Consulta: subjectFacets:"Tobacco"
Registros recuperados: 42
Data/hora: 17/06/2024 14:30:12

Expression of the antibody 14D9 in Nicotiana tabacum hairy roots
Provedor de dados: 69
Autores: Martínez,Carolina; Petruccelli,Silvana; Giulietti,Ana María; Alvarez,María Alejandra.
Nicotiana tabacum hairy roots that express the antibody 14D9 were established. The 14D9 antibody yield obtained after 20 days of culture was 5.95 &amp;#956;g 14D9ml-1. The addition of the reticulum endoplasmic retention sequence KDEL demonstrated a positive effect over the intracellular 14D9 amounts with a yield increase up to 20.82 µg ml-1. DMSO increased the antibody amount in the biomass from 20.00 to 64.03 µg ml-1 while PVP (at 1.5 gl-1) and gelatine (at 5.0 gl-1) increased total 14D9 amounts in the culture medium to 25 µg and 14 µg respectively
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Catalytic antibodies; In vitro cultures; Molecular farming; Recombinant antibodies; Tobacco.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582005000200006

Comparison of risk factors among blood donors, volunteers and replacement individuals, infected or not by hepatitis C virus
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Felippe,MJDB; Meira,DA.
Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily parenterally by contaminated blood and is often associated with: intravenous drug abuse, invasive procedures, blood transfusions, acupuncture, tattooing, and alcohol and tobacco use. This study aimed to quantify and evaluate the risk factors among blood donors, volunteer blood donors and replacement individuals, infected or not by the C virus. The main transmission routes of C virus were identified in 55 men and 25 women (GI) monitored by the Ambulatory Unit of the Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, and in 24 men and 26 women (GII), all active blood donors at the Bauru State Hospital Transfusional Agency. Both groups were similar in: tobacco and alcohol consumption, sexual behavior, tattooing and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis C; Risk factors; Blood donors; Injectable drugs; Tobacco; Alcohol; Marijuana; Sexual behavior.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000100010

U.S. Tobacco Growers’ Concern about the Impact of the FDA Regulation of Tobacco Products
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Feleke,   Shiferaw T.; Starnes,   Jane H.; Tiller,   Kelly.
The objective of the paper is to establish an empirical relationship between household characteristics and tobacco growers’ perception of the impact of the FDA regulation. A logistic model is applied on primary data that came from the Center for Tobacco Grower Research’s (CTGR’s) 2011 mail survey of tobacco producers. Results indicate that over 80 percent of the sample tobacco growers are concerned about the impact of the FDA regulation. The profiles of growers who reported to be concerned about the impact of the FDA regulation are not significantly different from those of growers who reported that they are not concerned or somewhat concerned. This result highlights the importance of engaging all groups of growers in discussion to elaborate whether, and if...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tobacco; U.S. Food and Drug Adminstration; Regulation; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119792

Trade and Development When Exports Lack Diversification: A Case Study From Malawi
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Persaud,   Suresh Chand; Meade,   Birgit Gisela Saager.
Developing countries, particularly those that depend heavily on a small number of agricultural exports, are vulnerable to domestic and international shocks. These countries often have difficulty achieving sustained economic growth. This analysis uses Malawi, a country that earns most of its foreign exchange from tobacco, as a case study of export concentration and heavy exposure to volatility. The econometric results suggest that the decline in Malawi’s gross domestic product (GDP) when tobacco exports are falling is almost three times greater than the increase in GDP when exports are rising. Model-based simulations indicate that variability in tobacco exports leads to slower economic growth because GDP falls by a relatively large amount in response to a...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Malawi; Tobacco; Export-led growth; Asymmetry; Volatility; Productivity; Trade; Development; Marketing efficiency; Price transmission; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55943

Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxation as Public Health Policy -Lessons from Tobacco
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chaloupka,   Frank J.; Powell,   Lisa M.; Chriqui,   Jamie F.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Taxation; Tobacco; Obesity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117065

Post-Buyout Structural Change in the Peanut and Tobacco Sectors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dohlman,   Erik; Foreman,   Linda F.; Da Pra,   Michelle.
When longstanding marketing quota systems were eliminated (“bought out”) in 2002 for peanuts and 2004 for tobacco, producers lost quota-related price supports and other quota system protections, and were exposed more directly to a market-oriented system. The nature of the peanut and tobacco marketing quota programs, the structure and magnitude of the buyouts, and market dynamics influenced the ensuing structural changes that occurred at the farm, regional, and aggregate market levels. Analysis of USDA’s Agricultural Resource Management Surveys (ARMS) on peanut and tobacco producers over a multi-year timeframe provides insights on, and a basis for comparing and contrasting the buyout impacts along multiple dimensions. Notable developments include a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Peanuts; Tobacco; Policy; Marketing quotas; Buyouts; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56355

A PRIMER for Selecting New Enterprises for Your Farm
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Woods,   Timothy A.; Isaacs,   Steven G.
This publication is designed to help producers evaluate new enterprises for their farms of family businesses. It is based on a set of worksheets to help evaluate Profitability, Resource requirements, Information needs, Marketing decisions, Enthusiasm for, and the Risk associated with a new enterprise.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Alternatives; Marketing; Business plan; Diversification; Tobacco; Agribusiness; Marketing.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42316

Tobacco Farmer Interest and Success in Income Diversification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beach,   Robert H.; Jones,   Alison Snow; Tooze,   Janet A.
As farm income from tobacco production has declined in recent years, there has been increasing interest in identifying alternative sources of income for tobacco farmers in the southern United States The recent termination of the tobacco quota program has accelerated the exit of tobacco farmers and has heightened concern regarding the availability of substitutes for tobacco production. In this study, we examine factors influencing tobacco farmers’ attempts to identify profitable alternatives to tobacco, their off-farm employment behavior, and changes in acres of tobacco cultivated using survey data collected from a panel of North Carolina tobacco farmers combined with market data
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Diversification; Farm programs; Farmer survey; Quota buyout; Tobacco; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Financial Economics; C33; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45045

THE CHANGING POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT FOR TOBACCO -- IMPLICATIONS FOR SOUTHERN TOBACCO FARMERS, RURAL ECONOMIES, TAXPAYERS, AND CONSUMERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brown,   A. Blake; Snell,   William M.; Tiller,   Kelly.
The farm level economic implications of the political turmoil surrounding tobacco are examined. Tobacco ranks first in crop receipts in the Southeastern United States. Free market advocates typically want to eliminate the tobacco program because of its cartel-like nature. Health advocates want to maintain the program because it limits tobacco production. Cigarette manufacturers tolerate the program because of the political support they receive from program stakeholders. The effects of cigarette price increases with and without a program are examined. Whether or not the program is maintained in the face of declining tobacco demand has significant implications for Southern agriculture.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cigarette price; Health advocates; Political; Southern agriculture; Tobacco; Tobacco program; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15387

Market Access by Smallholder Farmers in Malawi: Implications for Technology Adoption, Agricultural Productivity, and Crop Income
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Diagne,   Aliou; Mataya,   Charles.
In Malawi, maize is the major crop and food staple. Given limited off-farm employment opportunities, much-needed increases in household income for improving food security must come from gains in agricultural productivity through better technology and more profitable crops. In the past, agricultural policy promoted hybrid maize and, more recently, tobacco to increase smallholder income. This paper presents an analysis of what determines the adoption of these two crops and what kind of income effects follow from adoption. Apart from factor endowment and exposure to agroecological risks, differences in the household's access to financial and commodity markets significantly influence its cropping shares and farm income.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Employment; Non-agricultural; Malawi; Tobacco; Price; Food Security; Maize; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97054

METODOLOGIA DE AVALIAÇÃO DAS POLÍTICAS DE DIVERSIFICAÇÃO EM ÁREAS CULTIVADAS COM TABACO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perondi,   Miguel Angelo; Bonato,   Amadeu Antonio; Schneider,   Sergio; Gregolin,   Adriana Claderan; Peraci,   Adoniran Sanches.
O artigo propõe um método para avaliar as políticas de diversificação em áreas de cultivo do tabaco. É um desenho em resposta à demanda apresentada pela Secretaria da Convenção das Partes da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) sobre a necessidade de haver uma metodologia para compararar as políticas de reconversão dos países produtores de fumo. O artigo relaciona o desenvolvimento rural com as políticas de combate a pobreza, principalmente, via a promoção da capacidade de diversificação. A seguir, descreve a presença econômica do tabaco no Mundo e no Brasil e trata das políticas públicas que contribuem para a diversificação nas áreas de cultivo do tabaco. Por fim, o artigo apresenta a abordagem de diversificação dos meios de vida como método de estudos...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Meios de vida; Diversificação; Agricultura familiar; Fumicultura; Livelihoods; Diversification; Family farm; Tobacco; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113985

The Post-Buyout Experience:  Peanut and Tobacco Sectors Adapt to Policy Reform
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dohlman,   Erik; Foreman,   Linda F.; Da Pra,   Michelle.
Marketing quota and price support programs for peanuts and tobacco were a longstanding feature of U.S. farm policy, from the 1930s until the Government enacted quota buyouts, in 2002 for peanuts and 2004 for tobacco. Quota owners were compensated with temporary payments, but elimination of the quota programs exposed producers more to market risks and brought about structural changes at farm, regional, and marketwide levels. Since the buyouts, many peanut and tobacco farms have exited production. The farms that remain are mostly larger and have adopted new risk management strategies, such as contracting. Freed of the planting restrictions in the quota programs, production of peanuts, and to a lesser extent of tobacco, has been relocated to regions better...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Policy reform; Farm policy; Buyouts; Marketing quotas; Peanuts; Tobacco; Adjustment; Structural change; Agricultural and Food Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56628

Aggregate and Farm-level Productivity Growth in Tobacco: Before and After the Quota Buyout
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kirwan,   Barrett E.; White,   T. Kirk; Uchida,   Shinsuke.
We examine the distortionary effects of agricultural policy on farm productivity by examining the response of U.S. tobacco farmers' productivity to the quota buyout of 2004. We isolate the impact of distortionary policy, i.e., the tobacco quota, by decomposing aggregate productivity growth into the contribution of farm-level productivity growth and the contribution of reallocation of resources among tobacco growers. Reallocation of resources includes entry into and exit from tobacco farming, as well as growth or decline of the resources allocated to existing tobacco farms. We find that aggregate productivity of Kentucky tobacco farms grew 37% between 2002 and 2007.  Reallocation of resources among continuing tobacco farms contributed 22 percentage points...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Quotas; Aggregate Productivity Growth; Re-allocation; Crop Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; E32; L6; O47.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56353

MEASURING THE QUALITY OF IMPORTED TOBACCO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Davis,   George C.; Hewitt,   William J.
Domestic tobacco producers have faced increasing competition from imported tobacco since the late 1970s. Much of the debate has centered on the unknown quality of imported tobacco. This study provides a discussion and clarification of the concept of quality, and demonstrates a method of measuring the average quality of imported tobacco. The results show that since 1977, imported tobacco has been steadily decreasing in average quality and moving toward lower quality producing countries and types of tobacco. The reasons for this decline are discussed along with the policy implications.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Index numbers; Quality; Tobacco; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15236

O PAPEL DA PRODUÇÃO DE BIOCOMBUSTÍVEIS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL: UMA ANÁLISE NO ARRANJO FUMAGEIRO GAÚCHO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wegner,   Douglas; Santos,   Manoela Silveira Dos; Padula,   Antonio Domingos.
O presente artigo explora o papel da produção de biocombustíveis para o desenvolvimento local endógeno. A análise foi realizada na Região do Vale do Rio Pardo (RS), tradicional produtora de tabaco que concentra as principais multinacionais do setor e possui alta dependência em relação ao produto. O recrudescimento das campanhas antitabagistas e a criação de legislações mais rigorosas serviram de alerta à região para os riscos da dependência em relação à cadeia produtiva do tabaco. Atualmente, são desenvolvidos localmente dois projetos baseados na produção de biocombustíveis que buscam o desenvolvimento local sustentável, aproveitando as potencialidades da região. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada caracteriza-se como uma abordagem qualitativa, e a coleta...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento local; Sustentabilidade; Biocombustíveis; Agricultura familiar; Local development; Sustainability; Biofuels; Family farmers; Tobacco; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109662

THE WORLD AND DOMESTIC MARKETS FOR TOBACCO AND TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Djorovic,   Milutin; Stevanovic,   Simo; Lazic,   Verica.
Original scientific paper
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Tobacco products; Manufacture; Market; Trade; Exports; Imports; Balance; Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade; F19; E21.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123956

What Does the “Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act” Mean to Tobacco Growers?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tiller,   Kelly; Starnes,   Jane H.; Feleke,   Shiferaw T.
The “Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act” was signed into law on June 22, 2009. The bill grants the Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA) an authority to regulate the manufacturing and marketing of tobacco products. Tobacco leaf is not subject to the regulation. As a result, it is not apparent what it does mean to tobacco growers. However, since the demand for tobacco is in large part determined by the demand for cigarettes, a change in demand for cigarettes due to the FDA regulation can affect the demand for tobacco. This paper explores the economic welfare consequences of the bill to tobacco growers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Policy; Tobacco; Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56448

CHANGING TOBACCO MARKETS: EFFECTS ON BURLEY TOBACCO FARMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tiller,   Kelly; Ray,   Daryll E.; Slinsky,   Stephen P.
Three representative Tennessee tobacco farms are used to estimate farm-level impacts of (1) program continuation with further quota cuts, and (2) program elimination in 2000.  Results indicate that program elimination has more potential to reduce farm income and that larger and more diversified farms are less affected in both scenarios.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Farm-level analysis; Representative farms; Tennessee agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21595

Innováció a javából: a dohányzásról leszoktató cigaretta
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hajdune Borsos,   Adrienn.
A füstmentes társadalom megvalósításáról szól az írás. Alapja pályázati forrásból kidolgozott új gyártmány, melynek használatával feloldható a dohányzás szenvedélye, a leszokás kellemetlen fiziológiai kínjai nélkül. Az eredmény: tudatos egészségvédelem, jelentős gazdasági előnnyel! Az alapgondolat Szőke Éva professzor asszonytól származik, miszerint a lobélia addicionálja a nikotin hatását. Ebből indult ki az az innováció, ami az alapanyag-termelésen keresztül eljutott a „0” széria előállításáig, majd a szabványos degusztáció igazolta a kísérlet hipotézisét. A „kísérleti készítményt” a gyógynövénykészítmények közé indokolt sorolni, esetleg ANTINIKOTEX találó néven. Elterjesztése érdekében „közegészségügyi” besorolása ajánlható – társadalmi jelentősége...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Dohány; Szenvedély; Egészségkockázat; Lobélia; Gazdaságos életvitel; Tobacco; Abuse; Health risk; Lobelia; Economical lifestyle; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Marketing.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119923

A Misguided Tobacco Policy? Public Policy and Consumption Substitutability Between Cigarettes and An Important Smokeless Tobacco Alternative
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maki,   Jennifer.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Snus; Tobacco; Smokeless Tobacco; Agricultural and Food Policy; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103620

HOPES AND FEARS: THE NEW WORLD TRADE NEGOTIATIONS AND SOUTHERN AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marchant,   Mary A.
Understanding the impacts of the Uruguay Round (UR) Agreement on southern commodities serves as a starting point to assess the potential impacts of the next global trade negotiations in terms of hope (expanding export markets) and fear (new competition).  Key issues examined include whether or not the UR Agreement resulted in new markets or new competition for key southern commodities-cotton, poultry, tobacco, and rice.  For new markets, export data were analyzed to determine if exports increased since the passage of the UR Agreement in 1994.  Also, countries that are leading world importers of these southern commodities were identified and data analyzed to determine whether the U.S. is exporting to these top markets.  Alternatively, to assess whether the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Cotton; General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT); International trade; Poultry; Rice; The South; Tobacco; Uruguay Round Agreements; World Trade Organization (WTO); International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15367

ARRANJO PRODUTIVO FUMAGEIRO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL: UM ESTUDO SOBRE OS NOVOS CENÁRIOS COMPETITIVOS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alievi,   Rejane Maria; Wegner,   Douglas; Maciel,   Alessandra Costenaro.
O artigo analisa as especificidades e as estratégias competitivas do arranjo produtivo fumageiro, localizado na Região do Vale do Rio Pardo, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul.  Historicamente, a cadeia produtiva fumageira é a atividade que dinamiza a economia regional. Porém, com o aumento das campanhas antitabagistas e a assinatura de acordos internacionais para controle do consumo de cigarros, estudos sobre concentração e dependência produtiva são necessários para que estas economias possam analisar oportunidades para promover a diversificação da produção. Neste sentido, o estudo baseou-se nas abordagens teóricas sobre arranjos produtivos locais e realizou entrevistas em profundidade com os principais agentes que atuam direta e indiretamente no arranjo...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tabaco; Arranjo produtivo local; Agricultura; Estratégias; Tobacco; Local productive arrangement; Agriculture; Strategies; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109714

Effects of Trade Liberalization on Agriculture in Malaysia: Commodity Aspects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tengku Ahmad,   Tengku Mohd Ariff; Tawang,   Ariffin.
This book analyzes commodity aspects of the effects of trade liberalization on agriculture in Malaysia. The study describes the effects of trade liberalization on selected commodities namely palm oil, rice, and tobacco at the national level and farm level. The analysis included ex-ante and ex-post welfare gain and loss at the national level and profitability at the farm level.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Trade liberalization; Farmers; Palm oils; Rice; Tobacco; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32694

Tobacco Product Demand, Cigarette Taxes, and Market Substitution
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Da Pra,   Michelle; Arnade,   Carlos Anthony.
This paper presents a model of estimated demand for four tobacco products: cigarettes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and smoking tobacco products. Own elasticities and cross-price elasticities are used to obtain insights into the effectiveness and implications of new policy measures. Of particular interest is whether substitution of various tobacco products varies by market outlet. Several variations of the tobacco product outlet-choice model were estimated using iterative SUR. Four separate product-specific models where also estimated and represent consumers’ choice of a retail market outlet to purchase a particular tobacco product. In contrast to the joint product-outlet choice model, the two stage budgeting model rests on the assumption that consumers first...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Demand estimation; Market outlet; Price premiums; Two-stage budgeting; Cigarette tax; Demand and Price Analysis; Health Economics and Policy; Marketing.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49210

PRICE VERSUS QUOTA REDUCTIONS: U.S. FLUE-CURED TOBACCO POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brown,   A. Blake; Martin,   Laura L.
Declining domestic cigarette consumption, increased global competition, and loss of import restrictions indicate decreased demand for U.S. flue-cured tobacco. The effects of 10% declines in domestic and export demand are evaluated under a policy of reducing quota to maintain price versus a policy of allowing price to fall to maintain quota. Changes in prices, quantities, revenues, and economic rents are simulated. Losses to nonfarming quota owners are minimized under a policy of price maintenance, while losses in revenues to tobacco-producing areas are minimized by a policy of quota maintenance. Aggregate losses to tobacco growers are greater under a policy of quota maintenance.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Flue-cured; Policy; Price reduction; Quota; Tobacco; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15112

Tobacco Farmer Interest and Success in Diversification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jones,   Alison Snow; Beach,   Robert H.; Johnston,   Stephen A.
As U.S. farm income from tobacco production has declined in recent years, there has been increased interest in developing alternative sources of farm revenue to replace lost tobacco income, particularly in tobacco-dependent communities of the southeastern United States.  The recent end of the tobacco quota program is expected to accelerate the exit of tobacco farmers and has heightened concern regarding the availability of profitable substitutes for tobacco.  In this study, we examine the impact of farm, household, and market characteristics on tobacco farmer interest and success in on-farm and off-farm income diversification.  Using survey data collected from a panel of North Carolina tobacco farmers in 1997, 1999, 2001, and 2004 combined with market data...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Farm diversification; Household model; Quota buyout.; Farm Management.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19151

TESTING FOR MONOPSONY POWER IN MULTIPLE INPUT MARKETS:  A NONPARAMETRIC APPROACH WITH APPLICATION TO CIGARETTE MANUFACTURING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Raper,   Kellie Curry; Love,   H. Alan.
Monopsony power by cigarette manufacturers in procuring domestic and imported tobacco is investigated using a nonparametric method previously developed by Love and Shumway.  Their test is extended to assess monopsony market power in multiple input markets.  Results indicate that cigarette manufacturers exert significant monopsony power in the domestic tobacco market and exert little monopsony power in the international tobacco market.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market power; Tobacco; Nonparametric; Monopsony.; Agribusiness; L1.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23966

Policy Reform in the Tobacco Industry:  Producers Adapt to a Changing Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Foreman,   Linda F.; McBride,   William D.
The Fair and Equitable Tobacco Reform Act of 2004 eliminated tobacco quotas and tobacco price supports and allowed producers to plant any amount or type of tobacco regardless of geographic location. The authors found that flue-cured tobacco producers made greater adjustments  to their operations after the buyout than did burley tobacco producers. Flue-cured tobacco producers were more likely to increase tobacco acres per farm, pushing up the tobacco acreage per farm at a faster rate compared with burley tobacco producers. Flue-cured producers also were more likely to invest in their tobacco enterprises and invested more per farm after 2004. As a result of increased acreage, tobacco  operations became more sensitive to changes in labor costs. With over 75...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Structural change; Farm adjustments; Adaptations; Agricultural Resources Management Survey (ARMS) Acknowledgments; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117969

Post-Buyout Burley Tobacco Production and Trends in the Traditional Burley Regions of Tennessee, North Carolina and Virginia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tiller,   Kelly; Jones,   Lakeya.
The 2004 federal tobacco buyout ended the longstanding tobacco quota and price support programs, and also eliminated all tobacco reporting requirements.  Producers are adjusting to the free market with scant information.  The 2006 Burley Tobacco Survey provides an initial glimpse of post-buyout burley tobacco production, trends, challenges, and expectations.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Quota buyout; Farmer survey; Tobacco production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34987

The Economics of Smallholder Households in Tobacco and Cotton Growing Areas of the Zambezi Valley of Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benfica,   Rui M.S.; Zandamela,   Julieta; Miguel,   Arlindo; de Sousa,   Natercia.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Tobacco; Cotton; Household; Zambezi Valley; Mozambique; Crop Production/Industries; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56064

MONOPSONY POWER IN MULTIPLE INPUT MARKETS: A Nonparametric Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Raper,   Kellie Curry; Love,   H. Alan.
Cigarette manufacturers' monopsony power exertion in procuring domestic and imported tobacco is investigated using nonparametric methods.  While it is often assumed that tobacco program rents are captured by growers, results indicate the opposite actually occurs.  Cigarette manufacturers appear to exert significant monopsony power in the domestic leaf tobacco market and capture a large portion of program rents.  Cigarette manufacturers appear to exert monopsony power of much smaller magnitude in the international leaf tobacco market, but with increasing magnitude in more recent years.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market power; Tobacco; Nonparametric; Monopsony; Imports.; International Relations/Trade; L1.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11656

Gibberellin action on growth, development and production of  tobacco
Provedor de dados: 22
Autores: Almeida, A. Q. de; Vieira, E. L.
This work aimed at evaluating the action of gibberellin on growth, development and production of Nicotiana tabacum L., Type Brasil-Bahia. Liquid gibberellin in doses of 0, 1.25, 3.75, 6.75 and 10.0 mL L-1 was sprayed on leaves of plants grown in greenhouse. The pelleted seeds were sowed in expanded polystyrene trays containing PlantMax®. Fifteen days after sowing (DAS), the treatments were applied. Six sprayings were made once a day, every five days. After 43 DAS, the number of leaves, length of the stem and root, dry matter of stem, leaves and roots, and leaf area were evaluated. In the field, the plants remained for 64 days and the number of total leaves, number of feasible leaves, plant height, dry matter of stem and leaves, and leaf area were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Elongation; GA3; Increasing; Leaf pulverization; Tobacco.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://e-revista.unioeste.br/index.php/scientiaagraria/article/view/4271

Predatory mirids (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) in tomato and tobacco in Cuba
Provedor de dados: 100
Autores: Martínez,María A.; Duarte,Leticia; Baños,Heyker L.; Rivas,Aramis; Sánchez,Adayakni.
In order to update the presence of species of mirid predators and their impact on solanaceous crops of interest, samples were taken from tomato and tobacco in open fields and from tomato in covered crops of selected locations of Mayabeque and Las Tunas Provinces every seven days. In each sampling, mirid specimens were counted and collected for their subsequent identification and determination of incidence. The results showed the presence of the species Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter, Macrolophus praeclarus (Distant) and Cyrtopeltis = Engyatus varians (Distant). The mirids were present in most samples taken in tomato and tobacco, while the incidence remained over 40% in both crops.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Hemiptera; Miridae; Tomato; Tobacco; Covered crops; Field; Incidence; Cuba.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1010-27522014000300007

Effects of variety and plant spacing on weight, surface and yield of tobacco leaf (K326 and 347 Var.)
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Azadbakht, Mohsen; Ghajarjazi, Ehsan; Kiapei, Ali; Jafari, Hassan; Salehi, Ebrahim; Pishgar, Reza.
Tobacco is one of the important agricultural and industrial products which plays a crucial role in economics and income of the producing countries and tobacco’s leaves are actually used commercially. In this study, the effects of two tobacco varieties K326 and 347 in three plant spacing of 30, 40, and 50 cm (with density of 33333, 25000 and 20000 plants/ha) on physical properties and weight of tobacco leaves are discussed. The results of variance analysis showed that the ¬¬¬effects of variety and plant spacing on leaf surface in 5% level were significant. Interaction effect of these two factors wasn’t significant. Also results showed that independent and interaction effects of plant spacing and different varieties of tobacco on leaf weight were significant...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Plant spacing; Leaf; Weight; Yield.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3646

Thermal Analysis of a New Model of a Tobacco Dryer
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: de Carvalho, Ricardo Oliano; Machado, Miguel Borges; Milech, Fábio Brongar; Fuentes, Giovani Castro; da Luz, Carlos Alberto Silveira; Gadotti, Gizele Ingrid; da Luz, Maria Laura G. Silva.
The tobacco drying greenhouses, in general, are made without any coating that ensures thermal insulation and avoid heat losses, resulting in a large consumption of firewood during the drying of the tobacco. The study aims to develop an economically viable project to the producer, to avoid excessive heat loss through the walls and ceiling of a tobacco dryer, aimed at fuel economy, reduced drying time and reduces costs in process. For the current project, we considered changes of Brazilian theoretical mode, where we developed a thermal insulation system in a dryer, reaching satisfactory results, with a large reduction in energy losses and firewood consumption, resulting in a decrease in the costs of the proceedings in general. Thus, began for the development...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Dryer; Insulation.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3105

The antioxidative defense system is involved in the premature senescence in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum NC89)
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Liu,Yu; Wang,Lu; Liu,Heng; Zhao,Rongrong; Liu,Bin; Fu,Quanjuan; Zhang,Yuanhu.
BACKGROUND: &amp;#945;-Farnesene is a volatile sesquiterpene synthesized by the plant mevalonate (MVA) pathway through the action of &amp;#945;-farnesene synthase. The &amp;#945;-farnesene synthase 1 (MdAFS1) gene was isolated from apple peel (var. white winterpearmain), and transformed into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum NC89). The transgenic plants had faster stem elongation during vegetative growth and earlier flowering than wild type (WT). Our studies focused on the transgenic tobacco phenotype. RESULTS: The levels of chlorophyll and soluble protein decreased and a lower seed biomass and reduced net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in transgenic plants. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide radicals (O2._) had higher levels...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Senescence; Transcriptome; Reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602016000100030

Biology of Corecoris dentiventris Berg, 1884 (Hemiptera, Coreidae) in tobacco culture (Nicotiana tabacum)
Provedor de dados: 57
Autores: CALDAS,B.-H. C.; REDAELLI,L. R.; DIEFENBACH,L. M. G.
Corecoris dentiventris Berg, 1884 (HEM., Coreidae) represents a pest in the tobacco culture in Southern Brazil. Nymphs and adults cause the wilting and twisting of the tobacco leaves due to their sucking habit. There are very few works about this species and these are restricted to concise description of the adult morphology, records of host plants and enumeration of injuries. The present investigation aims to study the life cycle of this bug. The experiment was carried out in a tobacco culture (Virginia type, var. K 326) implanted in the experimental area of the Departamento de Fitossanidade of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, in Porto Alegre, RS. The life cycle was studied in field conditions, in nylon cages, from egg clusters oviposited by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Corecoris dentiventris; Life cycle; Tobacco.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-71082000000100020

Biomass smoke COPD has less tomographic abnormalities but worse hypoxemia compared with tobacco COPD
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Meneghini,A.C.; Koenigkam-Santos,M.; Pereira,M.C.; Tonidandel,P.R.; Terra-Filho,J.; Cunha,F.Q.; Menezes,M.B. de; Vianna,E.O.
Special attention has emerged towards biomass smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), providing new knowledge for prevention and therapeutic approach of non-smoker COPD patients. However, the understanding of biomass smoke COPD is still limited and somewhat controversial. The aim of the present study was to compare COPD exclusively caused by tobacco smoking with COPD exclusively caused by environmental or occupational exposures. For this cross-sectional study, COPD patients were recruited from outpatient clinics and formed two groups: non-smoker COPD group (n=16) with exposure to biomass smoke who did not smoke cigarette and tobacco smoker COPD group (n=15) with people who did not report biomass smoke exposure. Subjects underwent...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Biomass; Tobacco.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019000500601

Effect of smoking habits on sleep
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Conway,S.G.; Roizenblatt,S.S.; Palombini,L.; Castro,L.S.; Bittencourt,L.R.A.; Silva,R.S.; Tufik,S.
To evaluate the effect of smoking habits on sleep, data from 1492 adults referred to the Sleep Institute were accessed and divided into 3 categories of smoking status: current, former and non-smokers. Categories of pack-years (&lt;15 and ≥15) defined smoking severity. The association of smoking status and smoking severity with sleep was analyzed for sleep parameters, especially apnea and hypopnea index (AHI) ≥5, more than 5% of total sleep time (TST) spent with oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2) &lt;90%, and arousal index. The arousal index was higher among current (21 ± 17) and former smokers (20 ± 17) than non-smokers (17 ± 15; P &lt; 0.04). Former smokers had a higher percent of TST at SaO2 &lt;90% than non-smokers (9 ± 18 vs 6 ± 13; P &lt; 0.04). Former...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Smoking; Tobacco; Smoking cessation; Sleep; Sleep-disordered breathing.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000800014

Potential interactions of central nervous system drugs used in the elderly population
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Morrone,Fernanda Bueno; Schroeter,Guilherme; Petitembert,Alessandra P.; Faggiani,Fabiana T.; De Carli,Geraldo Atillio.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of CNS drugs and to identify the most frequently observed potential drug interactions in the elderly living in Southern Brazil. METHODS: A population-based, transversal and observational study was carried out during 2006-2007. Four hundred and eighty elderly individuals of both genders were randomly recruited and interviewed. A validated pharmacotherapeutic questionnaire and the Micromedex® Healthcare Series were utilized to analyze potential drug interactions. A severity rating scale employing the categories of "mild", "moderate" and "severe" was used to describe the interactions. RESULTS: A population of elderly living in Southern Brazil was interviewed and 98 reported using CNS drugs, 74.5% female and 25.5% male. Out of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Elderly; Drug-Drug interactions; Central nervous system; Tobacco; Ethanol.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502009000200006

Cloning and sequence analysis of tomato cpDNA fragments: towards developing homologous chloroplast transformation vectors
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Berger,Irving Joseph; Carraro,Dirce Maria; Bock,Ralph; Azevedo,Ricardo Antunes; Carrer,Helaine.
With the view of developing chloroplast transformation vectors based on homologous targeting regions for tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), plastid DNA fragments of tomato cv. IAC-Santa Clara were cloned and analyzed. Isolation and cloning of PstI/SalI chloroplast fragments into the pBlueScript vectors yielded the plasmids pIJB1 and pIJB2 with cpDNA fragments of 8.6 kb and 6.4 kb, respectively. DNA sequencing and computer analyses revealed that the tomato sequences cloned display from 93 to 100 % of identity to the respective fragments in tobacco, which is more pronounced in coding regions. The intergenic spacers are somewhat less conserved suggesting that evolutionary divergences occurred mainly in these putative non-coding regions. The most remarkable...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lycopersicon esculentum; Nicotiana tabacum; Chloroplast DNA; Plastid transformation; Plastome; Tobacco; Tomato.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202005000200007

Complementing firewood with alternative energy sources in Rio Pardo Watershed, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Dessbesell,Luana; Farias,Jorge Antonio de; Roesch,Fábio.
ABSTRACT: Wood is the primary energy source for grains and Tobacco drying in the Rio Pardo Watershed (RPW). The amount of firewood produced in the RPW is not enough to supply the demand. Recently, an automatized supply system was introduced in the region enabling the use of sawdust and pellets. In this context, this study aims to compare firewood, sawdust and pellets as energy sources for Tobacco curing in air-forced curing systems. Energetic density was used to estimate the biomass consumption in Tobacco curing. The consumption of biomass is lower for pellet, followed by firewood and sawdust. Pellets and sawdust could complement firewood in the region; however, research is necessary to ascertain the economic feasibility.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tobacco; Pellet; Sawdust; Energetic density.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000900301