Consulta: subjectFacets:"Technical barriers to trade"
Registros recuperados: 8
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 19:15:27

La certificación de la calidad del producto, una alternativa de competitividad y negociación para el sector agroalimentario.
Provedor de dados: Depósito Institucional Abierto de Documentos Digitales del Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS DIGITAL )
Autores: Palacios Bautista, Elías.
La eliminación paulatina de los aranceles en la comercialización de los productos agroalimentarios, dio origen a nuevas disposiciones y a la utilización de las medidas no arancelarias (MNA), conocidas como obstáculos técnicos al comercio (OTC), es decir, las medidas sanitarias y fitosanitarias que restringen la importación y exportación de los productos que no cumplen con dichas regulaciones. Los OTC, responden a objetivos de política pública tales como: asegurar la salud, la seguridad y el bienestar de los consumidores, pero también pueden ser aplicados de manera tal que obstaculicen el comercio. El utilizar los OTC, involucra conceptos como calidad, inocuidad y certificación de productos, cuyo objetivo es evitar el brote de las Enfermedades Transmitidas...
Palavras-chave: Obstáculos técnicos al comercio; Medidas no arancelarias; Enfermedades transmitidas por los alimentos; Calidad; Inocuidad; Certificación; Estándares de certificación; Technical barriers to trade; Non-tariff measures; Foodborne diseases; Quality; Safety; Certification; Standard Certification; Economía; Maestría.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2245

Non-tariff Barriers to Trade Caused by SPS Measures and Customs Procedures with Product Quality Changes
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Liu,   Lan; Yue,   Chengyan.
This study develops a methodology to quantify the combined effects of two major nontariff barriers (NTBs), sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures and customs and administrative procedures. We employ a constant elasticity of substitution (CES) utility function with factor-augmenting technical progress to incorporate changes in the quality of goods. We then estimate the effects of these two NTBs in the Japanese cut flower market. Results show that estimates of SPS are biased without considering product quality changes caused by the customs and administrative procedures for highly perishable agricultural products. If these Japanese NTBs were removed, findings suggest there would be a significant increase in cut flower imports by Japan.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Customs and administrative procedures; Cut flowers; Japan; Non-tariff barriers; Sanitary and phytosanitary measures; Technical barriers to trade; Trade; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50087

Quantification of Sanitary, Phytosanitary, and Technical Barriers to Trade for Trade Policy Analysis
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Beghin,   John C.; Bureau,   Jean-Christophe.
This paper presents promising methodologies for modeling and quantifying nontariff barriers (NTB) to trade in the agricultural and food sectors. We limit the analysis to sanitary, phytosanitary, and technical regulations that can have an impact on trade and to methods that provide some quantitative estimates of the impact of such barriers on market equilibrium, trade flows, economic efficiency, and welfare. Given the heterogeneous nature of these regulations, a unifying methodology does not exist. Quantification of the effects of such measures has focused on a particular product and has relied on methods that belong to different fields of the economic literature. We provide a concise description and evaluation of the various methods available for a more...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Non-tariff barriers; NTB; Policy; Sanitary and phytosanitary; SPS; TBT; Technical barriers to trade; Trade; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18620

RATIONAL INCOMPATIBILITY WITH INTERNATIONAL PRODUCT STANDARDS
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Barrett,   Christopher B.; Yang,   Yi-Nung.
This paper considers the incentives of firms to conform to an exogenous international product standard. Product standardization enables traditional, price-based international competition.  But the existence of redesign costs or network effects creates market frictions that diminish the incentive to standardize if there already exists a different technology in an established market. This leads to multi-attribute competition between products and will generally reduce trade flows. Not only do incumbent firms using a different technology have an incentive to deviate from the international standard, but a host country government that is also concerned for the welfare of consumers who own the old technology has no incentive to enforce the international standard....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Compatibility; International standardization; Network effects; Redesign costs; Technical barriers to trade; International Relations/Trade; F02; F13; F15; L11; L13; L51.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14597

The Role of Science in Trade Agreements
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Colyer,   Dale.
Member nations of the World Trade Organization are permitted to develop regulations that might restrict trade if they do so for the purpose of protecting human, animal or plant life or health. The regulations, under both the Sanitary/Phytosanitary and Technical Barriers to Trade agreements, must be based on science, be non-discriminatory and be the least-trade-restrictive alternative. Uncertainty, a lack of adequate scientific evidence and differing interpretations have led to disputes about regulations applied by particular countries. If consultations cannot resolve the issues, dispute settlement panels and an appellate body adjudicate them; in these forums, scientific knowledge, studies and testimony by scientists play key roles.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Dispute settlement; International trade; Precautionary principle; Sanitary/phytosanitary provisions; Technical barriers to trade; World Trade Organization; International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23820

Tariff Equivalent of Technical Barriers to Trade with Imperfect Substitution and Trade Costs
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Yue,   Chengyan; Beghin,   John C.; Jensen,   Helen H.
The price-wedge method yields a tariff-equivalent estimate of technical barriers to trade (TBT). An extension of this method accounts for imperfect substitution between domestic and imported goods and incorporates recent findings on trade costs. We explore the sensitivity of this revamped TBT estimate to its key determinants (substitution elasticity, preference for home good, and trade cost). We use the augmented approach to investigate the ongoing US-Japan apple trade dispute and find that removing the Japanese TBT would yield limited export gains to the United States. We then draw policy implications of our findings.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Apple; Japan; SPS; TBT; Technical barriers to trade; Trade cost; Trade dispute; WTO; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18338

Information Cost: A Prior Hurdle to Exporting
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wei,   Xuan; Thornsbury,   Suzanne.
This paper empirically investigates how information cost, as part of trade costs, affects the decision of an individual firm to export. We use cross section firm-level data to examine how the difficulty of obtaining information on technical regulations in the European Union (EU) and the United States actually reduces firm incentives to export to these two destinations. Results suggest that increased information cost significantly reduces the probability of exporting for an individual firm, beyond tariff and other nontariff barriers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Information cost; Probit; Technical barriers to trade; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51745

Information Cost As A Prior Hurdle to Exporting
Provedor de dados: Research in Agricultural & Applied Economics (AgEcon Searh)
Autores: Wei,   Xuan; Thornsbury,   Suzanne.
In this paper, we empirically assess how information cost, as one component of trade costs, impacts the decision of an individual firm to export. Firm-level data measuring the difficulty of obtaining information about technical regulations in the European Union (EU) and the United States is used as a proxy for information cost to evaluate reduction in firm incentives to export. Results suggest that information cost significantly reduces the likelihood of exporting to these two destinations. Negative impacts are relatively larger for a firm exporting to the United States than to the EU.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Information cost; Trade costs; Non-tariff; Technical barriers to trade; Probit; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; F14; L25.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103622