Consulta: subjectFacets:"Synergy"
Registros recuperados: 12
Data/hora: 08/06/2024 09:41:21

The Dynamics of Social Capital and Conflict Management in Multiple Resource Regimes:  A Case of the Southwestern Highlands of Uganda
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Sanginga, Pascal C; International Centre for Tropical Agriculture -CIAT; p.sanginga@cgiar.org; Kamugisha, Rick N; Africa Highlands Initiative; rnkamugisha@yahoo.com; Martin, Andrienne M; Natural Resources Institute; A.M.Martin@greenwich.ac.uk.
Increasingly, social capital, defined as shared norms, trust, and the horizontal and vertical social networks that facilitate coordination and cooperation for mutually beneficial collective action, is seen as an important asset upon which people rely to manage natural resources and resolve conflicts. This paper uses empirical data from households and community surveys and case studies, to examine the role, strengths, and limits of social capital in managing conflicts over the use and management of natural resources. We inventoried over 700 cases ranging from conflicts between multiple resource users to supra-community conflicts between local communities concerns for better livelihoods and national/international concerns for environment conservation....
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Bylaws; Conflicts; Gender; Highlands; Natural resources management; Social capital; Synergy; Uganda.
Ano: 2007

Ecosystem service trade-offs and synergies misunderstood without landscape history
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Tomscha, Stephanie A.; Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia; stephanie.tomscha@gmail.com; Gergel, Sarah E.; Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia; sarah.gergel@ubc.ca.
Dramatic changes in ecosystem services have motivated recent work characterizing their interactions, including identifying trade-offs and synergies. Although time is arguably implicit in these ideas of trade-offs and synergies (e.g., temporal dynamics or changes in ecosystem services), such interactions are routinely inferred based on the spatial relationships among ecosystem services alone (e.g., spatial concordance of ecosystem services indicates synergies, whereas incongruence signifies trade-offs). The limitations of this approach have not been fully explored. We quantified ecosystem service interactions using correlations among contemporary ecosystem services and compared these results to those derived by incorporating change in ecosystem services...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem service mapping; Landscape baseline; River floodplain; Synergy; Trade-off.
Ano: 2016

Oyster hemocytes express a proline-rich peptide displaying synergistic antimicrobial activity with a defensin
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gueguen, Yannick; Romestand, Bernard; Fievet, Julie; Schmitt, Paulina; Destoumieux Garzon, Delphine; Franck, Vandenbulcke; Philippe, Bulet; Bachere, Evelyne.
A cDNA sequence that encodes a 61-amino acid polypeptide precursor with homologies to proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) was identified in the oyster Crassostrea gigas. After release of a hydrophobic signal peptide. the resulting 37-amino acid peptide, Cg-Prp, is composed of an acidic region and a cationic proline-rich region. To evaluate the biological properties of Cg-Prp, multiple proline-rich peptides corresponding to putative processing of the full-length Cg-Prp were synthesized. A limited antimicrobial activity was observed for two of them, which also showed strong synergistic antimicrobial activity with Cg-Def, a defensin from C gigas. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of synergy between a defensin and another AMP in an...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Antimicrobial peptide; Mollusk; Synergy; Invertebrate; Innate immunity; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6232.pdf

Model-Observations Synergy in the Coastal Ocean
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: De Mey-frémaux, Pierre; Ayoub, Nadia; Barth, Alexander; Brewin, Robert; Charria, Guillaume; Campuzano, Francisco; Ciavatta, Stefano; Cirano, Mauro; Edwards, Christopher A.; Federico, Ivan; Gao, Shan; Garcia Hermosa, Isabel; Garcia Sotillo, Marcos; Hewitt, Helene; Hole, Lars Robert; Holt, Jason; King, Robert; Kourafalou, Villy; Lu, Youyu; Mourre, Baptiste; Pascual, Ananda; Staneva, Joanna; Stanev, Emil V.; Wang, Hui; Zhu, Xueming.
Integration of observations of the coastal ocean continuum, from regional oceans to shelf seas and estuaries/deltas with models, can substantially increase the value of observations and enable a wealth of applications. In particular, models can play a critical role at connecting sparse observations, synthesizing them, and assisting the design of observational networks; in turn, whenever available, observations can guide coastal model development. Coastal observations should sample the two-way interactions between nearshore, estuarine and shelf processes and open ocean processes, while accounting for the different pace of circulation drivers, such as the fast atmospheric, hydrological and tidal processes and the slower general ocean circulation and climate...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coastal; Ocean; Observations; Models; Synergy; Synthesis; Assimilation; Array design.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00508/61961/66050.pdf

Toxicity of binary mixtures of pesticides to the marine microalgae Tisochrysis lutea and Skeletonema marinoi: Substance interactions and physiological impacts
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dupraz, Valentin; Ménard, Dominique; Akcha, Farida; Budzinski, Hélène; Stachowski-haberkorn, Sabine.
This study screened binary mixtures of pesticides for potential synergistic interaction effects on growth of the marine microalgae Tisochrysis lutea and Skeletonema marinoi. It also examined the single and combined effects of three of the most toxic substances on microalgal physiology. Single substances were first tested on each microalgal species to determine their respective EC50 and concentration-response relationships. The toxicity of six and seven binary mixtures was then evaluated in microplate experiments on the growth of T. lutea and S. marinoi, respectively, using two mixture modelling approaches: isobolograms and the MIXTOX tool, based on Concentration Addition (CA) or Independent Action (IA) models. Significant cases of antagonism (for both...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: ROS; Photosynthesis; Lipids; Synergy; Isoproturon; Metazachlor.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00488/59928/63131.pdf

Modelling Synergies and Scope Economies between Farm Enterprises and Ecosystem Outputs in the Agricultural Sector in England and Wales
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Hadley,   David; Holloway,   Garth J.
Interest has been growing in the nature of synergies in agroecosystems, prompted in part by growing concerns about the effects of environmental degradation on agricultural productivity and interrelations between agricultural outputs and ecosystem outputs. Most productivity analyses focus on technology, technical inefficiency and scale effects on productivity; yet scope economies derived from synergies can also have substantial effects that are likely to increase in the future. Scope economies take on special importance when farms diversify to halt declining biodiversity and other forms of environmental degradation. We present results of an empirical case study based on panel data on farms in England and Wales. A stochastic input distance function is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Ecosystem outputs; Scope economies; Synergy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59076

Assessing the potential for synergy in the implementation of Payment for Environmental Services (PES) programs: an empirical analysis in Costa Rica
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Wei; Pagiola,   Stefano.
Payment for environmental services (PES) is a promising mechanism for conservation. It also has the potential to contribute to social objectives such as poverty reduction. To promote synergy in the implementation of PES, however, a number of conditions on spatial, economic, ecological, and institutional feasibilities are essential. This study discusses factors affecting the synergy prospect of PES and provides a simple framework for assessing the potential for synergy in the implementation of PES, focusing on spatial correlation of thematic areas and funding availability for payments. We apply the framework to an empirical analysis of the “water funding” in Costa Rica, a new conservation financing source generated by water tariff revenue and will be...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Payment for Environmental Services (PES); Synergy; Poverty reduction; Watershed conservation; Biodiversity conservation; Costa Rica; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51794

Synergic interaction between ascorbic acid and antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Cursino,Luciana; Chartone-Souza,Edmar; Nascimento,Andréa Maria Amaral.
Studies were carried out on in vitro combination of ascorbic acid (AA) with six antibiotics against 12 multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Synergic activity was detected with AA chloramphenicol, kanamycin, streptomycin and tetracycline. Indifference was observed to any antibiotics and antagonism only for chloramphenicol. Results indicated that multiresistant P. aeruginosa was affected by combination of AA and antibiotics. Future research on ascorbic acid-antimicrobial interactions may find new methods to control strains of multiresistant P. aeruginosa.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ascorbic acid; Antibiotic; Synergy; Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132005000300007

Synergistic control of forearm based on accelerometer data and artificial neural networks
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Mijovic,B.; Popovic,M.B.; Popovic,D.B.
In the present study, we modeled a reaching task as a two-link mechanism. The upper arm and forearm motion trajectories during vertical arm movements were estimated from the measured angular accelerations with dual-axis accelerometers. A data set of reaching synergies from able-bodied individuals was used to train a radial basis function artificial neural network with upper arm/forearm tangential angular accelerations. The trained radial basis function artificial neural network for the specific movements predicted forearm motion from new upper arm trajectories with high correlation (mean, 0.9149-0.941). For all other movements, prediction was low (range, 0.0316-0.8302). Results suggest that the proposed algorithm is successful in generalization over...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Synergy; Accelerometers; Artificial neural network; Control; Neural prosthesis; Functional electrical stimulation.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000500007

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) Macbr.
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Oliveira Júnior,Joel Quintino de; Jesus,Ederson da Conceição; Lisboa,Francy Junio; Berbara,Ricardo Luis Louro; Faria,Sergio Miana de.
Abstract The family Leguminosae comprises approximately 20,000 species that mostly form symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB). This study is aimed at investigating and confirming the dependence on nodulation and biological nitrogen fixation in the specie Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) Macbr., which belongs to the Piptadenia group. Two consecutive experiments were performed in a greenhouse. The experiments were fully randomized with six replicates and a factorial scheme. For the treatments, the two AMF species and three NFB strains were combined to nodulate P. gonoacantha in addition to the control treatments. The results indicate this species’ capacity for nodulation without the AMF; however, the AMF + NFB...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Synergy; Nodulation; Biological nitrogen fixation; “Pau-jacaré”.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822017000100095

Carum copticum and Thymus vulgaris oils inhibit virulence in Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus spp
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Khan,Mohd Sajjad Ahmad; Ahmad,Iqbal; Cameotra,Swaranjit Singh.
Emergence of drug-resistant strains has demanded for alternative means of combating fungal infections. Oils of Carum copticum and Thymus vulgaris have long been used in ethnomedicine for ailments of various fungal infections. Since their activity has not been reported in particular against drug-resistant fungi, this study was aimed to evaluate the effects of oils of C. copticum and T. vulgaris on the growth and virulence of drug-resistant strains of Aspergillus spp. and Trichophyton rubrum. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed thymol constituting 44.71% and 22.82% of T. vulgaris and C. copticum, respectively. Inhibition of mycelial growth by essential oils was recorded in the order of thymol &gt; T. vulgaris &gt; C. copticum against...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anti-elastase activity; Arthroconidia; Synergy; Thymol; Virulence.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822014000200021

Synergy: an old wisdom, a new paradigm for pharmacotherapy
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Biavatti,Maique Weber.
Synergy is one of the governing principles of the natural world, and is one of the reasons for the increasing complexity of the evolutionary process. Broadly speaking, it relates to the cooperative effects produced by the interaction between various forces, elements, parts or individuals in a given context. Since the last century, some clinical studies have described the increased efficiency of a combination of drugs. To study the effects of the drug interactions, the most commonly cited model is that of Loewe, and the classical graphical representation is the iso-effect curve (isobologram). Plants contain an enormous diversity of specialized micromolecules, therefore there is a high likelihood of interactions between them. Through recent synergy studies,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Natural extracts; Synergy; Phytotherapeutics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502009000300002