Consulta: subjectFacets:"South Africa"
Registros recuperados: 102
Data/hora: 04/06/2024 10:38:03

Environmental Flows: Striking the Balance between Development and Resource Protection
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: King, Jackie; University of Cape Town; Jackie.King@uct.ac.za; Brown, Cate; Southern Waters Ecological Research and Consulting;.
Management of scarce water resources through the use of environmental flows, particularly in developing countries in data-poor arid areas, raises many scientific challenges. These include transforming hydrological data into an ecologically relevant format, providing quantified predictions of river responses to flow change, describing the impacts of river change on common-property users of the rivers, providing the information in a format that decision makers can use, and guiding monitoring and adaptive management. Each of these challenges emerged in South Africa during the last two decades, when rivers and other aquatic ecosystems were enhanced in stature from having no rights to their own water to being one of only two sectors with a right to water; the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Environmental flows; South Africa; Holistic approach; Biophysical change; River condition; Common-property use; Decision support system.
Ano: 2006

Urban Ecology in Cape Town: South African Comparisons and Reflections
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cilliers, Sarel S; North-West University (Potch); Sarel.Cilliers@nwu.ac.za; Siebert, Stefan J; North-West University (Potch); Stefan.Siebert@nwu.ac.za.
Little urban ecological research has been done in South Africa. The papers  in the Ecology and Society special feature  Urban Ecological and Social-Ecological Research in the City of Cape Town make, therefore, an important contribution to the development of urban ecology locally and globally. Different approaches have been used in the study of urban ecology of different urban areas in South Africa. Cape Town is situated in a biodiversity hotspot and is the only South African city which includes a national park. As a result the urban ecological studies were mainly driven by urban nature conservation concerns. In other cities such as Durban, open space planning and environmental management were the major issues which focused ecological studies on urban areas...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Urban ecology; South Africa; Urban nature conservation; Urban environmental management.
Ano: 2012

Wild Bird Movements and Avian Influenza Risk Mapping in Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cumming, Graeme S.; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Center of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; graeme.cumming@uct.ac.za; Hockey, Philip A. R.; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Center of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; phil.hockey@uct.ac.za; Bruinzeel, Leo W.; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Center of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; lbruinze@adu.uct.ac.za; Du Plessis, Morne A.; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Center of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; mornedup@vodamail.co.za.
Global analyses of the potential for avian influenza transmission by wild birds have ignored key characteristics of the southern African avifauna. Although southern Africa hosts a variety of migratory, Holarctic-breeding wading birds and shorebirds, the documented prevalence of avian influenza in these species is low. The primary natural carriers of influenza viruses in the northern hemisphere are the anatids, i.e., ducks. In contrast to Palearctic-breeding species, most southern African anatids do not undertake predictable annual migrations and do not follow migratory flyways. Here we present a simple, spatially explicit risk analysis for avian influenza transmission by wild ducks in southern Africa. We developed a risk value for each of 16 southern...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Anatidae; Avian influenza; Botswana; Ducks; Influenza; Landscape ecology; Namibia; Pathogen; South Africa; Virus; Waterfowl; Zimbabwe.
Ano: 2008

Selling Conservation? Scientific Legitimacy and the Commodification of Conservation Tourism
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cousins, Jenny A; School of Environment and Development, University of Manchester; Jenny.Cousins@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk; Evans, James; School of Environment and Development, University of Manchester; jp.evans@manchester.ac.uk; Sadler, Jon; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham; j.p.sadler@bham.ac.uk.
Conservation tourism is a rapidly growing subsector of ecotourism that engages paying volunteers as active participants in conservation projects. Once the preserve of charities, the sector now hosts a proliferation of private companies seeking to make money by selling international conservation work to tourists as a commodity. The commodification of conservation depends upon balancing the scientific legitimacy of projects against the need to offer desirable tourist experiences. Drawing on interviews with UK tour operators and their counterparts in South Africa who run the conservation projects, we explore the transnational geography of commercial conservation tourism, charting how scientific legitimacy is constructed and negotiated within the industry....
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Commodification; Conservation science; Conservation tourism; Scientific legitimacy; South Africa; United Kingdom.
Ano: 2009

Long-term, Ecosystem-Scale Changes in the Southern Benguela Marine Pelagic Social-Ecological System: Interaction of Natural and Human Drivers
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Jarre, Astrid; Marine Research Institute, University of Cape Town, South Africa; ajarre@gmail.com; Ragaller, Sven M.; Marine Research Institute, University of Cape Town, South Africa; sven.ragaller@gmail.com; Hutchings, Laurence; Marine Research Institute, University of Cape Town, South Africa; larry.hutchings@gmail.com.
South Africa's small pelagics fishery is currently the largest in volume and second largest in value in the southern Benguela. It exploits short-lived, small pelagic fishes such as anchovy (for reduction into fish meal and oil) and sardine (for reduction as well as human consumption through canned products), and to a lesser extent redeye round herring and mesopelagics, largely for reduction.  We explore the recent history (1940s to present) of the social-ecological system around this fishery. The natural subsystem, at the scales of the ocean environment and the ecosystem, is characterized by high interannual and documented decadal-scale variability. We characterize the human social subsystem at the scales of the fishing industry, legislation, and west...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Anchovy; Coastal communities; Inshore fishery; Marine social-ecological systems; Purse seining; Rock lobster; Small pelagic fishery; South Africa; Southern Benguela; Sardine.
Ano: 2013

Waypoints on a Journey of Discovery: Mental Models in Human-Environment Interactions
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Lynam, Timothy; CSIRO; Reflecting Society; tim.lynam@internode.on.net; Mathevet, Raphael; CNRS, UMR 5175 CEFE; Stockholm Resilience Centre; raphael.mathevet@cefe.cnrs.fr; Stone-Jovicich, Samantha; CSIRO; Samantha.Stone-Jovicich@csiro.au; Leitch, Anne; CSIRO; anne.leitch@csiro.ao; Jones, Nathalie; School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland; n.jones3@uq.edu.au; Ross, Helen; School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland; Helen.Ross@uq.edu.au; Du Toit, Derick; AWARD; derick@award.org.za; Pollard, Sharon; AWARD; sharon@award.org.za; Biggs, Harry; SANParks; biggs@sanparks.org; Perez, Pascal; University of Wollongong; pascal@uow.edu.au.
Although the broad concept of mental models is gaining currency as a way to explore the link between how people think and interact with their world, this concept is limited by a theoretical and practical understanding of how it can be applied in the study of human-environment relationships. Tools and processes are needed to be able to elicit and analyze mental models. Because mental models are not directly observable, it is also important to understand how the application of any tools and processes affects what is measured. Equally important are the needs to be clear on the intent of the elicitation and to design the methods and choose the settings accordingly. Through this special edition, we explore how mental models are elicited using two approaches...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: ARDI; Consensus analysis; France; Mental models; Social representations; South Africa; Water management.
Ano: 2012

Valuing the Provisioning Services of Wetlands: Contrasting a Rural Wetland in Lesotho with a Peri-Urban Wetland in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Lannas, Kathryn S. M.; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, University of Cape Town; ktlannas@gmail.com; Turpie, Jane K; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, University of Cape Town; jane.turpie@uct.ac.za.
Given that few studies have valued the provisioning services of temperate southern African wetlands, research on this topic was undertaken in a remote rural wetland, Letseng-la-Letsie, in Lesotho and a peri-urban wetland in Mfuleni, Cape Town. The objectives were to quantify incomes from wetland resources, assess the relative dependency of communities on wetland provisioning services, and estimate the total provisioning value of the wetlands. Data were collected from informal interviews and structured household surveys. Despite the different settings, both wetlands were used mainly for grazing livestock. The estimated total value added during 2007 from grazing was U.S. $180,078 for Letseng-la-Letsie and U.S. $540,286 for Mfuleni. Letseng-la-Letsie and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Wetlands; Provisioning services; Dependency; Livelihoods; Grazing; Lesotho; South Africa; Peri-urban areas.
Ano: 2009

Addressing Trade-offs: Experiences from Conservation and Development Initiatives in the Mkuze Wetlands, South Africa
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Dahlberg, Annika C.; Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University; annika.dahlberg@natgeo.su.se; Burlando, Catie; Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba; umburlac@cc.umanitoba.ca.
Present-day conservation policies generally include the aim to integrate biodiversity conservation and local development, and describe this as a win&amp;#8211;win solution that can satisfy all interests. This is challenged by research claiming that many efforts fail to match practice to rhetoric. South Africa has made strong commitments to fulfill the dual goals of conservation and development, and the iSimangaliso Wetland Park is promoted as an example of this. We explore present and potential outcomes of conservation and development interventions in a community bordering the Wetland Park through the perspective of different stakeholders, with the aim of uncovering opportunities and risks. In terms of improving local livelihoods as well as involvement in...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Integrated conservation and development; Mkuze wetlands; Natural resource management; Protected area; Rural livelihoods; South Africa; Trade-offs.
Ano: 2009

The politics of establishing catchment management agencies in South Africa: the case of the Breede-Overberg Catchment Management Agency
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Meissner, Richard; Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, South Africa; Centre for Water Resources Research, University of KwaZulu-Natal; RMeissner@csir.co.za; Funke, Nikki; Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, South Africa; nfunke@csir.co.za; Nortje, Karen; Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, South Africa; knortje@csir.co.za.
We reflect on the politics of establishing catchment management agencies in South Africa with a specific focus on the Breede-Overberg Catchment Management Agency (BOCMA), which was recently replaced by the Breede-Gouritz Catchment Management Agency (BGCMA). We do so by applying the framework of adaptive comanagement and its institutional prescriptions: collaboration, experimentation, and a bioregional approach. We start by introducing the history of this catchment management agency (CMA) and then describe the establishment of CMAs in South Africa in general and that of BOCMA in particular. We follow the framework for rule types and types of river basin organizations set out by the editors of this special feature with reference to adaptive comanagement...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive co-management; Breede-Gouritz Catchment Management Agency; Breede-Overberg Catchment Management Agency; Catchment management agency; River basin organization; South Africa.
Ano: 2016

Exploring the Role of Private Wildlife Ranching as a Conservation Tool in South Africa: Stakeholder Perspectives
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cousins, Jenny A; University of Manchester; Jenny.Cousins@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk; Sadler, Jon P; University of Birmingham;; Evans, James; University of Manchester;.
Rich in biological diversity, South Africa&amp;#8217;s natural habitats are internationally recognized as a conservation priority. Biodiversity loss continues, however, and limited scope to enlarge the state-protected areas, combined with funding shortages for public parks, means that conservationists are increasingly turning to private landowners for solutions. The recent boom in privately owned wildlife ranches in South Africa has the potential to contribute to conservation in South Africa. This paper explores the benefits, limitations, and challenges of private wildlife ranching as a tool for conservation in South Africa through interviews with key stakeholders working within conservation and wildlife ranching, and through case studies of threatened...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Conservation; Private wildlife ranches; Qualitative research; South Africa; Stakeholder views.
Ano: 2008

The Challenge of Regulating Private Wildlife Ranches for Conservation in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cousins, Jenny A.; School of Environment and Development, University of Manchester; jenny_cousins@hotmail.com; Sadler, Jon P.; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester;; Evans, James; School of Environment and Development, University of Manchester;.
We address the new attempts at regulating wildlife ranches on private land in South Africa.  Although positive conservation impacts can be attributed to private wildlife ranching, there are a number of ecological consequences that often arise as a result of economic priorities. We present and analyze new national regulations aimed at coordinating provincial legislation and guiding the wildlife industry in a more conservationist direction, and examine tensions that have arisen between different sociopolitical scales as a result. Data were obtained through a desk-based study of legal documents and interviews with key stakeholders. The new regulations begin to address international obligations and national policy on biodiversity conservation by potentially...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Conservation regulation; Private wildlife ranches; South Africa; Stakeholder views.
Ano: 2010

Using Participatory Scenario Planning to Identify Ecosystem Services in Changing Landscapes
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Malinga, Rebecka; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; rebecka.malinga@stockholmresilience.su.se; Gordon, Line J.; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; line.gordon@stockholmresilience.su.se; Lindborg, Regina; Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University; regina.lindborg@natgeo.su.se; Jewitt, Graham; Centre for Water Resources Research, Umgeni Water Chair of Water Resources Management, University of KwaZulu-Natal ; jewittg@ukzn.ac.za.
There is a growing interest in assessing ecosystem services to improve ecosystem management in landscapes containing a mix of different ecosystems. While methodologies for assessing ecosystem services are constantly improving, only little attention has been given to the identification of which ecosystem services to assess. Service selection is mostly based on current state of the landscape although many landscapes are both inherently complex and rapidly changing. In this study we examine whether scenario development, a tool for dealing with uncertainties and complexities of the future, gives important insights into the selection of ecosystem services in changing landscapes. Using an agricultural landscape in South Africa we compared different sets of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Complexity; Ecosystem services; Future; Landscape; Scenarios; Social-ecological systems; South Africa; Uncertainties.
Ano: 2013

The Practice of Transboundary Decision Making on the Incomati River: Elucidating Underlying Factors and their Implications for Institutional Design
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Slinger, Jill H.; Delft University of Technology; j.h.slinger@tudelft.nl; Hilders, Marianne; DHV B.V. (Adviesgroep Water, Natuur en Ruimte); Marianne.Hilders@DHV.nl; Juizo, Dinis; Eduardo Mondlane  University; juizo@hotmail.com.
The Incomati River Basin is shared by Mozambique, South Africa, and Swaziland. In August 2002, the groundbreaking &amp;#8220;Tripartite Interim Agreement on Water Sharing of the Maputo and Incomati Rivers&amp;#8221;  (the IncoMaputo agreement) was signed. Following reports that the use, availability, and adequacy of information posed problems for future decision making on this transboundary river, the Delft University of Technology initiated a 6-month study in 2003 in which 25 southern African researchers and officials were interviewed. The Joint Incomati Basin Study (Phase I from 1992&amp;#8211;1995, and Phase II from 2000&amp;#8211;2001) formed a central component in the investigation, because it was viewed by the parties involved as a successful...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Causal analysis; Decision making; Governance; Information use; Institutions; International water policy; Mozambique; Networks; River-basin management; South Africa; Southern Africa; Swaziland.
Ano: 2010

Applying the Concept of Fit to Water Governance Reforms in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 7
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Boundaries; Dynamic fit; River basin management; South Africa; Spatial fit; Water governance; Water resource management.
Ano: 2014

Use of Landscape-level River Signatures in Conservation Planning: a South African Case Study
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Roux, Dirk; CSIR; droux@csir.co.za; de Moor, Ferdy; Albany Museum; F.demoor@ru.ac.za; Cambray, Jim; Albany Museum; J.Cambray@ru.ac.za; Barber-James, Helen; Albany Museum; H.James@ru.ac.za.
A strategy for assigning priorities in biodiversity conservation was developed for the rivers of the proposed Greater Addo Elephant National Park (GAENP) in South Africa. Due to the limited availability of biological information on the freshwater ecosystems of this area, a desktop approach, supplemented by aerial and land surveys, was used to devise a new river classification typology. This typology incorporated landscape attributes as surrogates for biodiversity patterns, resulting in defined physical "signatures" for each river type. Riverine biodiversity is considered to be conserved by including rivers of each type as defined by the respective signatures. Where options existed, and two or more rivers shared the same signature, a simple procedure was...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Greater Addo Elephant National Park; South Africa; Conservation targets; Ecosystem processes; Priority conservation options; Rivers; Signatures of physical pattern; Systematic conservation planning.
Ano: 2002

Using Consensus Analysis to Assess Mental Models about Water Use and Management in the Crocodile River Catchment, South Africa
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Stone-Jovicich, Samantha S; CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Townsville; samantha.stone-jovicich@csiro.au; Lynam, Timothy; CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Townsville; tim.lynam@csiro.au; Leitch, Anne; CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Brisbane; ARC CoE Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University; anne.leitch@csiro.au; Jones, Natalie A; University of Queensland, School of Rural and Natural Systems Management; n.jones3@uq.edu.au.
The content, structure, and distribution of mental models can be elicited and measured using a variety of methods. In this article we explore a method for eliciting mental models within the context of water use and management in South Africa. This method is consensus analysis, a technique developed in cognitive anthropology.  We used it to analyze qualitative data from semistructured interviews, pilesorts, and questionnaires to test quantitatively the degree of sharing and diversity of mental models within and across social groups. The consensus analysis method focused on comparing the mental models of two key stakeholder groups in the Crocodile River catchment in South Africa, i.e., conservationists and irrigators, to better understand the level of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Consensus analysis; Mental models; South Africa; Water management.
Ano: 2011

Discovering Resilient Pathways for South African Water Management: Two Frameworks for a Vision
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Bohensky, Erin L; University of Pretoria and CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems; erin.bohensky@csiro.au.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptive cycle; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment; Resilience; Resilient pathways; South Africa; Water management.
Ano: 2008

Foghorns to the Future: Using Knowledge and Transdisciplinarity to Navigate Complex Systems
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cundill, Georgina N. R.; Rhodes University; gcundill@rides.cl; Fabricius, Christo; Rhodes University; c.fabricius@ru.ac.za; Marti, Neus; Autonomous University; neus@amauta.rcp.net.pe.
Complex systems are shaped by cross-scale interactions, nonlinear feedbacks, and uncertainty, among other factors. Transdisciplinary approaches that combine participatory and conventional methods and democratize knowledge to enable diverse inputs, including those from local, informal experts, are essential tools in understanding such systems. The metaphor of a &amp;#8220;bridge&amp;#8221; to overcome the divide between different disciplines and knowledge systems is often used to advocate for more inclusive approaches. However, there is a shortage of information and consensus on the process, methodologies, and techniques that are appropriate to achieve this. This paper compares two case studies from Peru and South Africa in which community-level assessments...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Ecological assessment; Community-based assessment; Complexity; Scale; Epistemology; Methodology; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment; Complex systems; Uncertainty; Peru; South Africa; Case studies; Transdisciplinary research.
Ano: 2005

Small-scale Fisheries Governance and Understanding the Snoek (Thyrsites atun) Supply Chain in the Ocean View Fishing Community, Western Cape, South Africa
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Isaacs, Moenieba; University of Western Cape; misaacs@uwc.ac.za.
Postapartheid fisheries reform in South Africa, through the Marine Living Resources Act (MLRA) 18 of 1998, used individual transferable quotas (ITQs) to broaden resource access through allocating quotas to new entrants, even though the system has been created to reduce capacity through a reduction in the number of active fishers. The formal action space created through fisheries reform in South Africa left many artisanal fishers to operate in the informal action spaces, selling Thyrsites atun (snoek) to poor communities to sustain their livelihoods. Artisanal fishers were not recognized by MLRA of 1998 and through class action case brought against the ITQ system, and in out of court settlement with the claimants in 2007, 1000 interim relief permits will be...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Collective rights allocation; Food security; Individual transferable quotas (ITQs); Small-scale fisheries policy; South Africa; Thyrsites atun (Snoek) supply-chain.
Ano: 2013

Not All Roads Lead to Resilience: a Complex Systems Approach to the Comparative Analysis of Tortoises in Arid Ecosystems
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Leuteritz, Thomas E. J.; Redlands Institute; thomas_leuteritz@redlands.edu; Ekbia, Hamid R.; Redlands Institute;.
The concept of resilience has been widely used in the study of social-ecological systems, with its key components identified as resistance, latitude, and precariousness. We use this concept to examine the differences among three semi-arid regions in terms of these three components. We do this by examining the status of tortoises that occur in the dry spiny forest Madagascar, the Karoo of South Africa, and the Mojave Desert of the United States as an indicator of the health and resilience of their respective ecosystems. Our findings demonstrate the tight coupling between societal development and ecosystem dynamics, the role of diversity in enhancing resilience, and the significance of local communal knowledge in sustaining it. Our findings also suggest that...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Collective variable; Control parameter; Latitude; Madagascar; Panarchy; Precariousness; Resistance; Social-ecological systems; South Africa; United States.
Ano: 2008

Les Merlus d'Afrique du sud et leur peche
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Quero, Jean-claude.
This study concerns mainly 2 species Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus; M. polli is a more northern species though the 3 species are known to inhabit the same regions. The life cycle, seasonal migrations geographical distribution and fishing grounds of the 2 main species are discussed in detail. The intensity of fishing in this region, over the past 10 years has increased to such an extent that during 1968 -1970 this production accounted for one half level on a world-wide basis. Attempts have been made by Britain to market this fish as a frozen product.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: South Africa; Fishing; Population dynamic; Ecology; Biology; Gadoide; Hake.
Ano: 1973
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1973/publication-2228.pdf

Fine-scale recognition and use of mesoscale fronts by foraging Cape gannets in the Benguela upwelling region
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sabarros, Philippe S.; Gremillet, David; Demarcq, Herve; Moseley, Christina; Pichegru, Lorien; Mullers, Ralf H. E.; Stenseth, Nils C.; Machu, Eric.
Oceanic structures such as mesoscale fronts may become hotspots of biological activity through concentration and enrichment processes. These fronts generally attract fish and may therefore be targeted by marine top-predators. In the southern Benguela upwelling system, such fronts might be used as environmental cues by foraging seabirds. In this study we analyzed high-frequency foraging tracks (GPS, 1 s sampling) of Cape gannets Morus capensis from two colonies located on the west and east coast of South Africa in relation to mesoscale fronts detected on daily high-resolution chlorophyll-a maps (MODIS, 1 km). We tested the association of (i) searching behavior and (ii) diving activity of foraging birds with mesoscale fronts. We found that Cape gannets shift...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Seabird; Environmental cue; Behavioral shift; Area-restricted search; Feeding activity; Fractal landscape; Oceanographic fronts; Morus capensis; Southern Benguela; South Africa.
Ano: 2014
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00236/34756/34575.pdf

Palynological investigation of Holocene climatic and oceanic variability in South Africa and the southern Benguela upwelling system
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Zhao, Xueqin.
South Africa is very sensitive to climate change, because it is located between two atmospheric systems (subtropical and warm-temperate systems) and two oceanic systems (Benguela Current and Agulhas Current). Presently, the seasonal changes of atmospheric and oceanic systems induce a pronounced rainfall seasonality comprised of three different rainfall zones (summer rainfall zone, SRZ; year-round rainfall zone, YRZ and winter rainfall zone, WRZ) over South Africa. However, the seasonality development during the Holocene in South Africa is poorly understood and the driving forces of the climate change are debated. Therefore, this study aims to provide a detailed reconstruction of Holocene climate and vegetation variability of South Africa,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Holocene; Marine sediments; Pollen; Microcharcoal; Organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst; Paleoenvironment; Paleoceanography; South Africa.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00493/60442/63887.pdf

A Lagrangian analysis of the Indian-Atlantic interocean exchange in a regional model - art. no. L14611
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Doglioli, Andrea; Veneziani, M; Blanke, Bruno; Speich, Sabrina; Griffa, A.
We present a new numerical Lagrangian technique based on the coupling of transport computation with spin analysis of trajectories. This method was applied to results from a high-resolution numerical model of the oceanic region around South Africa. We estimated an Indian-Atlantic leakage of about 14 Sv. In the western Cape Basin, approximately 30% of this transport is due to trapping eddies with a ratio between cyclones and anticyclones transport of 1.3. These findings are briefly discussed with respect to recent observations of the highly nonlinear regime found in this area of the Cape Basin.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Anticyclones transport; Cyclones transport; The Indian Atlantic interocean exchange; South Africa; Numerical model.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1847.pdf

Agulhas eddy fluxes in a 1/6 degrees Atlantic model
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Treguier, Anne-marie; Boebel, O; Barnier, B; Madec, G.
A 1/6degrees resolution primitive equation model of the Atlantic circulation is analyzed in the Agulhas region. The model has a realistic level of eddy kinetic energy, and produces anticyclonic Agulhas rings as well as cyclonic structures. In the model as well as in the data, ring trajectories undergo a transition between a turbulent character in the Cape Basin and a steady propagation in the rest of the South Atlantic. The topography of the Walvis Ridge does not seem to play a part in generating this contrast in the model. The model shows that cyclones are primarily generated from the negative shear vorticity side of the Agulhas Current as it leaves the coast, and they are most of the time paired with anticyclones in dipolar or tripolar structures....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: South Africa; South Atlantic Ocean; Numerical model; Ocean currents; Oceanic eddies; Eddy flux.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-453.pdf

Morphometric Study of Lumbar Vertebrae in Adult South African Subjects
Provedor de dados: 77
Autores: Azu,O. O; Komolafe,O. A; Ofusori,D. A; Ajayi,S. A; Naidu,E. C. S; Abiodun,A. A.
Lumbar vertebral dimensions provide vital clinical information of immense diagnostic benefits to medical experts. The present study provides data for lumbar vertebral dimensions of a cohort of specimens of South African females and males. Measurements were obtained from lumbar vertebrae from the osteological collections in the Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, Nelson Mandela School of Medicine using a digital caliper. The antero-posterior body diameter (APD), interpedicular distance (IPD), midsagittal diameter (MSD) and pedicle length (PL) were measured while ratio of MSD to APD was calculated. Results showed gradual increase from L1 to L5 for mean APD and IPD, and a decrease for mean PL from L1 to L5. Mean MSD was observed to present a "U" curve pattern...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Lumbar vertebrae; Morphometry; Adults; South Africa.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000400028

Notes on Phymatinae (Insecta: Heteroptera: Reduviidae). The genus Oxythyreus Westwood, 1841
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Doesburg, P.H. van; Pluot-Sigwalt, D.
Oxythyreus slateri spec. nov. and O. cylindricornis schuhi subspec. nov. are described from South Africa. Notes on the other species of the genus and a key to the species are added.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Insecta; Heteroptera; Reduviidae; Phymatinae; Oxythyreus; New species; New subspecies; South Africa; Distribution; 42.75.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/226638

The genus Ptilothamnion (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta) in South Africa, with the description of P. goukammae spec. nov
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Stegenga, Herre; Bolton, John J.; Anderson, Robert J.
The genus Ptilothamnion Thur. in Le Jolis is represented in South Africa by three, or possibly four species: P. codicolum, P. polysporum, P. goukammae spec. nov., and reportedly P. subsimplex, all recorded after 1983. An earlier record of P. pluma is probably erroneous. The new species differs from known representatives of the genus by producing strictly one involucral filament from the hypogenous cell and additionally one from the subhypogenous cell. Ptilothamnion is a widespread genus, but rarely with more than two species in any given regional flora. A critical comparison of the c. 12 species shows that very few characters are shared by all of them.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Ceramiaceae; Ptilothamnion; Spermothamnieae; South Africa; Taxonomy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/525492

A new Themonocoris from South Africa (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Phymatinae: Themonocorini)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Doesburg, P.H. van; Jacobs, D.H.
Themonocoris endroedyi spec. nov. from eastern Transvaal is described and illustrated, and its biology discussed. A key to the species of Themonocoris and a distribution map are provided.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Insecta; Heteroptera; Reduviidae; Phymatinae; Themonocorini; New species; Key; Biology; South Africa; 42.75.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/376600

Using ancient DNA techniques to identify the origin of unprovenanced museum specimens, as illustrated by the identification of a 19th century lion from Amsterdam
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Barnett, R.; Yamaguchi, N.; Shapiro, B.; Nijman, V.
In natural history collections throughout Europe, there are many old lion specimens of unknown origin. If these specimens can be shown to have originated from now-extinct populations their value would significantly increase, as would the value of the collections. Recently, a 200-year old mounted skeleton in the Zoological Museum Amsterdam has been identified as the extinct Cape lion Panthera leo melanochaita (Smith, 1842), based primarily on morphological information inferred from a painting of this specimen while it was still alive. To test this hypothesis, we used ancient DNA (aDNA) techniques to extract and sequence mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from this specimen, and compared the genetic results with previously published lion mtDNA sequences. Our results...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: India; Mitochondrial DNA; Panthera leo; Skull morphology; South Africa; 42.84.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/226454

Notes on Loricata (Mollusca) 11-14
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Kaas, P.
Four new species of chitons (Mollusca, Polyplacophora) are described, viz Leptochiton (L.) dispersus and L. (L.) permodestus from Transkei, L. (L.) meiringae from the eastern Cape Province, S Africa (note 11) and Ischnochiton (Stenosemus) vanbellei from the Mediterranean Sea (note 14). New records are given for little known species, such as Leptochiton (L.) chariessa (Barnard, 1963) (note 11), Ischnochiton (I.) obtusus Carpenter in Pilsbry, 1893 (note 12), Leptochiton (L.) lineatus (Nierstrasz, 1905), L. (L.) rissoi (Nierstrasz, 1905), Loricella oviformis (Nierstrasz, 1905), and Placiphorella albitestae Is. Taki, 1954 (note 13). New synonyms: Squamophora Nierstrasz, 1905, and Componochiton Milne, 1963 = Loricella Pilsbry, 1893; Paricoplax profundior Dell,...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Mollusca; Loricata; New species; New synonyms; Leptochiton; Loricella; Ischnochiton (Stenosemus); South Africa; Mediterranean; 42.73.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/319046

The family Pectinidae in South Africa and Mozambique (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinoidea)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Dijkstra, H.H.; Kilburn, R.N.
Of the 29 species of Pectinidae here recorded from South Africa and Mozambique, ca. 76% have Indo-West Pacific origins, 17% are of Mediterranean-West African origin and ca. 7% are probably of Southern  Ocean origin.  New species: Mirapecten tuberosus, Veprichlamys africana.  New subspecies: Aequipecten commutatus peripheralis.  New synonyms: Chlamys liltvedi Wagner, 1984 = Laevichlamys lemniscata(Reeve, 1853). Genus Karnekampia Wagner, 1988 = Pseudamussium Mörch, 1853, Somalipecten Waller, 1996 = Mirapecten Dall, Bartsch &amp; Rehder, 1938. Perapecten Wagner, 1985, and Lindapecten Petuch, 1995 = Aequipecten Fischer, 1886.  New records for South Africa: Delectopecten musorstomi Poutiers, 1981; Anguipecten picturatus Dijkstra, 1995; Decatopecten amiculum...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Bivalvia; Pectinoidea; Pectinidae; South Africa; Mozambique; 42.73.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/410532

Biodiversity on the marginal coral reefs of South Africa: What does the future hold?
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Schleyer, M.H.; Celliers, L.
Southern African coral communities form a continuum from the more typical, accretive reefs in the tropics of Mozambique to the marginal, southernmost African distribution of this fauna in KwaZulu- Natal. While the latter are limited in size, they are gaining increasing attention as they provide a model for the study of many of the stresses to which these valuable systems are globally being subjected. Soft coral cover, comprising relatively few species, exceeds that of scleractinians over much of the southern reefs, and the coral communities attain a high biodiversity at this latitude on the East African coast. A long-term monitoring programme has revealed small yet significant changes in community structure on the reefs in recent years, concurrent with...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Coral reefs; South Africa; 42.79.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/220567

Bobekoides gen. nov. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) from South Africa
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Achterberg, C. van.
A new genus of the subfamily Alysiinae (Braconidae) is reported from South Africa (Bobekoides gen. nov.; type species: Bobekoides fulvus spec. nov.), illustrated, and described. A key to the species is added. The new genus is closely related to the East Palaearctic genus Hylcalosia Fischer, 1967.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Hymenoptera; Braconidae; Alysiinae; Alysiini; Bobekoides; Afrotropical; South Africa; Key; 42.75.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/215080

Notes on Ceramiaceae (Rhodophyta) from the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. III. New records from the Tsitsikamma Coastal Park, with the description of Scageliopsis tsitsikammae
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Stegenga, H.; Anderson, R.J.; Bolton, J.J.
The first southern African records are presented of Ptilothamnion codicolum and Vickersia baccata; Scageliopsis tsitsikammae is described as new to science. The genera Scageliopsis and Vickersia have not been previously recorded in southern Africa. Morphological descriptions and illustrations are given for all three species.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Ceramiaceae; Ptilothamnion; Scageliopsis; Vickersia; South Africa; Taxonomy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/525607

A new leafminer on grapevine and Rhoicissus (Vitaceae) in South Africa within an expanded generic concept of Holocacista (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Nieukerken, E.J. van; Geertsema, H.
A grapevine leafminer found recently in table grape orchards and vineyards in the Paarl region (Western Cape, South Africa) is described as Holocacista capensis sp. n. It has also been found on native Rhoicissus digitata and bred on that species in the laboratory. It is closely related to Holocacista salutans (Meyrick, 1921), comb. n. (from Antispila), described from Durban in KwaZulu-Natal, but widespread in southern Africa and a native leafminer of various Vitaceae: Rhoicissus tomentosa, R. digitata, R. tridentata and Cissus cornifolia. Holocacista capensis has been found on Vitis vinifera both in Gauteng and Western Cape, the earliest record being from 1950 in Pretoria. The initial host shift from native Vitaceae to Vitis must have occurred much...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Host shift; Leafminers; Vitaceae; Viticulture; Table grapes; Rhoicissus; Cissus; DNA barcode; Genitalia; Holocacista; Antispilina; Antispila; Afrotropics; South Africa; Zimbabwe; India.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/648754

A review of the endemic southern African soft coral genus Pieterfaurea Verseveldt &amp; Bayer, 1988 (Octocorallia: Nidaliidae), with descriptions of three new species
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Williams, G.C.
The soft coral genus Pieterfaurea Verseveldt &amp; Bayer, 1988, endemic to the south and east coasts of South Africa, is reviewed. Five species are recognized as valid, including three new species described here as new. A dichotomous key and a table of comparative characters are included to aid in the differentiation of the five taxa.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Coelenterata; Anthozoa; Octocorallia; Nidaliidae; Pieterfaurea; Soft corals; Endemic genus; South Africa; Three new species; Southwestern Indian Ocean; 42.72.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/215737

Ten new species of Afrotropical Pterophoridae (Lepidoptera)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Gielis, C.
Ten new Afrotropical species of Pterophoridae are described: Agdistis linnaei spec. nov., Agdistis bouyeri spec. nov., Ochyrotica bjoernstadti spec. nov., Platyptilia aarviki spec. nov., Stenoptilia kiitulo spec. nov., Exelastis caroli spec. nov., Eucapperia continentalis spec. nov., Buckleria vanderwolfi spec. nov., Pselnophorus meruensis spec. nov., and Hellinsia emmelinoida spec. nov. The species are illustrated in colour, and their genitalia in line drawings.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; South Africa; 42.75.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/261763

Taxonomic revision of the spider family Penestomidae (Araneae, Entelegynae)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Miller, J.A.; Griswold, C.E.; Haddad, C.R.
Conflicting character evidence and a scarcity of male specimens has historically made placement of the spider subfamily Penestominae Simon problematic. The Penestominae was recently removed from the family Eresidae and promoted to family rank based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study; a complementary taxonomic revision of the Penestomidae is presented here. Penestomidae contains a single genus, Penestomus Simon, 1902. The genus Wajane Lehtinen, 1967 was previously included in the Penestominae, and distinguished from Penestomus based on the lack of a cribellum. Wajane is, in fact, cribellate, and is here synonymized with Penestomus New synonymy. Nine Penestomus species are recognized: four species are redescribed (P. planus Simon, 1902, P....
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Cribellum; Cybertaxonomy; Eresidae; Penestomus; South Africa; Wajane; Zodariidae; 42.74.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/434475

Description of four new species of Gulella Pfeiffer, 1856 from Eastern Cape, South Africa, with additional notes on two poorly known species (Mollusca: Eupulmonata: Streptaxidae)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Cole, M.L.; Herbert, D.G.
Gulella bruggeni spec. nov., G. bomvana spec. nov., G. tietzae spec. nov. and G. ndibo spec. nov. are described from the Transkei region of Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. All are minute, smooth-shelled species with complex apertural dentition. Due to their limited ranges and continuing decline in extent and quality of habitat, G. bruggeni spec. nov., G. bomvana spec. nov. and G. ndibo spec. nov. are likely to meet the distribution-based criteria for red-listing as Critically Endangered and G. tietzae spec. nov. as Endangered. G. aprosdoketa and G. chi are discussed and illustrated for comparison and the known distribution of each is extended.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Mollusca; Gastropoda; Streptaxidae; Gulella; Taxonomy; New species; Range extensions; Conservation; Eastern Cape; South Africa; 42.73.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/311932

Trachycystis montissalinarum spec. nov., a new charopid from the Soutpansberg complex in the Northern Province, South Africa (Mollusca: Gastropoda Pulmonata: Charopidae)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Bruggen, A.C. van.
A new species of Trachycystis s.l. (Charopidae) from the Hanglip Forest in the Soutpansberg complex in the Northern Province of South Africa is described. Absence of anatomical data precludes more precise classification. The shell is characterized by a spirally sculpted apex and a somewhat irregular flange-like costulation on the later whorls.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Mollusca; Gastropoda; Pulmonata; Charopidae; Trachycystis; South Africa; Taxonomy; 42.73.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/217464

New species of the genus Xenocryptus Arrow from Africa (Coleoptera: Languriidae)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Wegrzynowicz, P.
Xenocryptus africanus spec. nov. is described from South Africa.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Coleoptera; Languriidae; Xenoscelini; Xenocryptus; New species; South Africa; 42.75.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/216177

Diopsis Nigrasplendens, a new species of Diopsidae (Diptera)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Feijen, H.R.
Diopsis nigrasplendens spec. nov. is described from the Drakensberg, South Africa. The black Diopsis species are divided into groups and some earlier established synonymies are rejected. D. nigrasplendens takes an isolated position in its genus, but is probably related to both the gnugroup and the carbonaria-group.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Diopsidae; Diopsis; New species; South Africa; 42.75.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/318286

The occurrence, bionomics and potential impacts of the invasive freshwater snail Tarebia granifera (Lamarck, 1822) (Gastropoda: Thiaridae) in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Appleton, C.C.; Forbes, A.T.; Demetriades, N.T.
The Asian prosobranch snail Tarebia granifera was reported from South Africa (and Africa) for the first time in 1999 in northern KwaZulu-Natal though it was probably introduced sometime prior to 1996. In the 10 years since its discovery it has spread rapidly, particularly northwards, into Mpumalanga province, the Kruger National Park and Swaziland. The snail has colonized different types of habitat, from rivers, lakes and irrigation canals to concrete lined reservoirs and ornamental ponds. It reaches very high densities, up to 21 000 m-2, and is likely to impact on the entire indigenous benthos of the natural waterbodies of the region – more so than any other invasive freshwater invertebrate known from the country. The indigenous thiarids Thiara amarula,...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Tarebia granifera; South Africa; Invasion; Bionomics; 42.73.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/311930

Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Schuchert, P.
All genera and species of the hydrozoan family Halopterididae are reviewed. Where material was available, species are described and figured and the extent of morphological variation is assessed as far as possible. The re-examined material includes samples from the Challenger, Siboga, and Galathea expeditions. Numerous types were re-examined and taxonomic revisions made where necessary. For several nominal species lectotypes are designated. Two new species are described: Antennella kiwiana from New Zealand and Halopteris platygonotheca, a wide spread species from the Indo-Pacific Ocean. Halopteris buskii var. peculiaris (Billard, 1913) is raised to species level as Halopteris peculiaris. Several species are sunk into synonymy: Plumularia balei Billard, 1911...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Plumularoidea; Halopterididae; Revision; Redescription; Types; New species; Mediterrane- an; England; France; Spain; U.S.A.; Caribbean; Brazil; South Africa; Madagascar; Indonesia; Australia; New Zealand; Hawaii.; 42.72.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/317731

Three new additions to the genus Talaromyces isolated from Atlantis sandveld fynbos soils
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Visagie, C.M.; Jacobs, K.
During a survey of Penicillium spp. in soils from the diverse fynbos region in the Western Cape, South Africa, a number of previously undescribed species were isolated. Three of these belong to subg. Biverticillium sensu Pitt, recently incorporated into its previously associated teleomorph genus, Talaromyces s.str. These species displayed symmetrical biverticillate penicilli, acerose phialides and poor growth at reduced water activity, typical of this group. Morphological characters of the new species were compared to known Talaromyces species. The ITS and β-tubulin gene regions were used for phylogenetic comparisons, which confirmed the distinct nature of the three fynbos soil species described here as Talaromyces chloroloma sp. nov., T. ptychoconidium...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: ITS and β-tubulin phylogeny; Morphology; Penicillium subg. Biverticillium; South Africa; Western Cape.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/531787

Application of crude and recombinant ELISAs and immunochromatographic test for serodiagnosis of animal trypanosomosis in the Umkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: NGUYEN, Thu-Thuy; MOTSIRI, Mono Sophie; TAIOE, Moeti Oriel; MTSHALI, Moses Sibusiso; GOTO, Yasuyuki; KAWAZU, Shin-Ichiro; Molifi THEKISOE, Oriel Matlhahane; INOUE, Noboru; 河津, 信一郎; 井上, 昇.
A total of 231 serum samples were collected from sheep (n=9), goats (n=99) and cattle (n=123) in northeastern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Trypanosome infection was detected using Trypanosoma brucei brucei crude antigen (TbbCA) and T. congolense crude antigen (TcoCA) ELISA assays. Recombinant antigen (T. evansi GM6 which consisted of 4 repeat domains, TeGM6-4r) ELISA and immunochromatographic test (ICT) were also used. Crude antigen ELISA, TeGM6-4r-ELISA and ICT detected 27.3%, 29% and 19.9% of trypanosome seropositive samples, respectively. Trypanosome infection prevalence in cattle and goats was 35.8–46.3% and 0–9.1%, respectively. Out of 9 sheep serum samples, 2–4 sera (22.2–44.4%) were positive. The detection performance of crude and recombinant...
Palavras-chave: Animal African trypanosomosis; ELISA; Immunochromatographic test; Serodiagnosis; South Africa.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4034

Subtidal understorey algal community structure in kelp beds around the Cape Peninsula (Western Cape, South Africa)
Provedor de dados: 27
Autores: Leliaert, F.; Anderson, R. J.; Bolton, J. J.; Coppejans, E.
The subtidal understorey seaweed communities were studied along a coastal distance of 104 km around the Cape Peninsula, which is situated in an overlap region between two marine provinces and characterized by a considerable temperature gradient. Sampling was carried out at six sites (4 to 10 quadrats per site) around the Cape Peninsula. For each of the quadrats, biomass of each species, grazing, and environmental variables such as temperature, wave exposure and sand cover were determined. The data were analysed using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and two way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN). A total of 142 seaweed taxa were found at the six sites (21 Chlorophyta, 14 Phaeophyta and 107 Rhodophyta). The two sides of the Peninsula have a very...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Check lists Community composition Environmental effects Grazing Kelps Seaweeds Temperature effects Wave forces Waves Waves Algae Chlorophyta [green algae] Phaeophyta Rhodophyta [red algae] PSW; South Africa; Cape Prov.; Cape Peninsula.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=4596

A redescription of the presumed associated &lt;i&gt;Caligopsyllus primus&lt;/i&gt; Kunz, 1975 (Harpacticoida, Paramesochridae) with emphasis on its phylogenetic affinity with &lt;i&gt;Apodopsyllus&lt;/i&gt; Kunz, 1962
Provedor de dados: 27
Autores: Huys, R.
&lt;i&gt;Caligopsyllus primus&lt;/i&gt; Kunz, 1975, reported from tidal pools near East London (South Africa), is redescribed and figured on the basis of type material. An amended diagnosis of the genus &lt;i&gt;Caligopsyllus&lt;/i&gt; Kunz, 1975 is presented. Cladistic analysis falsified the hypothesis of a close relationship between &lt;i&gt;Caligopsyllus&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Kliopsyllus&lt;/i&gt; Kunz, 1962, favouring instead a link with &lt;i&gt;Apodopsyllus&lt;/i&gt; Kunz, 1962. The morphological modifications are discussed within the context of a possible ecto-associated life-style. Finally, a standard format of abbreviations and terminology is proposed for the paramesochrid caudal ramus.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Holotypes Phylogeny Synopsis Apodopsyllus Kunz; 1962 Caligopsyllus primus PSW; South Africa.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=3243

Herbal medicinal teas from South Africa
Provedor de dados: 85
Autores: Bhat,RB; Moskovitz,G.
An investigation of herbal medicinal teas from Western Cape, South Africa was conducted to assess the varieties of herbal teas used to treat various ailments. Each packet of medicinal tea is a blend of carefully selected four or more herbs which are commonly grown in the organic garden in an ancient valley near the southernmost tip of South Africa and some indigenous herbs picked up in the nearby mountains. The teas are specific for the diseased organ/s and also include the herbs to support and strengthen the systems serving the ailing organ/s. The study shows that there are about twenty-one different types of herbal teas, and the packets of 50 g each are sold in South African markets under the trade names of Arthritea, Asthmitea, Constipatea, Detoxtea,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Common ailments; Traditional phytotherapy; South Africa.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-56572009000100012

Wild vegetable use by Vhavenda in the Venda region of Limpopo Province, South Africa
Provedor de dados: 85
Autores: Maanda,MQ; Bhat,RB.
We studied the marginal utilization of 40 wild vegetable species in the Venda area of Limpopo Province (South Africa). Use of these vegetables with various purposes by humans is indicated.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Traditional use; Venda; Wild vegetables; South Africa.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-56572010000200012

Comparative use patterns of plant resources in rural areas of South Africa and Zimbabwe
Provedor de dados: 85
Autores: Maroyi,A; Rasethe,MT.
Documentation of use patterns of plants across national boundaries is of relevance in understanding the importance of plant resources to livelihood strategies of different ethnic groups. Plant resources have gained prominence as a natural asset through which families derive food, frewood, income, medicines and timber, enabling particularly poor communities to achieve self-suficiency. The objective of this study was to investigate the trends in plant usage in South Africa and Zimbabwe. An ethnobotanical investigation was conducted between January 2012 and January 2013 in the Limpopo Province, South Africa and the Midlands Province, Zimbabwe. The study used questionnaire surveys and interviews with a total of 143 participants to explore plant use patterns in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ethnobotany; Plant use; Rural communities; South Africa; Zimbabwe.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-56572015000200005

INSTITUTIONAL INNOVATION TO INCREASE FARMERS' REVENUE: A CASE STUDY OF SMALL SCALE FARMING IN SHEEP: TRANSKEI REGION, SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: D'Haese,   Marijke F.C.; Verbeke,   Wim; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido; Kirsten,   Johann F.; D'Haese,   Luc.
Commercial producers, brokers, exporters and spinners dominate the wool supply chain in South Africa.  Until recently smallholder farmers in the Transkei region had limited access to a profitable market outlet for their wool.  In response, the South African wool industry has taken the initiative to help local farmers by building shearing sheds, under which the local association can bulk the wool and trade directly with the brokers.  More direct access to the wool brokers is a prerequisite for the farmer to develop a viable business.  This article investigates on the effect of membership in the local shearing shed association on the farmers' revenue.  A two-step regression model of the gross margin is used to analyse whether farmers selling through the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural development; Institutional innovation; South Africa; Heckman procedure; Transaction costs.; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25888

What is the appropriate level of aggregation for productivity indices? Comparing district, regional and national measures
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Conradie,   Beatrice; Piesse,   Jenifer; Thirtle,   Colin G.
This paper examines the appropriate level of aggregation for the construction of total factor productivity (TFP) indices. The dataset covers the magisterial districts and statistical regions of the Western Cape for the years 1952 to 2002. Over these five decades agricultural production in the Western Cape grew twice as fast as in the country as a whole but this average masks substantial regional variation. Results show that TFP growth was negative in the Karoo, moderate in the Swartland, Overberg and Southern Cape, and generally above 2% per year in the Boland and Breede River Valleys, where there is extensive irrigation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Western Cape; South Africa; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49162

Factors Influencing the Success Potential in Smallholder Irrigation Projects of South Africa: A Principal Component Regression
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Magingxa,   Litha Light; Alemu,   Zerihun Gudeta; van Schalkwyk,   Herman D.
The objective of this paper is to examine the role of the factors expected to influence the success potential of small holder irrigation projects as they apply in the South African context. The study was conducted in six smallholder irrigation schemes in three provinces namely: Eastern Cape, Limpopo and Mpumalanga. To determine the farmers' potential success (dependent variable), a cluster analysis was conducted yielding two groups of farmers - the less successful and more successful. The principal component regression (PCR) tool was used to analyse the data and deal with the problem of multicollinearity, transforming the explanatory variables into principal component estimators. There were fourteen explanatory variables. Out of the nine statistically...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Success potential; Smallholder; South Africa; Irrigation projects; Principal component regression; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D1; O13; Q1.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25348

Water and land in South Africa : economywide impacts of reform -- a case study for the Olifants river
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mukherjee,   Natasha.
"July 1996." Includes bibliographical references (p. 37-41).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Equilibrium (Economics) -- Models; Computable general equilibrium (CGE); South Africa; Watershed management; Land use; Water; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97763

Social Democracy and the “Developmental State” as Development Alternatives for South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Van Eck,   Lisa.
This paper investigates social democracy and the “developmental state” model as development alternatives for South Africa. This research is significant as it enhances the developmental debate in South Africa that is indispensable in light of South Africa’s poor socio-economic performance. A comparative-historical study is conducted, as well as an analysis of the socio-political situation in South Africa to determine each model’s compatibility with South Africa. State autonomy is assumed essential. Liberal democracy and the authoritarian “developmental state” model are rejected on theoretical and compatibility grounds. Social democracy is therefore investigated. It is concluded that this model is theoretically stronger, yet ideologically squeezed, and its...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Social democracy; Developmental state; South Africa; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107457

The South African Maize Milling Industry: Can Small and Medium-scale Maize Milling Enterprise Survive and Thrive?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abu,   Orefi; Kirsten,   Johann F.
Abstract  This paper investigates the competitiveness of small and medium-scale maize milling enterprises in South Africa from estimates of a translog stochastic cost frontier model. Results suggest that small and medium-scale maize mills in South Africa are cost-inefficient, operating at 59 percent and 30 percent higher cost than the best practice respectively. This implies that, on average, about 59 percent and 30 percent of the costs incurred by small and medium-scale maize mills respectively can be avoided without a reduction in maize meal output. Given this empirical estimates, if small and medium-scale maize milling enterprises in South Africa are able to reduce cost by 59 percent and 30 percent on average respectively, these mills could become...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Maize milling; South Africa; Cost efficiency; Stochastic Frontier Approach; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51304

Can Bt Maize Reduce Exposure to the Mycotoxin Fumonisin in South Africa?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pray,   Carl E.; Rheeder,   John; Gouse,   Marnus; Volkwyn,   Yvette; van der Westhuizen,   Liana; Shephard,   Gordon.
The mycotoxin fumonisin is associated with oesophageal cancer and birth defects. The Eastern Cape province of South Africa has high levels of fumonisin in maize and oesophageal cancer. This study measures the amounts of the mycotoxin fumonisin in the grain of Bt maize, commercial hybrids, and farmer-saved, local mixtures of seed that were produced and stored by small holders in South Africa.  We find that adoption of Bt maize can reduce poor rural consumers exposure to fumonisin.  Greater consumption of maize meal milled in modern mills could have a similar impact.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bt maize; Mycotoxins; Fumonisin; South Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51739

CATCHING-UP TRAJECTORIES IN THE WINE SECTOR: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHILE, ITALY AND SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cusmano,   Lucia; Morrison,   Andrea; Rabellotti,   Roberta.
From a development perspective an investigation of the changes that have occurred in the wine industry is of particular interest because it provides evidence on how emerging economies have been able to acquire significant shares of the international market in a dynamic sector. Based on novel empirical evidence as well as secondary sources, this paper shows that emerging countries with diverse institutional models and innovation strategies, have been driving the process of technological modernization and product standardization. Newcomers in the wine sector have responded particularly effectively to changes in consumption habits, and in aligning emerging scientific approaches with institutional building efforts and successful marketing strategies.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wine; South Africa; Chile; Italy; Emerging economies; Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48299

Best fit model selection for spatial differences (regression) in the profitability analysis of precision phosphate (P) application to winter cereals in Precision Agriculture (PA)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hough,   Ella Christina; Nell,   Wilhelm T.; Maine,   Ntsikane; Groenewald,   Jan A.; van der Rijst,   M.
Phosphates (P) are an important nutrient required by every living plant and animal cell, and deficiencies in soils could cause limited crop production, thereby reducing profitability. Phosphates are also a primary nutrient essential for root development and crop production, and are needed in the tissues of a plant where cells rapidly divide and enlarge. Precision agriculture (PA) could assist the farmer in applying the correct amount of P to the part of the field where it is required most. Variable rate technology (VRT) is a potential tool that can help with the development of strategies for phosphate fertilizer management. On-field trials were conducted on a commercial farm in the Western Cape Province; As many as five soil types occur on each field...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Precision agriculture; Variable-rate phosphate application; Single rate phosphate application; Profitability; Spatial differences; Restricted maximum-likelihood model (RELM); Spatial regression; Best fit model selection; South Africa; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96642

A Discriminant Analysis of Factors Associated with The Adoption Of Certified Organic Farming By Smallholder Farmers in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kisaka-Lwayo,   Maggie.
Discriminant analysis was used to identify the characteristics that distinguish between fully-certified organic, partially-certified organic and non-organic farmers in Umbumbulu district, KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa (SA) during October- November 2004. 200 farmers interviewed were drawn by purposively selecting the 151 members of the Ezemvelo Farmers’ Organisation (EFO), and by random sampling 49 non-organic farmers in wards neighbouring EFO. Results from the two estimated discriminant functions suggested that farmers with higher household sizes, incomes, input costs per hectare and number of chickens owned, locations further from innovators and less risk aversion were more likely to be certified as organic. Household location should be considered in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Adoption; Organic; Discriminant Analysis; South Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52155

A new methodology for assessing the impact of water-pricing scenarios: case study of small-scale irrigation schemes in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Speelman,   Stijn; Frija,   Aymen; Farolfi,   Stefano; Buysse,   Jeroen; D'Haese,   Marijke F.C.; D'Haese,   Luc.
Worldwide growing water scarcity has increased the call for economic instruments to stimulate rational water use in agriculture. In addition cost-recovery is now widely accepted as a cornerstone of sustainable water management. As a consequence now in developing countries, where currently agricultural water use is often still heavily subsidized, a tendency exists of introducing water-pricing as a policy to achieve more sustainable water use. The exact impact of water pricing policies on irrigation water use or on the farmers’ production system is however mostly unknown. A new two-stage methodology that allows estimating at the farm level the effects of introducing or raising a water price on the agricultural production process and water demand is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water-pricing; Water savings; Irrigation; Data envelopment analysis; South Africa; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43836

Evaluation of historic, current and future water demand in the Olifants River Catchment, South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McCartney,   Matthew P.; Arranz,   Roberto.
Water resource development has played a significant role in the expansion of agriculture and industry in the Olifants River Catchment. However, currently water deficit is one of the major constraints hampering development in the catchment; both the mining and agricultural sectors are producing below optimal levels because of their reliance on insufficient supplies. In this study, the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model was used to evaluate scenarios of historic, current and future water demand in the catchment. For each scenario, the WEAP model was used to simulate demand in five different sectors (rural, urban, mining, commercial forestry and irrigation) over a 70-year period of varying rainfall and hydrology. Levels of assured supply were...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: River basins; Catchment areas; Water resources development; Water demand; Water allocation; Simulation models; Calibrations; Water use; Irrigation water; Domestic water; Ecology; South Africa; Olifants River Catchment; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61095

What about the food ‘quality turn’ in South Africa? Focus on the organic movement development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vermeulen,   Hester; Bienabe,   Estelle.
This paper depicts how the general turn from mass consumption toward increased qualitative differentiation of products - the ‘quality turn’ - manifest in the South African agro-food system. The strong influence of these quality trends on agro-food systems evolution has been widely discussed in Europe and North America. We show that identifying quality related dynamics is bringing an interesting perspective into understanding some of the evolution of the local agro-food system. The discussion is mainly based on the perspective of the organic sector. Most domestic retailers' food quality positioning is in line with consumer trends, being general and price orientated. However, the retail sector has been entering and driving quality related niche markets,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Quality; Organic food; Retail sector; South Africa; Consumer behaviour; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7865

What Is the Impact of Non-Contributory Pensions on Poverty? Estimates from Brazil and South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrientos,   Armando.
This paper considers the impact of cash transfer programmes for the old in Brazil and South Africa on poverty among households with older people. Using datasets collected specifically for the purpose, the paper constructs conditional and unconditional estimates of the poverty reduction capacity of these programmes. The paper finds that non-contributory pensions have a measurable and significant impact upon poverty reduction and poverty prevention in the two countries studied.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Pensions; South Africa; Brazil; Food Security and Poverty; H55; I32; I38; J14.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30556

Power, Politics, and Performance: Community Participation in South African Public Works Programs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adato,   Michelle; Hoddinott,   John; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
Community-driven development is indelible in the development landscape. It is increasingly visible in the policy design of many governments, nongovernmental organizations, and multilateral institutions and features in important debates involving democracy, governance, institutions, and decentralization. As this research report points out, this has philosophical and instrumentalist underpinnings, with participation as both means and end. Participatory or community-driven development is advocated on the basis that, among other advantages, it can reduce information problems for development planners and beneficiaries, increase the resources available to poor people, and strengthen the capacity for collective action among poor and other marginalized societal...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Public works; South Africa; Community development; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Public Economics.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37887

Marriage, Schooling, and Excess Mortality in Prime-Age  Adults: Evidence from South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yamauchi,   Futoshi.
The institution of marriage plays some role in determining one’s risk of exposure to HIV. Since the transmission of HIV in the population is mainly through sexual activity, avoiding infection depends on risk-avoiding behavior. Consistently, empirical results show that excess mortality is concentrated in not-yet married adults aged 20-39 among both men and women. Therefore, the choice of when and who to marry appears to be related to risk of exposure. The objective of this paper is to determine the effect that schooling has on HIV/AIDS excess mortality, using panel data from South Africa. This paper tests the hypothesis that schooling affects when and who one marries and thus impacts the risk of mortality from HIV/AIDS. The effect could be negative or...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Marriage; Schooling; Excess mortality; HIV/AIDS; South Africa; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42423

Economic analysis of water supply cost structure in the Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tsegai,   Daniel W.; Linz,   Teresa; Kloos,   Julia.
Using data gathered from the National Treasury of South Africa, we examine the structure of water supply costs and tariffs of Water Service Authorities (WSAs) in the Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa. Using the translog cost function method, the marginal cost of water supply and economies of scale are estimated. Comparison of tariffs and marginal costs show that the estimated marginal cost is higher than the actual tariff paid by consumers. This implies that WSAs in the Middle Olifants are not charging enough to recover the costs of the water services. Thus, among other things, pricing of water at its marginal cost would partly assist in solving the cost recovery problem. Raised tariffs would in turn contribute to improved efficiency of water use....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Translog cost function; Water supply; Water Service Authority; Middle Olifants; South Africa; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49926

PROSPECTS FOR RURAL GROWTH? MEASURING GROWTH LINKAGES IN A SOUTH AFRICAN SMALLHOLDER FARMING AREA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simphiwe,   N.
This paper addresses the possible impact of rising smallholder incomes on local non-agricultural development in a case study area located in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.  It determines how increased rural incomes are spent on a mix of goods and services, and debates the implications of these spending patterns for growth in rural areas through the alleviation of demand constraints.  These results make it possible to identify areas of intervention necessary for sustaining growth originating from stimulus to tradable agriculture from economic reforms.  This paper thus contributes to an emerging literature on the possible impact of promoting smallholder agriculture in South Africa on rural livelihoods.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural; Growth linkages; Multipliers; Smallholder; South Africa; Africa; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18027

A Dynamic Risk Optimization Model for Evaluating Profitable and Feasible Water Management Plans
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Grove,   Bennie; Oosthuizen,   L.K.; Backeberg,   G.R.
Currently the South African government is advocating the cultivation of high valued crops and more efficient use of available water resources through the adoption o f more efficient irrigation technology and irrigation scheduling. A requirement of the National Water Act (Act 36 of 1998) is the compilation of water management plans. The main objective of this paper is to develop a multiperiod mathematical risk programming model able of assisting water user associations with the compilation of water management plans that are both profitable and feasible. Special care was taken to represent canal capacities and irrigation system application rates in the model. Risk simulation procedures are used to generate an appropriately correlated inter- and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Dynamic Linear Programming; Risk; Irrigation; Feasibility; South Africa; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C6; Q15; Q12.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25554

After the negotiations: assessing the impact of free trade agreements in Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lewis,   Jeffrey D.; Robinson,   Sherman; Thierfelder,   Karen.
"September 1999." "MERRISA, Macro Economic Reforms and Regional Integration in Southern Africa"--Series t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-28). Published as: Lewis, Jeffrey D.; Robinson, Sherman; Thierfelder, Karen. 2003. Free trade agreements and the SADC economies. Journal of African Economies 12(2): 156-206.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trade policy -- Africa.; Free trade.; South Africa; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97532

Importance of Sustainability on Agriculture in Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Louw,   Andre; Ndanga,   Leah Z.B.
This paper seeks to describe and discuss the impact that climate changes, and other challenges in terms of sustainability, have had on Africa and particularly on South Africa. It seeks to discuss the extent to which these changes directly and indirectly impact agriculture and the measures that are currently underway, with particular reference to South Africa, as well as suggest other strategies that could be implemented to attenuate the effects of climate change, thereby advancing the global shift towards sustainability. The paper discusses environmental and other changes that have taken place in Africa and asserts that the continent is in a particularly difficult situation in light of the debate on sustainability versus productivity. The fact that most of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Agriculture; South Africa; Climate change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96810

Improving water use efficiency under worsening scarcity: Evidence from the Middle Olifants sub-basin in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Walter,   Teresa; Kloos,   Julia; Tsegai,   Daniel W.
With the political changes in South Africa in the early 1990s, the South African government introduced a reform process in the entire water sector with the goal of a more enhanced and equitable water management system. This paper analyzes existing water allocation situations and applies a nonlinear optimization model to investigate the optimal intra- and inter-regional allocations in the Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa. Results show higher benefit from inter-regional water allocation. Reducing water supply levels to conform to the sustainable water supply policy, it can be shown that although water supply is reduced by approximately 50%, total benefits from water are only reduced by 5% and 11% for inter- and intra-regional allocation regimes...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water allocation; IWRM; Olifants basin; South Africa; Africa; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97035

Evaluation of historic, current and future water demand in the Olifants River Catchment, South Africa.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McCartney,   Matthew P.; Arranz,   Roberto.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: River basins; Catchment areas; Water resources development; Water demand; Water allocation; Simulation models; Calibrations; Water use; Irrigation water; Domestic water; Ecology; South Africa; Olifants River Catchment; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57026

Impediments to Competitiveness of Small and Medium-Scale Maize Milling Enterprises in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Orefi,   Abu.
The maize milling industry is highly characterised by continuous growth in maize milling and retailing margins in real terms (Traub and Jayne, 2004) despite the benefits and opportunities brought about by the deregulation of the South African maize market in 1997. This may be indicative of the inability of small and medium-scale maize milling enterprises (SMSMMEs) to emerge and compete with large-scale maize millers. This paper examines the constraints faced by SMSMMEs in South Africa. Data were collected with the aid of a structured questionnaire. Millers were asked to identify the various challenges facing their enterprises. Some key constraints identified were; high transport costs, high maize prices, brand name establishment and government policies...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Enterprises; Maize; Milling; South Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52123

An assessment of small-scale users’ inclusion in large-scale water user associations of South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Faysse,   Nicolas.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farmers’ associations; Water users’ associations; Water resource management; Irrigation management; Catchment areas; Legislation; Legal aspects; Water allocation; Farmer participation; Decision making; Case studies; South Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52969

Agricultural land tax and farm-level resource use and output supply response
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olubode-Awosola,   Femi.
This study develops and uses a programming model for farm-level resource use and output supply response to estimate the effects of agricultural land tax in South Africa: A case study of Free State, a region of extremely large commercial farms that gained their size and economic heft during the apartheid years of aggressive subsidies, favorable tax treatment, lucrative state grants and gifts, and all manner of financial assistance. The results indicate that changes in land use and output supply are marginal. The highest effects are observed on irrigated farming. Relevant policy responses raised by the findings are discussed.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural land tax; Farm-level; Resource use; Output supply; Land reform; South Africa; Case study; Programming model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51664

THE COST OF MEETING EQUITY: OPPORTUNITY COST OF IRRIGATION IN THE FISH-SUNDAYS SCHEME OF SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoag,   Dana L.; Conradie,   Beatrice.
In this paper the incremental values of water are calculated for irrigators in the Fish-Sundays Scheme of South Africa's Eastern Cape province. The socio-political pressure for redistribution of agricultural resources provided the imperative for this study. The model of the Fish-Sundays Scheme reflects a survey of 50 000ha of fodder and citrus production. It explicitly models the water demand on sixteen typical farms, for five irrigation technologies, six crops and four livestock activities. The existing allocation generates an average value of R0.0423/m3/year, which increases to R0.0681/m3/year if farmer-to-farmer trading is allowed given existing infrastructure. Unrestricted trade raises the average value to R0.0719/m3/year. The marginal cost of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water value; Irrigation; Linear programming; South Africa; Eastern Cape; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q12.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25832

A MODEL OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF AFRICAN HORSE SICKNESS TO THE EQUINE BREEDING INDUSTRY IN SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brooks,   Laura.
A deterministic model for the economic impact of African Horse Sickness (AHS) on the equine breeding industry was developed for South Africa. It was applied to the case of the 2007/2008 outbreak of AHS in the Eastern Cape as a pilot application of the model, using data from breeders in the province. It was concluded that the deterministic model’s extension to include other areas of equine livelihoods could be effective in exposing the need for further research into the control and treatment of AHS in South Africa.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: African horse sickness; Economic impact; South Africa; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107456

Gender, Labor, and Prime-Age Adult Mortality: Evidence from South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yamauchi,   Futoshi; Buthelezi,   Thabani; Velia,   Myriam.
This paper examines the impact of prime-age adult mortality on the transition from school to the labor market of adolescents and on decisions by female adults to participate in the labor force in South Africa. The analysis focuses on that period— 1998–2004—when South Africa experienced excess mortality due to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. We find, first, that deaths of prime-age adults significantly increase both male and female adolescents’ labor force participation because they stop their schooling in order to help support their families. Female school enrollment may also decrease because girls are required to stay at home to take care of the sick. Therefore, the total negative impact on schooling is larger among female adolescents than among male adolescents....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Prime-age adult mortality; Schooling; Labor supply; Gender; South Africa; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55893

The cost of producing milk in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands of South Africa: a cost-curve approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mkhabela,   Thulasizwe S.; Mndeme,   S.H.
The cost of producing a unit of output is a critical management aspect in the dairy industry, particularly in South Africa. The ability of minimise unit costs of producing milk, while not curtailing output levels, is often a determining factor of the long-term survival of dairy farms in South Africa. In this study, average cost curves showing the variation of unit cost with output are estimated for dairy production in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands of South Africa, using a panel of 37 farms for the period 1999 to 2007. The results show that economies of size exist, with larger farms able to produce any given level of output at lower costs compared to their smaller counterparts. The study found that the long-run average cost curve (LAC) for the sample of dairy...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cost curve; Milk; Economies of size; KwaZulu-Natal; South Africa; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62001

Estimation of Food Demand Patterns in South Africa Based on a Survey of Households
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Agbola,   Frank W.
South Africa is emerging as a major player in the world agricultural products market.  This study investigates aggregate food demand patterns in South Africa using a linear approximate almost ideal demand system (LA/AIDS) modeling framework.  Data from a 1993 integrated national household survey are employed in the analysis.  Empirical results show that demand for meat and fish, grains, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, and other foods are generally price elastic.  The expenditure elasticities imply that meat and fish and grains are luxury products, whereas dairy products, fruits, vegetables and other foods are necessities in the household diet.  The results also indicate that if income of households increases food expenditure on meat and fish and grains...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Household food demand; LA/AIDS model; South Africa; C21; D12.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43202

RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN HIRE/PURCHASE LENDING IN APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schreiner,   Mark; Graham,   Douglas H.; Cortes-Fontcuberta,   Manuel; Coetzee,   Gerhard K.; Vink,   Nick.
A partial-observability model finds evidence of racial discrimination by retailers of consumer durables in apartheid South Africa. In particular, black households are 13 percentage points more likely to demand a hire/purchase loan but not to have one supplied than are other households, all else equal.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Consumer finance; Disequilibrium models; Racial discrimination; Truncated and censored models; South Africa; Financial Economics.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21026

Private Standards, Handling and Hygiene in Fruit Export Supply Chains: A Preliminary Evaluation of the Economic Impact of Parallel Standards
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vermeulen,   Hester; Jordaan,   Daniel du Plessis Scheepers; Korsten,   Luuk; Kirsten,   Johann F.
With the emergence of private food safety and quality standards in developed countries fruit exporting countries in the developing world face increasing constraints to access markets in the rich industrialised countries in the North. Producers in the South have no alternative as to make the necessary investments on farms and in pack houses to comply with the requirements of these food quality and safety standards. The export of fresh fruit is an important component of South African agricultural exports, with citrus fruit exported to markets such as Europe being of particular importance. This paper reports results from a large research project into the impact of private standard compliance on the quality of the fruit and the returns to farmers. The research...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Supply chain analysis; Citrus; South Africa; Governance structure; Private standards; Quality; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25708

Impact of land use on river basin water balance: a case study of the Modder River Basin, South Africa.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Woyessa,   Y.E.; Pretorius,   E.; van Heerden,   Pieter S.; Hensley,   M.; van Rensburg,   L.D.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water resource management; River basins; Climate; Land cover; Land use; Runoff; Water harvesting; Farmers’ attitudes; Crop production; South Africa; Modder River Basin; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91819

Strategies for Strengthening and Scaling up Community-based Seed Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Maize; Agricultural economics; Seed production; Plant breeding; Pollination; Hybrids; Planting date; Models; Small farms; Training programmes; International cooperation; South Africa; Crop Production/Industries; E16; F03.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56181

Early Childhood Nutrition, Schooling, and Sibling Inequality in a Dynamic Context: Evidence from South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yamauchi,   Futoshi.
This paper examines the effects of early childhood nutrition on schooling inputs and outcomes to assess the dynamic nature of human capital production, using panel data from South Africa. Height-for-age Z-score is used as a measure of health and nutritional status in early childhood. Based on a comparison of siblings, this analysis concludes that improving children’s health significantly lowers the age when they start school, increases grade attainment, and decreases grade repetition in the early stage of schooling. However, this positive effect diminishes at later stages. The results also show that households allocate more of their resources (such as school fee expenditure) to healthy children at the early stage, although wealthier households may invest...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Early childhood nutrition; Health capital; Height-for-age; Schooling investments and outcomes; South Africa; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56119

Agricultural cooperatives II: Can they facilitate access of small-scale farmers in South Africa to input and product markets?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ortmann,   Gerald F.; King,   Robert P.
The objective of this research is to investigate whether agricultural cooperatives can facilitate smallholder farmer access to input and product markets. Farmers in two case study communal areas of KwaZulu-Natal face high transaction costs as reflected primarily in their low levels of education and literacy, lack of market information, insecure property rights, poor road and communication infrastructure, and long distances to markets. Analysis of the reasons why cooperatives were originally established in various parts of the world suggests that most of the causes (such as poverty, market failure and high transaction costs) also apply to the study farmers, as do the seven international principles of cooperation. Smallholder farmers in both case study...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural cooperatives; Small-scale farmers; High-value crops; Transaction costs; South Africa; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10124

The Determinants of Agricultural Export Growth in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Idsardi,   Ernst.
South Africa has relatively not been affected that significantly by the global food end economic crises. Although, the exports of South Africa’s traditional agricultural exports showed a moderate dip over the last two years. However, the country’s agricultural export base that earns valuable foreign currency is quite shallow. Against this background the study indentified ten agricultural export products which showed a significant increase in exports over the last years. These emerging agricultural exports form the basis for the analysis of the determinants of export growth. The identified determinants will provide a guideline for future trade diversification. An augmented gravity model was applied to investigate factors such as transaction cost, market...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural exports; Diversification; South Africa; Augmented gravity model; Determinants of trade; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96639

Economic Analysis of Phosphorus Applications under Variable and Single-Rate Applications in the Bothaville District
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maine,   Ntsikane; Nell,   Wilhelm T.; Lowenberg-DeBoer,   James; Alemu,   Zerihun Gudeta.
Variable-rate (VR) application of inputs in South African cash crop production is mainly concerned with fertilizer and lime, and this indicates the importance of these inputs in cash crop production. However, the profitability of VR application of inputs has not yet been investigated under South African conditions. This paper studies the maize yield response to variable-rate application of phosphorus (P) and the profitability thereof in South Africa, on the basis of data collected on a 104-hectare experimental field on a farm in the Bothaville district. The strip-plot design of 180 strips was used for this on-farm research experiment. This design involved treatments that run in the same direction across the field as planting and harvesting. The objective...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Precision agriculture; Precision farming; Site-specific phosphorus management; Variable-rate application; Fertilizer; Yield response; South Africa; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7047

The status of household food security targets in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacobs,   Peter T.
This article investigates the conceptual and methodological challenges to develop a set of baseline indicators for South African food security targets. A food security target is a well-defined and measurable goal to reduce the numbers of people who lack enough food of the right quality to live healthy lives. To derive baseline indicators for household food security, the following question is asked: what is the average cost of a nutritionally adequate food basket per person? The cost of recommended nutrient intake is based on estimates of dietary energy costs. Reported food expenditure for each household based on 2005/2006 Income and Expenditure Survey data gets compared to two dietary energy cost baskets. The food expenditure shares of the poorest...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food security; Dietary energy cost; Household expenditure; Methodology; South Africa; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58214

Perceptions of key business and financial risk by large-scale sugarcane farmers in KwaZulu-Natal in a dynamic socio-political environment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: MacNicol,   R.; Ortmann,   Gerald F.; Ferrer,   Stuart R.D.
This study identifies sources of risk that commercial sugarcane farmers in the province of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa, presently perceive to pose the greatest threat to the viability of their businesses. Sugarcane contributes approximately 82% of the income from field crops in KZN, with 72% of the crop planted by large-scale growers. Data obtained in 2006 via structured personal interviews of 76 large-scale sugarcane farmers from a stratified random sample of 110 farmers in two separate mill-supply areas of KZN were used to elicit farmers’ perceptions of various sources of risk. The most important risk sources were found to be the threat posed by land reform, minimum wage legislation and the variability of the sugar price, in that order. Land reform...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Risk sources; Farmers’ perceptions; Large-scale sugarcane farms; KwaZulu-Natal; South Africa; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8011

Community, Inequality, and Local Public Goods: Evidence From School Financing in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yamauchi,   Futoshi; Mishiyama,   Shinichi.
To examine how local income distribution affects both a community’s ability to pay for schooling and the quality of that schooling, this research merges household and school census data from South Africa. Empirical results are twofold. First, while the median income and the average household income increase school fees, inequality in household income (standard deviation) decreases school fees, which indicates that the lower tail of income distribution pulls down school fees. Second, an increase in school fees significantly improves school quality, decreasing the learner-educator ratio and increasing the number of nonsubsidized educators. The result is consistent with (1) strategic behavior of the low-income group and (2) optimal school fee determination...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Local public goods; School finance; Willingness to pay; Human capital; South Africa; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59286

Strategic focus areas and emerging trade arrangements in the South African agricultural industry since the demise of the marketing boards
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Doyer,   Ockert T.; D'Haese,   Marijke F.C.; Kirsten,   Johann F.; van Rooyen,   C.J.
This paper investigates the responses of agribusiness managers to drastic changes in the policy and marketing environment of South African agriculture. The process of deregulation and liberalisation of agricultural markets exposed agribusiness managers to international trends, which required new institutions and relationships. Based on a survey conducted among business managers, we explored emerging growth strategies, strategic focus areas and coordination preferences. Results suggest that managers prefer a growth strategy based on market penetration and market development. Important strategic drivers are value-adding and power drive. Managers expressed their preference for increased coordination and cooperation resulting in relation-based contracts and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Strategic focus areas; Institutional arrangements; South Africa; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7052

THE DETERMINANTS OF HAPPINESS AMONG RACE GROUPS IN SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ebrahim,   Amina.
This paper tests for happiness differences among race groups in South Africa and also investigates the determinants of happiness for each race group. Using data from the 2008 National Income Dynamics Survey, the results indicate that reported happiness differs substantially among race groups, with Blacks being the least happy. The determinants of happiness also differ between race groups. While Whites attached greater importance to physical health, employment status and absolute income matter greatly for Blacks. For Coloureds and Blacks, relative income is an important determinant of happiness, with religious importance significantly contributing to the happiness of Indians/Asians.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Happiness; Race; Determinants; South Africa; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Public Economics; I31; D60.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107588

Geographical Indication Protection in South Africa with Particular Reference to Wines and to the EU
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van der Merwe,   Andries.
Based on the international legal framework as established by the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), the author discusses the approach to GI protection under South African law. While South Africa has not introduced a registration system with regard to GIs, it relies, amongst other approaches, on common law approaches to defending GIs. The author further explains that certain GIs that are now protected under the EU registration regime have long been used in the South African trade environment, to the effect of having become generic. It is against this background that the author argues that in light of the strong negotiating position of the EU, the Europeans, when negotiating the free trade agreement with South Africa,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Coercion; Common Law; European Union; Geographic Indicators; South Africa; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48801

MODELLING LONG-TERM COMMODITIES: THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMULATION MODEL FOR THE SOUTH AFRICAN WINE INDUSTRY WITHIN A PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM FRAMEWORK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cutts,   Michela; Reynolds,   Sanri; Meyer,   Ferdinand H.; Vink,   Nick.
Econometric demand and supply models of agricultural commodities and crops have been around for a long time with extensive research and adaptations being made in the grain and livestock sectors. This much attention has, however, not been afforded to long term commodities. This paper presents a partial equilibrium framework for modelling long term commodities using the South African wine industry as an example. The model structure and important assumptions are presented, after which the usefulness of the model is tested in the form of baseline projections and the analysis of a typical “what if” question. The wine model presented in this paper is housed and maintained in the Bureau for Food and Agricultural Policy (BFAP) at the Department of Agriculture,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wine market; South Africa; Partial equilibrium model; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37324

Designing an effective evaluation model for the South African Department of Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Madzivhandila,   T.P.; Griffith,   Garry R.; Fleming,   Euan M.
Governments are under increasing pressure to deliver results. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency and relevance of the public service in implementing policies and programmes for social betterment. Without such evaluations, it is difficult to ensure that evidence is integrated into policy and used in practice due to lack of generalizability and learning. This paper focuses on (1) the knowledge that is relevant to understand evaluation influence, (2) the possible conceptual frameworks that enable understanding of the evaluation implementation process, (3) possible models of the process of organizational evaluation, and (4) the main ways of intervening to increase influence. The context for analysis is the South African...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Evaluation; Evaluation Influence; Policy; Programmes; South Africa; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5983

Opportunities to Improve Household Food Security Through Promoting Informal Maize Marketing Channels: Experience from Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Traub,   Lulama Ndibongo; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Maize meal is a staple food in South Africa, particularly among the poor. The South  African government by the mid-1980s enacted a series of legislations aimed at reducing the role  of  government within the market and placing increasing reliance on market forces and the private  sector. Ex post studies of the impact of maize market reform in neighboring countries found that,  in general, the reforms led to lower maize milling/retailing margins in real terms. However, in  the case of South Africa, recent analysis indicates that maize market reform has not reduced  processing and retailing margins in the maize meal supply chain. The study objectives are to  determine actual and potential consumer demand for the types of maize meal capable of being  produced...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Maize; Marketing; South Africa; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; F14.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54568

Development and Assessment of an Updated Tool for the Design of Soil and Water Conservation Structures in the Sugar Industry of South Africa
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Otim, Daniel; Smithers, Jeff; Senzanje, Aidan; van Antwerpen, Rianto; Thornton-Dibb, Sean LC.
Sugarcane in South Africa is grown on wide-ranging soils, sometimes in non-ideal climates and on steep topographies where soils are vulnerable to erosion. Sugarcane fields are protected against erosion through, inter alia, the use of engineered waterways, contour banks and spill-over roads. A comparison of design norms in the National Soil Conservation Manual and norms used in the sugar industry clearly shows discrepancies that need to be investigated. Furthermore, the sugar industry design nomograph was developed based on an unsustainable soil loss limit, does not include any regional variations of climate and the impact on soil erosion and runoff and does not include vulnerability during break cropping. The aim of this research was to develop and assess...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: ACRU; Design norm; Soil and water conservation; Soil loss; Sugarcane; South Africa.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/6047

Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida isolates from a public tertiary teaching hospital in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Mnge,P.; Okeleye,B.I.; Vasaikar,S.D.; Apalata,T.
Candida species are the leading cause of invasive fungal infections, and over the past decade there has been an increased isolation of drug resistant Candida species. This study aimed to identify the species distribution of Candida isolates and to determine their unique antifungal susceptibility and resistance patterns. During a cross-sectional study, 209 Candida isolates (recovered from 206 clinical samples) were collected and their species distribution was determined using ChromAgar Candida. The Vitek-2 system (Biomerieux, South Africa) was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to azoles (fluconazole, voriconazole), echinocandins (caspofungin, micafungin), polyenes (amphotericin B) and flucytosine. Four species of Candida were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Candida species; Distribution; Antifungal susceptibility; Identification; South Africa.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2017000600702