, we investigated the social structure and genetic relatedness among workers from eight natural and six manipulated colonies of M. bicolor over a period of one year. The populations of M. bicolor contained monogynous and polygynous colonies. The estimated genetic relatedness among workers from monogynous and polygynous colonies was 0.75 ± 0.12 and 0.53 ± 0.16 (mean ± SEM), respectively. Although the parental genotypes had significant effects on genetic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Melipona; Microsatellites; Polygyny; Queen number; Social structure.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572011000200028

Relationship between individual and group learning in a marine teleost: A case study with sea bass under self-feeding conditions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Benhaim, David; Ferrari, Sebastien; Colchen, Tatiana; Chatain, Beatrice; Begout, Marie-laure.
Fish learning and cognition are usually approached by testing single individuals in various devices such as mazes that have serious drawbacks, especially in gregarious species, including the stress induced by the test procedure. This might impair the results and lead to misinterpretation about the learning abilities of the targeted species. In order to provide an alternative to the individual-based tests, we investigated for the first time the operant conditioning of four similar groups (50 individuals per tank) of sea bass. We used two computerized self-feeder devices per tank, each coupled with individual electronic identification and that were alternately activated during varying positive appetitive reinforcement period of time (7 to 1 day). Learning...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Operant conditioning; Group conditions; Social structure; Producer-scrounger; Personality traits; Positive reinforcement.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00380/49125/49665.pdf

Effect of fasting on self-feeding activity in juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Benhaim, David; Begout, Marie-laure; Pean, Samuel; Brisset, Blandine; Leguay, Didier; Chatain, Beatrice.
In various experiments under self-feeding conditions, sea bass groups could be divided into three categories regarding feeder actuation: high, low and zero-triggering fish. In all cases few high-triggering fish were responsible for a high percentage of the feed delivery. A question was raised about the role played by feeding motivation in such high-triggering status acquisition. It was approached by applying a 3-week fasting period in order to induce similar negative specific growth rate (SGR) in two groups of fish of similar mean weight but with either a low or a high coefficient of variation for weight (CVw)(T-low: CVw similar to 11%, 3 tanks of 60 fish each; T-high: CVw similar to 20%, 3 tanks of 60 fish each). These groups were created to test the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Personality; Plasticity; Feeding-behaviour; Self-feeder; Social structure.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00069/18004/15672.pdf

Self-feeding behaviour and personality traits in tilapia: a comparative study between Oreochromis niloticus and Sarotherodon melanotheron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Benhaim, David; Akian, Dieudonne; Ramos, Mathieu; Ferrari, Sebastien; Yao, Kouakou; Begout, Marie-laure.
Hybridization aims at combining valuable traits from two species into a single group. Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (NT) and Black-chinned tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron (BCT) are respectively characterized by fast growth and water salinity tolerance which attract the breeders who could take advantage of both species. The first step is to characterize both species behavior in different contexts. The aim of this study was to compare the self-feeding behaviour between NT and BCT with a design allowing to reveal individual and group feed demand behaviour and then to identify the individual specialization that builds around the device and the food dispenser. The second objective was to estimate the links between the individual specialization and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Boldness; Personality; Self-feeder; Individual specialization; Social structure.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00363/47419/47424.pdf

A case of infanticide in tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus nigritus)
Provedor de dados: 81
Autores: Izar,Patrícia; Ramos-da-Silva,Eduardo D.; de-Resende,Briseida D.; Ottoni,Eduardo B.
According to behavioural ecology, infanticide by males would be an adaptive reproductive strategy because it allows faster fertilization of the females and reduces investment in unrelated offspring. Critics of this view indicate the lack of evidence of the behaviour for several primate species, hence the relevance of reports of observed infanticide events. Here we report a case of infant killing in a free-ranging group of tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus nigritus).
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Infanticide; Male reproductive behaviour; Social structure.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-93832007000100009

Who are Controlling Community Forestry User Groups in Nepal? Scrutiny of Elite Theory
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yadav,   Bhagwan Dutta; Bigsby,   Hugh R.; MacDonald,   Ian.
Nepal has established community forestry institutions to manage natural resources at the local community level under the assumption that there will be better management than under Government agencies. However, community forestry has not been entirely successful as it has not addressed the needs of poor and marginalised groups. The main goal of this study is to examine how Nepalese social structure guides the structure of the Executive Committee (EC) of Community Forestry User Groups and in particular, whether the EC is dominated by elite groups that could in turn hinder the needs of poor and marginalised groups. This paper uses data from the middle hill district of Baglung, Nepal. Statistical analysis indicates that decision-making is dominated by the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social structure; Leadership; Caste; Community forestry; Decision making; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96666