Consulta: subjectFacets:"Obesity"
Registros recuperados: 195
Data/hora: 03/06/2024 18:46:56

Mujer, desnutrición y pobreza: Estudio en dos comunidades de La Montaña de Guerrero, México.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Balbuena Ramírez, Jaquelina.
Con el objetivo de conocer el nivel de desnutrición de las mujeres indígenas se realizó un estudio a una muestra de 98 mujeres de las comunidades de Santa Cruz, municipio de Huamuxtitlan (53.1%) y Colombia de Guadalupe, municipio de Malinaltepec (46.9%), en la región de la Montaña del estado de Guerrero. La información registrada fue de la familia, dieta, salud, migración, educación, producción, empleo y participación en los programas de gobierno. Además, a cada mujer se le tomó una muestra de sangre para somatometría, signos vitales e información de su historial clínico. El análisis de la información se realizó con estadística descriptiva y análisis discriminante canónico con el paquete estadístico SAS. No se encontró diferencia significativa (p&gt;0.05)...
Palavras-chave: Alimentos; Anemia; Nutrición; Obesidad; Peso corporal; Salud; Body weight; Health; Nourishment; Nutrition; Obesity; EDAR; Desarrollo Sostenible de Zonas Indígenas; Maestría Tecnológica.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/645

Obesity-related gene ADRB2, ADRB3 and GHRL polymorphisms and the response to a weight loss diet intervention in adult women
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Saliba,Louise F.; Reis,Rodrigo S.; Brownson,Ross C.; Hino,Adriano A.; Tureck,Luciane V.; Valko,Cheryl; Souza,Ricardo L.R. de; Furtado-Alle,Lupe.
The individual response to diet may be influenced by gene polymorphisms. This study hypothesized that ADRB2 (Gln27Glu, rs1042714 and Arg16Gly, rs1042713), ADRB3 (Trp64Arg, rs4994) and GHRL (Leu72Met, rs696217) polymorphisms moderate weight loss. The study was a seven weeks dietary weight loss intervention with Brazilian adult obese women (n = 109). The body mass index (BMI) was calculated and polymorphisms in these genes were assessed by real-time PCR assays. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (2 x 2) were used to analyze the intervention effect between polymorphisms and BMI over the period and after stratification for age and socioeconomic status (SES). The weight loss intervention resulted in decreased BMI over the seven-week period (p &lt; 0.001), for high...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Weight loss; Adrenergic receptor polymorphism; Ghrelin polymorphism; Nutrigenetics.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572014000100005

CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms are associated with obesity in Turner Syndrome
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Santos,Luana Oliveira dos; Bispo,Adriana Valéria Sales; Barros,Juliana Vieira de; Laranjeira,Raysa Samanta Moraes; Pinto,Rafaella do Nascimento; Silva,Jaqueline de Azevêdo; Duarte,Andréa de Rezende; Araújo,Jacqueline; Sandrin-Garcia,Paula; Crovella,Sergio; Bezerra,Marcos André Cavalcanti; Belmont,Taciana Furtado de Mendonça; Cavalcanti,Maria do Socorro; Santos,Neide.
Abstract Turner syndrome (TS) is characterized by a set of clinical conditions, including autoimmune/inflammatory diseases and infectious conditions, that can compromise a patient’s quality of life. Here we assessed polymorphisms in CTLA-4 +49A/G (rs231775), PTPN22 +1858G/A (rs2476601), and MBL2 -550 (H/L) (rs11003125), -221(X/Y) (rs7096206) and exon 1 (A/O) in women from northeastern Brazil to determine whether polymorphisms within these key immune response genes confer differential susceptibility to clinical conditions in TS. A case-control genetic association study was performed, including 86 female TS patients and 179 healthy women. An association was observed for the A/G genotype of CTLA-4 +49A/G in TS patients (p=0.043, odds ratio [OR]=0.54). In...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: CTLA-4 gene; Immune genes; Obesity; Polymorphism; Turner syndrome.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572018000500727

Effect of BCHE single nucleotide polymorphisms on lipid metabolism markers in women
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Oliveira,Jéssica de; Tureck,Luciane Viater; Santos,Willian dos; Saliba,Louise Farah; Schenknecht,Caroline Schovanz; Scaraboto,Débora; Souza,Ricardo Lehtonen R.; Furtado-Alle,Lupe.
Abstract Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity and polymorphisms in its encoding gene had previously been associated with metabolic traits of obesity. This study investigated the association of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the BCHE gene: -116G &gt; A (rs1126680), 1615GA (rs1803274), 1914A &lt; G (rs3495), with obesity and lipid metabolism markers, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG) levels, and BChE enzymatic activity in obese (BMI≥30/n = 226) and non-obese women (BMI &lt; 25/n = 81). BCHE SNPs genotyping was obtained by TaqMan allelic discrimination assay and by RFLP-PCR. Plasmatic BChE activity was measured using...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: BCHE gene; Obesity; Lipid metabolism; Polymorphisms.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572017000300408

Effects of physical exercise on butyrylcholinesterase in obese adolescents
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Silva,Isabela M.W.; Leite,Neiva; Boberg,Dellyana; Chaves,Thais J.; Eisfeld,Gerusa M.; Eisfeld,Gisele M.; Bono,Gleyse F.; Souza,Ricardo L.R.; Furtado-Alle,Lupe.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a 12 week program of physical exercise (PE) on butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in obese adolescents. This study compared obese adolescents (N = 54) before and after PE, regarding the relative intensity (RI) and activity of different molecular forms (G1, G2, G4 and G1-ALB) of BChE found in plasma. Waist circumference (WC) and lipid profile were also assessed before and after PE. It was shown that before PE, mean plasma BChE activity was significantly higher in obese than in non-obese adolescents and that it was significantly reduced after PE, becoming similar to that found in non-obese adolescents. Lipid profile and WC also changed in response to PE. These results are consistent with studies that found...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: BChE activity; Physical exercise; Obesity.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000500006

Obesity and variants of the GHRL (ghrelin) and BCHE (butyrylcholinesterase) genes
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Dantas,Vitor G.L.; Furtado-Alle,Lupe; Souza,Ricardo L.R.; Chautard-Freire-Maia,Eleidi A.
Ghrelin coded by the GHRL gene is related to weight-gain, its deactivation possibly depending on its hydrolyzation by butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) encoded by the BCHE gene, an enzyme already associated with the body mass index (BMI). The aim was to search for relationships between SNPs of the GHRL and BCHE genes with BChE activity, BMI and obesity in 144 obese and 153 nonobese Euro-Brazilian male blood donors. In the obese individuals, a significant association with higher BChE activity, in the 72LM+72MM; -116GG genotype class (GHRL and BCHE genes, respectively) was noted. No significant differences were found otherwise, through comparisons between obese and control individuals, of genotype and allele frequencies in SNPs of the GHRL gene (Arg51Gln and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: BCHE gene; Body-mass index; Butyrylcholinesterase; Ghrelin; GHRL gene; Obesity.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572011000200006

Molecular forms of butyrylcholinesterase and obesity
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Boberg,Dellyana R.; Furtado-Alle,Lupe; Souza,Ricardo L.R.; Chautard-Freire-Maia,Eleidi A.
This study compared obese (N = 134) and unobese (N = 92) male blood donors, regarding the relative intensity (RI) and activity of different molecular forms (G1, G2, G4 and G1-ALB) of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, EC 3.1.1.8) found in plasma, thereby searching for an association between these variables with obesity and SNPs of exons 1 and 4 of the BCHE gene. It was shown that obese and unobese individuals do not differ in the RI of each BChE band, even when classifying the sample into three genotypes of exons 1 and 4 of the BCHE gene (-116GG/539AA, -116GG/539AT, -116GA/539AT). Although the mean BChE activity of each band was significantly higher in obese than in unobese blood donors, the proportions of BChE bands were maintained, even under the metabolic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Butyrylcholinesterase; Body mass index; Obesity; BCHE gene SNPs.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572010000300011

Adiponectin promoter polymorphisms are predictors of lipid profile improvement after bariatric surgery
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Gasparotto,Aline Simas; Borges,Diego Olschowsky; Zandoná,Marília Remuzzi; Ramos,Mauricio Jacques; Meihnardt,Nelson Guardiola; Mattevi,Vanessa S.
Abstract Our aim was to investigate if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the 5′ regions of leptin (LEP, -2548 G &gt; A, rs7799039), resistin (RETN, -420 C &gt; G, rs1862513) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ, -11391 G &gt; A, rs17300539 and -11377 C &gt; G, rs266729) genes were related to changes in body mass index (BMI) and metabolic variables after bariatric surgery in 60 extremely obese individuals. At baseline, ADIPOQ -11391 A-allele carriers showed higher plasma adiponectin and lower total cholesterol levels when compared to G/G homozygotes. Approximately 32 months post-surgery, a mean reduction of 35% in BMI and an important improvement in metabolic profiles were observed. In addition, for the ADIPOQ -11377 polymorphism, a higher decrease in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adiponectin; Polymorphism; Obesity; Lipid profile; Bariatric surgery.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572017000500736

The insulin polymorphism -23Hph increases the risk for type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Romanian population
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Cimponeriu,Danut; Apostol,Pompilia; Radu,Irina; Craciun,Anne Marie; Serafinceanu,Cristian; Toma,Mihai; Panaite,Cristian; Cheta,Dan.
The insulin -23Hph and IGF2 Apa polymorphisms were genotyped in Romanian patients with T1DM (n = 204), T2DM (n = 215) or obesity (n = 200) and normoponderal healthy subjects (n = 750). The genotypes of both polymorphisms were distributed in concordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all groups. The -23Hph AA genotype increased the risk for T1DM (OR: 3.22, 95%CI: 2.09-4.98, p &lt; 0,0001), especially in patients without macroalbuminuria (OR: 4.32, 95%CI: 2.54-7.45, p &lt; 0,0001). No other significant association between the alleles or genotypes of insulin -23Hph and IGF2 Apa and diabetes or obesity was identified.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Insulin -23Hph; Insulin-like growth factor 2 Apa; Diabetes; Obesity; Case-control study.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572010000400003

Association of serum lipid components and obesity with genetic ancestry in an admixed population of elderly women
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Lins,Tulio C.; Pires,Alause S.; Paula,Roberta S.; Moraes,Clayton F.; Vieira,Rodrigo G.; Vianna,Lucy G.; Nobrega,Otávio T.; Pereira,Rinaldo W.
The prevalence of metabolic disorders varies among ethnic populations and these disorders represent a critical health care issue for elderly women. This study investigated the correlation between genetic ancestry and body composition, metabolic traits and clinical status in a sample of elderly women. Clinical, nutritional and anthropometric data were collected from 176 volunteers. Genetic ancestry was estimated using 23 ancestry-informative markers. Pearsons correlation test was used to examine the relationship between continuous variables and an independent samples t-test was used to compare the means of continuous traits within categorical variables. Overall ancestry was a combination of European (57.49%), Native American (25.78%) and African (16.73%)....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dyslipidemia; Genetic ancestry; Lipid profile; Obesity; Postmenopausal women.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000400005

Polymorphisms FTO rs9939609, PPARG rs1801282 and ADIPOQ rs4632532 and rs182052 but not lifestyle are associated with obesity related-traits in Mexican children
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Muñoz-Yáñez,C; Pérez-Morales,R; Moreno-Macías,H; Calleros-Rincón,E; Ballesteros,G; González,R. A; Espinosa,J.
Abstract Concerning the genetic factors of obesity, no consistent association between populations has been reported, which may be due to the frequency of polymorphisms, the lifestyle of studied populations and its interaction with other factors. We studied a possible association of polymorphisms FTO rs9939609, PPARG rs1801282, and ADIPOQ rs4632532 and rs182052 with obesity phenotypes in 215 Mexican children. Glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL and LDL were measured. In addition, weight, height, waist circumference and triceps skin thickness were recorded. High-energy diets and sedentary behavior were evaluated with a validated questionnaire. In contrast with other reports, only FTO rs9939609 was associated with obesity related-traits, including BMI (p...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Children; Polymorphisms; Energy intake; Physical activity; Lipid profile.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572016000400547

Di and tripeptides from marine sources can target adipogenic process and contribute to decrease adipocyte number and functions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ben Henda, Yesmine; Laamari, Mariem; Lanneluc, Isabelle; Travers, Marie-agnes; Agogue, Helene; Arnaudin, Ingrid; Bridiau, Nicolas; Maugard, Thierry; Piot, Jean-marie; Sannier, Frederic; Bordenave-juchereau, Stephanie.
The effect of 11 marine-derived cryptides was investigated on proliferation, differentiation and maturation of human white pre-adipocytes (HWP). They were all formerly identified as potent Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme inhibitors.Val-Trp (VW),Val-Tyr (VY), Lys-Tyr (KY), Lys-Trp (KW), Ile-Tyr (IY), Ala-Pro (AP),Val-Ile-Tyr (VIY), Leu-Lys-Pro (LKP), Gly-Pro-Leu (GPL), Ala-Lys-Lys (AKK) and Val-Ala-Pro (VAP) were previously found in fish products and coproducts as well as other marine resources like wakame. Treatment with AP, VAP and AKK greatly affected viability of HWP during the proliferation period while KW and VW treatment reduced the number of viable cells during the differentiation stage. A GPL and IY incubation during the differentiation stage allowed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bioactive peptides; Obesity; Human white pre-adipocytes'; Proliferation; Differentiation; Adipocyte differentiation markers.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00269/38014/36308.pdf

Effect of Summer Holidays on Anthropometric Measures and Body Composition of Older Adults, Inadequacy of Body Mass Index to Detect Changes During a Critical Period: A Pilot Study
Provedor de dados: 77
Autores: Lizana,Pablo A; López,Rubén; Albala,Cecilia.
Obesity is a major health problem worldwide. Obesity prevalence in Chilean older adults (OA) is increasing, associated with several negative health outcomes. Therefore, determining critical periods of adiposity increase is relevant in OA. The aim of the study was to assess body composition changes in OA during summer holidays. This observational study involved two test visits, without a control group. Twelve OA (9 females) with an average age of 71.92±6.97 years participated in an initial evaluation (E1) and final evaluation (E2) at the beginning and at the end of the summer in 2015. Weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were assessed; fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), and muscular mass (MM) data were collected through foot-to-foot bioimpedance...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Sarcopenia; Body fat; Obesity; Bioelectrical impedance.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000200023

Some Indicators of Fatness and Motor Fitness in Slovenian and Serbian Children
Provedor de dados: 77
Autores: Jurak,Gregor; Milanovic,Ivana; Radisavljevic Janic,Snezana; Soric,Maroje; Kovac,Marjeta.
The purpose of this study was to identify sex and age specific differences in fatness and motor fitness levels of children in two western Balkan countries in south-eastern Europe: Slovenia and Serbia. The sample consisted of 1,659 subjects of both sexes, aged from 9 to 15 years. Body height, body mass, triceps skinfold thickness, bent arm hang and standing long jump were used in the analysis. Ordinal regression was used to test differences in body mass index (BMI) categories among the countries. MANOVA was used to test the differences in motor fitness level. There were statistically significant (p&lt;0.001) differences between the countries for the entire set of tested variables. Boys and girls from both countries had similar body height, body mass and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Overweight; Body mass index; Physical fitness; Skinfold thickness.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022015000200002

Effects of Anthropometric Factors on Foot Size in Normal Preschool Children of Iran
Provedor de dados: 77
Autores: Bayat,Parvin- Dokht; Ahmadi,Mohammad Mehdi; Moradi,Mojtaba; Ghanbari,Ali.
The growth pattern of children is affected by anthropometric dimensions. This study was aimed to investigate anthropometric factors related to growth of preschool children of a sample population in Iran. This study was performed in year 2011 on 1320 of 4­7 years old preschool children in Arak. To classify, body mass index (BMI), height and weight were recorded. The four contact points (head, back, buttocks, and heels) were maintained against the spine of the stadiometer during measurement. The head was positioned in the Frankfurt plane, and the sliding bar was lowered the crown of the head. Height was measured and recorded by the researchers. A pair of manual calibrated Seca scales was used to measure body mass in kilograms. The participants were least...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Anthropometry; Body mass index; Iran; Obesity; Sex.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022015000300053

Effects of Concurrent Training on Muscle Fibers of Wistar Rats Submitted to Standard and Hypercaloric Diets
Provedor de dados: 77
Autores: Castoldi,Robson Chacon; Aleixo,Paulo Henrique; Pereira,Alysson Christian Jesus; Ferreira,Sergio Ruiz; Garcia,Thiago Alves; Ozaki,Guilherme Akio Tamura; Koike,Tatiana Emy; Júnior,Danilo Antônio Corrêa Pinto; Seraphim,Patrícia Monteiro; Belangero,William Dias; Filho,José Carlos Silva Camargo.
To analyze the effects of concurrent training (CT) on the muscle fibers of Wistar rats submitted to standard and hypercaloric diets. In total, 40 rats were used, divided into 4 groups: Sedentary Group (GS); Exercise Group (GE), Obese Sedentary Group (OS) and Obese Exercise Group (OE). The animals performed a CT protocol consisting of: muscle strength training and aerobic training, carried out 3 times a week for 45 days. The smallest diameter of muscle fibers (MDF) was analyzed to evaluate muscle hypertrophy. It was observed that the OE group presented a significant decrease in MDF, compared to the OS group (OE=77.41 µm vs. OS=98.58 µm). In addition, the animals that performed CT demonstrated muscle hypertrophy (GE=74.39 µm vs. GS=72.13 µm). In conclusion,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Training; Muscles; Hypertrophy; Rats; Obesity.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022017000200041

High-Intensity Interval Training Beneficial Effects in Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice: Adipose Tissue, Liver Structure, and Pancreatic Islets
Provedor de dados: 77
Autores: Motta,Victor F; Aguila,Marcia B; Mandarim-de-Lacerda,Carlos A.
The study aimed to evaluate the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on adipose tissue, pancreatic islets and liver in mice fed high-fat diet. C57BL/6 male mice were fed one of two diets: standard chow (Lean group - LE) or a high-fat diet (Obese group ­ OB). After the first 12-weeks, the animals were divided into non-trained (LE-NT and OB-NT), trained groups (LE-T and OB-T), and started the exercise protocol. The HIIT protocol in the trained animals (LE-T and OB-T) compared to their counterparts (LE-NT and OB-NT) led to a reduction in size of the pancreatic islets (LE-T vs. LE-NT -40 %, OB-T vs. OB-NT -22 %) and to an increase in insulin immunodensity in pancreatic islet (LE-T vs. LE-NT +35 %, OB-T vs. OB-NT +31 %). Apart from the above...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: HIIT; Obesity; Insulin Resistance; Hepatic Steatosis; Stereology.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000200042

Citrus (Rutaceae): a review of recent advances in etymology, systematics and medical applications
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Mabberley, D.J.
The naming, introduction and classification of citrus crops and their allies is outlined. Traditional medicinal use and ‘Western’ applications in the treatment of scurvy and obesity, the prevention of AIDS, and in contraception is reviewed. Names for the commercially significant citrangequat (Citrus × georgiana) and the ‘sunrise lime’ or ‘faustrimedin’ (C. × oliveri) are provided.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Citrus; Rutaceae; AIDS; Citrangequat; Contraception; Etymology; Obesity; Sunrise lime; Vitamin C.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/524668

Effect of Suckling on the Reproductive Performance and Metabolic Status of Obese Japanese Black Cattle during the Early Postpartum Period
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: KAWASHIMA, Chiho; KIDA, Katsuya; MATSUHASHI, Miki; MATSUI, Motozumi; SHIMIZU, Takashi; MATSUNAGA, Nobuyoshi; ISHII, Mitsuo; MIYAKE, Yoh-Ichi; MIYAMOTO, Akio; 川島, 千帆; 木田, 克弥; 松井, 基純; 清水, 隆; 石井, 三都夫; 三宅, 陽一; 宮本, 明夫; 松長, 延吉.
The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of suckling on reproductive performance and metabolic status of obese (mean body condition score of more than 4.0 on a scale of 1-5) maternal Japanese Black cows during early postpartum period. We used 7 postpartum Japanese Black cattle. Four cows were suckled ad libitum (suckled) until completion of their first artificial insemination (AI), while 3 cows were not suckled at all because they were separated from their calves immediately after parturition (non-suckled). Body weight and plasma concentrations of metabolites and hormones were measured from wk 1 to 9 postpartum. Ovarian activity was detected using plasma progesterone concentration, and all cows received their first AI after application of the...
Palavras-chave: Japanese Black cattle; Metabolic status; Obesity; Reproductive performance; Suckling.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/2991

Local Food Impacts on Health and Nutrition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ferrer,   Myra Clarisse R.; Fonsah,   Esendugue Greg; Ramirez,   Octavio A.; Escalante,   Cesar L.
Prevalence of local foods is believed to answer several food issues one of which is health and nutrition. This study focused on the on the availability of local foods to consumers and see its relationship with two specific diet-related diseases namely, obesity and diabetes. Other variables were included in the analysis to provide additional evidence to previous findings. Factors considered are divided into 5 groups namely diet-, local food-, environment-, education- and gender-related factors. Diet- and environment-related variables provide the most perceptive findings while local food variables provided significant however weak evidence of positive impacts to health and nutrition.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Local foods; Diabetes; Obesity; Food environment; Farmers' market; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I15; I31.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103664

An International Comparison of the Effects of Government Agricultural Support on Food Budget Shares
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miller,   J. Corey; Coble,   Keith H.
This study evaluates econometrically the effect of government support to agriculture on a measure of the affordability of food in 10 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. The panel model we construct specifically utilizes two values calculated by the OECD: Producer Support Estimates as a percentage of gross farm receipts and the Consumer Nominal Protection Coefficient. These two variables represent transfers from taxpayers to agricultural producers through government programs and transfers from consumers to government through protectionist measures, respectively. By using dummy variables, we find implications for groups of countries on the basis of their relative levels of support and protection.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural policy; Obesity; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I18; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47196

The Economics of Obesity-Related Mortality among High Income Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huffman,   Wallace E.; Huffman,   Sonya Kostova; Tegene,   Abebayehu; Rickertsen,   Kyrre.
The high and rapidly rising adult obesity rates in the United States, United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand are associated with major health risks, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke, and some forms of cancer; large health care costs; and premature deaths annually. For example, the death rate from diabetes mellitus has been rising in the U.S. In contrast, death rates from circulator diseases have a strong negative trend, but rising obesity rates almost certainly have slowed this trend. This paper focuses on obesity-related mortality from diabetes and circulatory diseases and establishes the econometric underpinning of an aggregate household health production function and an aggregate household health supply function using data for 15...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Health; Over nutrition; Obesity; Obesity-related mortality; High income countries; Economic factors; Household models; Food prices; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25567

New Evidence on Overweight Children in Urban China and the Role of Socioeconomic Factors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dong,   Fengxia; Jensen,   Helen H.
Problems of overweight and obesity among children have increased in China and pose a problem both for individuals as well as for public social and health care systems. This study explores factors contributing to weight problems among children age 6 to 18 years old in urban China. Data come from the 2004 China Health and Nutrition Survey. Results from a binary probit model show that parents' being overweight, some patterns of TV use, and more frequent eating in fast food restaurants influence children being overweight. Among younger children, parent's dietary knowledge was a significant factor. For adolescents, TV habits and concern about being liked by friends were significant. The results suggest that targeted nutrition education, especially for parents...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: China; Children's nutrition; Health; Nutrition; Obesity; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6114

Better Milk than Cola: Soft Drink Taxes and Substitution Effects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Runge,   C. Ford; Johnson,   Justin; Runge,   Carlisle Piehl.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Soft Drink Taxes; Obesity; Substitution effects; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; H; H2; H25.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117131

Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxation as Public Health Policy -Lessons from Tobacco
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chaloupka,   Frank J.; Powell,   Lisa M.; Chriqui,   Jamie F.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Taxation; Tobacco; Obesity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117065

The Effects of a Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax: Consumption, Calorie Intake, Obesity, and Tax Burden by Income
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lin,   Biing-Hwan; Smith,   Travis A.; Lee,   Jonq-Ying.
Taxing sugar-sweetened beverages has been proposed as a means to reduce calorie intake, improve diet and health, and generate revenue that governments can use to address the obesity-caused health and economic burden.  Two beverage demand systems were estimated using beverage purchase data for high-income and low-income households.  Using the estimated demand elasticities we examined the impacts of a hypothetical 20-percent effective tax rate (or about 0.5 cent per ounce) on beverage consumption, calorie intake, tax revenue and burden.  Our results suggest that such a tax would induce an average reduction of 35 and 41 calories a day among adults and children, respectively.  The tax burden is found to be regressive, although representing less than one...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Beverage demand; Sugar-sweetened beverage tax; Soda tax; Obesity; Tax revenue; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; C34; D12; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61167

Nutrition Labeling in the Food-Away-From-Home Sector: An Economic Assessment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Variyam,   Jayachandran N.
Americans spent about 46 percent of their total food budget on food away from home in 2002, up from 27 percent in 1962. Such foods tend to be less nutritious and higher in calories than foods prepared at home, and some studies have linked eating away from home to overweight and obesity in adults and children. Current nutrition labeling law exempts much of the food-away-from-home sector from mandatory labeling regulations. Because consumers are less likely to be aware of the ingredients and nutrient content of away-from-home food than of foods prepared at home, public health advocates have called for mandatory nutrition labeling for major sources of food away from home, such as fast-food and chain restaurants. This report provides an economic assessment of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Diet quality; Food labeling; Government regulation; Health; Mandatory disclosure; Nutrition information; Nutrition Labeling and Education Act; Obesity; Reformulation Acknowledgments; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7235

Economic Factors and Body Weight: An Empirical Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schroeter,   Christiane; Lusk,   Jayson L.
With this study, we investigate the effects of changes in economic factors on body weight by constructing a utility theoretic model. The model is empirically estimated by combining data on individuals’ body weight, demographic and physical activity information, and statelevel measures pertaining to the prices of food away from home, food at home, and wages. By combining these data sources, we aim to estimate directly the weight effects of price and income changes. The empirical analysis suggests that decreasing the price of food at home could decrease body weight, a finding which has important public policy implications.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Body mass index; Body weight; Obesity; Subsidy; Tax; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; D11; D12; I18; H20; R22.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46991

Taxing Caloric Sweetened Beverages:  Potential Effects on Beverage Consumption, Calorie Intake, and Obesity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Travis A.; Biing-Hwan,   Lin; Lee,   Jonq-Ying.
The link between high U.S. obesity rates and the overconsumption of added sugars, largely from sodas and fruit drinks, has prompted public calls for a tax on caloric sweetened beverages. Faced with such a tax, consumers may reduce consumption of these sweetened beverages and substitute nontaxed beverages, such as bottled water, juice, and milk. This study estimated that a tax-induced 20-percent price increase on caloric sweetened beverages could cause an average reduction of 37 calories per day, or 3.8 pounds of body weight over a year, for adults and an average of 43 calories per day, or 4.5 pounds over a year, for children. Given these reductions in calorie consumption, results show an estimated decline in adult overweight prevalence (66.9 to 62.4...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB); Soft drinks; Soda tax; Added sugars; Obesity; And beverage demand; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95465

Can Nutrition Labeling Affect Obesity?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arsenault,   Joanne E.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Nutrition labeling; Food labels; Menu labeling; Obesity; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I10; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95753

Consumer Heterogeneity:  Does It Affect Policy Responses to the Obesity Epidemic?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lyford,   Conrad P.; Belasco,   Eric J.; Chidmi,   Benaissa; Funtanilla,   Margil.
The fight against obesity in the U.S. has become a priority area for policy makers due to the additional health risks and health care costs.  In developing policy to lower obesity rates, it is important to accurately characterize the impact that exercise, smoking and demographic characteristics have on BMI in order to draft effective policy.  This analysis uses data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFS) to evaluate the relationship between behavioral and demographic factors with BMI while explicitly accounting for individual heterogeneity by using a quantile analysis.  Results suggest that the effect of exercise, smoking, occupation and race vary by BMI quantile, indicating that consumers should be treated as heterogeneous at least for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Quantile Regression; Heterogeneity; Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56467

Is Obesity a Result of Faulty Economic Policies? The Case of the United States and Japan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Senauer,   Benjamin; Gemma,   Masahiko.
More than one billion adults are overweight worldwide, and more than 300 million of them clinically obese, raising the risk of many serious diseases. Only 3.6 percent of Japanese have a body mass index (BMI) over 30, which is the international standard for obesity, whereas 32.0 percent of Americans do. A total of 66.5 percent of Americans have a BMI over 25, making them overweight, but only 24.7 percent of Japanese. This paper examines the reasons Japan has one of the lowest rates of obesity in the world and the United States one of the highest, giving particular attention to underlying economic factors that might be influenced by policy changes. The average person in Japan consumes over 200 fewer calories per day than the average American. Food prices are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Food consumption; Food prices; Physical activity; Walking; Automobile costs; Agricultural and Food Policy; Health Economics and Policy; D12; I11.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25497

Accounting for Product Substitution in the Analysis of Food Taxes Targeting Obesity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miao,   Zhen; Beghin,   John C.; Jensen,   Helen H.
We extend the existing literature on food taxes targeting obesity. First, we incorporate the implicit substitution between sugar and fat nutrients implied by a complete food demand system and by conditioning on how food taxes affect total calorie intake. Second, we propose a methodology that accounts for the ability of consumers to substitute leaner low-fat and low-sugar items for rich food items within the same food group. This substitution is integrated into a demand system in addition to substitution among food groups. Simulations of a tax on added sugars show that the impact of the tax on consumption patterns is understated and the effect on welfare loss overstated when abstracting from this substitution within food groups.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Discretionary calories; Fat; Food demand; Health policy nutrition; Low-fat; Low-sugar substitutes; Obesity; Sugar; Sweeteners; Tax.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97927

MOVING TO THE LAND OF FROSTED CAKES AND FRIED FOOD: IMMIGRANT OBESITY IN THE U.S.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Jing; Waldorf,   Brigitte S.
The paper focuses on body weight gain among immigrants in the US. The emphasis is on disentangling different time lines that are relevant in the context of immigration and acculturation, namely length of exposure to the high obesity culture, age at immigration, year of immigration and aging. Using data from the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS), we find that (1) acculturation is associated with higher BMIs for the 1st generation, but not the 1.5 generation; (2) immigration at an early age (before 12) facilitates acculturation progress and drives BMI convergence to natives; (3) the effect of sojourn length in the host country is unstable across model specifications; (4) BMI differences between Asian and Latino immigrants are partly due to...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Immigration; Obesity; Acculturation; Health Economics and Policy; I10; J15.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120896

Behavioral Economics: A New Heavy weight in Washington?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cash,   Sean B.; Schroeter,   Christiane.
Honorable Mention, Outstanding Choices Article Award, 2011
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Diet; Nutrition; Behavioral economics; Food policy; Health promotion; Consumer/Household Economics; I12; I18; C9.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95755

THE DEMAND FOR FOOD QUALITY IN RUSSIA AND ITS LINKAGE TO OBESITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staudigel,   Matthias.
This study analyses whether Russian households differ in their choice of food quality when they differ in their number of overweight and obese members. Using survey data from the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) for the years 1995-2005, households are classified into three weight groups. Quality elasticities of expenditures are estimated by a fixed-effects panel model regressing unit values of several food groups on expenditures and a set of household characteristics. Coefficients for each weight group are received by including interaction terms of expenditures and weight group dummies. A set of Wald tests is applied to test for slope heterogeneity across weight groups. Descriptive statistics reveal that obese households actually purchase...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Unit values; Quality choice; Quality elasticity; Obesity; Russia; RLMS; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C23; D12; I10; I18; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116444

Fat Taxes and Thin Subsidies: Distributional Impacts and Welfare Effects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Salois,   Matthew J.; Tiffin,   J. Richard.
The extant literature on fat taxes and thin subsidies tends to focus on the overall effectiveness of such fiscal instruments in altering diets and improving health. However, little is known about the welfare impacts of fiscal food policies on society. This paper fills a gap in the literature by assessing the distributional impacts and welfare effects resulting from a tax-subsidy combination on different food groups. Using the methods derived from marginal tax reform theory, a formal welfare economics framework is developed allowing the calculation of the distributional characteristics of various food groups and approximate welfare measures of prices changes caused by a tax-subsidy combination. The distributional characteristics reveal that many of the food...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Distributional characteristic; Fat tax; Obesity; Thin subsidy; Welfare.; Health Economics and Policy; D30; D60; H20; I10; I30.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91754

The Effects of Farm Commodity Policies and Retail Food Policies on Obesity and Economic Welfare in the United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Okrent,   Abigail M.; Alston,   Julian M.
Replaced with revised version of paper 03/16/2011.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Food Policy; Fat Taxes; Welfare; Market Model; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q18; I18; H2.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61675

Access to Local Agriculture and Weight Outcomes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Berning,   Joshua P.
Recent studies examine the impact of the built environment on health outcomes such as obesity. Several studies find for certain populations that access to unhealthy food has a positive effect on obesity, whereas access to healthy choices has a negative effect. Given the growth and popularity of locally grown food, we examine how individual weight outcomes are affected by access to direct-to-consumer local food. After controlling for potential endogeneity, we find that greater access to local food has a negative association with individual weight outcomes. We also find a negative association with greater weight loss over a one-year period. These results provide evidence that local food access can have potential indirect benefits.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Local agriculture; Obesity; Food access; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123313

Calories, Obesity and Health in OECD Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mazzocchi,   Mario; Traill,   W. Bruce.
Theoretical models suggest that decisions about diet, weight and health status are endogenous within a utility maximisation framework. In this paper, we model these behavioural relationships in a fixed-effect panel setting using a simultaneous equation system, with a view to determining whether economic variables can explain the trends in calorie consumption, obesity and health in OECD countries and the large differences among countries. The empirical model shows that progress in medical treatment and health expenditure mitigates mortality from diet-related diseases, despite rising obesity rates. While the model accounts for endogeneity and serial correlation, results are affected by data limitations.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food consumption; Obesity; Overweight; Health; Health Economics and Policy; I12; C33.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7972

Self-Perception of Weight and Health and Dietary Quality
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lin,   Chung-Tung Jordan; Lee,   Jonq-Ying.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Perception; Dietary quality; Obesity; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61266

An Economic Analysis of the Impact of Food Prices and Other Factors on Adult Lifestyles: Choices of Physical Activity and Healthy Weight
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Yanni; Huffman,   Wallace E.
This paper examines women’s and men’s decisions to participate in physical activity and to attain a healthy weight. These outcomes are hypothesized to be related to prices of food, drink and health care services and products, the respondent’s personal characteristics (such as education, reading food labels, adjusted family income, opportunity cost of time, occupation, marital status, race and ethnicity) and his or her BMI at age 25. These decisions are represented by a trivariate probit model that is fitted to data for adults in the NLSY79 panel with geocodes that have been augmented with local area food, drink and health care prices.  Separate analyses are undertaken for men and women due to basic physiological differences. Results include: Women and men...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Physical Activity; Obesity; Food Prices; Adult; United States; Consumer/Household Economics; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital; I10; D10; J24.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49291

Are Restaurants Really Supersizing America?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anderson,   Michael L.; Matsa,   David A.
Replaced with revised version Feb. 24, 2010.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics of regulation; Health production; Obesity; Fat tax; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; D12; H25; I12; I18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37652

Food and Nutrition Assistance Programs and Obesity:  1976-2002
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ver Ploeg,   Michele; Mancino,   Lisa; Lin,   Biing-Hwan.
The Food Stamp Program and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) address poor nutrition among low-income adults, infants, and children in the United States. Higher rates of obesity among the populations these programs serve have led to concern that the programs may, ironically, contribute to the problem. To analyze the relationships between program participation and body weight, the study used cross-sectional data spanning the period 1976-2002. The authors compared participants with nonparticipants subdivided into three income categories: income-eligible for food and nutrition assistance, moderate income, and higher income. Results were most striking for adult women receiving food stamps. The most recent data...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food and nutrition assistance programs; Food stamps; WIC; Overweight; Obesity; Body Mass Index; Weight trends; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55965

Why Is the Obesity Rate So Low in Japan and High in the U.S.? Some Possible Economic Explanations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Senauer,   Benjamin; Gemma,   Masahiko.
More than one billion adults are overweight worldwide, and more than 300 million of them clinically obese, raising the risk of many serious diseases.  Only 3.6 percent of Japanese have a body mass index (BMI) over 30, which is the international standard for obesity, whereas 32.0 percent of Americans do.  A total of 66.5 percent of Americans have a BMI over 25, making them overweight, but only 24.7 percent of Japanese.  This paper examines the reasons Japan has one of the lowest rates of obesity in the world and the United States one of the highest, giving particular attention to underlying economic factors that might be influenced by policy changes.  The average person in Japan consumes over 200 fewer calories per day than the average American.  Food...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Food consumption; Food prices; Physical activity; Walking; Automobile costs; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; D12; I 11.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14321

Can Taxes on Calorically Sweetened Beverages Reduce Obesity?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Todd,   Jessica E.; Zhen,   Chen.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Beverage tax; Obesity; Overweight; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D12; H2; I18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95754

Emerging Research and Public Policy Issues for a Sustainable Global Food Network
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kinsey,   Jean D.
This paper presents research questions and policy issues related to three emerging issues pertinent to developments in the global food and agricultural supply network. Developments in the production and delivery of food to consumers are rapid, prolific, and extreme. We have gone from a farmer-centric to a consumer-centric food system. The changes are forcing us to revise our thinking about the organization and operation of the food supply chain one-hundred and eighty degrees, to challenge old assumptions about who sets standards and who decides what will be produced. Public policies, which typically lag the world of commerce, will need to learn their relevance and catch-up with dramatic changes in the way business is being conducted. Three examples come to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Supermarketization; Private standards; Diet transition; Obesity; Food defense; Terrorism; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14298

Meeting Total Fat Requirements for School Lunches:  Influences of School Policies and Characteristics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Newman,   Constance; Guthrie,   Joanne F.; Mancino,   Lisa; Ralston,   Katherine L.; Musiker,   Melissa.
Concerns about child obesity have raised questions about the quality of meals served in the National School Lunch Program. Local, State, and Federal policymakers responded to these concerns beginning in the mid-1990s by instituting a range of policies and standards to improve the quality of U.S. Department of Agriculture-subsidized meals. Schools have been successful in meeting USDA nutrient standards except those for total fat and saturated fat. This report uses school-level data from the School Nutrition Dietary Assessment-III to calculate statistical differences between the fat content of NSLP lunches served by schools with different policies (e.g., menu planning) and characteristics like region and size. Positive associations are found between a meal’s...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: National School Lunch Program (NSLP); Obesity; Nutrition; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55957

Food Away From Home: How much does it really influence diet quality?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mancino,   Lisa; Todd,   Jessica E.; Lin,   Biing-Hwan.
This study confirms that eating food away from home (FAFH) adversely affects dietary intake. By looking at changes within individuals’ dietary intake over two days, thus controlling for self-selection issues, we find that FAFH causes increased caloric intake and reduced diet quality. Our estimates on the effect of specific meals show that lunch and dinner consumed away from home have the largest effect on total daily caloric intake, but that breakfast has the largest negative effect on total diet quality. In particular, eating breakfast away from home decreases intake of fruit, whole grains and dairy and increases the percent of calories from saturated fats and solid fats, alcohol and added sugar. Eating lunch and dinner away from home also reduce diet...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Food choice; Obesity; Fixed effects; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49251

Food Stamps and Obesity:  What Do We Know?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ver Ploeg,   Michele; Ralston,   Katherine L.
Results from reviewed studies indicate that for most participants in the Food Stamp Program—children, nonelderly men, and the elderly—use of food stamp benefits does not result in an increase in either Body Mass Index (BMI) or the likelihood of being overweight or obese. However, for nonelderly women, who account for 28 percent of the food stamp caseload, some evidence suggests that participation in the Food Stamp Program may increase BMI and the probability of obesity. Different results for age and sex subgroups remain unexplained. Further, because food stamp benefits are issued to households, not individuals, mixed results across age and sex subgroups make it difficult to target policy alternatives to address potential weight gain among some participants...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Stamp Program; Obesity; Body Mass Index.; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58640

Soda Taxes and Substitution Effects: Will Obesity be Affected?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fletcher,   Jason.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Soft Drink Taxation; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I12; H20; H71.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117066

The National School Lunch Program:  Background, Trends, and Issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ralston,   Katherine L.; Newman,   Constance; Clauson,   Annette L.; Guthrie,   Joanne F.; Buzby,   Jean C.
The National School Lunch Program (NSLP) is the Nation’s second largest food and nutrition assistance program. In 2006, it operated in over 101,000 public and nonprofit private schools and provided over 28 million low-cost or free lunches to children on a typical school day at a Federal cost of $8 billion for the year. This report provides background information on the NSLP, including historical trends and participant characteristics. It also addresses steps being taken to meet challenges facing administrators of the program, including tradeoffs between nutritional quality of foods served, costs, and participation, as well as between program access and program integrity.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: National School Lunch Program; Child nutrition; Obesity; Food assistance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Health Economics and Policy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56464

Accounting for Product Substitution in the Analysis of Food Taxes Targeting Obesity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miao,   Zhen; Beghin,   John C.; Jensen,   Helen H.
We extend the existing literature on food taxes targeting obesity. First, we incorporate the implicit substitution between sugar and fat nutrients implied by a complete food demand system and by conditioning on how food taxes affect total calorie intake. Second, we propose a methodology that accounts for the ability of consumers to substitute leaner low-fat and low-sugar items for rich food items within the same food group. This substitution is integrated into a demand system in addition to substitution among food groups. Simulations of a tax on added sugars show that the impact of the tax on consumption patterns is understated and the effect on welfare loss overstated when abstracting from this substitution within food groups.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Discretionary calories; Fat; Food demand; Health policy nutrition; Low-fat; Low-sugar substitutes; Obesity; Sugar; Sweeteners; Tax; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I18; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103320

Factors Influencing the Body Mass Index of Adults in Canada
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cranfield,   John A.L.
This paper explores socio-demographic, economic and behaviour factors influencing body mass index (BMI) amongst 20 to 64 year old adults in Canada. BMI scores in Canada have increased, with gains stemming from disproportionate increases in female BMI. Econometric results indicate higher BMI scores for males, those born in Canada, those in food insecure homes and whites. Age-gender interactions suggest different patterns of BMI adjustment over the life of males and females; a pronounced inverse quadratic relationship between with age and male BMI is noted, while female BMI increases with age. Education, used as a gauge of inequality, is inversely related to BMI, while income has a muted effect. BMI is inversely related to level of physical activity, an...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Obesity; BMI; Canada; Socio-demographic; Economic; Adults; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I10; J1.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6837

Obesity, BMI, and Diet Quality: How does the South Measure Up?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duffy,   Patricia A.; Zizza,   Claire A.; Kinnucan,   Henry W.
This paper examines regional differences in obesity rates, Body Mass Index (BMI) and dietary quality, using data from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), Mobile Examination Center (MEC).  For women, BMI and obesity prevalence may be higher in the Deep South states, but the difference is explained by demographic characteristics.  Diet quality was found to be lower in the South.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Diet quality; Food insecurity; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I10; I30.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46558

THE ROLE OF ECONOMICS IN EATING CHOICES AND WEIGHT OUTCOMES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mancino,   Lisa; Lin,   Biing-Hwan; Ballenger,   Nicole.
We use data from the USDA's 1994-96 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals and the 1994-96 Diet and Health Knowledge Survey to ascertain whether economic factors help explain weight differences among adults. Weight differs among demographic subgroups, and differences in specific behaviors, health awareness, and eating patterns can be linked to weight outcomes. An economic framework helps explain how socioeconomic factors affect an individual's ability to achieve good health. Our results suggest that income, household composition, and formal education help explain variation in behaviors and attitudes that are significantly associated with weight outcomes.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Obesity; CSFII; DHKS; Weight; Age; Income; Education; Race/ethnicity; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33781

Obesity and Diabetes, the Built Environment, and the 'Local' Food Economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Salois,   Matthew J.
Obesity and diabetes are increasingly attributed to environmental factors, however, little attention has been paid to the influence of the ‘local’ food economy. This paper examines the association of measures relating to the built environment and ‘local’ agriculture with U.S. county-level prevalence of obesity and diabetes. Key indicators of the ‘local’ food economy include the density of farmers’ markets and the presence of farms with direct sales. This paper employs a robust regression estimator to account for non-normality of the data and to accommodate outliers. Overall, the built environment is associated with the prevalence of obesity and diabetes and a strong 'local' food economy may play an important role in prevention. Results imply considerable...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Community-intervention; Diabetes; Food environment; Famers’ market; Leverage points; ‘local’ food; Robust regression; Obesity; Outliers.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103649

The Effect of Food-Away-from-Home and Food-at-Home Expenditures on Obesity Rates: A State-Level Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cai,   Yongxia; Alviola,   Pedro A., IV; Nayga,   Rodolfo M., Jr.; Wu,   Ximing.
Using state-level data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we investigate the effects of household food-away-from-home and food-at-home expenditures on overweight rates, obesity rates, and combined rates. Our random effects model estimates suggest that food-away-from-home expenditures are positively related to obesity and combined rates, while food-at-home expenditures are negatively related to obesity and combined rates. However, the magnitudes of these effects, while statistically significant, are relatively small. Both food-at-home and food-away-from-home expenditures do not significantly influence overweight rates.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food-at-home expenditures; Food-away-from-home expenditures; Obesity; Overweight; Random effects model; State-level analysis; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46990

The Growing Global Obesity Problem: Some Policy Options to Address It
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schmidhuber,   Josef.
The last few decades have seen fundamental changes in food consumption patterns around the world. These changes were characterized not only by an increase in overall calorie intakes but also by a shift in the composition of the diet towards more meat, eggs, dairy products as well as more fats and oils, i.e. a shift towards high calorie diets that are also much richer in saturated fats and cholesterol. The main drivers of this transition include factors such as: (i) rapidly falling real prices for food; (ii) urbanization with the development of new marketing channels and the spread of supermarkets into developing countries; (iii) and freer trade and globalization with the emergence of large, trans-nationally operating food companies. This diet transition...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Nutrition transition; Obesity; NCDs; Policy options; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12003

Weight Control Strategies and Diet Quality
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lin,   Chung-Tung Jordan; Gao,   Zhifeng; Lee,   Jonq-Ying.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Diet quality; Nhanes; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I00.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103538

Body Weight and Labour Market Outcomes in Post-Soviet Russia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huffman,   Sonya Kostova; Rizov,   Marian.
This paper estimates the impacts of weight, measured by body mass index (BMI), on employment, wages, and missed work due to illness for Russian adults by gender using recent panel data (1994-2005) from the nationally representative Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS). We employ econometric techniques to control for unobserved heterogeneity and potential biases due to endogeneity in BMI. The results show an inverted U-shaped effect of BMI on probability of employment for men and women. We did not find evidence of wage penalty for higher BMI. In fact, the wages for overweigh men are higher. However, having a BMI above 28.3 increases the number of days missing work due to health problems for men. Overall, we find negative effects of obesity on...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: BMI; Obesity; Labour market outcomes; Russia; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123539

Food retail provisioning, dietary behavior and weight outcomes in North Carolina
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adu-Nyako,   Kofi; Okafor,   Ralph.
Aspects of the built environment may be contributing to the upward trend in obesity through constrained availability and affordability of healthful foods. The neighborhood food environment factors such as the availability of food retail stores is increasingly being recognized as playing an important role in health behaviors and health outcomes. We examine the local availability of retail food stores and their influence on the risk of obesity in North Carolina. Data on food stores were linked through county codes to individual data from the BRFSS data and multilevel modeling was employed to assess their associations with BMI. In regressions that included fruit and vegetable servings, and food store types as explanatory variables, our result show that BMI...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Environment; Dietary Behavior; Obesity; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56474

Fat Taxes and Health Outcomes: An Investigation of Economic Factors Influencing Obesity in Canada
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cash,   Sean B.; Goddard,   Ellen W.; Lacanilao,   Ryan D.
Tax policy has been proposed as a possible instrument for reducing the incidence of obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases. This has become popularly known as the "fat tax" approach. Also, physical access to energy-dense, nutrition-poor food items has been suggested as a causal factor for rising obesity rates. This project investigates both the role that food price interventions and physical access to “fast food” may play in population levels of obesity.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Health Policy; Fat taxes; Fast food; Food access; Built environment; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Public Economics; I18; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6841

Using Experimental Economics to Measure the Role of Parental Generosity and Food Control in Childhood Obesity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ehmke,   Mariah D.; Morgan,   Kari; Schroeter,   Christiane; Larson-Meyer,   Enette; Ballenger,   Nicole.
This research uses experimental economics to measure the effect of parental generosity and child response on childhood overweight and obesity. The 'Carrot-Stick' experiment, an adaptation of the standard dictator game in which the respondent (the child) can punish or reward the dictator (the parent) based on the dictator's generosity, served as basis of our examination. Two treatments are conducted, in which the child spends his or her earnings on non-food and food items. Our empirical analysis shows significant relationships between parental weight and their level of generosity regarding food items. We conclude that child response behavior, obesigenic factors in the household, and the child's tendency toward being overweight and obese are significantly...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Overweight; Obesity; Childhood; Family; Bargaining; ‘Carrot-Stick; ’ Dictator; Experimental Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9859

Obesity and Labor Market Outcomes in Post-Soviet Russia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huffman,   Sonya Kostova; Rizov,   Marian.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Labor market outcomes; Russia; Consumer/Household Economics; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61034

Relating diet, demographics and lifestyle to increasing US obesity rates
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schroeter,   Christiane.
Changes in the American lifestyle are putting more individuals at risk due to the declining quality of their diets. In the last 20 years, the readily available high-fat foods (e.g., "fast foods") combined with the decreased caloric requirements due to lower physical activity levels is assumed to be the major factor in the sharp rise in the prevalence of obesity. The typical away-from-home meal is less healthy than food at home, since it tends to contain more total fat and saturated fat, less calcium, fiber, and iron, and fewer servings of fruits and vegetables. Furthermore, due to the super-sizing trend that is sweeping the market, when Americans eat out, they eat more. Thus, a rising away-from-home consumption appears to establish a significant barrier to...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Food source; Fast food; Diet; Lifestyle; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97501

OBESITY AND HYPERBOLIC DISCOUNTING: AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Hamilton,   Stephen F.; Pofahl,   Geoffrey M.
Behavioral economists maintain that addictions such as alcoholism, smoking and over-eating represent examples of present-bias in decision making that is fundamentally irrational. In this article, we develop a model of present bias and apparently hyperbolic discounting that is fully consistent with rational behavior. We construct an experiment to test our hypothesis and to determine whether discount rates differ for individuals who engage in behaviors that could endanger their health. Our results show that discount functions are quasi-hyperbolic in shape, and that obesity and drinking are positively related to the discount rate. Anti-obesity policy, therefore, would be best directed to informing individuals as to the long-term implications of short-term...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Addiction; Discounting; Experiments; Hyperbolic; Obesity; Time-inconsistency; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C91; D12; D91; I18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116410

Behavioral Economics, Food Assistance, and Obesity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Just,   David R.
While there is mixed evidence of the impact of food assistance programs on obesity, there is general agreement that the food-insecure are at higher risk of obesity and obesity-related diseases. Food assistance programs, originally designed to overcome a lack of available food, now need to confront a very different problem: how to provide for the food-insecure while encouraging healthy lifestyles. This paper examines the potential to address these competing needs using traditional economic policies (manipulating information or prices) versus policies engaging behavioral economics and psychology.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food assistance; Behavioral economics; Food insecurity; Obesity; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10220

Censored Quantile Regression and Purchases of Ice Cream
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gustavsen,   Geir Waehler; Jolliffe,   Dean; Rickertsen,   Kyrre.
The effects on purchases of ice cream of increasing the value added tax (VAT) for less healthy foods and removing the VAT for healthy foods are estimated. The effects on high- and low-purchasing households are estimated by using quantile regressions. Many households did not purchase ice cream and censored quantile regressions are estimated by a recently developed algorithm, which is simple, robust, and performs well near the censoring point. High-purchasing households will reduce their annual per capita purchases with 1.8 kilograms corresponding to an annual reduction of more than half a kilogram of body weight.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Censored quantile regression; Ice cream; Obesity; Purchase; Taxes; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6534

The Effect of Retailer Concentration and Store Format on Consumers’ Food Purchasing Decisions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Volpe,   Richard J., III; Okrent,   Abigail M.; Leibtag,   Ephraim S.
Replaced with revised version of paper 09/23/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food purchases; Supercenters; Obesity; Consumer behavior; Food retail; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; L66; P46; D12; L11.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103448

The Food Prices / Body Mass Index Relationship: Theory and Evidence from a Sample of French Adults
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boizot-Szantai,   Christine; Etile,   Fabrice.
What would be the effect of a "fat tax" on obesity? This paper shows that the sign of the price-weight  correlation is unclear,  as  variations  of  food  price  have  a  direct  effect on weight  through  changes in  energy intakes, and an indirect (income) effect that affects energy expenditure. Food expenditures data are used to examine the link between the prices of 16 food groups and the distribution of the Body Mass Index among French adults.  We find positive correlations for ready-meals and snacks, and negative correlations for sea products and fruits. It is thus unlikely that the epidemic of obesity will react in the short-term to nutritional taxes.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Fat tax; Price policies; Quantitle regressions; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D1; H3; I1.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24734

The Impacts of Fat Taxes and Thin Subsidies on Nutrient Intakes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Salois,   Matthew J.; Tiffin,   J. Richard.
This paper examines the health effects of a fiscal food policy based on a combination of fat taxes and thin subsidies. The fat tax is based on the saturated fat content of food items while the thin subsidy is applied to select fruit and vegetable items. The policy is designed to be revenue neutral so the subsidy exactly offsets the revenue from the fat tax. A model of food demand is estimated using Bayesian methods that accounts for censoring and infrequency of purchase (the problem of unit values is also discussed). The estimated demand elasticities are used to compute nutrient elasticities which demonstrate how consumption of specific nutrients changes based on price changes in particular foods from the fiscal policy. Results show that although the fat...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fat tax; Nutrient elasticities; Obesity; Thin subsidy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D30; D60; H20; I10; I30.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108789

The Costs of Obesity and Implications for Policymakers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Finkelstein,   Eric A.; Strombotne,   Kiersten L.; Popkin,   Barry M.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Direct Costs; Indirect Costs; Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I10; I18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95747

Can the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 Help Trim America's Waistline?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duffy,   Patricia A.; Yamazaki,   Fumiko; Zizza,   Claire A.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Dietary Guidelines; Obesity; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I18; Q18.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122794

Micronutrient Malnutrition, Obesity, and Chronic Disease in Countries Undergoing the Nutrition Transition: Potential Links and Program/Policy Implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Eckhardt,   Cara L.
Background: The nutrition transition occurring in many developing countries may invite the misconception that diets are moving entirely away from undernutrition toward problems of excess. But despite the sufficiency of energy in these countries, diet quality is poor and micronutrient deficiencies often remain. In this context, micronutrient deficiencies may actually contribute to the development and severity of diet-related chronic diseases. Objectives: This paper discusses the potential long-term effects of micronutrient malnutrition in early childhood on obesity and related disease outcomes. The links between early micronutrient malnutrition, stunting, and subsequent short adult stature— emerging risk factors for obesity and associated chronic...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Diet quality; Micronutrient malnutrition; Obesity; Chronic disease; Cancer; Adults; Children; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55889

Could Behavioral Economics Help Improve Diet Quality for Nutrition Assistance Program Participants?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Just,   David R.; Mancino,   Lisa; Wansink,   Brian.
Findings from behavioral and psychological studies indicate that people regularly and predictably behave in ways that contradict some standard assumptions of economic analysis. Recognizing that consumption choices are determined by factors other than prices, income, and information illuminates a broad array of strategies to influence consumers’ food choices. These strategies expand the list of possible ideas for improving the diet quality and health of participants in the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Food Stamp Program; the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); and the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Behavioral economics; Food consumption; Obesity; Food stamps; National School Lunch Program; Nutrition assistance; WIC; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6391

Theme Overview: Addressing the Obesity Challenge
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muth,   Mary K.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; BMI; Nutrition; Food choices; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I1; Q1.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95746

THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF A FISCAL FOOD POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Salois,   Matthew J.; Tiffin,   J. Richard.
This paper examines the health effects of a fiscal food policy based on a combination of fat taxes and thin subsidies. The fat tax is based on the saturated fat content of food items while the thin subsidy is applied to select fruit and vegetable items. The policy is designed to be revenue neutral so that the subsidy exactly offsets the revenue from the fat tax. A model of food demand is estimated using Bayesian methods that accounts for censoring and infrequency of purchase (the problem of unit values is also discussed). The estimated of demand elasticities are used to compute nutrient elasticities which demonstrate how consumption of specific nutrients changes based on price changes in particular foods from the fiscal policy. Results show that while the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bayesian estimation; Censoring; Fat tax; Infrequency of purchase; Nutrient elasticities; Obesity; Thin subsidy; Unit values; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D30; D60; H20; I10; I30.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116394

Food Environment, Food Store Access, Consumer Behavior, and Diet
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ver Ploeg,   Michele.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Environment; Food Deserts; Obesity; Consumer Behavior; Diet; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I18; R50.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95748

Household Fast Food Expenditures and Children's Television Viewing: Can They Really Significantly Influence Children's Dietary Quality?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: You,   Wen; Nayga,   Rodolfo M., Jr.
Previous studies have found a strong relationship between food-away-from-home expenditures and television viewing, and children's diet. This study revisits this issue by examining the impact of household fast food expenditures and children's television viewing on children's dietary quality. Results indicate that both factors have statistically significant and negative effects. However, the elasticities of children's diet quality with respect to both factors are quite inelastic. Results also suggest that the effects of these two factors differ between children younger than 11 years old and children at least 11 years old. Relevant policy implications are discussed.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Children's diet and health; Fast food expenditures; Healthy eating index; Obesity; Television viewing; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31218

Should Soft Drinks be Taxed More Heavily?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Runge,   C. Ford.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Soft Drink Taxes; Obesity; Substitution Effects; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; H; H2; H25.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117063

The Effects of the Food Stamp Program on Energy Balance and Obesity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parks,   Joanna C.; Smith,   Aaron D.; Alston,   Julian M.
The Effects of the Food Stamp Program on Energy Balance and Obesity
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Stamp Program (FSP); Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP); Obesity; Body mass index (BMI); Nutrition assistance; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q18; H53; I12; I18; I38.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100692

Direct and Indirect Determinants of Obesity: The Case of Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Romling,   Cornelia; Qaim,   Matin.
Overweight and obesity are becoming serious issues in many developing countries. Since undernutrition is not completely eradicated yet, these countries face a dual burden that obstructs economic development. We analyze the nutrition transition in Indonesia using longitudinal data from the Indonesian Family and Life Survey, covering the period between 1993 and 2007. Obesity has been increasing remarkably across all population groups, including rural and low income strata. Prevalence rates are particularly high for women. We also develop a framework to analyze direct and indirect determinants of body mass index. This differentiation has rarely been made in previous research, but appears useful for policy making purposes. Regression models show that changing...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Overweight; Nutrition Transition; Asia; Indonesia; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I10; O12.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108350

PEER-EFFECTS IN OBESITY AMONG PUBLIC SCHOOL CHILDREN: A GRADE-LEVEL ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Asirvatham,   Jebaraj; Nayga,   Rodolfo M., Jr.; Thomsen,   Michael R.
We examine the role of peer effects in childhood obesity outcomes by investigating whether obesity rates among the highest graders in a public school has an effect on obesity rates among younger grades. We use a panel dataset with obesity prevalence measured at the grade level. Our data are from Arkansas public schools. Results provide evidence that changes in the obesity prevalence at the highest grade are associated with changes in obesity prevalence at younger grades. The magnitude of the peer effect depends on the type of school, and we find statistically significant peer effects in both elementary and high schools but not in middle schools. These effects are also larger in high schools than in elementary schools. We use falsification tests to provide...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Peer-effects; Obesity; Childhood obesity; Overweight; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D10; D71; I10; Z13.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122732

Does Where You Live Make You Fat? Obesity and Access to Chain Grocers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Susan E.; Florax,   Raymond J.G.M.; Snyder,   Samantha D.
This paper investigates the role that aspects of the physical environment play in determining health outcomes in adults as measured by body mass index (BMI).  Using spatial econometric techniques that allow for spatial spillovers and feedback processes, this research specifically examines how differing levels of access to large chain grocers has on individual health outcomes.  While other studies have investigated the impact of proximity to food retailers, the point-coordinate data used in this paper is uniquely suited to spatial econometric estimation at the individual level.  In addition to modeling spatial dependence and allowing for unobserved neighborhood effects, the flexibility of the model is increased by incorporating potential spatial...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Body mass index; Obesity; Spatial dependence; Obesogenic environments; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C31; D12; I12; I18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53838

The Effects of the Food Stamp Program on Energy Balance and Obesity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parks,   Joanna C.; Smith,   Aaron D.; Alston,   Julian M.
The Food Stamp Program (FSP) administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is the cornerstone of the U.S. federal income and food safety net policy. The FSP has subsidized the food budget for millions of American households for over forty years, spending more than $60 billion per year in recent times. Prior research has demonstrated that women who participate in the FSP are more likely to be overweight or obese than eligible non-participants. This finding raises the concern that the additional income provided by FSP benefits induces participants to eat significantly more calories and gain weight, contributing to the U.S. obesity epidemic. Previous studies of the FSP have yielded mixed results. In this study we develop new conceptual and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Stamp Program (FSP); Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP); Obesity; Body mass index (BMI); Nutrition assistance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q18; H53; I12; I18; I38.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103537

Of Junk Food and Junk Science
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Collins,   Robert A.; Baker,   Gregory A.
The popular press has triumphantly announced that the cause of the obesity epidemic is “junk food.” After a moment’s reflection, however, it seems likely that the true causal structure of the obesity epidemic can be neither single-equation nor univariate. Therefore, while the hypothesis that “junk food” is the cause of obesity has little a priori plausibility, these articles in the popular press present a testable hypothesis that, in spite of some measurement impossibilities, is tested here. While one can always argue about p values etc., it is safe to say that the results show no evidence to indicate support for a causal link. The second section of the paper explains this result and suggests a rudimentary structural model of obesity that begins to address...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Junk food; Granger-causality; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q10; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53799

An Experimental Investigation of the Impact of Fat Taxes: Prices Effects, Food Stigma, and Information Effects on Economics Instruments to Improve Dietary Health
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cash,   Sean B.; Lacanilao,   Ryan D.; Adamowicz,   Wiktor L.; Raine,   Kim.
There is currently no published research on how food taxes may affect consumer behaviour when the imposition of the tax itself may be considered a source of consumer information. The work undertaken here seeks to address this gap in the literature by using experimental methods to enhance understanding on the joint effects of price changes induced by a fat tax and the stigma associated with the application of the tax. First, we conduct an interdisciplinary literature review (drawing from economics, psychology, and health promotion) and theoretical investigation of the impact of stigma on economic choice behaviours. We then employ Attribute-Based Stated Choice Methods (ABSCM) to elicit consumer response to fat tax scenarios that rely only on price changes,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Health policy; Fat taxes; Warning labels; Choice experiments; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I18; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45499

Differentiated Food Taxes as a Tool in Health and Nutrition Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smed,   Sinne; Jensen,   Jorgen Dejgaard; Denver,   Sigrid.
The purpose of the present study is to analyse the effects of using economic policy tools in nutrition policy, e.g. introduction of specific taxes on unhealthy food components or differentiated VAT on foods. The effects of such regulation instruments are demonstrated using Denmark as an illustrative case. A model concept combining econometric models of food consumption behaviour for different socio-demographic groups with a model for conversion between food consumption and nutrient intake is developed. The socio-demographic effects of four different tax or subsidy regulation schemes are investigated.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Food taxes; Econometric model; Socio-demographic differences; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24579

Is Dietary Knowledge Enough?  Hunger, Stress, and Other Roadblocks to Healthy Eating
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mancino,   Lisa; Kinsey,   Jean D.
Poor diets and rising obesity rates among Americans have persisted despite increased awareness and publicity regarding the benefits of a healthy lifestyle. This analysis of consumer food choice developed a consumer demand model to illustrate how both long-term health objectives and immediate visceral influences—long intervals between meals and away-from-home eating—can affect individuals’ food choices. The model predicts that dietary knowledge will have less influence on food choices in the face of immediate visceral factors. The model predictions were tested using data from the 1994-96 Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals and the companion Diet Health and Knowledge Survey. Longer intervals between meals and consumption of more food away from...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Behavioral economics; Food consumption; Obesity; Fixed effects; Instrumental variables.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56465

Obesity in Urban Food Markets: Evidence from Geo-referenced Micro Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Susan E.; Florax,   Raymond J.G.M.; Snyder,   Samantha D.
This paper provides quantitative estimates of the effect of proximity to fast food restaurants and grocery stores on obesity in urban food markets. Our empirical model combined georeferenced micro data on access to fast food restaurants and grocery stores with data about salient personal characteristics, individual behaviors, and neighborhood characteristics. We defined a "local food environment" for every individual utilizing 0.5-mile buffers around a person's home address. Local food landscapes are potentially endogenous due to spatial sorting of the population and food outlets, and the body mass index (BMI) values for individuals living close to each other are likely to be spatially correlated because of observed and unobserved individual and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Fast food; Grocery store; Spatial econometrics; Micro data; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C31; D12; I12; I18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49512

REDUCING CONSUMPTION OF FOOD WITH HIGH LEVEL OF FAT, SUGAR AND/OR SALT AMONG YOUNG GENERATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Szucs,   Robert Sandor; Csapo,   Zsolt.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Fat tax; Marketing; Child; Unhealthy food; Marketing.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104676

Observable and unobservable determinants of a healthy diet in Russia: A structural equation approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burggraf,   Christine; Glauben,   Thomas; Herzfeld,   Thomas; Brosig,   Stephan.
The Russian Federation is facing crucial dietary problems which burden the health care sector to an increasing degree. In order to correct this trend explanations for the observed mostly unhealthy diets are needed. Therefore the main target of this study was to find evidence about the main determinants of a healthy diet in the Russian Federation based on household production theory. In order to do that a healthy eating index for the Russian population was calculated according to the Diet Quality Index-International and used to describe the nutrition quality of the Russian diet. In a next step an empirical model was developed. In this model sociodemographic/socioeconomic variables were extended by the psychological variables such as overall dissatisfaction,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nutrition; Russian Federation; Latent variables; Structural equation analysis; Obesity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; I120; R200.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116447

The Distributional Consequences of a Fiscal Food Policy: Evidence From the UK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Salois,   Matthew J.; Tiffin,   J. Richard.
The extant literature on fat taxes and thin subsidies tends to focus on the overall effectiveness of such fiscal instruments in altering diets and improving health. However, little is known about the welfare impacts of fiscal food policies on society. This paper fills a gap in the literature by assessing the distributional impacts and welfare effects resulting from a tax-subsidy combination on different food groups. Using the methods derived from marginal tax reform theory, a formal welfare economics framework is developed allowing the calculation of the distributional characteristics of various food groups and approximate welfare measures of prices changes caused by a tax-subsidy combination. The distributional characteristics reveal that many of the food...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Distributional characteristic; Economic welfare; Fat tax; Indirect tax reform; Obesity; Thin subsidy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; D30; D60; H20; I10; I30.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61360

An Economic Analysis of the Impact of Food Prices and Other Factors on Adult Lifestyles: Choices of Physical Activity and Healthy Weight
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Yanni; Huffman,   Wallace E.
This paper examines women’s and men’s decisions to participate in physical activity and to attain a healthy weight. These outcomes are hypothesized to be related to prices of food, drink and health care services and products, the respondent’s personal characteristics (such as education, reading food labels (signaling a concern for good health), adjusted family income, opportunity cost of time, occupation, marital status, race and ethnicity) and his or her BMI at age 25. These decisions are represented by a trivariate probit model that is fitted to data for adults in the NLSY79 panel with geocodes that have been augmented with local area food, drink and health care prices. Separate analyses are undertaken for men and women due to basic physiological...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Physical activity; Obesity; Food prices; Adults; Developed country; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I10; D10; J24.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49987

Obesity and Hyperbolic Discounting: An Experimental Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Hamilton,   Stephen F.; Pofahl,   Geoffrey M.
Behavioral economists maintain that addictions such as alcoholism, smoking and over-eating represent examples of present-bias in decision making that is fundamentally irrational.  In this article, we develop a model of present bias and apparently hyperbolic discounting that is fully consistent with rational behavior.  We construct an experiment to test our hypothesis and to determine whether discount rates differ for individuals who engage in behaviors that could endanger their health.  Our results show that discount functions are quasi-hyperbolic in shape, and that obesity and drinking are positively related to the discount rate.  Anti-obesity policy, therefore, would be best directed to informing individuals as to the long-term implications of short-term...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Addiction; Discounting; Experiments; Hyperbolic; Obesity; Time-inconsistency.; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C91; D12; D91; I18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61186

Quantifying Obesity in Economic Research: How Misleading is the Body Mass Index?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parks,   Joanna C.; Smith,   Aaron D.; Alston,   Julian M.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/19/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Percent body fat (PBF); Body mass index (BMI); Economic costs; Measurement error; Health Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C52; I10.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61841

REDUCING CONSUMPTION OF FOOD WITH HIGH LEVEL OF FAT, SUGAR AND/OR SALT AMONG YOUNG GENERATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Szucs,   Robert Sandor; Csapo,   Zsolt.
The young generation is the most influenced and vulnerable segment of the market. Food with high level of fat, sugar and/or salt are popularised for this segment. At the same time nearly 7 people die of obesity or from complications of obesity in Hungary each hour – one every 9 minutes. Less than 10% of youth are of the belief of eating healthy and more then one third of youth don’t take care about healthy eating. The young generation can be especially influenced by use of well-known persons, prize games and free gifts. The idea of fat tax’s introduction could be an obvious proposal.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Fat tax; Marketing; Child; Unhealthy food; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91117

GRAZING, GOODS AND GIRTH: DETERMINANTS AND EFFECTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hamermesh,   Daniel S.
Using the 2006-07 American Time Use Survey and its Eating and Health Module, I show that over half of adult Americans report grazing (secondary eating/drinking) on a typical day, with grazing time almost equaling primary eating/drinking time. An economic model predicts that higher wage rates (price of time) will lead to substitution of grazing for primary eating/drinking, especially by raising the number of grazing incidents relative to meals. This prediction is confirmed in these data. Eating meals more frequently is associated with lower BMI and better self-reported health, as is grazing more frequently. Food purchases are positively related to time spent eating—substitution of goods for time is difficult—but are lower when eating time is spread over...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Time use; Food; Obesity; Consumer/Household Economics; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53888

Ethnobotanical, micrographic and pharmacological features of plant-based weight-loss products sold in naturist stores in Mexico City: the need for better quality control
Provedor de dados: 39
Autores: Arenas,Patricia Marta; Molares,Soledad; Aguilar Contreras,Abigail; Doumecq,Belén; Gabrielli,Florencia.
The consumption of dietary supplements and herbal mixtures to promote weight loss is a common practice in the West. This study was undertaken in Mexico City, surveying stores selling "natural products" at subway stations. The aims of this paper were as follows: to compile a record of plant products marketed as slimming aids and of retailer perceptions of these products; to review the pharmacological and ethnobotanical literature on the species declared; and to create an optical micrograph of a subset of products to verify the accuracy of the list of component plant species shown on the labels. We applied the techniques of observation, semi-structured interviews and free-listing at the retail stores. Results are presented for the 75 species recorded in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Urban ethnobotany; Dietary supplements; Obesity.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062013000300014

Multicomponent training with different frequencies on body composition and physical fitness in obese children
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: ALVES,ANA SOFIA R.; VENÂNCIO,TELMA L.; HONÓRIO,SAMUEL ALEXANDRE A.; MARTINS,JÚLIO MANUEL C.
Abstract:  Introduction: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of ten-week multicomponent training with different exercise frequencies on body composition (BC) and physical fitness (PF) in overweight and obese young children. Methods: 40 children, aged 12-15 (14.77±1.49), were randomly selected and assigned to experimental groups to train three times/week (EG1) or two times/week (EG2) for 10 weeks and a CG group (no training program). Results: It was shown that experimental groups (EG1 and EG2) improved similarly aerobic capacity (3.8% and 3.5%, respectively), muscular strength (29.7% and 25.2%), flexibility (6.1% and 9.9%), body mass index (5.0% and 4.6%), and body fat (6.4% and 5.6%) from pre- to post-training. CG group showed no significant...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aerobic; Health; Obesity; Strength; Youth; Program.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000700802

Aqueous extract of Psidium guajava leaves: phenolic compounds and inhibitory potential on digestive enzymes
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: SIMÃO,ANDERSON A.; MARQUES,TAMARA R.; MARCUSSI,SILVANA; CORRÊA,ANGELITA D.
ABSTRACT Leaves of Psidium guajava L. (guava) have been widely used in the popular way for prevention and treatment of various diseases. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory potential of leaves aqueous extract from three cultivars of P. guajava (Pedro Sato, Paluma and Século XXI) on α-amylase, α-glycosidase, lipase, and trypsin enzymes, in the presence or not of simulated gastric fluid and to determine the content of phenolic compounds by high performance liquid chromatography. All cultivars presented the same composition in phenolic compounds, but in different proportions. The compounds identified are gallic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, syringic acid, o-coumaric acid, resveratrol, quercetin, and catechin (which was the major...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Medicinal plants; Obesity; Α-amylase; Α-glycosidase; Lipase; Trypsin.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000502155

Swimming exercise changed the collagen synthesis and calcification in calcaneal tendons of mice
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: CARVALHO,ANGELA A. M.; MOURA,FRANCYELLE B. R. DE; NOGUEIRA,PEDRO AUGUSTO S.; GONÇALVES,ALINE MARIA N.; ARAÚJO,FERNANDA A.; ZANON,RENATA G.; TOMIOSSO,TATIANA CARLA.
Abstract  Obesity is characterized by the excess of body fat and, therefore, may cause musculoskeletal alterations that can negatively influence the tendons. Such overweight-influenced alterations are exercise sensitive though. Morphological and biochemical alterations were reported in the calcaneal tendon of mice submitted to a lipid-rich diets along with practicing exercises, with the following groups: normal diet without exercise (ND), normal diet with exercise (NDex), lipid-rich diet without exercise (LD), lipid-rich diet without exercise (LDex). The calcaneal tendons were removed and subjected to histological and biochemical analysis. Layers of the tissue were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin, Picrosirius Red and Von Kossa while a protein dosage was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diet; Hematoxylin-eosin; Obesity; Tendon; Von Kossa.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652020000100909

COL18A1 is highly expressed during human adipocyte differentiation and the SNP c.1136C &gt; T in its "frizzled" motif is associated with obesity in diabetes type 2 patients
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Errera,Flavia I.V.; Canani,Luís H.; Yeh,Erika; Kague,Érika; Armelin-Corrêa,Lucia M.; Suzuki,Oscar T.; Tschiedel,Balduíno; Silva,Maria Elizabeth R.; Sertié,Andréa L.; Passos-Bueno,Maria Rita.
Collagen XVIII can generate two fragments, NC11-728 containing a frizzled motif which possibly acts in Wnt signaling and Endostatin, which is cleaved from the NC1 and is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. Collagen XVIII and Wnt signaling have recently been associated with adipogenic differentiation and obesity in some animal models, but not in humans. In the present report, we have shown that COL18A1 expression increases during human adipogenic differentiation. We also tested if polymorphisms in the Frizzled (c.1136C&gt;T; Thr379Met) and Endostatin (c.4349G&gt;A; Asp1437Asn) regions contribute towards susceptibility to obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes (113 obese, BMI =30; 232 non-obese, BMI &lt; 30) of European ancestry. No evidence of association...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: COL18A1; Obesity; Adipogenesis; Endostatin; Frizzled.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652008000100012

Oral insulin improves metabolic parameters in high fat diet fed rats
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: LIPINSKI,LEANDRO C.; KMETIUK,LOUISE B.; MATHIAS,PAULO C.F.; MALTA,ANANDA; FAVERO,GIOVANI M.; RIBEIRO,TATIANE A.; TOLEDO,ALCEU; NETTO,MARIO R. MONTEMOR; RODRIGUES,MARCOS R.S.
ABSTRACT Introduction/Aim: The gut has shown to have a pivotal role on the pathophysiology of metabolic disease. Food stimulation of distal intestinal segments promotes enterohormones secretion influencing insulin metabolism. In diabetic rats, oral insulin has potential to change intestinal epithelium behavior. This macromolecule promotes positive effects on laboratorial metabolic parameters and decreases diabetic intestinal hypertrophy. This study aims to test if oral insulin can influence metabolic parameters and intestinal weight in obese non-diabetic rats. Methods: Twelve weeks old Wistar rats were divided in 3 groups: control (CTRL) standard chow group; high fat diet low carbohydrates group (HFD) and HFD plus daily oral 20U insulin gavage (HFD+INS)....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Oral insulin; Intestine; Diabetes; Obesity; Metabolism; Pancreatic beta-cell.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000401699

Effects of diet supplementation with Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia HBK McVaugh) fruit in a rat model of diet-induced obesity
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Nascimento,Ozanildo V; Boleti,Ana P.A; Yuyama,Lucia K.O; Lima,Emerson S.
Amazonian Camu-camu fruit (Myrciaria dubia HBK Mc Vaugh) has attracted interest from food and cosmetics industries because of its rich content of vitamin C, flavonoids and anthocyanins. The goal of this study was investigates the antiobesity action of the ingestion of the Camu-camu pulp in a rat model of diet-induced obesity. Wistar rats with obesity induced by subcutaneous injection of monosodium glutamate receiving diet ad libitum. The rats were divided in two groups: an experimental group that ingested 25 mL/day of Camu-camu pulp (CCG) and a non treated group (CG). After 12 weeks, the animals were sacrificed. Blood, liver, heart, white adipose tissues were collected and weighted, biochemical and inflammatory profiles were determinate as well. Animals...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amazonian fruit; Flavonoids; Lipid profile; Myrciaria dubia; Obesity.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000100355

Regular exercise, overweight/obesity and sedentary lifestyle cause adaptive changes in thiol–disulfide homeostasis
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: GOL,MEHMET; ÖZKAYA,BEYTULLAH; YILDIRIM,CANER; BAL,RAMAZAN.
Abstract: Dynamic thiol–disulfide homeostasis is considered to have critical roles in maintenance of physiological functioning. We aimed to reveal whether there is any specific aberration in thiol–disulfide homeostasis in three distinct categories of individuals, including those who 1) exercise regularly (fitness group), 2) have a sedentary lifestyle (sedentary group) and 3) are overweight or obese (overweight/obese group). 72 male individuals were included in the study, 21 of whom were in fitness group, 28 of whom were overweight or obese and 23 of whom had a sedentary lifestyle. Plasma native thiol (-SH) and total thiol [(-SH) + (-S-S-)] levels were quantitatively determined. Total thiol levels in sedentary group were significantly lower than those in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Exercise; Obesity; Oxidative stress; Thiol-disulfide homeostasis.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000300801

A reassessment of the role of serotonergic system in the control of feeding behavior
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Medeiros,Magda A.; Costa-e-Sousa,Ricardo H.; Olivares,Emerson L.; Côrtes,Wellington S.; Reis,Luís C.
The role of serotonergic system in the feeding behaviorwas appraised by electrolytic lesions in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and administration of para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 3 mg/5 mul, icv). Chronic evaluations were accomplished through 120 and 360 days in PCPA-injected and DRN-lesioned rats, respectively. Acute food intake was evaluated in fasted rats and submitted to injection of PCPA and hydroxytryptophan (LHTP, 30 mg/kg, ip). DRN-lesioned rats exhibited 22-80% increase in food intake up to sixth month, whereas the obesity was evident and sustained by whole period. In PCPA-injected rats was observed an initial increase in the food intake followed by hypophagy from 25th to 30th day and a transitory increase of body weight from 5th to 60th day. In...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Food ingestion; Serotonergic system; Dorsal raphe nucleus; Electrolytic lesion; Para-chlorophenylalanine; Obesity.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652005000100008

Life-long Maternal Cafeteria Diet Promotes Tissue-Specific Morphological Changes in Male Offspring Adult Rats
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: SANTOS,CAROLYNE D.S.; BALBO,SANDRA L.; GUIMARÃES,ANA T.B.; SAGAE,SARA C.; NEGRETTI,FÁBIO; GRASSIOLLI,SABRINA.
ABSTRACT Here, we evaluated whether the exposure of rats to a cafeteria diet pre- and/or post-weaning, alters histological characteristics in the White Adipose Tissue (WAT), Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT), and liver of adult male offspring. Female Wistar rats were divided into Control (CTL; fed on standard rodent chow) and Cafeteria (CAF; fed with the cafeteria diet throughout life, including pregnancy and lactation). After birth, only male offspring (F1) were maintained and received the CTL or CAF diets; originating four experimental groups: CTL-CTLF1; CTL-CAFF1; CAF-CTLF1; CAF-CAFF1. Data of biometrics, metabolic parameters, liver, BAT and WAT histology were assessed and integrated using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). According to PCA analysis worse...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Dams; Offspring; Histology.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000602887

Genotypic carriers of the obesity-associated FTO polymorphism exhibit different cardiometabolic profiles after an intervention
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: MORAES,GREICE G.; REUTER,CÉZANE P.; RENNER,JANE D.P.; KLINGER,ELISA I.; FERREIRA,MICHELE B.; MELLO,ELZA D. DE; VALIM,ANDRÉIA DE M.; BURGOS,MIRIA S.
ABSTRACT  Background:  Children and adolescents with at-risk genotypes (AA/AT) of the rs9939609 polymorphism in FTO, a fat mass and obesity-associated gene, may exhibit different cardiometabolic profile responses than subjects with the TT genotype after an interdisciplinary intervention.  Methods:  The sample consisted of 36 school children from southern Brazil. We used DNA quantitation and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for polymorphism genotyping. We measured anthropometric parameters (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, body fat percentage and skinfold sum), biochemical parameters (glucose, lipid profile, ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Genotype; Intervention; Obesity; Children; Physical activity.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652016000602331

Association of IL-6 and CRP gene polymorphisms with obesity and metabolic disorders in children and adolescents
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Todendi,Pâmela F.; Klinger,Elisa I.; Ferreira,Michele B.; Reuter,Cézane P.; Burgos,Miria S.; Possuelo,Lia G.; Valim,Andréia R.M.
Activation of adipose tissue inflammation is associated with obesity caused by lipid accumulation in adipocytes. Through this activation, proinflammatory cytokines, such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) seem to influence metabolic disorders. The present study evaluated whether polymorphisms in the CRP (rs1205) and IL-6 (rs1800795, rs2069845) genes are associated with the development of metabolic disorders in children and adolescents. A cross-sectional study was performed, consisting of 470 students from the municipality of Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil, aged 7-17 years. Body mass index (BMI) was classified according to overweight and obesity. Genotyping was performed by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR). Anthropometric...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Inflammation; Obesity; Polymorphisms; Risk; Schoolchildren.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000200915

The effect of newly initiated exercise training on dynamic thiol / disulphide homeostasis in sedentary obese adults
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: CELIK,HAKIM; KILIC,TUGBA; KAPLAN,DAVUT S.; EREN,MEHMET A.; EREL,OZCAN; KARAKILCIK,ALI Z.; BAGCI,CAHIT.
Abstract: We studied dynamic thiol/disulphide homeostasis, an indicator of oxidative stress, to investigate the effects of newly initiated exercise training on sedentary obese adults. Seventeen sedentary obese adults and 15 normal-weight controls were included in the sample for this study. The obese adults were given a physical exercise training program that lasted twelve weeks. Before and after the exercise training program, blood samples were collected, and serum thiol/disulphide parameters were measured by using a novel technique. Before the start of the exercise training, it was observed that thiol/disulphide homeostasis was impaired, and this impairment was positively correlated with body mass index in sedentary obese adults because of the higher...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Exercise; Obesity; Oxidative stress; Thiol / disulphide homeostasis.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000700805

Equine metabolic syndrome in Colombian creole horse: case report
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Castillo,C.A.; Jaramillo,C.; Loaiza,M.J.; Blanco,R.
ABSTRACT The equine metabolic syndrome is a condition that can be recognized because of obesity, insulin resistance and laminitis. Genetic factors could play a role in the occurrence of this syndrome. Certain breeds such as ponies (including the South American creole horses) have a lower sensibility to insulin and a higher prevalence of hyperinsulinemia. The environment and management conditions, such as overfeeding and lack of exercise are factors that bring a propensity for obesity. The adipose tissue works as an endocrine organ producing hormones (adipokines or adipocytokines) that affect the horse´s metabolism. The objective of this report is to describe the first case report of a Colombian creole mare with a metabolic syndrome, diagnosed by means of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Equine; Insulin resistance; Obesity; Laminitis.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352017000501067

Serum evaluation of leptin, IL-6, IGF-1 and estrogen in obese bitches with early stages of mammary carcinoma
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Teixeira,S.V.; Silva,I.L.D.; Nunes,F.C.; Campos,C.B.; Oliveira,M.R.; Lavalle,G.E.; Cassali,G.D.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to relate the serum concentration IL-6, IGF-1, leptin and estrogen in non-castrated bitches with or without overweight and early stage mammary carcinomas. Forty-three bitches were divided into four groups, two groups without mammary carcinomas with and without overweight, and two groups with mammary carcinomas with and without overweight. Overweight bitches, with or without mammary carcinomas, were statistically different from bitches by ideal weight, in relation to ECC, IMCC and body fat percentages (P&lt; 0.0001). There was a positive correlation between ECC and IMCC (P&lt; 0.0001), ECC and % GC (P&lt; 0.0001), and IMCC and % GC (P&lt; 0.0001). A positive correlation was found between serum leptin and IL-6 (P= 0.0451)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bitches; Obesity; Overweight; Mammary carcinomas; Stage.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352019000100143

Adiponectin serum levels in female dogs bearing mammary gland carcinomas
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Souza,I.B.R.; Cardoso,C.V.; Pereira,A.A.F.; Poppe,S.C.; Bondan,E.F.
RESUMO Em seres humanos, a adiponectinemia está associada à obesidade e ao risco aumentado a uma ampla variedade de cânceres. Embora o papel dessa adipocina esteja bem documentado na patogênese do câncer em humanos, tal associação permanece a ser determinada em cães. Nesses animais, a relação da adiponectina com a carcinogênese parece ser ainda meramente especulativa. Nesse contexto, buscou-se nesta investigação comparar os níveis séricos de adiponectina em fêmeas hígidas e em portadoras de carcinomas mamários com diagnóstico histopatológico de carcinoma mamário tubular simples estágio 4, com comprometimento de linfonodos, porém sem metástases a distância detectadas. Foi observado que as cadelas diagnosticadas com carcinoma mamário tiveram níveis séricos...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Dogs; Adiponectin; Cancer; Mammary gland; Obesity.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352019000501741

Differences in lipogenesis and lipolysis in obese and non-obese adult human adipocytes
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: CIFUENTES,MARIANA; ALBALA,CECILIA; ROJAS,CECILIA V.
It has been proposed that differences in adipocyte function and/or metabolism between obese and lean individuáis may manifest themselves in functional adipose tissue abnormalities that lead to metabolic disorders in obesity. We studied lipogenesis and lipolysis of omental adipocytes from obese (OB) and non-obese (NOB) humans. The specific activity of the lipogenic marker enzyme G3PDH was 50% lower in total adipocytes of OB compared to that of NOB subjects. Omental adipocytes from OB subjects also had lower basal lipolytic levéis, and a lower lipolytic response to p-adrenergic stimulus. Cholesterol depletion of adipocyte plasma membrane using methyl &amp;#946;-cyclodextrin caused a lipolytic effect on adipocytes of both groups together, but when obese and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Adipocyte; Cholesterol; Lipogenesis; Lipolysis; Obesity; Triglyceride metabolism.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602008000200009

A high-fat diet decreases GABA concentration in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of rats
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Sandoval-Salazar,Cuauhtemoc; Ramírez-Emiliano,Joel; Trejo-Bahena,Aurora; Oviedo-Solís,Cecilia I.; Solís-Ortiz,Martha Silvia.
BACKGROUND: It has been proposed that the &amp;#947;-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a key role in the regulation of food intake and body weight by controlling the excitability, plasticity and the synchronization of neuronal activity in the frontal cortex (FC). It has been also proposed that the high-fat diet (HFD) could disturb the metabolism of glutamate and consequently the GABA levels, but the mechanism is not yet clearly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a HFD on the GABA levels in the FC and hippocampus of rats RESULTS: The HFD significantly increased weight gain and blood glucose levels, whereas decreased the GABA levels in the FC and hippocampus compared with standard diet-fed rats CONCLUSIONS: HFD...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; GABA; Frontal cortex; Hippocampus; High-fat diet.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602016000100015

Cytoprotective and suicidal signaling in oxidative stress
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Videla,Luis A.
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the pro-oxidants, leading to different responses depending on the level of pro-oxidants achieved and the duration of exposure. In this article, we discuss the cytoprotective or suicidal signaling mechanisms associated with oxidative stress by addressing: (i) the development of an acute and mild pro-oxidant state by thyroid hormone administration eliciting the redox upregulation of the expression of proteins affording cell protection as a preconditioning strategy against ischemia-reperfusion liver injury; and (ii) the role of prolonged and severe oxidative stress and insulin resistance as determinant factors in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Oxidative stress; Thyroid hormone; Liver preconditioning; Obesity; Insulin resistance; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602010000300014

Effects of weight loss on liver and erythrocyte polyunsaturated fatty acid pattern and oxidative stress status in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: ELIZONDO,ALEJANDRA; ARAYA,JULIA; RODRIGO,RAMÓN; SIGNORINI,CINZIA; SGHERRI,CRISTIANA; COMPORTI,MARIO; PONIACHIK,JAIME; VIDELA,LUIS A.
Our aim was to study the influence of weight loss on the fatty acid (FA) composition of liver and erythrocyte phospholipids and oxidative stress status in obese, non-alcoholic, fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. Seven obese NAFLD patients who underwent subtotal gastrectomy with a gastro-jejunal anastomosis in roux and Y were studied immediately and 3 months after surgery. Seven non-obese patients who underwent anti-reflux surgery constituted the control group. Serum F2-isoprostane levels were measured by GS/NICI-MS/MS and FA composition was determined by GC. At the time of surgery, controls and obese patients exhibited a hepatic polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) pattern that correlated with that of erythrocytes. Three months after surgery, NAFLD...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Oxidative stress; Obesity; Weight loss.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602008000100008

Intravenous administration of bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells has a neutral effect on obesity-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Calligaris,Sebastián D; Conget,Paulette.
Obesity is a major global health issue. Obese patients develop metabolic syndrome, which is a cluster of clinical features characterized by insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Its cardiac manifestation, diabetic cardiomyopathy, leads to heart failure. Bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are envisioned as a therapeutic tool not only for cardiovascular diseases but also for other degenerative conditions. Our aim was to evaluate whether the intravenous administration of MSC modifies cardiac dysfunction in obese mice. To this end, C57BL/6 mice were fed a regular (normal) or high-fat diet (obese). Obese animals received the vehicle (obese), a single dose (obese + 1x MSC) or three doses...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Metabolic syndrome; Diabetic cardiomyopathy; Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells; Cardiac function; Dobutamine.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602013000300005

The p. N103K mutation of leptin (LEP) gene and severe early onset obesity in Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Shabana,; Hasnain,Shahida.
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a complex disorder and has been increasing globally at alarming rates including Pakistan. However, there is scarce research on understanding obesity genetics in Pakistan. Leptin is a hormone secreted by adipocytes in response to satiety and correlates with body weight. Any mutations in the LEP gene have an adverse effect on energy regulation pathway and lead to severe, early onset obesity. To date, only eight mutations have been described in the LEP gene of which p. N103K is one. METHODS: We aimed to analyze the prevalence of this mutation in Pakistani subjects. A total of 475 subjects were genotyped by PCR-RFLP analysis and their serum profiling was done. RESULTS: Results showed that this mutation was present only in one male child...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Leptin; P. N103K; Pakistan.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602016000100023

Study of Cytochrome P450 2E1 and its allele Variants in Liver Injury of Nondiabetic, Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Obese Women
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: VARELA,NELSON M; QUIÑONES,LUIS A; ORELLANA,MYRIAM; PONIACHIK,JAIME; CSENDES,ATTILA; SMOK,GLADYS; RODRIGO,RAMÓN; CÁCERES,DANTE D; VIDELA,LUIS A.
CYP2E1 enzyme is related to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) due to its ability for reactive oxygen species production, which can be influenced by polymorphisms in the gene. The aim of this study was to investigate hepatic levels, activity, and polymorphisms of the CYP2E1 gene to correlate it with clinical and histological features in 48 female obese NASH patients. Subjects were divided into three groups: (i) normal; (ii) steatosis; and (iii) steatohepatitis. CYP2E1 protein level was assayed in microsomes from liver biopsies, and in vivo chlorzoxazone hydroxylation was determined by HPLC. Genomic DNA was isolated for genotype analysis through PCR. The results showed that liver CYP2E1 content was significantly higher in the steatohepatitis (45%; p=0.024)...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Steatohepatitis; NASH; CYP2E1; Obesity; Genotype; Chlorzoxazone.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602008000100010

Determination of the Effect of the Elimination Diet Applied for Overweight and Obese People with Food Intolerance on Body Composition and Biochemical Parameters
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Gubur,Sema.
ABSTRACT Food Intolerance, is a reaction against food, but not immunological manner, and may be confused with real food allergies. In this study, effects of special weight-loss diet together with an elimination diet on body composition and biochemical parameters of overweight and obese people who were diagnosed with food intolerance were investigated. The study group consists of 20 patients in total who were followed-up and treated in Yorktest Turkey Laboratory; who were diagnosed with food intolerance, and whose BMI was &gt; 26kg/m2. Bloodletting for these patients was executed with Lancet from their fingertips, and the blood drawn from these patients was assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELİSA) method, and food reactions of patients were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Food intolerance; Obesity; IgG; Elimination diet; Yeast.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132017000100314

Association Between Exercise and Treatment with Liraglutide in Obese Rats by Cafeteria Diet
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Didek,Daiane; Cordeiro,Maiara Mikuska; Xavier,João Lucas de Paula; Ribeiro,Paulo Roberto; Rentz,Thiago; Franco,Gilson Cesar Nobre; Kanunfre,Carla Cristine; Emilio,Henriette Rosa de Oliveira; Scomparin,Dionízia Xavier.
Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of liraglutide, an analog of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in association with physical exercise, on the metabolic and biochemical parameters of rats induced to obesity with a cafeteria diet. Male Wistar rats, aged 21 days, were randomly divided into: Controls (CON) receiving standard feed and water ad libitum; and obese (OBESE) receiving cafeteria diet ad libitum, added to the standard diet. Groups were then subdivided into: Liraglutide animals that received subcutaneous injections of liraglutide from 80 to 90 days of life; exercised (EXE) animals submitted to swimming sessions, three days a week (15 min); and liraglutide + EXE animals that received liraglutide in association with physical...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Liraglutide; GLP-1; Metabolic syndrome; Exercise.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132019000100305

Investigation of risk factors to coronary heart disease in two countryside villages
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Silva,Gisleine Elisa Cavalcante da; Bazotte,Roberto Barbosa; Curi,Rui; Silva,Maria Angélica Rafaini Covas Pereira da.
The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors to coronary heart disease in two countryside villages in the State of Paraná, southern Brazil, typical in terms of the poverty and lack of access to public health care. All population was invited to participate in the study. The 462 volunteers (61.3% female, mean age = 42 years) showed high prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (7.0%), hypertriglyceridemia (19.0%), hyperglycemia (11.0%), hypertension (30.0%) and obesity (16.0%). The majority of the individuals, during the interview did not report the diseases detected by the testes. The results revealed that the high prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus could be consequence of the delayed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hyperlipidemia; Hyperglycemia; Hypertension; Obesity; Coronary heart disease - Paraná State - Brazil.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132004000300008

Determination of the Effect of the Elimination Diet Applied for Overweight and Obese People with Food Intolerance on Body Composition and Biochemical Parameters
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Gubur,Sema.
ABSTRACT   Food Intolerance, is a reaction against food, but not immunological manner, and may be confused with real food allergies. In this study, effects of special weight-loss diet together with an elimination diet on body composition and biochemical parameters of overweight and obese people who were diagnosed with food intolerance were investigated. The study group consists of 20 patients in total who were followed-up and treated in Yorktest Turkey Laboratory; who were diagnosed with food intolerance, and whose BMI was &gt; 26kg/m2. Bloodletting for these patients was executed with Lancet from their fingertips, and the blood drawn from these patients was assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELİSA) method, and food reactions of patients were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Food intolerance; Obesity; IgG; Elimination diet; Yeast.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132018000100305

Can lychee reducing the adipose tissue mass in rats?
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Almeida,Martha Elisa Ferreira de; Ferreira,Juliana Thays; Augusto-Obara,Thalita Riquelme; Cruz,Richtier Gonçalves da; Arruda,Henrique Silvano; Santos,Virgínia Souza; Ramos,José Antônio de Souza Cruz; Botrel,Diego Alvarenga; Botrel,Regiane Victória de Barros Fernandes.
ABSTRACT Lychee fruit has been studied owing to the presence of several bioactive compounds that can contribute to weight loss in obese individuals. However, the anti-obese potential of the fruit has not been explored yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different parts of lychee in reducing the adipose tissue mass of cafeteria diet-fed rats. Phenolic compounds and scavenging capacities were quantified. The food intake, apparent digestibility, weight of the body and liver, body mass, Lee Index, and the mass of epididymal and visceral adipose tissues were evaluated. The results were estimated by Tukey’s Test at 5% probability. A higher amount of phenolic compounds and scavenging capacity were observed in the peel of lychee as compared...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Phenolics; Cafeteria diet; Obesity; Litchi chinensis Sonn.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132018000100413

Use of Ursodeoxycholic Acid on Post-menopausal Obesity, Hepatic steatosis and Plasma Profile as an Alternative Treatment for Hormone Replacement Therapy
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Franzoni,Angelo Christiano; Amorim,Aryane Martins; Silva,João Victor Mariano da; Storti,João Augusto Pires; Oliveira,Monique Cristine de.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) as an alternative treatment for menopause pathologies. For this, female Swiss-CD-1 mice were ovariectomized (OVX); SHAM operated mice served as controls. Ten weeks after operation, each group of mice was treated during four weeks with either UDCA, or 17(-estradiol+progesterone. The blood and tissues (liver and periuterine adipose tissue - PUAT) were harvested. The OVX mice had increase body weight, accompanied by liver lipid accumulation. UDCA and HRT treatments reduced these parameters. PUAT was also increased in OVX group and UDCA and HRT treatments reduced this. Histology confirmed the results in the liver and PUAT. The plasma glucose levels were elevated in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Liver disease; Menopause; Obesity; Ursodeoxycholic acid.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132015000600898

Anti-obesity Effects of the Administration of Tournefortia paniculata Cham Extract on Wistar Rats Subjected to a Hypercaloric Diet
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Simão,Anderson Assaid; Ramos,Vinicius de Oliveira; Corrêa,Angelita Duarte; Sousa,Raimundo Vicente de; Marcussi,Silvana.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic and toxicologic effects of the administration of the powered vegetable extract and aqueous extract of Tournefortia paniculata leaves on Wistar rats, subjected to a hypercaloric diet for 42 days. The rats were divided into five groups and were given the following treatments by gavage: T0 (control) - 1.0 mL water day-1; T1 - aqueous extract containing 14 mg phenolic compounds kg-1 rat day-1; T2 - 14 mg quercetin kg-1 rat day-1; T3 - 50 mg powered vegetable extract from T. paniculata leaves (PVE) kg-1 rat day-1 and T4 - 100 mg PVE kg-1 rat day-1. The treatments did not significantly alter the weight, but were effective in reducing liver fat, glucose and serum triglycerides. The treatment T1 reduced food...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Medicinal plants; Pharmacology; Antioxidants; Genotoxicity.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132015000400494

Role of sympathetic nervous system and neuropeptides in obesity hypertension
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Hall,J.E.; Brands,M.W.; Hildebrandt,D.A.; Kuo,J.; Fitzgerald,S.
Obesity is the most common cause of human essential hypertension in most industrialized countries. Although the precise mechanisms of obesity hypertension are not fully understood, considerable evidence suggests that excess renal sodium reabsorption and a hypertensive shift of pressure natriuresis play a major role. Sympathetic activation appears to mediate at least part of the obesity-induced sodium retention and hypertension since adrenergic blockade or renal denervation markedly attenuates these changes. Recent observations suggest that leptin and its multiple interactions with neuropeptides in the hypothalamus may link excess weight gain with increased sympathetic activity. Leptin is produced mainly in adipocytes and is believed to regulate energy...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Leptin; Angiotensin; Kidney; Sodium excretion.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000600001

Beneficial effects of exercise training (treadmill) on insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat fed C57BL/6 mice
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Marques,C.M.M.; Motta,V.F.; Torres,T.S.; Aguila,M.B.; Mandarim-de-Lacerda,C.A.
C57BL/6 mice develop signs and symptoms comparable, in part, to the human metabolic syndrome. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of exercise training on carbohydrate metabolism, lipid profile, visceral adiposity, pancreatic islet alterations, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in C57BL/6 mice. Animals were fed one of two diets during an 8-week period: standard (SC, N = 12) or very high-fat (HF, N = 24) chow. An exercise training protocol (treadmill) was then established and mice were divided into SC and HF sedentary (SC-Sed, HF-Sed), exercised groups (SC-Ex, HF-Ex), or switched from HF to SC (HF/SC-Sed and HF/SC-Ex). HF/HF-Sed mice had the greatest body mass (65% more than SC/SC-Sed; P &lt; 0.0001), and exercise reduced it by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Lipid metabolism; Metabolic syndrome; Aerobic training; Fatty liver; Stereology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2010000500008

Effect of physical training on liver expression of activin A and follistatin in a nonalcoholic fatty liver disease model in rats
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Silva,R.N.; Bueno,P.G.; Avó,L.R.S.; Nonaka,K.O.; Selistre-Araújo,H.S.; Leal,A.M.O.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by fat accumulation in the liver and is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Activin A is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF)-β superfamily and inhibits hepatocyte growth. Follistatin antagonizes the biological actions of activin. Exercise is an important therapeutic strategy to reduce the metabolic effects of obesity. We evaluated the pattern of activin A and follistatin liver expression in obese rats subjected to swimming exercise. Control rats (C) and high-fat (HF) diet-fed rats were randomly assigned to a swimming training group (C-Swim and HF-Swim) or a sedentary group (C-Sed and HF-Sed). Activin βA subunit mRNA expression was significantly higher in HF-Swim than in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Activin A; Follistatin; Steatosis; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Obesity; Exercise.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2014000900746

Effects of chronic treadmill training on body mass gain and visceral fat accumulation in overfed rats
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Dantas,E.M.; Pimentel,E.B.; Gonçalves,C.P.; Lunz,W.; Rodrigues,S.L.; Mill,J.G.
This study evaluated the effects of chronic treadmill training on body mass gain and visceral fat accumulation in overfed rats. Overfeeding was induced by reducing the litter size to 3 male pups per mother during the suckling period. The litter size of control rats was adjusted to 10 male pups per mother. Seven weeks after birth overfed and normally fed rats were selected and assigned to a sedentary protocol or to a low-intensity treadmill training protocol (60 min, 5 times/week, for 9 weeks). Four groups (overfed sedentary, N = 23; normally fed sedentary, N = 32; overfed exercised, N = 18, and normally fed exercised, N = 18) were evaluated at 18 weeks. Data are reported as means ± SEM. Initial body weight was similar in control and overfed rats [8.0 ± 0.2...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Exercise; Abdominal fat; Overfeeding.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2010000500014

Classification of different degrees of adiposity in sedentary rats
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Leopoldo,A.S.; Lima-Leopoldo,A.P.; Nascimento,A.F.; Luvizotto,R.A.M.; Sugizaki,M.M.; Campos,D.H.S.; da Silva,D.C.T.; Padovani,C.R.; Cicogna,A.C.
In experimental studies, several parameters, such as body weight, body mass index, adiposity index, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, have commonly been used to demonstrate increased adiposity and investigate the mechanisms underlying obesity and sedentary lifestyles. However, these investigations have not classified the degree of adiposity nor defined adiposity categories for rats, such as normal, overweight, and obese. The aim of the study was to characterize the degree of adiposity in rats fed a high-fat diet using cluster analysis and to create adiposity intervals in an experimental model of obesity. Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats were fed a normal (n=41) or a high-fat (n=43) diet for 15 weeks. Obesity was defined based on the adiposity index; and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Adiposity index; Rats; Cluster analysis.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016000400601

Effects of type of physical exercise and leisure activities on the depression scores of obese Brazilian adolescent girls
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Stella,S.G.; Vilar,A.P.; Lacroix,C.; Fisberg,M.; Santos,R.F.; Mello,M.T.; Tufik,S.
Several studies have indicated that depressive states may lead to hypokinesia with diminished metabolic rate and energy use. Hypokinesia associated with certain eating behaviors may lead to an unfavorable energy balance that can contribute to the emergence and prevalence of obesity among children and adults. The purpose of the present study was to examine the possibility of reducing depression inventory scores in female adolescents with third-degree obesity while testing the effectiveness of different exercise programs in reducing anxiety and depression scores. The sample consisted of 40 female subjects (mean age 16 ± 1.56 years) divided into 4 groups (aerobic training, anaerobic training, leisure activities, and control). Subjects had a body mass index of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adolescents; Physical exercise; Leisure activity; Obesity.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005001100017

Impact of marked weight loss induced by bariatric surgery on bone mineral density and remodeling
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Pereira,F.A.; Castro,J.A.S. de; Santos,J.E. dos; Foss,M.C.; Paula,F.J.A.
Data about the impact of bariatric surgery (BS) and subsequent weight loss on bone are limited. The objective of the present study was to determine bone mineral density (BMD), bone remodeling metabolites and hormones that influence bone trophism in premenopausal women submitted to BS 9.8 months, on average, before the study (OGg, N = 16). The data were compared to those obtained for women of normal weight (CG, N = 11) and for obese women (OG, N = 12). Eight patients in each group were monitored for one year, with the determination of BMD, of serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and osteocalcin, and of urinary calcium and deoxypyridinoline. The biochemical determinations were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Osteoporosis; Obesity; Bone mineral density; Bone turnover; Bariatric surgery.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000400009

Association between syndecan-1 and renal function in adolescents with excess weight: evidence of subclinical kidney disease and endothelial dysfunction
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Saboia,Z.M.R.M.; Meneses,G.C.; Martins,A.M.C.; Daher,E.F.; Silva Junior,G.B.
Excess weight (overweight and obesity) is associated with kidney and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between syndecan-1 and renal function among adolescents with excess weight. A total of 56 students from a public school at Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, were investigated. The adolescents were submitted to anthropometric evaluation, including weight, height, blood pressure and body mass index. Blood and urine samples were collected for the determination of serum lipids (total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides), and the endothelial injury biomarker syndecan-1. Participants' mean age was 16±1 years (range 14-19 years), and 68% were females. Overweight...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Overweight; Biomarkers; Kidney disease; Endothelium; Adolescents.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2018000300606

Vitamin D3 levels and NLRP3 expression in murine models of obese asthma: association with asthma outcomes
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Zhang,J-H.; Chen,Y-P.; Yang,X.; Li,C-Q.
Vitamin D (25(OH)D3) is an essential nutrient that plays a role in the immune system. Serum 25(OH)D3 is found to be associated with asthma. However, the role of vitamin D in obese asthma remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the association between vitamin D levels and asthma outcomes in a murine model of obese asthma. We also evaluated NLRP3 inflammasome activity in the pathogenesis of obese asthma. We divided 20 male Balb/c mice (3–4 weeks old) into 4 groups: normal control, asthma, obese, and obese asthma and developed an obese asthma mouse model. Airway hyperreactivity, cytokine concentrations, 25(OH)D3 levels, NLRP3 mRNA and IL-1β mRNA expressions were measured. Lung histology and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell count were also...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Asthma; Obesity; Airway hyperreactivity; NLRP3 inflammasome; Vitamin D3.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2018000100612

Changes in the hormone and lipid profile of obese adolescent Saudi females with acne vulgaris
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Abulnaja,K.O.
Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial disease affecting a majority of the adolescent population. The objective of this study was to test for a correlation between fasting serum lipid profiles and levels of testosterone, insulin, leptin, and interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) and the incidence of severe acne vulgaris in obese adolescent females. Four groups of adolescent females were studied: obese with acne, obese without acne, non-obese with acne, and non-obese without acne. Obese females with acne, compared to obese females without acne and non-obese subjects, had significantly higher serum triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein-B (apo-B) (mean ± SD: 197 ± 13.7 vs 171 ± 11.5, 128 ± 8.3 vs 116 ± 7.7, 96 ± 13.7 vs 85 ± 10.3 mg/dL,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acne vulgaris; Obesity; Testosterone; Adolescent females; Serum IL-1β.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009000600005

Effects of a PPARG gene variant on obesity characteristics in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Mattevi,V.S.; Zembrzuski,V.M.; Hutz,M.H.
The contribution of genetic factors to the development of obesity has been widely recognized, but the identity of the genes involved has not yet been fully clarified. Variation in genes involved in adipocyte differentiation and energy metabolism is expected to have a role in the etiology of obesity. We assessed the potential association of a polymorphism in one candidate gene, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARGg), involved in these pathways and obesity-related phenotypes in 335 Brazilians of European descent. All individuals included in the sample were adults. Pregnant women, as well as those individuals with secondary hyperlipidemia due to renal, liver or thyroid disease, and diabetes, were not invited to participate in the study; all...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; PPARG gene; Genetic susceptibility; Multifactorial diseases.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000700006

GLUT4 protein expression in obese and lean 12-month-old rats: insights from different types of data analysis
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Seraphim,P.M.; Nunes,M.T.; Machado,U.F.
GLUT4 protein expression in white adipose tissue (WAT) and skeletal muscle (SM) was investigated in 2-month-old, 12-month-old spontaneously obese or 12-month-old calorie-restricted lean Wistar rats, by considering different parameters of analysis, such as tissue and body weight, and total protein yield of the tissue. In WAT, a ~70% decrease was observed in plasma membrane and microsomal GLUT4 protein, expressed as µg protein or g tissue, in both 12-month-old obese and 12-month-old lean rats compared to 2-month-old rats. However, when plasma membrane and microsomal GLUT4 tissue contents were expressed as g body weight, they were the same. In SM, GLUT4 protein content, expressed as µg protein, was similar in 2-month-old and 12-month-old obese rats, whereas...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Insulin resistance; Obesity; Weight loss; GLUT4 protein.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001001000018

Obesity and kidney disease: hidden consequences of the epidemic
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Kovesdy,C.P.; Furth,S.L.; Zoccali,C.
Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic and its prevalence has been projected to grow by 40% in the next decade. This increasing prevalence has implications for the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and also for chronic kidney disease (CKD). A high body mass index is one of the strongest risk factors for new-onset CKD. In individuals affected by obesity, a compensatory hyperfiltration occurs to meet the heightened metabolic demands of the increased body weight. The increase in intraglomerular pressure can damage the kidneys and raise the risk of developing CKD in the long-term. The incidence of obesity-related glomerulopathy has increased ten-fold in recent years. Obesity has also been shown to be a risk factor for nephrolithiasis, and for a number...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Chronic kidney disease; Nephrolithiasis; Kidney cancer; Prevention.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2017000500101

Mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in obesity-associated hypertension
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Lobato,N.S.; Filgueira,F.P.; Akamine,E.H.; Tostes,R.C.; Carvalho,M.H.C.; Fortes,Z.B.
Obesity is strongly associated with high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes. These conditions synergistically increase the risk of cardiovascular events. A number of central and peripheral abnormalities can explain the development or maintenance of high blood pressure in obesity. Of great interest is endothelial dysfunction, considered to be a primary risk factor in the development of hypertension. Additional mechanisms also related to endothelial dysfunction have been proposed to mediate the development of hypertension in obese individuals. These include: increase in both peripheral vasoconstriction and renal tubular sodium reabsorption, increased sympathetic activity and overactivation of both the renin-angiotensin system and the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hypertension; Obesity; Endothelial dysfunction; Oxidative stress; Renin-angiotensin system; Nitric oxide.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000500003

Vagotomy ameliorates islet morphofunction and body metabolic homeostasis in MSG-obese rats
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Lubaczeuski,C.; Balbo,S.L.; Ribeiro,R.A.; Vettorazzi,J.F.; Santos-Silva,J.C.; Carneiro,E.M.; Bonfleur,M.L.
The parasympathetic nervous system is important for β-cell secretion and mass regulation. Here, we characterized involvement of the vagus nerve in pancreatic β-cell morphofunctional regulation and body nutrient homeostasis in 90-day-old monosodium glutamate (MSG)-obese rats. Male newborn Wistar rats received MSG (4 g/kg body weight) or saline [control (CTL) group] during the first 5 days of life. At 30 days of age, both groups of rats were submitted to sham-surgery (CTL and MSG groups) or subdiaphragmatic vagotomy (Cvag and Mvag groups). The 90-day-old MSG rats presented obesity, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and hypertriglyceridemia. Their pancreatic islets hypersecreted insulin in response to glucose but did not increase insulin release upon...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Β-Cell; Obesity; Parasympathetic nervous system.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2015000500447

Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular and endocrine-metabolic diseases: an update
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Davel,A.P.; Wenceslau,C.F.; Akamine,E.H.; Xavier,F.E.; Couto,G.K.; Oliveira,H.T.; Rossoni,L.V.
The endothelium plays a vital role in maintaining circulatory homeostasis by the release of relaxing and contracting factors. Any change in this balance may result in a process known as endothelial dysfunction that leads to impaired control of vascular tone and contributes to the pathogenesis of some cardiovascular and endocrine/metabolic diseases. Reduced endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and increased production of thromboxane A2, prostaglandin H2 and superoxide anion in conductance and resistance arteries are commonly associated with endothelial dysfunction in hypertensive, diabetic and obese animals, resulting in reduced endothelium-dependent vasodilatation and in increased vasoconstrictor responses. In addition, recent studies have...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Endothelial dysfunction; Hypertension; Sympathetic hyperactivity; Diabetes; Obesity.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011000900014

Effect of obesity on rat reproduction and on the development of their adult offspring
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Campos,K.E.; Volpato,G.T.; Calderon,I.M.P.; Rudge,M.V.C.; Damasceno,D.C.
The aim of the present study was to assess the reproductive parameters of obese Wistar rats and to determine the frequency of their obese adult offspring. Neonatal rats were divided into two groups: F1 generation, induced to obesity by monosodium glutamate (MSG; F1MSG, N = 30), and rats given saline (F1CON, N = 13). At 90 days of age all animals were mated, producing the F2 offspring (F2CON, N = 28; F2MSG, N = 15). Reproductive parameters (fertility, pregnancy, and delivery indexes) were evaluated in F1 rats. F2 newborns were weighed, and the obesity parameter for F1 and F2 generations was determined from months 5 to 7 of life. At month 7, periovarian fat was weighed and no differences were found. Mean newborn weight also did not differ. The F1 and F2MSG...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Offspring; Fertility; Wistar rats; Monosodium glutamate; Transgeneration.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000200008

Sodium taste threshold in children and its relationship to blood pressure
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Arguelles,J.; Diaz,J.J.; Malaga,I.; Perillan,C.; Costales,M.; Vijande,M.
Popular science has emphasized the risks of high sodium intake and many studies have confirmed that salt intake is closely related to hypertension. The present mini-review summarizes experiments about salt taste sensitivity and its relationship with blood pressure (BP) and other variables of clinical and familial relevance. Children and adolescents from control parents (N = 72) or with at least one essential hypertensive (EHT) parent (N = 51) were investigated. Maternal questionnaires on eating habits and vomiting episodes were collected. Offspring, anthropometric, BP, and salt taste sensitivity values were recorded and blood samples analyzed. Most mothers declared that they added "little salt" when cooking. Salt taste sensitivity was inversely correlated...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Children; Hypertension; Cardiovascular risk factors; Salt taste sensitivity; Pregnancy; Obesity.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000500017

Genetic association of SNPs in the FTO gene and predisposition to obesity in Malaysian Malays
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Apalasamy,Y.D.; Ming,M.F.; Rampal,S.; Bulgiba,A.; Mohamed,Z.
The common variants in the fat mass- and obesity-associated (FTO) gene have been previously found to be associated with obesity in various adult populations. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) blocks in various regions of the FTO gene are associated with predisposition to obesity in Malaysian Malays. Thirty-one FTO SNPs were genotyped in 587 (158 obese and 429 non-obese) Malaysian Malay subjects. Obesity traits and lipid profiles were measured and single-marker association testing, LD testing, and haplotype association analysis were performed. LD analysis of the FTO SNPs revealed the presence of 57 regions with complete LD (D’ = 1.0). In addition, we...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: FTO gene; SNP; Obesity; Linkage disequilibrium; Haplotypes.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001200003

Ethnicity as a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea: comparison of Japanese descendants and white males in São Paulo, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Genta,P.R.; Marcondes,B.F.; Danzi,N.J.; Lorenzi-Filho,G.
Some studies showed that Asians with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are thinner than Caucasians. Because obesity is a major risk factor for OSA, it was concluded that Asians are predisposed to OSA. However, body fat composition varies for a same body mass index (BMI) according to ethnicity. We firstly compared anthropometric characteristics, symptoms and associated disorders in all consecutive male Japanese descendants and white males with OSA referred for polysomnography. In a second analysis, all Japanese descendants were compared to a subgroup of white males, matched for apnea/hypopnea index and age. In the first analysis, age, symptoms, OSA severity and co-morbidities were similar among Japanese descendants (N = 54) and white patients (N = 466)....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Asians; Obesity; Obstructive sleep apnea; Japanese; Ethnicity; Body mass index.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000800015

Rimonabant improves metabolic parameters partially attributed to restoration of high voltage-activated Ca2+ channels in skeletal muscle in HFD-fed mice
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Chen,B.; Hu,N.
Cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) inhibition tends to be one of the promising strategies for the treatment of obesity and other related metabolic disorders. Although CB1R inhibition may cause adverse psychiatric effects including depression and anxiety, the investigation of the role of peripheral CB1R on weight loss and related metabolic parameters are urgently needed. We first explored the effect of rimonabant, a selective CB1R antagonist/inverse agonist, on some metabolic parameters in high fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice. Then, real-time PCR and electrophysiology were used to explore the contribution of high voltage-activated Ca2+ channels (HVACCs), especially Cav1.1, on rimonabant's effect in skeletal muscle (SM) in HFD-induced obesity....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cannabinoid receptor type 1; Obesity; Rimonabant; Skeletal Muscle; HVA calcium channel.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2017000600602

Argyrophil cell density in the oxyntic mucosa is higher in female than in male morbidly obese patients
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Maksud,F.A.N.; Kakehasi,A.M.; Barbosa,A.J.A.
Obesity is a multifactorial disorder often associated with many important diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and other metabolic syndrome conditions. Argyrophil cells represent almost the total population of endocrine cells of the human gastric mucosa and some reports have described changes of specific types of these cells in patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome. The present study was designed to evaluate the global population of argyrophil cells of the gastric mucosa of morbidly obese and dyspeptic non-obese patients. Gastric biopsies of antropyloric and oxyntic mucosa were obtained from 50 morbidly obese patients (BMI &gt;40) and 50 non-obese patients (17 dyspeptic overweight and 33 lean individuals) and processed for histology and Grimelius...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Argyrophil cells; Endocrine cells; Obesity; Gastric mucosa; Metabolic syndrome.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2013000400339

Comparison of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial biogenesis responses after 12 weeks of treadmill running and ladder climbing exercises in the cardiac muscle of middle-aged obese rats
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Kim,Kijin; Ahn,Nayoung; Jung,Suryun.
The purpose of the present study was to compare the influence of aerobic exercise (AE) lasting 12 weeks to that of resistance exercise (RE) of the same duration on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial biogenesis in the cardiac muscle of middle-aged obese rats. Obesity was induced in thirty 50-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats over 6 weeks by administration of a high-fat diet. The rats were then subjected to treadmill-running (AE) and ladder-climbing (RE) exercises 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Rats in the AE group showed significantly lower increases in body weight and intraperitoneal fat than those in the sedentary control (SC) group (P&lt;0.05). The 12-week exercise regimes resulted in a significant increase in expression of mitochondrial...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Exercise training; Mitochondrial biogenesis; Endoplasmic reticulum stress; Obesity; Cardiac muscle; Aging.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2018001000604

IGF2, LEPR, POMC, PPARG, and PPARGC1 gene variants are associated with obesity-related risk phenotypes in Brazilian children and adolescents
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Queiroz,E.M.; Cândido,A.P.C.; Castro,I.M.; Bastos,A.Q.A.; Machado-Coelho,G.L.L.; Freitas,R.N.
Association studies of genetic variants and obesity and/or obesity-related risk factors have yielded contradictory results. The aim of the present study was to determine the possible association of five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the IGF2, LEPR, POMC, PPARG, and PPARGC1 genes with obesity or obesity-related risk phenotypes. This case-control study assessed overweight (n=192) and normal-weight (n=211) children and adolescents. The SNPs were analyzed using minisequencing assays, and variables and genotype distributions between the groups were compared using one-way analysis of variance and Pearson's chi-square or Fisher's exact tests. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and gender was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Association study; Obesity; Genetic polymorphisms; Brazilian population.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2015000700595

Body composition measures of obese adolescents by the deuterium oxide dilution method and by bioelectrical impedance
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Resende,C.M.M.; Camelo Júnior,J.S.; Vieira,M.N.C.M.; Ferriolli,E.; Pfrimer,K.; Perdoná,G.S.C.; Monteiro,J.P.
The objectives of the present study were to describe and compare the body composition variables determined by bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and the deuterium dilution method (DDM), to identify possible correlations and agreement between the two methods, and to construct a linear regression model including anthropometric measures. Obese adolescents were evaluated by anthropometric measures, and body composition was assessed by BIA and DDM. Forty obese adolescents were included in the study. Comparison of the mean values for the following variables: fat body mass (FM; kg), fat-free mass (FFM; kg), and total body water (TBW; %) determined by DDM and by BIA revealed significant differences. BIA overestimated FFM and TBW and underestimated FM. When compared...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adolescents; Obesity; Body composition; Bioelectrical impedance; Deuterium oxide dilution method.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011001100013

Cardiovascular risk factors in a population of Brazilian schoolchildren
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Rodrigues,A.N.; Moyses,M.R.; Bissoli,N.S.; Pires,J.G.P.; Abreu,G.R.
Epidemiological and clinical evidence suggests that a judicious diet, regular physical activity and blood pressure (BP) monitoring must start in early childhood to minimize the impact of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. This study was designed to evaluate BP and metabolic parameters of schoolchildren from Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil, and correlate them with cardiovascular risk factors. The study was conducted on 380 students aged 10-14 years (177 boys, 203 girls) enrolled in public schools. Baseline measurements included body mass index, BP and heart rate. The students were submitted to exercise spirometry on a treadmill. VO2max was obtained from exercise testing to voluntary exhaustion. Fasting serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, HDL-C,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cardiovascular risk factors; Arterial hypertension; Primary prevention; Coronary artery disease; Obesity; Schoolchildren.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006001200015

Obesity inversely correlates with prostate-specific antigen levels in a population with normal screening results of prostate cancer in northwestern China
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Zhang,J.; Ma,M.; Nan,X.; Sheng,B.
Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a diagnostic biomarker of prostate cancer and is possibly associated with obesity. This study aimed to explore the relationships between obesity indicators [body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC)] with PSA in Chinese men. A cross-sectional study of men aged 30-85 years undergoing prostate cancer screening was conducted from August 2008 to July 2013 in Xi'an, China. Data were obtained from clinical reports, condition was recorded based on self-report including demographics, weight, height, and WC (&gt;90 cm=obese). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and prostate volume (PV) were assessed clinically. Patients were grouped by BMI (normal=22.9, overweight=23-27.4, obese≥27.5 kg/m2). PSA parameters of density...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Prostate-specific antigen; Body mass index; Obesity; Prostate cancer; Screening.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016000800704

Combined treatment with caffeic and ferulic acid from Baccharis uncinella C. DC. (Asteraceae) protects against metabolic syndrome in mice
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Bocco,B.M.; Fernandes,G.W.; Lorena,F.B.; Cysneiros,R.M.; Christoffolete,M.A.; Grecco,S.S.; Lancellotti,C.L.; Romoff,P.; Lago,J.H.G.; Bianco,A.C.; Ribeiro,M.O.
Fractionation of the EtOH extract from aerial parts of Baccharis uncinella C. DC. (Asteraceae) led to isolation of caffeic and ferulic acids, which were identified from spectroscopic and spectrometric evidence. These compounds exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and have been shown to be effective in the prevention/treatment of metabolic syndrome. This study investigated whether the combined treatment of caffeic and ferulic acids exhibits a more significant beneficial effect in a mouse model with metabolic syndrome. The combination treatment with caffeic and ferulic acids was tested for 60 days in C57 mice kept on a high-fat (40%) diet. The data obtained indicated that treatment with caffeic and ferulic acids prevented gain in body weight...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Caffeic acid; Ferulic acid; Metabolic syndrome.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016000300604

Does the incremental shuttle walk test require maximal effort in young obese women?
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Jürgensen,S.P.; Trimer,R.; Di Thommazo-Luporini,L.; Dourado,V.Z.; Bonjorno-Junior,J.C.; Oliveira,C.R.; Arena,R.; Borghi-Silva,A.
Obesity is a chronic disease with a multifaceted treatment approach that includes nutritional counseling, structured exercise training, and increased daily physical activity. Increased body mass elicits higher cardiovascular, ventilatory and metabolic demands to varying degrees during exercise. With functional capacity assessment, this variability can be evaluated so individualized guidance for exercise training and daily physical activity can be provided. The aim of the present study was to compare cardiovascular, ventilatory and metabolic responses obtained during a symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) on a treadmill to responses obtained by the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in obese women and to propose a peak oxygen consumption...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Incremental shuttle walk test; Exercise; Obesity.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016000800703

Validation of the two-minute step test in obese with comorbibities and morbidly obese patients
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ricci,P.A.; Cabiddu,R.; Jürgensen,S.P.; André,L.D.; Oliveira,C.R.; Di Thommazo-Luporini,L.; Ortega,F.P.; Borghi-Silva,A.
Cardiopulmonary fitness assessment is a valuable resource to obtain quantitative indicators of an individual's physical performance. The cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX), considered the gold standard test for this evaluation, is costly and difficult to be accessed by the general population. In order to make this evaluation more accessible, and to better reflect the performance of daily life activities, alternative tests were proposed. Morbidly obese patients present limitations that impair physical performance assessment and could benefit from a test of shorter duration, provided it is validated. This observational study aimed to validate the two-minute step test (2MST) as a tool to evaluate functional capacity (FC) in obese with comorbidities and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cardiopulmonary exercise test; Oxygen uptake; Obesity; Cardiorespiratory fitness.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019000900605

MAFB mediates the therapeutic effect of sleeve gastrectomy for obese diabetes mellitus by activation of FXR expression
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Xu,Jian; Wang,Yong; Yin,Jiajun; Yin,Min; Wang,Mofei; Liu,Jingang.
Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and related pathways are involved in the therapeutic effect of sleeve gastrectomy for overweight or obese patients with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of FXR expression regulation during the surgical treatment of obese diabetes mellitus by sleeve gastrectomy. Diabetic rats were established by combined streptozotocin and high-fat diet induction. Data collection included body weight, chemical indexes of glucose and lipid metabolism, liver function, and the expression levels of musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene family B (MAFB), FXR, and related genes induced by sleeve gastrectomy. Chang liver cells overexpressing MAFB gene were established to confirm the expression of related genes. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diabetes mellitus; Obesity; Sleeve gastrectomy; MAFB; FXR.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2018000700612

Systematic head and neck physical examination as a predictor of obstructive sleep apnea in class III obese patients
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Martinho,F.L.; Tangerina,R.P.; Moura,S.M.G.T.; Gregório,L.C.; Tufik,S.; Bittencourt,L.R.A.
Our aim was to determine if anatomical abnormalities of the upper airway (UA) and facial skeleton of class III severely obese patients are related to the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Forty-five patients (69% females, mean age 46.5 ± 10.8 years) with a body mass index (BMI) over 40 kg/m² underwent UA and facial skeletal examinations as well as polysomnography. Mean BMI was 49 ± 7 kg/m² and mean neck circumference was 43.4 ± 5.1 cm. Polysomnographic findings showed that 22% had a normal apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and 78% had an AHI over 5. The presence of OSAS was associated with younger age (P = 0.02), larger neck circumference (P = 0.004), presence of a voluminous lateral wall (P = 0.0002), posteriorized soft palate (P...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; Snore; Physical examination; Predictors.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008001200008

N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide, but not brain natriuretic peptide, is increased in patients with severe obesity
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Fernandes,F.; Ramires,F.J.A.; Buck,P.C.; Almeida,I.J.; Rabelo,R.; Dantas,S.A.; Salemi,V.M.C.; Halpern,A.; Mady,C.
Elevated body mass index (BMI) has been reported as a risk factor for heart failure. Prevention of heart failure through identification and management of risk factors and preclinical phases of the disease is a priority. Levels of natriuretic peptides as well as activity of their receptors have been found altered in obese persons with some conflicting results. We investigated cardiac involvement in severely obese patients by determining N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and attempting to correlate the levels of these peptides in serum and plasma, respectively, with BMI, duration of obesity, waist circumference, and echocardiographic parameters. Thirty-three patients with severe obesity (mean BMI: 46.39...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Heart failure; NT-proBNP; Brain natriuretic peptide.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000200001

Influence of dexamethasone and weight loss on the regulation of serum leptin levels in obese individuals
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Lerario,D.D.G.; Ferreira,S.R.G.; Miranda,W.L.; Chacra,A.R.
The adipocyte hormone leptin is thought to serve as a signal to the central nervous system reflecting the status of fat stores. Serum leptin levels and adipocyte leptin messenger RNA levels are clearly increased in obesity. Nevertheless, the factors regulating leptin production are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of in vivo administration of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone and weight loss on serum leptin levels in two independent protocols. Twenty-five obese subjects were studied (18 women and 7 men, mean age 26.6 ± 6 years, BMI 31.1 ± 2.5 kg/m², %fat 40.3 ± 8.3) and compared at baseline to 22 healthy individuals. Serum levels of leptin, insulin, proinsulin and glucose were assessed at baseline and after...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Leptin; Weight reduction; Dexamethasone.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000400007

Obese obstructive sleep apnea patients with tonsil hypertrophy submitted to tonsillectomy
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Martinho,F.L.; Zonato,A.I.; Bittencourt,L.R.A.; Soares,M.C.M.; Silva,R.F.N.; Gregório,L.C.; Tufik,S.
The physiopathology of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is multifactorial and obesity has been shown to be one of the main factors correlated with its occurrence. In obese patients with anatomical alterations of the upper airways it is often difficult to predict success for surgical correction since obesity is a limiting factor. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the results of tonsillectomy in a specific group of patients, i.e., obese OSAHS patients with tonsil hypertrophy. Seven OSAHS patients with moderate obesity with obstructive palatine tonsil hypertrophy were submitted to tonsillectomy. All patients were submitted to pre- and postoperative appraisal of body mass index, otorhinolaryngology examination and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sleep apnea syndrome; Obesity; Surgery; Tonsillectomy; Apnea and hypopnea index.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000800017

Body fat and cholecalciferol supplementation in elderly homebound individuals
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Canto-Costa,M.H.S.; Kunii,I.; Hauache,O.M.
Vitamin D deficiency, observed mainly in the geriatric population, is responsible for loss of bone mass and increased risk of bone fractures. Currently, recommended doses of cholecalciferol are advised, but since there are few studies evaluating the factors that influence the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) following supplementation, we analyzed the relationship between the increase in serum 25(OH)D after supplementation and body fat. We studied a group of 42 homebound elderly subjects over 65 years old (31 women) in order to assess whether there is a need for adjustment of the doses of cholecalciferol administered to this group according to their adipose mass. Baseline measurements of 25(OH)D, intact parathyroid hormone and bone remodeling...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cholecalciferol; Vitamin D insufficiency; Secondary hyperparathyroidism; Obesity; Body fat content.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000100011

An empirical comparison of atypical bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Fontenelle,L.F.; Mendlowicz,M.V.; Moreira,R.O.; Appolinario,J.C.
The International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD-10) defines atypical bulimia nervosa (ABN) as an eating disorder that encompasses several different syndromes, including the DSM-IV binge eating disorder (BED). We investigated whether patients with BED can be differentiated clinically from patients with ABN who do not meet criteria for BED. Fifty-three obese patients were examined using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and the ICD-10 criteria for eating disorders. All volunteers completed the Binge Eating Scale (BES), the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). Individuals fulfilling criteria for both ABN and BED (N = 18), ABN without BED (N = 16), and obese controls (N = 19) were compared and contrasted....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Atypical bulimia nervosa; Binge eating disorder; Anxiety; Obesity.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005001100014

Abnormal subcellular distribution of GLUT4 protein in obese and insulin-treated diabetic female dogs
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Vargas,A.M.; Barros,R.P.A.; Zampieri,R.A.; Okamoto,M.M.; de Carvalho Papa,P.; Machado,U.F.
The GLUT4 transporter plays a key role in insulin-induced glucose uptake, which is impaired in insulin resistance. The objective of the present study was to investigate the tissue content and the subcellular distribution of GLUT4 protein in 4- to 12-year-old control, obese and insulin-treated diabetic mongrel female dogs (4 animals per group). The parametrial white adipose tissue was sampled and processed to obtain both plasma membrane and microsome subcellular fractions for GLUT4 analysis by Western blotting. There was no significant difference in glycemia and insulinemia between control and obese animals. Diabetic dogs showed hyperglycemia (369.9 ± 89.9 mg/dl). Compared to control, the plasma membrane GLUT4, reported per g tissue, was reduced by 55% (P...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Diabetes; Obesity; Insulin resistance; GLUT4; Adipose tissue; Plasma membrane.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004000700020

Association of acanthosis nigricans with race and metabolic disturbances in obese women
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Araújo,L.M.B.; Porto,M.V.; Netto,E.M.; Ursich,M.J.
Acanthosis nigricans (AN) has been recognized as a marker of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. We have compared frequency of race and metabolic disturbances in obese women with several degrees of AN (AN group, N = 190) to a group without AN (non-AN group, N = 61) from a mixed racial population. The groups were similar regarding age and body mass index. All patients (except the diabetic patients) underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (75 g). The racial distribution of this population was 35.1% white, 37.8% mulatto and 27.1% black and the frequency of AN was 62.5, 82.1 and 83.8%, respectively, higher in black versus white (P = 0.003) and mulatto versus white (P = 0.002) women. The frequencies of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acanthosis nigricans; Race; Obesity; Insulin resistance; Hyperinsulinism.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000100008

Percent body fat is a better predictor of cardiovascular risk factors than body mass index
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Zeng,Qiang; Dong,Sheng-Yong; Sun,Xiao-Nan; Xie,Jing; Cui,Yi.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the predictive values of percent body fat (PBF) and body mass index (BMI) for cardiovascular risk factors, especially when PBF and BMI are conflicting. BMI was calculated by the standard formula and PBF was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. A total of 3859 ambulatory adult Han Chinese subjects (2173 males and 1686 females, age range: 18-85 years) without a history of cardiovascular diseases were recruited from February to September 2009. Based on BMI and PBF, they were classified into group 1 (normal BMI and PBF, N = 1961), group 2 (normal BMI, but abnormal PBF, N = 381), group 3 (abnormal BMI, but normal PBF, N = 681), and group 4 (abnormal BMI and PBF, N = 836). When age, gender, lifestyle,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Body composition; Body mass index; Cardiovascular disease; Risk factor; Percent body fat; Bioelectrical impedance.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000700005

Do intrauterine growth restriction and overweight at primary school age increase the risk of elevated body mass index in young adults?
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Bettiol,H.; Sabbag Filho,D.; Haeffner,L.S.B.; Barbieri,M.A.; Silva,A.A.M.; Portela,A.; Silveira,P.; Goldani,M.Z.
Obesity is one of the rising public health problems characterized as a risk factor for many chronic diseases in adulthood. Early life events such as intrauterine growth restriction, as well as life style, are associated with an increased prevalence of this disease. The present study was performed to determine if intrauterine growth restriction interacts with overweight at primary school age to affect body mass index (BMI) in young adults. From June 1, 1978 to May 31, 1979, 6827 singleton liveborns from Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil, corresponding to 98% of all births at the 8 maternity hospitals, were examined and their mothers were interviewed. Samples from the initial cohort were examined again at primary school age (8 to 11 years of age) and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Intrauterine growth restriction; Overweight; Body mass index; Obesity.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000900011

Health in early adulthood: the contribution of the 1978/79 Ribeirão Preto birth cohort
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Barbieri,M.A.; Bettiol,H.; Silva,A.A.M.; Cardoso,V.C.; Simões,V.M.F.; Gutierrez,M.R.P.; Castro,J.A.S.; Vianna,E.S.O.; Foss,M.C.; Dos Santos,J.E.; Queiroz,R.G.P.
The increase in non-communicable chronic diseases of adults is due to demographic changes and changes in the risk factors related to physical activity, smoking habits and nutrition. We describe the methodology for the evaluation of persons at 23/25 years of age of a cohort of individuals born in Ribeirão Preto in 1978/79. We present their socioeconomic characteristics and the profile of some risk factors for chronic diseases. A total of 2063 participants were evaluated by means of blood collection, standardized questionnaires, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, and methacholine bronchoprovocation tests. The sexes were compared by the chi-square test, with alpha = 0.05. Obesity was similar among men and women (12.8 and 11.1%); overweight was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Non-communicable chronic diseases of adults; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; Arterial hypertension Asthma; Dyslipidemia.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000800007

Effect of high-fat diets on body composition, lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity, and the role of exercise on these parameters
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Coelho,D.F.; Pereira-Lancha,L.O.; Chaves,D.S.; Diwan,D.; Ferraz,R.; Campos-Ferraz,P.L.; Poortmans,J.R.; Lancha Junior,A.H.
Dietary fat composition can interfere in the development of obesity due to the specific roles of some fatty acids that have different metabolic activities, which can alter both fat oxidation and deposition rates, resulting in changes in body weight and/or composition. High-fat diets in general are associated with hyperphagia, but the type of dietary fat seems to be more important since saturated fats are linked to a positive fat balance and omental adipose tissue accumulation when compared to other types of fat, while polyunsaturated fats, omega-3 and omega-6, seem to increase energy expenditure and decrease energy intake by specific mechanisms involving hormone-sensitive lipase, activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fat; Obesity; Insulin; PUFA; Diet; Exercise.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011001000001

Beneficial effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on insulin signaling cascade, dyslipidemia, and body adiposity of diet-induced obese rats
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Banin,R.M.; Hirata,B.K.S.; Andrade,I.S.; Zemdegs,J.C.S.; Clemente,A.P.G.; Dornellas,A.P.S.; Boldarine,V.T.; Estadella,D.; Albuquerque,K.T.; Oyama,L.M.; Ribeiro,E.B.; Telles,M.M.
Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) has been indicated as an efficient medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. It remains unclear if its effects are due to an improvement of the insulin signaling cascade, especially in obese subjects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of GbE on insulin tolerance, food intake, body adiposity, lipid profile, fasting insulin, and muscle levels of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B), and protein kinase B (Akt), as well as Akt phosphorylation, in diet-induced obese rats. Rats were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) or a normal fat diet (NFD) for 8 weeks. After that, the HFD group was divided into two groups: rats gavaged with a saline vehicle (HFD+V), and rats...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ginkgo biloba extract; Obesity; Insulin tolerance; Body adiposity; Akt phosphorylation; Rats.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2014000900780

Obesity induces upregulation of genes involved in myocardial Ca2+ handling
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Lima-Leopoldo,A.P.; Sugizaki,M.M.; Leopoldo,A.S.; Carvalho,R.F.; Nogueira,C.R.; Nascimento,A.F.; Martinez,P.F.; Luvizotto,R.A.M.; Padovani,C.R.; Cicogna,A.C.
Obesity is a complex multifactorial disorder that is often associated with cardiovascular diseases. Research on experimental models has suggested that cardiac dysfunction in obesity might be related to alterations in myocardial intracellular calcium (Ca2+) handling. However, information about the expression of Ca2+-related genes that lead to this abnormality is scarce. We evaluated the effects of obesity induced by a high-fat diet in the expression of Ca2+-related genes, focusing the L-type Ca2+ channel (Cacna1c), sarcolemmal Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX), sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2a), ryanodine receptor (RyR2), and phospholamban (PLB) mRNA in rat myocardium. Male 30-day-old Wistar rats were fed a standard (control) or high-fat diet (obese) for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; High-fat diet; Rat heart; Ca2+ cycling; MRNA; Ca2+-related genes.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000700011

Cardiac function and intracellular Ca2+ handling proteins are not impaired by high-saturated-fat diet-induced obesity
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Deus,A.F.; Vileigas,D.F.; Silva,D.C.T.; Tomasi,L.C.; Campos,D.H.S.; Okoshi,K.; Padovani,C.R.; Cicogna,A.C.
Obesity is often associated with changes in cardiac function; however, the mechanisms responsible for functional abnormalities have not yet been fully clarified. Considering the lack of information regarding high-saturated-fat diet-induced obesity, heart function, and the proteins involved in myocardial calcium (Ca2+) handling, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that this dietary model of obesity leads to cardiac dysfunction resulting from alterations in the regulatory proteins of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Male Wistar rats were distributed into two groups: control (C, n=18; standard diet) and obese (Ob, n=19; high-saturated-fat diet), which were fed for 33 weeks. Cardiac structure and function were evaluated using echocardiographic and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Saturated fatty acids; High-fat diet; Cardiac function; Calcium handling proteins; Rat.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019000600605

Low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin and hyperproinsulinemia as markers of increased pancreatic ß-cell demand in men
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Reis,A.F.; Miranda,W.L.; Chacra,A.R.
Low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) are considered to be an indirect index of hyperinsulinemia, predicting the later onset of diabetes mellitus type 2. In the insulin resistance state and in the presence of an increased pancreatic ß-cell demand (e.g. obesity) both absolute and relative increases in proinsulin secretion occur. In the present study we investigated the correlation between SHBG and pancreatic ß-cell secretion in men with different body compositions. Eighteen young men (30.0 ± 2.4 years) with normal glucose tolerance and body mass indexes (BMI) ranging from 22.6 to 43.2 kg/m2 were submitted to an oral glucose tolerance test (75 g) and baseline and 120-min blood samples were used to determine insulin, proinsulin and C-peptide by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Insulin; Proinsulin; Sex hormone-binding globulin; Obesity.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998001200006

Mechanisms involved in the vasorelaxant effects produced by the acute application of amfepramone in vitro to rat aortic rings
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: López-Canales,J.S.; Lozano-Cuenca,J.; Muãoz-Islas,E.; Aguilar-Carrasco,J.C.; López-Canales,O.A.; López-Mayorga,R.M.; Castillo-Henkel,E.F.; Valencia-Hernández,I.; Castillo-Henkel,C.
Amfepramone (diethylpropion) is an appetite-suppressant drug used for the treatment of overweight and obesity. It has been suggested that the systemic and central activity of amfepramone produces cardiovascular effects such as transient ischemic attacks and primary pulmonary hypertension. However, it is not known whether amfepramone produces immediate vascular effects when applied in vitro to rat aortic rings and, if so, what mechanisms may be involved. We analyzed the effect of amfepramone on phenylephrine-precontracted rat aortic rings with or without endothelium and the influence of inhibitors or blockers on this effect. Amfepramone produced a concentration-dependent vasorelaxation in phenylephrine-precontracted rat aortic rings that was not affected by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cardiovascular pharmacology; Amfepramone; Obesity; Rat aorta; Nitric oxide; Potassium channels.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2015000600537

Ginsenoside Rg1 inhibits dietary-induced obesity and improves obesity-related glucose metabolic disorders
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Li,Jin-bo; Zhang,Rui; Han,Xiao; Piao,Chun-li.
Obesity and its consequent type 2 diabetes are significant threats to global health. Emerging evidence indicates that ginsenosides from ginseng (Panax ginseng) have anti-diabetic activity. We hypothesized that ginsenosides Rg1 could suppress dietary-induced obesity and improve obesity-related glucose metabolic disorders. Our results showed that ginsenoside Rg1 attenuated dietary-induced body weight gain and fat accumulation in white adipocyte tissue of mice fed a high-fat diet. Furthermore, we found that ginsenosides Rg1 not only decreased fasting glucose concentration and the 2-h postprandial glucose concentration, but also improved insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in those mice. Ginsenoside Rg1 also activated the AMPK pathway in vitro and in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diabetes; Ginsenoside Rg1; Insulin resistance; Body weight; Obesity.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2018000400610

Association of adult weight gain and nonalcoholic fatty liver in a cross-sectional study in Wan Song Community, China
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Zhang,W.-J.; Chen,L.-L.; Zheng,J.; Lin,L.; Zhang,J.-Y.; Hu,X.
Our objective was to examine associations of adult weight gain and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Cross-sectional interview data from 844 residents in Wan Song Community from October 2009 to April 2010 were analyzed in multivariate logistic regression models to examine odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) between NAFLD and weight change from age 20. Questionnaires, physical examinations, laboratory examinations, and ultrasonographic examination of the liver were carried out. Maximum rate of weight gain, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, and alanine transaminase were higher in the NAFLD group than...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: China; Diabetes; Insulin resistance; Lipidosis; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Obesity.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2014000200151

The reciprocal interaction between sleep and type 2 diabetes mellitus: facts and perspectives
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Martins,R.C.; Andersen,M.L.; Tufik,S.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease characterized by intolerance to glucose and peripheral resistance to insulin. This endocrine disease affects fundamental mechanisms of the central nervous system and jeopardizes the balance of vital functions such as the cardiovascular and circadian rhythm. The increased prevalence of metabolic disorders in our society is aggravated by endemic voluntary postponement of bedtime and by the current sedentary lifestyle, leading to epidemic proportions of obese people. Diabetes and chronic loss of sleep share the fact that both affect millions and one is detrimental to the other. Indeed, sleep deficits have marked modulatory effects on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity and foster metabolic syndrome that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diabetes; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; Apnea; Sleep.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000300001

Monosodium glutamate (MSG)-obese rats develop glucose intolerance and insulin resistance to peripheral glucose uptake
Provedor de dados: 56
Different levels of insulin sensitivity have been described in several animal models of obesity as well as in humans. Monosodium glutamate (MSG)-obese mice were considered not to be insulin resistant from data obtained in oral glucose tolerance tests. To reevaluate insulin resistance by the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and by the clamp technique, newborn male Wistar rats (N = 20) were injected 5 times, every other day, with 4 g/kg MSG (N = 10) or saline (control; N = 10) during the first 10 days of age. At 3 months, the IVGTT was performed by injecting glucose (0.75 g/kg) through the jugular vein into freely moving rats. During euglycemic clamping plasma insulin levels were increased by infusing 3 mU . kg-1 . min-1 of regular insulin until a...
Palavras-chave: Monosodium glutamate; Insulin resistance; Obesity; Clamp technique.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000500016

Muscle sympathetic nerve activity and hemodynamic alterations in middle-aged obese women
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ribeiro,M.M.; Trombetta,I.C.; Batalha,L.T.; Rondon,M.U.P.B.; Forjaz,C.L.M.; Barretto,A.C.P.; Villares,S.M.F.; Negrão,C.E.
To study the relationship between the sympathetic nerve activity and hemodynamic alterations in obesity, we simultaneously measured muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), blood pressure, and forearm blood flow (FBF) in obese and lean individuals. Fifteen normotensive obese women (BMI = 32.5 ± 0.5 kg/m²) and 11 age-matched normotensive lean women (BMI = 22.7 ± 1.0 kg/m²) were studied. MSNA was evaluated directly from the peroneal nerve by microneurography, FBF was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography, and blood pressure was measured noninvasively by an autonomic blood pressure cuff. MSNA was significantly increased in obese women when compared with lean control women. Forearm vascular resistance and blood pressure were significantly higher in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Sympathetic nerve activity; Blood pressure; Obesity.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000400006

Specific insulin and proinsulin secretion in glucokinase-deficient individuals
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Pardini,V.C.; Velho,G.; Reis,R.; Purisch,S.; Blanché,H.; Vieira,J.G.H.; Moisés,R.C.S.
Glucokinase (GCK) is an enzyme that regulates insulin secretion, keeping glucose levels within a narrow range. Mutations in the glucokinase gene cause a rare form of diabetes called maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). An early onset (less than 25 years), autosomal dominant inheritance and low insulin secretion stimulated by glucose characterize MODY patients. Specific insulin and proinsulin were measured in serum by immunofluorimetric assays (IFMA) during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Two kindreds (SA and LZ) were studied and compared to non-diabetic unrelated individuals (control group 1) matched for age and body mass index (BMI). In one kindred, some of these subjects were also obese (BMI &amp;gt;26 kg/m2), and other family members...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Proinsulin; Insulin; MODY; Glucokinase; Obesity.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999000400008

The effect of physical exercise and caloric restriction on the components of metabolic syndrome
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Torres-Leal,Francisco Leonardo; Capitani,Mariana Dutilh de; Tirapegui,Julio.
Recent studies of the effects of physical exercise and caloric restriction have found several benefits on the metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors related to metabolic syndrome (MS). This review examines the current state of knowledge of the effects of physical exercise on the main pathologies associated with MS: obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), dyslipidemias and hypertension. Although there are only a few randomized and controlled studies that evaluated the prevention and treatment of MS, strong evidence from controlled studies indicates that lifestyle changes that include regular physical exercise and caloric restriction are effective in preventing and treating DM2 in overweight individuals with reduced glucose tolerance....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Physical activity; Metabolic syndrome; Insulin/resistance; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Obesity; Nutrition.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502009000300003

Association of hypertension and dyslipidaemia with increasing obesity in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Saleem,Zikria; Saeed,Hamid; Khan,Zohaib Abbas; Khan,Muhammad Imran Hassan; Hashmi,Furqan Khurshid; Islam,Muhammad; Bashir,Afzaal; Sadeeqa,Saleha.
The study was performed to estimate the association of hypertension and dyslipidaemia with increasing body weight and obesity in Type II diabetics of Lahore, Pakistan. An observational study was conducted by enrolling 2708 obese diabetics from four diabetes care centres of Lahore, Pakistan. Data was collected for a period of 7 months. Associations were estimated using chi-square, binary and multinomial logistic regression. Data suggested that blood pressure, systolic and diastolic, exhibited continual increase with increasing body weight and obesity class in diabetes patients with 41.8% increase in the prevalence of hypertension in obesity class III subjects (OR; 1.91, p=0.02). Likewise, triglycerides and total cholesterol exhibited continual increase in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Type II Diabetes Mellitus; Dyslipidaemia; Obesity; HbA1c; Lahore/Pakistan.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502019000100503

Implication of anthropometric profile and alimentary consumption on risk for diseases among school children in the 1st to 4th grades
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Monteiro,Vanessa; Matioli,Graciette.
This study aimed to determine the anthropometric profile and diet of 652 school children from the 1st to 4th grades of elementary education in six private schools in the city of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Children's weight and height were classified according to the Body Mass Index proposed by Must et al. (1991). Food consumption was evaluated by means of a questionnaire about daily food frequency. Statistical analysis was carried out using linear and logistic regression tests, with a significance level of 5%. High rates of overweight and obesity, 21.9% and 13.3% respectively, were observed, which did not show a significant relationship with total food consumption. The data obtained were: high consumption of foods rich in energy, such as sugar- and fat-rich...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Alimentary habits; Obesity; Body mass index; Infant nutrition.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502010000300007

Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Martins,Luana Mota; Oliveira,Ana Raquel Soares; Cruz,Kyria Jayanne Clímaco; Torres-Leal,Francisco Leonardo; Marreiro,Dilina do Nascimento.
White adipose tissue (WAT) is considered an endocrine organ. When present in excess, WAT can influence metabolism via biologically active molecules. Following unregulated production of such molecules, adipose tissue dysfunction results, contributing to complications associated with obesity. Previous studies have implicated pro- and anti-inflammatory substances in the regulation of inflammatory response and in the development of insulin resistance. In obese individuals, pro-inflammatory molecules produced by adipose tissue contribute to the development of insulin resistance and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, the molecules with anti-inflammatory action, that have been associated with the improvement of insulin sensitivity, have...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Inflammation; Adipose tissue; Adipokines; Insulin resistance.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502014000400677

Nutrient absorption, feed intake and liveweight change as a consequence of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with increasing alimentary limb lengths in the pig model
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gandarillas,Mónica; Boz,Camilo; Barrales,Luis; Hodgkinson,Suzanne Marie; Bas,Fernando.
Roux-en Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) combines a restrictive and malabsortive component of the digestive system. Metabolic outcomes of increasing the latter, is a matter of research interest. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional consequences of RYGBP with different alimentary limb lengths using a pig model. Twenty-six pigs were randomly assigned to four laparoscopic procedures: RYGBP with 300 cm of alimentary limb (T300); RYGBP with 600 cm (T600); RYGBP with 900 cm (T900); sham operation (TS). RYGBP consisted of creating a proximal gastric pouch with a 300, 600 and 900 cm alimentary limb. Sham operation was performed by bowel transections and reanastomosis in the ileum and proximal jejunum together with gastrotomy and closure. Animals were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Gastric bypass; Roux-en-Y; Pig nutrition; Obesity.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100003

The domestic pig (Sus scrofa domestica) as a model for evaluating nutritional and metabolic consequences of bariatric surgery practiced on morbid obese humans
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gandarillas,Mónica; Bas,Fernando.
The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically over the last 20 years. Moreover, morbid obese patients routinely suffer from serious medical problems, especially cardiovascular disease. Medical therapy for morbid obesity offers no substantial long-term benefit, and thus the first choice therapy for severe obesity is effectively surgery. Gastrointestinal surgery for obesity, also called bariatric surgery, alters the digestive process by limiting food intake and facilitating malabsorption of nutrients from the diet. This arricie reviews the types and evolution of morbid obesity surgery performed in humans and proposes the pig model as an alternative when practicing new surgical techniques or improving actual procedures, as well as to evaluate the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bariatric surgery; Human obesity; Obesity; Pig nutrition; Swine nutrition.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200002

P wave dispersion in obese dogs with and without mitral valve disease
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Dittrich,Gustavo; Campos,Gabriela Marin Van der Broocke; Sousa,Marlos Gonçalves; Oliveira,Simone Tostes.
ABSTRACT: Pwave dispersion (Pd) is an electrocardiographic index defined as the difference between the minimum and maximum Pwave duration in multiple leads. The augmentation of Pd reflects the discontinuous and inhomogeneous atrial depolarization resulting from cardiac and non-cardiac conditions. In humans, an increased Pd is associated with the development of cardiac arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation. To investigate Pd in obese dogs, we enrolled 76 dogs, which were classified in four distinct categories according to body condition and the existance of valve insufficiency: obese dogs (O), dogs with both obesity and cardiac disease (O+CD), lean dogs with cardiac disease (CD) and healthy controls (H). To be included in the study, all dogs...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mitral degeneration; P wave indices; Adiposity; Obesity; Left atrial size.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018001000602

Consumption of baru nuts (Dipteryx alata) in the treatment of obese mice
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Araújo,Andreia Cristina Ferraz; Rocha,Juliete Castro; Paraiso,Alanna Fernandes; Ferreira,Adaliene Versiani Matos; Santos,Sergio Henrique Sousa; Pinho,Lucineia de.
ABSTRACT: The present study evaluated the effects of baru nut consumption on body weight, percent adiposity, amount of adipose tissue and blood levels in obese male Swiss mice. After inducing obesity by providing high-glucose diet (60 days), the mice were divided into 4 groups (7 animals per group) and were fed on a control diet (C), high-glucose diet (HG) or high-glucose diet added with baru (HGBA) or soybean oil (HGSO). Groups fed with diet HGBA had a decrease in the weight gain and glucose and triglyceride levels when compared to diet HG. Aimals fed with HG exhibited a higher proportion of epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose tissue. The inclusion of baru nut in the diet improved the control of weight gain and glucose and triglyceride levels in obese...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Functional food; Baru nuts.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000200405

Glucose and lipid profile of obese dogs fed with different starchy sources
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Feitosa,Mariana Lorenção; Zanini,Surama Freitas; Sousa,Dyeime Ribeiro de; Fantuzzi,Elizabeth; Carraro,Thais Consuelo Loyola; Pinto,Camila Alves; Bertonceli,Raul Monteiro; Colnago,Geraldo Luiz.
ABSTRACT: Among the health disorders caused by obesity in dogs stand out hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Glycemic responses are directly related to the amount and type of starch. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different sources of starch on glycemic and lipid levels in obese dogs. These dogs were distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial 3x2x2 (three sources starchy - corn (60%), sorghum (60%) and corn: sorghum (30:30%), two breeds - Beagle and Dachshund and males and females. After 28 days of experiment, dogs fed with corn had higher amounts of glucose (93.79A mg dL-1) (P&lt;0.05) compared with diets containing sorghum (88.00Bmg dL-1) and corn: sorghum (88.75B mg dL-1) (P&gt;0.05). Thus, dogs that consumed corn had a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Blood glucose; Lipid profile; Obesity; Canine.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782016001202189

Metabolic evaluation in overweight and obese cats and association with blood pressure
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Freitas,Vanessa Danielle de; Castilho,Alessandra Ramos; Conceição,Luciana Auxiliadora Viebrantz da; Sousa,Valéria Régia Franco; Mendonça,Adriane Jorge; Silva,Felipe Gomes da; Almeida,Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de.
ABSTRACT: Obesity has been increasing in cats andis associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The association of these alterations can trigger the onset of metabolic syndrome (MS). Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the serum levels of glucose, fructosamine, cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), andalanine aminotransferase of cats and to identify the possibility of MS,as well as to evaluate changes in arterial pressure. Thirty-seven cats were classified by ECC and morphometric measurements, namely, 15 obese, 12 overweight, and 10 controls. Nocat manifested MS. Only VLDL had a statistically significant difference (P&lt;0.05) between groups. Therefore, obesity may...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Cats hypertension dyslipidemia.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018000100602

A weight loss protocol and owners participation in the treatment of canine obesity
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Carciofi,Aulus Cavalieri; Gonçalves,Karina Nogueira Venturelli; Vasconcellos,Ricardo Souza; Bazolli,Rodrigo Sousa; Brunetto,Márcio Antonio; Prada,Flávio.
The success of a weight loss program for pets depends on the owners collaboration. Their compliance is fundamental in establishing the correct food management. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a weight loss program in two groups of dogs, one maintained under experimental conditions and the other with their owners. The same hypocaloric food was used to feed all animals, the amount being restricted to 60% of the estimated maintenance energy requirement for a 15% reduction of the present body weight of the dog. The animals were followed during 90 days. A standard questionnaire was used to study the owners' perception of obesity and its treatment. The protocol and the diet were found to be effective. The control dogs had an...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dogs; Obesity; Treatment; Diet.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782005000600016

Coconut oil on biochemical and morphological parameters in rats submitted to normolipidic and hyperlipidic diets
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Schumacher,Bianca de Oliveira; Preuss,Edcarlos Maurino; Vargas,Carolina Galarza; Helbig,Elizabete.
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of replacing soybean oil with extra virgin coconut oil in normolipidic and hyperlipidic diets, on the lipid metabolism of Wistar rats. In the first stage of the experiment (30 days), 36 rats were divided into 2 groups and fed with a control or a hyperlipidic diet. Six animals from each group were then killed, and the remaining rats were redistributed into 4 new groups: 2 groups remained on the control and hyperlipidic diets, and in the diets of the other 2 groups, the soybean oil was replaced with coconut oil (30 days). At the end of the assay, the biological models were decapitated for blood collection and removal of organs and peritoneal fat. Although the diet intake differed among groups during both...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cocos nucifera L; Extra virgin coconut oil; Obesity; Rat; Diet.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782016001001818